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(共47张PPT)
Grammar
Unit 4 History and Traditions
Part Two
Past Participle as Object Complement
(过去分词用作宾语补足语)
V-ed作宾语补足语表示被动或完成的意义。
V-ed作宾语补足语
V-ed与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。
Xiao Xin found all his money ________ (steal) on his way home.
stolen
Observe the rules of the past participle
I saw him (beat) by his mother.
beaten
Observe the rules of the past participle
I noticed him _______ by a dog. (bite)
bitten
1.表示感观、感觉和发觉的动词。如：
watch, observe, see, hear, listen to, feel, notice, find等。
(1) When we got to school, we saw the door locked.
(2) He found his house broken into when he got back home.
V-ed作宾语补足语常用于以下几种情况：
当我们到学校时，我们看见门锁着。
回到家他发现家被盗。
Jack had his hair _______ yesterday.(cut)
cut
The girls are having their eyesight _________. (examine)
examined
Observe the rules of the past participle
(1) You’d better keep the guests seated.
(2) We're having our car repaired.
(3) I'm trying to get this article finished for Thursday.
(4) She had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the music.
2.表示“致使”意义的动词。如:make,have, get, keep,leave
1. I plan to attend the meeting.
2.An apple wrapped by a beautiful box can be sent to your relatives and friends, expressing your blessings.
3. Seeing Mr. Cai dressed in Santa Claus costume made you burst into laughter.
4. Unfolding the Christmas stocking, the little boy felt desperately frustrated.
make sb（to）do
doing
done
to do
目的、将来
主动、正在
被动、完成
Lead-in-- Review(Unit 4 课文回顾P40-41,P44)
1. How do most people call the UK
2.What are the flags of these four countries
3. What did the Normans do after they conquered England
4.(翻译)The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle.
Discuss and analyze
1.Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
2.They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack.
3.They had castles built and had the legal system changed.
4.“绿宝石岛”风光宁静秀美，郡县草木葱茏，青山连绵起伏，牛羊点缀其中，堪称一场名副其实的盛宴。
past participle 过去分词
the usuage position function
attribute 定语
object complement宾补
Have a
定语
6. Mother made a birthday cake for me．
4. Lucy's father is a poor worker．
5. We belong to the third world.
3. My brother is a teacher.
2. They live in the room above.
1. It's a red car． The girl present is my sister.
（形容词）
(副词）
（代词）
（数词）
（名词所有格/形容词）
（名词）
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：
+
直接宾语（名词或代词）
+
宾语补足语
Everyone calls him Tom.
(宾语)
(宾补)
(主语)
(谓语)
宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________, 对宾语___________的作用。
之后
补充说明
某些及物动词（如make等）
直接宾语
（名词或代词）
宾语补足语
What is the Attributive and object complement
Part One
Past Participle as the Attributive
(过去分词用作定语)
发现规律
过去分词作定语相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词，与被修饰的名词之间为被动关系或完成。
及物动词的过去分词作定语，
既表被动又表完成
a furnished room
配有家具的房间（furnish vt.）
表示被动及完成
boiled water
白开水，煮开过的水（boil vi.）
只表完成
过去分词做定语
不及物动词的
过去分词作定语，只表完成。
Discovering Useful structures
常见不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况
fallen leaves落叶 retired man 已经退休的人
the risen sun 升起的太阳
an escaped prisoner 逃跑了的囚犯
a sunken ship 沉船 returned students 归国的学生
a faded painting 褪色的画
melted butter/wax 融化了的奶油/蜡
过去分词的位置
单个的过去分词作前置定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之前，表示被动和完成之意；过去分词短语作后置定语，通常放在被修饰的名词之后。
a respected teacher 一位受人尊敬的老师
单个过去分词作前置定语
a teacher respected deeply by his students
过去分词短语作后置定语
一位深受学生爱戴的老师
tired visitors
a well-organized trip
beautifully dressed stars
visitors tired of long wait
a trip organized well by my workplace
stars dressed beautifully at the ceremony
单个的过去分词作定语
过去分词短语作定语
The books left are for my students．剩下的书是给我的学生的。
leave 留下，留出，过去分词作定语时，只能作后置定语
及物动词的过去分词做定语的三种形式：
1. done (表示被动，完成）
2. being done (表示被动，正在进行）
3. to be done (表示被动；将要...)
