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【标题】Unit 1Laugh out loud！
单元目标解读 ·学科素养达成
[单元目标]
单元课程探究 单元内容分析
Starting out & Understanding ideas 希望学生通过文章的学习了解小丑医生的工作职责和工作办法，深入挖掘课文传达的主题意义，培养学生乐观积极的人生态度，并对如何关爱他人、帮助他人进行深入思考。 本单元主题语境是“人与自我”，涉及的主题语境内容是积极的生活态度。本单元语篇类型丰富，包括问卷、记叙文、对话、论说文、博客等。从一段介绍喜剧历史的视频开始，本单元依次呈现了认识自我的问卷、小丑医生的故事、英国人的幽默故事、Mark Twain和汪曾祺生活中的幽默故事、Charlie Chaplin的人物介绍等学习内容。
Grammar 非限制性定语从句
Developing ideas The Importance of Humour 一文详细介绍马克·吐温和汪曾祺两位先生对幽默的理解，对比、举例逻辑清晰，是典型的说明文，有助于学生了解针对同一话题的不同看法，培养批判性思维能力。Charlie Chaplin’s Legacy 一文，简要介绍了卓别林这位喜剧大师，文章结构清晰，可用于引导学生介绍喜欢的人物。
Writing about a comedian 如何介绍一位喜剧演员
单元核心素养 从多个角度阐述了与积极的生活态度相关的话题，旨在帮助学生更好地管理自己的情绪，始终保持愉悦的心情，以积极的心态去面对生活，树立正确的人生态度。
【标题】Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
@课前精梳理
原文　呈现
The Best Medicine
　　[1]As I approach the hospital wearing my white coat， I look just like any other doctor. That is until I put on my curly① rainbow wig②， big red nose， and add my name badge③“Doctor Larry Laugh－Out－Loud”. I walk through the doors into the waiting area， [2]where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension. People sit uncomfortably④ on plastic chairs， [3]looking through old magazines， all of which have been read hundreds of times previously⑤. Anxious parents do what they can to comfort nervous and crying children.
读文　清障
①curly / k li/ adj. 卷曲的
②wig /w ɡ/ n. 假发
③badge /b d / n. 徽章
④uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地
⑤previously adv. 先前，以前
[1]As引导的时间状语从句；wearing my white coat为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
[2]where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰waiting area。
[3]looking through old magazines为现在分词短语作伴随状语；which引导的定语从句，修饰magazines。
最佳灵药
当我穿着白大褂走进医院时，我看起来和其他医生没什么两样——直到我戴上卷曲的彩虹色假发和大红鼻子，别上我的名牌“拉里·笑哈哈医生”。我穿过一道道门进入候诊区，那里充斥着熟悉的厌烦和紧张情绪。人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些先前已经被读过数百遍的旧杂志。焦虑的父母正尽其所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。　
原文　呈现
　　In the middle of this particular scene I spot⑥ a small girl whose ankle⑦ is twice its normal size. I speak with the on－duty nurse， [4]who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle. Since getting here， Lara has spent her time crying in pain. Although [5]it’s the doctors and nurses who will treat her injury， it’s my job to make her feel better.
读文　清障
⑥spot /sp t/ v. 发现，注意到，看出
⑦ankle / k（ ）l/ n. 脚踝
[4]who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰nurse；that引导的宾语从句，作tells的宾语；after she fell off her bicycle为after引导的时间状语从句。
[5]强调句，被强调部分为the doctors and nurses。
　　在这个特别的场景中间，我发现一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍大。我和值班护士交谈时她告诉我，拉拉从自行车上摔下来，她父母赶紧将她送到医院。自从来到这里，拉拉就因为疼痛而一直大哭。尽管为她治疗伤痛的是医生和护士，但让她的心情变好则是我的工作。　
原文　呈现
　　Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals [6]to make people feel better， which means⑧ clown⑨ doctors can be helpful. We are specially trained clowns who work as⑩ part of a programme known as “hospital clowning”. I chose this career because of my experience of going to hospital when I was a kid. Although the doctors and nurses did a great job， hospitals weren’t really designed for children. I spent much of the time when I was there feeling frightened and more than a little bored！ [7]Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.
读文　清障
⑧mean v. 意味着；打算
⑨clown /kla n/ n. 小丑
⑩work as担任；充当；从事
entertain / ent te n/ v. 使快乐
[6]不定式短语作后置定语，修饰chemicals。
[7]动名词短语作主语。
　　科学研究表明，欢笑能产生使人心情变好的化学物质，这就意味着小丑医生很有帮助。我们是受过专门培训的小丑，是“医院小丑”项目的成员。我之所以选择这个职业，是因为我自己小时候去医院的经历。尽管当时医生和护士都尽职尽责，但医院实在不是个适合孩子们待的地方。我在那里度过的大部分时间都觉得害怕和非常无聊！成为小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗乐人们的方式来帮助他们。　
原文　呈现
　　Visiting hospitals and other health care facilities， we clown doctors work together with medical professionals. On a typical day， we spend our time cheering up patients， their families， and more often than not， the hospital staff， too！ We do this by doing magic tricks， singing songs， telling stories and， of course， telling silly jokes. Some children， though， don’t feel like laughing， especially if they’re in pain. We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses， [8]who keep us updated on each patient.
读文　清障
health care 医疗保健
cheer up （使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来
sensitive adj. 敏感的
[8]who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰doctors and nurses。
　　我们小丑医生和专业医疗人员一起工作，要走访医院和其他的医疗机构。平时，我们花时间为病人、病人家属，通常还有医院的工作人员带来欢乐！为此，我们会变魔术、唱歌、讲故事，当然还会讲一些滑稽的笑话。不过，有些孩子并不想笑，特别是在他们很疼的时候。我们必须非常敏感，并且与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。　
原文　呈现
　　And my magic medicine does indeed seem to do the trick .[9] While the doctor concentrates on examining Lara’s ankle， I get her attention by doing a magic trick. [10]Although she is clearly still in some pain， her scared and anxious look has been replaced－first by a small smile， and then by loud laughter as I “magically” produce her sock from out of my pocket. Seeing their daughter so much happier has in turn made Lara’s parents more relaxed.
读文　清障
do the trick 奏效，达到预期效果
examine / ɡ z m n/ v. 检查（身体）
[9]While引导的时间状语从句。
[10]Although引导的让步状语从句。
　　而我的灵药似乎确实起作用了。当医生集中精力检查拉拉的脚踝时，我用魔术来吸引拉拉的注意力。尽管她显然仍然有些痛苦， 但她恐惧和焦虑的表情已经被取代——先是一个小小的微笑，接着变成了大笑——因为我“魔术般地”从我的口袋里变出了她的一只袜子。看到女儿破涕为笑，拉拉的父母也松了一口气。　
原文　呈现
　　And as for me？ Well， when I take off my wig and my red nose， I’m still wearing a big smile， [11]as I remember all the fun and laughter of the day. While there might be more hospital visits ahead for Lara and others， I hope that clown doctors help make it a friendlier place [12]to visit. After all， it really is true that “laughter is the best medicine”.
读文　清障
[11]as引导的原因状语从句。
[12]不定式作后置定语，修饰place。
　　至于我呢？当我摘下假发和红鼻子的时候，我脸上仍然带着大大的微笑，因为我记得这天所有的乐趣和欢笑。也许将来，对于拉拉或者其他人来说，他们还有更多到医院就诊的需要，但我希望，小丑医生能够帮助医院成为一个更友善的就诊场所。毕竟，“欢笑是最佳灵药”这句话是真的。　
基础　自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1.　circus　 n. 马戏团
2.curly adj. 　卷曲的　
3.wig n. 　假发　
4.badge n. 　徽章　
5.　ankle　 n. 脚踝
6.clown n. 　小丑　
拓展词汇
1.　mood　 n. 心情→　moody　 adj. 情绪多变的；郁郁寡欢的
2.　amusement　 n. 娱乐，消遣→　amuse　 vt. 使某人高兴→　amusing　 adj. 有趣的；可笑的→　amused　 adj. 被逗乐的
3.spot v. 发现，注意到，看出　n. 地点；斑点→　spotted　 adj. 有斑点的
4.　entertain　 v. 使快乐→　entertaining　 adj. 有趣的；令人愉快的→　entertainment　 n. 娱乐
5.　examine　 v. 检查（身体）→　examination　 n. 检查
6.　advertisement　 n. 广告→　advertise　 v. （为……）做广告，登广告→advertiser n. 广告商；广告公司
7.　employer　 n. 雇用者，雇主→employ v. 雇用→　employee　 n. 雇员，雇工→　employment　 n. 就业；工作；职业
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.　sense of humour　 幽默感
2.　waiting area　 等候区
3.　look through　 浏览
4.　fall off　 从……摔落，掉落
5.　be designed for　 为……而设计
6.　in pain　 在痛苦中
7.　concentrate on　 集中注意力
8.　in turn　 反过来
9.take off 　脱掉　
10.wear a big smile 　笑容满面　
11.after all 　毕竟　
12.health care 　医疗保健　
13.　cheer up　 （使）高兴起来，（使）振作起来
14.keep sb. updated on 　让某人了解最新情况　
15.do the trick 　奏效，达到预期效果　
Ⅲ.重点句型
We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses， who 　keep us updated on each patient　.
