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（4）Unit 10 Lending a Helping Hand—七年级下册英语人仁爱版（2024）期末四步复习法
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 学生能够了解并会运用有关社区生活、志愿活动、邻里互助等话题的词汇；掌握名词性物主代词的用法和一般过去时的形式、意义及用法；掌握字母组合 ear、eer、eir/ere、er、ew、igh、ing、ph、qu的发音规则。
文化意识 学生能了解社区成员间相互支持与合作的重要性，积极参与社区活动，有主动服务他人、构建和谐社区的责任感；领会语篇中蕴含的志愿服务精神，学习乐于助人、友善待人的传统美德。
思维品质 能对语篇中的关键信息进行提取、整理、概括；能分析事件情节的发展，判断信息之间的逻辑关系，把握语篇的整体意义；能借助本单元学习的思维方法及所给提示进行写作，发展创新性思维。
学习能力 能积极主动使用英语分享社会志愿活动经历，交流看法与感受；能在学习活动中积极与他人合作，制作调查问卷的数据分析图并汇报结果共同完成学习任务。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
be动词的一般过去时
含有be动词的一般过去时：主语+was/were+表语
(1)肯定句：主语+was/were+表语。
I was a doctor one year ago.
一年前我是一名医生。
(2)否定句：主语+was/were+not+表语。
I wasn't a doctor teacher one year ago.
一年前我不是一名医生。
(3)一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+表语。
Were you a doctor one year ago
一年前你是一名医生吗
(4)疑问词+was/were+主语+其它
What were you one year ago
一年前你是做什么的
(5)注意事项：
①主语为第一人称单数或第三人称单数时，用was,其它人称一律用were.
②变成否定句时，只需在was/were后直接加not就行了。
③变成一般疑问句时，只需把was/were提到主语前面即可。
④变成特殊疑问句时，一般是特殊疑问词后加一般疑问句，如果特殊疑问词是who，不用改变原句的语序。
His father was very busy last week.→How was his father last week
His father was very busy last week.→Who was very busy week
(6)动词过去式变化：系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。
(7)there be 句型的一般过去时
肯定句 There was/were+主语(+其他).
否定句 There wasn't/weren't+主语(+其他)
一般疑问句
—Was/Were there+主语 (+其他)
—Yes, there was/were.
—No, there wasn't/weren't.
(8)一般过去时和一般现在时的区别
一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态
I played badminton with my father last weekend.
我上周末和爸爸一起打羽毛球了。
一般现在时：表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或现在的状态
I often play badminton with my father.
我经常和爸爸一起打羽毛球。
一般过去时：常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如last week 、yesterday、two days ago 、last month 等。
She watched an interesting movie yesterday.
她昨天看了一部有趣的电影。
一般现在时：常与表示现在的时间状语连用如 now、every day等。
They go to school by bike every morning.
他们每天早上骑自行车去上学。
一般过去时：谓语动词使用过去式,没有人称和数的变化was和were除外
The king waited for a few months and grew very angry.
国王等了几个月,变得非常生气。
一般现在时：谓语动词有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式(be动词用is);其他人称作主语时，则用动词原形(be动词用am或are)
The story is very interesting. 这个故事非常有趣。
名词性物主代词
用法：
在句子中独立使用,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,其后不能接名词。
There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use yours
我的电脑出问题了。我可以用你的吗
在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由名词性物主代词所指代的名词的数来决定。
Your bag are right here. His are over there.
你的包就在这里,他的在那边。
易错点
1. borrow & lend,
borrow：表示“借他人的东西自己使用”
borow sb. sth.
borrow sth. from sb./sp.
Did you borrow money from her？你向她借过钱吗？
lend：表示“将自己的东西借给别人使用”
lend sb.sth.
lend sth. to sb.
Could you lend your English book to me？你能把你的英语书借给我吗？
2. leave
leave+地点：离开某地
leave for+地点名词：动身去某地
leave+地点名词+for+另一地点名词：离开某地去另一地
We have to leave now.我们现在必须出发。
We are leaving for Hangzhou next week.我们下周将要去杭州。
They will leave Beijing for Hangzhou tomorrow.明天他们将离开北京去杭州。
3. experience
名词：经历（可数名词）；经验（不可数名词）
动词：经历，体验
She has many interesting experiences in Africa. 她在非洲有许多有趣的经历。
She lacks experience in managing a team. 她缺乏管理团队的经验。
We experienced a lot of challenges. 我们经历了许多挑战。
4. cut 短语
cut across 径直穿过
cut down 砍倒
cut off 切断，断绝
cut out 删除
cut...in half 把……切成两半
5. the other, another, others, the others
the other ：“其他，另一个”，指两者中的另一个，常用 one...the other...（一个……另一个……）
I have two cats. One is black, the other cat is white.
我有两只猫。一只黑色，另一只白色。
another ：代词或限定词，意为“又一个（的），再一个（的）”，泛指三个或三个以上同类中的另一个
This shirt is too small. Can I try another
这件衬衫太小了，我能试另一件吗？
others ：为“其他的人或事物”，表示泛指，做代词，其后不加名词，常用some...others...（一些…… 另一些……）
Some students like sports, others prefer reading.