Discovering Useful structures
典例练习一
1. There is a ___________(light) candle on the table.
2. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially __________(design) to
help them succeed accademically and personally.
3. The witnesses ____________(question) by the police just now gave very different
descriptions of the fight.
4. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message _________(hide)
within the work.
5. The play ______________(produce) next month aims mainly to reflect local culture.
lighted
designed
questioned
hidden
to be produced
Discovering Useful structures
典例练习一
6. Autumn is a very beautiful season with a carpet of golden ___________(fall) leaves.
7. The wallet __________(steal) several days ago was found ___________(hide) in the
dustbin outside the building.
8. The airport ______________(complete) next year will help pte tourism in this area.
9. Harry can't attend the party ______________(hold) at Tom's huse now because he is
preparing the speech t the meeting tomorrow.
fallen
stolen
hidden
to be completed
being held
Discovering Useful structures
Rewrite the sentences with past participles as the attribute. P.42 Ex.4
1. Loch Ness was surrounded by beautiful natural landscape, which made it look amazing.
2. Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them bread with butter and honey that was homemade.
Loch Ness surrounded by beautiful natural landscape looks amazing.
Carl and his friends stayed with a generous family who offered them homemade bread with butter and honey.
Discovering Useful structures
Rewrite the sentences with past participles as the attribute.
3. The family's ancestors once attended to soldiers who were wounded in the First World War.
4. The young people were attracted by the legend of Loch Ness. They watched over the lake with their cameras and binoculars, which were positioned on the hill.
The family's ancestors once attended to soldiers wounded in the First World War.
The young people attracted by the legend of Loch Ness watched
over the lake with their cameras and binoculars positioned on the hill.
Part Two
Past Participle as Object Complement
(过去分词用作宾语补足语)
过去分词作宾补
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个宾语外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。
The speaker raised his voice
to make himself heard.
himself为宾语，heard为宾语补足语
Discovering Useful structures
能够接动词过去分词作宾补的动词有以下四类：
1.表示感觉或心理状态的动词。如：see，watch，observe，look at，hear， listen to，feel，notice，find等；如：
I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。
the song为宾语，sung为宾语补足语,两者之间为动宾关系
his hometown为宾语，changed为宾语补足语,两者之间为动宾关系
Discovering Useful structures
2.表示"使..."意义的动词。如∶have，make，get，keep，leave等；如：
I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发。
He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。
Don't leave those things undone. 不要留下那些事情不做。
宾语和宾语补足语之间为被动关系，为动宾关系
Discovering Useful structures
3.表示"希望"、"要求"意义的动词，如∶ would like，order，want，wish等；
I would like this matter settled at once. 我希望此事立刻得到解决。
I wish my homework finished before five o'clock. 我希望 5 点前完成我的作业。
4.介词with+宾语+过去分词
The outside sight looks beautiful with everything covered with snow.
白雪覆盖着大地，屋外景色迷人。
宾语和宾语补足语之间为被动关系，为动宾关系
Discovering Useful structures
1. She found the door __________(break) in when she came back．
2. My grandfather had his old house __________(rebuild)．
3. Will you please make yourself __________(hear) to us, please
4. They found all the guests __________(go) when they woke up.
5. I must get my bike __________(repair)．
6. She felt a great weight __________(take) off her mind．
典例练习二
broken
rebuilt
heard
gone
repaired
taken
Discovering Useful structures
Read the sentences and underline the-ed form as the object complement. P.42 Ex.3
1. Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square, where we could get our
car battery charged.
2. When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides, we heard it announced that there were no
audio guides left.
3. We found ourselves very surprised by the large number of visitors and the amount of noise at the entrance
of the National Gallery.
