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题组【题型易-临门一脚】2025年中考 考前冲刺
人与社会——人文社科与技术
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题型&话题 查漏补缺
一、完形填空： Lucy 的爱心毛毯 词块积累1
二、阅读理解：词典的制作 词块积累2
三、六选五：人工智能语音翻译技术 词块积累3
四、信息匹配：扬州旅游及生活 词块积累4
一、 完形填空：
（2024·广东深圳·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选取出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
Blankets (毛毯) can keep you warm on cold nights or clean and relatively dry on rainy days. But Lucy Blaylock makes blankets for a different purpose: to comfort people who are going through 1 times. She wants her blankets to feel like a big and 2 hug.
Lucy learned to sew (缝纫) three years ago, when she was eight. After she 3 a blanket for a friend’s birthday, she started to think about other kids who might need a little extra love. She didn’t know whether she was right so she shared her 4 on a social website for help. Surprisingly, she received sixteen 5 from children facing issues such as cancer, heart disease and the death of a grandmother.
“It makes me 6 when I think of the kids getting the package in the mail and then opening it,” said Lucy. “I always hope they know someone 7 them.”
Since 2019, Lucy has 8 donated 500 Lucy’s Love Blankets to kids living in fourteen countries and nearly 36 states. She spends about half an hour sewing her name and the logo inside a heart on the blankets each time.
For kids who enjoy volunteering, she 9 them to go ahead without hesitation (犹豫). “Don’t wait until you have everything ready. Just do it, and keep going,” she said. “Even when you feel like it might not be making so big a difference, serving other people always 10 .”
1．A．difficult B．perfect C．pleasant D．useless
2．A．cold B．warm C．slow D．quick
3．A．bought B．showed C．made D．wore
4．A．joy B．idea C．chore D．success
5．A．instructions B．apologies C．invitations D．responses
6．A．annoyed B．excited C．frightened D．interested
7．A．believes in B．stares at C．cares about D．guards against
8．A．totally B．gently C．suddenly D．luckily
9．A．asked B．allowed C．encouraged D．warned
10．A．suffers B．depends C．happens D．matters
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了女孩Lucy通过赠送自制的毛毯给那些困境中的人送去温暖的故事。
1．句意：但露西·布莱洛克制作毯子有不同的目的：安慰那些正在经历困难时期的人。
difficult困难的；perfect完美的；pleasant令人愉快的；useless无用的。根据“She wants her blankets to feel like a big and...hug.”可知，露西做毯子是为了安慰正经历艰难时期的人，所以此处应是艰难的时期。故选A。
2．句意：她希望她的毯子给人的感觉像一个大大的、温暖的拥抱。
cold寒冷的；warm温暖的；slow缓慢的；quick快速的。结合前文“to comfort people”，可知安慰人应该是温暖的拥抱。故选B。
3．句意：在她为朋友生日制作了一条毯子后，开始思考其他可能需要额外关爱的孩子。
bought买；showed展示；made制作；wore穿。因为她会缝纫，所以是made a blanket“制作了一条毯子”，符合语境。故选C。
4．句意：她不知道自己是否正确，所以在社交网站上分享她的想法寻求帮助。
joy喜悦；idea想法；chore杂务；success成功。这里指的是她在网上分享关于给其他孩子做毯子的想法。故选B。
5．句意：令人惊讶的是，她收到了十六个回复，来自面临如癌症、心脏病和祖母去世等问题的孩子。
instructions指示；apologies道歉；invitations邀请；responses回复。根据前文“she shared her idea on a social website for help”，可知在网上分享想法，收到的应是回复。故选D。
6．句意：当我想到孩子们收到邮件里的包裹然后打开它时，这让我很兴奋。
annoyed恼怒的；excited兴奋的；frightened害怕的；interested感兴趣的。想到孩子们收到包裹开心的样子，她应是兴奋的。故选B。
7．句意：我总是希望他们知道有人关心他们。
believes in相信；stares at盯着看；cares about关心；guards against防范。露西做毯子给孩子们是为了安慰他们，所以是希望孩子们知道有人关心他们。故选C。
8．句意：自2019年以来，露西总共已经向生活在十四个国家和近36个州的孩子们捐赠了500条“露西的爱心毛毯”。
totally总共；gently温柔地；suddenly突然地；luckily幸运地。这里表示捐赠毯子的总数。故选A。
9．句意：对于喜欢做志愿服务的孩子们，她鼓励他们毫不犹豫地去做。
asked问；allowed允许；encouraged鼓励；warned警告。根据“Don’t wait until you have everything ready. Just do it, and keep going”可知，她是鼓励孩子们去做志愿服务。故选C。
10．句意：即使当你觉得这可能不会有太大的影响，但为他人服务总是很重要的。
suffers遭受；depends依靠；happens发生；matters要紧，重要。这里强调为他人服务是重要的，“matters”符合语境。故选D。
词块积累1- Lucy 的爱心毛毯
