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Unit6 讲义-学生版
课文解析&基础梳理&U6 强化
【词转】
1. weigh v.称重量；权衡→weight n.重量；分盘
2. invent v.发明→inventor n.发明家→invention n.发明物
3. discover v.发现→discovery n.发现→discoverer n.发现者
4. create v.创造；创作→creative adj.有创造力的；创造（性）的
5. die v.死亡→dead adj.死的；失去生命的→dying adj.垂死的→death n.死亡
6. successful adj.成功的；圆满的；非常赚钱的→success n.成功→succeed v.成功
7. changer n.改变者→change v.改变→changeable adj.易变的
8. beg v.乞讨；恳求；回避正题→beggar n.乞丐
9. real adj.真正的→really adv.真正地→realise v.意识到；实现
10. scientist n.科学家→science n.科学→scientific adj.科学的
11. lose v.遗失；丢失→lost adj.迷路的；丢失的
12. power n.电；电力供应；力量→powerful adj.强大的→powerless s adj.无权的→powerfully adv.强大地
13. pain n.疼痛；努力→painful adj.痛苦的→painfully adv.痛苦地
14. poem n.诗→poetic adj.诗歌的→poetry n.诗集→poet n.诗人
15. publish v.出版；发行→publisher n.出版商→publishment n.出版→publishing house（＝press）出版社
16. inexpensive adj.廉价的；不昂贵的→expensive adj.昂贵的；价格高的
17. saver n.救助者；救星→save v.救；救助；挽救
18. sick adj.生病的；有病的→sickness n.疾病；不健康
19. admire v.钦佩；赞赏；仰慕→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
【本课音标】
辅音字母组合 tr 与 dr 的发音
1．辅音字母组合 tr 通常发/tr/音，如 tree[tri ]，street[stri t]，try[tra ]等。
2．辅音字母组合 dr 通常发/dr/音，如 draw[dr ]，dry[dra ]，dream[dri m]等。
【U6 Famous people in history 课文解析】
【U6 Famous people in history 课文解析】
A.
Five great scientists who changed the world
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Isaac Newton
[ aiz k nju t n] published the __________ [ θ ri]of gravity(重力) in 1687
(艾萨克·牛顿)
Thomas Edison
[ t m s edisn] invented a safe and __________ (expensive) light bulb in 1879
(托马斯·爱迪生)
Marie Curie
[m ri kj ri] discovered radium(镭) with her husband __________ 1898
(玛丽居里)
Albert Einstein
[ lb t 'a n sta n] published a paper __________ the theory of general relativity(相对论) in 1916
(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)
Yuan Longping
grew the world's __________ (one) hybrid(杂交水稻) rice plants in 1973 (袁隆平)
B.
Wang Yiming and his classmates are looking at the project display on life savers in history.
Li Shizhen
(李时珍) wrote a famous book on Traditional Chinese __________ [ medsn].
1518-1593，China
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Florence Nightingale
[ fl r ns na t ɡe l] started the first school for nurses in __________ UK and spent her life taking care of
(弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔) s__________ people.
1820-1910，UK
Alexander Fleming
[ l ɡ zɑ nd fl m ] discovered __________ [ pen s l n], a new kind of medicine, and __________ (win) the
(亚历山大·弗莱明) Nobel Prize.
1881-1955，UK
Henry Norman Bethune
[ henri n rm n b θjun] saved many Chinese __________ (soldier) during World WarⅡ and __________ (lose) his
(亨利·诺尔曼·白求恩) life at the war hospital
1890-1939，Canada
Harry: Lu Yao, is this your project
Lu Yao: Yes. It's about Li Shizhen. He wrote Bencao Gangmu.《本草纲目》
Harry: Is it a very famous book on Traditional Chinese Medicine
Lu Yao: Yes. There are 1,892 different __________ (herb) in it.
Harry: How many I didn't __________ (quite/quiet) catch that.
Lu Yao: 1,892.
Harry: Wow!
Lu Yao: What about __________ (you) project
Harry: Our project is about Hua Tuo. He __________ (invent) mafeisan.
Lu Yao: __________ [ pɑ dn] What did he invent
Harry: Mafeisan, a kind of medicine. It was made __________ herbs. People wouldn't feel p__________ after taking it.
Lu Yao: That's amazing.
C.
William Shakespeare
([ w lj m e ksp r] 威廉·莎士比亚)
William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon(埃文河畔斯特拉特), England. Young Shakespeare
loved reading plays, __________ (poem) and stories, and often watched plays in his hometown.
In 1582, he had a family. He went to London to try his __________ (lucky) in the l__________ 1580s. There were
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many theatres. He took care of horses and __________ (act) in plays. Then he tried writing plays. __________ 1589 to
1600, Shakespeare wrote about 20 plays such __________ Romeo and Juliet. After seeing how poor people lived, he wrote
__________ [ tr d diz] like Hamlet. People loved his plays __________ he created many unique characters and brought
them to l__________ on the stage.
In the e__________1610s, he went back to his hometown and kept __________ (write). He died in 1616.
Shakespeare wrote 37 plays and over 150 poems __________ all. Today there are still millions __________
Shakespeare fans in the world. His works make us __________ (laugh), cry and think.
D.
Short stories of famous people
Thomas Gainsborough(托马斯·庚斯博罗) was a famous __________ (Britain) painter. Once little Thomas saw a man
try__________ (break) into a house. He went back home and drew a picture __________ him. Tom's father saw the picture
and handed it __________ the police. The thief was soon __________ (catch). That was how Thomas __________ (find)
his talent in painting.
Richard Feynman(理查德·费曼) was a great __________ (science). He liked playing with physics. Do you know his
Nobel Prize idea came __________ a plate One day, Feynman saw someone throwing a plate in the air. There was a red
university seal(印章) on the plate. As the plate went __________, it wobbled(摇晃) and the seal went around too.
Feynman noticed that the seal moved __________ a different speed __________ the plate. He watched for a long time
and found __________ the moving rule. Later, his __________ (discover) won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965,
which he shared with two __________ (other/another/the other) scientists.
E.
It's a story __________ a clever boy named Cao Chong. One day,
his father Cao Cao said, "Look! There's __________ elephant. How
h__________ is it " No one knew. But the________________ (8 岁的)
Cao Chong had __________ idea. He asked someone__________
(take) the elephant on a boat, mark the __________ [ levl] of the water
on its side and then take it __________. He asked some people to put
rocks on the boat __________ the water reached the mark.
