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专题05.八年级下册（Units1-6）核心词汇、句型、考点总汇及精练
一
一．重点单词
Unit 1
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
1.问题；事情 n.　 　
2.颈；脖子 n.　 　
3.发烧 n.　 　
发烧/感冒　 　
4.放松；休息 v. & n.　 　
休息　 　
5.咳嗽 n. & v.　 　
6.牙痛 n.　 　
7.头痛 n.　 　
8.乘客；旅客 n.　 　
9.问题；苦恼 n.　 　
在写字方面有困难 　 　
陷入困境　 　
10.生病的；有病的 adj.　 　
11.膝；膝盖 n.　 　
12.危险；风险；冒险 n. & v.　 　
他们冒着生命危险 　 　
13.千克；公斤 n.　 　
14.情况；状况 n.　 　
15.血 n.　 　
流血；失血 v.　 　
16.意思是；打算；意欲 v.　 　
17.限制；约束；管理 n. & v.　 　
18.勇气；意志；精神 n.　 　
19.护士 n.　 　
Unit 2
1.标志；信号 n.　 　
2.通知；通告；注意 n.　注意到；意识到 v.　 　
3.几个；数个；一些 pron.　 　
4.（尤指长途）旅行；行程 n.　 　
5.募集；征集 v.　 　
6.修理；修补 v.　 　
7.修理；安装 v.　 　
8.车轮；轮子 n.　 　
9.信；函 n.　 　
10.瞎的；失明的 adj.　 　
11.聋的 adj.　 　
12.门 n.　 　
13.聪明的；聪颖的 adj.　 　
14.变化；改变 v. & n.　 　
15.兴趣；关注 n.　使感兴趣；使关注 v.　 　
课标新增
1.咽喉；喉咙 n.　 　
2.（交通）事故；意外遭遇 n.　 　
3.疼痛的；酸痛的 adj.　 　
4.高兴；愉快 n.　 　
5.夫人；女士 n.　 　
6.义务做；自愿做 v.　志愿者 n.　 　
二．词汇拓展
1.stomach（n.）→　 　（pl.）胃；腹部→　 　（n.）胃痛；腹痛
　 　胃痛
2.foot（n.）→　 　（pl.）脚；足；英尺　 　步行
3.knife（n.）→　 　（pl.）刀
4.hit（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）→　 　（现在分词）击；打
5.feel（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）感受；觉得→　 　（n.）感觉；感触
6.satisfy（v.）→　 　（adj.）满意的；满足的
7.imagine（v.）→　 　（n.）想象力　 　想象做某事
8.carry（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）拿；提；扛　 　继续；开展；参与
9.lone（adj.）→　 　（adj. & adv.）单独的（地）；独自的（地）→　 　（adj.）孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的
10.lie（v.）→　 　（过去式）→　 　（过去分词）→　 　（现在分词）躺；平躺；位于　 　躺下
11.hurt（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）（使）疼痛；受伤（adj.）（身体上）受伤的
　 　受伤
12.kind（adj. & n.）→　 　（n.）仁慈；善良
13.control（v. & n.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词） 控制；管理　 　掌控；管理
　 　 失去控制
14.cheer（v. & n.）→　 　（adj.） 高兴的　 　振奋起来；使变得高兴
15.volunteer（v.）→　 　（adj.）自愿的；主动的[新课标]
三．重点词块
1.量体温 　
2.下车 　 　
3.使某人惊讶的是；出乎某人的意料 　 　
4.陷入；参与 　
5.立即；马上　 　
6.冒险　 　
7.用尽；耗尽　 　
8.切除　 　
9.离开；从……出来　
10.放弃　
11.打扫干净 　
12.分发　 　
13.赠送；捐赠　 　
14.想出；提出 　 　
15.推迟　 　
16.打电话给（某人）；征召　 　
17.照顾；非常喜欢 　 　
18.参加……选拔；试用 　 　
19.修理；装饰 　 　
20.（外貌或行为）像　 　
21.建立；设立 　
22.影响；有作用　 　
23.习惯于……；适应于…… 　 　
24.曾经……；过去…… 　 　
25.毫不犹豫 　 　
26.在……上敷些药 　 　
27.及时 　 　
28.有心脏病 　
29.失去生命 　 　
30.独自；单独 　 　
31.做决定 　 　
32.奏效 　 　
33.在这种情况下 　
34.在午夜 　 　
35.……的重要性 　
36.在……岁时 　
四．情景交际
看病就医
－1.　 　？
－I have a stomachache.
－2.　 　？
－Ever since last night.
谈论健康
－I hurt myself when I played basketball yesterday.3.　 　？（我该做什么？）
－You should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
二
一．重点单词
Unit 3
1.垃圾；废弃物 n.　 　
2.地板 n.　 　
3.杂乱；不整洁 n 　
一团糟　 　
4.也不 adv.　两者都不 pron.　 　
5.衬衫 n.　 　
6.给；递；走过；通过 v.　 　
7.借；借用 v.　 　
8.手指 n.　 　
9. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而 conj.　 　
10.浪费；垃圾 n.　浪费；滥用 v.　 　
11.提供；供应 v.　 　
12.而且；加之 adv.　 　
13.邻居n.　 　
Unit 4
1.允许；准许 v.　 　
允许我们打篮球 　 　
2.有毛病；错误的 adj.　 　
3.猜测；估计 v.　 　
4.年纪较长的 adj.　 　
5.代替；反而；却 adv.　 　
6.任何；每一 pron.　 　
7.焦虑的；担忧的 adj.　 　
8.主动提出；自愿给予 v.　 　
主动提出整理床铺 　 　
9.正确的；恰当的 adj.　 　
10.清楚易懂的；晴朗的 adj.　 　
11.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印 v.　 　
12.归还；回来；返回 v.　 　
13.成员；分子 n.　 　
14.技艺；技巧 n.　 　
15.（美式）橄榄球；足球 n.　 　
16.快的；迅速的；时间短暂的 adj.　 　
17.持续；继续存在 v.　 　
18.比较 v.　 　
19.不理智的；疯狂的 adj.　 　
20.鞭策；督促；推动 v.　 　
21.造成；引起 v.　 　
课标新增
1.杂务；乏味无聊的工作 n.　 　
2.点心；小吃；快餐 n.　 　
3.意见；想法；看法 n.　 　
二．词汇拓展
1.throw（v.）→　 　（过去式）→　 　（过去分词）扔；掷　 　 扔掉
2.lend（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）借给，借出
3.depend（v.）→　 　（n.）依靠→　 　（adj.）依赖的→　 　（adj.）独立的　 　 依靠；信赖
4.develop（v.）→　 　（n.）发展；发育　 　 养成一个好习惯
　 随着……的发展
5.argue（v.）→　 　（n.）争吵；争论　 　 和某人争吵
6.communicate（v.）→　 　（n.）交流；沟通　 　和某人交流
7.explain（v.）→　 　（n.）解释；说明　 　向某人解释某事
8.hate（v.）→　 　（n.）痛恨……的人
9.fair（adj.）→　 　（反义词）不合理的；不公正的（n.）展销会；交易会
10.deal （v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）对付；对待；发牌（n.）协议；交易
　 　应对；处理　 重要的事
11.drop（v. & n.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）→　 　（现在分词）落下；掉下；降低；放弃
　 　顺便拜访
12.compete（v.）→　 　（n.）比赛；竞争；竞赛
13.sweep（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）扫；打扫[新课标]
14.stress（n.）→　 　（adj.）紧张的；压力大的
15.press（v.）→　 　（n.）压力[新课标]
三．重点词块
1.做家务 　 　
2.频繁；反复；一直，始终　 　
3.一……就……　 　
4.成功地发展；解决 　 　
5.和睦相处；关系良好　 　
6.删除；删去　 　
7.依某人看 　 　
8.目的是；为了 　 　
9.倒垃圾 　 　
10.扫地 　 　
11.结果 　 　
12.快速查看；浏览　 　
13.与某人打架 　 　
14.搭便车 　 　
15.过来；顺便拜访 　 　
16.参加课外活动 　
四．重点句型
1.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。　 　 kids learn to be independent， 　 　 it is for their future.
