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2025届湖南省永州市高三下学期模拟考试（二）英语试卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt
A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15.
答案是 C。
1. How did the woman come to school
A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway.
2. What may the man want to try
A. Football. B.Volleyball. C.Tennis.
3. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. At home. B. At the bus station. C. At the concert.
4. What will the weather be like tomorrow
A. Sunny. B. Windy. C.Rainy
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. A concert. B. A movie. C. An instrument.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的
A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅
读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每
段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What will the woman probably take for picnic
A. Sandwiches. B. Drinks. C. Cakes.
7. How much will the woman save with her student card
A. 8. B. 2. C. 4.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。
8. What are the new laws about
A. Asking people to recycle.
B. Raising the price of coffee.
C. Forbidding littering.
9. How does the woman find the laws at last
A. Useless. B.Fair. C. Temporary.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。
10. What is Nigel’s course
A.Literature. B.Computer. C. Business.
11. What project is Nigel working on with Jenny
A. Starting a company.
B. Surveying students’ interest.
C. Setting up a food shop.
12. What does the woman advise Nigel to do
A. Help the poor students.
B. Think about the project carefully.
C. Avoid selling things to students.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。
13. What should one do to enter the competition
A.Write a story. B. Go on a holiday. C. Write a poem.
14. When will the winner be announced
A. On 8th, March. B. On 18th, March. C. On. 10th, March.
15. Where is the office of Travel Light
A. At Green Road. B. At Jessie Road. C. At 10 King’s Street.
16. How long will the winners travel around the Rocky Mountains
A. Two weeks. B. One week. C. One month.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17.What happened to the beach last year
A. A lot of birds died at the beach.
B. Its white sand was washed away.
C. It was polluted by an oil leak.
18. What was the function of the huge machine
A. To prevent the oil from spreading.
B. To keep the rescue workers safe.
C. To stop the waves floating.
19. What did the volunteers do on the beach
A. Carry away the oil in big boxes.
B. Gather the oil with broom.
C. Get the oil off the trucks.
20. What did the workers teach volunteers
A. How to pick up birds in the oil.
B. How to send birds to safe places.
C. How to remove the oil from birds’ wings.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题：每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you’re eager to boost your fitness levels, or simply explore new athletic activities, consider some exercise courses from the following platforms.
YourFitness
YourFitness isn’t just a calorie-tracking app and it also provides a selection of free workout classes. In addition to its core nutrition-monitoring features, users can access workout routines designed to improve overall health. YourFitness caters (迎合) to different fitness goals. There are also payment courses, such as personalized coaching and exclusive workout content.
FitPro Vitality
FitPro Vitality offers a blend of free and paid workout classes. The classes span various disciplines, including high-intensity interval training (HIIT), yoga, and strength training. It also offers off-line exercise courses with professional trainers providing on-site guidance.Peloton Trek
Peloton Trek offers a wide range of free workout classes catering to people of all ages. The classes give users a taste of the high-energy workouts Peloton Trek is known for, including cycling, running and strength training. All users gain access to an extensive library of on-demand classes and advanced analytics. The platform’s instructors are highly energetic and motivating.
Athleanphere
Athleanphere is a platform dedicated to helping individuals build strength, improve athletic performance, and achieve their fitness goals. All of its workout videos and classes are available for free. For more in-depth training programs, users’ courses are jointly designed by professional trainers and famous athletes with a focus on sports-specific conditioning.
21．What makes YourFitness unique
A．It mainly provides paid classes.
B．It combines nutrition tracking with exercise courses.
C．It incorporates unique training methods.
D．It focuses on high-intensity workouts.
22．What is available to the users of FitPro Vitality
A．Customized yoga clothes.
B．Recordings of on-site training.
C．Personal data on strength training.
D．Face-to-face help and advice from the trainers.
23．What do the last two platforms have in common
A．They offer free courses.
B．They are targeted at young users.
C．They mainly focus on speed training
D．They have some courses designed by famous athletes.
B
From the age of 6, Samirah Horton was bullied by her classmates for the things that made her different — her size and her sharp voice. Rather than giving up, Horton decided to pick up a microphone and make sure other children knew they weren’t alone.“I didn’t want other kids to go through that experience,” says Horton, “especially at a very young age.” Now, alongside attending eighth grade classes, she’s also building an anti-bullying platform to reach students across the country.
For as long as Horton can remember, she’s felt a special connection with music. She remembers her mother always having the radio on, and her father teaching her how to deejay (主持音乐节目). Music gives her unlimited power to do the duty. “It’s music that fuels my mission, allowing me to spread this important message,” she says. Now as the Kid DJ for her hometown team, you can hear anything from the hip-hop classics to songs of her own, including the anti-bullying song “No You Won’t Bully Me”.
Her message has reached beyond the DJ set. At 8, Horton turned one of her songs into a 26-page picture book, which has reached thousands of people across America. In the book,she references the over 160,000 students who miss school daily for fear of being bullied.
Horton isn’t sure exactly what the future holds, but for now, she’s positive about leading her school’s student government. “I don’t know exactly what I’ll be doing, but I know I’ll be making a positive influence on the world,” she says. She’s already on her way, but her biggest achievement in her own eyes is persuading others not to doubt themselves along the way. “Don’t care what anybody tells you,” she says. “You are never too young to make a change.”
