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专题03.代词精讲
考点导图
知识1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 重点
人称与数 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数 I
复数 we
第二人称 单数 you
复数 you
第三人称 单数 he
she
it
复数 they
一、人称代词
1．人称代词的主格在句中主要作主语。
love my country.我爱我的国家。
is a good student.她是一名好学生。
2．人称代词的宾格在句中主要作动词、介词的宾语或作表语。
I don’t know .我不认识她。
His mother is waiting for outside.他母亲正在外面等他。
-Who is knocking at the door？-谁在敲门？
-It’s ，Jack.-是我，杰克。
二、物主代词
1．物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
2．形容词性物主代词在句中作定语，修饰名词，一般不单独使用。
name is Jack.我的名字是杰克。
3．名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面已提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。
-This is dictionary.Where is yours -这是我的词典。你的在哪里？
-It's over there,on the desk.-它在那边，在桌子上。
4．名词性物主代词可与of连用，构成双重所有格。
He is .他是我的一位朋友。
三、反身代词
1．反身代词的句法功能
（1）在句中作动词或介词的宾语。
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.我希望你们在聚会上能玩得开心。
My aunt can speak a little English and she learned it all by herself.我姑姑会说一点英语，而且都是自学的。
（2）在句中作表语。
I am not quite myself today.今天我身体不舒服。
（3）在句中作同位语。
You’ll have to do it yourself.你得自己去做。
2．反身代词的常用词组 难点
teach oneself／learn...by oneself
enjoy oneself
help oneself to
come to oneself
hurt oneself
look after／take care of oneself
知识2 指示代词和it的用法
一、指示代词
类别 指示代词及词义 例句
近指 单数 this 这个 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。
复数 these这些 These are my books.这些是我的书。
远指 单数 that 那个 That is her bike.那是她的自行车。
复数 those 那些 Those are my sheep.那些是我的绵羊。
二、it的用法
1．指代前面提到过的事物
The book on the desk is not mine. It is Jim's.桌上的那本书不是我的，是吉姆的。
2．代替指示代词this或that
-What’s that？-那是什么？
-It is a pencil.-是一支铅笔。
3．指代时间或季节
-What’s the time now？-现在几点了？
-It’s ten o’clock.-十点了。
4．指代天气
-What's the weather like today -今天天气怎么样？-It’s sunny.-今天是晴天。
5．指代距离
How far is it from your school to your home 从学校到你家有多远？
it作形式主语有以下重要句型：
It+be+adj +（for sb）+to do sth
It is very important for me to learn a foreign language.学一门外语对我来讲很重要。
It +takes sb +时间+to do sth
It took me some time to finish reading the materials.读完这些材料花了我一些时间。
7．it作形式宾语
it作形式宾语时常用于“...think／find／believe／feel/ make+ it+adj./n. (+ for sb.) + to do sth.”结构。
I find it hard to learn gymnastics.我觉得学习体操挺难的。
I feel it necessary to take plenty of exercise every day.我感觉每天做大量的锻炼是必要的。
三、it、one、that的区别 难点
1．it用作代词，指代同名同物。
The book is mine. It's very interesting.