2.做家务有助于培养孩子们的独立意识，并教会他们如何照顾自己。Doing chores helps to
　 　 and teaches them how to look after themselves.
3.我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。My problem is that 　 　.
4.虽然想要成功的孩子是正常的，但更重要的是拥有快乐的孩子。Although it’s normal to want successful children， 　 　 have happy children.
五．情景交际
请求与允许
1.－Excuse me， 　 　？（我可以用你的电脑吗？）
－Sorry， I am going to work on my computer.
2.－Could I go out for dinner with my friends？
－　 　. You have a basketball game tomorrow and you have to prepare for it.
提出建议
3.－What’s the matter， Peter？
－I had a fight with my best friend. What should I do？
－　 　？（你为什么不给他打电话呢？这样你就可以说抱歉了。）
－You are right. Thanks for your advice.
三
一．重点单词
Unit 5
1.暴风雨 n.　 　
2.地域； 地区 n.　 　
3.窗； 窗户 n.　 　
4.倚； 碰； 撞 prep.　 　
5.睡着 adj.　 　
6.理解； 领会； 认识到 v.　 　
7.章节； 段落 n.　 　
8.学生 n.　 　
9.日期； 日子 n.　 　
10.塔； 塔楼 n.　 　
11.实情； 事实 n. 　
Unit 6
1.石头 n.　 　
2.一点； 小块 n.　 　
有点儿；稍微 　 　
3.愚蠢的； 不明事理的 adj.　 　
4.物体； 物品 n.　反对 v.　 　
5.尾巴 n.　 　
6.（尤指）夫妻； 两人； 两件事物 n.　 　
7.笑； 微笑 v. & n.　 　
8.丝绸； 丝织物 n.　 　
9.愚蠢的 adj.　 　
10.丈夫 n.　 　
11.全部的； 整体的 adj.　 　
12.光亮地； 明亮地 adv.　明亮的； 光线充足的 adj.　 　
13.地； 地面 n.　 　
14.声音 n.　 　
课标新增
1.闹钟 n.　 　
2.神；上帝 n.　 　
3.王子 n.　 　
公主 n.　 　
4.皇帝 n.　 　
皇后；女皇 n.　 　
5.提醒；使想起 v.　 　
使某人想起某事/某物　 　
6.欺骗；蒙骗 v.　骗子 n.　 　
二．词汇拓展
1.wood（n.）→　 　（adj.）木头的
2.silence（n.）→　 　（adj.）沉默的
3.wife（n.）→　 　（pl.）妻子；太太
4.match（n.）→　 　（pl.）火柴；比赛；相配的人/物（v.）匹配；相配
5.ice（n.）→　 　（adj.）冰冷的；覆盖着冰的
6.beat（v.）→　 　（过去式）→　 　（过去分词）打，击打；（在比赛中）打败（某人）
7.hide（v.）→　 　（过去式）→　 　（过去分词）躲藏；遮挡；隐瞒
8.marry（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）结婚→　 　（adj.）已婚的→　 　（n.）婚姻
9.shine（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）发光；照耀→　 　（adj.）闪耀的
10.lead（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）率领，领导；带路，引领→　 　（n.）领导者，领袖
　 　导致
11.fit（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）→　 　（现在分词）适合；合身（adj.）健康的；合适的　 保持健康
12.sudden（adj.）→　 　（adv.）忽然；突然
13.strange（adj.）→　 　（n.）陌生人
14.weak（adj.）→　 　（n.）软弱；虚弱　 　不擅长
15.brave（adj.）→　 　（adv.）勇敢地
16.rise（v. & n.）→　 　（过去式）→　 　（过去分词）升起；增加；提高
17.stick（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）粘贴，粘住；刺入（n.）木棒（棍）；枝条
　 　坚持（做）某事
18.gold（n. & adj.）→　 　（adj.）金色的
19.begin（v.）→　 　（过去式）→　 　（过去分词）开始
20.west（n. & adj. & adv.）→　 　（adj.）西方（国家）的；（尤指）欧美的
21.light（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）点燃；使明亮（adj.）→　 　（adv.）轻柔地；轻轻地n.）光；光线；光亮；灯
22.shock（v.）→　 　（adj.）惊愕的；震惊的
23.recent（adj.）→　 　（adv.）不久前；最近
24.shoot（v.）→　 　（过去式/过去分词）射击；发射[新课标]
三．重点词块
1.（闹钟）发出响声；离开；（电灯）熄灭；（电）中断 　 　
2.接电话；拿起；（偶然）得到 　 　
3.在困难时期　 　
4.前往；费力地前进 　 　
5.进入梦乡；睡着 　
6.逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 　 　
7.放弃 　 　
8.拆除；往下拽；记录 　
9.首先；最初 　 　
10.代替；反而 　 　
11.变成 　 　
12.从前　 　
13.爱上；喜欢上 　
14.在历史上 　 　
15.在六年级 　 　
四．重点句型
1.那是我此生最快乐的一天！It was 　 　 my life！
2.虽然这场暴风雨把许多东西破坏了，但它使家人和邻居们之间更加亲密。Although the storm broke many things apart， it 　 　.
3.愚公的故事试图告诉我们，如果你努力工作，一切皆有可能！The story of Yu Gong is trying to show us that 　 　！
4.这个故事提醒我们，你永远不会知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。This story reminds us that you will never know what’s possible 　 　.
五．情景交际
谈论过去的事
－　 　？（昨天晚上7点你在做什么？）
－I was in the kitchen helping my mom make dinner.
四
考点精讲练
考点1 matter的用法
What's the matter with Judy 朱迪怎么了？（P1）
拓展 “What's the matter with sb. ”询问某人的身体状况，其常见答语：“人+have/has a+表示疾病或病痛的名词”。如：She has a fever/headache/stomachache.
1．[2024济源一模改编]No ________ what I did, some people expected me to fail.
2．[2024驻马店驿城期中改编]No matter ____ you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are.
3．[2024四川南充改编]Whether you're practising or playing a competition, remember it is the joy that ________.
4．[2024江苏无锡改编]This is not a matter __ being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older.
5．[2024山西改编]It is a great joy and a ________（事情） of pride to see China's high technology is brightly shining from the sky to the ground.
考点2 rest的用法
I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应该躺下休息。（P2）
1．[2024甘肃改编]—You must be very tired after finishing all of those hard jobs.
—Yes. I'll take a deep____（休息） and make myself comfortable.
2．When asked about her new school, Amy said, “Well, the chemistry teacher is kind of strict, but the rest ____ OK.”
考点3 trouble的用法
“It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble,” says one passenger. 一名乘客说：“令人伤心的是，许多人不想要帮助别人，因为他们不想要任何麻烦。”（P3）
含义 常用短语或搭配
n.问题；忧虑；苦恼；困难；困境 be in trouble 处于困境之中
be out of trouble 摆脱困境
get into trouble 陷入困境
have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难
have trouble with sth. 在某事上有麻烦或困难
v.麻烦；使烦恼 trouble sb. with sth. 为某事麻烦某人
trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
拓展 辨析trouble与problem
1.trouble（麻烦）指的是一种困扰、困难或不便，是由某种情况或行动而导致的麻烦。
2.problem（问题）指的是一个具体的困难、难题或疑惑，需要解决或处理。
1．During seven years' period, people were thankful for his generosity（慷慨）—wherever he went, he helped the poor and people ____________（处于困境中）.
2．I don't want to trouble the doctor ____ such a small problem.
3．Do you have trouble __________（sleep） If your answer is yes, you are probably facing a lot of stress and you may need help.
4．“Excuse me. Could I trouble you ________（open） the window, please ” the girl said politely.
5．Whenever I have trouble ____ my studies, my teachers always help me patiently.