24．What motivated Samirah Horton to build an anti-bullying platform
A．Her parents’ encouragement.
B．Her experience of being bullied.
C．Her school’s requirement.
D．Her interest in music.
25．Why did Samirah Horton turn one of her songs into a picture book
A．To make money to help people in need.
B．To promote her favorite music.
C．To spread her anti-bullying message.
D．To show her talent in writing.
26．How does Samirah Horton feel about her future
A．Skeptical. B．Optimistic. C．Worried. D．Indifferent.
27．What message does the author want to convey
A．Bullying can be overcome through art.
B．Schools should prevent bullying.
C．Music is the key to personal success.
D．Young people can create social change.
C
Nations with large amounts of wind and solar in their power grids (电网)are particularly exposed to rising energy bills due to sharp increases in the gas price. The relationship between decarbonisation and swings in prices has been a controversial (有争议的)issue as governments consider clean energy strategies, but an analysis of power prices has now provided evidence to inform the debate.
Vast quantities of wind and solar capacity have been introduced across Europe in recent years, but these power sources are intermittent, generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless.
Gas power plants, which can be switched on and off relatively easily,are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low. But gas is often the most expensive source of power, and electricity market rules mean the most expensive generator sets the price for the entire market.
Raúl Bajo-Buenestado at the University of Navarra and his colleagues found nations with more wind and solar in their power systems were more vulnerable(易受影响)to natural gas price shocks. Spain, for example, has large volumes of solar power and is particularly sensitive to power price changes. “If you have natural gas, wind and solar， this is going to make the perfect cocktail for you to be vulnerable,” says Bajo-Buenestado.
It is the need for flexible generation alongside wind and solar that is the issue. Bajo- Buenestado points out that other nations with low-carbon power grids, such as Norway and France, rely on hydropower and nuclear technology, which are reliable generators. “We don't see a clear correlation between decarbonisation and sensitivity to natural gas price changes,” he says.
Solving the problem will require nations to replace gas as the back-up fuel of choice. One answer is for grid operators to push the power system to become better able to absorb peaks and valleys in generation. “The underlying message is that getting a flexible system is now as important as building renewables,” says Michael Grubb at University College London.
28. What does the controversial issue in the first paragraph refer to
A. How rising gas prices will affect power grids.
B. Which countries may face higher energy bills.
C. What should be included in clean energy strategies.
D. Whether carbon cuts are linked to varying power prices.
29. What does the underlined word “intermittent” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Faulty. B. Costly. C. Unstable. D. Inefficient.
30. Why is natural gas still needed in high-renewable-energy systems
A. It helps lower energy costs.
B. It can quickly fill gaps in supply.
C. It ensures consistent market prices.
D. It is a key driver of energy innovation.
31. What might be an ideal combination of power sources
A. Solar and gas. B. Nuclear and gas.
C.Solar and wind. D. Nuclear and wind.
D
When we sleep, our brain is still actively processing the day’s experiences and integrating them with past memories. Previous studies have identified links between pupil (瞳孔) size and sleep state, as well as between sleep state and memory formation. However, it has been unclear how fresh memories are processed without blurring into old ones. For example, how do we learn to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike
Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain-scanning electrodes and tiny eye-tracking cameras to mice. They monitored the mice as they learned new tasks during the day, such as navigating a maze, and then observed them during sleep. (Fun fact: mice can sleep with their eyes open.)
The study revealed two distinct substages during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, a critical period for memory formation. One substage replayed new memories, coinciding with narrowed pupils. The other involved recalling older memories, marked by widened pupils. These stages alternated rapidly. The team also discovered that during the narrowed pupil stages, blocking sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) limited the mice’s ability to remember new information.
It is also found that the brain has an intermediate (中间的) period that separates new learning from old knowledge. The results suggest that the brain can multitask distinct cognitive processes during sleep to facilitate continuous learning without interference. It’s like new learning, old knowledge, new learning, old knowledge, shifting slowly throughout sleep.
The implications of the study are far-reaching: such a non-invasive means of monitoring brain function may help treat memory issues and boost memory, for example. The study also supports the hypothesis (假说) that human brains and computer systems may significantly forget old information. Catastrophic forgetting, known in AI, is an area where machines still lag behind biology. What’s more, the findings provide a potential solution for preventing catastrophic interference while enabling memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks.
Despite the many similarities between human and mouse brains, similar studies need to be conducted in humans to verify these results.
32．What do researchers at Cornell University focus on
A．How pupil size is related to sleep state.
B．How people learn to perform new tasks.
C．How memories are kept without interference.
D．How sleep state is connected with memory formation.
33．What is the finding of the study
A．Blocking SWRs removes old memories.
B．The brain processes new memories first.
C．Widened pupil is associated with replaying new memories.
D．A transitional stage distinguishes old memories from new ones.
34．What is the implication of the study
A．It provides an invasive solution to memory study.
B．It helps avoid large-scale interference and integrate memory.
C．It denies that brains and computers may forget information dramatically.
D．It supports that machines perform better in catastrophic forgetting than brains.
35．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text
A．Code of Memory Integration in Sleep.
