资源简介

(共19张PPT)
Unit3 The Internet
Discovering useful structures
被动语态
被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系，表示主语是动作的承受者。一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成，其时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。
be动词+动词过去分词
一般说来，当强调动作承受者，不必说出执行者或含糊不清的执行者时，多用被动语态。需要注意的是，许多地方与汉语不同。注意：那些汉语中有“被……”的短语往往又不是被动语态，而是主系表结构。还有些特殊现象，如：“known to me的意思，英语却应该用被动态。
还要注意，英语的被动语态往往由“by”引出，而有用介词“by on foot”步行（美国人有时用“by foot”），“in carriage”（乘四轮马车）等等。还有假主动，真被动的十几个常用词的用法，以及“so heavy to carry”而不用“so heavy to be carried”等习惯用法。
被动语态常用于陈述事实，一般用在科技文章或新闻报道中。
口诀
一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be有人称、时、数变。
完成时态have（has）done，被动将been加中间。
一般将来shall（will）do，被动变do为be done。
将来进行无被动，shall（will）be doing。
现在完成时，被动 have（has）been done。
现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。
情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。
否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。
主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。
一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。
复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
主动语态变为被动语态例句：
一般现在时：
主：We believe him.
被：He is believed by us.
一般过去时：
主：He bought his children some pens.
被：Some pens were bought for his children by him.
Change the sentences into the present perfect passive voice.
Example
They have built a kind of new PC with more functions.
→A kind of new PC has been built with more functions.
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
1. I have downloaded the software to help my phone battery last longer.
2. Someone has lost an identity card.
3. Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password
4. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file
5. Has anyone made a comment about the online database
The software has been downloaded to help my phone battery last longer.
An identity card has been lost.
Has the Wi-Fi password been confirmed
Has the button been pressed yet to copy the file
Has a/any comment been made about the online database
1. A：Why can’t I access my account
B: _______your personal information ______ (update)
2. Both learning sites____________ (visit) by over 10000 people since last year.
3. This keyboard______________ (not use ) for a long time.
4.Can you tell me what________ _____(do) to bridge the digital divide
5. In the past year I_________________ (inspire) to buy e-books instead of paper books.
6.A: Where can I read those comments
B: Online. They________ ( post) already.
7. It seems that more health problems_____ _ ( cause) by mobile phones.
8.That app_________ (delete) from my smartphone already.
Complete the sentences with the present perfect passive voice of the given verbs
(Workbook P74 Activity 1)
Has
been updated
have been visited
haven’t been used
has been done
have been inspired
have been posted
have been caused
has been deleted
Complete the notice with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. (Workbook P75 )
Notice to parents
Dear Parents,
We hope you will welcome this news. Almost 100 computers ___________ (give) to us by a local computer company since the end of last year. A decision ____________(make) to begin a computer teaching experiment at our school. Our plan ________________(support) with technical equipment and advice which _______________(provide) by the City Information Technology Center. Every teacher _________________(provide) with a laptop since the beginning of this term.
More importantly, most of our courses ________________(teach) using computers. We ________________(help) in our teaching by a lot of information from the Internet. Also, a new computer room _______________(set up) in our school. We hope you will be happy with this exciting new development in our school.
No. 8 Senior High School
has been made
have been given
has been supported
has been provided
has been provided
have been taught
have been helped
has been set up
Present perfect passive voice
1. 现在完成时的被动语态中been 一定不能忘记。
2. 注意break, catch, teach等动词的过去式和过去分词的不规则变化形式。
3. 不及物动词（短语动词）没有被动语态，如：happen, take place, die, appear, break out, belong to等。
三、现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项：
1.Great changes ________________ (take place) in my hometown and a lot of factories ______________ (set up)since last year.
2.Tom ________________________(catch) by the police for a long time.
3.Recently a terrible thing ______________ (happen) to her.
4. More public transport ______ _______ (build) in China, making it easier for people to travel.
5. I ________________ (show) around the Water Cube for many times since it was built.
6. We’ve done a lot of work on it, but we _______________ (finish) yet.
have taken place
have been set up
has been caught
has happened
has been built
have been shown
have finished
Discussion
The basic composition of passive voice
(被动语态的基本构成)
一般式 进行式 完成式
现在时
过去时
将来时
am / is / are done
was / were done
shall / will be done
am / is / are being done
was / were being done
has / have been done
had been done
总结：
基本用法
基本句式
注意事项
1.对现在造成的影响
2.持续到现在,并有可能继续进行
3.用在时间或条件等状从,表将来某时已完成
现在完成进行时的被动语态
1.肯定式：have / has been done
2.否定式：have / has not been done
3.一般疑问句：把have / has提到主语前
4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have / has been done
3个
1.Finish the Activities 2、3、5 in Using Structure of Workbook on page 74-75.
2.Finish P56-58 on《伴你学》
homework
Thank you !
Have a nice day!

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