F__________, they weighed the rocks and got the elephant's
__________ (weigh).
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【U6 单词】
序号 单词 音标 词性 中文含义
1. Changer [ t e nd ] n. 改变者；改进者
2. Scientist [ sa nt st] n. 科学家
3. change [t e nd ] v.＆n. 改变；变化
4. publish [ p bl ] v. 出版；发行
5. theory [ θ ri] n. 学说；理论
6. invent [ n vent] v. 发明；创造
7. inexpensive [ n k spens v] adj. 廉价的；不昂贵的
8. bulb [b lb] n. 电灯泡
9. discover [d sk v (r)] v. 发现
10. general [ d enr l] adj. 全体的；普遍的；总的
11. video [ v di ] n. 录像；录影
12. smart [smɑ t] adj. 聪明的；机敏的
13. inventor [ n vent (r)] n. 发明者；发明家
14. real [ ri l] adj. 真正的
15. power [ pa (r)] n. 电；电力供应
16. power station 发电站；发电厂
17. die [da ] v. 死亡
18. successful [s k sesfl] adj. 达到目的的；有成效的；获得成功的
19. invention [ n ven n] n. 发明；创造
20. saver [ se v (r)] n. 救助者；救星
21. medicine [ medsn] n. 药
22. spend [spend] v. 花（时间）；度过
23. sick [s k] adj. 生病的；有病的
24. penicillin [ pen s l n] n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
25. soldier [ s ld (r)] n. 军人；士兵
26. lose [lu z] v. 遗失；丢失
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27. admire [ d ma (r)] v. 钦佩；赞赏；仰慕
28. herb [h b] n. 药草；香草
29. pardon [ pɑ dn] excl. 请再说一遍
30. pain [pe n] n. 疼痛
31. beg [beɡ] v. 乞讨；乞求
32. beg your pardon 请原谅；请再说一遍
33. storyteller [ st ritel (r)] n. 讲故事的人
34. poem [ p m] n. 诗
35. act [ kt] v. 表演 n．行为
36. poor [p (r)] adj. 贫穷的
37. tragedy [ tr d di] n. 悲惨的事；不幸；灾难
38. create [kri e t] v. 创造；创作
39. character [ k r kt (r)] n. 角色
40. stage [ste d ] n. 舞台
41. million [ m lj n] num. 一百万
42. mark [mɑ k] v. 做记号；做标记 n．标记；记号
43. level [ levl] n. 水平；标准
44. until(=till) [ n t l] conj. 直到······为止
45. weigh [we ] v. 称重量；权衡
46. weight [we t] n. 重 量；分量
47. stamp [st mp] n. 邮票
辅音字母组合 tr 与 dr 的发音
1．辅音字母组合 tr 通常发/tr/音，如 tree[tri ]，street[stri t]，try[tra ]等。
2．辅音字母组合 dr 通常发/dr/音，如 draw[dr ]，dry[dra ]，dream[dri m]等。
【词组】
1．发表引力理论 publish the theory of gravity
2．闯人房屋 break into a house
3．创办第一所护士学校 start the first school for nurses
4．失去生命 lose one’s life
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5．发明一种既安全又便宜的灯泡 invent a safe and inexpensive light bulb
6．种植世界上第一批杂交水稻 grow the world's first hybrid rice plants
7．开第一个电站赚钱 open the first power station to make money
8．成功地完成了他的第一个发明 make his first successful invention
9．一本关于中医的名著 a famous book on Traditional Chinese Medicine
10．因它的当地小吃而闻名 is famous for its local snacks
11．照顾病人 take care of sick people
12．尝试写剧本 try writing plays
13．最伟大的发明之一 one of the greatest inventions
14．种植杂交水稻 grow hybrid rice
15．发表一篇关于广义相对论的论文 publish a paper on the theory of general relativity
16．创造许多独特的角色 create many unique characters
17．数以百万计的书 millions of books
18．获得诺贝尔奖 win the Nobel Prize
19．历史上的名人 famous people in history
20．直到最后 until the end
21．发表万有引力理论 publish the theory of gravity
22．到达标记 reach the mark
23．经历和成就 experiences and achievements
24．另外两个科学家 two other scientists
25．在 17 世纪 10 年代初 in the early 1610s
26．把石头放在船上 put rocks on the boat
27．一个聪明的发明家 a smart inventor
28．在舞台上 on the stage
29．分享关于莎士比亚的简短传记 share a short biography about Shakespeare
30．带来很多新想法和思想 bring a lot of new ideas and thoughts
31．一次到多伦路的出游 an outing to Duolun Road
32．帮助治疗癌症 help treat cancer
33．获得诺贝尔化学奖 win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry
34．发明一个不贵的灯泡 invent an inexpensive light bulb
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35．为邮票俱乐部设计邮票 design stamps for the stamp club
36．一间中式茶馆 a Chinese-style tea house
37．让角色栩栩如生 bring characters to life
38．以减肥 to lose weight
39．照顾这些孩子 take care of／look after the children
40．关于…的讲座 a lecture on．．．
41．花费一个月帮助 spend a month helping
42．变我的想法 changed my mind
43．在历史上 in history
44．伟大的科学家 great scientists
45．发明电灯泡 invent the light bulb
46．改变世界的人 world changer
47．在二战期间 during World War II
48．发现青霉 discover penicillin
49．照顾病人 take care of sick people
50．写剧本 write plays
51．救一名士兵 save a soldier
52．丧生 lose one’s life
53．在 16 世纪 80 年代末 in the late 1580s
54．碰碰运气 try one’s luck
55．标记水位 mark the level of the water
56．使…生动起来 bring…to life
【句子】
1．牛顿于 1687 年发表了万有引力理论。（publish）
Newton published the theory of gravity in 1687.
2．爱迪生在纽约成功地完成了他的第一项发明。（invention）
Edison made his first successful invention in New York.
3．南丁格尔一生都在照顾病人。（spend）
Nightingale spent her life taking care of/looking after the sick people.
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4．人们喜欢他的戏剧，因为他创造了许多独特的人物，并把他们带到舞台上。（create）
People loved his plays, because he created many unique characters and brought them to life on the stage.
5．他让一些人把石头放在船上，直到水达到标记处。（until）
He asked some people to put rocks on the boat until the water reached the mark.
6．他决定要成为一名发明家。（inventor）
He decided to become an inventor.
7．我认为他将会成功。（successful）
I think he is going to be successful.
8．我看电视花的时间太多。（spend）
I spend too much time watching television/TV.
9．我会在外面等到会议结束。（until）
I'll wait outside until the meeting's over.
10．我们必须立即采取行动。（take action）
We must take action at once.
11．在平底锅里将西红柿和油加热。（heat）
Heat the tomatoes and oil in a pan.
12．两国之间的贸易在去年增长了。（increase）
Trade between the two countries increased last year.
13．他去年写过几本关于印度的书。（several）
He wrote several books about India last year.
14．王一鸣正在看关于改变世界的名人的网页。
Wang Yiming is looking at a web page about famous world changers.
15．爱迪生开设了第一家发电站来赚钱。
Edison opened the first power station to make money.
16．白求恩在二战中救了很多中国士兵。
Bethune saved many Chinese soldiers during World War II
17．在《本草纲目》中有 1892 种不同的药草。
There are 1892 different herbs in Bencao Gangmu.
18．莎士比亚在 16 世纪 80 年代末去伦敦碰碰运气。
Shakespeare went to London to try his luck in the late 1580s.
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19．莎士比亚创作了许多角色，并使他们栩栩如生。
Shakespeare created many characters and brought them to life.
20．他的作品让我们笑，让我们哭，让我们思考。
His works make us laugh, cry and think.
21．这头大象有多重？
How heavy is this elephant
22．他命人在船的一边标记水位。
He asked someone to mark the level of the water on its side
23．他们称了石头的重量，得到了大象的重量。
They weighed the rocks and got the elephant's weight.
24．爱迪生是世界上最有名的发明家之一。（inventor）
Edison is one of the most famous inventors in the world.
25．妈妈花费了一小时做了一个蛋糕。（spend）
Mum spent one hour making a cake.
26．花店里有成百上千朵花。（hundreds of）
There are hundreds of flowers in the flower shop.
27．Alice 有一个良好的饮食习惯并且她成功地减了肥。（lose weight）
Alice has a good eating habit and she loses weight successfully.
28．我认为这将会成功。（successful）
I think it will be successful.
29．莎士比亚于 1564 年 4 月 26 日出生在英国中部的斯特拉特福。
Shakespeare was born on April 26th,1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon.
30．多少？我刚没听清楚。
How many I didn't quite catch that.
31．在见到穷人的生活后，他写下了像《哈姆雷特》这样的悲剧。
After seeing how poor people lived, he wrote tragedies like Hamlet.
32．他要求其他人往船上放石头，直到水面达到某个标记。
He asked other people to put rocks on the boat until the water reached the mark.
