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沪教版（2024）七年级下册英语Unit 6 Electricity everywhere
单元测试卷（含解析）
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
1. I turned on the lamp and read a book ______ before going to bed.
A. for a while B. in a while C. after a while D. a while ago
2. The teacher gave us a difficult ______ to complete: to design a model of a power station.
A. work B. task C. job D. labour
3. Remember to ______ the fan when you leave the room to save electricity.
A. turn up B. turn down C. turn off D. turn on
4. Many people today only ______ about earning money and forget to enjoy life.
A. care B. think C. look D. talk
5. Microwave ovens use electricity ______ food quickly.
A. cook B. cooking C. to cook D. cooked
6. ______ we can’t see air, we know it exists (存在).
A. But B. And C. So D. Although
7. The Internet ______ people from different countries, making the world smaller.
A. separates B. connects C. divides D. breaks
8. It’s necessary for students ______ how to use electricity safely at home.
A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learned
9. The new light bulb ______ a lot of heat besides light.
A. gives up B. gives in C. gives off D. gives away
10. The local power station ______ electricity to over 100,000 homes in the city.
A. provides B. offers C. gives D. supplies
11. —______ I use your charger Mine is broken.
—Yes, but you ______ return it before class.
A. Must; can B. Could; must C. Need; may D. Should; might
12. Visitors must get ______ from the office before entering the science lab.
A. instruction B. permission C. invitation D. information
13. The sky is dark. There ______ be a thunderstorm tonight.
A. maybe B. may be C. may D. might
14. Paper-making is one of the greatest inventions in Chinese ______.
A. culture B. history C. society D. art
15. The ______ of solar energy is becoming more popular in daily life.
A. use B. useful C. useless D. using
二、选词填空（每小题1分，共5分）
从方框中选择合适的词并用其正确形式填空。
connect, produce, safety, change, difference
1. Always pay attention to ______ when working with electrical equipment.
2. Wind turbines (风力发电机) ______ electricity from wind power.
3. Can you ______ this electrical energy into mechanical energy (机械能)
4. Please ______ the printer to the computer via USB cable.
5. There are many ______ between traditional and modern power stations.
三、单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）
根据中文提示或首字母填写单词。
1. We can’t live without ______ (电) in modern society.
2. Be ______ (小心的) when using a knife to open the box.
3. The light bulb is a useful ______ (发明) by Thomas Edison.
4. The ______ (电线) in the wall carries electricity to every room.
5. We should ______ (节约) water and electricity in our daily lives.
6. The sun ______ (照亮) the earth and gives us heat.
7. My father is an ______ (工程师) who designs power plants.
8. Follow the ______ (规则) of the lab when doing experiments.
9. ______ (化学的) energy can be converted into electrical energy.
10. These ______ (电池) need to be recycled properly after use.
四、完成句子（5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据中文提示补全句子，每空一词。
1. 电在我们日常生活中被广泛使用。
Electricity is widely used ______ ______ ______ life.
2. 你能告诉我电是如何产生的吗？
Can you tell me ______ electricity ______ produced
3. 我们必须确保所有电器都关闭了。
We must ______ ______ all electrical appliances are turned off.
4. 这个机器人充满能量，可以工作一整天。
The robot is ______ ______ energy and can work all day.
5. 明年将新建一座太阳能发电站。
A new solar power station ______ ______ ______ next year.
五、阅读理解（5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读短文，选择正确答案。
Electricity: A Modern Necessity
Electricity is an essential part of our modern lives. We use it to light our homes, power our computers, and run appliances like refrigerators and washing machines. But where does electricity come from
Most electricity is produced in power stations. These stations use various methods, such as burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) or harnessing (利用) renewable energy like wind and water. For example, hydroelectric (水力发电的) stations use the power of flowing water, while wind farms use wind turbines.
Electricity is useful but dangerous. It can cause serious injuries or fires if not used properly. Always remember to turn off appliances when they are not in use and never touch electrical wires with wet hands.
Scientists are working hard to find cleaner ways to produce electricity, such as solar power and nuclear energy. This helps reduce pollution and protect our planet for future generations.
1. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The history of electricity. B. The uses and production of electricity.