我们必须非常敏感，并且与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。
语篇　细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1.Which of the following statements is the usual scene in the hospital’s waiting area？
A.There are many clown doctors.
B.There are many parents who are busy reading magazines.
C.There are crying kids and anxious parents.
D.There are parents chatting happily with each other.
答案：C　
2.What do we know about Lara？
A.She hurt her ankle while driving a car.
B.It was her parents who sent her to the hospital.
C.She didn’t cry at all when treated.
D.The doctors were too busy to treat her injury.
答案：B　
3.Which of the following statements belong to the clown doctor’s job？
①Visiting hospitals and other health care facilities.
②Helping to keep the doctors and nurses updated of the patients.
③Cheering up patients， their families and the hospital staff.
④Doing magic tricks， singing songs and telling silly jokes.
A.①②③ B.①②④
C.①③④ D.②③④
答案：C
4.Which of the following words can best describe the author？
A.Brave and hard－working.
B.Determined and humourous.
C.Skilled and brave.
D.Humourous and caring.
答案：D
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
　　As I approach the hospital 1.　wearing　（wear） my white coat， I look just like any other doctor. In the waiting area， people sit 2.　uncomfortably　（uncomfortable） on plastic chairs and read magazines， all of 3.　which　 have been read many times. A girl called Lara 4.　was sent　（send） to the hospital immediately by her parents after she fell off her bicycle. I think it is my job 5.　to make　（make） her feel better.
Scientific studies show that laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better， which means clown doctors can be 6.　helpful　（help）. I chose to be a clown doctor because 7.　of　 my experience in hospital when I was a kid.
Clown 8.　doctors　（doctor） work closely together with doctors and nurses， who keep us 9.　updated　（update） on each patient. When I take off my wig and my red nose， I’m still wearing 10.a big smile.
@课堂强研习
词汇　精讲
1.mood n. 心情
[教材P1]Lift the mood with a joke and explore the area.用一个笑话来提升情绪，并探索这个区域。
归纳拓展
（1）be in a good/happy mood 心情愉悦
be in a bad mood 情绪低落
be/feel in the/no mood for sth./to do sth.
（没）有心情做某事
（2）moody adj. 情绪多变的；郁郁寡欢的
佳句背诵
It is very important for us to be in a good mood.
有一个好心情对我们来说是非常重要的。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）He was 　in　 a good mood when he got home from work.
（2）I’m not in the mood 　to argue　（argue） with you.
（3）It is difficult to predict his reaction because he is so 　moody　（mood）.
2.amusement n. 娱乐，消遣
[教材P2]an amusement park 一个游乐园
归纳拓展
（1）to one’s amusement 让人感到愉快/有趣的是
（2）amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快
amuse oneself with... 以……自娱
（3）amused adj. 感到有趣的
be amused at/with/by... 以……为乐；对……觉得有趣
keep sb. amused （with/by...） （用……）使某人开心
（4）amusing adj. 有趣的；引人发笑的
佳句背诵
To our amusement， the teacher sang a funny song during class.
令我们开心的是，老师在课堂上唱了一首有趣的歌。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）It 　amused　（amuse） me to think back to my life in London.
（2）Playing with water can keep the children 　amused　（amuse） for hours.
（3）Much to the students’ amusement， the teacher was amused by the 　amusing　（amuse） story told by Tom.
3.look through 浏览；翻阅；透过……看；识破，看穿
[教材P2]People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs， looking through old magazines， all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.人们别扭地坐在塑料椅上，翻阅着那些先前已经被读过数百遍的旧杂志。
归纳拓展
look around环视；四下查看
look back （on） 回顾，回想
look down on/upon 看不起，轻视
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
look into 朝里看；调查；深入了解
look out 当心，注意
look up 抬头看；查找；查出；查阅
look over 检查；查看
look forward to 盼望；期待
佳句背诵
I looked through today’s newspaper but I found nothing important.
我翻阅了今天的报纸，但没有发现重要消息。
巧学活用
写出下列句中look through的含义
（1）I looked through the window but saw nothing in the room. 　透过……看　
（2）We have already looked through his tricks.　识破，看穿　
（3）He was looking through his notes before the exam. 　浏览；翻阅　
单句语法填空
（4）Mr Smith has taught for many years， and all the students look up 　to　 him.
（5）I am looking forward 　to　 your early reply.
（6）Please look 　through　 your paper before you hand it in to avoid possible mistakes.
4.spot vt. 发现，注意到，看出　 n. 地点，处所；斑点；污迹
[教材P2]In the middle of this particular scene I spot a small girl whose ankle is twice its normal size.在这个特别的场景中间，我发现一个小女孩，她的脚踝是正常尺寸的两倍大。
归纳拓展
（1）spot sb./sth. doing sth. 发现某人/物正在做某事
（2）in a spot 处于困境中
on the spot 当场；在现场；立即
（3）spotted adj. 有斑点的；沾上污点的
be spotted with... 沾上……污点；被……弄脏
佳句背诵
Neighbours spotted smoke coming out of the house.
邻居们发现有烟从这所房子里冒出来。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）I soon 　spotted　（spot） what the mistake was.
（2）Whenever she was 　in　 a spot， she turned to him for help.
（3）Any worker found breaking these rules will be fired 　on　 the spot.
（4）The milkman selected the 　spotted　（spot） cows from among a herd of two hundred.
5.in pain 痛苦地；感到疼痛
[教材P2]Since getting here， Lara has spent her time crying in pain.自从来到这里，拉拉就因为疼痛而一直大哭。
归纳拓展
（1）have a pain/pains in... ……部位疼
suffer （from） pain 忍受疼痛
spare no pains 不遗余力，全力以赴
take （great） pains to do sth. 尽力做某事
No pain（s）， no gain（s）. 不劳无获。
（2）painful adj. 令人疼痛的；引起痛苦的
painless adj. 不费力的；无痛的
painfully adv. 令人痛苦地
佳句背诵
She looked more sad than in pain.
她看起来更多的是悲伤，而不是疼痛。
名师点津
pain指精神上的痛苦时，可用作可数和不可数名词。pain指辛苦、刻苦、努力时，用复数形式。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.
（2）As a mother， she always takes great pains to make（make） her family eat healthily.
（3）Every time he put any weight on his left leg he screamed in pain.
同义句转换
（4）We should do our best to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
＝We should take （great） pains/spare no pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.
6.entertain v. 使快乐；招待，款待
[教材P3]Being a clown doctor means I can help people by entertaining them.成为小丑医生意味着我可以通过逗乐人们的方式来帮助他们。
归纳拓展
（1）entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快乐
entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人
（2）entertainment n. 娱乐；文娱节目；招待，款待
to one’s entertainment 使某人高兴的是
（3）entertaining adj. 有趣的；使人愉快的
佳句背诵
He entertained us with his stories and jokes.
他讲故事、说笑话逗我们开心。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）I want to entertain my friends to a nice dinner at my home tonight.
（2）This law applies to theatres， cinemas and other places of entertainment（entertain）.
（3）There are lots of entertaining（entertain） programmes on TV.
句型　精析
“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses， who keep us updated on each patient.[教材P4]
我们必须非常敏感，并且与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我们了解每个病人的最新情况。
句法分析
本句中的“keep us updated”为“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。
归纳拓展
在“keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构中，现在分词（短语）、过去分词（短语）、形容词（短语）、副词（短语）、名词（短语）、介词短语都可以作宾语补足语。现在分词（短语）与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，过去分词（短语）与宾语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系。
佳句背诵
She kept him walking for an hour.