一些学生喜欢运动，另一些喜欢阅读。
the others ：表特指，指在一定范围内除去某些后剩下的全部，常用some...the others...（一些……其余的……）
I have ten pens. One is red, the others are blue.
我有 10 支笔。一支红色，其余的都是蓝色。
6. here
here 副词，意为“在这里，这就是”
here 引导倒装句：置于句首时，句子常用倒装语序，以引起对方注意或加强语气，其句式结构为“Here/There+谓语动词+主语（名词）”。
here and there 到处，在各处
Here is a pen.这里有一支钢笔。
Here are some books.这里有些书。
练习
1.The photo ________ taken by my father last year.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
2.There __________ an old man living in this house years ago.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3.I live in Tianjin now, but I______ in Shandong three years ago.
A.were B.am C.was D.will be
4.Everyone except Mary and Lily______ there when the meeting began.
A. is B.was C.are D. were
5.This coat is ______.His mother bought it for him last weekend.
A. his B. yours C. hers D. mine
6.—Mary, is this your sister's smartwatch
—No, _____ is pink.
A. his B.mine C. hers D. yours
7.—Lily, put your books into your schoolbag.
—They're not _____. They are Lucy's.
A.his B.hers C.mine D.yours
8.—Is this watch Tony's
—No, it's not______. It's David's.
A.yours B.his C.hers D.mine
【答案】
1.答案：B
解析：句意：这张照片是我爸爸去年拍的。
考查be动词。根据时间短语“last year”可知句子应用一般过去时，主语是the photo，单数，因此使用“was taken”结构，故选B。
2.答案：C
解析：根据题干中的years ago“几年前”可知，本题用一般过去时，故A和B不正确。there is/are表示“有”，is用于主语是第三人称单数时，are用于主语是复数或第二人称时。an old man“一位老人”是单数，故答案是C。
3.答案：C
解析：根据three years ago可知,对应的时态是一般过去时,分句主语是I,所缺的词是was。
4.答案：B
解析：此句的主语是Everyone,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。由when 引导的时间状语从句可知,此处时态应用一般过去时,故选B项。
5.答案: A
解析：这件外套是他的。他妈妈上周末给他买的。考查名词性物主代词。his他的,名词性或形容词性物主代词;yours你的、你们的,名词性物主代词;hers她的,名词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。根据His mother bought it for him last weekend.(他妈妈上周末给他买的。)可知,此处指的是"他的"。故选:A。
6.答案：C
解析：考查代词辨析。此处指第三人称玛丽姐姐的智能手表是粉色的,应用名词性物主代词hers。故选C。
7.答案：C
解析：根据题干中的“把你的书放进你的书包里”和“它们是露西的”可知,它们不是“我的”,名词性物主代词mine符合题意,故选C。
8.答案：B
解析：问句的含义是“这块手表是托尼的吗 ”,应回答“不是,它不是他的”,此处要填名词性物主代词his。
核心素养对接中考
【2025年甘肃天水模拟】
It was Sunday, the weather was sunny. After I finished my homework, my parents decided to take me to the old people’s home. At first, I refused, because I wanted to play with my friends. But my parents said it was good for me to take some after-class activities. Thinking about it for a moment, I agreed.
The old people’s home is not far from our home, so my father advised us to go there on foot. It turned out that walking there was a good choice. It was friendly to the environment. When we arrived at the place, the old people welcomed us warmly. Then we gave something we bought yesterday to them. Later, I shared my school life with them and cleaned their rooms. Seeing their smiling faces, I felt a sense of warmth at the bottom of my heart. At that moment, I suddenly realized that I should help others in need. What a great decision my parents made! This was really the best thing that I had ever done. Being helpful to others was really good. The feeling was amazing.
1.With whom did the writer go to the old people’s home
A. friends B. classmates C. parents D. teachers
2.How did they go to the old people’s home
A. B. C. D.
3.How did the writer’s feelings change from the beginning to the end
A. Happy→Tired→Angry. B. Unhappy→Relaxed→Moved.
C. Unhappy→Warm→Amazed. D. Helpless→Surprised→Bored.
4.What did the writer do in the old people’s home
A. He talked with the old people and cleaned their rooms.
B. He shared his school life and cleaned their rooms.
C. He told stories and cooked food for the old people.
D. He sang the songs and talked with the old people.
5.What does the text mainly tell us
A. We should be friendly to our friends.
B. It’s wrong to depend on parents.
C. We should make our own decisions.
D. It’s really good to try to help others.
【2024年广东深圳模拟】
Born in 2000, Hao Hao lost his language abilities suddenly when he was 22 months old. Autism(自闭症) was under-recognized in Guizhou at that time, and Zhao, his mother, had to ask for help in other parts of the country.
In 2002, Hao Hao was diagnosed (诊断) with autism. To gain a better understanding of autism and learn about rehabilitation for autistic children, Zhao visited rehabilitation hospitals and schools in cities such as Beijing and Guangzhou. An expert advised her to found a centre in Guizhou where children with autism could learn locally, and where their parents could help one another.
