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高一下学期英语外研版（2019）期末达标测试卷B卷
考试时间：120分钟
满分：150分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man ask Alice to do
A. Check her email.
B. Turn the sound down.
C. Pay attention to the lesson.
2. How does the boy sound
A. Upset. B. Confused. C. Excited.
3. Where does the conversation take place
A. At a bus stop.
B. At the taxi stand.
C. At the underground car park.
4. What do we know about the man
A. He left his friend's dictionary at home.
B. He bought two dictionaries.
C. He used a friend's dictionary.
5. What did the woman decide to do
A. Sell her house.
B. Go back to college.
C. Move to another city.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What do the speakers consider doing
A. Changing the suppliers.
B. Updating the schedule.
C. Contacting the client.
7. Why does the man suggest having a meeting
A. To provide guidance.
B. To educate workers.
C. To work out a plan.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does the man admire about Carl
A. His achievements.
B. His lifestyle.
C. His determination.
9. What does the woman value most while traveling
A. Comfortable accommodations.
B. Adventure destinations.
C. Cost-effective options.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Grandfather and granddaughter.
B. Neighbors.
C. Classmates.
11. What is said about Jenny's grandmother
A. She has been caring for the garden lately.
B. She watches TV every evening.
C. She is a milk woman.
12. Why did Jenny ask her grandfather about a math problem
A. She wanted to avoid talking about the news.
B. Her grandfather was good at it.
C. She couldn't work it out herself.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. For what reason does the man come to buy a gift
A. To express his thanks.
B. To make up for a mistake.
C. To celebrate his friend's birthday.
14. How much does the watch cost
A. Around $400. B. Around $200. C. Around $120.
15. What makes the set of cups special according to the woman
A. It is cheap.
B. Its quality is high.
C. It was made by hand.
16. Which item impressed the man most
A. A watch. B. A wallet. C. A notebook.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker doing
A. Tracking her monthly costs.
B. Offering financial advice.
C. Making a spending plan.
18. When does the speaker receive her salary every month
A. On the 5th. B. On the 7th. C. On the 15th.
19. What did the speaker buy on the last day of June
A. Beauty products. B. Clothes. C. Cat food.
20. What does the speaker plan to do
A. Find a part-time job.
B. Watch her spending.
C. Cut costs.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Some scientists win the Nobel Prize for their work. Other scientists win the "Ig Nobel" Prize, which honors real science that is so strange. "We want to make people laugh and then think," says Ig Nobel founder Marc Abrahams. He and his colleagues pick 10 of the world's strangest scientific studies on subjects like Physics, Biology, Medicine, and so on, to honor each year. Here are two of the strangest Ig Nobel winners since the prize was founded 26 years ago:
No-blink photos, almost guaranteed.
Why is someone always blinking (眨眼) in your photo Science says: because you don't take enough pictures.
Winner, 2006 Mathematics Ig Nobel:
An Australian photographer wondered how many group shots she should take to be pretty sure no one was blinking. She found out you need to divide the number of people by 2 to figure it out. Twelve people Take at least six photos. But with groups over 50, someone will always be caught blinking no matter how many photos you take.
The five-second rule is true — sometimes.
Have you ever dropped food on the floor, said, "Five-second rule!" then picked it up and eaten it The idea is that bacteria won't stick if you pick it up quickly.
Winner, 2005 Public Health Ig Nobel:
Jillian Clark was still in high school when she did her winning research on the five-second rule. She dropped foods on the floor and then studied the bacteria they picked up in five seconds. Her discovery If the floor is clean, the food is safe to eat. But how clean is your floor You need a powerful electron microscope to know for sure.