1. volunteering and kindness：志愿活动与善举，Lucy 通过制作毛毯帮助困境中的孩子，这是志愿活动的一种形式，体现了善良与关爱，能引导初中生参与志愿活动，传递爱心。
2. helping others in need：帮助有需要的人，关注癌症、心脏病患者及失去亲人的孩子，培养学生的同情心和社会责任感，让他们学会关心他人。
3. sewing skills for good：用缝纫技能做好事，Lucy 利用自己的缝纫技能制作毛毯，展示了技能可以用于帮助他人，鼓励学生发挥自身特长为社会做贡献。
4. sharing ideas online：在网上分享想法，Lucy 在社交网站分享想法获得回应，说明网络可用于传播爱心和召集帮助，让学生了解网络的积极作用。
5. encouraging volunteering：鼓励志愿服务，Lucy 鼓励其他孩子参与志愿活动，强调行动的重要性，激发学生参与志愿服务的热情。
6. the impact of small acts：小举动的影响，Lucy 的毛毯虽小，但给孩子们带来温暖和关爱，让学生明白小小的善举也能产生大影响。
二、 阅读理解：
（2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past
Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.
That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.
So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a lawmaker.
As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
1. Why did dictionary writers read important books
A．To know more about the period.
B．To collect words and their uses.
C．To understand different subjects.
D．To learn to use interesting words.
2. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past
A．①—③—④—② B．①—②—④—③
C．③—④—②—① D．③—①—④—②
3. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A．It should be done by historians.
B．It was a task of inventing and recording.
C．It was long-time hard work.
D．It had to use the law-making rules.
4. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication
A．Be open to the new uses of words.
B．Follow the dictionary strictly.
C．Use online dictionaries instead.
D．Try to create new words.
5. What’s the main idea of this article
A．Ways to make a dictionary B．Steps to make a dictionary
C．The origin of dictionaries D．The history of dictionaries
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. A
【导语】本文主要讲述了词典的制作过程及其演变。
1. 细节理解题。根据“Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.”可知，词典编纂者阅读重要书籍的目的是为了收集单词及其用法。故选B。
2. 细节理解题。根据“That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected”及“As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z).”可知，先收集单词及其用法，然后按照字母顺序排列；根据“Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.”可知，词典编纂者筛选卡片，根据该词的常见用法将卡片分开。最后，按照硬性规定写下定义。因此正确的顺序是③—①—④—②。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据“For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years.”可知，过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据“However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.”可知，作者建议我们要接受词汇的新用法。故选A。
5. 主旨大意题。根据“But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past ”及全文可知，本文主要讲述了词典的制作过程及其演变。故选A。
词块积累2-词典的制作
1. dictionary - making process：词典制作过程，涵盖收集单词、排序卡片、划分用法和撰写定义等步骤，帮助学生了解知识的整理和规范过程，培养逻辑思维。
2. collecting words and examples：收集单词和例句，通过阅读重要书籍获取信息，让学生明白知识积累的重要性，以及如何从资料中提取关键信息。
3. alphabetical order：字母顺序，按字母顺序排列卡片以便查找和整理，这是一种常见的信息分类方法，可应用于学习和生活中的信息管理。
4. defining words：定义单词，依据卡片内容定义单词，要求准确客观，培养学生严谨的治学态度和对知识准确性的追求。
5. evolution of dictionaries：词典的演变，从过去的制作方式到如今的在线词典，反映科技和社会发展对知识传播的影响，让学生了解事物的发展变化。
6. using dictionaries wisely：明智使用词典，不能完全依赖词典，要接受词汇新用法，培养学生的创新思维和对语言变化的敏感度。
三、 六选五：
（2024·贵州毕节·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
AI-powered speech translation (人工智能语音翻译) is nothing new nowadays. The working step is to record speech, change it into text, translate that into another language, and change it back to speech. 1
Usually, some official languages, like English or French, can be easily translated. Many other kinds of languages can’t be recorded by the system in advance. 2 After all, we note that about 3,000 languages in the world only have spoken forms. A new open-source system that can translate speech from one language into another in real time can solve this problem.