33．她是第一个获得诺贝尔化学奖的女性。
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She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
基础梳理
1. hold [h ld] v.举办；举行；握住；抓住；容纳；装下；保持某种状态；持续；继续
They will hold the meeting in the community centre.他们将会在社区活动中心举办此次会议。
Hold my hand when we cross the street.过马路时握住我的手。
This box can hold all your toys.这个盒子可以装下你所有的玩具。
Hold the door open for your friend.为你的朋友把门开着。
2. discover [d sk v (r)]v.发现
He discovered a new town on the way to his village.他在回村的路上发现了一个新的城镇。
【tips】discover，find，find out 与 look for 辨析
①discover 强调偶然或通过研究、探索找到以前未知或未觉察的事物，通常为首次或初次发现。
Columbus discovered America in 1492．哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。
②find 强调找到某物或某人，通常是有意识地搜索后的结果。
I can’t find my keys anywhere.我到处找不到我的钥匙。
③find out 强调通过询问、研究或被告知，了解信息或事实。
I need to find out when the next bus leaves.我需要找出下一班公共汽车何时离开。
④look for 表示寻找的行为或过程，强调动作本身，不强调结果。
I am looking for a new job.我正在寻找一份新工作。
3. real [ ri l]adj.真正的
really adv.真正地；确实；的确
Bono’s real name is Paul Hewson.波诺的真实姓名是保罗·休森。
The special effect looks very real.这个特效看着像真的一样。
【tips】real 与 true 辨析
①real 强调实际存在和真实性
real 通常用来描述某物或某人是实际存在的，而不是想象的、虚构的或模拟的。
This is a real diamond， not a fake one，这是真正的钻石，不是人造的。
②true 强调与事实相符和忠实
true 用来描述与事实相符的，或者忠实于事实的，也可以表示某事物的本质或性格。
It’s true that she＇s leaving the company.她要离开公司，这是真的。
4. over [ v (r)] prep. 多于（某时间、数量、花费等）
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over =more than 多于
She stayed in the UK for over a month.她在英国逗留了一个多月。
Edison made the light blub work for over 13 hours．爱迪生让这个电灯泡工作了超过 13 个小时。
5. successful [s k sesfl]adj.达到目的的；有成效的；获得成功的
success n.成功
succeed v.达到目的；实现目标；办到；成功
成功做了某事
succeed in doing sth
=(be) successful in/at doing sth
=do sth successfully
=manage to do
=be able to do
His latest film was not very successful at the box office.他最新的电影在票房上并不是很成功。
The plan was successful in/at reducing traffic congestion during the peak hours.
该计划在高峰时段成功地减少了交通拥堵。
6. spend [spend]v.花(时间/金钱)；度过
spend-spent-spent
在…上花(时间/金钱)
spend sth on
=spend sth+(in)+doing
We spent the weekend in Paris.我们在巴黎度过了周末。
How long did you spend on your homework？你做家庭作业用了多长时间？
I spent too much time in watching television yesterday.我昨天看电视花的时间太多了。
I’ve spent all my money already.我已经把我的钱全都花完了。
She spent 100 on a new dress.她花 100 英镑买了一条新连衣裙。
7. sick [s k]adj.生病的；有病的
sickness n.疾病；不健康
The sick mother keeps working for the family.生病的母亲继续为家里工作。
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Her mother is very sick.她母亲病得很厉害。
【tips】sick 与 ill 辨析
sick 和 ill 都是形容词，都有“身体不好”的意思。
在 be，become，feel，look 或 seem 等动词后都可以使用 sick 和 ill。
sick 可以用于名词前，但 ill 不可以。
I was ill/sick for a time last year，but I’m fine now.我去年病了一段时间，但现在好了。
She’s looking after a sick child.她在照顾一个生病的孩子。（这里不能使用 an ill child）
8. pardon [ pɑ dn]excl.(感叹词) 请再说一遍
-You’re very quiet today.你今天话很少啊。
-Pardon？什么？
-I said you’re very quiet today.我说你今天话很少。
【tips】还常用 pardon 或 pardon me 表示“抱歉；对不起”的意思，与 sorry 意思相近，但多用于不小心发出了粗鲁
的声音、说错了话或做错了某事时。如：
Pardon (me)，I didn’t mean to interrupt.对不起，我不是故意要打断的。
9. million [ m lj n]num.一百万
millions of 数以百万计的；很多
The vase must be worth ten million dollars.这个花瓶一定值一千万美元。
The town has a population of half a million.这个镇子有五十万人口。
【tips】
a，one，two，several+ million 时，million 后面不加 s。
若前面没有数目或数量，可用 millions(of...)。
million 和 millions 均用复数动词(指明金额的除外)。
Four million people were affected by the typhoon.四百万人受到了台风的影响。
Millions of people were affected by the typhoon.数百万人受到了台风的影响。
Two million pounds was sent to the country.两百万英镑被送往这个国家。
Millions of cells make up the human body.数以百万计的细胞构成了人体。
10. until [ n t l]conj.(=till)直到…为止
He kept playing on his computer until his mum came home.他一直在电脑上玩，直到他妈妈回家。
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He didn’t start to do his homework until his mum came home.直到他妈妈回家，他才开始做作业。
11. try one’s luck 碰运气；希望能够成功
He decided to try his luck in the big city, leaving his small-town life behind.
他决定去大城市碰碰运气，离开了他的小镇生活。
12. try doing sth 尝试做某事
John isn’t here. Try phoning his home number.约翰不在这儿。给他家里打电话试试。
13. In general 一般来说
In general，people prefer to live in peaceful neighbourhoods.一般来说，人们更喜欢住在和平的社区。
14. in all 总共；总计
In all，we spent about four hours cleaning the house.我们一共花了大约四个小时打扫房子。
15. in the late 1580s 在 16 世纪 80 年代末
in the 1580s 意为“在 16 世纪 80 年代”，读作 in the fifteen eighties。
在表示年代的数字前加上 early，mid，late 可以分别表示“年代初”“年代中”和“年代末”之意。
16. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事；让某人做某事
Eric asked me to help him.埃里克请求我帮助他。
17. bring...to life 使…栩栩如生；使…恢复生机
The animator's skill brought the cartoon characters to life, making them seem almost real.
动画师的技巧让卡通人物栩栩如生，看起来几乎像真的一样。
18. take...off 把…带走；撤掉；脱下；脱掉
Take your dog off the grass.把你的狗从草坪上带走。
19. be made from 由…制成
be made from 前者通常用来描述某物由某原材料制成，而该原材料在最终产品中可能无法直接识别；
be made of 用来描述某物由某原材料制成，该材料在最终产品中通常可以被直接看到或识别。
The paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。
(纸张的原材料是木头，但已经无法看出木头的存在)
The table is made of glass.这张桌子是由玻璃制成的。
(桌子的原材料是玻璃，最终产品中依然可以看得出这一原材料)
20. be famous for 以…闻名；因…而出名
be famous for 以…闻名；因…而出名，接出名的原因。
be famous as 作为…而出名，接相关的身份。
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He became internationally famous for his novels.他以小说享誉国际。
She was more famous as a writer than as a singer.她作为作家比作为歌手名声要大。
21. One day, his father Cao Cao said, “Look! There's an elephant. How heavy is it？”
一天，他的父亲曹操说：“看！这儿有头大象。它多重？”
how heavy 问多重(用于对体重、重量等提问)
How heavy were you when you were born？你出生的时候多重？
How heavy is it？=How much does it weigh？=What is the weight of it 它多重？
22. But the eight-year-old Cao Chong had an idea．但是八岁的曹冲有了一个主意。
eight-year-old 是定语复合形容词，由“数词-单位-形容词”构成，“单位”部分只能使用单数。
The thirteen-year-old boy invented a self-control switch．
这个 13 岁的男孩发明了一款自动控制的开关。
The boy invented a self-control switch when he was thirteen years old.
这个男孩 13 岁的时候发明了一款自动控制的开关。
thirteen years old 是表语复合形容词，由“数词＋单位的复数形式＋形容词”构成。
【U6 强化】
I. Choose the right words to complete the sentences（选择正确的单词，完成句子）
1. Marie Curie_______________ (invented, discovered) radium with her husband in 1898.
2. There is a lecture_______________ (of, on) Yuan Longping in the hall on Monday.
3. Shanghai is famous_______________ (for, as) its bustling shopping districts, such as Nanjing Road and Huaihai Road.
4．Mafeisan (麻沸散)，a kind of medicine，was made_______________ (from，of) herbs．
5. The talented man________ (took, brought) the cartoon character to life with his vivid drawings and creative storytelling.
