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题型过关第5讲 选词填空
初一英语选词填空高效解题技巧：从词汇辨析到逻辑突破
一、核心解题步骤：三步定位法
1. 预览选项，分类词性（基础前提）
操作方法：
用符号标注选项词性：n.（名词）、v.（动词）、adj.（形容词）、adv.（副词）、prep.（介词）等；
例：选项 “happy” 标 “adj.”，“run” 标 “v.”，“book” 标 “n.”。
关键作用：缩小填空范围（如空处需谓语动词，仅看 v. 选项）。
2. 精读空格前后，判断语法需求（核心逻辑）
判断维度：
空前后词性：
名词前：可能缺 adj.（如 “___ book” 填 adj.“new”）或限定词（a/an/the）；
动词后：可能缺 adv.（如 “run ___” 填 adv.“fast”）或 n.（如 “read a ___” 填 n.“book”）；
句子成分：
缺主语 / 宾语：选 n. 或代词（如 “___ is my friend” 填 n.“Lucy”）；
缺谓语：选 v.（注意时态 / 单三，如 “he ___ (play)” 填 “plays”）；
固定搭配：
介词后接 v.-ing（如 “thank you for ___” 填 “helping”）；
情态动词后接动词原形（如 “can ___” 填 “run”）。
3. 代入选项，结合上下文验证（避坑关键）
验证要点：
语义连贯：如空前后讲 “天气”，选项 “rainy” 比 “happy” 更合理；
逻辑一致：转折词（but/however）前后语义相反，因果词（so/because）前后逻辑顺承；
例：“I wanted to go out, ___ it rained.” 填转折连词 “but”。
二、常考题型分类及针对性策略
1. 词汇辨析题（近义词 / 同根词）
解题技巧：
词义差异：
“look/see/watch”：look 表 “看” 的动作，see 表 “看见” 的结果，watch 表 “观看”（如 watch TV）；
“family/home/house”：family 指 “家庭 / 家人”，home 指 “家的概念”，house 指 “房子”；
词根词缀：
同根词词性区分：care（v. 关心）→careful（adj. 仔细的）→carefully（adv. 仔细地）；
例：“Be ___ when you cross the road.” 空处需 adj.，填 “careful”。
2. 固定搭配题（高频考点）
分类记忆：
动词短语：
look for（寻找）、listen to（听）、wait for（等待）；
例：“He is ___ his keys.” 填 “looking for”；
介词短语：
in the morning（在早上）、on weekends（在周末）、at night（在晚上）；
句型搭配：
It’s + adj. + to do sth.（如 “It’s easy to learn English”）；
spend + 时间 + doing sth.（如 “spend two hours reading”）。
3. 语法逻辑题（时态 / 语态 / 词性转换）
解题要点：
时态判断：
时间状语提示：yesterday（过去时）、now（现在进行时）、tomorrow（将来时）；
例：“She ___ (write) a letter yesterday.” 填过去式 “wrote”；
语态判断：
被动语态结构：be + 过去分词（如 “The book ___ (write) by him.” 填 “was written”）；
词性转换：
形容词变副词：quick→quickly（修饰动词 “run quickly”）；
名词变形容词：rain→rainy（“a rainy day”）。
4. 上下文推理题（初一难点）
推理方法：
原词复现：空处答案可能在上下文中重复出现（如前文提 “apple”，后文空处填 “apple”）；
逻辑推导：
并列关系：and 前后词性 / 语义一致（如 “happy and ___” 填 adj.“sad” 表对比或 “glad” 表并列）；
因果关系：“Because he studied hard, ___ he got good grades.” 填 “so”；
例：“I didn’t eat breakfast, so I feel ___ now.” 没吃早餐→感觉 “hungry”（饥饿的）。
三、避坑指南：初一学生常见错误
词性误判：
误：选项 “friendly”（adj. 友好的）误判为 n.，填入 “a ___” 中（正确：a friendly person）；
正：通过后缀判断词性（-ly 结尾多为 adv.，但 friendly/likely 为 adj.）。
时态忽略：
误：“He often ___ (play) football.” 填 “play”（未注意单三）；
正：一般现在时，主语 he 后填 “plays”。
固定搭配混淆：
误：“listen ___ me” 填 “at”（正确搭配 “listen to”）；
正：整理易混搭配表（如 look for/look after/look at）。
过度推断：
误：原文未提 “颜色”，空处选 “red”（无依据）；
正：答案必须来自上下文线索，不主观添加信息。
四、实战演练：小片段解析
题目选项：happy, plays, in, books, carefully
原文片段：
Tom is a student. He studies ____ at school. Every day, he reads ____ after lunch. ____ the afternoon, he ____ basketball with friends. He is always ____.