So in 2003, Zhao founded the Loving Home for Children Special Education and Rehabilitation Centre. It is the first rehabilitation and training centre in Guizhou to serve children with autism and other developmental disorders. In 2016, the centre began providing services to adults with autism. In 2022, the centre moved to a new four-storey building, with the local government’s support and many people donating things like office supplies, computers, tables and chairs. Now, about 300 people with autism are receiving services at the centre every day.
Over the years, the centre has carried out education practices with over 20 kindergartens, primary schools and high schools in Guiyang. Over the years, the 64-year-old founder and teacher has provided support to more than 7,000 children with autism. She has seen the development of the autistic community,from being under-recognized to being increasingly understood and accepted, and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from broader society.
6.When was Zhao born
A. In 2000. B. In 2002. C. In 1960. D. In 1970.
7.What does the underlined word “rehabilitation” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Rising. B. Recovery. C. Progress. D. Advancing
8.What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2
A. To tell how Hao Hao suffered from autism.
B. To introduce the reason to found the centre.
C. To share Zhao’s special experience.
D. To review the beginning of the centre.
9.What do we know about the centre
A. Zhao founded the centre and teaches there.
B. The centre only serves the autistic children.
C. The centre provides service just for children.
D. The centre has to support itself always.
10.What is the passage mainly about
A. A boy fighting against autism. B. The development of autism.
C. The latest way to cure autism D. A centre to help autism sufferers.
【答案】
1.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"my parents decided to take me to the old people's home"(我的父母决定带我去养老院)可知，作者是和父母一起去的养老院。故选C。
2.答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"my father advised us to go there on foot"(我父亲建议我们步行去那里)可知，他们是步行去的养老院。结合选项图片，D选项符合。故选D。
3.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段"At first， I refused, because I wanted to play with my friends"(起初我拒绝，因为想和朋友玩)可知，开始作者是不开心的(Unhappy);根据第二段"Seeing their smiling faces, I felt a sense of warmth"(看到他们的笑脸，我感到温暖)可知，后来作者体会到温暖(Warm);根据第二段"the feeling was amazing"(这种感觉很奇妙)可知，最后是感到惊喜(Amazed)，C选项"Unhappy→Warm→Amazed"符合情感变化顺序。故选C。
4.答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"Later, I shared my school life with them and cleaned their rooms"(后来，我和他们分享我的学校生活，并打扫了他们的房间)可知，作者做了这两件事，分享我的学校生活，并打扫了他们的房间。故选B。
5.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段"Being helpful to others was really good"(帮助他人真的很好)结合全文内容可知，文章讲述作者从最初不愿去养老院到最终感受到帮助他人的温暖和快乐，D选项"尝试帮助他人真的很好"贴合全文主旨。故选D。
6.答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Over the years, the 64-year-old founder and teacher has provided support to more than7，000 children with autism.(多年来，这位64岁的创始人兼教师为7000多名自闭症儿童提供了支持。)可知，赵1960年出生的。故选C。
7.答案：B
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段To gain a better understanding of autism and learn about rehabilitation for autistic children，Zhao visited rehabilitation hospitals and schools in cities such as Beijing and Guangzhou.(为了更好地了解自闭症并了解自闭症儿童的……，赵访问了北京和广州等城市的康复医院和学校。)可猜测出，下划线单词的意思应是"修复"和Recovery"恢复"近义。故选B。
8.答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第二段In 2002，Hao Hao was diagnosed (诊断)with autism.To gain a better understanding of autism and learn about rehabilitation for autistic children，Zhao visited rehabilitation hospitals and schools in cities such as Beijing and Guangzhou.An expert advised her to found a centre in Guizhou where children with autism could learn locally,and where their parents could help one another.(2002年，浩浩被诊断出患有自闭症。为了更好地了解自闭症并了解自闭症儿童的康复，赵访问了北京和广州等城市的康复医院和学校。一位专家建议她在贵州建立一个中心，在那里自闭症儿童可以在当地学习，他们的父母可以互相帮助。)可知，第二段的主要目的是介绍中心成立的原因。故选B。
9.答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Over the years，the 64-year-old founder and teacher has provided support to more than7，000 children with autism.(多年来，这位64岁的创始人兼教师为7000多名自闭症儿童提供了支持。)可知，赵创建了该中心并在那里任教。故选A。
10.答案：D
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段Over the years，the centre has carried out education practices with over 20 kindergartens, primary schools and high schools in Guiyang.Over the years， the 64-year-old founder and teacher has provided support to more than7，000 children with autism.She has seen the development of the autistic community，from being under-recognized to being increasingly understood and accepted, and she has seen how the community is gaining more support from broader society.(多年来，该中心与贵阳市20多所幼儿园、小学和高中开展了教育实践活动。多年来，这位64岁的创始人兼教师为7000多名自闭症儿童提供了支持。她见证了自闭症群体的发展，从不被认可到越来越被理解和接受，她也见证了该群体如何从更广泛的社会中获得更多支持。)可知，这篇文章主要是关于帮助自闭症患者的中心。故选D。

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