6. To learn without thinking is to risk being blind,_______________ (when, while) to think without learning is to risk
being impractical.
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
1. Albert Einstein was a_______________ (science) who published a paper on the theory of general relativity in 1916.
2. The poor people are so happy that the water system can provide_______________ (expensive) water for everyone.
3. She is working at a new_______________ (invent).
4. _______________ (tradition) Chinese medicine is popular in China and many other countries.
5.The_______________ (discover) of liquid water on Mars is exciting to us.
6. Steve Jobs was a_______________ (success) businessman and brought great changes to our phones.
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plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
1.There_______________ (be) a pencil, two rulers and three books on the teacher's desk.
2.Yuan Longping_______________ (discover) a new way to get rice plants to grow lots of rice.
3. Yiming is looking forward to_______________ (hear) from Lisa soon.
4. Pablo Picasso left his hometown for Paris at the age of 19 and_______________ (try)his luck there.
5. She spent the whole holiday_______________ (relax) on the beach.
6.Lisa_______________ (design) a stamp of world changes now.
IV. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）
( )1. All of us should be_______________ animals and other people.
A. unkind of B. kind for C. kind to D. unkind to
( )2. Magnolia（白玉兰）_______________ the flower of Shanghai city.
A. is famous for B. is familiar to C. is famous as D. is similar
( )3. The monkey saw_______________ in the mirror and felt very surprised.
A.it B. its C. it's D. itself
( )4.-My watch keeps good time. What about_______________. -Mine Oh, two minutes slow.
A. you B. her C. hers D. yours
( )5. The doctor advises me to try_______________ yoga. It may make me sleep well.
A. do B. to do C. a D./
( )6. The company has more than_______________ users who rely on its services daily.
A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. two thousand
( )7. -There_______________ a lot of meat on the plate. Would you lie some
-Just a little, please.
A. is B. are C. am D.be
( )8. Which of the following is NOT correct for Shakespeare
A. Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, in 1564.
B. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Romeo and Juliet are called the Four Tragedies.
C. Shakespeare left his hometown for London at about 20 and tried his luck there.
D. Shakespeare wrote over 39 plays during his career, including comedies, tragedies and histories.
( )9. _______________ great fun Mr. Thomas gave us!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
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( )10. _______________ is NOT among the Four Great Inventions of ancient China.
A. Papermaking B. Printing C. Compass D. Radium
( )11. _______________ many people riding bicycles and flying kites in Century Park.
A. There have B. There are C. There is D. There has
( )12.-How does the steak taste -Quite_______________ I like it very much.
A. well B. good C. bad D. terrible
( )13. It sounds great! I'm_______________ it.
A. waiting to B. looking after
C. hope for D. looking forward to
( )14. -May I use your dictionary -Yes, _______________.
A. you must B. of course C. you may not D. never use it
( )15. I will be free on Sunday morning because I've got_______________ to do.
A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything
VIII. Rewrite the sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子）
1．We had a great time in a Chinese-style tea house．（保持句意基本不变）
We_________ _________ in a Chinese-style tea house.
2．Adult African elephants weigh between 5,000 to 14,000 pounds．（对画线部分提问）
_________ _________ are adult African elephants
3．Yuan grew the world’s first hybrid rice plants in 1973．（对画线部分提问）
_________ _________ Yuan grow the world's first hybrid rice plants
4．She spent her life taking care of sick people．（保持句意基本不变）
She spent her life_________ _________ sick people.
5．someone， asked， to，put，he，boat，rocks，the，on（连词成句）
_______________________________________________________________
Reading
I. Read the passage and label the timeline with the events in the box（阅读短文，将方框中的事件填写在时间轴上）
The Duke of Zhou was a politician who lived during the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC-771 BC). His actual name
was Ji Dan. He was the younger brother of King Wuwang of Zhou.
The duke helped his brother beat the Kingdom of Shang and establish the dynasty. He himself was a regional ruler or
Zhuhou. However, after several years, King Wuwang fell sick and wanted the duke to become the king, but the duke
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refused. King Wuwang's oldest son then came to power-he was known as King Chengwang.
The duke acted as a responsible regent（摄政王）to help his nephew. He put down a rebellion（暴乱）.He came up
with the idea of ruling through rituals(礼仪). When his nephew came of age，the duke handed over power.
Several centuries had passed before Confucius saw the Duke of Zhou as a great politician again. He studied the
knowledge passed down from the Zhou Dynasty from a young age. He even dreamed about the duke quite often. While
serving the State of Lu, Confucius suggested that its ruler run the state with rituals but the ruler didn't listen to him. This is
why he travelled to other states to promote the idea.
After many years, his idea still didn't have much support. Already an old man, he said that he was too old to dream
about the Duke of Zhou. Later, people started using “dreaming about the Duke of Zhou" to refer to remembering scholars
of the past. Today, it simply refers to going to sleep.
A. Ji Dan put down a rebellion.
B. Confucius suggested the ruler of the State of Lu run the state with rituals.
C. King Wuwang of Zhou established the Western Zhou Dynasty.
D. The Kingdom of Shang was established.
E. The duke came up with the idea of ruling through rituals.
F. Confucius travelled to other states to promote the idea of ruling through rituals.
II. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
From broken board to skateboarding legend
Eric Koston is one of the world's best-known skateboarders. He was born in Thailand, but his family ____1____ to
the US when he was a baby. His love of skateboarding began ____2____ the age of eleven, when his older brother gave
him a skateboard. It was an old, broken board, but he learned how to skateboard by watching other kids and then he
____3____ by himself every day.
Three years later, he was so good that a company that made skateboards offered him a summer ____4____. That's
when he ____5____ to make skateboarding his life. Since then, Eric has ____6____ many international competitions,
made boarding videos and starred in a skateboarding video game. Now he owns a successful company making sports shoes
and clothes.
( )1. A. changed B. moved C. left D. returned
( )2. A. in B. on C. at D.by
( )3. A. practised B. taught C. followed D. built
( )4. A. career B. job C. work D. camp
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( )5. A. thought B. felt C. decided D. expected
( )6. A. won B. taken C. tried D. joined
IV. Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答问题）
Long ago in ancient Greece, written stories did not exist. Instead, people entertained themselves by telling stories.
These stories could have been about their lives, nature, and animals. Other friends would retell these stories. Some stories
became so popular that they spread far and wide.
Aesop was a famous storyteller in ancient Greece. We know his stories have survived for almost three thousand years.
However, we don't know much about Aesop himself. Some believe he was a slave. However, because of his talent for
storytelling, his master freed him. Others think the rulers of the time admired Aesop's wisdom and made him an adviser.
Whoever Aesop was, he is known because of his stories called “fables”. Fables are short stories that end with a moral. The
characters are often animals that speak and solve problems like humans.
You may know some of Aesop's fables, such as "The Tortoise and the Hare" This story is about a hare that was too
confident. In the end, he lost a race to a slow tortoise. The moral of the story is, "Slow and steady wins the race.”
Experts have studied Aesop's stories. Some think that he might not have created all of them. He may have taken some
stories from others and improved them. This could be why they became known as “Aesop's fables"
Aesop's fables are found in almost all languages in the world. We still learn lessons from them. They encourage us to
be kind and honest even when life is hard.
1.Who was Aesop
________________________________________________________
2.What are fables
________________________________________________________
3. How did popular stories spread long ago in ancient Greece
________________________________________________________
4. What does the underlined word “them” in the fifth paragraph refer to
________________________________________________________
5. What is the passage mainly about
It is about _______________________________and _______________________.