C. The dangers of electricity. D. The future of electricity.
2. Which of the following is a renewable energy source
A. Coal B. Oil C. Wind D. Gas
3. Why must we be careful with electricity
A. It is expensive. B. It is hard to produce.
C. It can be dangerous. D. It is limited.
4. What should we NOT do when using electricity
A. Turn off appliances. B. Touch wires with dry hands.
C. Use wet hands near electricity. D. Follow safety rules.
5. What are scientists trying to do
A. Use more fossil fuels. B. Find cleaner energy sources.
C. Stop using electricity. D. Increase electricity production.
六、完形填空（10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。
Last night, the electricity in my neighborhood went out suddenly. I was doing my homework by the desk lamp when everything turned 1______. The fridge stopped working, and my phone couldn’t charge. My family and I tried to find 2______, but we had no candles at home.
In the dark, we had to sit together and talk. We usually spend evenings 3______ our own devices (设备), but tonight we shared stories. It was a strange 4______ without TV or the Internet. I realized how much we 5______ on electricity.
The next morning, the electricity came back on. I 6______ to use electricity more wisely. For example, I’ll turn off lights when leaving a room and 7______ charging my phone overnight.
Over-use of electricity causes 8______ problems like global warming. We should all take action to 9______ energy. Every small step, like using low-energy bulbs, can make a 10______.
1. A. bright B. dark C. quiet D. noisy
2. A. food B. water C. light D. heat
3. A. on B. in C. at D. for
4. A. experience B. experiment C. expression D. exercise
5. A. carry B. depend C. put D. turn
6. A. refused B. forgot C. decided D. failed
7. A. avoid B. enjoy C. practise D. suggest
8. A. health B. environmental C. social D. personal
9. A. waste B. save C. produce D. use
10. A. mistake B. choice C. difference D. plan
七、短文填空（每小题1分，共10分）
根据语境或首字母提示填空，每空一词。
Electricity is a form of energy that powers our daily lives. We use it for lighting, cooking, and 1______ (drive) machines. Most electricity is produced in power stations, which can use fossil fuels or 2______ (renew) energy sources like solar and wind.
When using electricity, 3______ (safe) is very important. Never touch 4______ (electricity) parts with wet hands. If there is a power 5______ (fail), use candles instead of open flames.
We can also help by 6______ (save) electricity. Turn off lights when leaving a room and unplug (拔掉插头) appliances when they are not in 7______. This reduces energy 8______ (consume) and lowers bills.
Scientists are developing new 9______ (technology) to make electricity production cleaner. By using 10______ (little) fossil fuels, we can protect the environment for future generations.