这本书是我的，它非常有趣。
2．one用作代词，指代同名异物，泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，复数形式为ones。
-Who has a pen？-谁有钢笔？
-I have one.-我有一支。
3．that用作代词，指代同名异物，既可以代替不可数名词，也可以代替可数名词单数。常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.冬天北京的天气要比广州的天气冷。
注意
比较结构中，若代替可数名词复数，需用those。
The computers in our school are connected to the Internet while those in their school are not.我们学校的电脑是联网的，但是他们学校的电脑没联网。
知识3 疑问代词
who 作主语、表语、宾语 Who wants to go with me 谁想和我一起去？
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking？你在和谁讲话？
whose 表示“谁的”，常作定语 Whose book is this 这是谁的书？
what what指“什么”，没有范围限定 What's your father 你父亲从事什么职业？ What would you like？你想要什么？
which which 指“哪一个，哪一些”，有范围限定 Which one do you like best？你最喜欢哪一个？
知识点4 不定代词
不定代词是不明确指代某个（些）人或物的代词，有时可作定语修饰名词。
一、普通不定代词
1. some与any
相同点 既可以指代或修饰可数名词，也可以指代或修饰不可数名词
不同点 some Some of the boys play football. -Would you like some coffee -来点咖啡吧？ Could I have some more oranges？ 我能再吃些橘子吗？
any I need some more paint.There isn't any left.我还需要些油漆，已经用完了。 You can catch any bus.你可以赶上任何一趟公共汽车。
2.many与much
不定代词 用法 例句
many Don't take so many.别拿这么多。 How many children do you have？你有几个孩子？
much He never eats so much.他从不吃那么多。 How much is it？ 这东西多少钱？
both/ all/ either/ neither/ none 难点
不定代词 用法 例句
both Both (of) the plans are good.两个计划都很好。
all All are welcome.欢迎大家。 All of them enjoyed the party.他们都喜欢那次聚会。
either You can keep one of the two pens. Either is OK. 你可以拿走两支钢笔中的一支，哪一支都行。
neither Neither of them has a car.他们两个都没有汽车。
none They have three sons, but none of them lives/live nearby.他们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 None of the work was done.工作一点都没做。
other/ the other/ others/ the others/ another
易混词 含义 用法
other 作定语，常与复数名词连用，但如果前面有the，no，my，your，his等，则可与单数名词连用
the other 常与one连用，构成one...the other...；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”
others 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）；不能作定语：可以构成 “some...others...”结构
the others 特指其余所有的人或物
another 指三者或三者以上中的“另一个，再一个”；作定语时，修饰单数名词或代词one
little、a little、few、a few
类别 意义及用法 例句
肯定 a few I need a few things from the store.我需要去商店买些东西。
a little There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有点水。
否定 few It's so cold. There are few people in the street.这么冷，大街上没什么人。
little There is little milk left.没剩多少牛奶了。
二．复合不定代词
1．some．any．no，every 与-body，-one．-thing 可构成复合不定代词
somebody （某人） anybody （任何人） nobody （没有人） everybody （每个人）
someone （某人） anyone （任何人） no one （没有人） everyone （每个人）
something （某事／物） anything （任何事／物） nothing （没有什么） everything （每一件事）
2．基本用法
用法 例句
①some 开头的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中 ②any或no开头的复合不定代词常用于否定句或疑问句中 Give me to do.给我点活几干吧。 -Is there in the cup？ -杯于里有东西吗？ -No,there is .-没有、什么也没有。
当形容词或else 修饰复合不定代词something，.everything, anyone 等时，形容词或else必須放在这些词的后面 He has important to tell you.他有重要的事情要告诉你。 Can you find else 你能找到其他人吗？
①当表示“人”时，使用-body 或者-one类复合不定代词 ②当表示“事／物”时，使用-thing 类复合不定代词 There is at the door.门口有个人。 strange happened in our neighborhood. 我们街区发生了奇怪的事情。
考点综合练
一、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
it that these
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1．______ pictures about the city are as amazing as those about the countryside.
2．I can't find my English book. Have you seen __
3．Tom's grade is much better this year than ____of last term.
everything nobody nothing anybody everyone anything
4．The most beautiful thing about learning is that ________ can take it away from you.
5．Don't worry. ____________ will be OK if you stop being anxious and do something meaningful for it.
6．__________ should do something to protect our environment, like taking a cloth bag to go shopping or throwing rubbish into the bins. It doesn't cost __________ but can help a lot.
7．There is ________ wrong with my computer. It works well.
8．Jim doesn't care about ________ else. He only cares about himself.
another other
9．There are big trees on one side of the street and flowers on the ______ side of the street.
10．—I like the coat but not the color. Have you got ________ one
—Yes, I'll show you.
二．.单句填空
1．[2024娄底二模]She created a course that educated divers about the beauty of sharks and the need to protect them and ______（they） environment.
2．[2024长沙明德模拟]____（it） name is made up of two parts, namely “baduan” and “jin”.
3．[2024湘西州一模改编]If we feel pleased with our bodies, we will be more likely to take care of ____（they）.
4．[2024长沙模拟]We are proud to call ____________（we） the “descendants（传人） of the dragon”.
5．[2024邵阳模拟]From the dining hall’s pizza to the coffee shops’ burgers, it was difficult for ____（she） to eat healthily every day.
6．[2024张家界模拟]There are hardly any fish left, and the water ________（it） smells terrible.
7．[2024衡阳三模]In the first episode, for example, two actresses appeared and grew watermelons and cooked local food together by ____________（they）.