解题步骤：
选项分类：
happy（adj.）、plays（v. 单三）、in（prep.）、books（n. 复数）、carefully（adv.）；
分析空格：
“studies ____”：动词后需 adv.，填 “carefully”；
“reads ____”：动词后需 n.，填 “books”；
“____ the afternoon”：固定搭配 “in the afternoon”，填 “in”；
“he ____ basketball”：主语 he 后缺 v. 单三，填 “plays”；
“is always ____”：be 动词后接 adj.，填 “happy”；
验证：语义通顺，语法正确。
五、提分口诀与练习建议
口诀速记：
“先分词性再看空，前后语法要贯通；
固定搭配记心中，上下文里找线索；
时态语态别忘记，代入验证防错漏。”
高效练习法：
制作 “词性分类表”：按 n./v./adj./adv. 整理高频词汇；
专项突破固定搭配：每天记 5 个短语（如 turn on, take off）；
错题复盘：标注错误原因（如 “时态错”“搭配错”），针对性强化。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
people use China be talk if quiet with rule clean
Luoyang History Museum is on Nietai Road, Luoyang City, Henan Province. Luoyang Museum is one of the national first-class museums 1 a history of over 68 years. You can learn the 2 history here. If you want to have a good time in Luoyang History Museum, please follow the 3 .
You may like the beautiful pictures in the museum. But 4 you want to take photos, you can’t 5 flash (闪光灯). It is not good for the pictures. The museum is clean and 6 . You must like it. To keep the museum clean, you can’t bring any food or drinks here. If you want to enjoy the trip 7 , you must keep the rule. Can you see the picture of “No 8 ” in the museum Other 9 may feel unhappy when you talk loudly. These 10 the rules of the Luoyang Museum. Hope you can have a great time here.
【答案】
1．with 2．Chinese 3．rules 4．if 5．use 6．quiet 7．cleanly 8．talking 9．people 10．are
【导语】本文主要介绍了洛阳历史博物馆及一些参观规则。
1．句意：洛阳博物馆是国家一级博物馆，已有68年的历史。with a history of“有着……的历史”。故填with。
2．句意：你可以在这里学习中国历史。此处作定语修饰名词history；结合备选词可知，是学习中国的历史。China“中国”，其形容词为Chinese“中国的”。故填Chinese。
3．句意：如果你想在洛阳历史博物馆玩得开心，请遵守规则。根据“you can’t … flash”“you can’t bring any food or drinks here”及备选词可知，此处介绍了一些规则。rule“规则”，此处列举了多条，用名词复数形式。故填rules。
4．句意：但如果你想拍照，你不能用闪光灯。“想拍照”是假设条件，用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。
5．句意：但如果你想拍照，你不能用闪光灯。根据“flash”及备选词可知，是不能用闪光灯。use“使用”，情态动词后用动词原形。故填use。
6．句意：博物馆干净安静。根据“clean and”及备选词可知，博物馆是干净和安静的。quiet“安静的”，形容词作表语。故填quiet。
7．句意：如果你想干净地享受这次旅行，你必须遵守规则。根据“To keep the museum clean, you can’t bring any food or drinks here.”及备选词可知，想干净地享受这次旅行，必须遵守规则。clean“干净的”，此处用其副词形式修饰动词短语enjoy the trip。故填cleanly。
8．句意：你在博物馆里看到“禁止说话”的图片了吗？根据“The museum is clean and …”及备选词可知，博物馆里有“禁止说话”的标志。talk“说话”，此处为祈使句的否定形式，No后面接动词-ing形式。故填talking。
9．句意：当你大声说话时，其他人可能会感到不高兴。根据“may feel unhappy when you talk loudly”及备选词可知，其他人可能会感到不高兴。people“人，人们”。故填people。
10．句意：这些是洛阳博物馆的规矩。句子为there be句型，遵循就近原则，时态为一般现在时，结合“the rules”可知，此处用be动词are。故填are。
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。
you take leaves visitor million from seeing capital quite famous
Dear Tina,
How are you in Kunming Today, I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Beijing. As the 11 of China, Beijing is a large city. There are over 21 12 people living here. So, the traffic is very busy. It usually 13 me about an hour to get to school by bus.
Different 14 Kunming, Beijing has four distinct (截然不同的) seasons. I like autumn best because I think it is 15 comfortable. And I can go to Xiangshan Park to see beautiful red 16 .
My hometown is 17 for its old buildings, nice food, and traditional culture (文化). Every year, 18 from all over the world spend their holidays here. And I’m glad to know that you will spend your summer holiday in Beijing.
That is all about my hometown. What about 19 Please write and tell me about it. And I’m looking forward to 20 you in Beijing.
