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（2）Unit 8 Our blue planet—七年级下册英语人仁爱版（2024）期末四步复习法
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 学生能够运用本单元词汇和句型来描述与水相关的活动，询问和回答关于人们对水资源的认知、利用及保护等相关问题，运用准确的语言来介绍水资源的重要性等内容；能够掌握字母及字母组合al、ar、wa、ch/tch、dge/g、gu、gh、t的发音规则。
文化意识 学生能够了解不同国家和地区的水资源现状和保护措施，拓宽文化视野；能认识到水资源的珍贵以及水资源保护是全球性的问题，培养学生的全球视野和环保责任感。
思维品质 学生能够学习如何组织文章结构，根据语篇知识和框架进行写作；通过教学活动的展开，提高学生的写作能力和逻辑思维能力，培养学生的书面表达能力；培养创新思维，能就话题完成开放性的对话。
学习能力 引导学生掌握有效的词汇学习方法和阅读技巧，提高自主学习能力。培养学生在学习过程中发现问题、解决问题的能力，提高学习效率。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
基数词
1. 定义
用于描述事物数量的多少的数词，表示“事物或者人物的个数”。
2. 写法
1-12单独记 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
13-19词尾加teen thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen
20-90逢十词尾为ty thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety
21-99十位与个位之间加连字符 73 seventy-three, 67 sixty-seven
101-999 先读百，再加and，后读几十几。
1000以上每三位用逗号计数 267,(billion)35,(million)740,(thousand)229
3. 读法
1. 在读三位数或三位数以上的基数词时，需在十位数之前（若十位数是“0”，在个位前）加连词and
如：304 three hundred and four
1,342 one thousand three hundred and forty-two
2. 阿拉伯数字每三位数就需用一个逗号隔开，从后往前数；所用的英语单词为：thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿），英语中没有“万”和“亿”，在表示“万”和“亿”时要接十进位法来推算。
如：10,000 ten thousand
100,000,000 a hundred million
35,845 thirty-five thousand eight hundred and five
4. 用法
基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语
（1）作主语
The two happily opened the schoolbag. 两个人高兴地打开了书包。
（2）作宾语
He needs three pens. 他需要三支笔。
（3）作表语
We are seven. 我们是七个人。
（4）作定语
Five students are playing volleyball outside. 五个学生在外面打排球。
（5）作同位语
They three tried to finish the task before today. 他们三个人尽力想在今天前完成任务。
祈使句
用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等的句子叫祈使句。
祈使句最常用于表达命令，因其对象(即主语)是第二人称,通常省略主语而以动词原形开头。祈使句句末使用句号或感叹号来表示结束。为表示礼貌,可在句首或句末加上please。please放在句末时,其前通常加逗号。
Open the door! 开门！
Be quiet, please. 请安静。
Watch your steps. 走路小心。
句式结构
Do型： 实义动词原形 + 宾语 (+ 其他).
否定式都在句首加don't构成。(有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可以省略。)
Wash your hands before eating. 吃东西前洗手。
Don't waste food. 不要浪费食物。
Be型：Be + 表语 (+ 其他).
否定式都在句首加don't构成。
Be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时要小心。
Don't be noisy in the hospital. 在医院里不要喧哗。
Let型：Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 (+其他).
否定：Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 (+其他).
Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 (+其他).
Let's go to the park this weekend. 我们这个周末去公园吧。
Let him not stay up late tonight. 让他今晚别熬夜。
其他类型：No + V-ing / 名词！
Never代替Don't来加强语气。
No smoking! 禁止吸烟！
Never give up easily! 永远不要轻易放弃！
易错点
1. one of
one of ……之一
one of + 限定词 + 复数名词
She is one of my best friends. 她是我最好的朋友之一。
She is one of the best students in our class.她是我们班最优秀的学生之一。
2. It’s + adj + that 从句(it 是形式主语) 做某事是…… 的/…… 是…… 的
It’s important that we learn English well. 我们学好英语是重要的。
It’s lucky that she passed the exam. 她通过了考试，真幸运。
3. because of & because
because of 接名词或代词
We canceled the picnic because of the rain. 因为下雨，我们取消了野餐。
because 接从句
I like physics because it’s interesting. 我喜欢物理，因为它很有趣。
4. enough
enough 作形容词，放在名词前，表示“足够的”。
There isn’t enough food for everyone. 没有足够的食物给所有人。
enough 作副词，放在形容词或副词后，表示“足够地”。
He is old enough to drive. 他年纪足够大可以开车了。
5. through 与 across
through 从内部穿过
The mouse ran through the hole. 老鼠从洞里钻过。
across 从表面穿过
I walked across the street. 我走过街道
6. 特殊疑问词
How far 询问距离
How tall 询问高度
How old 询问年龄
How much 询问不可数数量
How many 询问可数数量
练习
1.Let’s ____________ homework now.
A. do B. did C. does D. doing
2.Tony, _______ write on the wall!
A.not B.don't C.doesn't D.won't
3.—______ go out. The weather is really hot these days.
—OK. Thanks for reminding (提醒) me.
A.Not B.Don't C.Can't D.Doesn't
4.—Tom, please_____ in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes .
— OK, Mom.
A.read B.don't read C.doesn't read D.can’t
5.______ sure you finish your homework before you go out.
A. Made B. To make C. Making D. Make
6.—What's twenty and thirty
—It is__________.
A. forty B. fifty C. sixty D. seventy
7.—What's five and four
—It is_____________.
A. nine B. eight C. seven D. six
8.— How many students can you see in the classroom
—__________. 12 girls and 8 boys.