8．[2023怀化改编]My mother’s birthday is coming. I will buy a gift for ____（she）.
9．[2023岳阳改编]Believe in __________（you） and you can overcome your shyness.
10．[2023郴州改编]—My best friend is more popular than me. I want to be like him.
—It’s not necessary to be the same. You should just be__________（you）.
11．[2023株洲改编]Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought （we） closer together.
12．[2021衡阳] took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.
13．[2020怀化]If buildings fall down with people inside, ______（this） snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.
14．[2020长沙改编]The twins are so alike that even their father finds hard to tell them from each other.
三.不定代词填空
1．[2024衡阳一模]One girl said one of her friends had said ____________ that hurt her feelings and she was really sad about it. She didn’t know how to deal with it.
2．[2024湖北武汉改编]—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ____ can give people a big laugh.
3．[2023邵阳改编]—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom
—Oh, one is under the bed, ____________ is behind the door.
4．[2023郴州模拟]—Who went to Changsha with your sister
—________. She went there alone.
5．[2023张家界]He just filled two pots with water and put them on the fire to boil them. Then, he put potatoes into one pot and ground coffee beans（研磨过的咖啡豆） into ____________.
6．[2020郴州改编]—Don’t play games any more. There’s ________ useful for you.
—OK, Mom.
四.选词填空
选择方框中的词并用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。
it other he they nothing anything this you we everyone
Once upon a time, there was a boy who was out playing on the beach with1. friends. While they were playing, the boy found a stone which looked strange. This stone wasn’t the same as 2. . It was a little bit shining. But it was quite dirty. The boy took the stone home because he wanted to polish（磨） it.
His friends felt surprised so they asked, “Why are 3. polishing that ugly stone ” But the boy said 4. . From then on, when they went out to play, the boy would take the stone with him. He would polish 5. whenever he had a rest.
6. went on for some time. Then one day, the boy went to play with his friends as usual. He had a surprise for 7. . When he showed the stone to them, 8. was amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all—it was a beautiful diamond（钻石）. The boy had been polishing it until it was completely clean and bright.
In 9. lives, there will be times when people try to discourage us. The best thing we can do is to continue to work towards our goals. This story tells us that 10. is possible if we go for it.
五.代词填空
1. is everyone’s duty to help animals to stop extinction（灭绝）. As a student, there are so many things you can do 2. （your） too! Please look at the following tips（建议） to help the endangered animals.
Send a letter to 3. （you） local environment protecting center and show how you feel about the quick extinction of animals. Use the facts to write what you have found.
Draw pictures and make a poster. Put this poster somewhere at school or where people will usually see it. Add some text in the sign to make it clear why you care about the loss of animals. It may encourage people to do something to protect the animals.
Watch your diet. Before eating meals, you should see if you will break a food chain. If you see 4. （anyone） doing something bad for the food chain, please stop 5. （he） at once.专题03.代词精讲
考点导图
知识1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 重点
人称与数 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三人称 单数 he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
一、人称代词
1．人称代词的主格在句中主要作主语。
I love my country.我爱我的国家。