考点4 mean的用法
This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. 它的意思是处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中。（P6）
拓展
meaning n.意思；意义
the meaning of... ……的意思
by all means可以；当然行；没问题
I mean it.=I'm serious. 我是认真的。
1．[2024漯河召陵一模]When we are thirsty, it ______（意味着） our bodies need more water.
2．Chinese characters usually have several different parts that work together to tell a story, giving the characters their __________（mean）.
3．I'm sorry, but I didn't mean ________（hurt） you.
4．[2024江苏无锡改编]A boy in my class was ____（刻薄的） to Leo. He threw Leo's note onto the ground.
考点5 辨析lonely与alone
Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老人孤独。（P10）
词汇 词性 含义及用法
lonely 形容词 “孤独的，寂寞的”。强调内心的寂寞和孤单，有浓厚的感彩
“偏僻的”。修饰地点名词
alone 形容词 “单独的，独自的”。强调客观上的单独、独自，不带有感彩，常作表语，不能用在名词前作定语
副词 “独自；单独”。相当于 by oneself，在句中作状语
用lonely或alone填空。
1．[2024郑州四中期中改编]Ben got such a job, but it was hard work! He had to live ______ in a house, on Hamilton Island and spend every day swimming.
2．[2024洛阳洛龙一模]It is OK to feel angry, scared or ________ sometimes. Don't be afraid to ask for help when you're in need.
考点6 辨析raise与rise
For example, we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如，我们可以制订计划去医院看望生病的孩子或者为无家可归的人募捐。（P12）
词汇 含义 示例
raise（vt.）（raised; raised） 募集；征集 raise money for为……筹款 raise an army组建军队
举起；抬起 raise one's hand 举手
增加；提高 raise salaries提高薪水
抚养；养育 raise pets养宠物
rise（vi.）（rose; risen） （日、月、河水、温度等）上升 The river rose by one meter.河水上涨了一米。
增长；上涨 The price rises.价格上涨了。
起来；起床 They rose from the table.他们从餐桌旁站起身。
用raise或rise的适当形式填空。
1．[2024河南改编]Anyone who wants to see the Sun ________ and setting over the Earth will be able to take trips to space.
2．[2024济源一模改编]My dad died when I was three, leaving my mom with the job of ________ nine kids.
3．[2024江西改编]He told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was painful and boring. And he ________ ￡46,000 for charity.
4．[2024江苏连云港改编]The bird's population has ______ from about 3,000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years.
5．[2024江苏无锡改编]If you agree with me, please ______ your hand.
考点7 neither的用法
For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 有一个星期，她不做任何家务，我也不做。（P19）
1．[2024信阳新县三模改编]As for tasks ________ important ____ urgent（紧急的）, we can work on them later. （既不……也不）
2．Places that are difficult to reach will naturally have fewer people. Places that are high on mountain tops are not liked by most people. Neither of the places ________（be） in the middle of hot, dry deserts.
3．Auster didn't have a pencil on him; neither his father ____ anyone else in his group did.
考点8 辨析borrow、lend、keep与return
Could I borrow that book 我能借那本书吗？（P20）
用borrow、lend、keep或return的适当形式填空。
1．To ________ a book and take it home today, a person just needs a library card.
2．Excuse me, can I ____ the novel for a week
3．[2024天津改编]We __________ the books to the library after we read them last week.
4．After I arrived home from school, my mother asked me, “Has Jack __________ the book you ____ him last week ”
考点9 辨析provide、give与offer
It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 为孩子提供一个干净舒适的家庭环境是父母的事情。（P22）
词汇 意义及用法 搭配
provide “提供，供应”，通常指为某人提供所需之物，如生活必需品 provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
give “给，交给”，普通意义上的给予 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
offer “提出，提供”，常指主动提供帮助或服务 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.为某人提供某物
1．All in all, I think studying with a group __________ many chances for me to improve myself and helps me to be a better person.
2．[2024济源一模改编]The City Public Library ________ a lot of fun and educational activities to children all year round.
3．For my birthday, my mother gave a book __ me, and I like it so much.
4．The bus was very crowded. Li Ming ________ his seat to an old man.
考点10 allow的用法
My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends. 我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。（P25）
1．It ________（allow） you to express yourself through any art form you enjoy.
2．You are not ________（allow） to listen to music while doing your homework.
考点11 辨析instead与instead of
He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 他总是不让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。相反，他想看什么就看什么，直到深夜。（P27）
词汇 词性 用法
instead 副词 “代替；反而；却”，修饰句子，位于句首或句末
instead of 介词短语 “代替；而不是”，后面跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式
1．[2024湖南长沙改编]____________ spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”.
2．[2024四川内江改编]This summer, I'm not planning to work. ________, I'm going to have a proper summer holiday.
考点12 compare的用法
And they are always comparing them with other children. 并且他们总是在把他们（自己的孩子）和其他孩子作比较。（P30）
短语 含义及用法
compare...with... “把……和……作比较”（常表示同类相比,是比较）
compare...to... “把……比作……”（常表示异类相比，是比喻）
compared to/with... “与……相比”，通常置于句首，可视为独立成分
1．Children are always full of hope. We often compare them the rising sun.
2．[2024山西改编]Compared the traditional plane, the AG60E electric plane doesn't send out greenhouse gases, and its noise level is much lower.
3．We compared our results theirs, and found they were the same.
考点13 Why don't you... 句型
Why don't you talk to your parents 你为什么不和父母谈谈呢？（P25）
Why don't you do sth. =Why not do sth. 常用来提出自己的建议,意为“你为什么不做某事呢 ”。
拓展 有关提建议的句型及其答语
句型归纳 Would you mind doing sth. 你介意做某事吗？ Shall we do sth. 我们做某事好吗？ Let's do sth.! 让我们做某事吧！ We should do sth.我们应该做某事。 You'd better （not） do sth.你最好（不要）做某事。 It's a good idea to do sth.做某事是一个好主意。
肯定回答 Good idea./That's a good idea./OK./All right./Great./Sure./Of course./Sounds great./...
否定回答 Sorry, I can't./I'd love to, but.../I'm afraid not./...
1．—Why don't you __（go） to my hometown, Xinxian County
—Good idea.
2．[2024洛阳三模改编]—Let's go to buy hanfu for Cathy.
—____________________.
3．[2024河南二模改编]—Some of my classmates are going to the Shared Study Room to read books now. Shall we go with them
—________________________. Let's go.
4．[2024安阳一模改编]When eating low-salt meals, you'd better ________（control） how much you eat.
23．[2024河南二模改编]My father decided that we should ____（wait） inside, hoping the storm would stop.
考点14 begin的用法
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 本正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时雨开始猛烈地击打窗户。（P35）
拓展 beginner n.新手 beginning n.开端
begin with以……开始
at the beginning of在……的开端
1．[2024河南改编]When Vicky got home in the afternoon, she began ______________________（clean） up her bedroom.
2．At the ____________（begin） of this term, we made a plan for our study.
3．[2024山西改编]When you made the paper crane （鹤）, you began ____ a square, and created two rectangles （长方形）.
考点15 against的用法
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 本正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时雨开始猛烈地击打窗户。（P35）
拓展 固定词组
against the law违法 against time争分夺秒
against one's will违背某人的心愿
1．In order to save the Earth, a group of young people have to step forward to start a race ________ time for life and death.
2．[2024江苏扬州改编]Other children were already out on the streets. Some were rolling hoops, others doing handstands（倒立）________ the wall.
3．Many students are against __________（cheat） in exams because it's not fair. Most of them are for __________（study） hard on weekdays.
考点16 辨析sleep、asleep、sleepy与sleeping
He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 凌晨三点左右，当风逐渐减弱，他终于睡着了。（P35）
词汇 词性 含义及用法
sleep 动词/名词 “睡觉” go to sleep去睡觉 I usually go to sleep at 21:00.
asleep 形容词 “睡着的” fall asleep入睡 It is easy for me to fall asleep with soft music.
sleepy 形容词 “瞌睡的，困倦的” a sleepy child一个打瞌睡的孩子 Go to bed if you feel sleepy.
sleeping 形容词 “同住宿有关的，睡觉的” a sleeping bag一个睡袋 This sleeping bag is very warm.