19 / 19Unit6 讲义-教师版
课文解析&基础梳理&U6 强化
【词转】
1. weigh v.称重量；权衡→weight n.重量；分盘
2. invent v.发明→inventor n.发明家→invention n.发明物
3. discover v.发现→discovery n.发现→discoverer n.发现者
4. create v.创造；创作→creative adj.有创造力的；创造（性）的
5. die v.死亡→dead adj.死的；失去生命的→dying adj.垂死的→death n.死亡
6. successful adj.成功的；圆满的；非常赚钱的→success n.成功→succeed v.成功
7. changer n.改变者→change v.改变→changeable adj.易变的
8. beg v.乞讨；恳求；回避正题→beggar n.乞丐
9. real adj.真正的→really adv.真正地→realise v.意识到；实现
10. scientist n.科学家→science n.科学→scientific adj.科学的
11. lose v.遗失；丢失→lost adj.迷路的；丢失的
12. power n.电；电力供应；力量→powerful adj.强大的→powerless s adj.无权的→powerfully adv.强大地
13. pain n.疼痛；努力→painful adj.痛苦的→painfully adv.痛苦地
14. poem n.诗→poetic adj.诗歌的→poetry n.诗集→poet n.诗人
15. publish v.出版；发行→publisher n.出版商→publishment n.出版→publishing house（＝press）出版社
16. inexpensive adj.廉价的；不昂贵的→expensive adj.昂贵的；价格高的
17. saver n.救助者；救星→save v.救；救助；挽救
18. sick adj.生病的；有病的→sickness n.疾病；不健康
19. admire v.钦佩；赞赏；仰慕→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
【本课音标】
辅音字母组合 tr 与 dr 的发音
1．辅音字母组合 tr 通常发/tr/音，如 tree[tri ]，street[stri t]，try[tra ]等。
2．辅音字母组合 dr 通常发/dr/音，如 draw[dr ]，dry[dra ]，dream[dri m]等。
【U6 Famous people in history 课文解析】
A.
Five great scientists who changed the world
Isaac Newton published the theory [ θ ri]of gravity(重力) in 1687
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[ aiz k nju t n]
(艾萨克·牛顿)
Thomas Edison
[ t m s edisn] invented a safe and inexpensive (expensive) light bulb in 1879
(托马斯·爱迪生)
Marie Curie
[m ri kj ri] discovered radium(镭) with her husband in 1898
(玛丽居里)
Albert Einstein
[ lb t 'a n sta n] published a paper on the theory of general relativity(相对论) in 1916
(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)
Yuan Longping
grew the world's first (one) hybrid(杂交水稻) rice plants in 1973 (袁隆平)
B.
Wang Yiming and his classmates are looking at the project display on life savers in history.
Li Shizhen
(李时珍) wrote a famous book on Traditional Chinese Medicine[ medsn].
1518-1593，China
Florence Nightingale
[ fl r ns na t ɡe l]
started the first school for nurses in the UK and spent her life taking care of sick people. (弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔)
1820-1910，UK
Alexander Fleming
[ l ɡ zɑ nd fl m ]
discovered penicillin[ pen s l n], a new kind of medicine, and won (win) the Nobel Prize. (亚历山大·弗莱明)
1881-1955，UK
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Henry Norman Bethune
[ henri n rm n b θjun] saved many Chinese soldiers (soldier) during World WarⅡand lost (lose) his life at the war
(亨利·诺尔曼·白求恩) hospital
1890-1939，Canada
Harry: Lu Yao, is this your project
Lu Yao: Yes. It's about Li Shizhen. He wrote Bencao Gangmu.《本草纲目》
Harry: Is it a very famous book on Traditional Chinese Medicine
Lu Yao: Yes. There are 1,892 different herbs (herb) in it.
Harry: How many I didn't quite (quite/quiet) catch that.
Lu Yao: 1,892.
Harry: Wow!
Lu Yao: What about your (you) project
Harry: Our project is about Hua Tuo. He invented(invent) mafeisan.
Lu Yao: Pardon[ pɑ dn] What did he invent
Harry: Mafeisan, a kind of medicine. It was made from herbs. People wouldn't feel pain after taking it.
Lu Yao: That's amazing.
C.
William Shakespeare
([ w lj m e ksp r] 威廉·莎士比亚)
William Shakespeare was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon(埃文河畔斯特拉特), England. Young Shakespeare
loved reading plays, poems (poem) and stories, and often watched plays in his hometown.
In 1582, he had a family. He went to London to try his luck (lucky) in the late 1580s. There were many theatres. He
took care of horses and acted (act) in plays. Then he tried writing plays. From 1589 to 1600, Shakespeare wrote about 20
plays such as Romeo and Juliet. After seeing how poor people lived, he wrote tragedies [ tr d diz] like Hamlet. People
loved his plays because he created many unique characters and brought them to life on the stage.
In the early 1610s, he went back to his hometown and kept writing(write). He died in 1616.
Shakespeare wrote 37 plays and over 150 poems in all. Today there are still millions of Shakespeare fans in the world.
His works make us laugh(laugh), cry and think.
D.
Short stories of famous people
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Thomas Gainsborough(托马斯·庚斯博罗) was a famous British (Britain) painter. Once little Thomas saw a man try
to break (break) into a house. He went back home and drew a picture of him. Tom's father saw the picture and handed it to
the police. The thief was soon caught(catch). That was how Thomas found (find) his talent in painting.
Richard Feynman(理查德·费曼) was a great scientist(science). He liked playing with physics. Do you know his
Nobel Prize idea came from a plate One day, Feynman saw someone throwing a plate in the air. There was a red
university seal(印章) on the plate. As the plate went up, it wobbled(摇晃) and the seal went around too.
Feynman noticed that the seal moved at a different speed from the plate. He watched for a long time and found out the
moving rule. Later, his discovery(discover) won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965, which he shared with two other
(other/another/the other) scientists.
E.
It's a story about a clever boy named Cao Chong. One day, his
father Cao Cao said, "Look! There's an elephant. How heavy is it " No
one knew. But the eight-year-old (8 岁的) Cao Chong had an idea. He
asked someone to take (take) the elephant on a boat, mark the level
[ levl] of the water on its side and then take it off. He asked some
people to put rocks on the boat until the water reached the mark.
Finally, they weighed the rocks and got the elephant's weight(weigh).