Yours,
Lily
【答案】
11．capital 12．million 13．takes 14．from 15．quite 16．leaves 17．famous 18．visitors 19．yours 20．seeing
【导语】本文主要介绍了Lily的家乡北京，包括人口、交通、文化建筑等。
11．句意：作为中国的首都，北京是一个大城市。根据“As the…of China, Beijing is a large city.”及备选词可知，此处为固定搭配the capital of“……的首都”。故填capital。
12．句意：这里居住着2100多万人。根据“There are over 21…people living here.”及备选词可知，此处是指2100多万人，million“百万”符合语境，位于具体数字后时用单数形式。故填million。
13．句意：乘公共汽车到学校通常要花我一个小时左右。根据“It usually…me about an hour to get to school by bus.”及备选词可知，此处为固定句型It takes sb. time to do sth.“某人花时间做某事”，动词take“花费”符合语境，主语为三单形式，动词应用三单形式。故填takes。
14．句意：与昆明不同，北京四季分明。根据“Different…Kunming, Beijing has four distinct (截然不同的) seasons.”及备选词可知，此处为固定搭配different from表示“与……不同”。故填from。
15．句意：我最喜欢秋天，因为我觉得秋天很舒服。根据“I like autumn best because I think it is…comfortable.”及备选词可知，此处修饰形容词comfortable应用副词quite，表示“非常”。故填quite。
16．句意：我可以去香山公园看美丽的红叶。根据“And I can go to Xiangshan Park to see beautiful red….”及备选词可知，秋天看红叶，应用名词leaf的复数形式leaves“叶子”。故填leaves。
17．句意：我的家乡以古老的建筑、美味的食物和传统文化而闻名。根据“My hometown is…for its old buildings, nice food, and traditional culture (文化).”及备选词可知，此处为固定短语be famous for表示“因……而著名”。故填famous。
18．句意：每年都有来自世界各地的游客在这里度假。根据“Every year,…from all over the world spend their holidays here.”及备选词可知，来自全世界的游客，应用名词visitor“游客”的复数形式。故填visitors。
19．句意：你的家乡呢？根据“That is all about my hometown. What about… ”及备选词可知，此处介绍完自己的家乡，应询问对方的，应用you的名词性物主代词yours表示“你的”。故填yours。
20．句意：我期待着在北京见到你。根据“And I’m looking forward to…you in Beijing.”及备选词可知，此处是指期待见到对方，为固定搭配look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，应用动词see“看见”的动名词形式。故填seeing。
用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文 (有两词多余)
but, also, face, same, animal, chance, use, easy, find, they, appear, because
Do you know why different animals or insects have their own colours This is because they use different colours to keep themselves safe.
Some birds feed on insects, but it’s not 21 for them to catch locusts (蝗虫). Why This is because locusts change 22 colours to match the food plants. When food plants are green, locusts appear green. When the plants turn brown, locusts 23 turn brown.
Some other insects have to 24 only at night. It is because they have colours different from plants, and birds can 25 them easily and eat them.
If you study animal life, you’ll find that the most important 26 of colour is for protection. Tigers, lions and other 27 move quietly through forests. The small animals cannot find them 28 they have the colours much like those of the trees and grass.
In the sea, there’s a kind of fish with a soft body. It is not strong at all, but it can send out black liquid (液体) when it 29 danger. The liquid hides the fish from its hunters, giving it a (n) 30 to swim away swiftly (迅速地). That’s why we can still see it in the sea.
【答案】
21．easy 22．their 23．also 24．appear 25．find 26．use 27．animals 28．because 29．faces 30．chance
【导语】本文介绍了动物或昆虫为什么会有自己的颜色，它们如何利用颜色来保护自己。
21．句意：但是抓住蝗虫对它们来说并不容易。根据上文“Some birds feed on insects”及转折连词but可知，但是抓住蝗虫对它们来说并不容易，用形容词easy“容易的”，其否定形式为not easy“不容易的”。故填easy。
22．句意：这是因为蝗虫会改变它们的颜色来匹配食物植物。根据下文“When food plants are green, locusts appear green”可知，此处是指蝗虫会改变它们的颜色来匹配食物植物，用形容词性物主代词their“它们的”修饰名词colours。故填their。
23．句意：当植物变成棕色时，蝗虫也会变成棕色。根据上文“When food plants are green, locusts appear green”及下文“When the plants turn brown”可知，此处是指当植物变成棕色时，蝗虫也会变成棕色，用副词also“也”表示递进。故填also。
24．句意：其他一些昆虫只能在晚上出现。根据下文“It is because they have colours different from plants”可知，此处是指其他一些昆虫只能在晚上出现，用动词appear“出现”，此处为不定式作宾补。故填appear。
25．句意：鸟很容易就能找到它们并吃掉它们。根据上文“It is because they have colours different from plants”可知，此处是指鸟很容易就能找到它们并吃掉它们，用动词find“找到”，情态动词can后接动词原形。故填find。
26．句意：如果你研究动物的生活，你会发现颜色的最重要用途是为了保护。根据下文“of colour is for protection”可知，此处是指颜色的最重要用途是为了保护，用名词use“用途”，形容词最高级后接名词。故填use。
27．句意：老虎、狮子和其他动物在森林里悄悄地移动。根据上文“Tigers, lions”及“move quietly through forests”可知，此处是指老虎、狮子和其他动物在森林里悄悄地移动，用名词复数animals“动物”。故填animals。
28．句意：小动物找不到它们，因为它们的颜色和树木、草的颜色很像。根据“The small animals cannot find them”及“they have the colours much like those of the trees and grass”可知，前后句为因果关系，小动物找不到它们，是因为它们的颜色和树木、草的颜色很像，用连词because“因为”引导原因状语从句。故填because。
29．句意：当它面临危险时，它能发出黑色的液体。根据下文“danger”可知，此处是指当它面临危险时，面临，动词短语face danger，此处用名词复数faces表示“面临危险”的状态。故填faces。
30．句意：这种液体使鱼躲避猎食者，给它一个迅速游走的机会。根据上文“giving it a (n)…to swim away swiftly”可知，此处是指给它一个迅速游走的机会，用名词chance“机会”，不定冠词a后接名词单数。故填chance。
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上；注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
the so other sad a health at game play but look easy
Many students enjoy 31 basketball, dancing, or drawing after school. These activities are fun and help them stay 32 . When they play sports or do art, they feel happy and learn new things. They also make friends with 33 students. For example, some join a soccer team, while others learn to sing in a music club. This makes their school life colorful and full of energy.