She is a good student.她是一名好学生。
2．人称代词的宾格在句中主要作动词、介词的宾语或作表语。
I don’t know her.我不认识她。
His mother is waiting for him outside.他母亲正在外面等他。
-Who is knocking at the door？-谁在敲门？
-It’s me，Jack.-是我，杰克。
二、物主代词
1．物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
2．形容词性物主代词在句中作定语，修饰名词，一般不单独使用。
My name is Jack.我的名字是杰克。
3．名词性物主代词常用来避免与前面已提及的名词重复，相当于“形容词性物主代词＋名词”。
-This is my dictionary.Where is yours -这是我的词典。你的在哪里？
-It's over there,on the desk.-它在那边，在桌子上。
4．名词性物主代词可与of连用，构成双重所有格。
He is a friend of mine.他是我的一位朋友。
三、反身代词
1．反身代词的句法功能
（1）在句中作动词或介词的宾语。
I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party.我希望你们在聚会上能玩得开心。
My aunt can speak a little English and she learned it all by herself.我姑姑会说一点英语，而且都是自学的。
（2）在句中作表语。
I am not quite myself today.今天我身体不舒服。
（3）在句中作同位语。
You’ll have to do it yourself.你得自己去做。
2．反身代词的常用词组 难点
teach oneself／learn...by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得高兴
help oneself to 自用，自取（食物、饮料等）
come to oneself 苏醒
hurt oneself 受伤
look after／take care of oneself 照顾自己
知识2 指示代词和it的用法
一、指示代词
类别 指示代词及词义 例句
近指 单数 this 这个 This is my pen.这是我的钢笔。
复数 these这些 These are my books.这些是我的书。
远指 单数 that 那个 That is her bike.那是她的自行车。
复数 those 那些 Those are my sheep.那些是我的绵羊。
二、it的用法
1．指代前面提到过的事物
The book on the desk is not mine. It is Jim's.桌上的那本书不是我的，是吉姆的。
2．代替指示代词this或that
-What’s that？-那是什么？
-It is a pencil.-是一支铅笔。
3．指代时间或季节
-What’s the time now？-现在几点了？
-It’s ten o’clock.-十点了。
4．指代天气
-What's the weather like today -今天天气怎么样？-It’s sunny.-今天是晴天。
5．指代距离
How far is it from your school to your home 从学校到你家有多远？
it作形式主语有以下重要句型：
It+be+adj +（for sb）+to do sth
It is very important for me to learn a foreign language.学一门外语对我来讲很重要。
It +takes sb +时间+to do sth
It took me some time to finish reading the materials.读完这些材料花了我一些时间。
7．it作形式宾语
it作形式宾语时常用于“...think／find／believe／feel/ make+ it+adj./n. (+ for sb.) + to do sth.”结构。
I find it hard to learn gymnastics.我觉得学习体操挺难的。
I feel it necessary to take plenty of exercise every day.我感觉每天做大量的锻炼是必要的。
三、it、one、that的区别 难点
1．it用作代词，指代同名同物。
The book is mine. It's very interesting.
这本书是我的，它非常有趣。
2．one用作代词，指代同名异物，泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个，复数形式为ones。
-Who has a pen？-谁有钢笔？
-I have one.-我有一支。
3．that用作代词，指代同名异物，既可以代替不可数名词，也可以代替可数名词单数。常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，以避免重复。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou in winter.冬天北京的天气要比广州的天气冷。
注意
比较结构中，若代替可数名词复数，需用those。
The computers in our school are connected to the Internet while those in their school are not.我们学校的电脑是联网的，但是他们学校的电脑没联网。
知识3 疑问代词
who 作主语、表语、宾语 Who wants to go with me 谁想和我一起去？
whom who的宾格形式，作宾语 To whom are you talking？你在和谁讲话？
whose 表示“谁的”，常作定语 Whose book is this 这是谁的书？
what what指“什么”，没有范围限定 What's your father 你父亲从事什么职业？ What would you like？你想要什么？
which which 指“哪一个，哪一些”，有范围限定 Which one do you like best？你最喜欢哪一个？
知识点4 不定代词
不定代词是不明确指代某个（些）人或物的代词，有时可作定语修饰名词。
一、普通不定代词
1. some与any
相同点 既可以指代或修饰可数名词，也可以指代或修饰不可数名词
不同点 some ①一般用于肯定句中 ②在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时，应用 some Some of the boys play football. -Would you like some coffee -来点咖啡吧？ Could I have some more oranges？ 我能再吃些橘子吗？
any ①多用于疑问句、否定句中②用于肯定句中，表示“任何（一个）” I need some more paint.There isn't any left.我还需要些油漆，已经用完了。 You can catch any bus.你可以赶上任何一趟公共汽车。
2.many与much
不定代词 用法 例句
many 指代或修饰可数名词复数，可以与表示程度的副词 so，too，as，how等连用 Don't take so many.别拿这么多。 How many children do you have？你有几个孩子？
much 指代或修饰不可数名词，可以与表示程度的副词so,too,as,how 等连用 He never eats so much.他从不吃那么多。 How much is it？ 这东西多少钱？
both/ all/ either/ neither/ none 难点
不定代词 用法 例句
both 指“两者都” Both (of) the plans are good.两个计划都很好。
all 指“三者或三者以上都，全部都”，常与of连用 All are welcome.欢迎大家。 All of them enjoyed the party.他们都喜欢那次聚会。