她让他步行一小时。
名师点津
常见的可接过去分词（短语）和现在分词（短语）作宾语补足语的动词有find、 leave、 feel、 see、 hear、 have、 get等。[注意：make通常只以过去分词（短语）作宾语补足语，少见以现在分词（短语）作宾语补足语]
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）It can prevent us from getting short－sighted and it can keep us physically healthy（health）.
（2）The question kept me wondering（wonder） for the rest of the night.
（3）It is necessary that we keep the young generation informed（inform） of the current affairs.
达标　练案
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.I had never seen Ann in such a good mood before.
2.To my amusement（amuse）， he should forget the birthday of his own.
3.No one spotted（spot） that the bank－note was a fake.
4.At the weekend， for entertainment（entertain） I could see friends， visit my grandparents， read books or play sports.
5.Their complaints（complain） have finally stirred him into action.
6.Absorbed in painting， John didn’t notice evening approaching（approach）.
7.Since I’m here， I’d like to try a typical（type） dish of this country.
8.Speaking on the phone requires concentration（concentrate） and takes a driver’s attention from the road.
Ⅱ.短语填空
after all； put on； cheer up； in pain； more than； be designed for； concentrate on； work as
1.You should cheer up and look on the bright side of life.
2.Every year， the managers leave their desks and business suits and put on special service clothes.
3.Her back was injured and she was in pain.
4.She left school three years ago and she has worked as a nurse ever since.
5.The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached more than 400，000.
6.You must concentrate on what you are doing.
7.The book， which is designed for children under 5 years old， must be simple and colourful.
8.After all， 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing.
【标题】课时作业（一）　Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Long and curly（卷曲的） hair is in fashion again this year.
2.We should keep a balance between amusement（消遣） and study.
3.I finally spotted（发现） my friend in the crowd.
4.Good management benefits employers（雇主） and employees alike.
5.He entertained（使快乐） us greatly with his amusing stories and jokes last night.
6.She suddenly fell down and hurt her ankle（脚踝） badly， which caused great pain.
7.The doctors examine（检查）the patients and then decide whether or not to operate on them.
8.Some advertisements（广告） consist of pictures or the words of experts to show the audience how good the products are.
9.He is in much better mood（心情） than usual.
10.A circus（马戏团） is a group of entertainers who perform skilful or amusing acts in a show， sometimes with trained animals.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.His coming（come） surprised all the people in the party.
2.It was not until dark that I realised it was too late to visit him.
3.This machine is especially designed for the disabled people.
4.Cheer up！ You still have time to try it again.
5.The firm has over 500 employees（employ）.
6.Hearing（hear） their teacher’s voice， the pupils stopped talking at once.
7.I don’t feel like waiting（wait） for him to make up his mind.
8.Whenever he is in trouble， I always do what I can to support（support） him.
9.I must offer you an apology for my rudeness last night and I beg your forgiveness.
10.The evidence given in court was inconsistent with what he had previously（previous） said.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1.He spends most of his time （in） helping others.
他的大部分时间都花在帮助他人上。
2.The students entered the classroom， following their teacher.
学生们跟随着他们的老师进入了教室。
3.The children ran out of the room， laughing and talking happily.
那些孩子们跑出房间，愉快地笑着、说着。
4.It was in the library that he borrowed that novel.
正是在图书馆里他借了那本小说。
5.The population of China is larger than that of any other country in the world.
中国的人口比世界上任何一个国家的人口都多。
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park， and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone （May 26 to September 2）
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail （小径）， camping， or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road， this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics （June 5 to August 21）
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point （June 9 to September 2）
From a classic viewpoint， enjoy Lower Falls， the Yellowstone River， and the breathtaking colors of the canyon（峡谷） while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops （June 19 & July 10）
Enhance your photography skills－join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands－on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19－Waterfalls & Wide Angles： meet at Artist Point.
7/10－Wildflowers & White Balance： meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.
　　【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了黄石国家公园提供的几项护林员项目。
1.Which of the four programs begins the earliest？
A.Photography Workshops.
B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
解析：细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone （May 26 to September 2）”“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics （June 5 to August 21）”“Canyon Talks at Artist Point （June 9 to September 2）”和“Photography Workshops （June 19 & July 10）”可知，在黄石公园体验野生动物这一项目的开始时间最早。故选D项。
答案：D　
2.What is the short talk at Artist Point about？
A.Works of famous artists.
B.Protection of wild animals.
C.Basic photography skills.
D.History of the canyon area.
解析：细节理解题。根据Canyon Talks at Artist Point （June 9 to September 2）部分的“From a classic viewpoint， enjoy Lower Falls， the Yellowstone River， and the breathtaking colors of the canyon（峡谷） while learning about the area’s natural and human history.”可知，在Artist Point的简短演讲是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D项。
答案：D　
3.Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop？
A.Artist Point.
B.Washburn Trailhead.
C.Canyon Village Store.
D.Visitor Education Center.
解析：细节理解题。根据Photography Workshops （June 19 & July 10）部分的“7/10－Wildflowers & White Balance： meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.”可知，7月10日的摄影研讨会的参加者将在Washburn Trailhead集合。故选B项。
答案：B　
Ⅴ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　It was a rough week. The price of oil skyrocketed as the temperature dropped sharply in Maine. We were looking at a high of eight degrees that week， and I had missed three days of work so my paycheck was going to be lower than normal. I was stressed， to say the least. I shopped strategically， looking for every possible way to cut pennies so I could buy groceries and keep the house warm.
My eight－year－old son didn’t understand when I told him we were struggling that week. He wanted a special kind of yoghurt， but I didn’t have the extra three dollars to buy it for him. It was the kind of yoghurt with a cartoon kid riding a skateboard on the front of the box， and a mere two spoonfuls in each cup. It was the kind of product that wasted a parent’s money and made me hate advertising.
I felt guilty as a parent when those big eyes looked at me with confusion， as if to say， “It’s just yoghurt. What’s the big deal？” So I found a way. I put something back as single mothers often do. He got his yoghurt.
On the way driving back from the grocery store， I noticed a homeless man holding a sign by the side of the road. My heart hurt， and I tried not to look at him. I watched people stay away from him on the street and walk by without even meeting his eyes. My son didn’t seem to care much， either. I looked at the man closely then－bare hands grasping a piece of cardboard， snot（鼻涕） frozen to his face， a worn－out jacket. And there I was struggling because I had to buy oil and groceries. But I decided to help. I pulled over to the man and handed him a five－dollar bill.
　　注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Seeing this， my son became confused and surprised. 　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
On that day， my son performed an act that most adults wouldn’t have done. 　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
【参考范文】
Seeing this， my son became confused and surprised. “Mum， why are you so generous to this stranger while so mean to me when I asked for a yoghurt？” I explained that if we were blind to the poor man’s situation he would be freezing. He didn’t have a home or food to eat after all. We could spare five dollars even if we were financially stressed. Finally my son nodded and fixed his eyes on his yoghurt.
On that day， my son performed an act that most adults wouldn’t have done. He took his yoghurt and handed it to the man outside his window. Even if it was just a matter of a few spoonfuls of yoghurt， it was all he had， and he gave it to someone who needed it more than he wanted it. He showed me that I am doing well as a mother. There are always blessings to count if we open our eyes， and we always have the opportunity to be a blessing for someone else.
【标题】Section Ⅱ　Using language
@课前精梳理
Ⅰ.核心单词
1.essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的
2.impress v. 使钦佩，使留下深刻印象
3.deserve vt. 应得，应受到
4.grin v. 露齿而笑，咧着嘴笑
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.refer to 指的是；参考；涉及
refer to...as...把……称作……
2.with essential information 含有重要信息
3.make sense 有意义，讲得通
4.be separated by 被……分离
be separated from 与/同……分离
5.achieve a positive state of mind ＝ achieve a positive mind 拥有积极的心态
6.the way to do sth. ＝the way of doing sth. 做某事的方法
7.maintain a healthy mind 保持健康的心态
8.go （out） for a walk 出去散步
9.in the countryside 在乡间；在乡村
10.enjoy the beautiful views 欣赏美景
11.if so如果是这样的话；要是这样
12.look around 向四周看；游览
13.deserve a second chance应该再得到一个机会
14.fall over 跌倒，摔倒；绊了一跤
15.laughing stock 笑料，笑柄
16.crack a smile 笑了起来
17.grin from ear to ear 咧着嘴笑
18.laugh one’s head off 大笑不止；狂笑不已
Ⅲ.经典结构
1.为什么愁眉苦脸？/为什么板着脸？/为何闷闷不乐？
Why the long face？
2.这是一年中世界上许多地方的人们互相开玩笑的一天。
It’s the one day of the year when people in many parts of the world play practical jokes on each other.