However, some students spend too much time playing video 34 or watching TV 35 home. They sit still for hours and stare at screens. This is not good for their bodies and minds. Their eyes may 36 tired, and they might even feel 37 because they have no one to talk to. 38 teacher said, “Sitting all day makes students weak. They need to move and laugh more!”
A study from a school found that students who do after-school activities are happier. They can finish homework 39 and sleep well at night. 40 those who always use phones or computers often feel lonely. The study also said that too much screen time makes students forget to eat or study.
So, try to join clubs, play sports, or do other interesting things. Don’t let screens control your life! If you do this, you will grow up strong and happy.
【答案】
31．playing 32．healthy 33．other 34．games 35．at 36．look 37．sad 38．A 39．easily 40．But
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过对比不同学生课后的不同活动，说明参加课外活动对学生身心健康有益，而长时间看屏幕对学生身心有害，呼吁学生多参加课外活动，不要让屏幕控制生活。
31．句意：许多学生喜欢在放学后打篮球、跳舞或画画。根据空后“basketball”和备选词汇可知，此处考查play basketball“打篮球”，固定搭配；enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用动名词形式playing。故填playing。
32．句意：这些活动很有趣，有助于他们保持健康。根据常识和备选词汇可知，此处是指这些有趣的活动有助于他们保持健康；考查stay healthy“保持健康”，所以这里应用health的形容词形式healthy“健康的”，在句中作系动词“stay”的表语。故填healthy。
33．句意：他们还和其他学生交朋友。根据“make friends with … students”和备选词汇可知，此处是指和其他学生交朋友；考查other“其他的”，后接可数名词复数。故填other。
34．句意：然而，一些学生花太多时间在家玩电子游戏或看电视。根据“playing video”和备选词汇可知，此处是指玩电子游戏；考查video games“电子游戏”，名词短语，这里应用game“游戏”的复数形式games表示泛指。故填games。
35．句意：然而，一些学生花太多时间在家玩电子游戏或看电视。at home“在家”，介词短语。故填at。
36．句意：他们的眼睛可能看起来很累，而且他们甚至可能因为没人说话而感到难过。根据上文“They sit still for hours and stare at screens.”和备选词汇可知，他们一坐就是几个小时，盯着屏幕，所以此处是指他们的眼睛可能看起来很累；考查look“看起来”，系动词，后接形容词“tired”作表语，空前为情态动词“may”，这里应用动词原形。故填look。
37．句意：他们的眼睛可能看起来很累，而且他们甚至可能因为没人说话而感到难过。根据下文“because they have no one to talk to”和备选词汇可知，此处是指他们因为没人说话可能会感到难过；考查sad“伤心的，难过的”，形容词，在句中作系动词“feel”的表语。故填sad。
38．句意：一位老师说：“整天坐着会让学生身体虚弱。他们需要多运动、多欢笑！” 根据空后“teacher”可知，此处是指一位老师，应用不定冠词表示泛指；且“teacher”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用a，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填A。
39．句意：他们能轻松完成作业，晚上睡得好。根据下文“sleep well at night”可知，晚上睡得很好，说明他们能轻松地完成作业，应用easy的副词形式easily“容易地”，在句中作状语，修饰动词“finish”。故填easily。
40．句意：但那些总是使用手机或电脑的学生经常感到孤独。根据语境可知，上文说参加课外活动的学生更快乐，能轻松完成作业且睡眠好，下文则说总是使用手机或电脑的学生经常感到孤独，前后是转折关系；结合备选词汇，这里应用but“但是”连接句子，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填But。
after another before build different encourage follow football important kind they win
Sports are a big part of school life. Students have PE classes, and they also join many 41 of clubs after school. Sports help us keep fit. They help us in many 42 ways, too.
First, school sports can help us find our talents (才华). At school, we can try different sports. We may know what we’re really good at 43 trying one. Usain Bolt is a good example. He loves 44 , but becomes a very fast runner. Nobody can run faster than him. That’s because he 45 his PE teacher’s advice.