either 指“两者中的任何一个或每一个” You can keep one of the two pens. Either is OK. 你可以拿走两支钢笔中的一支，哪一支都行。
neither 指“两者都不” Neither of them has a car.他们两个都没有汽车。
none 指“三者或三者以上都不，一点也没有”，常与of 连用 They have three sons, but none of them lives/live nearby.他们有三个儿子，但他们都不住在附近。 None of the work was done.工作一点都没做。
other/ the other/ others/ the others/ another
易混词 含义 用法
other 另外的 作定语，常与复数名词连用，但如果前面有the，no，my，your，his等，则可与单数名词连用
the other 両者中的另一个 常与one连用，构成one...the other...；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余的全部”
others 另一些 泛指别的人或物（但不是全部）；不能作定语：可以构成 “some...others...”结构
the others 其余的 特指其余所有的人或物
another 另一个 指三者或三者以上中的“另一个，再一个”；作定语时，修饰单数名词或代词one
little、a little、few、a few
类别 意义及用法 例句
肯定 a few “一些”，接可数名词复数 I need a few things from the store.我需要去商店买些东西。
a little “一点”，接不可数名词 There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有点水。
否定 few “几乎没有”,接可数名词复数 It's so cold. There are few people in the street.这么冷，大街上没什么人。
little “几乎没有”，接不可数名词 There is little milk left.没剩多少牛奶了。
二．复合不定代词
1．some．any．no，every 与-body，-one．-thing 可构成复合不定代词
somebody （某人） anybody （任何人） nobody （没有人） everybody （每个人）
someone （某人） anyone （任何人） no one （没有人） everyone （每个人）
something （某事／物） anything （任何事／物） nothing （没有什么） everything （每一件事）
2．基本用法
用法 例句
①some 开头的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中 ②any或no开头的复合不定代词常用于否定句或疑问句中 Give me something to do.给我点活几干吧。 -Is there anything in the cup？ -杯于里有东西吗？ -No,there is nothing.-没有、什么也没有。
当形容词或else 修饰复合不定代词something，.everything, anyone 等时，形容词或else必須放在这些词的后面 He has something important to tell you.他有重要的事情要告诉你。 Can you find anyone else 你能找到其他人吗？
①当表示“人”时，使用-body 或者-one类复合不定代词 ②当表示“事／物”时，使用-thing 类复合不定代词 There is somebody at the door.门口有个人。 Something strange happened in our neighborhood. 我们街区发生了奇怪的事情。
考点综合练
一、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。
it that these
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1．______ pictures about the city are as amazing as those about the countryside.
2．I can't find my English book. Have you seen __
3．Tom's grade is much better this year than ____of last term.
[答案]1．These2．It 3．that
everything nobody nothing anybody everyone anything
4．The most beautiful thing about learning is that ________ can take it away from you.
5．Don't worry. ____________ will be OK if you stop being anxious and do something meaningful for it.
6．__________ should do something to protect our environment, like taking a cloth bag to go shopping or throwing rubbish into the bins. It doesn't cost __________ but can help a lot.
7．There is ________ wrong with my computer. It works well.
8．Jim doesn't care about ________ else. He only cares about himself.
[答案]4．nobody5．Everything6．Everyone；anything7．nothing8．anybody
another other
9．There are big trees on one side of the street and flowers on the ______ side of the street.
10．—I like the coat but not the color. Have you got ________ one
—Yes, I'll show you.
[答案]9．other10．another
二．.单句填空
1．[2024娄底二模]She created a course that educated divers about the beauty of sharks and the need to protect them and ______（they） environment.
[答案]their
[解析]考查物主代词。句意：她开设了一门课程，教潜水员了解鲨鱼的美丽以及保护鲨鱼及其环境的必要性。此处应用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰environment，故填their。
2．[2024长沙明德模拟]____（it） name is made up of two parts, namely “baduan” and “jin”.
[答案]Its
[解析]考查物主代词。句意：它的名字由两部分组成，即“八段”和“锦”。根据name可知，指的是“它的”名字。故填Its。
3．[2024湘西州一模改编]If we feel pleased with our bodies, we will be more likely to take care of ____（they）.
[答案]them
[解析]考查人称代词。句意：如果我们对自己的身体感到满意，我们将更有可能照顾他们。介词后的代词作宾语，要用宾格，故填them。
4．[2024长沙模拟]We are proud to call ____________（we） the “descendants（传人） of the dragon”.