B．Role of Sleep in Memory and Learning.
C．Pupil Size: A Window into Human Brain.
D．A Breakthrough: How Mice Sleep with Eyes Open.
第二节 (共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Fostering Happiness: Strengthening Your Reward Sensitivity
In our busy lives, we often pass up chances for joy. We might skip a birthday party or cancel a lunch date, thinking it’s not worth the trouble. But this usually makes us feel even more down later. The secret to changing this is to strengthen“reward sensitivity”. 36
Reward sensitivity is like a muscle. It can grow stronger with regular practice. When we train ourselves to notice and value positive emotions, we can become happier. 37 They often struggle to feel pleasure, a condition called anhedonia (unable to experience joy). A 2023 study showed that therapy focusing on positive emotions helps mental health more than treatments just reducing negative symptoms.
A great way to strengthen reward sensitivity is to plan a small, fun activity daily. 38 Describe it in detail, focusing on the feelings and experiences. This practice, known as“savoring (尽情享受),” makes positive feelings stronger and gives you more motivation to seek similar experiences in the future.
39 . Instead of simply labeling an experience “good”, use more precise words like“thrilled,” “inspired, or “peaceful”. Sharing positive moments with others can make these moments even more meaningful, strengthening social bonds and spreading happiness.
It’s important to remember that embracing happiness doesn’t mean ignoring pain. 40 By using these strategies in your daily life, you can cultivate a stronger sense of reward sensitivity and change how you experience and pursue happiness.
A．Afterward, take a moment to recall the experience.
B．It’s the ability to find and truly enjoy positive experiences.
C．We often avoid such activities, which make our mood decline.
D．This is especially important for those with depression or anxiety.
E．This practice helps you better understand and enjoy positive feelings.
F．Despite life’s challenges, feeling joy helps restore balance and toughness.
G．Beyond savoring, expanding your emotional vocabulary can also help.
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
What is the most important thing in life For Jean, the answer is her 41 , Arthur. When her husband left them, Arthur became her only source of joy and purpose. 42 to give him the best, Jean 43 from a homemaker into a businesswoman. However, Arthur grew up taking her love and 44 for granted.
One day, while cleaning Arthur’s room, Jean found an MP3 under his bed and her credit card under his pillow. The realization 45 her that Arthur had used her card without 46 , which explained the 47 $1,000 on her recent credit card bill. Realizing she had failed to teach him the value of money, Jean 48 a plan.
On the first day of Arthur’s summer break, Jean took Arthur to an old farm. She confronted (对质) him about the MP3, and Arthur 49 using her card because all his friends had one. Jean proposed he work on the farm for two weeks to prove his 50 to correct his mistakes.
Throughout his time there, Arthur encountered 51 he had never faced before but carried on. The hard labor taught him the meaning of effort, sacrifice, and the true value of money. At the end of his work, Arthur approached Jean with a(n) 52 , acknowledging his error. Jean forgave him and shared her own story of making mistakes. She wasn’t angry about how much money she lost, but was hurt by his 53 in using her credit card without permission.
54 with emotion, Arthur understood Mom’s sacrifice. He whispered, “I love you.” Jean smiled and replied, “I love you too, my little boy, 55 anything.”
41．A．job B．parent C．son D．boss
42．A．Thrilled B．Impressed C．Relieved D．Determined
43．A．evolved B．transformed C．progressed D．extended
44．A．sacrifice B．companionship C．patience D．compassion
45．A．motivated B．hit C．changed D．affected
46．A．delay B．question C．exception D．permission
47．A．extra B．meaningful C．affordable D．missing
48．A．stuck to B．dreamed up C．took over D．referred to
49．A．denied B．hated C．admitted D．kept
50．A．opportunity B．willingness C．worth D．advantage
51．A．hardship B．failure C．prejudice D．danger
52．A．apology B．proposal C．gift D．plan
53．A．ignorance B．attitude C．dishonesty D．indifference
54．A．Numbed B．Faced C．Equipped D．Overcome
55．A．except for B．together with C．due to D．more than
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Wildlife Image and Video Competition, hosted by the Chinese National Geography, has long been 56 event of great significance in the field of wildlife documentation. At an awards ceremony recently held in Beijing, 17 remarkable images and videos, which 57 (select) from over 37,600 submissions globally, deeply attracted the audience.
The competition, 58 (theme) “Spirituality of Mountains and Seas” this year, aims to enhance public awareness of wildlife and ecological conservation. Among the award-winning 59 (entry), the work of Jia Haining’s team on Oriental storks (东方白鹳) in the Yellow River Delta stood out 60 (noticeable). Their delicate piece of art beautifully demonstrated the region’s ecological harmony and species 61 (diverse).
To film the dynamic moment 62 the birds left their nests, they arrived at the filming site as early as 4:30 am. And they waited patiently for almost two months 63 the young storks’ first flight! The judges praised their work as a breathtaking symphony of life.