21. Why was the "Ig Nobel" Prize founded
A. To promote laughter and thought. B. To honor strange scientists.
C. To help people win the Nobel Prize. D. To make people fight for honors.
22. How many shots should you take to ensure a no-blink photo for a group of 32 people
A. 2 B. 6 C. 12 D. 16
23. Which subject was Jillian Clark's research about
A. Mathematics. B. Public Health. C. Biology. D. Physics.
B
Imagine you're out in a foreign city to find a restaurant for dinner. Dozens of restaurants are strung together, all with appetizing menus and similar prices. How to pick the best place for refreshment
If you're like most people, a simple cue (提示) is likely to affect your choice. You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. But is this true
In fact, bigger crowds could have come about at random, and here's why. Early diners with no meaningful cues as to which restaurant to choose may have picked the restaurant casually, for example selecting the place with the nicest name or the prettiest environment. Later passers-by may have misinterpreted their choice as a well-informed decision and blindly followed their example. This could have resulted in a snowball effect, creating a false impression of popularity. In this case, following the example of theirs couldn't be an ideal dinner choice.
Copying other people's choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as herd behaviour. It is a frequent occurrence among humans as well as many other animals, a common example being sheep. Indeed, the particularly obedient (顺从的) herd animals even inspired the creation of the term "sheeple",which combines the words "sheep" and "people" for individuals who tend to follow others.
Herding can appear to make a lot of sense. I previously discussed the so-called "wisdom of crowds", which suggests that average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices. Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a personal decision.
Herd behaviour, while common and easy to explain, holds significant dangers. Contrary to the so-called" wisdom of crowds", herd behaviour typically relies on so-called "information cascades" (信息级联)This frequently leads to the imitation of unreasonable or simply stupid behaviour.
24. What will most newcomers consider when choosing a restaurant
A. Its popularity. B. Its service. C. Its food. D. Its environment.
25. What can we learn about "herd behaviour"
A. It inspires people's creation. B. It contributes to ideal choices.
C. It comes from sheep behaviour. D. It reflects people's group psychology.
26. What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about
A. The benefits of the "wisdom of crowds".
B. The reasons for "herd behaviour".
C. The significance of individual choices.
D. The examples of the crowd wisdom.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Why You Shouldn't Follow the Crowd.
B. How the Crowd Affects Your Choice.
C. Why "Herd Behaviour" Cains in Popularity.
D. How You Can Avoid Making Blind Decisions.
C
Comfort food makes a person feel good. Food high in sugar or fat tends to improve moods by stimulating the brain's reward system. So it makes sense that many of us may turn to food for comfort in times of stress. There's some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are.
Traci Mann, a professor of psychology, and colleagues conducted a series of studies with people. There searchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. They provided participants with one of the three foods that they had indicated were their top, personal comfort foods. After producing a negative mood by having them watch movie clips designed to increase their sadness, anger and anxiety, the researchers offered the participants their comfort food.
They had to assess how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. All of the participants completed the study on two separate occasions: once when they were able to eat their comfort food and once when they were able to eat another food they liked, but they wouldn't call comfort food. The researchers found that comfort food did improve participants' moods — but only by a little bit and not more than the other food they liked.
In another study, comfort food was compared to no food at all, and participants' moods seemed to improve even when they didn't eat anything — most likely just due to the passage of time.
What's the take-home message from the studies While, the comfort food may make the person feel better for the time being, it does little to address emotional problems. Of course, everyone can indulge (沉迷) in comfort food from time to time, but overall, aim for these instances to be the exception rather than the rule.
28. Which aspect of comfort food do Traci Mann's studies focus on
A. The means by which it affects moods.
B. Its role in reducing negativity.
C. Its impact on physical health.
D. The extent to which it lifts moods.
29. How were the studies carried out
A. By analyzing questionnaires about comfort foods.
B. By observing participants' different reactions to foods.
C. By collecting data about people from all walks of life.
D. By comparing participants' feelings on different occasions.
30. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A. Explain a rule. B. Introduce a concept.