Second, when we play sports, we meet people and make new friends. In team sports, players spend a lot of time together in groups. This helps 46 have strong relationships. They learn to trust (信任) and 47 each other, both on and off the field. Team members often become friends for life.
Most importantly, sports help us 48 our character (性格). When you play a team sport, for example, you learn about team spirit. It is helpful when you get a job later in life. You can learn what to do with 49 and losing, too. Losing a match can be difficult, but it teaches you a lot. Also, we can learn the 50 of keeping trying when we face difficult problems.
So, school sports help you in many parts of your life. And who knows Maybe you’ll find yourself a new sporting superstar one day.
【答案】
41．kinds 42．different 43．after 44．football 45．follows 46．them 47．encourage 48．build 49．winning 50．importance
【导语】本文主要讲述了体育运动在学校生活中的重要性，包括帮助学生发现才能、建立友谊和塑造性格等方面。
41．句意：学生们上体育课，放学后他们还参加许多种类的俱乐部。根据“Students have PE classes, and they also join many...of clubs after school”和备选词可知，学生们应是参加了许多种类的俱乐部，many kinds of“许多种类的”。故填kinds。
42．句意：它们也在许多不同的方面帮助我们。根据“Sports help us keep fit. They help us in many...ways, too.”以及前文提到运动帮助我们保持健康，可知这里是说在其他不同的方面也有帮助。different“不同的”形容词，符合语境，修饰名词ways。故填different。
43．句意：在尝试了一项运动之后，我们可能会知道我们真正擅长什么。根据“We may know what we’re really good at...trying one.”可知 ，这里表达的是时间上的先后顺序，先尝试运动，然后才知道自己擅长什么，after“在……之后”符合语境。故填after。
44．句意：他热爱足球，但是却成为了一名速度非常快的跑步运动员。根据“He loves...but becomes a very fast runner.”以及备选词可知，这里需要填一种运动项目，football“足球”符合语境。故填football。
45．句意：那是因为他听从了他体育老师的建议。根据“That’s because he...his PE teacher’s advice.”可知，应是听从了体育老师的建议，follow one’s advice“听从某人的建议”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“he”是第三人称单数，所以动词follow要用第三人称单数形式follows。故填follows。
46．句意：这帮助他们建立了牢固的关系。根据“when we play sports, we meet people and make new friends. In team sports, players spend a lot of time together in groups. This helps...have strong relationships.”可知，这里的“this”指代前面提到的队员们在团队运动中一起度过很多时间这件事，help“帮助”是动词，后接宾格代词作宾语，they“他们”，此处应用其宾格形式them指代前面的“players”。故填them。
47．句意：他们学会在场上和场下相互信任和鼓励。根据“They learn to trust (信任) and...each other, both on and off the field.”可知，他们应是学会在场上和场下相互信任和鼓励，and连接两个并列的动词，learn to do sth.“学习做某事”，encourage“鼓励”符合语境。故填encourage。
48．句意：最重要的是，运动帮助我们塑造我们的性格。根据“Most importantly, sports help us...our character (性格).”可知，help sb. do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，运动应是帮助我们塑造我们的性格，build“建立，塑造”符合语境，故填 build。
49．句意：你也能学会如何应对输赢。根据“You can learn what to do with...and losing, too.”可知，此处表示输和赢，win“赢”符合语境，and连接两个并列的词，losing为动名词形式，故此处应用win的动名词形式winning。故填winning。
50．句意：并且，当我们面对困难问题时，我们也能了解不断尝试的重要性。根据“Also, we can learn the...of keeping trying when we face difficult problems.”可知，当我们面对困难问题时，我们应是能了解不断尝试的重要性，important“重要的”符合语境，根据“the...of...”可知，空格处应用名词importance“重要性”。故填importance。
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺 (每词限用一次)。
cause choose fresh health keep like meal need one quick taste with
School lunch is important for students’ life. Many schools now even let students 51 the dishes they like and cook for them. These days people put their eyes on a new kind of food---pre-made food (预制菜).
Pre-made food is cooked 52 , then it is packed (包装). People just buy it from supermarket or online, and they can eat their meal in a very short time. For example, you just 53 to warm up some rice and dishes in a microwave oven (微波炉). Three minutes later, you can enjoy a 54 but delicious dinner. These 55 are mainly about three kinds: ready-to-heat, ready-to-eat, and ready-to-cook.
Parents often worry (担心) about additives (添加剂) in pre-made food. They think these might be 56 for them. And for teenagers 57 students, they shouldn’t eat a lot, either. Although it smells and 58 nice, it is really not a good choice. We should eat 59 and safe food at school with our teachers and classmates. Parents should also help kids 60 good eating habits. Remember: you are what you eat!