With the help of technology, communication can be much easier. The new system is hoped to be used to improve communication in both the real world and the virtual (虚拟的) world. So far, the system is only able to provide easy translations between English and Hokkien. Hokkien is another name for the Minnan language. 3 The system uses several ways to perform this task, including translating speech into acoustics (声学) and then forming wave forms from it.
Next, AI models will be trained by using Standard Chinese text as a translator between English and Hok-kien. 4 According to a researcher, however, this is just the first step toward making real-time translation between languages and reality in the future.
5 Only by breaking down language difficulties, such AI technology will hopefully lead to greater understanding among speakers of different languages.
A．However, this method has clear disadvantages.
B．Because they don’t have standard written forms.
C．There is still a long way to go for the technology.
D．The translation from AI technology isn’t so good as that by human.
E．At present, the system can simply translate only one sentence at a time.
F．It’s a kind of local Chinese language that does not have a standard written form.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. F 4. E 5. C
【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能语音翻译技术的现状和发展前景。
1. 根据前文“The working step is to record speech, change it into text, translate that into another language, and change it back to speech.”可知，此处先介绍了人工智能语音翻译已经开始运用了，并且描述了其工作步骤，结合下文，这里应指出现有方法的缺陷。选项A“然而，这种方法有明显的缺点。”符合语境。故选A。
2. 根据前文“Many other kinds of languages can’t be recorded by the system in advance.”及后文“After all, we note that about 3,000 languages in the world only have spoken forms.”可知，很多其他种类的语言是系统无法提前记录的，且很多语言只有口头形式。选项B“因为他们没有标准的书面形式。”符合语境。故选B。
3. 根据前文“So far, the system is only able to provide easy translations between English and Hokkien. Hokkien is another name for the Minnan language.”可知，此处介绍闽南语的特点。选项F“它是一种没有标准书写形式的本土汉语。”符合语境。故选F。
4. 根据前文“Next, AI models will be trained by using Standard Chinese text as a translator between English and Hok-kien.”可知，此处介绍了用于翻译英语和闽南语的人工智能语音翻译系统正在初步试验中。选项E“目前，该系统一次只能简单地翻译一句话。”符合语境。故选E。
5. 根据后文“Only by breaking down language difficulties, such AI technology will hopefully lead to greater understanding among speakers of different languages.”可知，最后总结人工智能语音翻译技术的前景。选项C“该技术还有很长的路要走。”符合语境。故选C。
词块积累3-人工智能语音翻译技术
1. AI - powered speech translation：人工智能语音翻译，当下的翻译技术，提高沟通效率，但存在不足，让学生了解科技在语言领域的应用和发展。
2. limitations of translation systems：翻译系统的局限性，部分语言因无标准书面形式难以翻译，让学生认识到科技发展的阶段性和挑战，培养解决问题的意识。
3. new open - source system：新的开源系统，可实时翻译，有望改善沟通，激发学生对新技术的关注和对科技进步的期待。
4. language translation challenges：语言翻译的挑战，不同语言的特点和差异给翻译带来困难，增强学生对语言多样性的理解和尊重。
5. future of AI translation：人工智能翻译的未来，目前处于初步阶段，未来发展空间大，鼓励学生关注科技前沿，培养对科技的探索精神。
6. breaking language barriers：打破语言障碍，人工智能翻译技术有助于促进不同语言使用者的理解，培养学生的全球视野和跨文化交流意识。
四、 信息匹配：
（2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）下面的材料A-F分别是五名学生的回复。请根据五名学生的个人问题，帮助他们选择合适的回复。