【U6 单词】
序号 单词 音标 词性 中文含义
1. Changer [ t e nd ] n. 改变者；改进者
2. Scientist [ sa nt st] n. 科学家
3. change [t e nd ] v.＆n. 改变；变化
4. publish [ p bl ] v. 出版；发行
5. theory [ θ ri] n. 学说；理论
6. invent [ n vent] v. 发明；创造
7. inexpensive [ n k spens v] adj. 廉价的；不昂贵的
8. bulb [b lb] n. 电灯泡
9. discover [d sk v (r)] v. 发现
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10. general [ d enr l] adj. 全体的；普遍的；总的
11. video [ v di ] n. 录像；录影
12. smart [smɑ t] adj. 聪明的；机敏的
13. inventor [ n vent (r)] n. 发明者；发明家
14. real [ ri l] adj. 真正的
15. power [ pa (r)] n. 电；电力供应
16. power station 发电站；发电厂
17. die [da ] v. 死亡
18. successful [s k sesfl] adj. 达到目的的；有成效的；获得成功的
19. invention [ n ven n] n. 发明；创造
20. saver [ se v (r)] n. 救助者；救星
21. medicine [ medsn] n. 药
22. spend [spend] v. 花（时间）；度过
23. sick [s k] adj. 生病的；有病的
24. penicillin [ pen s l n] n. 青霉素；盘尼西林
25. soldier [ s ld (r)] n. 军人；士兵
26. lose [lu z] v. 遗失；丢失
27. admire [ d ma (r)] v. 钦佩；赞赏；仰慕
28. herb [h b] n. 药草；香草
29. pardon [ pɑ dn] excl. 请再说一遍
30. pain [pe n] n. 疼痛
31. beg [beɡ] v. 乞讨；乞求
32. beg your pardon 请原谅；请再说一遍
33. storyteller [ st ritel (r)] n. 讲故事的人
34. poem [ p m] n. 诗
35. act [ kt] v. 表演 n．行为
36. poor [p (r)] adj. 贫穷的
37. tragedy [ tr d di] n. 悲惨的事；不幸；灾难
38. create [kri e t] v. 创造；创作
39. character [ k r kt (r)] n. 角色
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40. stage [ste d ] n. 舞台
41. million [ m lj n] num. 一百万
42. mark [mɑ k] v. 做记号；做标记 n．标记；记号
43. level [ levl] n. 水平；标准
44. until(=till) [ n t l] conj. 直到······为止
45. weigh [we ] v. 称重量；权衡
46. weight [we t] n. 重 量；分量
47. stamp [st mp] n. 邮票
【词组】
1．发表引力理论 publish the theory of gravity
2．闯人房屋 break into a house
3．创办第一所护士学校 start the first school for nurses
4．失去生命 lose one’s life
5．发明一种既安全又便宜的灯泡 invent a safe and inexpensive light bulb
6．种植世界上第一批杂交水稻 grow the world's first hybrid rice plants
7．开第一个电站赚钱 open the first power station to make money
8．成功地完成了他的第一个发明 make his first successful invention
9．一本关于中医的名著 a famous book on Traditional Chinese Medicine
10．因它的当地小吃而闻名 is famous for its local snacks
11．照顾病人 take care of sick people
12．尝试写剧本 try writing plays
13．最伟大的发明之一 one of the greatest inventions
14．种植杂交水稻 grow hybrid rice
15．发表一篇关于广义相对论的论文 publish a paper on the theory of general relativity
16．创造许多独特的角色 create many unique characters
17．数以百万计的书 millions of books
18．获得诺贝尔奖 win the Nobel Prize
19．历史上的名人 famous people in history
20．直到最后 until the end
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21．发表万有引力理论 publish the theory of gravity
22．到达标记 reach the mark
23．经历和成就 experiences and achievements
24．另外两个科学家 two other scientists
25．在 17 世纪 10 年代初 in the early 1610s
26．把石头放在船上 put rocks on the boat
27．一个聪明的发明家 a smart inventor
28．在舞台上 on the stage
29．分享关于莎士比亚的简短传记 share a short biography about Shakespeare
30．带来很多新想法和思想 bring a lot of new ideas and thoughts
31．一次到多伦路的出游 an outing to Duolun Road
32．帮助治疗癌症 help treat cancer
33．获得诺贝尔化学奖 win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry
34．发明一个不贵的灯泡 invent an inexpensive light bulb
35．为邮票俱乐部设计邮票 design stamps for the stamp club
36．一间中式茶馆 a Chinese-style tea house
37．让角色栩栩如生 bring characters to life
38．以减肥 to lose weight
39．照顾这些孩子 take care of／look after the children
40．关于…的讲座 a lecture on．．．
41．花费一个月帮助 spend a month helping
42．变我的想法 changed my mind
43．在历史上 in history
44．伟大的科学家 great scientists
45．发明电灯泡 invent the light bulb
46．改变世界的人 world changer
47．在二战期间 during World War II
48．发现青霉 discover penicillin
49．照顾病人 take care of sick people
50．写剧本 write plays
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51．救一名士兵 save a soldier
52．丧生 lose one’s life
53．在 16 世纪 80 年代末 in the late 1580s
54．碰碰运气 try one’s luck
55．标记水位 mark the level of the water
56．使…生动起来 bring…to life
【句子】
1．牛顿于 1687 年发表了万有引力理论。（publish）
Newton published the theory of gravity in 1687.
2．爱迪生在纽约成功地完成了他的第一项发明。（invention）
Edison made his first successful invention in New York.
3．南丁格尔一生都在照顾病人。（spend）
Nightingale spent her life taking care of/looking after the sick people.
4．人们喜欢他的戏剧，因为他创造了许多独特的人物，并把他们带到舞台上。（create）
People loved his plays, because he created many unique characters and brought them to life on the stage.
5．他让一些人把石头放在船上，直到水达到标记处。（until）
He asked some people to put rocks on the boat until the water reached the mark.
6．他决定要成为一名发明家。（inventor）
He decided to become an inventor.
7．我认为他将会成功。（successful）
I think he is going to be successful.
8．我看电视花的时间太多。（spend）
I spend too much time watching television/TV.
9．我会在外面等到会议结束。（until）
I'll wait outside until the meeting's over.
10．我们必须立即采取行动。（take action）
We must take action at once.
11．在平底锅里将西红柿和油加热。（heat）
Heat the tomatoes and oil in a pan.
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12．两国之间的贸易在去年增长了。（increase）
Trade between the two countries increased last year.
13．他去年写过几本关于印度的书。（several）
He wrote several books about India last year.
14．王一鸣正在看关于改变世界的名人的网页。
Wang Yiming is looking at a web page about famous world changers.
15．爱迪生开设了第一家发电站来赚钱。
Edison opened the first power station to make money.
16．白求恩在二战中救了很多中国士兵。
Bethune saved many Chinese soldiers during World War II
17．在《本草纲目》中有 1892 种不同的药草。
There are 1892 different herbs in Bencao Gangmu.
18．莎士比亚在 16 世纪 80 年代末去伦敦碰碰运气。
Shakespeare went to London to try his luck in the late 1580s.
19．莎士比亚创作了许多角色，并使他们栩栩如生。
Shakespeare created many characters and brought them to life.
20．他的作品让我们笑，让我们哭，让我们思考。
His works make us laugh, cry and think.
21．这头大象有多重？
How heavy is this elephant
22．他命人在船的一边标记水位。
He asked someone to mark the level of the water on its side
23．他们称了石头的重量，得到了大象的重量。
They weighed the rocks and got the elephant's weight.
24．爱迪生是世界上最有名的发明家之一。（inventor）
Edison is one of the most famous inventors in the world.
25．妈妈花费了一小时做了一个蛋糕。（spend）
Mum spent one hour making a cake.
26．花店里有成百上千朵花。（hundreds of）
There are hundreds of flowers in the flower shop.
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27．Alice 有一个良好的饮食习惯并且她成功地减了肥。（lose weight）
Alice has a good eating habit and she loses weight successfully.
28．我认为这将会成功。（successful）
I think it will be successful.
29．莎士比亚于 1564 年 4 月 26 日出生在英国中部的斯特拉特福。
Shakespeare was born on April 26th,1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon.
30．多少？我刚没听清楚。
How many I didn't quite catch that.
31．在见到穷人的生活后，他写下了像《哈姆雷特》这样的悲剧。
After seeing how poor people lived, he wrote tragedies like Hamlet.
32．他要求其他人往船上放石头，直到水面达到某个标记。
He asked other people to put rocks on the boat until the water reached the mark.
33．她是第一个获得诺贝尔化学奖的女性。
She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
基础梳理
1. hold [h ld] v.举办；举行；握住；抓住；容纳；装下；保持某种状态；持续；继续
They will hold the meeting in the community centre.他们将会在社区活动中心举办此次会议。
Hold my hand when we cross the street.过马路时握住我的手。
This box can hold all your toys.这个盒子可以装下你所有的玩具。
Hold the door open for your friend.为你的朋友把门开着。
2. discover [d sk v (r)]v.发现
He discovered a new town on the way to his village.他在回村的路上发现了一个新的城镇。
【tips】discover，find，find out 与 look for 辨析
①discover 强调偶然或通过研究、探索找到以前未知或未觉察的事物，通常为首次或初次发现。
Columbus discovered America in 1492．哥伦布在 1492 年发现了美洲。
②find 强调找到某物或某人，通常是有意识地搜索后的结果。
I can’t find my keys anywhere.我到处找不到我的钥匙。
③find out 强调通过询问、研究或被告知，了解信息或事实。
I need to find out when the next bus leaves.我需要找出下一班公共汽车何时离开。
④look for 表示寻找的行为或过程，强调动作本身，不强调结果。
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I am looking for a new job.我正在寻找一份新工作。
3. real [ ri l]adj.真正的
really adv.真正地；确实；的确
Bono’s real name is Paul Hewson.波诺的真实姓名是保罗·休森。
The special effect looks very real.这个特效看着像真的一样。
【tips】real 与 true 辨析
①real 强调实际存在和真实性
real 通常用来描述某物或某人是实际存在的，而不是想象的、虚构的或模拟的。
This is a real diamond， not a fake one，这是真正的钻石，不是人造的。
②true 强调与事实相符和忠实
true 用来描述与事实相符的，或者忠实于事实的，也可以表示某事物的本质或性格。
It’s true that she＇s leaving the company.她要离开公司，这是真的。
4. over [ v (r)] prep. 多于（某时间、数量、花费等）
over =more than 多于
She stayed in the UK for over a month.她在英国逗留了一个多月。
Edison made the light blub work for over 13 hours．爱迪生让这个电灯泡工作了超过 13 个小时。
5. successful [s k sesfl]adj.达到目的的；有成效的；获得成功的
success n.成功
succeed v.达到目的；实现目标；办到；成功
成功做了某事
succeed in doing sth
=(be) successful in/at doing sth
=do sth successfully
=manage to do
=be able to do
His latest film was not very successful at the box office.他最新的电影在票房上并不是很成功。
The plan was successful in/at reducing traffic congestion during the peak hours.