[答案]ourselves
[解析]考查反身代词。句意：我们自豪地称自己为“龙的传人”。此处表示“我们自己”，故填ourselves。
5．[2024邵阳模拟]From the dining hall’s pizza to the coffee shops’ burgers, it was difficult for ____（she） to eat healthily every day.
[答案]her
[解析]考查人称代词。空处作介词的宾语，用代词宾格，故填her。
6．[2024张家界模拟]There are hardly any fish left, and the water ________（it） smells terrible.
[答案]itself
[解析]考查反身代词。句意：几乎没有鱼了，而且水本身闻起来很难闻。此处应填反身代词itself，表示“它自己”。故填itself。
7．[2024衡阳三模]In the first episode, for example, two actresses appeared and grew watermelons and cooked local food together by ____________（they）.
[答案]themselves
[解析]考查反身代词。by oneself“独自”，此空应填they的反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
8．[2023怀化改编]My mother’s birthday is coming. I will buy a gift for ____（she）.
[答案]her
[解析]考查人称代词。for是介词，后接人称代词宾格，故填her。
9．[2023岳阳改编]Believe in __________（you） and you can overcome your shyness.
[答案]yourself
[解析]考查反身代词。句意:相信你自己，你能克服你的害羞。believe in oneself
相信某人自己，结合句意可知答案为yourself。
10．[2023郴州改编]—My best friend is more popular than me. I want to be like him.
—It’s not necessary to be the same. You should just be__________（you）.
[答案]yourself
[解析]考查反身代词。句意:——我最好的朋友比我更受欢迎。我想像他一样。——没有必要成为一样的。你应该做你自己。根据“You should”可知主语是You,此处是指你应该做你自己,反身代词应用yourself。
11．[2023株洲改编]Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought （we） closer together.
[答案]us
[解析]考查人称代词。句意:虽然暴风雨将许多东西分开，但它使我们更紧密地联系在一起。设空处作brought的宾语，应用人称代词宾格，故填us。
12．[2021衡阳] took him lots of time to work out the value—between 3.1415926 and 3.1415927.
[答案]It
[解析]考查代词it。固定用法“It takes/took sb.+时间+to do sth.”表示“某人花费……时间做某事”，故填It。
13．[2020怀化]If buildings fall down with people inside, ______（this） snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.
[答案]these
[解析]考查指示代词。此处表示“这些蛇形机器人能够帮助寻找建筑物下的人”。根据后面的robots可知,填these。
14．[2020长沙改编]The twins are so alike that even their father finds hard to tell them from each other.
[答案]it
[解析]考查代词it。句意:这对双胞胎太像了,以至于甚至他们的父亲都觉得难以把他们区分开来。“find+it+adj.+to do sth.”表示“觉得做某事……”。其中it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为不定式短语。故答案为it。
三.不定代词填空
1．[2024衡阳一模]One girl said one of her friends had said ____________ that hurt her feelings and she was really sad about it. She didn’t know how to deal with it.
[答案]something
[解析]句意：一个女孩说她的一个朋友说了一些伤害她感情的话，她真的很伤心。她不知道如何处理。由语境可知此处用something指某事物。
2．[2024湖北武汉改编]—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ____ can give people a big laugh.
[答案]both
[解析]句意：——现在越来越多的青少年对相声和小品感兴趣。——是的，那是因为两者都能让人开怀大笑。此处指相声和小品都可以让人大笑，用both表示“两者都”。故填both。
3．[2023邵阳改编]—I can’t find my shoes. Where are they, Mom
—Oh, one is under the bed, ____________ is behind the door.
[答案]the other
[解析]句意:——我找不到我的鞋了。妈妈，它们在哪里？——哦，一只在床底下，另一只在门后。根据空前的one可知为one...the other...“一个……另一个……”。故填the other。
4．[2023郴州模拟]—Who went to Changsha with your sister
—________. She went there alone.
[答案]Nobody
[解析]根据后面的“She went there alone.”可知，没有人和妹妹一起去。设空处位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Nobody。
5．[2023张家界]He just filled two pots with water and put them on the fire to boil them. Then, he put potatoes into one pot and ground coffee beans（研磨过的咖啡豆） into ____________.