QUESTIONS 1 Asked by Robert from USA| Feb.25, 2023 11:21 Q: We’d like to visit the city of Yangzhou from Shanghai. Is there any high speed train 2 Asked by Mr. Cheverton from Australia| Jul.17, 2023 20:27 Q: I have holidays in late December and will be in Hong Kong, and want to visit Yangzhou. Are river cruises (河轮) still operating 3 Asked by Eric Yeo from Singapore| May. 15, 2023 02:53 Q: Can I know where I can eat the nicest Yangzhou Fried Rice along Dongguan Street area 4 Asked by Roy from USA| Mar.12, 2023 12:27 Q: Is it possible to live in Yangzhou and go to work by bus in Yizheng every day 5 Asked by Frank from Shenzhen| Oct.4, 2023 08:55 Q: I plan to visit Yangzhou at the end of this month. How about the weather and scenery in Yangzhou
A．Answered by Ms. Chen from China| Jul. 18, 2023 04:24 I don’t think it is a good idea to visit the city in winter, which is famous for natural scenery. The best time should be spring and summer. And, the weather may be somewhat cold during Dec., which isn’t good for cruise. B．Answered by Jennie from China| May.16, 2023 04:48 There are many restaurants along the street serving the fried rice and they are all OK. If having to name one, I’d say Shiweitian. Actually, you just choose one with more guests and it won’t be wrong. C． Answered by Tina from China| Mar.12, 2023 21:56 Yeah, it’s possible. The distance between is only around 30 km. At the West Bus Station, many buses are scheduled for Yizheng every day from 06:20 to18:55. Besides, intercity bus (城际巴士) No.77 runs between the West BusStation and Yizheng Bus Station from 05:50 to 18:30. You can choose the most convenient way. D．Answered by Black from UK| Feb.26, 2023 20:29 Sorry but no high speed train. You can take an intercity bus from Shanghai General Bus Station to the city. It takes about 4 hours. E. Answered by Minty from China| Oct.4, 2023 09:55 The weather is good in October and if you come to Yangzhou, you may enjoy beautiful scenery, especially the yellow leaves of different kinds of trees. F. Answered by Anna from Britain| Nov. 11, 2023 09:55 The transport is very convenient in Yangzhou. You can take intercity bus to wherever you want to go.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. E
【导语】本文是根据五名学生的个人问题，帮助他们选择合适的回复。
1. 根据“We’d like to visit the city of Yangzhou from Shanghai. Is there any high speed train ”可知，想乘坐高铁从上海前往扬州市游玩，选项D“由来自英国的布莱克于2023年2月26日20:29回复 很抱歉，这里没有高铁。你可以从上海汽车总站乘坐城际巴士前往这座城市。大约需要4个小时。”符合，故选D。
2. 根据“I have holidays in late December and will be in Hong Kong, and want to visit Yangzhou. Are river cruises (河轮) still operating ”可知，十二月底有假期，届时会在香港，而且想去扬州游玩。那时河轮还在运营吗？选项A“由来自中国的陈女士于2023年7月18日04:24回复 我认为冬天去参观这座以自然风光闻名的城市并不是个好主意。最佳时间应该是春季和夏季。而且，12月的天气可能会有些冷，这不利于乘船游览。”符合，故选A。
3. 根据“Can I know where I can eat the nicest Yangzhou Fried Rice along Dongguan Street area ”可知，想知道在东关街一带哪里可以吃到最美味的扬州炒饭，选项B“由来自中国的珍妮于2023年5月16日04:48回复 这条街上有很多供应炒饭的餐馆，味道都还不错。如果非要说一家的话，我觉得是‘食为天’。其实，你只要选一家客人多的餐馆，就不会出错。”符合，故选B。
4. 根据“Is it possible to live in Yangzhou and go to work by bus in Yizheng every day ”可知，住在扬州，每天乘坐巴士去仪征上班，这种情况有可能实现吗？选项C“由来自中国的蒂娜于2023年3月12日21:56回复 是的，这是可行的。两地之间的距离只有大约30公里。在西站，每天从06:20到18:55都有很多班次开往仪征的公交车。此外，77路城际巴士从05:50到18:30在西站和仪征汽车站之间往返运行。你可以选择最方便的方式。”符合，故选C。
5. 根据“I plan to visit Yangzhou at the end of this month. How about the weather and scenery in Yangzhou ”可知，计划这个月底去扬州游玩。扬州那时的天气和景色怎么样呢？选项E“由来自中国的明蒂于2023年10月4日09:55回复 十月的天气很好，如果你来扬州，你可以欣赏到美丽的风景，尤其是各种树木金黄的叶子。”符合，故选E。
词块积累4- 扬州旅游及生活
1. travel planning：旅行规划，涉及交通、季节、景点等问题，如从上海去扬州的交通方式，培养学生旅行规划和信息收集能力。