用asleep、sleepy、sleeping或sleep的适当形式填空。
1．[2024河南改编]One day a young boy fell ________ on a rock after he got 100 copper coins.
2．Set up a tent and __________ bags. Set out snacks and drinks. Take turns telling stories.
3．The key to __________ well at night for older people could be how hot or cold their rooms are.
4．A short ______ too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and ________ afterwards.
5．[2024濮阳一模改编]She explained that if she had too much money on her, other homeless people might steal it while she was __________.
考点17 辨析realize、achieve与come true
Kate realized her bag was still at home. 凯特意识到她的包还在家里。（P37）
1．[2024江苏苏州改编]After failing to ____________________（实现） her dream in the capital of Xinjiang, Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a new direction for herself.
2．[2024河北改编]Jeff still works hard though he has __________（achieve） great success.
3．[2024信阳息县二模改编]You may think you are not good at several subjects. These kinds of thoughts stop you from making your dream ____ true.
4．Our country has a proud record of sporting ________________（achieve）.
考点18 so...that...的用法
I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that. 我很害怕，以至于从那以后我几乎不能清晰地思考。（P38）
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。so为副词,修饰形容词或副词。结构如下:
①so+adj./adv.+that从句
Jim ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.
②so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句
It was so good a movie that I went to watch it several times.
拓展 such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,such修饰名词。结构如下:
①such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句
②such+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
注意 当名词前有表示数量的many、much、few、little修饰时，只能用so，不能用such。即so many/few/much/little+名词+that从句。用so或such填空。
1．The road was normally two lanes（车道） going in each direction, but there was __ much snow that it was down to one lane.
2．It's ____ an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress properly.
3．[2024陕西改编]The Turtle hit it with ____ force that he broke into little pieces.
4．Jim ran __ fast that none of us could catch up with him.
5．I have __ much work to do that I can't go to the movies with you tonight.
基础练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Missing the bus means ________（wait） for another twenty minutes.
2．The officer tried to tell villagers the ____________（important） of protecting birds and other wild animals.
3．I think you should think it over before you make a __________（decide）.
4．When you're ________ sad, there are some ways to make you good about yourself. You can keep a diary. Close your eyes and let your imagination fly! It usually helps to express your ____________.（feel）
5．Yesterday, Mark in bed, and to his mother that he couldn't go to school because of his fever. Just then his father saw Mark in bed. He immediately took his son's temperature. And he found Mark told a .（lie）
6．Can you （pass） me that new book I want to have a look.
7．My brother shouted at me ________（angry）, but I didn't know what happened.
8．Our country is ____________（develop） very quickly now.
9．It's ________（fair）to let parents do all the housework. We should share it.
10．To my __________（surprise）， she finished her work on time.
11．“We will go to Shanghai as soon as the holiday ________（start）,” the mother told her children.
12．Journey to the West, which is a ______________（tradition） Chinese book, is loved by many people, and it tells one of the most popular stories in China.
13．When I heard the song, it suddenly__________（remind） me of the old days and the love of my family.
14．It was ____________ that the three Chinese astronauts landed on the earth safely an hour ago. Listen! A __________ from CCTV is ____________ the latest news.（report）
二、句子盲填。
1．I got ______ strong feeling of satisfaction from my volunteer work.
2．Ms. Green is my best friend. She often helps me to bring out the ____ in me.
3．Although Mark's father is truly busy ____ his work, he still exercises every day.
4．The app is kind of strange for me. So I wonder ____ it works.
5．You should read the instructions carefully ________ you take the medicine.
6．Mary will make a plan __ soon as she finishes her homework.
7．He can take good care himself when his parents go to another city to work.
8．In order help her mother do some housework, she raced home quickly after school.
9．Fresh water is important. Life on Earth depends it.
10．Why ______ you talk to your parents when you have some trouble
11． a funny story! I can't help laughing when reading it.
12．It's very dangerous for boys and girls to go out to meet net friends ________ you are with your parents.
13．It was an interesting book that everyone would like to read it.
14．In our music class, Mrs. Smith told us a funny story instead teaching us English songs.
15．The students are asked to match the books ________ the authors.
三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
situation rest itself stomachache
1．Peter had a ______________ in English class because he ate something that had gone bad.
2．The story ________ is very good, but you didn't tell it to us well.
3．As she got older, she felt that she needed to get away from her uncomfortable ____________.
4．He felt really tired and ________ himself against the wall for a short time.
四、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
work argue drop compete allow
1．I used to ______ a lot with my parents， but now I don't.
2．Bad luck!I ________ my sunglasses into the water just now.
3．Teenagers should ____________ to choose their own clothes.
4．Soccer is by far the world's most popular sport. Every four years，nearly every country in the world __________ for the World Cup.
5．Though it was late, they continued ________.
五、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
wind heavy whole ice realize
1．She lived a hard life for many years. Luckily, her ______ family supported her.
2．Only after you lose your health, will you ________ the important meaning of health.
3．The weatherman says a strong ____ will blow over our city and reach the southern sea surface.
4．It was raining so ________ that we had no other choices but to stay at home.