C. Make a suggestion. D. Present a fact.
31. What is a suitable title for the text
A. The Science Behind Comfort Food.
B. Comfort Food May Not Work Wonders.
C. Feeling Negative Try Comfort Food.
D. Comfort Food Tends to Be Unhealthy.
D
Beethoven is undoubtedly one of the greatest musicians. He completed 722 musical works. Unfortunately, the master died while still working on his 10th Symphony (交响曲). Now, a team of musicians and scientists have used artificial intelligence (AI) to complete the artist's final composition.
Dr Matthias first came up with the idea of completing the composition in 2019. He thought it was an appropriate way to celebrate Beethoven's 250th birthday in December 2020. He began by enlisting an international team of music experts to help him with the giant task. They included the music composer Walter Werzowa and Dr Ahmed Elgammal, the creator of an innovative AI technology for the art market.
Ahmed and his colleagues started the process by familiarizing the AI software initially with a broad range of classical music, and then, narrowed it down to just Beethoven's works. Meanwhile, Walter and his group tried to interpret the rough drafts and the handful of notes that detailed Beethoven's plans for the 10th Symphony.
The team then began the slow and careful task of feeding the AI software musical notes from the unfinished composition. To stay true to Beethoven's original composition, Ahmed's team sent Walter hundreds of AI-generated musical note variations every evening. Walter would listen to them and then select the one that he thought was the closest to what the artist would have written. The AI team would add the music and rerun the software to generate the next suggestions. And piece by piece, the team was able to complete Beethoven's 10th Symphony!
The composition was firstly released on October 9, 2021. Not surprisingly, it caused some controversy (争议). Critics believe technology should not be used to replicate the human creative process. Ahmed and his team agree with their opinions and say their AI software is not out to replace humans-it is just a tool to help artists to express themselves in new ways.
32. What is the writer's purpose in writing Paragraph 1
A. To voice his greatest respect for Beethoven.
B. To compare traditional music and AI music.
C. To present the team of music experts' hard work.
D. To introduce an innovative method of creating music.
33. Which can be used to best describe the team's work
A. Inspiring. B. Steady. C. Challenging. D. Boring.
34. What does the underlined word "replicate" in the last paragraph mean
A. Question. B. Copy. C. Direct. D. Speed.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Beethoven's 10th Symphony Was Eventually Staged.
B. AI Helped Complete Beethoven's Unfinished Symphony.
C. A Team of Experts Conducted an Impossible Mission.
D. A Controversial Way Successfully Interpreted Beethoven's Music.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Can I Fight Laziness
Lazy people will never amount to anything in life. However, laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.
36 Many people always lack sleep, since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work. These people have little motivation (动力) once they arrive home. Laziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things. By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest, you can fight laziness throughout the day.
Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active. Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task. Others take a more active method, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 37
Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations (诱惑) that around them. A television in the living room may provide entertainment, but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness. 38 Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film.
Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home. Couples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately. 39 Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the home may finally follow your example and perform their own tasks. It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.
40 Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.
A. With strong determination, you will be able to achieve your goal.
B. One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.
C. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.
D. Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.
E. To fight family laziness, set an example.
F. Knowing how to fight laziness is essential.
G. Create a reward system for yourself, just as parents do for a child.
第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Winter Solstice (冬至) refers to the day in a year when the night is at its longest and the Yin energy is at its maximum. On Winter Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere tilts 41 away from the sun, and the solar elevation angle reaches its minimum. 42 , from this day, the daytime will get longer and longer. As the delicate node of the ebb (衰退) and 43 of Yin and Yang. Winter Solstice is the beginning of a new cycle, 44 reunion and hope.
It is said that a doctor named Zhang Zhongjing 45 poor people suffering from frostbite, so he boiled a pot of mutton with medicinal ingredients, 46 them up and wrapped them in ear-shaped dough (面团). Those who 47 from frostbitten ears were given this "cold-dispelling" soup. This is the start of 48 . Subsequently, people made dumplings in the same manner and ate them during the festival to 49 him.
Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted the lunar calendar, the Winter Solstice was 50 the same as the Spring Festival. Although during the Han Dynasty, the Winter Solstice was no 51 considered as the beginning of the year, people 52 celebrated, visited relatives and offered 53 to the ancestors on that day. More 54 has been paid by people for the Winter Solstice. In Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang (the founding father of Ming Dynasty) made three 55 in a year—the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival and his birthday.
41. A. heaviest B. lowest C. highest D. furthest
42. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
43. A. mix B. flow C. reach D. distinction
44. A. announcing B. symbolizing C. infecting D. approaching
45. A. pointed B. saw C. pitied D. categorized
46. A. cut B. chewed C. broke D. ate
47. A. affected B. hurt C. suffered D. wounded
48. A. dumplings B. dessert C. Moon-cake D. noodles
49. A. praise B. comment C. commemorate D. recommend
50. A. accessed B. regarded C. accounted D. appointed
51. A. better B. sooner C. longer D. less
52. A. frequently B. usually C. seldom D. still
53. A. gifts B. sacrifices C. products D. possessions
54. A. attention B. money C. time D. respect
55. A. dates B. events C. customs D. holidays
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There was a good chance for a young man 56 (call) Charles Darwin. He was promised to profit from the visit to distant countries yet little known. He 57 (attract) by rocks, plants and animals. So he started 58 journey on the ship, the Beagle, to study various living things in their natural environments. A question came to his mind: how did different species come to exist He found some species of animals were similar to each other. Maybe they evolved as they adapted 59 the changing environments. This idea inspired him 60 (search) for more evidence.
When the ship arrived on the Galápagos Islands in 1835, Darwin noticed a 61 (different) between the finches on each island. It seemed their beaks 62 (evolve)according to what food could be found on that particular island. Over time, they had slowly evolved into many new species. So he believed that new species of plants and animals evolved from earlier ancestors. 63 (final), Datwin explained this theory in his book On the Origin of Species , 64 was not published until 1859. This book immediately caused a storm. People were shocked, but Darwin's scientific studies were so convincing that more and more people believed his theory. Nowadays, the book has become one of the 65 (important) works ever written, which has changed ideas about life on Earth forever.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是一家公司的策划员，你公司推出了一款用于照顾老人的家用机器人。请你根据以下内容写一篇英文发言稿，在新闻发布会上向大家推荐这款新产品。家用机器人的主要功能有：
1. 可以在固定的时间做饭，且做饭时间可以根据个人需要进行调整；
2. 可以陪老人聊天、下棋、做运动等；
3. 可以及时处理突发事件。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Thank you for attending our company's news conference. As you know,
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第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Both of my parents worked full time so my grandpa often took care of us during the holidays. We never really knew what adventure lay before us at Grandpa's. It could be fishing in ponds, or we might hang around his basement or garage that held so many interesting objects. The options were endless.
One day, Grandpa loaded the three of us into his car. And we were headed toward Broadway, I remember coming up to 34th Street. Grandpa talked about gum (口香糖) and asked if any of us wanted some. My grandpa liked chewing gum very much and always had multiple flavors in his pockets. My sister, Charity, seated up front, took a package. Angie, my twin sister, and I were in the back seat. We both voiced our desire to have a piece, too. Grandpa turned around to hand us a package, and to our surprise we were suddenly in the air.
Grandpa's car had climbed the curb. The passenger side was on the curb and the driver's side was still planted firmly on the street. My grandpa quickly turned back and grabbed the wheel. I remember all of us, Grandpa included, screaming as we saw a SPEED LIMIT sign suddenly appear in front of the windshield (挡风玻璃). He only had moments to react. Just as quickly as we had gone up, we came crashing back down. We were headed back toward Broadway, miraculously avoiding running into the metal sign.
I remember Grandpa said to Angie and me, "We'll hold off on the gum for a bit." We continued to drive up to Broadway and then turned to head east down the main road. We passed Casey Middle School and. Approached the stoplight that sat there. Grandpa turned around again to pass back a package of gum. I remember trying to reassure Grandpa that we could hold out until the stoplight, but Grandpa was not having it. His grandchildren needed gum, and we were going to get it. That's when we hit something solid.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
It turned out that we had just hit a bus!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
"It's Loretta Lynn, a famous singer," I said in surprise.