Additionally, special awards for mobile photography and social media engagement were introduced to encourage 64 (broad) public participation. The competition, as Dr. Jane Goodall noted, has the power to inspire people, especially those who rarely have the opportunity to experience nature firsthand, 65 (reconnect) with the natural world.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校新成立了“剪纸社团(Paper-cutting Club)”和“书法社团(Calligraphy Club)”，你的英国朋友Chris对这两个社团很感兴趣，但不知如何选择，发邮件向你咨询。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1. 推荐一个社团并说明理由；
2. 告知报名方式及截止时间。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a lively city, there was a small bookstore hidden between two tall buildings. It wasn’t the most attractive place, but it had an undeniable charm. The owner, David, had inherited (继承) the store from his grandfather. Every day, he opened its creaky (吱嘎的) doors and greeted his customers with a smile, even though his heart was heavy.
David had been struggling with his business for months. Online stores had taken over the market, and fewer people walked into his store. He had always believed in the magic of physical books, but with bills piling up and his savings running low, he was beginning to lose hope.
One rainy afternoon, as David sat behind the counter, staring at the closed sign on the door, a young woman entered. Her name was Sophie, and she was new to the city. She had heard about the bookstore from a friend and decided to check it out.
Sophie wandered through the passages, running her fingers along the spines of the books. There was something warm and comforting about the place — despite its worn-out shelves and faded sign outside. After a while, she picked up a book on gardening — a topic she had recently become passionate about — and brought it to the counter. David greeted her, still burdened by his worries.
“You seem like you’re really into gardening,” he said softly.
Sophie smiled. “Yes, it’s been such a peaceful escape for me lately.”
David rang up the book and said, “I hope it helps you grow your garden. Plants are like people. They need care, but they can really bloom if you give them the right environment.”
Before leaving with the book, Sophie turned to him. “There’s something special about this place. I hope you keep it open for a long time.”
David watched as she stepped out into the rain, her smile lingering (萦绕) in his mind. That night, for the first time in weeks, he didn’t feel the heavy weight of worry. Instead, he thought about Sophie’s words. Maybe it wasn’t about making the store bigger or more popular. Maybe it was about creating an environment where people felt welcomed — and that was enough to keep going.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para1: The next day, David decided to make a change._________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Para2: Months later, David received a letter from Sophie._______________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2025届湖南省永州市高三下学期模拟考试（二）英语试卷
参考答案、提示、及评分细则
一、听力部分：（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分 30 分）
1-5: C C A B A 6-10: C C A B C
11-15: A B A B C 16-20: B C A B C
二、阅读部分：（共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分）
B 22．D 23．A
B 25．C 26．B 27．D
28．D 29．C 30．B 31．D
32．C 33．D 34．B 35．A
36．B 37．D 38．A 39．G 40．F
三、语言知识运用部分：
第一节 完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
41．C 42．D 43．B 44．A 45．B
46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．B
51．A 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．D
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
56．an 57．were selected 58．themed 59．entries 60．noticeably 61．diversity 62．when 63．for 64．broader 65．to reconnect
A
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个开设运动锻炼课程的平台。
21．B 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“YourFitness isn’t just a calorie-tracking app and it also provides a selection of free workout classes.( YourFitness不仅是一款卡路里追踪应用，它还提供一系列免费健身课程。)”可知，YourFitness结合了营养跟踪和锻炼课程，这是它的独特之处。故选B。
22．D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“It also offers off-line exercise courses with professional trainers providing on-site guidance.(它还提供由专业教练提供现场指导的离线锻炼课程。)”可知，FitPro Vitality提供线下训练课程，由专业老师进行现场指导。故选D。
23．A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Peloton Trek offers a wide range of free workout classes catering to people of all ages.( Peloton Trek为所有年龄段的人提供广泛的免费健身课程。)”和最后一段第二句“All of its workout videos and classes are available for free.(所有的健身视频和课程都是免费的。)”可知，这两个平台的课程都是免费的。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了萨米拉·霍顿从小因与众不同而遭受欺凌，后来通过音乐和反欺凌平台积极影响他人，传递正能量的故事。