5．The roads are ____ because of the snow. You'd better be careful.专题05.八年级下册（Units1-6）核心词汇、句型、考点总汇及精练
一
一．重点单词
Unit 1
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1.问题；事情 n.　matter　
2.颈；脖子 n.　neck　
3.发烧 n.　fever　
发烧/感冒　have a fever/cold　
4.放松；休息 v. & n.　rest　
休息　have/take a rest　
5.咳嗽 n. & v.　cough　
6.牙痛 n.　toothache　
7.头痛 n.　headache　
8.乘客；旅客 n.　passenger　
9.问题；苦恼 n.　trouble　
在写字方面有困难 　have trouble in writing　
陷入困境　be in/get into trouble　
10.生病的；有病的 adj.　sick　
11.膝；膝盖 n.　knee　
12.危险；风险；冒险 n. & v.　risk　
他们冒着生命危险 　they risk/risked their lives　
13.千克；公斤 n.　kilo　
14.情况；状况 n.　situation　
15.血 n.　blood　
流血；失血 v.　bleed（bled，bled）　
16.意思是；打算；意欲 v.　mean　
17.限制；约束；管理 n. & v.　control　
18.勇气；意志；精神 n.　spirit　
19.护士 n.　nurse　
Unit 2
1.标志；信号 n.　sign　
2.通知；通告；注意 n.　注意到；意识到 v.　notice　
3.几个；数个；一些 pron.　several　
4.（尤指长途）旅行；行程 n.　journey　
5.募集；征集 v.　raise　
6.修理；修补 v.　repair　
7.修理；安装 v.　fix　
8.车轮；轮子 n.　wheel　
9.信；函 n.　letter　
10.瞎的；失明的 adj.　blind　
11.聋的 adj.　deaf　
12.门 n.　door　
13.聪明的；聪颖的 adj.　clever　
14.变化；改变 v. & n.　change　
15.兴趣；关注 n.　使感兴趣；使关注 v.　interest　
课标新增
1.咽喉；喉咙 n.　throat　
2.（交通）事故；意外遭遇 n.　accident　
3.疼痛的；酸痛的 adj.　sore　
4.高兴；愉快 n.　joy　
5.夫人；女士 n.　madam　
6.义务做；自愿做 v.　志愿者 n.　volunteer　
二．词汇拓展
1.stomach（n.）→　stomachs　（pl.）胃；腹部→　stomachache　（n.）胃痛；腹痛
　have a stomachache　胃痛
2.foot（n.）→　feet　（pl.）脚；足；英尺　on foot　步行
3.knife（n.）→　knives　（pl.）刀
4.hit（v.）→　hit　（过去式/过去分词）→　hitting　（现在分词）击；打
5.feel（v.）→　felt　（过去式/过去分词）感受；觉得→　feeling　（n.）感觉；感触
6.satisfy（v.）→　satisfied　（adj.）满意的；满足的
7.imagine（v.）→　imagination　（n.）想象力　imagine doing sth.　想象做某事
8.carry（v.）→　carried　（过去式/过去分词）拿；提；扛　carry on　继续；开展；参与
9.lone（adj.）→　alone　（adj. & adv.）单独的（地）；独自的（地）→　lonely　（adj.）孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的
10.lie（v.）→　lay　（过去式）→　lain　（过去分词）→　lying　（现在分词）躺；平躺；位于
　lie down　躺下
11.hurt（v.）→　hurt　（过去式/过去分词）（使）疼痛；受伤（adj.）（身体上）受伤的
　get hurt　受伤
12.kind（adj. & n.）→　kindness　（n.）仁慈；善良
13.control（v. & n.）→　controlled　（过去式/过去分词） 控制；管理　be in control of　掌控；管理
　out of control/lose control of　 失去控制
14.cheer（v. & n.）→　cheerful　（adj.） 高兴的　cheer up　振奋起来；使变得高兴
15.volunteer（v.）→　voluntary　（adj.）自愿的；主动的[新课标]
三．重点词块
1.量体温 　take one’s temperature　
2.下车 　get off　
3.使某人惊讶的是；出乎某人的意料 　to one’s surprise　
4.陷入；参与 　get into　
5.立即；马上　 right away　
6.冒险　take risks/take a risk　
7.用尽；耗尽　run out of　
8.切除　cut off　
9.离开；从……出来　get out of　
10.放弃　give up　
11.打扫干净 　clean up　
12.分发　give out/hand out　
13.赠送；捐赠　give away　
14.想出；提出 　come up with　
15.推迟　put off　
16.打电话给（某人）；征召　call up　
17.照顾；非常喜欢 　care for　
18.参加……选拔；试用 　try out　
19.修理；装饰 　fix up　
20.（外貌或行为）像　take after　
21.建立；设立 　set up　
22.影响；有作用　make a difference　
23.习惯于……；适应于…… 　be used to　
24.曾经……；过去…… 　used to　
25.毫不犹豫 　without thinking twice　
26.在……上敷些药 　put some medicine on　
27.及时 　in time　
28.有心脏病 　have a heart problem　
29.失去生命 　lose one’s life　
30.独自；单独 　by oneself　
31.做决定 　make a decision/decisions　
32.奏效 　work out fine　
33.在这种情况下 　in the situation　
34.在午夜 　at midnight　
35.……的重要性 　the importance of　
36.在……岁时 　at the age of　
四．情景交际
看病就医
－1.　What’s the matter/What’s wrong （with you）　？
－I have a stomachache.
－2.　How long have you been like this　？
－Ever since last night.
谈论健康
－I hurt myself when I played basketball yesterday.3.　What should I do　？（我该做什么？）
－You should see a doctor and get an X-ray.
二
一．重点单词
Unit 3
1.垃圾；废弃物 n.　rubbish　
2.地板 n.　floor　
3.杂乱；不整洁 n.　mess　
一团糟　in a mess　
4.也不 adv.　两者都不 pron.　neither　
5.衬衫 n.　shirt　
6.给；递；走过；通过 v.　pass　
7.借；借用 v.　borrow　
8.手指 n.　finger　
9. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而 conj.　while　
10.浪费；垃圾 n.　浪费；滥用 v.　waste　
11.提供；供应 v.　provide　
12.而且；加之 adv.　anyway　
13.邻居n.　neighbor　
Unit 4
1.允许；准许 v.　allow　
允许我们打篮球 　allow us to play basketball　
2.有毛病；错误的 adj.　wrong　
3.猜测；估计 v.　guess　
4.年纪较长的 adj.　elder　
5.代替；反而；却 adv.　instead　
6.任何；每一 pron.　whatever　
7.焦虑的；担忧的 adj.　nervous　
8.主动提出；自愿给予 v.　offer　
主动提出整理床铺 　offer to make the bed　
9.正确的；恰当的 adj.　proper　
10.清楚易懂的；晴朗的 adj.　clear　
11.抄袭；模仿；复制；复印 v.　copy　
12.归还；回来；返回 v.　return　
13.成员；分子 n.　member　
14.技艺；技巧 n.　skill　
15.（美式）橄榄球；足球 n.　football　
16.快的；迅速的；时间短暂的 adj.　quick　
17.持续；继续存在 v.　continue　
18.比较 v.　compare　
19.不理智的；疯狂的 adj.　crazy　
20.鞭策；督促；推动 v.　push　
21.造成；引起 v.　cause　
课标新增
1.杂务；乏味无聊的工作 n.　chore　
2.点心；小吃；快餐 n.　snack　
3.意见；想法；看法 n.　opinion　
二．词汇拓展
1.throw（v.）→　threw　（过去式）→　thrown　（过去分词）扔；掷　throw away　 扔掉
2.lend（v.）→　lent　（过去式/过去分词）借给，借出
3.depend（v.）→　dependence　（n.）依靠→　dependent　（adj.）依赖的→　 independent　（adj.）独立的　depend on　 依靠；信赖
4.develop（v.）→　development　（n.）发展；发育　develop a good habit　 养成一个好习惯
　with the development of...　 随着……的发展
5.argue（v.）→　argument　（n.）争吵；争论　argue with sb.　 和某人争吵
6.communicate（v.）→　communication　（n.）交流；沟通　communicate with sb.　和某人交流
7.explain（v.）→　explanation　（n.）解释；说明　explain sth. to sb.　向某人解释某事
8.hate（v.）→　hater　（n.）痛恨……的人
9.fair（adj.）→　unfair　（反义词）不合理的；不公正的（n.）展销会；交易会
10.deal （v.）→　dealt　（过去式/过去分词）对付；对待；发牌（n.）协议；交易
　deal with　应对；处理　big deal　重要的事
11.drop（v. & n.）→　dropped　（过去式/过去分词）→　dropping　（现在分词）落下；掉下；降低；放弃　drop in　顺便拜访
12.compete（v.）→　competition　（n.）比赛；竞争；竞赛
13.sweep（v.）→　swept　（过去式/过去分词）扫；打扫[新课标]
14.stress（n.）→　stressful　（adj.）紧张的；压力大的
15.press（v.）→　pressure　（n.）压力[新课标]
三．重点词块
1.做家务 　do chores　
2.频繁；反复；一直，始终　 all the time　
3.一……就……　 as soon as/the minute　
4.成功地发展；解决 　work out　
5.和睦相处；关系良好　get on with　
6.删除；删去　cut out　
7.依某人看 　in one’s opinion　
8.目的是；为了 　in order to　
9.倒垃圾 　take out the rubbish　
10.扫地 　sweep the floor　
11.结果 　as a result　
12.快速查看；浏览　look through　
13.与某人打架 　get into a fight with sb./fight with sb.　
14.搭便车 　get a ride　
15.过来；顺便拜访 　come over　
16.参加课外活动 　join after-school activities　
四．重点句型
1.孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。　The earlier　 kids learn to be independent， 　the better　 it is for their future.
2.做家务有助于培养孩子们的独立意识，并教会他们如何照顾自己。Doing chores helps to 　develop children’s independence　 and teaches them how to look after themselves.
3.我的问题是我不能和家人和睦相处。My problem is that 　I can’t get on with my family　.
4.虽然想要成功的孩子是正常的，但更重要的是拥有快乐的孩子。Although it’s normal to want successful children， 　it’s even more important to　 have happy children.
五．情景交际
请求与允许
1.－Excuse me， 　may/could I use your computer　？（我可以用你的电脑吗？）
－Sorry， I am going to work on my computer.
2.－Could I go out for dinner with my friends？
－　No， you can’t　. You have a basketball game tomorrow and you have to prepare for it.