A. Twenty B. Forty C. Thirty D. Twelve
【答案】
1.答案：A
解析：这句话是一个祈使句，表示建议或请求。Let's 是 Let us 的缩写，后面接动词原形。“now”表示现在，所以应该用一般现在时。
2.答案：B
解析：句意：托尼，不要在墙上写字！祈使句的否定结 构为“Don't+动词原形+其他.”。故选B。
3.答案：B
解析：句意：——不要出去。近几天天气真的很热。——好的。谢谢提醒。祈使句的否定结构为 “Don't+动词原形+其他.”。故选 B。
4.答案：B
解析：句意:——汤姆，请不要在阳光下看书。这对你的眼睛不好。——好的，妈妈。考查祈使句。根据"It's bad for your eyes."可知，在阳光下看书对眼睛不好，所以不要这样做。否定祈使句的结构是: don't+动词原形。故选B。
5.答案：D
解析：句意为:在你出去之前,确保完成作业。此句为祈使句,应以动词原形开头,故选D项。
6.答案：B
解析：考查数词辨析和数字运算。forty四十;fifty 五十;sixty六十;seventy七十。根据“What's twenty and thirty ”可知，20加30是5，故选B。
7.答案：A
解析：考查数字远算。nine九;eight八;seven七;six六。根据"What's five and four"可知，是在问5加4的得数。故选A。
8.答案：A
解析：考查基数词。twenty二十;forty四十;thirty三十;twelve十二。根据“12 girls and 8 boys.”可知，一共二十个。故选A。
核心素养对接中考
一、阅读理解
【2025年贵州省遵义模拟】
What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear any more You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next Where do these clothes end up
Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste.
People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up to 20 percent of donated clothes. The unsold clothes are then put in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or for waste disposal (处理).
The Kantamanto market in Accra, the capital of Ghana, is one of the world’s largest secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste.
Workers either burn the waste or put it underground. However, the city is near the sea, so there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach.
As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger. Sea turtles can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes.
The waste is also hurting the economy (经济). Fishers can’t catch as many fish as before since most of the things they catch are clothes.
FAST FASHION WASTE
● 92 million
Every year, 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills. This means that every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill.
● 7 to 10 times
Many fast fashion clothes are worn only 7 to 10 times, then they are thrown away. Around 15 years ago, this number was 10 to 15 times.
1.In Paragraph 2, it tells that the beaches of Ghana are covered with ________ now.
A. large bags B. clothing waste C. sea turtles
2.How many pieces of clothes end up as waste every week at Kantamanto market
A. 4 million. B. 8 million. C. 20 million.
3.Why does the writer list the number in the “FAST FASHION WASTE”
A. To call on people to recycle their clothes.
B. To ask people to throw away their old clothes.
C. To encourage people to buy fast fashion clothes.
4.What’s the main idea of the text
A. Clothes waste is causing problems.
B. Clothes waste influences the global economy.
C. Ghana does well in dealing with donated clothes.
二、补全对话
【2024年吉林白山模拟】
Zoe: Jim, do you know the “plastic footprint”
Jim: Does it mean that the soles (鞋底) of the shoes are made of plastic
Zoe: ①________ It refers to the number of plastic products people use in daily life.
Jim: I See. It seems that having too many plastic footprints isn’t good. ②________
Zoe: You are right.
Jim: ③________
Zoe: Whenever I buy coffee, I use my own coffee cup.
Jim: Yes, it does help. ④________
Zoe: Also, I use reusable cloth bags when shopping.
Jim: Wow! You’ve done a lot to protect the environment.
Zoe: ⑤________ More things need to be done.
Jim: I’d like to join you to help.
A. Of course not.
B. Anything else
C. That’s really not enough.
D. I couldn’t agree with you more.
E. We should make fewer plastic footprints.
F. How do you make fewer plastic footprints in life
【答案】
一、
1.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste.”可知，加纳的海滩现在被衣物垃圾覆盖。故选B。
2.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste.”可知，每周有2000万件衣物到达Kantamanto市场，其中40%成为垃圾，即800万件。故选B。
3.答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据“FAST FASHION WASTE”中的数据，作者列举了每年9200万吨衣物被填埋以及快时尚衣物被丢弃的频率，目的是呼吁人们回收衣物，减少浪费。故选A。
4.答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了衣物垃圾对环境和经济造成的负面影响，尤其是加纳海滩被衣物垃圾覆盖的情况。故选项A“衣服的浪费造成了很多问题。”符合。故选A。
二、
答案：AEFBC
解析：本文是Zoe和Jim谈论“塑料足迹”这一概念，以及减少塑料产品使用的方法。
①根据“Does it mean that the soles (鞋底) of the shoes are made of plastic ”和“It refers to the number of plastic products people use in daily life.”可知，此处是否定对方的观点。选项A“当然不是。”符合语境。故选A。
②根据“It seems that having too many plastic footprints isn't good.”和“You are right.”可知，有太多的塑料足迹并不好，所以此处应呼吁减少塑料足迹。选项E“我们应该减少塑料足迹。”符合语境。故选E。
③根据“Whenever I buy coffee, I use my own coffee cup.”可知，此处应询问如何才能减少塑料足迹。选项F“如何在生活中减少塑料足迹 ”符合语境。故选F。
④根据“Also, I use reusable cloth bags when shopping”可知，此处应询问是否还有别的可以减少塑料足迹的方法。选项B“还有别的吗 ”符合语境。故选B。
⑤根据“Wow! You've done a lot to protect the environment.”和“More things need to be done.”可知，此处是觉得自己做的还不够。选项C“这真的不够。”符合语境。故选C。

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