Ⅳ.必备语法
非限制性定语从句
1.I can not forget the day when I first saw you.
2.This is the house where they lived a week ago.
3.The reason why I don’t trust him is that he often tells lies.
@课堂强研习
词汇　精讲
1.essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的
[教材P6]Which sentences contain a clause with essential information and which with extra information？哪些句子含有一个具有必要信息的从句？哪些句子含有具有额外信息的从句？
归纳拓展
（1）be essential to/for...对……极其重要
It is essential （for sb. ） to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是极其重要的。
It is essential that...（should） do...是必要/极其重要的。
（2）essentially adv. 本质上，根本上
佳句背诵
It is essential that you should have some experience.
你必须得有些经验。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）It will be essential to examine （examine） your body every year.
（2）Essentially（essential）， what we are suggesting is that the firm needs to change.
2.make sense 有意义；理解
[教材P6]If you take away the clauses， do the sentences still make sense？如果把从句拿走，句子还有意义吗？
归纳拓展
It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
make sense of sth. 理解某事，弄懂某事
make no sense 没有道理，没有意义
There’s no sense in （doing） sth. （做）某事没道理。
in a/one sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 绝不
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
common sense常识
佳句背诵
In a sense， she was misled by the advertisement’s claims， and expected too much of the product.
从某种意义上说，她是受到了广告的哄骗，并且对此产品期望过高。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）It makes sense to buy（buy） a big pack because it works out cheaper in the end.
（2）Children need to make sense of the world.
3.impress v. 使钦佩，使留下深刻印象
[教材P7]...will impress Holmes.……将会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象。
归纳拓展
（1）impress sb. with sth./sb. 某物或某人给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性
（2）impression n. 印象
make/leave an impression on 给……留下印象
（3）impressive adj. 令人赞叹的
佳句背诵
Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.
我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）She impressed the audience witha beautiful song at the stage.
（2）You’ll have to play better than that if you really want to make an impression（impress）.
4.deserve v. 应得，应受到
[教材P7]We all deserve a second chance， I guess. 我想我们都应该再得到一次机会。
归纳拓展
deserve sth. 值得；应得
deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done 值得/应该被……
deserve well/ill of sb. 应该受到某人好的/坏的对待
佳句背诵
They deserve their success.
他们的成功理所应当。
[学法点拨]
deserve doing＝deserve to be done，动名词的主动形式表被动含义，类似的还有：need/want/require doing＝need/want/require to be done
His eyes need/want/require examining. ＝His eyes need/want/require to be examined.
他的眼睛需要检查一下。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）I think I deserve to know（know） what you’re planning.
（2）The proposal he put forward deserves considering/to be considered（consider）.
@语法析疑难
非限制性定语从句
知识　精讲
一、非限制性定语从句的作用
　　非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明，没有它，主句也能独立存在。非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切，它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需要注意的是，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
二、关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
1.which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
China Daily attracts a worldwide readership， which shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.
《中国日报》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
2.who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
I like to chat with Jack， who is a clever boy.
我喜欢和杰克聊天，他是个聪明人。
3.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，一般不能省略。
Peter， whom you met in London， is going to Paris next week.
彼得，你在伦敦见过他的，下周将要去巴黎。
4.whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。先行词是人时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of whom；先行词是物时，whose＋n.相当于the＋n.＋of which。
The books on the desk， whose covers are shiny， are prizes for us.
桌上那些封面闪亮的书，是为我们准备的奖品。
5.as既可以指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
As we all know，smoking is harmful to people’s health.
众所周知，吸烟对人的健康有害。
as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别：
as which
含义 正如 这；那；这件事
指代 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的 内容 引导的从句既可以指代整个主句的内容，又可以指代主句的一部分
位置 可位于主句之 前、之中、之后 可位于主句之中、 之后
As everyone can see， she is always working hard.
正如大家所看到的那样，她一直工作很努力。
She is very honest， which everyone can see.
她很诚实，这是大家有目共睹的。
三、关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句
当先行词指代时间或地点，且在定语从句中作状语时，用when或where引导非限制性定语从句。why不能引导非限制性定语从句，但可用for which代替。
We will put off the picnic in the park until next week， when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
Opposite is St Paul’s Church， where you can hear some lovely music.
对面是圣保罗大教堂，在那里你可以听到一些美妙的音乐。
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
在“介词＋关系代词”中，关系代词用whom指人，用which指事物。
In our class there are fifty students， most of whom are good at English.
我们班有五十名学生，大多数都擅长英语。
There are many kinds of energy， one of which is nuclear energy.
能源有很多种，其中一种是核能。
五、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别
1.引导词不同。关系代词that，关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。
2.非限制性定语从句与主句关系不是很密切，中间用逗号与主句隔开，翻译时，通常译为两句话。限制性定语从句与主句关系密切，中间不可用逗号隔开，翻译时，译为一句话。
I have two foreign teachers， both of whom are from America.
我有两个外教，他们都来自美国。
The foreign teacher who comes from America teaches us literature.
美国来的那位外教教我们文学。
3.非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分，均不可省略，而在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词可省略。
This is the man， whom we talked about just now.
这就是那个人，我们刚才谈论过的。
This is the man （that/who/whom） we are talking about.
这是我们正在谈论的那个人。
4.在限制性定语从句中，引导词指人时，作宾语的whom可以用who或that代替，但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。
Do you know Tom， whom we just referred to？
你认识汤姆吗？就是我们刚刚提到过的那个人。
He is the person （whom/who/that） we just referred to.
他正是我们刚才提到过的那个人。
达标　练案
单句语法填空
1.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures， each of which uses it differently.
2.John invited about 40 people to his wedding， most of whom are family members.
3.The number of smokers， as is reported， has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
4.The machine， which I have looked after for 10 years， is still working perfectly.
5.She showed the visitors around the museum， whose construction had taken more than three years.
6.Julie enjoyed reading when young. She grew up in a key middle school in her city， where her parents both taught Chinese.
7.As is often the case， girls like dolls while boys like cars.
8.My aunt， whom you met in the supermarket， has gone to London on business.
9.We will put off the outing until next week， when we won’t be so busy.
10.These apple trees， which I planted three years ago， have not born any fruit.
【标题】课时作业（二）　Section Ⅱ　Using language
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.It is widely known that water and sunshine are essential（必不可少的） to plants.
2.She always finishes her work ahead of time， so she deserves（应得） to be praised.
3.I said you’d have to be extra（额外地） careful.
4.The festival is traditionally（传统上） held in May.
5.Great changes have taken place in our country over the past three years， which deeply impresses（使留下深刻印象） the foreigners.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes， breaking rules and playing jokes on others， among whom I soon found myself.
2.My car broke down halfway， which caused me to attend the meeting late.
3.I want to be a fireman， whose uniform looks so cool.
4.After that， you can go to Shanghai， where you can stay for a week.
5.My gardener， who is very pessimistic， says that there will be no apples this year.
6.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface， where they pull carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） into the ocean while giving off oxygen.
7.You’re not much of a TV addict， as I remember.
8.They came to China in the 1960s， when China was not open to the outside world.
9.The house， the windows of which are broken， is empty.
10.She has three children， none of whom is of school age.
Ⅲ.将下列句子改为含有非限制性定语从句的句子
1.It is known to all that drinking too much wine is harmful to people’s health.
→As is known to all， drinking too much wine is harmful to people’s health.
2.Beijing is a very beautiful city. It is the capital of China.
→Beijing， which is the capital of China， is a very beautiful city.
3.Last week， a couple came to see the house. Neither of them wanted to buy it.
→Last week a couple came to see the house， neither of whom wanted to buy it.
4.The sports meeting will be put off till next month. We will have made all the preparations then.
→The sports meeting will be put off till next month， when we will have made all the preparations.
5.Tom was always late for school. It made his teacher very angry.
→Tom was always late for school， which made his teacher very angry.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.He has two sons， both of whom are doctors.
他有两个儿子，都是医生。
2.The boy， whose father is an engineer， studies very hard.