【答案】
51．choose 52．first 53．need 54．quick 55．meals 56．unhealthy 57．like 58．tastes 59．fresh 60．keep/to keep
【导语】本文讨论了预制菜作为学生午餐的优缺点，并强调健康饮食习惯的重要性。
51．句意：现在许多学校甚至让学生选择他们喜欢的菜肴，然后为他们烹饪。根据“the dishes they like”和let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”结构可知，是让学生选择喜欢的菜，choose意为“选择”，符合语境。故填choose。
52．句意：预制菜首先被快速烹饪，然后被包装。根据后文“then it is packed (包装)”可知，预制菜首先被烹饪，one“一”，其序数词形式是first“第一，首先”。故填first。
53．句意：例如，你只需要在微波炉里加热一些米饭和菜肴。这里说的是只需要用微波炉加热预制菜，need to do sth.表示“需要做某事”，句子为一般现在时，主语是you，动词用原形。故填need。
54．句意：三分钟后，你可以享受一顿快速但美味的晚餐。根据“Three minutes later”可知，这里强调速度快，空格处缺少形容词，quick“快速的”符合题意。故填quick。
55．句意：这些饭菜主要有三种：即热型、即食型和即烹型。根据前文提到的预制菜以及“ready-to-heat, ready-to-eat, and ready-to-cook”可知，这里说的是这些预制菜，meal表示“一顿饭”，这里用复数meals指代各种预制菜。故填meals。
56．句意：他们认为这些可能对他们来说不健康。根据“worry about additives”可知，父母担心添加剂，所以认为添加剂是不健康的，health“健康”，名词，其形容词形式healthy的反义词是unhealthy“不健康的”。故填unhealthy。
57．句意：对于像学生这样的青少年，他们也不应该吃很多。学生是青少年的一种，like“像”符合语境。故填like。
58．句意：虽然它闻起来和尝起来都不错，但它真的不是一个好选择。根据“smells”可知，这里需要一个类似的系动词，taste表示“尝起来”，符合语境，主语是it，句子为一般现在时，用第三人称单数形式tastes。故填tastes。
59．句意：我们应该和老师、同学们在学校吃新鲜的、安全的食物。这里需要一个形容词和safe并列修饰food，fresh“新鲜的”符合语境。故填fresh。
60．句意：父母也应该帮助孩子养成良好的饮食习惯。help sb. (to) do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，所以用keep/to keep。故填keep/to keep。
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。
after before cause choice cookie country habit however instead pick salt taste
Many people around the world like desserts. But people in different 61 eat them in different ways. For example, people in the West like to eat them 62 a meal while Chinese like to eat them as part of a meal or as a treat. Let’s find out more about desserts.
In the West, people like to finish a meal with a dish called desserts. It is usually a sweet mon desserts are cakes, 63 , puddings, ice cream and fruit.
Why do Western people like eating desserts when finishing a meal It’s hard to find the best answer. Some people say that’s because a sweet dessert will help to balance a 64 meal.
Western desserts are famous all over the world. They look beautiful and 65 delicious. Every country has its own special desserts.
But as people enjoy their after-dinner sweets, some realize that it’s time to rethink their eating 66 . Too much sweet food can 67 health problems such as overweight.
In China, people usually do not eat desserts after a meal. 68 , China is home to many desserts, like rice balls, black sesame soup (黑芝麻糊) and moon cakes. You’ll find it hard 69 just one famous sweet because China is big and has many different sweets. This means there are lots of sweet 70 in China.
【答案】
61．countries 62．after 63．cookies 64．salty 65．taste 66．habits 67．cause 68．However 69．to pick 70．choices
【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的人们食用甜点的不同习惯及其原因等。
61．句意：但不同国家的人们以不同的方式食用它们。根据下文“For example, people in the West like to eat them…a meal while Chinese like to eat them as part of a meal or as a treat…”并结合备选词汇可知，此处介绍了不同国家的人们食用甜点的不同习惯，country“国家”，根据空前的“different”可知，此处用复数形式。故填countries。
62．句意：例如，西方人喜欢饭后吃，而中国人喜欢把它们作为正餐的一部分或作为一种款待。根据下文“Why do Western people like eating desserts when finishing a meal ”并结合备选词汇可知，西方人喜欢饭后吃甜点，after“在……之后”符合。故填after。
63．句意：常见的甜点有蛋糕、饼干、布丁、冰淇淋和水果。根据“Common desserts”并结合备选词汇可知，此处列举常见的甜点，指饼干，cookie“饼干”，用复数形式，表示概数概念。故填cookies。
64．句意：有人说这是因为甜食有助于平衡咸味餐食。根据“Some people say that’s because a sweet dessert will help to balance a…meal.”的语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处指甜食有助于平衡咸味餐食，分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词salty“咸的”，修饰名词“meal”。故填salty。
65．句意：它们外观精美且味道也很美味。根据“delicious”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指口感，taste“尝”，句子时态为一般现在时，主语为“They”，用动词原形。故填taste。
66．句意：但当人们享受饭后甜食时，一些人意识到是时候重新思考他们的饮食习惯了。根据下文“Too much sweet food can…health problems such as overweight.”并结合备选词汇可知，过多甜食会导致健康问题，此处指饮食习惯，eating habits“饮食习惯”，是固定搭配。故填habits。