八、任务型阅读（5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读短文，回答下列问题。
Tips for Using Electricity Safely
1. Always check electrical appliances for damage before using them.
2. Never plug too many devices into one socket (插座) — this can cause fires.
3. Keep water away from electrical equipment. Never use a hair dryer near a sink or bathtub.
4. Teach children not to play with sockets or electrical wires.
5. Unplug appliances when they are not in use, such as TVs and computers.
6. In case of a power outage (停电), use flashlights instead of candles to avoid fire risks.
1. Why shouldn’t we plug too many devices into one socket
__________________________________________________________
2. What should we keep away from electrical equipment
__________________________________________________________
3. What should we teach children about electricity
__________________________________________________________
4. What’s the safe way to light up during a power outage
__________________________________________________________
5. How many tips does the passage provide
__________________________________________________________
九、书面表达（15分）
请以“Electricity in Our Daily Lives”为题，写一篇短文，内容包括：
1. 电在日常生活中的重要性（如照明、烹饪、娱乐等）；
2. 安全用电的注意事项（至少两点）；
3. 节约用电的做法（至少一点）。
要求：
1. 语句通顺，语法正确，不少于80词；
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Electricity in Our Daily Lives
Electricity is essential to our modern lives. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）
1. 答案：A
解析：for a while（一会儿）表示持续一段时间，符合“睡前读了一会儿书”的语境。in a while（不久后）、after a while（过了一会儿）、a while ago（不久前）均不符合时态和句意。
2. 答案：B
解析：task（任务）指具体的工作，符合“设计发电站模型”的语境。work（工作）为不可数名词，job（职业）、labour（劳动）均不贴切。
3. 答案：C
解析：turn off（关闭）与“离开房间节约用电”匹配。turn up（调大）、turn down（调小）、turn on（打开）均不符合逻辑。
4. 答案：A
解析：care about（关心）表示“只关心赚钱”，think about（思考）、look about（环顾）、talk about（谈论）均不符合句意。
5. 答案：C
解析：use sth. to do sth.（用某物做某事）为固定结构，微波炉用电做饭，故选to cook。
6. 答案：D
解析：Although（尽管）引导让步状语从句，“尽管看不见空气，但知道其存在”，逻辑通顺。But（但是）不能用于句首，And（和）、So（所以）不符合语境。
7. 答案：B
解析：connect（连接）符合“互联网连接不同国家的人”的语境。separate（分离）、divide（分割）、break（打破）均为反义词。
8. 答案：C
解析：It’s necessary for sb. to do sth.（对某人来说做某事是必要的）为固定句型，故选to learn。
9. 答案：C
解析：give off（发出热量/光）为固定短语，give up（放弃）、give in（屈服）、give away（赠送）均不符合句意。
10. 答案：D
解析：supply sth. to sb.（向某人供应某物）为固定搭配，provide/offer/give均需搭配不同介词（provide/offer sth. to sb.，give sth. to sb.），但supply更强调“系统性供应”，符合“发电站供电”的语境。
11. 答案：B
解析：Could I... （我可以……吗？）表示委婉请求，must（必须）强调归还的必要性。其他选项情态动词含义不符。
12. 答案：B
解析：permission（许可）符合“进入实验室需获得办公室许可”的语境。instruction（指示）、invitation（邀请）、information（信息）均不恰当。
13. 答案：C
解析：may为情态动词，后接动词原形be，there may be（可能有）。maybe为副词，不可直接接be动词；might语气更委婉，但此处语境无需委婉。
14. 答案：A
解析：Chinese culture（中国文化）中“造纸术是伟大发明之一”，history（历史）、society（社会）、art（艺术）均不如culture贴切。
15. 答案：A
解析：the use of...（……的使用）为名词短语，useful（有用的）、useless（无用的）为形容词，using为动名词，均不符合“the + 名词 + of”结构。
二、选词填空（每小题1分，共5分）
1. 答案：safety
解析：pay attention to safety（注意安全），用名词形式。
2. 答案：produce
解析：风力发电机“生产”电力，主语为复数，用动词原形produce。
3. 答案：change
解析：change...into...（将……转化为……），情态动词can后接动词原形。
4. 答案：connect
解析：connect...to...（将……连接到……），祈使句用动词原形。
5. 答案：differences
解析：many后接可数名词复数，difference（差异）用复数形式。
三、单词拼写（每小题1分，共10分）
1. 答案：electricity
解析：“电”为不可数名词，直接填electricity。
2. 答案：careful
解析：be careful（小心的），用形容词作表语。
3. 答案：invention
解析：“发明”用名词invention，空前有an，用单数。
4. 答案：wire
解析：“电线”用wire，根据谓语动词carries可知用单数。
5. 答案：save
解析：“节约”用动词save，need to do sth.结构用原形。
6. 答案：lights
解析：“照亮”用light，主语the sun为第三人称单数，用lights。
7. 答案：engineer
解析：“工程师”用engineer，空前有an，用单数。