这个男孩学习很努力，他的爸爸是位工程师。
3.My mother always treats me like a baby， which I can’t bear/stand.
我妈妈总把我当小孩子对待，这是我不能忍受的。
4.They went to London， where they lived for six months.
他们去了伦敦，在那儿他们生活了6个月。
5.As is reported in the newspaper， talks between the two countries are making progress.
正如报纸上报道的那样，这两个国家之间的会谈正在取得进展。
Ⅴ.七选五
While computers are incredibly useful tools， they can also be addictive. Many kids have the problem of spending too much time on the computer. Help your child overcome their own computer addiction by using the following methods.
　1　 If you are not at home， you can change the password （密码） daily and send it to your child remotely once you’re ready to give them access （机会）.
　2　 Limit your child to using the computer for a maximum of two hours per day if they are over two years old. Children under two should not have access to any screen time.
Talk with your child about their excessive computer use. Find out if there are any specific reasons why they spend so much time on the computer. 　3　 If your child is facing problems that are causing a desire to escape， address those with them through discussions， providing advice， or getting them help when necessary.
Be a good role model. 　4　 Instead， be present when you are with them and work on spending more time together.
Encourage them to join clubs or organizations. 　5　 This will provide them with another way of meeting others and developing new hobbies and interests.
A.Set a time limit on computer use.
B.Encourage your child to read books.
C.Set a password for the computer that only you know.
D.Don’t spend a lot of time using the computer around your child.
E.Sometimes， the computer can function as an escape from reality.
F.Find out from them what clubs or organizations are offered at their school.
G.Some children may stay up late into the night in order to use the computer.
　　【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个帮助孩子克服电脑上瘾的方法。
1.解析：空处是段落主题句，根据空后“If you are not at home， you can change the password （密码） daily and send it to your child remotely once you’re ready to give them access （机会）. （如果你不在家，你可以每天更改密码，并在你准备好让孩子访问时远程发送给他们。）”可知，本段是建议为电脑设置一个不让孩子知道的密码。C项“为电脑设置一个只有你知道的密码。”符合语境，故选C。
答案：C　
2.解析：空处是段落主题句，根据空后“Limit your child to using the computer for a maximum of two hours per day if they are over two years old. （如果你的孩子超过两岁，限制他们每天使用电脑的时间不超过两个小时。）”可知，本段是说要限制孩子使用电脑的时间。A项“设定使用电脑的时间限制。”符合语境，故选A。
答案：A　
3.解析：上文“Find out if there are any specific reasons why they spend so much time on the computer. （找出他们花这么多时间在电脑上的具体原因。）”提到找出孩子花很多时间玩电脑的原因，结合下文“If your child is facing problems that are causing a desire to escape， address those with them through discussions， providing advice， or getting them help when necessary. （如果你的孩子正面临着导致他们想要逃避的问题，通过讨论、提供建议或在必要时寻求帮助来解决这些问题。）”可知，空处应是提及孩子玩电脑的原因之一——想要逃避现实。E项“有时，电脑可以起到逃避现实的作用。”符合语境，故选E。
答案：E　
4.解析：根据本段主题句Be a good role model. （树立一个好榜样。）及空后“Instead， be present when you are with them and work on spending more time together. （相反，当你和他们在一起的时候，要活在当下，努力花更多的时间在一起。）”可知，本段是说要为孩子树立一个好榜样，空处与下文是相反的内容，应是说和孩子在一起时不要玩太多电脑。D项“在孩子身边不要花太多时间使用电脑。”符合语境，故选D。
答案：D　
5.解析：根据本段主题句Encourage them to join clubs or organizations. （鼓励他们加入俱乐部或组织。）可知，本段是关于加入俱乐部或组织。F项“从他们那里了解他们学校有哪些俱乐部或组织。”符合语境，故选F。
答案：F　
Ⅵ.完形填空
When Lia Haile brought some donations to Hope House， a shelter for the homeless， in 2012， a 3－year－old boy mistakenly thought they were 　1　 for his birthday. At that moment， Lia 　2　 something had to be done.
Lia， who was 9 at the time， said she hadn’t really thought about families who couldn’t 　3　 birthday parties for their kids before meeting the 　4　. She asked the director of the Hope House a lot of questions that day about whether birthday parties had been 　5　 there before or if they could be. “The idea of doing birthday parties for homeless kids at Hope House was already 　6　 in her mind on the car ride home，” Lia’s mother， Tania， said. The little boy was dressed in a blue shirt， blue shorts and blue socks， so Lia 　7　 to throw him a blue－themed party. She and her mom brought balloons， a cake and a gift back to Hope House for the child’s birthday. This was the 　8　 of the Hopeful Hearts Club， Lia’s nonprofit group that hosts birthday parties for kids 　9　 Hope House. Each child gets a cake， a gift and party 　10　 for free. Hopeful Hearts Club 　11　 with Lia and two of her friends. Today， it has 　12　 to more than 1，000 members－people who have devoted their time or things to Lia’s projects. Lia 　13　 parties to make them specific for each child. Lia hopes to 　14　 others to reach out and help their community. “If you see a need， try to 　15　 it，” Lia said.
　　【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Lia Haile因为一次“希望之家”之行产生了为这里的孩子们办生日派对的想法，后来她和两个朋友创办了“希望之心俱乐部”，为孩子们办了很多生日派对。
1.A.reminders B.products C.gifts D.tasks
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：2012年，当Lia Haile给无家可归者收容所“希望之家”带来一些捐助时，一个3岁的男孩误以为这是他的生日礼物。A.reminders提醒；B.products产品；C.gifts礼物；D.tasks任务。根据下文“for his birthday”可推知，这个小男孩误把Lia Haile带来的捐助想成是他的生日礼物了。故选C。
答案：C　
2.A.warned B.doubted C.wondered D.realized
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，Lia意识到必须做点什么。A.warned警告；B.doubted怀疑；C.wondered想知道；D.realized意识到。根据下文“something had to be done”和“She asked the director of the Hope House a lot of questions that day...”可推知，因为小男孩的想法，Lia意识到需要为他们做点什么，下文她就行动起来了。故选D。
答案：D　
3.A.afford B.attend C.find D.plan
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时9岁的Lia说，在遇到这个男孩之前，她从未真正考虑过那些负担不起孩子生日派对的家庭。A.afford负担得起；B.attend出席；C.find找到；D.plan计划。根据下文“birthday parties for their kids”和常识可推知，“希望之家”收留的无家可归的孩子们原来的家庭是负担不起孩子生日派对的，Lia从前没有考虑过这一点。故选A。
答案：A　
4.A.teacher B.student C.boy D.girl
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.teacher教师；B.student学生；C.boy男孩；D.girl女孩。根据上文“a 3－year－old boy”可知，此处指那个小男孩。故选C。
答案：C　
5.A.mentioned B.hosted C.accepted D.reported
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，她问了“希望之家”的负责人很多问题，比如“希望之家”以前是否举办过生日派对，或者是否可以举办生日派对。A.mentioned提及；B.hosted举行；C.accepted接受；D.reported报道。根据下文“doing birthday parties for homeless kids at Hope House”可推知，Lia的问题里包括是否举行过派对。故选B。
答案：B　
6.A.forming B.changing C.matching D.searching
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lia的母亲Tania说：“在回家的路上，她就已经形成了在”希望之家“为无家可归的孩子举办生日派对的想法。”A.forming形成；B.changing变化；C.matching匹配；D.searching搜索。根据下文“She and her mom brought balloons， a cake and a gift back to Hope House for the child’s birthday.”可知，Lia开始行动起来为小男孩准备生日派对，所以这里应该是指回家的路上她就形成了办派对的想法。故选A。
答案：A　
7.A.happened B.forgot C.refused D.decided
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：小男孩穿着蓝色衬衫、蓝色短裤和蓝色袜子，所以Lia决定给他举办一个蓝色主题的派对。A.happened发生；B.forgot忘记；C.refused拒绝；D.decided决定。根据下文“throw him a blue－themed party”可推知，Lia根据小男孩着装的颜色决定为他办一个蓝色主题的派对。故选D。
答案：D　
8.A.purpose B.advantage C.regulation D.wisdom