提出建议
3.－What’s the matter， Peter？
－I had a fight with my best friend. What should I do？
－　Why don’t you/Why not call him so that you can say you’re sorry　？（你为什么不给他打电话呢？这样你就可以说抱歉了。）
－You are right. Thanks for your advice.
三
一．重点单词
Unit 5
1.暴风雨 n.　storm　
2.地域； 地区 n.　area　
3.窗； 窗户 n.　window　
4.倚； 碰； 撞 prep.　against　
5.睡着 adj.　asleep　
6.理解； 领会； 认识到 v.　realize　
7.章节； 段落 n.　passage　
8.学生 n.　pupil　
9.日期； 日子 n.　date　
10.塔； 塔楼 n.　tower　
11.实情； 事实 n. 　truth　
Unit 6
1.石头 n.　stone　
2.一点； 小块 n.　bit　
有点儿；稍微 　a bit　
3.愚蠢的； 不明事理的 adj.　silly　
4.物体； 物品 n.　反对 v.　object　
5.尾巴 n.　tail　
6.（尤指）夫妻； 两人； 两件事物 n.　couple　
7.笑； 微笑 v. & n.　smile　
8.丝绸； 丝织物 n.　silk　
9.愚蠢的 adj.　stupid　
10.丈夫 n.　husband　
11.全部的； 整体的 adj.　whole　
12.光亮地； 明亮地 adv.　明亮的； 光线充足的 adj.　bright　
13.地； 地面 n.　ground　
14.声音 n.　voice　
课标新增
1.闹钟 n.　alarm　
2.神；上帝 n.　god/God　
3.王子 n.　prince　
公主 n.　princess　
4.皇帝 n.　emperor　
皇后；女皇 n.　empress　
5.提醒；使想起 v.　remind　
使某人想起某事/某物　remind sb. of sth.　
6.欺骗；蒙骗 v.　骗子 n.　cheat　
二．词汇拓展
1.wood（n.）→　wooden　（adj.）木头的
2.silence（n.）→　silent　（adj.）沉默的
3.wife（n.）→　wives　（pl.）妻子；太太
4.match（n.）→　matches　（pl.）火柴；比赛；相配的人/物（v.）匹配；相配
5.ice（n.）→　icy　（adj.）冰冷的；覆盖着冰的
6.beat（v.）→　beat　（过去式）→　beaten　（过去分词）打，击打；（在比赛中）打败（某人）
7.hide（v.）→　hid　（过去式）→　hidden　（过去分词）躲藏；遮挡；隐瞒
8.marry（v.）→　married　（过去式/过去分词）结婚→　married　（adj.）已婚的→　marriage　（n.）婚姻
9.shine（v.）→　shone　（过去式/过去分词）发光；照耀→　shiny　（adj.）闪耀的
10.lead（v.）→　led　（过去式/过去分词）率领，领导；带路，引领→　leader　（n.）领导者，领袖
　lead to　导致
11.fit（v.）→　fitted　（过去式/过去分词）→　fitting　（现在分词）适合；合身（adj.）健康的；合适的　keep fit　保持健康
12.sudden（adj.）→　suddenly　（adv.）忽然；突然
13.strange（adj.）→　stranger　（n.）陌生人
14.weak（adj.）→　weakness　（n.）软弱；虚弱　be weak in　不擅长
15.brave（adj.）→　bravely　（adv.）勇敢地
16.rise（v. & n.）→　rose　（过去式）→　risen　（过去分词）升起；增加；提高
17.stick（v.）→　stuck　（过去式/过去分词）粘贴，粘住；刺入（n.）木棒（棍）；枝条
　stick to （doing） sth.　坚持（做）某事
18.gold（n. & adj.）→　golden　（adj.）金色的
19.begin（v.）→　began　（过去式）→　begun　（过去分词）开始
20.west（n. & adj. & adv.）→　western/Western　（adj.）西方（国家）的；（尤指）欧美的
21.light（v.）→　lit/lighted　（过去式/过去分词）点燃；使明亮（adj.）→　lightly　（adv.）轻柔地；轻轻地n.）光；光线；光亮；灯
22.shock（v.）→　shocked　（adj.）惊愕的；震惊的
23.recent（adj.）→　recently　（adv.）不久前；最近
24.shoot（v.）→　shot　（过去式/过去分词）射击；发射[新课标]
三．重点词块
1.（闹钟）发出响声；离开；（电灯）熄灭；（电）中断 　go off　
2.接电话；拿起；（偶然）得到 　pick up　
3.在困难时期　in times of difficulty　
4.前往；费力地前进 　make one’s way　
5.进入梦乡；睡着 　fall asleep　
6.逐渐变弱；逐渐消失 　die down　
7.放弃 　give up　
8.拆除；往下拽；记录 　take down　
9.首先；最初 　at first　
10.代替；反而 　instead of　
11.变成 　turn...into　
12.从前　once upon a time　
13.爱上；喜欢上 　fall in love　
14.在历史上 　in history　
15.在六年级 　in the sixth grade/in Grade Six　
四．重点句型
1.那是我此生最快乐的一天！It was 　the happiest day of　 my life！
2.虽然这场暴风雨把许多东西破坏了，但它使家人和邻居们之间更加亲密。Although the storm broke many things apart， it 　brought families and neighbors closer together　.
3.愚公的故事试图告诉我们，如果你努力工作，一切皆有可能！The story of Yu Gong is trying to show us that 　anything is possible if you work hard　！
4.这个故事提醒我们，你永远不会知道什么是可能的，除非你努力让它发生。This story reminds us that you will never know what’s possible 　unless you try to make it happen　.
五．情景交际
谈论过去的事
－　What were you doing at seven last night　？（昨天晚上7点你在做什么？）
－I was in the kitchen helping my mom make dinner.
四
考点精讲练
考点1 matter的用法
What's the matter with Judy 朱迪怎么了？（P1）
拓展 “What's the matter with sb. ”询问某人的身体状况，其常见答语：“人+have/has a+表示疾病或病痛的名词”。如：She has a fever/headache/stomachache.
1．[2024济源一模改编]No ________ what I did, some people expected me to fail.
[答案]matter
2．[2024驻马店驿城期中改编]No matter ____ you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are.
[答案]who
3．[2024四川南充改编]Whether you're practising or playing a competition, remember it is the joy that ________.
[答案]matters
4．[2024江苏无锡改编]This is not a matter __ being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older.
[答案]of
5．[2024山西改编]It is a great joy and a ________（事情） of pride to see China's high technology is brightly shining from the sky to the ground.
[答案]matter
考点2 rest的用法
I think you should lie down and rest. 我认为你应该躺下休息。（P2）
1．[2024甘肃改编]—You must be very tired after finishing all of those hard jobs.
—Yes. I'll take a deep____（休息） and make myself comfortable.
[答案]rest
2．When asked about her new school, Amy said, “Well, the chemistry teacher is kind of strict, but the rest ____ OK.”
[答案]are
考点3 trouble的用法
“It's sad that many people don't want to help others because they don't want any trouble,” says one passenger. 一名乘客说：“令人伤心的是，许多人不想要帮助别人，因为他们不想要任何麻烦。”（P3）
含义 常用短语或搭配
n.问题；忧虑；苦恼；困难；困境 be in trouble 处于困境之中
be out of trouble 摆脱困境
get into trouble 陷入困境
have trouble doing sth. 做某事有困难
have trouble with sth. 在某事上有麻烦或困难
v.麻烦；使烦恼 trouble sb. with sth. 为某事麻烦某人
trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
拓展 辨析trouble与problem
1.trouble（麻烦）指的是一种困扰、困难或不便，是由某种情况或行动而导致的麻烦。
2.problem（问题）指的是一个具体的困难、难题或疑惑，需要解决或处理。
1．During seven years' period, people were thankful for his generosity（慷慨）—wherever he went, he helped the poor and people ____________（处于困境中）.
[答案]in trouble
2．I don't want to trouble the doctor ____ such a small problem.