2. transportation options：交通选择，包括高铁、巴士、河轮等，让学生了解不同交通方式的特点和适用场景，便于实际出行选择。
3. local food recommendations：当地美食推荐，了解扬州炒饭的好去处，增加学生对各地美食文化的了解，丰富生活常识。
4. weather and scenery：天气和景色，关注旅游地的天气和景色，合理安排行程，让学生学会根据天气和景色选择旅行时间。
5. commuting possibilities：通勤可能性，探讨在扬州居住去仪征工作的通勤方式，让学生了解城市间的交通联系和生活便利性。
6. seeking travel advice：寻求旅行建议，通过问答获取信息，培养学生主动获取信息和解决问题的能力。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)题组【题型易-临门一脚】2025年中考 考前冲刺
人与社会——人文社科与技术
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
题型&话题 查漏补缺
一、完形填空： Lucy 的爱心毛毯 词块积累1
二、阅读理解：词典的制作 词块积累2
三、六选五：人工智能语音翻译技术 词块积累3
四、信息匹配：扬州旅游及生活 词块积累4
一、 完形填空：
（2024·广东深圳·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选取出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。
Blankets (毛毯) can keep you warm on cold nights or clean and relatively dry on rainy days. But Lucy Blaylock makes blankets for a different purpose: to comfort people who are going through 1 times. She wants her blankets to feel like a big and 2 hug.
Lucy learned to sew (缝纫) three years ago, when she was eight. After she 3 a blanket for a friend’s birthday, she started to think about other kids who might need a little extra love. She didn’t know whether she was right so she shared her 4 on a social website for help. Surprisingly, she received sixteen 5 from children facing issues such as cancer, heart disease and the death of a grandmother.
“It makes me 6 when I think of the kids getting the package in the mail and then opening it,” said Lucy. “I always hope they know someone 7 them.”
Since 2019, Lucy has 8 donated 500 Lucy’s Love Blankets to kids living in fourteen countries and nearly 36 states. She spends about half an hour sewing her name and the logo inside a heart on the blankets each time.
For kids who enjoy volunteering, she 9 them to go ahead without hesitation (犹豫). “Don’t wait until you have everything ready. Just do it, and keep going,” she said. “Even when you feel like it might not be making so big a difference, serving other people always 10 .”
1．A．difficult B．perfect C．pleasant D．useless
2．A．cold B．warm C．slow D．quick
3．A．bought B．showed C．made D．wore
4．A．joy B．idea C．chore D．success
5．A．instructions B．apologies C．invitations D．responses
6．A．annoyed B．excited C．frightened D．interested
7．A．believes in B．stares at C．cares about D．guards against
8．A．totally B．gently C．suddenly D．luckily
9．A．asked B．allowed C．encouraged D．warned
10．A．suffers B．depends C．happens D．matters
词块积累1- Lucy 的爱心毛毯
1. volunteering and kindness：志愿活动与善举，Lucy 通过制作毛毯帮助困境中的孩子，这是志愿活动的一种形式，体现了善良与关爱，能引导初中生参与志愿活动，传递爱心。
2. helping others in need：帮助有需要的人，关注癌症、心脏病患者及失去亲人的孩子，培养学生的同情心和社会责任感，让他们学会关心他人。
3. sewing skills for good：用缝纫技能做好事，Lucy 利用自己的缝纫技能制作毛毯，展示了技能可以用于帮助他人，鼓励学生发挥自身特长为社会做贡献。
4. sharing ideas online：在网上分享想法，Lucy 在社交网站分享想法获得回应，说明网络可用于传播爱心和召集帮助，让学生了解网络的积极作用。
5. encouraging volunteering：鼓励志愿服务，Lucy 鼓励其他孩子参与志愿活动，强调行动的重要性，激发学生参与志愿服务的热情。
6. the impact of small acts：小举动的影响，Lucy 的毛毯虽小，但给孩子们带来温暖和关爱，让学生明白小小的善举也能产生大影响。
二、 阅读理解：
（2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）People believe that every word has its correct meaning(s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past
Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words—both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used.