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答案以及解析
第一部分 听力
第一节
1. 答案：B
解析：M: Alice, what is it that I constantly hear during our lesson
W: Oh, just ignore it. It's my email notification.
M: It's actually quite annoying. Could you please adjust the sound on your phone
W: Sure, sorry.
2. 答案：C
解析：M: I'm over the moon! I was accepted into my dream university.
W: Really All those years of hard work and determination paid off.
M: Yes. I'm going to share the good news with my parents.
★over the moon 欣喜若狂
3. 答案：A
解析：W: Excuse me, could you tell me the best way to get to the city center I've been waiting for a bus here for over 15 minutes.
M: The buses to the city center run every half hour. Why not take a taxi if you're in a hurry
4. 答案：C
解析：W: Billy, how come you have two copies of a Chinese-English dictionary Did you buy a new one
M: Yesterday I found that I had left my copy at home. That's how I ended up borrowing one from my friend.
5. 答案：A
解析：M: Wow! It was a tough decision to make.
W: Yes, putting my house up for sale was the best choice after a long discussion, Tracy left for college. Walter works in a different city.
M: I get that.
第二节
6. 答案：B
7. 答案：C
解析：M: They haven't delivered bricks here. How's that affecting us
W: The planned date for construction has been pushed back. I'll reach out to our supplier and see if they can speed up the delivery.
M: Okay, good idea. Let's also reconsider our project timeline. The client isn't aware of the situation.
W: Absolutely, I'll work on it. We must think of everything seriously before the client contacts us. They won't be happy if they hear such news.
M: Exactly. Let's call our workers for a meeting and ask for their opinions. We need to decide on how to handle this situation.
8. 答案：B
9. 答案：A
解析：M: I recently came across an encouraging video of a man named Carl who lives his life traveling around the world. Isn't it magical
W: Yes, it is. But it does require quite a lot of money.
M: Not always. Carl just picks up his backpack, chooses a spot on a map, and goes straight there. It's an adventure every time.
W: I'm not that kind of person. I need to be sure that there's a room waiting for me. A soft bed and a hot shower are my must-haves.
M: Well, I agree with you on that. But the idea of just packing up and going wherever you feel like sounds interesting.
10. 答案：C
11. 答案：A
12. 答案：A
解析：M: Jenny, didn't you take the school bus today I didn't see you there this morning.
W:I actually spent the night at my grandparents' place. So...
M: Ah, got it. How are they, by the way
W: They're okay. Thanks for asking. My grandma has been busy with her rose bushes and other plants. You know, it's a good time to plant a garden.
M:Yeah, that's true. How about your grandpa
W: He is glued to the TV every evening. He is convinced that he needs to keep up to date with all the latest news, and he often shares his thoughts with everyone he can talk with, from neighbors to milkmen.
M: Oh, I hate the news.
W: So do I. That's why I tried to avoid discussing the news with him at all costs. Since I had a lot of homework, I acted like I couldn't understand a math problem and asked my grandpa to explain. He was happy to teach me.
★be glued to sth.全神贯注看着某物
★at all costs不惜任何代价
13. 答案：B
14. 答案：A
15. 答案：C
16. 答案：C
解析：W: Good afternoon, sir. How can I help you
M: I'm thinking of this beautiful watch. A few days ago, I accidentally stepped on my friend's guitar and broke it when we were celebrating his birthday. I hope to find something to express my regret.
W: I understand. This fancy watch is special, but I should mention that it's not cheap.
M: If it's under $ 200, I can take it into consideration.
W: I'm afraid it's twice that amount. But don't worry, we have other options in our store. For example, this beautiful set of cups is $ 60. It is worth noting that they were handmade by an Italian artist.
M: Not bad.
W: Here, we offer a range of quality leather goods like gloves, and wallets. And here's a handmade notebook with a leather cover.