[答案]the other
[解析]句意:他只是在两个锅里装满水，然后把它们放在火上煮沸。然后，他把土豆放进一个锅里，把研磨过的咖啡豆放到另一个锅里。the other（两者中的）
另一个。故填the other。
6．[2020郴州改编]—Don’t play games any more. There’s ________ useful for you.
—OK, Mom.
[答案]nothing
[解析]根据前句可知，这里表示玩游戏没有帮助。故填nothing。
四.选词填空
选择方框中的词并用其适当形式填空（每词限用一次）。
it other he they nothing anything this you we everyone
Once upon a time, there was a boy who was out playing on the beach with1. friends. While they were playing, the boy found a stone which looked strange. This stone wasn’t the same as 2. . It was a little bit shining. But it was quite dirty. The boy took the stone home because he wanted to polish（磨） it.
His friends felt surprised so they asked, “Why are 3. polishing that ugly stone ” But the boy said 4. . From then on, when they went out to play, the boy would take the stone with him. He would polish 5. whenever he had a rest.
6. went on for some time. Then one day, the boy went to play with his friends as usual. He had a surprise for 7. . When he showed the stone to them, 8. was amazed. It was, in fact, not a common stone at all—it was a beautiful diamond（钻石）. The boy had been polishing it until it was completely clean and bright.
In 9. lives, there will be times when people try to discourage us. The best thing we can do is to continue to work towards our goals. This story tells us that 10. is possible if we go for it.
[答案]1．his2．others3．you4．nothing5．it6．This7．them8．everyone9．our10．anything
[解析]
1．考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰名词friends，用形容词性物主代词，表示他的朋友。故填his。
2．考查不定代词。此处指这块石头和其他的石头不一样，用others代替other stones。故填others。
3．考查人称代词。此处为朋友们问这个男孩：“你为什么在打磨那块难看的石头？”故填you。
4．考查不定代词。根据空前的But可推断，男孩并没有回答朋友们的问题，什么也没说。故填nothing。
5．考查it的用法。本空指代上句中的the stone，且作动词polish的宾语。故填it。
6．考查指示代词。根据空后的went on for some time和下文的“The boy had been polishing it until it was completely clean and bright.”可推断，此处指男孩打磨石头这件事持续了一段时间，应用指示代词this。注意句首单词首字母大写，故填This。
7．考查人称代词。本空指代上句中的his friends，且作介词for的宾语，应用宾格形式。故填them。
8．考查不定代词。根据设空处后的was和前文可知，每一个人都感到惊讶。故填everyone。
9．考查形容词性物主代词。由本句结尾词us可知，本段升华文章，联系我们自身，表示在我们的生活中，空处修饰名词lives，应用形容词性物主代词。故填our。
10．考查不定代词。根据故事内容（男孩花时间不停打磨一块难看的石头，最终呈现出一颗美丽的钻石）可知，这个故事告诉我们：如果付出努力，任何事都有可能实现。故填anything。
五.代词填空
1. is everyone’s duty to help animals to stop extinction（灭绝）. As a student, there are so many things you can do 2. （your） too! Please look at the following tips（建议） to help the endangered animals.
Send a letter to 3. （you） local environment protecting center and show how you feel about the quick extinction of animals. Use the facts to write what you have found.
Draw pictures and make a poster. Put this poster somewhere at school or where people will usually see it. Add some text in the sign to make it clear why you care about the loss of animals. It may encourage people to do something to protect the animals.
Watch your diet. Before eating meals, you should see if you will break a food chain. If you see 4. （anyone） doing something bad for the food chain, please stop 5. （he） at once.
[答案]1．It2．yourself3．your4．someone5．him
[解析]
1．考查it的用法。这里表示帮助动物停止灭绝是每个人的责任。此处为“It is+n.+to do sth.”句型，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式短语，且空处位于句首，故填It。
2．考查反身代词。此处表示作为一名学生，你自己也可以做很多事情。此处应填反身代词，故填yourself。
3．考查物主代词。句意：给你当地的环境保护中心写信，表明你对动物迅速灭绝的感受。空处修饰名词词组，应填形容词性物主代词，故填your。
4．考查不定代词。此处表示如果你看到有人在破坏食物链。这里If引导的条件状语从句为肯定句，一般情况下anyone用于否定句或疑问句，故填someone。
5．考查人称代词。此处位于stop后，作宾语，应用人称代词宾格，故填him。

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