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是“希望之心俱乐部”的目的，这是Lia创办的为待在“希望之家”的孩子们举办生日派对的非营利组织。A.purpose目的；B.advantage优势；C.regulation规则；D.wisdom智慧。根据上文Lia因为在“希望之家”遇到一个渴望生日礼物的小男孩，产生了为这些孩子办生日派对的想法，然后行动起来真的办了派对可推知，这应该是Lia创办“希望之心俱乐部”的目的。故选A。
答案：A　
9.A.staying at B.visiting C.helping at D.passing
解析：考查动词（短语）词义辨析。句意同上题。A.staying at待在；B.visiting访问；C.helping at帮助；D.passing通过。根据上文“Hope House， a shelter for the homeless”可推知，生日派对是为这些待在“希望之家”的孩子们举办的。故选A。
答案：A　
10.A.ideas B.choices C.decorations D.invitations
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个孩子都免费得到一个蛋糕、一份礼物和派对装饰品。A.ideas想法；B.choices选择；C.decorations装饰品；D.invitations邀请。根据上文“She and her mom brought balloons， a cake and a gift back to Hope House for the child’s birthday.”可知，Lia买了气球、蛋糕和礼物，所以此处应该是指像气球那样的派对装饰品。故选C。
答案：C　
11.A.worked B.started C.agreed D.compared
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“希望之心俱乐部”是从Lia和她的两个朋友开始的。A.worked工作；B.started开始；C.agreed同意；D.compared比较。根据下文“to more than 1，000 members”可知，“希望之心俱乐部”现在壮大了，所以此处指当时是从Lia和她的两个朋友开始的。故选B。
答案：B　
12.A.fallen B.sent C.applied D.grown
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，它已经发展到1 000多名成员——那些为Lia的项目投入时间和精力的人。A.fallen摔倒；B.sent发送；C.applied应用；D.grown发展。根据下文“to more than 1，000 members”可知，“希望之心俱乐部”成员很多，所以此处指发展到这么多成员。故选D。
答案：D　
13.A.imagined B.recorded C.adapted D.enabled
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lia为每个孩子量身定制了派对。A.imagined想象；B.recorded记录；C.adapted调整；D.enabled使可能。根据下文“to make them specific for each child”可推知，Lia应该是为每个孩子都调整派对，使之成为他们专属的派对。故选C。
答案：C　
14.A.allow B.inspire C.teach D.train
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lia希望激励其他人伸出援手，帮助他们的社区。A.allow允许；B.inspire激励；C.teach教；D.train训练。根据下文“to reach out and help their community”可推知，此处应该是激励他人去做这些善事。故选B。
答案：B　
15.A.get B.express C.notice D.fill
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lia说：“如果你看到有需要，就尽力去满足。”A.get获取；B.express表达；C.notice注意到；D.fill满足。根据上文“help their community”可推知，Lia认为看到需要的时候，应当去帮助，去满足这个需要。故选D。
答案：D　
【标题】Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
@课前精梳理
原文　呈现
The Importance of Humour
　　Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for thousands of years. There is comedy in the texts of Ancient Greece， and medieval① writings are filled with jokes. [1]While these same jokes might not be as funny to us now as they were then， their authors understood that humour could not only entertain but also throw new light on sensitive or emotive② issues.
读文　清障
①medieval / medi i v（ ）l/
adj. 中世纪的，中古时期的
②emotive / m t v/ adj. 使情绪激动的
[1]While引导的让步状语从句。
幽默的重要性
数千年来，幽默一直是人类行为的重要组成部分。古希腊的文字中记载有喜剧，中世纪的作品中也常常出现笑话。虽然那些笑话对现在的我们来说可能不像当时那么有趣，但是它们的作者明白，幽默不仅娱乐大众，而且可以使人们对敏感问题或有争议的问题产生新的认识。　
原文　呈现
　　Closer to modern times， someone who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer， Mark Twain. Twain’s particular style of writing is funny and often mischievous③. For example， in his classic novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer， he famously says， “Writing is easy. All [2]you have to do is cross out the wrong words.” But he is equally well known for his witty④ remarks⑤ in his everyday interactions⑥ with people. For instance， while on a lecturing tour of the United States， Twain went into a barber’s⑦ shop to get a haircut and a shave⑧. The barber， not recognising him， asked [3]if he had a ticket to the lecture. When Twain replied that he didn’t， the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand， as there were no seats left in the theatre. Twain’s response was， “That’s just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow⑨ lectures！”
读文　清障
③mischievous / m st v s/
adj. 调皮的，淘气的
④witty / w ti/ adj. 说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
⑤remark /r mɑ k/ n. 言论；意见，评论
⑥interaction / nt r k （ ）n/ n. 交流
⑦barber / bɑ b / n. 男理发师
⑧shave / e v/ n. 刮脸，刮胡子
⑨fellow / fel / n. 男人；家伙
[2]省略了that的定语从句，修饰All。
[3]if引导的条件状语从句。
　　到了近现代，美国作家马克·吐温因擅长用幽默的方式表达严肃的内容而著称。吐温独特的写作风格幽默风趣，而且常常带有调侃意味。例如，在他的经典小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》中有一句名言“写作很容易，你要做的就是把错误的单词划掉”。但他也因日常与人交流中的诙谐言论而出名。比如，有一次在美国巡回演讲时，马克·吐温走进一家理发店去理发和刮脸。理发师没有认出他来，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。当马克·吐温说没有时，理发师告诉他，如果他想去听演讲就只能站着了，因为剧院里已经没有座位了。马克·吐温回答说：“真倒霉。只要那个家伙演讲，我总是要站着！”　
原文　呈现
　　Like Twain， but on the other side of the world， the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was soon to become famous for his own unique brand of humour⑩. In his essay “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people， [4]concluding that， “The world is full of amusing things. The thought of them would always make you laugh out loud， even when you’re just sitting by yourself.”
读文　清障
⑩brand of humour 某种类型的幽默
brand /br nd/ n. 品牌，牌子
essay / ese / n. 短文，论说文
conclude /k n klu d/ v. 作出……结论，推断出
amusing / mju zi / adj. 逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的
[4]concluding... 为现在分词短语作状语。
　　和马克·吐温类似，但在世界的另一端，中国作家汪曾祺很快因其独特的幽默风格而闻名。在他的文章《你好，幽默》中，汪曾祺用了不到600个文字介绍了名人的几个幽默的例子，总结出“世界充满了神奇的事物。想到他们总会让你大笑，即使当你只是一个人坐着的时候。”　
原文　呈现
　　Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life. He himself gives the best example to the word “humour”. One day， one of his readers flattered him by saying， “Gaoyou is famous for， first， the poet Qin Shaoyou， and second， Wang Zengqi.” Wang didn’t show any displeasure but only gave a gentle response， “No. Gaoyou salted duck eggs are much more famous than me. I can only stay in the third place.” On another occasion， Wang was invited to give a speech in the US and was scheduled to speak last. He walked to the podium and began， “Unfortunately， none of today’s speakers have last names [5]starting with X， Y， or Z， so I am the last one to speak. Speaking last is difficult because everyone is already very tired. But don’t worry. My speech will be as short as a rabbit’s tail.”
读文　清障
flatter / fl t / v. 奉承，讨好
gentle /d entl/ adj. 和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的
podium / p udi m/ n. 表演台，讲台
[5]现在分词短语作后置定语。
　　汪曾祺认为幽默不仅展现一个人的个性，也反映了一个人对生活的态度。他自己就是世界上“幽默”最好的例子。一天，他的一个读者奉承他说：“高邮古有秦少游，今有汪曾祺，秦少游第一，您第二。”汪曾祺没有表现出任何不满，而是慢悠悠地说：“不，高邮咸鸭蛋比我有名多了。我只能排第三。”另一次，汪曾祺被邀请在美国演讲并被安排最后一个发言。他走到演讲台，开口便说：“很不巧，今天没有一个演讲者的姓是以X、Y、Z开头的，所以我是最后一个发言。最后一个发言是困难的，因为大家都已经很疲倦了。不过大家可以放心，我的发言很短，短得像兔子的尾巴。”　
原文　呈现
　　Both Twain and Wang understood that humour isn’t just about laughter， but is a way of life and a tool [6]that can be used to illuminate the world. Wang once said， “Life may be like a dream， short and uncertain. But I pour my true feelings into it. The world gave me its love first， so I cannot help but love it back.” Life is never smooth sailing and sometimes can be complicated and cruel. But humour can help us maintain our enthusiasm for life. In fact， some may argue [7]that our need for humour is almost as great as our need for water and air. In the words of Mark Twain， “Humor is mankind’s greatest blessing”.