24．B细节理解题。根据第一段中 “From the age of 6, Samirah Horton was bullied by her classmates for the things that made her different — her size and her sharp voice. Rather than giving up, Horton decided to pick up a microphone and make sure other children knew they weren’t alone.” 可知，萨米拉·霍顿建立反欺凌平台的动机是她自己被欺负的经历，她不想让其他孩子也经历同样的痛苦。故选B。
25．C推理判断题。根据第三段中“At 8, Horton turned one of her songs into a 26-page picture book, which has reached thousands of people across America. In the book, she references the over 160,000 students who miss school daily for fear of being bullied. ”可推知，萨米拉·霍顿把她的其中一首歌改编成图画书是为了传播她的反欺凌信息，让更多的人意识到欺凌问题的严重性。故选C。
26．B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Horton isn’t sure exactly what the future holds, but for now, she’s positive about leading her school’s student government. “I don’t know exactly what I’ll be doing, but I know I’ll be making a positive influence on the world,” she says.” 可推知，萨米拉·霍顿对她的未来持乐观态度，她相信自己能够产生积极的影响。故选B。
27．D推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “I don’t know exactly what I’ll be doing, but I know I’ll be making a positive influence on the world,” she says. She’s already on her way, but her biggest achievement in her own eyes is persuading others not to doubt themselves along the way. “Don’t care what anybody tells you,” she says. “You are never too young to make a change.” 及全文内容可知，文章讲述了萨米拉·霍顿从被欺负的经历中走出来，通过音乐和建立反欺凌平台等方式，向人们传递反欺凌的信息，并且她相信自己能够对世界产生积极影响。由此推知，作者想要传达的信息是年轻人也可以创造社会变革。故选D。
C
【语篇解读】欧洲大量引入风能和太阳能发电，但其不稳定性导致依赖天然气发电，而天然气价波动致使电价波动，需灵活系统应对。
D细节理解题。从第一段“The relationship between decarbonisation and swings in prices has been a controversial(有争议的)issue as governments consider clean energy strategies，”可知，有争议的问题是去碳化程度和电力价格波动的关系。故选D。
29. C词句猜测题。从第二段 “Vast quantities of wind and solar capacity have been introduced across Europe in recent years, but these power sources are intermittent, generating electricity only when winds blow or the sky is cloudless.”可知，太阳能和风能的发电依赖于天气，所以不稳定。故选C。
30. B 推断判断题。从第三段“Gas power plants,which can be switched on and off relatively easily, are frequently relied on to provide power when renewable generation is low.”可知，人们还需要在可再生能源发电量不足时依靠它们来提供电力。故选B。
31. D推断判断题。从第五段 “hydropower and nuclear technology, which are reliable generators”以及最后一段“Solving the problem will require nations to replace gas as the back-up fuel of choice. One answer is for grid operators to push the power system to become better able to absorb peaks and valleys in generation.”可知,在以风能和太阳能等可再生能源为主导的电网结构中需要比天然气更清洁且稳定的替代品,不但能稳定供电还能应对能源市场价格波动;而上文又提到核能和水力发电都是可靠的能源。故选D。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了康奈尔大学的研究，该研究关注记忆如何无干扰保存，揭示了非快速眼动睡眠阶段大脑处理新旧记忆的方式及研究意义。
32．C细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, it has been unclear how fresh memories are processed without blurring into old ones. For example, how do we learn to play the piano without forgetting how to ride a bike ”和第二段中“Researchers at Cornell University addressed this question by attaching brain-scanning electrodes and tiny eye-tracking cameras to mice.”可知，目前尚不清楚新记忆是如何在不与旧记忆混淆的情况下被处理的，康奈尔大学的研究人员通过研究解决了这个问题，即它们关注的是记忆如何在不与旧记忆混淆，在无干扰的情况下被保存的。故选C项。
33．D细节理解题。根据第四段中“It is also found that the brain has an intermediate (中间的) period that separates new learning from old knowledge. ”可知，大脑有一个过渡阶段将新旧记忆区分开来。故选D项。
34．B细节理解题。根据第五段中“What’s more, the findings provide a potential solution for preventing catastrophic interference while enabling memory integration in both biological and artificial neural networks.”可知，这项研究有助于避免大规模干扰并整合记忆。故选B项。
35．A主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段和第四段可知，文章主要围绕睡眠中大脑对新旧记忆进行整合的方式展开，它就像有一套特定的规则或代码。A项“Code of Memory Integration in Sleep.(睡眠记忆整合的代码)”能概括文章主要内容，适合做文章标题。故选A项。
七选五
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何通过增强“奖励敏感性”来培养幸福感。
36．B 根据上文“The secret to changing this is to strengthen “reward sensitivity”.(改变这种状况的秘密是增强“奖励敏感性”)”可知，空处需要解释什么是“奖励敏感性”，B选项“它是发现和真正享受积极体验的能力”符合语境，对“奖励敏感性”进行了明确的定义和解释。故选B。
37．D 根据下文“They often struggle to feel pleasure, a condition called anhedonia (无法体验快乐).(他们常常难以感受到快乐，这种状况被称为快感缺失)”可知，空处提到的人群可能存在某种心理问题，D选项“这对于那些患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人来说尤为重要”与上文形成衔接，指出了这类人群在奖励敏感性方面的特殊需求。故选D。
38．A 根据上文“A great way to strengthen reward sensitivity is to plan a small, fun activity daily.(增强奖励敏感性的一个好方法是每天计划一个小而有趣的活动)”可知，空处应该描述活动结束后的做法，A选项“之后，花点时间回忆一下这个经历”符合语境，指出了活动结束后应该进行回忆和反思。故选A。
39．G 根据下文“Instead of simply labeling an experience “good”, use more precise words like “thrilled”, “inspired”, or “peaceful”.(不要只是简单地将一次经历标记为“好”，而是使用更精确的词汇，如“激动”、“受到启发”或“平静”。)”可知，空处应该提到与情感词汇相关的内容，G选项“除了尽情享受，扩展你的情感词汇也能有所帮助”符合语境，引出了后文关于使用更精确情感词汇的建议。故选G。