[答案]with
3．Do you have trouble __________（sleep） If your answer is yes, you are probably facing a lot of stress and you may need help.
[答案]sleeping
4．“Excuse me. Could I trouble you ________（open） the window, please ” the girl said politely.
[答案]to open
5．Whenever I have trouble ____ my studies, my teachers always help me patiently.
[答案]with
考点4 mean的用法
This means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem to get out of. 它的意思是处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中。（P6）
拓展
meaning n.意思；意义
the meaning of... ……的意思
by all means可以；当然行；没问题
I mean it.=I'm serious. 我是认真的。
1．[2024漯河召陵一模]When we are thirsty, it ______（意味着） our bodies need more water.
[答案]means
2．Chinese characters usually have several different parts that work together to tell a story, giving the characters their __________（mean）.
[答案]meanings
3．I'm sorry, but I didn't mean ________（hurt） you.
[答案]to hurt
4．[2024江苏无锡改编]A boy in my class was ____（刻薄的） to Leo. He threw Leo's note onto the ground.
[答案]mean
考点5 辨析lonely与alone
Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老人孤独。（P10）
词汇 词性 含义及用法
lonely 形容词 “孤独的，寂寞的”。强调内心的寂寞和孤单，有浓厚的感彩
“偏僻的”。修饰地点名词
alone 形容词 “单独的，独自的”。强调客观上的单独、独自，不带有感彩，常作表语，不能用在名词前作定语
副词 “独自；单独”。相当于 by oneself，在句中作状语
用lonely或alone填空。
1．[2024郑州四中期中改编]Ben got such a job, but it was hard work! He had to live ______ in a house, on Hamilton Island and spend every day swimming.
[答案]alone
2．[2024洛阳洛龙一模]It is OK to feel angry, scared or ________ sometimes. Don't be afraid to ask for help when you're in need.
[答案]lonely
考点6 辨析raise与rise
For example, we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如，我们可以制订计划去医院看望生病的孩子或者为无家可归的人募捐。（P12）
词汇 含义 示例
raise（vt.）（raised; raised） 募集；征集 raise money for为……筹款 raise an army组建军队
举起；抬起 raise one's hand 举手
增加；提高 raise salaries提高薪水
抚养；养育 raise pets养宠物
rise（vi.）（rose; risen） （日、月、河水、温度等）上升 The river rose by one meter.河水上涨了一米。
增长；上涨 The price rises.价格上涨了。
起来；起床 They rose from the table.他们从餐桌旁站起身。
用raise或rise的适当形式填空。
1．[2024河南改编]Anyone who wants to see the Sun ________ and setting over the Earth will be able to take trips to space.
[答案]rising
2．[2024济源一模改编]My dad died when I was three, leaving my mom with the job of ________ nine kids.
[答案]raising
3．[2024江西改编]He told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was painful and boring. And he ________ ￡46,000 for charity.
[答案]raised
4．[2024江苏连云港改编]The bird's population has ______ from about 3,000 to more than 5,000 over the past 20 years.
[答案]risen
5．[2024江苏无锡改编]If you agree with me, please ______ your hand.
[答案]raise
考点7 neither的用法
For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. 有一个星期，她不做任何家务，我也不做。（P19）
1．[2024信阳新县三模改编]As for tasks ________ important ____ urgent（紧急的）, we can work on them later. （既不……也不）
[答案]neither； nor
2．Places that are difficult to reach will naturally have fewer people. Places that are high on mountain tops are not liked by most people. Neither of the places ________（be） in the middle of hot, dry deserts.
[答案]is/are
3．Auster didn't have a pencil on him; neither his father ____ anyone else in his group did.
[答案]nor
考点8 辨析borrow、lend、keep与return
Could I borrow that book 我能借那本书吗？（P20）
用borrow、lend、keep或return的适当形式填空。
1．To ________ a book and take it home today, a person just needs a library card.
[答案]borrow
2．Excuse me, can I ____ the novel for a week
[答案]keep
3．[2024天津改编]We __________ the books to the library after we read them last week.
[答案]returned
4．After I arrived home from school, my mother asked me, “Has Jack __________ the book you ____ him last week ”
[答案]returned； lent
考点9 辨析provide、give与offer
It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 为孩子提供一个干净舒适的家庭环境是父母的事情。（P22）
词汇 意义及用法 搭配
provide “提供，供应”，通常指为某人提供所需之物，如生活必需品 provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
give “给，交给”，普通意义上的给予 give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
offer “提出，提供”，常指主动提供帮助或服务 offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb.为某人提供某物
1．All in all, I think studying with a group __________ many chances for me to improve myself and helps me to be a better person.
[答案]provides
2．[2024济源一模改编]The City Public Library ________ a lot of fun and educational activities to children all year round.
[答案]offers
3．For my birthday, my mother gave a book __ me, and I like it so much.
[答案]to
4．The bus was very crowded. Li Ming ________ his seat to an old man.
[答案]offered
考点10 allow的用法
My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends. 我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。（P25）
1．It ________（allow） you to express yourself through any art form you enjoy.
[答案]allows
2．You are not ________（allow） to listen to music while doing your homework.
[答案]allowed
考点11 辨析instead与instead of
He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night. 他总是不让我看我最喜欢的电视节目。相反，他想看什么就看什么，直到深夜。（P27）
词汇 词性 用法
instead 副词 “代替；反而；却”，修饰句子，位于句首或句末
instead of 介词短语 “代替；而不是”，后面跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式
1．[2024湖南长沙改编]____________ spending hours on the playground, people break that “large meal” into exercise “snacks”.
[答案]Instead of
2．[2024四川内江改编]This summer, I'm not planning to work. ________, I'm going to have a proper summer holiday.
[答案]Instead
考点12 compare的用法
And they are always comparing them with other children. 并且他们总是在把他们（自己的孩子）和其他孩子作比较。（P30）
短语 含义及用法
compare...with... “把……和……作比较”（常表示同类相比,是比较）
compare...to... “把……比作……”（常表示异类相比，是比喻）
compared to/with... “与……相比”，通常置于句首，可视为独立成分
1．Children are always full of hope. We often compare them the rising sun.
[答案]to
2．[2024山西改编]Compared the traditional plane, the AG60E electric plane doesn't send out greenhouse gases, and its noise level is much lower.
[答案]with
3．We compared our results theirs, and found they were the same.
[答案]with
考点13 Why don't you... 句型
Why don't you talk to your parents 你为什么不和父母谈谈呢？（P25）
Why don't you do sth. =Why not do sth. 常用来提出自己的建议,意为“你为什么不做某事呢 ”。
拓展 有关提建议的句型及其答语
句型归纳 Would you mind doing sth. 你介意做某事吗？ Shall we do sth. 我们做某事好吗？ Let's do sth.! 让我们做某事吧！ We should do sth.我们应该做某事。 You'd better （not） do sth.你最好（不要）做某事。 It's a good idea to do sth.做某事是一个好主意。
肯定回答 Good idea./That's a good idea./OK./All right./Great./Sure./Of course./Sounds great./...
否定回答 Sorry, I can't./I'd love to, but.../I'm afraid not./...
1．—Why don't you __（go） to my hometown, Xinxian County
—Good idea.
[答案]go
2．[2024洛阳三模改编]—Let's go to buy hanfu for Cathy.
—____________________.
[答案]OK/Good idea/...
3．[2024河南二模改编]—Some of my classmates are going to the Shared Study Room to read books now. Shall we go with them
—________________________. Let's go.
[答案]Sure/Great/Yes/...
4．[2024安阳一模改编]When eating low-salt meals, you'd better ________（control） how much you eat.
[答案]control
23．[2024河南二模改编]My father decided that we should ____（wait） inside, hoping the storm would stop.
[答案]wait
考点14 begin的用法
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 本正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时雨开始猛烈地击打窗户。（P35）
拓展 beginner n.新手 beginning n.开端
begin with以……开始
at the beginning of在……的开端
1．[2024河南改编]When Vicky got home in the afternoon, she began ______________________（clean） up her bedroom.