67．句意：吃太多甜食会导致超重等健康问题。根据“health problems”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指引起健康问题，cause“导致”，根据空前的“can”，此处用动词原形。故填cause。
68．句意：然而，中国有许多甜点，如饭团、黑芝麻汤和月饼。根据上文“In China, people usually do not eat desserts after a meal.”以及空后的“China is home to many desserts, like rice balls, black sesame soup (黑芝麻糊) and moon cakes”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，however“然而”符合，句首首字母大写。故填However。
69．句意：你会发现很难只挑一种著名的甜食，因为中国幅员辽阔，有很多不同的甜食。根据“because China is big and has many different sweets”并结合备选词汇可知，中国幅员辽阔，有很多不同的甜食，所以应是很难只挑一种著名的甜食，pick“挑选”，分析句子结构可知，此处为“find it+adj.+to do sth.”结构，意为“发现做某事是……的”。故填to pick。
70．句意：这意味着在中国有很多甜点选择。根据上文“has many different sweets”并结合备选词汇可知，有很多不同的甜食，应是选择很多，choice“选择”，用复数形式。故填choices。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
succeed, lose, their, fit, time, change, arrive, tired, for, swim
We all need exercise. Exercise is a good way to keep 71 . Exercise makes our hearts and muscles (肌肉) strong. Exercise also makes us in good health. If we exercise three 72 a week, we will stay happy and healthy. There are many ways to exercise. We can walk, run or 73 .
But most people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to 74 offices. They have to drive to work. Driving is hard for people in rush hours, and this makes them 75 . When these people 76 home after work, they don’t want to take exercise. Some people have problems with exercise. They have to work from morning to night, so they can’t 77 in taking exercise.
Today, many people are fat. It brings them health problems. Doctors say exercise is good 78 people’s health. So many people are trying to exercise more. But when people don’t see any 79 right away, they will 80 heart and stop exercising. I think they should know that it takes time to change. So, be patient (耐心的).
【答案】
71．fit 72．times 73．swim 74．their 75．tired 76．arrive 77．succeed 78．for 79．change 80．lose
【导语】本文主要讲述了锻炼的重要性以及现代人缺乏锻炼的原因和后果。
71．句意：锻炼是保持健康的好方法。根据“Exercise is a good way to keep...”和备选词汇可知，锻炼可以保持健康，fit“健康的”符合语境。故填fit。
72．句意：如果我们每周锻炼三次，我们会保持快乐和健康。根据“If we exercise three...a week, we will stay happy and healthy.”和备选词汇可知，一周锻炼三次，可以保持健康。three后应用名词复数形式，times“次数”符合语境。故填times。
73．句意：我们可以走路、跑步或游泳。根据“There are many ways to exercise. We can walk, run or...”和备选词汇可知，游泳也是锻炼的方式之一，且情态动词can后加动词原形，swim“游泳”符合语境。故填swim。
74．句意：从家到他们的办公室太远了。此处修饰名词offices，根据备选词汇可知，their“他们的”符合语境。故填their。
75．句意：在高峰时段开车对人们来说很难，这让他们感到疲惫。根据“Driving is hard for people in rush hours, and this makes them...”和备选词汇可知，开车使人感到疲劳，tired“疲惫的”符合语境。故填tired。
76．句意：当这些人下班回到家时，他们不想锻炼。 根据“When these people...home after work”和备选词汇可知，人们下班到家，时态是一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形，arrive“到达”符合语境。故填arrive。
77．句意：他们必须从早工作到晚，因此不能成功地锻炼。根据“They have to work from morning to night, so they can’t...in taking exercise.”和备选词汇可知，因为忙于工作，所以没法成功锻炼。情态动词后加动词原形，succeed“成功”符合语境。故填succeed。
78．句意：医生说锻炼对人们的健康有好处。根据“exercise is good...people’s health.”和备选词汇可知，锻炼有益于健康，be good for“有益于”，固定搭配。故填for。
79．句意：但当人们没有立即看到任何变化时，他们会灰心并停止锻炼。根据“But when people don’t see any...right away, they will...heart and stop exercising.”和备选词汇可知，看不到变化时会灰心，change“变化”符合语境。故填change。
80．句意：他们会灰心并停止锻炼。根据“they will...heart and stop exercising”和备选词汇可知，灰心了会停止锻炼，且will后加动词原形，lose“失去”符合语境。故填lose。
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
balance sometimes hand the awful carry encourage join slowly can and he
Lisa gets a good skateboarder from her mom. She is thirsty for 81 gift. She wants to learn how to skate.
Lisa 82 her new skateboard to the skate park. Everything goes well. Lisa tries a trick. “Cool!” But the girl goes faster and loses 83 . She falls off her skateboard!
It makes Lisa feel 84 . “This is really bad! No more skateboarding for me!” she wants to leave.