4. Judy had her eyes fixed on Van Gogh's Sunflowers. It was hard to approach the painting as there were so
many people around.
5. She had a copy of the painting boxed to ensure that it was delivered safely.
V-ed在句中可作 _____、_____________。
定语
宾语补足语
作定语
①单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面；
② 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。
③单个的过去分词修饰复合不定代词something, everything等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
作宾补
V-ed作宾语补足语通常用于：
①表示感观、感觉和发觉的动词。
②表示“致使、意愿、命令或者希望”意义的动词。
③with的复合结构。
Summary
My grandfather had his old house __________(rebuild)．
Will you please make yourself __________(understand) to us, please
I must get my bike __________(repair)．
She felt a great weight __________(take) off her mind．
They kept the door ________(lock) for a long time.
We can hear the windows ________(beat )by the rain drops.
Don’t leave the windows ________(break)like this all the time
The thief was brought in, with his hands______ (tie) behind his back.
rebuilt
understood
repaired
taken
locked
broken
beaten
tied
Practice makes perfect
It was snowing and very cold outside. A little girl was walking in the street, selling matches. She didn’t wear any shoes because she got her shoes_____ (lose). She looked very worried because she still had many matches _______(leave)unsold. She was so cold that she sat in a corner with her legs _______ (huddle) up. She lit a match and saw a Christmas tree _________ (decorate) very beautifully. The ________ (light) candles were burning brightly and she seemed very delighted. She lit another one and saw her grandmother. She asked her grandmother to take her away. The next day, people saw the girl _______ (freeze) to death. What a poor girl!
lost
lighted/lit
left
huddled
decorated
frozen
It can help to build a community with a __________(share)future for mankind," he said.
In 1985, urban men and women in more than three quarters of the countries (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. …..
A study ________ (conduct) in Youngstown, Ohio for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.
conducted
shared
studied
高考真题
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity__________(consume) in the US.
I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ______(take).
Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it_________ (perform) live is quite another.
The manager was satisfied to see many new products __________ (develop) after great effort.
consumed
taken
performed
developed
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work __________(finish), he gladly accepted it.
2. ---Did Peter fix the computer himself
---He had it _______(fix), because he doesn’t know much about computers.
3.I was wondering why they kept the door ________ (lock) for such a long time.
finished
fixed
locked
4.This is the first time that I have heard the poem _______ (speak) in English.
5. With the task____________(finish),we had a happy weekend.
6. Helen had to shout to make herself__________ (hear) above the sound of the music.
7.I don’t want the children ______ out in such weather.
spoken
finished
heard
taken
8. Linda found her house ___________ into when she came back. (break )
9. The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ behind his back. (tie)
10. Tom, did you see anyone ____________out of the classroom (go)
11. One of his teeth aches painfully, so he wants it ___________out. (pull)
12. At night, I suddenly heard someone _____________ into my bedroom. (walk)
walking / walk
broken
tied
go / going
pulled
13. This is the first time that I have heard the poem ______ in English. (speak)
14. On the top of the hill, I could see smoke _____ from the chimneys in the village. (rise)
15. I was wondering why they kept the door _________ for such a long time. (lock)
16. The little girl felt someone _____ her on the shoulder. (pat)
17. My brother had that door _______ last week. (paint)
painted
spoken
rising
locked
pat
The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be playing
简析: 首先, 根据语法分析可知, 待选部分是一个作定语、修饰 The Olympic Games的后置分词短语; 再根据 The Olympic Games 对于动词 play 来说只能是被动承受, 且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此, 该题应选C。
2. What’s the language ___ in Germany A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
简析: 该题应选B。测试过去分词作后
置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 which is
spoken。
3. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
简析: 该题应选A。测试过去分词作后置
定语表达被动, 等于定语从句who were
invited。
4. The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词短语作定语
放在所修饰的名词后, 可以用非限制性定语从
句“which was opened last year”代替。
5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written
简析: 该题应选D。测试过去分词作后置定语
表达被动, 等于定语从句that were written。

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