40．F 根据上文“It’s important to remember that embracing happiness doesn’t mean ignoring pain.(重要的是要记住，拥抱幸福并不意味着忽视痛苦)”可知，应该说明尽管生活中有挑战，但感受快乐仍然有其重要意义，F选项“尽管生活充满挑战，但感受快乐有助于恢复平衡和坚韧”符合语境，强调了快乐在生活中的积极作用。故选F。
完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位母亲通过让儿子劳动体验生活，教会他责任与金钱价值的感人故事。
41．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据后文 “When her husband left them, Arthur became her only source of joy and purpose.”可知，Arthur是Jean的儿子。故选C项。
42．D 考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文 “When her husband left them, Arthur became her only source of joy and purpose.”可知，Jean决定给儿子Arthur最好的。故选D项。
43．B 考查动词词义辨析。根据前文 “to give him the best”和后文 “from a homemaker into a businesswoman”可知，为了给儿子最好的，Jean的身份发生了转变，从家庭主妇变成了女商人。故选B项。
44．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据前文 “her love and”和后文 “Arthur understood Mom’s sacrifice”可知，此处是指Arthur从小就认为妈妈的爱和牺牲是理所当然的。故选A项。
45．B 考查动词词义辨析。根据前文 “One day, while cleaning Arthur’s room, Jean found an MP3 under his bed and her credit card under his pillow.”和后文“her that Arthur had used her card”可知，Jean突然意识到Arthur未经允许就用了她的信用卡，sth. hit sb.表示“某人突然想到某事”。故选B项。
46．D 考查名词词义辨析。根据前文 “One day, while cleaning Arthur’s room, Jean found an MP3 under his bed and her credit card under his pillow.”及后文 “in using her credit card without permission”可知，Arthur未经允许就用了妈妈的信用卡。故选D项。
47．A 考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文 “Arthur had used her card without __46___, which explained the...”和后文 “$1,000 on her recent credit card bill”,可知，Arthur未经允许就用了信用卡，由此推知，Jean最近信用卡账单上多出额外的1000美元。故选A项。
48．B 考查动词短语辨析。根据后文 “a plan’和 “On the first day of Arthur’s summer break, Jean took Arthur to an old farm.’可知，Jean带儿子去了一个旧农场，由此推知，Jean想出了一个计划。故选B项。
49．C 考查动词词义辨析。根据后文 “using her card because all his friends had one”可知，Arthur承认了使用信用卡的事实。故选C项。
50．B 考查名词词义辨析。根据前文 “Jean proposed he work on the farm for two weeks to prove his”和后文 “to correct his mistakes”可知，Jean希望Arthur通过工作来证明他愿意改正错误。故选B项。
51．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据后文 “The hard labor taught him the meaning of effort, sacrifice, and the true value of money.”可知，Arthur遇到了他从未遇到过的困难。故选A项。
52．A 考查名词词义辨析。根据后文 “acknowledging his error. Jean forgave him”可知，Arthur承认了错误，Jean原谅了Arthur，由此推知，Arthur向Jean道歉。故选A项。
53．C 考查名词词义辨析。根据前文 “She wasn’t angry about how much money she lost, but was hurt by his...”和后文 “in using her credit card without permission”可知，Jean生气的是Arthur未经允许使用母亲的信用卡，这是一种不诚实的行为。故选C项。
54．D 考查动词词义辨析。根据后文 “with emotion, Arthur understood Mom’s sacrifice”可知，此处是指Arthur被情感所打动，理解了母亲的牺牲，be overcome with emotion表示“情绪激动”。故选D项。
55．D 考查介词短语辨析。根据前文 “I love you too, my little boy”和后文 “anything”可知，Jean对儿子的爱胜过一切。故选D项。
语法填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是由中国国家地理主办的中国野生动物影像和视频大赛的情况。
56．an考查冠词。句意：由《中国国家地理》主办的“中国野生动物影像录像大赛”一直是野生动物文献记录领域具有重要意义的活动。event是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，event是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an，故填an。
57．were selected考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：最近在北京举行的颁奖典礼上，从全球超过37,600份参赛作品中选出了17张出色的图片和视频，深深吸引了观众。图片和视频是被选择，由attracted可知句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，which指代的先行词17 remarkable images and videos是复数，因此空格处是were selected。故填were selected。
58．themed考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的比赛主题为 “Spirituality of Mountains and Seas”，旨在提高公众对野生动物和生态保护的意识。句中谓语是aims，空格处用非谓语动词，competition和theme之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填themed。
59．entries考查名词的复数。句意：在获奖作品中，Jia Haining团队关于黄河三角洲东方鹳的作品引人注目。entry是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，故填entries。
60．noticeably考查副词。句意：在获奖作品中，Jia Haining团队关于黄河三角洲东方鹳的作品引人注目。空格处用副词修饰动词短语stood out，noticeable的副词是noticeably，意为“显著地，引人注目地”，故填noticeably。
61．diversity考查名词。句意：他们精致的艺术品精美地展示了该地区的生态和谐和物种多样性。空格处用名词作宾语，diverse的名词是diversity，是不可数名词，意为“多样性”。故填diversity。
62．when考查定语从句。句意：为了拍摄这些鸟离开巢穴的动态瞬间，他们早在凌晨4:30就到达了拍摄地点。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词moment是时间，因此用关系副词when，故填when。
63．for考查介词。句意：他们耐心地等待了近两个月，等待小鹳的第一次飞行！wait for是固定短语，意为“等待”，因此空格处用介词for，故填for。
64．broader考查比较级。句意：此外，还设立了手机摄影和社交媒体参与特别奖，以鼓励更广泛的公众参与。根据语境可知，句子表示“以鼓励更广泛的公众参与”，空格处用比较级broader，表示“更广泛的”。故填broader。
65．to reconnect考查不定式。句意：正如Jane Goodall博士所指出的那样，这项竞赛具有激励人们，尤其是那些很少有机会亲身体验大自然的人，重新与自然世界建立联系的力量。inspire sb. to do sth.是固定短语，意为“激励某人做某事”，因此空格处是不定式to reconnect，故填to reconnect。
66. 第一节：One possible version
Dear Chris,
Thrilled to learn about your interest in the newly-established clubs in our school, I strongly recommend the Calligraphy Club to you.