M: Wow, I'd love one for myself. It's brilliant.
W: It's $45, quite high for a notebook, I know, but considering the craftsmanship, it's worth it.
M: Absolutely. Do you have two available
W: Of course. However, each one is slightly different due to being handmade.
M: That's even better. I believe my friend would love it too.
★craftsmanship 手艺；技艺
17. 答案：A
18. 答案：A
19. 答案：B
20. 答案：B
解析：My colleague asked me about how much I spent in a month the other day. I never had the habit of paying attention to it, so I couldn't answer. However, that question has never left my head ever since. It became interesting, so I decided to check. Luckily, my banking app provided all the information I needed. Here's what I discovered. My income is fixed; as a store manager, I receive $2200 on the 5th day of each month. On the 7th of each month, I make my rent payment of $ 900 for my cozy one-bedroom apartment. My household bills, including electricity, water, and Internet, amount to around $150 and are usually paid on the 15th. I spoil my cat with high-quality food and toys, spending about $50 every month. Of course, I occasionally buy beauty products. This June, I spent $80 on new makeup items on the 25th. I also like to refresh my wardrobe from time to time. I spent $ 150 on some trendy dresses on the last day of June. It's eye-opening to see where my money goes, and I plan to keep track of it to better manage my finances in the future.
★amount to sth. 总计；共计
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
21. 答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的第二句Other scientists win the "Ig Nobel" Prize, which honors real science that is so strange. "We want to make people laugh and then think"可知，搞笑诺贝尔奖的目的就是让人们笑和思考。
22. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的She found out you need to divide the number of people by 2 to figure it out. Twelve people Take at least six photos.可知，必须把拍照的一组人数除以2就可以得出拍照的次数。因此，32人的组至少要拍16次。
23.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二个奖Winner, 2005 Public Health Ig Nobel奖的获得者是Jillian Clark可知，她的研究是关于公众健康的 (Public Health)。
B
24. 答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的You will look for the busiest restaurant with the most diners because its popularity is bound to reflect on the quality of food and service. 可知，受欢迎程度是大多数新来者选择餐厅时考虑的因素。故选A项。
25. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的Copying other people's choices or simply going with the crowd is often referred to as "herd behaviour"，以及Indeed, the particularly obedient herd animals even inspired the creation of the term "sheeple", which combines the words" sheep" and "people" for individuals who tend to follow others. 可知，"群体行为"意味着模仿别人的选择或随大流，一般形容那些倾向于跟随别人的人，它反映了人们的群体心理。故选D项。
26. 答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据第五段中的average judgements of large groups of people often outperform individual choices 以及Furthermore, following the crowd appears to offer protection and comfort. Finally, following the herd reduces the effort needed to make a decision. 可知，本段主要介绍了"群体智慧"的益处，即提供了保护和安慰以及减少个人做决定时所需要的努力。故选A项。
27. 答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。本文前三段通过选择餐馆的例子，阐述了盲目跟随他人的选择不一定能选出理想的餐馆；第四段介绍了"群体行为"的定义；最后一段指出，与"群体智慧"不同，"群体行为"会导致不良后果。故本文旨在说明，人们在作决定时不应该有从众行为。A项(为什么你不应该随大流)能概括文章主要内容，适合做本文的标题。故选A项。
C