该计划在高峰时段成功地减少了交通拥堵。
6. spend [spend]v.花(时间/金钱)；度过
spend-spent-spent
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在…上花(时间/金钱)
spend sth on
=spend sth+(in)+doing
We spent the weekend in Paris.我们在巴黎度过了周末。
How long did you spend on your homework？你做家庭作业用了多长时间？
I spent too much time in watching television yesterday.我昨天看电视花的时间太多了。
I’ve spent all my money already.我已经把我的钱全都花完了。
She spent 100 on a new dress.她花 100 英镑买了一条新连衣裙。
7. sick [s k]adj.生病的；有病的
sickness n.疾病；不健康
The sick mother keeps working for the family.生病的母亲继续为家里工作。
Her mother is very sick.她母亲病得很厉害。
【tips】sick 与 ill 辨析
sick 和 ill 都是形容词，都有“身体不好”的意思。
在 be，become，feel，look 或 seem 等动词后都可以使用 sick 和 ill。
sick 可以用于名词前，但 ill 不可以。
I was ill/sick for a time last year，but I’m fine now.我去年病了一段时间，但现在好了。
She’s looking after a sick child.她在照顾一个生病的孩子。（这里不能使用 an ill child）
8. pardon [ pɑ dn]excl.(感叹词) 请再说一遍
-You’re very quiet today.你今天话很少啊。
-Pardon？什么？
-I said you’re very quiet today.我说你今天话很少。
【tips】还常用 pardon 或 pardon me 表示“抱歉；对不起”的意思，与 sorry 意思相近，但多用于不小心发出了粗鲁
的声音、说错了话或做错了某事时。如：
Pardon (me)，I didn’t mean to interrupt.对不起，我不是故意要打断的。
9. million [ m lj n]num.一百万
millions of 数以百万计的；很多
The vase must be worth ten million dollars.这个花瓶一定值一千万美元。
The town has a population of half a million.这个镇子有五十万人口。
【tips】
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a，one，two，several+ million 时，million 后面不加 s。
若前面没有数目或数量，可用 millions(of...)。
million 和 millions 均用复数动词(指明金额的除外)。
Four million people were affected by the typhoon.四百万人受到了台风的影响。
Millions of people were affected by the typhoon.数百万人受到了台风的影响。
Two million pounds was sent to the country.两百万英镑被送往这个国家。
Millions of cells make up the human body.数以百万计的细胞构成了人体。
10. until [ n t l]conj.(=till)直到…为止
He kept playing on his computer until his mum came home.他一直在电脑上玩，直到他妈妈回家。
He didn’t start to do his homework until his mum came home.直到他妈妈回家，他才开始做作业。
11. try one’s luck 碰运气；希望能够成功
He decided to try his luck in the big city, leaving his small-town life behind.
他决定去大城市碰碰运气，离开了他的小镇生活。
12. try doing sth 尝试做某事
John isn’t here. Try phoning his home number.约翰不在这儿。给他家里打电话试试。
13. In general 一般来说
In general，people prefer to live in peaceful neighbourhoods.一般来说，人们更喜欢住在和平的社区。
14. in all 总共；总计
In all，we spent about four hours cleaning the house.我们一共花了大约四个小时打扫房子。
15. in the late 1580s 在 16 世纪 80 年代末
in the 1580s 意为“在 16 世纪 80 年代”，读作 in the fifteen eighties。
在表示年代的数字前加上 early，mid，late 可以分别表示“年代初”“年代中”和“年代末”之意。
16. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事；让某人做某事
Eric asked me to help him.埃里克请求我帮助他。
17. bring...to life 使…栩栩如生；使…恢复生机
The animator's skill brought the cartoon characters to life, making them seem almost real.
动画师的技巧让卡通人物栩栩如生，看起来几乎像真的一样。
18. take...off 把…带走；撤掉；脱下；脱掉
Take your dog off the grass.把你的狗从草坪上带走。
19. be made from 由…制成
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be made from 前者通常用来描述某物由某原材料制成，而该原材料在最终产品中可能无法直接识别；
be made of 用来描述某物由某原材料制成，该材料在最终产品中通常可以被直接看到或识别。
The paper is made from wood.纸是由木头制成的。
(纸张的原材料是木头，但已经无法看出木头的存在)
The table is made of glass.这张桌子是由玻璃制成的。
(桌子的原材料是玻璃，最终产品中依然可以看得出这一原材料)
20. be famous for 以…闻名；因…而出名
be famous for 以…闻名；因…而出名，接出名的原因。
be famous as 作为…而出名，接相关的身份。
He became internationally famous for his novels.他以小说享誉国际。
She was more famous as a writer than as a singer.她作为作家比作为歌手名声要大。
21. One day, his father Cao Cao said, “Look! There's an elephant. How heavy is it？”
一天，他的父亲曹操说：“看！这儿有头大象。它多重？”
how heavy 问多重(用于对体重、重量等提问)
How heavy were you when you were born？你出生的时候多重？
How heavy is it？=How much does it weigh？=What is the weight of it 它多重？
22. But the eight-year-old Cao Chong had an idea．但是八岁的曹冲有了一个主意。
eight-year-old 是定语复合形容词，由“数词-单位-形容词”构成，“单位”部分只能使用单数。
The thirteen-year-old boy invented a self-control switch．
这个 13 岁的男孩发明了一款自动控制的开关。
The boy invented a self-control switch when he was thirteen years old.
这个男孩 13 岁的时候发明了一款自动控制的开关。
thirteen years old 是表语复合形容词，由“数词＋单位的复数形式＋形容词”构成。
【U6 强化】
I. Choose the right words to complete the sentences（选择正确的单词，完成句子）
1. Marie Curie_______________ (invented, discovered) radium with her husband in 1898.
2. There is a lecture_______________ (of, on) Yuan Longping in the hall on Monday.
3. Shanghai is famous_______________ (for, as) its bustling shopping districts, such as Nanjing Road and Huaihai Road.
4．Mafeisan (麻沸散)，a kind of medicine，was made_______________ (from，of) herbs．
5. The talented man________ (took, brought) the cartoon character to life with his vivid drawings and creative storytelling.
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6. To learn without thinking is to risk being blind,_______________ (when, while) to think without learning is to risk
being impractical.
1.discovered 2.on 3.for 4.from 5.brought 6.while
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
1. Albert Einstein was a_______________ (science) who published a paper on the theory of general relativity in 1916.
2. The poor people are so happy that the water system can provide_______________ (expensive) water for everyone.
3. She is working at a new_______________ (invent).
4. _______________ (tradition) Chinese medicine is popular in China and many other countries.
5.The_______________ (discover) of liquid water on Mars is exciting to us.