That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A—Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.
So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a lawmaker.
As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings, are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
1. Why did dictionary writers read important books
A．To know more about the period. B．To collect words and their uses.
C．To understand different subjects. D．To learn to use interesting words.
2. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past
A．①—③—④—② B．①—②—④—③
C．③—④—②—① D．③—①—④—②
3. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A．It should be done by historians. B．It was a task of inventing and recording.
C．It was long-time hard work. D．It had to use the law-making rules.
4. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication
A．Be open to the new uses of words. B．Follow the dictionary strictly.
C．Use online dictionaries instead. D．Try to create new words.
5. What’s the main idea of this article
A．Ways to make a dictionary B．Steps to make a dictionary
C．The origin of dictionaries D．The history of dictionaries
词块积累2-词典的制作
1. dictionary - making process：词典制作过程，涵盖收集单词、排序卡片、划分用法和撰写定义等步骤，帮助学生了解知识的整理和规范过程，培养逻辑思维。
2. collecting words and examples：收集单词和例句，通过阅读重要书籍获取信息，让学生明白知识积累的重要性，以及如何从资料中提取关键信息。
3. alphabetical order：字母顺序，按字母顺序排列卡片以便查找和整理，这是一种常见的信息分类方法，可应用于学习和生活中的信息管理。
4. defining words：定义单词，依据卡片内容定义单词，要求准确客观，培养学生严谨的治学态度和对知识准确性的追求。
5. evolution of dictionaries：词典的演变，从过去的制作方式到如今的在线词典，反映科技和社会发展对知识传播的影响，让学生了解事物的发展变化。
6. using dictionaries wisely：明智使用词典，不能完全依赖词典，要接受词汇新用法，培养学生的创新思维和对语言变化的敏感度。
三、 六选五：
（2024·贵州毕节·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。
AI-powered speech translation (人工智能语音翻译) is nothing new nowadays. The working step is to record speech, change it into text, translate that into another language, and change it back to speech. 1
Usually, some official languages, like English or French, can be easily translated. Many other kinds of languages can’t be recorded by the system in advance. 2 After all, we note that about 3,000 languages in the world only have spoken forms. A new open-source system that can translate speech from one language into another in real time can solve this problem.
With the help of technology, communication can be much easier. The new system is hoped to be used to improve communication in both the real world and the virtual (虚拟的) world. So far, the system is only able to provide easy translations between English and Hokkien. Hokkien is another name for the Minnan language. 3 The system uses several ways to perform this task, including translating speech into acoustics (声学) and then forming wave forms from it.
Next, AI models will be trained by using Standard Chinese text as a translator between English and Hok-kien. 4 According to a researcher, however, this is just the first step toward making real-time translation between languages and reality in the future.
5 Only by breaking down language difficulties, such AI technology will hopefully lead to greater understanding among speakers of different languages.
A．However, this method has clear disadvantages.
B．Because they don’t have standard written forms.
C．There is still a long way to go for the technology.
D．The translation from AI technology isn’t so good as that by human.
E．At present, the system can simply translate only one sentence at a time.
F．It’s a kind of local Chinese language that does not have a standard written form.