读文　清障
illuminate / lu m ne t/ v. 照亮，照明
complicated / k mpl ke t d/
adj. 难处理的；难懂的
enthusiasm / n θju zi z m/ n. 热情，热忱
[6]that引导的定语从句，修饰a tool。
[7]that引导的宾语从句。
　　马克·吐温和汪曾祺都明白，幽默不仅仅能带来笑声，它还是一种生活方式，是一种可以用来照亮世界的工具。汪曾祺曾经说过：“人生如梦，短暂而不确定。但我投入的是真情。世界先爱了我，我不能不爱他。”生活从来都不是一帆风顺的，有时也会复杂和残酷。但幽默可以帮助我们保持对生活的热情。事实上，有些人甚至会认为我们对幽默的需求几乎与我们对水和空气的需求一样强烈。用马克·吐温的话来说：“幽默是人类头等的幸事。”　
基础　自测
Ⅰ.重点单词
基础词汇
1.fame n. 名声，名誉
2.literary adj. 文学的
3.tale n. 故事
4.medieval adj. 中世纪的，中古时期的
5.mischievous adj. 调皮的，淘气的
6.witty adj. 说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
7.remark n. 言论；意见，评论
8.barber n. 男理发师
9.shave n. 刮脸，刮胡子
10.fellow n. 男人；家伙
11.brand n. 品牌，牌子
12.essay n. 短文，论说文
13.flatter v. 奉承，讨好
14.podium n. 表演台，讲台
15.illuminate v. 照亮，照明
plicated adj. 难处理的；难懂的
拓展词汇
1.consistently adv. 一贯地，一致地→consistent adj. 前后一致的；始终如一的
2.optimism n. 乐观；乐观主义→optimistic adj. 乐观的
3.emotive adj. 使情绪激动的→emotion n. 情绪
4.interaction n. 交流→interact v. 交流，沟通
5.conclude v. 作出……结论，推断出→conclusion n. 总结
6.amusing adj. 逗人发笑的，好笑的，有趣的→amuse v. 给……提供娱乐；逗……乐→amused adj. 愉快的；开心的→amusement n. 娱乐；娱乐活动
7.gentle adj. 和蔼友善的，温和的，温柔的→gently adv. 温和地；轻柔地
8.enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱→enthusiastic adj. 热情的；热心的→enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地
9.composer n. 作曲家→compose v. 作曲→composition n. 作文；作曲
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.cross out 划掉，删掉
2.fall behind 不能按时完成（工作）；落后；跟不上
3.throw new light on 使（某事）显得非常清楚；使人了解（某事）
4.brand of humour 某种类型的幽默
5.in the third place 第三
6.pour... into... 向……投入……
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.The barber， not recognising him， asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.
理发师没有认出他来，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
2.Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life.
汪曾祺认为幽默不仅展现一个人的个性，也反映了一个人对生活的态度。
语篇　细研
Ⅰ.根据课文内容选择最佳选项
1.What can we learn about Mark Twain from Paragraph 2？
A.Mark Twain is a famous British writer.
B.Mark Twain thought writing was very easy.
C.All audience had to stand when listening to Mark Twain’s lecture.
D.Mark Twain is humorous both in his writing and everyday interactions with people.
答案：D　
2.What can we learn about Wang Zengqi from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4？
A.Wang Zengqi is good at using humour.
B.People believe that Wang is more famous than Twain.
C.Being scheduled to give a speech last made Wang unhappy.
D.All of Wang’s writings are in Chinese.
答案：A　
3.What is the structure of the passage？
答案：C
Ⅱ.课文语法填空
　　Humour has been an essential part of human behaviour for 1.thousands（thousand） of years.
Closer to modern times， someone 2.who is remembered for his ability to combine humour with more serious messages is American writer， Mark Twain. Besides， he is 3.equally（equal） famous for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions 4.with people. On a lecturing tour of the United States， Twain went into a barber’s shop 5.to get（get） a haircut and a shave. The barber， not 6.recognising（recognise） him， asked if he had a ticket to the lecture. When Twain 7.replied（reply） that he didn’t， the barber told him that if he wanted to go to the event he would have to stand， as there were no seats 8.left（leave） in the theatre. Twain’s 9.response（respond） was， “That’s just my luck. I always have to stand when that fellow lectures.”
Like Twain， but on 10.the other side of the world， the Chinese writer Wang Zengqi was famous for his own unique brand of humour.
@课堂强研习
词汇　精讲
1.remark n. 言论；意见，评论　v. 评论；谈论；说起
[教材P10]But he is equally well known for his witty remarks in his everyday interactions with people.但他也因日常与人交流中的诙谐言论而出名。
归纳拓展
（1）make a remark on/upon... 就……发表意见；对……评头论足
（2）remark on/upon... 就……发表意见/评论
remark that... 谈到……；说起……
（3）remarkable adj. 值得注意的；显著的；非凡的
佳句背诵
Visitors always remark on the beauty of our surroundings.
游客总是对我们环境的优美赞不绝口。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）He left the table， remarking（remark） that he had some work to do.
（2）His remarks（remark） inspired all the Chinese people.
一句多译
对别人的相貌评头论足是没有礼貌的。
（3）It’s impolite to make a remark on/upon the appearance of others. （remark n.）
（4）It’s impolite to remark on/upon the appearance of others. （remark v.）
2.conclude v. 作出……结论，推断出
[教材P11]In his essay “On Humour”， Wang used fewer than 600 characters to introduce several humorous examples of famous people， concluding that， “The world is full of amusing things...”在他的文章《你好，幽默》中，汪曾祺用了不到600个文字介绍了名人的几个幽默的例子，总结出“世界充满了神奇的事物……”
归纳拓展
（1）conclude... with... 以……结束……
conclude from 从……中得出；推断
to conclude 总之；最后
（2）conclusion n. 结论；结束
in conclusion 最后；总之
bring... to a conclusion 结束……
come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion （from...） （由……）得出结论
佳句背诵
He concluded from their remarks that they were not in favor of the plan.
他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。
in conclusion 和to conclude常作总结语使用，有此用法的其他表达还有in short、 in brief、 in a word、 all in all、 to sum up、 briefly （speaking）、on the whole等。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）He concluded his speech with a famous saying： “Where there is a will， there is a way.”
（2）I’ve drawn a conclusion（conclude） that he’s not the right person for the job.
（3）In conclusion， walking is a cheap， safe， enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
句型　精析
1.现在分词（短语）作状语
The barber， not recognising him， asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.[教材P11]
理发师没有认出他来，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
句法分析
本句中的“not recognising him”为现在分词短语，作伴随状语。
归纳拓展
（1）现在分词分为一般式（doing/being done）和完成式（having done/having been done）。
（2）现在分词（短语）在句中作状语，可表示时间、条件、原因、结果、方式或伴随，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
（3）从分词的时间意义上看，现在分词的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。
（4）从语态意义上看，现在分词的一般式往往表示主动的动作，它所修饰的人或物是分词动作的执行者，其否定形式是在前面加not。
佳句背诵
Searching along the deck， it had taken him some time to find a doctor.
他沿着甲板找了好久才找到一名医生。
现在分词（短语）作结果状语状语时，一般表示“顺理成章”的结果。如表示“意料之外或不愉快”的结果，应用不定式（短语）。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）Hearing（hear） the news， he jumped with great joy.
（2）Not knowing （know） how to work out the difficult physics problem， he asked the teacher for help.
（3）Living （live） far from my company， I have to get up early every morning.
（4）Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on October 5th， 2015， becoming （become） the first Chinese woman to win the Nobel Prize.
2.not only... but also... 不仅……而且……
Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life.[教材P11]
汪曾祺认为幽默不仅展现一个人的个性，也反映了一个人对生活的态度。
句法分析
本句中的“not only... but also...”意为“不仅……而且……”，连接并列成分。
归纳拓展
（1）用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中的also有时可以省略。
（2）若连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装语序。
（3）若连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语的单复数通常采用就近原则。
佳句背诵
She is not only good at maths， but she is interested in English as well.
她不仅擅长数学，而且对英语也感兴趣。
巧学活用
单句语法填空
（1）Not only you but also I am（be） to blame.
（2）Not only did（do） the dog bark at him， but also bit him.
（3）He is not only strong and healthy but very smart.
达标　练案
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.This can provide clues about the true meaning of their non－verbal interactions（交流）.
2.The nurse washed and shaved（刮脸） him.