6. Steve Jobs was a_______________ (success) businessman and brought great changes to our phones.
1.scientist 2.inexpensive 3.invention 4.Traditional 5.discovery 6.successful
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用所给单词的适当形式填空）
1.There_______________ (be) a pencil, two rulers and three books on the teacher's desk.
2.Yuan Longping_______________ (discover) a new way to get rice plants to grow lots of rice.
3. Yiming is looking forward to_______________ (hear) from Lisa soon.
4. Pablo Picasso left his hometown for Paris at the age of 19 and_______________ (try)his luck there.
5. She spent the whole holiday_______________ (relax) on the beach.
6.Lisa_______________ (design) a stamp of world changes now.
1.is 2.discovered 3.hearing 4.tried 5.relaxing 6.is designing
IV. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）
( )1. All of us should be_______________ animals and other people.
A. unkind of B. kind for C. kind to D. unkind to
( )2. Magnolia（白玉兰）_______________ the flower of Shanghai city.
A. is famous for B. is familiar to C. is famous as D. is similar
( )3. The monkey saw_______________ in the mirror and felt very surprised.
A.it B. its C. it's D. itself
( )4.-My watch keeps good time. What about_______________. -Mine Oh, two minutes slow.
A. you B. her C. hers D. yours
( )5. The doctor advises me to try_______________ yoga. It may make me sleep well.
A. do B. to do C. a D./
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( )6. The company has more than_______________ users who rely on its services daily.
A. three thousands B. thousand of C. thousands of D. two thousand
( )7. -There_______________ a lot of meat on the plate. Would you lie some
-Just a little, please.
A. is B. are C. am D.be
( )8. Which of the following is NOT correct for Shakespeare
A. Shakespeare was born in Stratford-upon-Avon, England, in 1564.
B. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear and Romeo and Juliet are called the Four Tragedies.
C. Shakespeare left his hometown for London at about 20 and tried his luck there.
D. Shakespeare wrote over 39 plays during his career, including comedies, tragedies and histories.
( )9. _______________ great fun Mr. Thomas gave us!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
( )10. _______________ is NOT among the Four Great Inventions of ancient China.
A. Papermaking B. Printing C. Compass D. Radium
( )11. _______________ many people riding bicycles and flying kites in Century Park.
A. There have B. There are C. There is D. There has
( )12.-How does the steak taste -Quite_______________ I like it very much.
A. well B. good C. bad D. terrible
( )13. It sounds great! I'm_______________ it.
A. waiting to B. looking after
C. hope for D. looking forward to
( )14. -May I use your dictionary -Yes, _______________.
A. you must B. of course C. you may not D. never use it
( )15. I will be free on Sunday morning because I've got_______________ to do.
A. everything B. nothing C. something D. anything
1.C2.C3.D4.D5.D 6.D7.A8.B9.A10.D 11.B12.B13.D14.B15.B
VIII. Rewrite the sentences as required（根据所给要求，改写下列句子）
1．We had a great time in a Chinese-style tea house．（保持句意基本不变）
We_________ _________ in a Chinese-style tea house.
2．Adult African elephants weigh between 5,000 to 14,000 pounds．（对画线部分提问）
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_________ _________ are adult African elephants
3．Yuan grew the world’s first hybrid rice plants in 1973．（对画线部分提问）
_________ _________ Yuan grow the world's first hybrid rice plants
4．She spent her life taking care of sick people．（保持句意基本不变）
She spent her life_________ _________ sick people.
5．someone， asked， to，put，he，boat，rocks，the，on（连词成句）
_______________________________________________________________
1.enjoyed ourselves/had fun 2.How heavy 3.When did 4.looking after/caring for
5.He asked someone to put rocks on the boat.
Reading
I. Read the passage and label the timeline with the events in the box（阅读短文，将方框中的事件填写在时间轴上）
The Duke of Zhou was a politician who lived during the Western Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC-771 BC). His actual name
was Ji Dan. He was the younger brother of King Wuwang of Zhou.
The duke helped his brother beat the Kingdom of Shang and establish the dynasty. He himself was a regional ruler or
Zhuhou. However, after several years, King Wuwang fell sick and wanted the duke to become the king, but the duke
refused. King Wuwang's oldest son then came to power-he was known as King Chengwang.
The duke acted as a responsible regent（摄政王）to help his nephew. He put down a rebellion（暴乱）.He came up
with the idea of ruling through rituals(礼仪). When his nephew came of age，the duke handed over power.
Several centuries had passed before Confucius saw the Duke of Zhou as a great politician again. He studied the
knowledge passed down from the Zhou Dynasty from a young age. He even dreamed about the duke quite often. While
serving the State of Lu, Confucius suggested that its ruler run the state with rituals but the ruler didn't listen to him. This is
why he travelled to other states to promote the idea.
After many years, his idea still didn't have much support. Already an old man, he said that he was too old to dream
about the Duke of Zhou. Later, people started using “dreaming about the Duke of Zhou" to refer to remembering scholars
of the past. Today, it simply refers to going to sleep.
A. Ji Dan put down a rebellion.
B. Confucius suggested the ruler of the State of Lu run the state with rituals.
C. King Wuwang of Zhou established the Western Zhou Dynasty.
D. The Kingdom of Shang was established.
E. The duke came up with the idea of ruling through rituals.
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F. Confucius travelled to other states to promote the idea of ruling through rituals.
I. (从左到右)DCA EBF
II. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（选择最恰当的选项完成短文）
From broken board to skateboarding legend
Eric Koston is one of the world's best-known skateboarders. He was born in Thailand, but his family ____1____ to
the US when he was a baby. His love of skateboarding began ____2____ the age of eleven, when his older brother gave
him a skateboard. It was an old, broken board, but he learned how to skateboard by watching other kids and then he
____3____ by himself every day.
Three years later, he was so good that a company that made skateboards offered him a summer ____4____. That's
when he ____5____ to make skateboarding his life. Since then, Eric has ____6____ many international competitions,
made boarding videos and starred in a skateboarding video game. Now he owns a successful company making sports shoes
and clothes.
( )1. A. changed B. moved C. left D. returned
( )2. A. in B. on C. at D.by
( )3. A. practised B. taught C. followed D. built
( )4. A. career B. job C. work D. camp
( )5. A. thought B. felt C. decided D. expected
( )6. A. won
1.B 2.
IV. Answer the qu
Long ago in ancient Greece, written stories did not exist. Instead, people entertained themselves by telling stories.
These stories could have been about their lives, nature, and animals. Other friends would retell these stories. Some stories
became so popular that they spread far and wide.
Aesop was a famous storyteller in ancient Greece. We know his stories have survived for almost three thousand years.
However, we don't know much about Aesop himself. Some believe he was a slave. However, because of his talent for
storytelling, his master freed him. Others think the rulers of the time admired Aesop's wisdom and made him an adviser.
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Whoever Aesop was, he is known because of his stories called “fables”. Fables are short stories that end with a moral. The
characters are often animals that speak and solve problems like humans.
You may know some of Aesop's fables, such as "The Tortoise and the Hare" This story is about a hare that was too
confident. In the end, he lost a race to a slow tortoise. The moral of the story is, "Slow and steady wins the race.”
Experts have studied Aesop's stories. Some think that he might not have created all of them. He may have taken some
stories from others and improved them. This could be why they became known as “Aesop's fables"
Aesop's fables are found in almost all languages in the world. We still learn lessons from them. They encourage us to
be kind and honest even when life is hard.
1.Who was Aesop
________________________________________________________
2.What are fables
________________________________________________________
3. How did popular stories spread long ago in ancient Greece
________________________________________________________
4. What does the underlined word “them” in the fifth paragraph refer to
________________________________________________________
5. What is the passage mainly about
It is about _______________________________and _______________________.
IV.1.Aesop was a famous storyteller in ancient Greece. 2.Fables are short stories that end with a moral.
3.People entertained themselves by telling stories and others would retell these stories. 4.It refers to the stories Aesop
took from others. 5.It is about a storyteller/Aesop and his popular fables.
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