The Club was founded by a group of Chinese calligraphy lovers, with several highly experienced calligraphy teachers providing guidance. It offers a variety of activities, ranging from training courses and lectures to competitions and exhibitions. It is a great opportunity to improve your handwriting and deepen your understanding of Chinese culture.
If you want to join, please fill in the application form on the club’s official website before June 10th. I am fully convinced that you will find it a rewarding and fulfilling experience.(105words)
Yours,
Li Hua
（一）评分原则
1. 本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 词数少于60或多于120的，从总分中减去2分。
4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。
7. 若用铅笔答题，不给分。
（二）各档次的给分范围和要求
第五档（13～15分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
—覆盖所有内容要点，表达清楚、合理；
—应用了较多复杂、高级的语法结构和词汇；
—语法结构或词汇使用准确，即使有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力；
—自然流畅地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
整体而言，完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档（10—12分）
完全完成了试题规定的任务。
—基本覆盖所有内容要点，表达比较清楚、合理；
—应用复杂高级的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求；
—语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致；
—应用了语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
整体而言，达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档（7—9分）
基本完成了试题规定的任务。
—虽漏掉一些要点内容，但覆盖所有主要内容，尚能表达出作文的要求；
—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，句子结构有一定的变化；
—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解；
—能应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。
第二档（4—6分）
未恰当完成试题规定的任务。
—漏掉或未描述清楚一些内容要点，有些内容与主题无关；
—应用的语法结构单调，词汇项目有限；
—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解；
—较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺乏连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档（1—3）
未完成试题规定的任务。
—明显漏掉主要内容，写了一些无关内容，偏离主题；
—语法结构非常单调，词汇项目非常有限；
—较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解，词不达意；
—缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者
0分
未作答；所写内容太少或者无法看清以致无法评判；所写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
67．第二节：One possible version:
The next day, David decided to make a change. He started hosting weekly book clubs, inviting people to share their love for books and stories. He added a cozy corner for people to relax, drink tea, and talk. Slowly, more people began to come, and the bookstore regained some of its old charm. But more importantly, David rediscovered the joy of simply sharing what he loved with others. He found himself looking forward to each new interaction, eager to connect with people who shared his passions. It wasn’t just about selling books anymore — it was about creating a space where people could escape, share, and feel seen.
Months later, David received a letter from Sophie. In the letter, Sophie thanked him for the impact the bookstore had on her life. She wrote, “Your bookstore isn’t just a place to buy books. It’s a place where people find comfort and connection. Thank you for keeping it open.” David smiled as he read the letter, He had never imagined that something as simple as a smile and a small conversation could change the course of his life. Sophie’s message reminded him of something important: the power of a smile, a kind word, and a place where people felt they belonged.
【语篇解读】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个小型书店老板David在经营困境中，因一位新顾客Sophie的到访而重拾希望的故事。David的书店因网络书店的冲击而生意惨淡，他面临着经济压力和对实体书籍未来的担忧。然而，Sophie的出现，她对书店的喜爱以及对园艺的热情，让David意识到书店的魅力不仅在于书籍本身，更在于为顾客提供一个温暖、受欢迎的环境。这次邂逅让David重新审视了书店的意义，也让他重新燃起了对经营书店的希望。
【续写思路】
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“第二天，David决定做出改变。”可知，第一段可描写具体的改变有哪些以及改变带来的积极影响。
②由第二段首句内容“几个月后，David收到了Sophie的来信。”可知，第二段可描写信的主要内容以及David的感悟。
2.续写线索：改变——影响——来信内容——感谢——感悟
（一）评分原则
1.本题总分为25分，按五个档次进行评分。
2.评分时，主要从内容、词汇、语法和语篇结构三个方面考查，具体为：
（1）续写内容的质量、续写的完整性以及与原文情境的融洽度。
（2）所使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性。
（3）上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。
3.评分时，应先根据作答的整体情况确定其所属的档次，然后以该档次的要求来综合衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。
4.评分时还应注意:
（1）词数少于120的，酌情扣分；
（2）单词拼写和标点符号是写作规范的重要方面，评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑，英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受；
（3）书写较差以致影响交际的，酌情扣分。
（二）分档划分标准
第五档（很好）(21~25分)：
(1)与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接非常合理，文章内容新颖、丰富、合理，非常有逻辑性，续写完整；
(2)所使用的语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，语言错误很少，且完全不影响意义表达；
(3)自然有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑，全文结构非常清晰，前后呼应，意义非常连贯。
第四档（好）(16~20分)：
(1)与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整；
(2)所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，表达比较流畅，可能有些许错误，但不影响意义表达；
(3)比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。
第三档（适当）(11~15分)：
(1)与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接，与原文情境基本相关，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强；
(2)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，但有一些错误，个别部分影响意义表达；
(3)应用简单的语句间连接成分，使上下文内容连贯，全文结构基本清晰。
第二档（较差）(6~10分)：
(1)与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接，内容和逻辑上有一些问题，续写不够完整；
(2)语法结构单调，词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达；
(3)较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。
第一档（差）(1~5分)：
(1)与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差，内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄写原文，续写不完整，与原文情境脱节；
(2)使用的语法结构单调，词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达；
(3)缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。
0分：
未作答；所写内容太少或无法看清以致无法评判；所写内容全部抄自原文或与题目要求完全不相关。
听力录音材料
Text 1
M: You’re at school early today! Did your dad bring you by car
W: Actually, there were no problems on the underground! I was lucky.