3.Her father advised her to keep her distance from that fellow（家伙）.
4.You should draw up a plan or outline for the essay（短文）.
5.He likes to surround himself with amusing（有趣的） people.
6.She has shown enthusiasm（热忱） in the performance of her duties.
7.He is a quiet and gentle（温和的） man who likes sports and enjoys life.
8.A car is also very complicated（复杂的）， needing not only car payments， but insurance， maintenance， repairs， gas and more.
9.When the group discussion is nearing its end， make sure to conclude（作出……结论） it with important points.
10.He deserves his status as one of the most popular composers（作曲家） in Western music history.
Ⅱ.短语填空
fall behind； cross out； due to； combine with； throw new light on
1.One will fall behind the times if one does not acquire new knowledge.
2. Due to her contribution in serving the society， she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize aged 69.
3.Gradually， they combined with the Kunqu opera， Yiyang opera， Hanju opera and Luantan， and formed the present Beijing opera.
4.Dogs have complex emotions such as jealousy（嫉妒） and pride， according to a scientific research that threw new light on their relations with humans.
5.I want to cross out the unnecessary words.
@写作学技法
介绍一位喜剧演员
技法　指导
　　对喜剧演员的介绍属于人物介绍类的记叙文。此类文章主要介绍喜剧演员的生平、轶闻趣事、代表作品以及人们的评价等，可重点突出该喜剧演员的表演风格。写作此类文章时要注意包含以下内容：
（1）该喜剧演员的生平、主要事迹与他/她在喜剧领域中的地位；
（2）该喜剧演员的性格特点，可通过几个事例进行佐证；
（3）该喜剧演员的表演风格、代表作品，以及他/她的作品给我们带来的生活启示；
（4）该喜剧演员所获得的荣誉以及人们的评价。
增分　佳句
1.He was born in London on July 8， 1956， and was interested in comedy since childhood.
他于1956年7月8日出生在伦敦，从小就对喜剧感兴趣。
2.He became famous for the role of a clown.
他因为演一个小丑而出名。
3.As to how to make people laugh， I think nobody can compare with him.
至于如何使别人发笑，我认为没有人能与他相比。
4.He is an internationally recognised comedy character on TV and in films.
他是国际公认的一位在影视剧中的喜剧角色。
5.What impresses me most is his particular style of acting， which makes people laugh.
给我印象最深的是他独特的表演风格，让人捧腹大笑。
6.His most famous work is Mr. Bean shown in 1990， which made him an instant hit.
他最著名的作品是1990年上映的《憨豆先生》，这让他一炮而红。
7.Among all his works， my favourite is The Mask.
他的作品中，我最喜爱的是《变相怪杰》。
8.I’m deeply attracted by his performance which was excellent.
我被他精彩的表演深深地吸引了。
9.In my opinion， he was one of the best comedians of his time.
在我看来，他是他那个时代最杰出的喜剧演员之一。
10.In conclusion， his works not only bring us laughter but also give us lots of inspiration.
总之，他的作品不仅给我们带来笑声，而且给我们许多启示。
写作　实例
　　罗温·艾金森（Rowan Atkinson）是著名的喜剧大师，在英国和其他国家都拥有众多的粉丝。请根据下表提供的信息，写一篇英语短文介绍罗温·艾金森。
人物 罗温·艾金森，英国著名的喜剧演员，1955年1月6日出生于英格兰，毕业于牛津大学
荧幕 形象 因其扮演的“憨豆先生”而出名，这个角色有点傻，但是却告诉人们面对生活要乐观
表演 方式 通过丰富的肢体动作来展示自己的幽默，使观众发笑
评价 出色的演技为他赢得了许多奖项，被称为继卓别林之后的又一位喜剧大师
　　注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　参考词汇：牛津大学University of Oxford；憨豆先生Mr. Bean；乐观optimistic
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
　　　　　　
一、词汇训练
1.comedian n.(共13张PPT)
Unit 1Laugh out loud！
单元归纳总结
重点　单词
1. mood n. 心情
be in a good/happy mood 心情愉悦
be in a bad mood 情绪低落
be/feel in the/no mood for sth./to do sth. （没）有心情做某事
moody adj. 情绪多变的；郁郁寡欢的
2. amusement n. 娱乐，消遣
to one’s amusement 让人感到愉快/有趣的是
amuse vt. 使发笑；使愉快
amuse oneself with... 以……自娱
amused adj. 感到有趣的
be amused at/with/by... 以……为乐；对……觉得有趣
keep sb. amused （with/by...） （用……）使某人开心
amusing adj. 有趣的；引人发笑的
3. spot vt. 发现，注意到，看出　n. 地点，处所；斑点；污迹
spot sb./sth. doing sth. 发现某人/物正在做某事
in a spot 处于困境中
on the spot 当场；在现场；立即
spotted adj. 有斑点的；沾上污点的
be spotted with... 沾上……污点；被……弄脏
4. entertain v. 使快乐；招待，款待
entertain sb. with sth. 用某物使某人快乐
entertain sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人
entertainment n. 娱乐；文娱节目；招待，款待
to one’s entertainment 使某人高兴的是
entertaining adj. 有趣的；使人愉快的
5. essential adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的
be essential to/for...对……极其重要
It is essential （for sb. ） to do sth. （对某人来说）做某事是极其重要的。
It is essential that...（should） do...是必要/极其重要的。
essentially adv. 本质上，根本上
6. impress v. 使钦佩，使留下深刻印象
impress sb. with sth./sb. 某物或某人给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人了解某事的重要性
impression n. 印象
make/leave an impression on 给……留下印象
impressive adj. 令人赞叹的
7. deserve v. 应得，应受到
deserve sth. 值得；应得
deserve to do sth. 值得/应该做某事
deserve doing/to be done 值得/应该被……
deserve well/ill of sb. 应该受到某人好的/坏的对待
8. remark n.言论；意见，评论　v.评论；谈论；说起
make a remark on/upon... 就……发表意见；对……评头论足
remark on/upon... 就……发表意见/评论
remark that... 谈到……；说起……
remarkable adj.值得注意的；显著的；非凡的
9. conclude v. 作出……结论，推断出
conclude... with... 以……结束……
conclude from 从……中得出；推断
to conclude 总之；最后
conclusion n. 结论；结束
in conclusion 最后；总之
bring... to a conclusion 结束……
come to/draw/reach/get to/arrive at a conclusion （from...） （由……）得出结论
重点　短语
1. look through 浏览；翻阅；透过……看；识破，看穿
look around环视；四下查看
look back （on） 回顾，回想
look down on/upon 看不起，轻视
look up to 尊敬，敬仰
look into 朝里看；调查；深入了解
look out 当心，注意
look up 抬头看；查找；查出；查阅
look over 检查；查看
look forward to 盼望；期待
2. in pain 痛苦地；感到疼痛
have a pain/pains in... ……部位疼
suffer （from） pain 忍受疼痛
spare no pains 不遗余力，全力以赴
take （great） pains to do sth. 尽力做某事
No pain（s）， no gain（s）. 不劳无获。
painful adj. 令人疼痛的；引起痛苦的
painless adj. 不费力的；无痛的
painfully adv. 令人痛苦地
3. make sense 有意义；理解
It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
make sense of sth. 理解某事，弄懂某事
make no sense 没有道理，没有意义
There’s no sense in （doing） sth. （做）某事没道理。
in a/one sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 绝不
a sense of humour/direction 幽默感/方向感
common sense常识
重点　句型
1. We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses， who keep us updated on each patient.我们必须非常敏感，并且与医生和护士密切合作，他们让我 们了解每个病人的最新情况。
2. The barber， not recognising him， asked if he had a ticket to the lecture.理发师没有 认出他来，问他有没有这场演讲的门票。
3. Wang believed that humour not only shows one’s personality， but also reflects a person’s attitude towards life.汪曾祺认为幽默不仅展现一个人的个性，也反映了一个人 对生活的态度。
重点　语法
非限制性定语从句
1. I walk through the doors into the waiting area， where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.
2. People sit uncomfortably on plastic chairs， looking through old magazines， all of which have been read hundreds of times previously.
3. I speak with the on－duty nurse， who tells me that Lara’s parents rushed her to the hospital after she fell off her bicycle.
4. ... laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better， which means clown doctors can be helpful.
5. We have to be very sensitive and work closely with the doctors and nurses，who keep us updated on each patient.

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