28. 答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的There's some fascinating research that examines food as a source of comfort. However, the most interesting thing about this research may be that foods are far less comforting than we tend to believe they are. 以及第二段中的The researchers examined how much comfort foods actually improve moods. 可知，心理学教授特拉奇·曼及其同事调查了安慰食物能真正改善情绪的程度。故选D项。
29. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的They had to assess how they felt before and after they were supposedly comforted by ice cream, pizza or whatever they had indicated they typically ate to feel better. 以及 on two separate occasions可知，研究者评估了参与者在吃冰激凌、比萨饼或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的食物之前和之后的感觉，即通过比较参与者在不同场合的感受而开展研究的。故选D项。
30. 答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段告知读者安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用，因此不能将其视为一套一定奏效的方法而依赖于此，缓解情绪应该选择一些别的方法。故推断文章最后一段是作者想要给读者们提出建议。故选C项。
31. 答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段内容以及通读全文可知，一项研究发现，安慰食物对改善情绪的作用非常有限，甚至没有吃其他喜欢的食品更加有效。文章提醒人们应对情绪问题采取更有效的解决方式，不要单纯依赖安慰食物来缓解自己的情绪。故B项(安慰食物可能不会产生奇迹)能够概括本文的主要内容，最适合做本文的标题。
D
32. 答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容和第二段中的Dr Matthias first came up with the idea of completing the composition in2019. 可知，第一段的主要目的是介绍一种创新的音乐创作方法，引出下文介绍的科研团队使用这一创作方法完成贝多芬《第十交响曲》的事例。
33. 答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段Ahmed and his colleagues started the process...that detailed Beethoven's plans for the 10th Symphony，和文章第四段内容可知，艾哈迈德和他的同事从最开始使人工智能软件对贝多芬的作品有记忆，到最后成功创作出贝多芬的《第十交响曲》，这期间经历了漫长而复杂的过程。由此可知，这个团队的工作是充满挑战性的。
34. 答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据上文介绍的人工智能创作音乐的方法可知，人工智能需要先学习大量的曲谱，然后进行模仿创作。结合下文中的Ahmed and his learn agree with their opinions and say their AI software is not out to replace humans-it is just a tool to help artists to express themselves in new ways. 可知，此处表示使用人工智能创作音乐这种方式实则是在模仿人类的创作过程，批评者认为，该技术不应该被用来复制人类的创作过程，结合选项可推测replicate与copy意义相近，表示"复制"。
35. 答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段中的Now, a team of musicians and scientists have used artificial intelligence(AI) to complete the artist's final composition. 可知，本文主要介绍了人工智能帮助完成贝多芬未完成的交响曲。
第二节
36. 答案：B
解析：根据下文中的adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest可知设空处的内容是：克服懒惰的一个方法就是有充足的睡眠。故选B项。
37. 答案：D
解析：根据上文中的Others take a more active method, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone. 可知，懒惰常常出现在你无法掌控自己的生活的时候，故选D项。
38. 答案：G
解析：根据下文中的Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy, such as a good dinner or a film. 可知，你需要为自己创造奖励制度，就像父母为孩子做的一样，故选G项。
39. 答案：E
解析：根据上文中的laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately和下文中的Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal. 可知，懒惰可能会传递给你的配偶或小孩，要发挥榜样作用，所以如果平时自己主动去干活，其他人也会去做自己的事情，故选E项。
40. 答案：C
解析：根据下文中的Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle可知，经常锻炼可以帮助你对抗懒惰，故选C项。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
41. 答案：D
解析：考查形容词。根据地理常识可知，冬至这天太阳高度角最小，北半球距离太阳的距离最远。故选D项。
42. 答案：B
解析：考查副词。根据前文可知，冬至是一年中夜晚最长的一天，也就是白昼最短的一天，因此从这天起，之后的白昼会越来越长。besides此外；therefore因此；otherwise否则；however然而。故选B项。
43. 答案：B
解析：考查名词。冬至是阴阳盛衰的微妙节点，是新周期的开始，象征着团圆和希望。短语the ebb and flow表示"盛衰；起伏"。故选B项。
44. 答案：B
解析：考查动词。冬至有着团圆和希望的象征含义。announce宣布；symbolize象征；infect使感染；approach接近。故选B项。
45. 答案：C
解析：考查动词。后文提到张仲景给穷人做药膳，由此可知他同情冻伤的穷人。point指向；see看见；pity同情；categorize将……分类。故选C项。
46. 答案：A
解析：考查动词。此处指把羊肉和药材切碎并将其包在面团里。短语cut up表示"切碎"，故选A项。
47. 答案：C
解析：考查动词。根据前文中的"suffering from frostbite"可知，此处指人们遭受冻伤之苦。此处为原词复现。故选C项。