8. 答案：rules
解析：“规则”用rule，常用复数形式rules（实验室规则）。
9. 答案：Chemical
解析：“化学的”用形容词Chemical，句首首字母大写。
10. 答案：batteries
解析：“电池”用battery，these后接复数batteries。
四、完成句子（每小题2分，共10分）
1. 答案：in our daily
解析：“在日常生活中”固定短语为in our daily life。
2. 答案：how; is
解析：宾语从句用陈述语序，“如何产生”为how...is produced。
3. 答案：make sure
解析：“确保”固定短语为make sure，后接宾语从句。
4. 答案：full of
解析：“充满”固定短语为be full of，与energy搭配。
5. 答案：will be built
解析：被动语态的一般将来时结构为will be + 过去分词，“将被建造”为will be built。
五、阅读理解（每小题2分，共10分）
1. 答案：B
解析：短文主要介绍电的用途（照明、供电等）和生产方式（发电站、能源类型），故选B。
2. 答案：C
解析：可再生能源包括wind（风能），coal（煤）、oil（石油）、gas（天然气）均为化石燃料（非可再生）。
3. 答案：C
解析：文中明确提到“Electricity is useful but dangerous.”，故选C。
4. 答案：C
解析：原文指出“never touch electrical wires with wet hands”，故C（用湿手接触电线）是禁止的行为。
5. 答案：B
解析：最后一段提到“Scientists are working hard to find cleaner ways to produce electricity”，故选B（寻找更清洁的能源）。
六、完形填空（每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. 答案：B
解析：停电后“到处变暗”，dark（黑暗的）符合语境。bright（明亮的）、quiet（安静的）、noisy（吵闹的）均不符。
2. 答案：C
解析：寻找“光源”，light（光）符合句意，与后文“没有蜡烛”呼应。
3. 答案：A
解析：spend time on sth.（在某物上花费时间），固定搭配，故选on。
4. 答案：A
解析：“没有电视和网络的奇怪经历”，experience（经历）符合语境。experiment（实验）、expression（表达）、exercise（锻炼）均不恰当。
5. 答案：B
解析：depend on（依赖），“意识到我们有多依赖电”，固定短语。
6. 答案：C
解析：decide to do sth.（决定做某事），“决定更明智地用电”，符合语境。
7. 答案：A
解析：avoid doing sth.（避免做某事），“避免整夜给手机充电”，故选avoid。
8. 答案：B
解析：global warming（全球变暖）属于environmental（环境的）问题，故选B。
9. 答案：B
解析：save energy（节约能源），与前文“过度用电”形成对比，故选save。
10. 答案：C
解析：make a difference（产生影响），固定短语，“每一小步都能带来改变”。
七、短文填空（每小题1分，共10分）
1. 答案：driving
解析：与lighting、cooking并列，用动名词driving，use sth. for doing sth.结构。
2. 答案：renewable
解析：“可再生能源”为renewable energy，形容词作定语。
3. 答案：safety
解析：作主语，用名词safety（安全）。
4. 答案：electrical
解析：“电气部件”用形容词electrical修饰parts。
5. 答案：failure
解析：power failure（停电），固定短语，用名词failure。
6. 答案：saving
解析：by doing sth.（通过做某事），用动名词saving（节约）。
7. 答案：use
解析：in use（在使用中），固定短语，“不使用时拔掉插头”。
8. 答案：consumption
解析：energy consumption（能源消耗），用名词形式。
9. 答案：technologies
解析：technology（技术）为可数名词，new technologies（新技术）用复数。
10. 答案：fewer
解析：修饰可数名词fuels，“更少的化石燃料”用fewer（比较级），与cleaner呼应。
八、任务型阅读（每小题2分，共10分）
1. 答案：Because it can cause fires.
解析：根据提示2“Never plug too many devices into one socket — this can cause fires.”直接回答。
2. 答案：We should keep water away from electrical equipment.
解析：提示3明确提到“Keep water away from electrical equipment.”
3. 答案：Teach children not to play with sockets or electrical wires.
解析：提示4指出“Teach children not to play with sockets or electrical wires.”
4. 答案：Use flashlights.
解析：提示6建议“In case of a power outage, use flashlights instead of candles.”
5. 答案：Six.
解析：短文列出6条安全用电提示。
九、书面表达（15分）
参考范文：
Electricity in Our Daily Lives
Electricity is essential to our modern lives. It lights up our homes, powers our computers, and allows us to cook with modern appliances. We also rely on it for entertainment, like watching TV or playing video games. Without electricity, our daily routines would be greatly affected.
When using electricity, safety is crucial. First, never touch electrical devices with wet hands to avoid accidents. Second, don’t plug too many appliances into one socket to prevent fires. We should also teach children to stay away from sockets and wires.
To save electricity, we can turn off lights and unplug devices when they are not in use. Using energy-saving bulbs is another effective way. By using electricity wisely, we not only protect ourselves but also contribute to environmental protection.

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