词块积累3-人工智能语音翻译技术
1. AI - powered speech translation：人工智能语音翻译，当下的翻译技术，提高沟通效率，但存在不足，让学生了解科技在语言领域的应用和发展。
2. limitations of translation systems：翻译系统的局限性，部分语言因无标准书面形式难以翻译，让学生认识到科技发展的阶段性和挑战，培养解决问题的意识。
3. new open - source system：新的开源系统，可实时翻译，有望改善沟通，激发学生对新技术的关注和对科技进步的期待。
4. language translation challenges：语言翻译的挑战，不同语言的特点和差异给翻译带来困难，增强学生对语言多样性的理解和尊重。
5. future of AI translation：人工智能翻译的未来，目前处于初步阶段，未来发展空间大，鼓励学生关注科技前沿，培养对科技的探索精神。
6. breaking language barriers：打破语言障碍，人工智能翻译技术有助于促进不同语言使用者的理解，培养学生的全球视野和跨文化交流意识。
四、 信息匹配：
（2025·广东深圳·模拟预测）下面的材料A-F分别是五名学生的回复。请根据五名学生的个人问题，帮助他们选择合适的回复。
QUESTIONS 1 Asked by Robert from USA| Feb.25, 2023 11:21 Q: We’d like to visit the city of Yangzhou from Shanghai. Is there any high speed train 2 Asked by Mr. Cheverton from Australia| Jul.17, 2023 20:27 Q: I have holidays in late December and will be in Hong Kong, and want to visit Yangzhou. Are river cruises (河轮) still operating 3 Asked by Eric Yeo from Singapore| May. 15, 2023 02:53 Q: Can I know where I can eat the nicest Yangzhou Fried Rice along Dongguan Street area 4 Asked by Roy from USA| Mar.12, 2023 12:27 Q: Is it possible to live in Yangzhou and go to work by bus in Yizheng every day 5 Asked by Frank from Shenzhen| Oct.4, 2023 08:55 Q: I plan to visit Yangzhou at the end of this month. How about the weather and scenery in Yangzhou
A．Answered by Ms. Chen from China| Jul. 18, 2023 04:24 I don’t think it is a good idea to visit the city in winter, which is famous for natural scenery. The best time should be spring and summer. And, the weather may be somewhat cold during Dec., which isn’t good for cruise. B．Answered by Jennie from China| May.16, 2023 04:48 There are many restaurants along the street serving the fried rice and they are all OK. If having to name one, I’d say Shiweitian. Actually, you just choose one with more guests and it won’t be wrong. C． Answered by Tina from China| Mar.12, 2023 21:56 Yeah, it’s possible. The distance between is only around 30 km. At the West Bus Station, many buses are scheduled for Yizheng every day from 06:20 to18:55. Besides, intercity bus (城际巴士) No.77 runs between the West BusStation and Yizheng Bus Station from 05:50 to 18:30. You can choose the most convenient way. D．Answered by Black from UK| Feb.26, 2023 20:29 Sorry but no high speed train. You can take an intercity bus from Shanghai General Bus Station to the city. It takes about 4 hours. E. Answered by Minty from China| Oct.4, 2023 09:55 The weather is good in October and if you come to Yangzhou, you may enjoy beautiful scenery, especially the yellow leaves of different kinds of trees. F. Answered by Anna from Britain| Nov. 11, 2023 09:55 The transport is very convenient in Yangzhou. You can take intercity bus to wherever you want to go.
词块积累4- 扬州旅游及生活
1. travel planning：旅行规划，涉及交通、季节、景点等问题，如从上海去扬州的交通方式，培养学生旅行规划和信息收集能力。
2. transportation options：交通选择，包括高铁、巴士、河轮等，让学生了解不同交通方式的特点和适用场景，便于实际出行选择。
3. local food recommendations：当地美食推荐，了解扬州炒饭的好去处，增加学生对各地美食文化的了解，丰富生活常识。
4. weather and scenery：天气和景色，关注旅游地的天气和景色，合理安排行程，让学生学会根据天气和景色选择旅行时间。
5. commuting possibilities：通勤可能性，探讨在扬州居住去仪征工作的通勤方式，让学生了解城市间的交通联系和生活便利性。
6. seeking travel advice：寻求旅行建议，通过问答获取信息，培养学生主动获取信息和解决问题的能力。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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