48. 答案：A
解析：考查名词。根据常识及后文中的dumplings可知，此处在介绍饺子的来历。dumpling饺子；dessert甜点；mooncake月饼；noodle面条。故选A项。
49. 答案：C
解析：考查动词。此处指人们在节日吃饺子来纪念他。praise赞扬；comment评论；commemorate纪念；recommend推荐。故选C项。
50. 答案：B
解析：考查动词。根据句中的as及语境可知，此处指在汉武帝采用阴历之前，冬至被认为就是春节。be regarded as表示"被视为"，故选B项。
51. 答案：C
解析：考查副词。此处指汉代时的冬至不再像以前那样被视为一年的开始。No longer表示"不再"，故选C项。
52. 答案：D
解析：考查副词。尽管在汉代冬至不再被当作新年的开始，但是人们仍然在那天庆祝。frequently经常；usually通常；seldom很少；still仍然。故选D项。
53. 答案：B
解析：考查名词。根据语境及"the ancestors"可知，尽管在汉代冬至不再被视为一年的开始，但人们仍然在这一天庆祝、探亲和祭祀祖先。gift礼物；sacrifice祭品；product产品；possession私人物品。故选B项。
54. 答案：D
解析：考查名词。后文提到朱元璋将冬至设定为节日，由此可知冬至很受古人的重视。attention注意；money金钱；time时间；respect尊重，重视。故选D项。
55. 答案：D
解析：考查名词。根据"the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival and his birthday"可知，这是三个节日。date日期；event事件；custom风俗；holiday节日。故选D项
第二节
56. 答案：called
解析：call与a young man之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故设空处应用过去分词作后置定语。
57. 答案：was attracted
解析：此处讲述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时；attract与He之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。
58. 答案：a
解析：journey在文中第一次出现，泛指"一次旅行"，journey的发音以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a修饰。
59. 答案：to
解析：adapt to 意为"适应"。
60. 答案：to search
解析：inspire sb. to do sth.意为"激励某人做某事"，为固定搭配。
61. 答案：difference
解析：设空处作noticed的宾语，其前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式。
62. 答案：had evolved
解析：此处表示"过去的过去"发生的事情，应用过去完成时。
63. 答案：Finally
解析：设空处在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式。
64. 答案：which
解析：设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。
65. 答案：most important
解析："one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数"意为"最……的……之一"。
第四部分 写作
第一节
答案：
Ladies and gentlemen,
Thank you for attending our company's news conference. As you know, with the development of the economy, people have to face various pressures. They don't have enough time to take care of the old in their family, which has become a social problem.
To solve this problem, our company launches a domestic robot, which is designed to take care of the old. It can cook meals at a fixed time according to individual needs. It can also accompany old people when they have a chat, play chess, do exercise and so on. Moreover, it can deal with emergencies. For example, if an old man falls ill suddenly, the robot will call doctors for help. It would be a great help for you if you owned such a robot.
Thank you.
第二节
答案：
It turned out that we had just hit a bus! Grandpa calmly told us to "Stay put" and climbed out of the car. By this time, two men wearing cowboy hats had exited the bus and come to the back of the large vehicle. They approached my grandpa, and all three of them began talking. I watched from the back seat of the car, trying to get any of the conversation I could, but I couldn't hear anything. That's when my twin sister noticed something. "Look!" She pointed to the bus.
"It's Loretta Lynn, a famous singer," I said in surprise. I realized that my grandpa had just run into Loretta Lynn's tour bus. A slight wave came from Loretta Lynn, and my grandfather waved back. It appeared that there was no damage to the bus and also there was no damage to grandpa's car. Finally, my grandpa shook the men's hands and made a final wave to Loretta Lynn. Later, Grandpa got into the car, sighing, "I'll never hand you gum while driving."

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