[答案]cleaning/to clean
2．At the ____________（begin） of this term, we made a plan for our study.
[答案]beginning
3．[2024山西改编]When you made the paper crane （鹤）, you began ____ a square, and created two rectangles （长方形）.
[答案]with
考点15 against的用法
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. 本正在帮妈妈做晚饭，这时雨开始猛烈地击打窗户。（P35）
拓展 固定词组
against the law违法 against time争分夺秒
against one's will违背某人的心愿
1．In order to save the Earth, a group of young people have to step forward to start a race ________ time for life and death.
[答案]against
2．[2024江苏扬州改编]Other children were already out on the streets. Some were rolling hoops, others doing handstands（倒立）________ the wall.
[答案]against
3．Many students are against __________（cheat） in exams because it's not fair. Most of them are for __________（study） hard on weekdays.
[答案]cheating； studying
考点16 辨析sleep、asleep、sleepy与sleeping
He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. 凌晨三点左右，当风逐渐减弱，他终于睡着了。（P35）
词汇 词性 含义及用法
sleep 动词/名词 “睡觉” go to sleep去睡觉 I usually go to sleep at 21:00.
asleep 形容词 “睡着的” fall asleep入睡 It is easy for me to fall asleep with soft music.
sleepy 形容词 “瞌睡的，困倦的” a sleepy child一个打瞌睡的孩子 Go to bed if you feel sleepy.
sleeping 形容词 “同住宿有关的，睡觉的” a sleeping bag一个睡袋 This sleeping bag is very warm.
用asleep、sleepy、sleeping或sleep的适当形式填空。
1．[2024河南改编]One day a young boy fell ________ on a rock after he got 100 copper coins.
[答案]asleep
2．Set up a tent and __________ bags. Set out snacks and drinks. Take turns telling stories.
[答案]sleeping
3．The key to __________ well at night for older people could be how hot or cold their rooms are.
[答案]sleeping
4．A short ______ too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and ________ afterwards.
[答案]sleep； sleepy
5．[2024濮阳一模改编]She explained that if she had too much money on her, other homeless people might steal it while she was __________.
[答案]sleeping
考点17 辨析realize、achieve与come true
Kate realized her bag was still at home. 凯特意识到她的包还在家里。（P37）
1．[2024江苏苏州改编]After failing to ____________________（实现） her dream in the capital of Xinjiang, Li has to move back to her hometown and tries to find a new direction for herself.
[答案]achieve/realize
2．[2024河北改编]Jeff still works hard though he has __________（achieve） great success.
[答案]achieved
3．[2024信阳息县二模改编]You may think you are not good at several subjects. These kinds of thoughts stop you from making your dream ____ true.
[答案]come
4．Our country has a proud record of sporting ________________（achieve）.
[答案]achievements
考点18 so...that...的用法
I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that. 我很害怕，以至于从那以后我几乎不能清晰地思考。（P38）
so...that...意为“如此……以至于……”。so为副词,修饰形容词或副词。结构如下:
①so+adj./adv.+that从句
Jim ran so fast that I couldn't catch him.
②so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句
It was so good a movie that I went to watch it several times.
拓展 such...that...意为“如此……以至于……”,such修饰名词。结构如下:
①such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that从句
②such+adj.+名词复数/不可数名词+that从句
注意 当名词前有表示数量的many、much、few、little修饰时，只能用so，不能用such。即so many/few/much/little+名词+that从句。用so或such填空。
1．The road was normally two lanes（车道） going in each direction, but there was __ much snow that it was down to one lane.
[答案]so
2．It's ____ an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress properly.
[答案]such
3．[2024陕西改编]The Turtle hit it with ____ force that he broke into little pieces.
[答案]such
4．Jim ran __ fast that none of us could catch up with him.
[答案]so
5．I have __ much work to do that I can't go to the movies with you tonight.
[答案]so
基础练
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1．Missing the bus means ________（wait） for another twenty minutes.
[答案]waiting
2．The officer tried to tell villagers the ____________（important） of protecting birds and other wild animals.
[答案]importance
3．I think you should think it over before you make a __________（decide）.
[答案]decision
4．When you're ________ sad, there are some ways to make you good about yourself. You can keep a diary. Close your eyes and let your imagination fly! It usually helps to express your ____________.（feel）
[答案]feeling； feel； feeling（s）
5．Yesterday, Mark in bed, and to his mother that he couldn't go to school because of his fever. Just then his father saw Mark in bed. He immediately took his son's temperature. And he found Mark told a .（lie）
[答案]lay； lied； lying； lie
6．Can you （pass） me that new book I want to have a look.
[答案]pass
7．My brother shouted at me ________（angry）, but I didn't know what happened.
[答案]angrily
8．Our country is ____________（develop） very quickly now.
[答案]developing
9．It's ________（fair）to let parents do all the housework. We should share it.
[答案]unfair
10．To my __________（surprise）， she finished her work on time.
[答案]surprise
11．“We will go to Shanghai as soon as the holiday ________（start）,” the mother told her children.
[答案]starts
12．Journey to the West, which is a ______________（tradition） Chinese book, is loved by many people, and it tells one of the most popular stories in China.
[答案]traditional
13．When I heard the song, it suddenly__________（remind） me of the old days and the love of my family.
[答案]reminded
14．It was ____________ that the three Chinese astronauts landed on the earth safely an hour ago. Listen! A __________ from CCTV is ____________ the latest news.（report）
[答案]reported； reporter； reporting
二、句子盲填。
1．I got ______ strong feeling of satisfaction from my volunteer work.
[答案]a
2．Ms. Green is my best friend. She often helps me to bring out the ____ in me.
[答案]best
3．Although Mark's father is truly busy ____ his work, he still exercises every day.
[答案]with
4．The app is kind of strange for me. So I wonder ____ it works.
[答案]how
5．You should read the instructions carefully ________ you take the medicine.
[答案]before
6．Mary will make a plan __ soon as she finishes her homework.
[答案]as
7．He can take good care himself when his parents go to another city to work.
[答案]of
8．In order help her mother do some housework, she raced home quickly after school.
[答案]to
9．Fresh water is important. Life on Earth depends it.
[答案]on
10．Why ______ you talk to your parents when you have some trouble
[答案]don't
11． a funny story! I can't help laughing when reading it.
[答案]What
12．It's very dangerous for boys and girls to go out to meet net friends ________ you are with your parents.
[答案]unless
13．It was an interesting book that everyone would like to read it.
[答案]such
14．In our music class, Mrs. Smith told us a funny story instead teaching us English songs.
[答案]of
15．The students are asked to match the books ________ the authors.
[答案]with/to
三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
situation rest itself stomachache
1．Peter had a ______________ in English class because he ate something that had gone bad.
2．The story ________ is very good, but you didn't tell it to us well.
3．As she got older, she felt that she needed to get away from her uncomfortable ____________.
4．He felt really tired and ________ himself against the wall for a short time.
[答案]1．stomachache2．itself3．situation4．rested
四、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
work argue drop compete allow
1．I used to ______ a lot with my parents， but now I don't.
2．Bad luck!I ________ my sunglasses into the water just now.
3．Teenagers should ____________ to choose their own clothes.
4．Soccer is by far the world's most popular sport. Every four years，nearly every country in the world __________ for the World Cup.
5．Though it was late, they continued ________.
[答案]1．argue2．dropped3．be allowed4．competes5．working
五、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
wind heavy whole ice realize
1．She lived a hard life for many years. Luckily, her ______ family supported her.
2．Only after you lose your health, will you ________ the important meaning of health.
3．The weatherman says a strong ____ will blow over our city and reach the southern sea surface.
4．It was raining so ________ that we had no other choices but to stay at home.
5．The roads are ____ because of the snow. You'd better be careful.
[答案]1．whole2．realize3．wind4．heavily5．icy

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