M: But my platform was crowded. I even thought about walking to school instead.
Text 2
W: So, are you going to become a member of the sports center
M: Yes. Actually, I joined it last week. I was quite good at football and volleyball at school. But maybe I’ll try tennis.
Text 3
W: Now, I can drive you to get the train to the concert in New Town, but I can’t pick you up later.
M: Oh. Will Dad be able to get me back home
W: Yes, but don’t forget to text him when you catch the train.
Text 4
W: Do you think it will be warmer tomorrow I’m so tired of all this rain.
M: Yes. I know. It doesn’t look sunny on the weather app, and the wind will be quite strong. And it’s going to be rainy again at the weekend.
W: Oh well, at least it won’t be wet tomorrow.
Text 5
W: I don’t like the school concert yesterday, mainly because the musicians hadn’t practiced enough. They were really bad, I think.
M:Really I think they played well, but I’ve never seen some of those instruments before.
Text 6
M:Hi, Andrea. Do you fancy going on a day trip to the beach this Saturday
W:Good idea！ Shall we take a picnic
M:Well, we’ve got a lot of bread for sandwiches. I’ll bring the drinks, too. You can bring cakes if you like.
W:OK, good idea. How much is the train fare Is it more than 10
M:Well, it is usually 12, but it’s 8 for us with our student card.
W: That’s good. I’ll take my student card.
M: Great! So, shall we meet at your house
W:There’s no point. I can meet you at the station. My mum will take me there.
M: OK. Let’s get the 8:30 train.
Text 7
M：Hi, Jane! Have you heard about the new laws to help people recycle
W: Yes, but I don’t think I like them.
M: The government wants to keep the environment clean by recycling paper, metal, and glass instead of throwing these things away.
W:But who wants to pay an extra 50 cents each time you buy a cup of coffee That’s a lot of money!
M: 50 cents It’s only five cents extra for a paper cup. And you can get your money back when you return the cup.
W: That’s reasonable. Well, maybe the government is right, after all. I’ll return all the paper coffee cups I use from now on.
M: Good! We all need to recycle. It helps to keep the environment clean.
Text 8
W: Hi Nigel. How’s your course
M: OK, I think it’s harder than I expected but I’ve got some friends who are doing the same course. I’m glad because we help each other study. But my best friends are doing other courses, such as literature and computer.
W: Jenny does business too, doesn’t she
M: Yes, we’re working on a project together.
W: What do you have to do in the project
M: We have to start a company and make money.
W: Doing what
M: We still haven’t decided. I’m interested in selling something, maybe through the student shop.
W: What sort of thing
M: Maybe something students use, like pens, notebooks,bags. Jenny’s talking about food or drink, but I’m not interested.
W: Maybe you should think about it for a few days. You might have clearer ideas then. Selling things to students is hard---they don’t have much money, so it must be something that they really want!
Text 9
W: Are you going to enter that competition to win a holiday, Ben
M: What competition
W: It’s for a travel company called Travel Light.
M: Really What do I have to do
W: Write a story. You’re good at stories.
M: When is the closing date
W: The 10th of March.
M：But it’s the 8th today!
W: Yes, so you’ve only got two days. You will know if you are the winner on the 18th of March.
M: Can I email my competition entry
W: No. You can post it , or you can take it to their office. It’s at 10 King’s street. Go down Green Road and turn left into Jessie Street and King’s street is on the left.
M: What can I win
W: This month, it’s a trip to Canada for you and your family. You get two weeks in a hotel and one week travelling around the Rocky Mountains.
M: Wow! Pass me a pen!
Text 10
W: My best friend Katy lives near a beautiful white sand beach. Her parents take us there every summer. The water is clean and refreshing. We have a lot of fun in the waves. Last year, there is an oil leak at Katy’s beach. We volunteered at the beach to clean up the oil and help the birds that were caught in the oil. When we arrived at the beach that day, the water was covered with oil and the white sand had turned black. It was an ugly sight. At first, the rescue workers would not let us on the beach. We had to watch from a distance. We watched as they put a huge machine in the water. The machine kept oil from spreading. Once they stopped the oil, we were allowed on the beach to help. Each of us was given a broom. We swept the oil into a pile. The worker took it away in big trucks. We all worked very hard that day to restore the beach. Once the oil was removed, the birds that had been caught in the oil had to be helped. We were very proud of ourselves that day. We helped save our beautiful beach and the birds who visit it.

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