Just then, she hears a voice, “Good boy! Come on!” A mother 85 her baby boy to learn to walk.
Lisa watches as the little boy 86 stands up, he takes one little step and falls down crying. “You 87 do it! Have one more try, honey!” His mother softly says 88 the little boy stops crying. 89 takes the mother’s hand and get up again!
Lisa thinks. “Falling is a common thing! In fact, everybody falls off 90 .”
That whole afternoon, Lisa keeps practicing. When she succeeds in doing one more trick, she calls, “I’m a really skateboarder now!”
【答案】
81．the 82．carries 83．balance 84．awful 85．encourages 86．slowly 87．can 88．and 89．He 90．sometimes
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了丽萨收到妈妈送的滑板后去滑板公园练习，摔倒后因看到一位母亲鼓励孩子学走路而受到启发，继续练习最终成功的故事。
81．句意：她渴望这个礼物。根据“Lisa gets a good skateboarder from her mom.”可知，这里需要一个定冠词来特指前面提到的滑板这个礼物，“the” 是定冠词，用于特指。故填the。
82．句意：丽萨把她的新滑板带到滑板公园。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词，“carry”表示“携带” ，主语Lisa是第三人称单数，文章时态是一般现在时，所以用第三人称单数形式carries。故填carries。
83．句意：但女孩滑得更快并失去了平衡。根据“She falls off her skateboard!”可知，丽萨滑的太快失去了平衡，因此从滑板上摔了下来，故这里需要表示“平衡”的词，“balance”表示“平衡”，lose balance意为“失去平衡”。故填balance。
84．句意：这让丽萨感觉糟糕。根据“This is really bad! No more skateboarding for me!”可知，丽萨因摔倒而不想玩滑板了，这里需要表示“糟糕的”词，“awful”表示“糟糕的”，feel awful意为“感觉糟糕”。故填awful。
85．句意：一位母亲鼓励她的宝宝学走路。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词，“encourage”表示“鼓励”，符合语境。主语“A mother”是第三人称单数，文章时态是一般现在时，所以用第三人称单数形式encourages。故填encourages。
86．句意：丽萨看着小男孩慢慢地站起来。根据“as the little boy ... stands up, he takes one little step and falls down crying.”可知，这里需要一个副词修饰动词短语“stands up”，“slowly”表示“慢慢地”，符合语境。故填slowly。
87．句意：你能做到！再试一次，宝贝！这里需要一个情态动词表示能力，“can”表示“能，可以”，符合语境。故填can。
88．句意：他的妈妈温柔地说，然后小男孩停止哭泣。这里需要一个连词表顺承，“and” 是连词，可表顺承关系，连接两个句子。故填and。
89．句意：他拉着妈妈的手，再次站起来！分析句子结构可知，句子缺少主语，这里需要一个人称代词作主语，指代小男孩，“he”表示“他”，符合语境。故填He。
90．句意：事实上，每个人偶尔都会摔倒。根据“ Falling is a common thing!”可知，摔倒很常见，每个人都有摔倒的概率，这里需要一个频率副词，“sometimes”意为“有时，偶尔”，符合语境。故填sometimes。
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。
she slow have learn thought become wait use snow soft succeed tired
When life hands you lemons, you can make lemonade (柠檬汁).
Zhang Huang is an 11-year-old girl. She looks very cute. And she is very smart and always has different 91 from others. She likes drinking lemonade and hopes to have a lemonade stand (售货亭) at the school sale. So she wants 92 how to make good lemonade at home. Her mother thinks it’s not 93 . But she doesn’t give up (放弃) and she 94 after trying for a long time.
Later she turns it into business (生意). In 95 hometown, Yuci, Shanxi, she has a lemonade stand selling lemon juice. Her good friend is a 96 at her stand and she gives her lots of help. The stand is open seven days a week and she doesn’t close even on rainy and 97 days. Her lemonade is sweet and many people like it. So if you want to buy, you can’t be in a hurry. You need to wait 98 . The small stand is getting more and more popular. Now, Zhang Huang is drinking and selling lemonade. Although she is 99 , she feels very happy. She has a big dream and looks forward to 100 100 shops selling lemonade in different places around China. The 11-year-old girl is taking a lemonade stand to a new world.
【答案】
91．thoughts 92．to learn 93．useful 94．succeeds 95．her 96．waiter 97．snowy 98．slowly 99．tired 100．having
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个11岁女孩张煌的故事，她通过自己的努力成功地开设了一家售卖柠檬水的小摊，并且有着更大的梦想。
91．句意：她总是与别人有不同的想法。根据“And she is very smart and always has different...from others.”及备选词可知，空处指“不同的想法”，thought“想法”符合句意，different后跟名词复数。故填thoughts。
92．句意：她想学习如何在家制作好喝的柠檬汁。根据“how to make good lemonade at home.”及备选词可知，空处指“学习”制作柠檬汁，learn“学习”符合句意。want to do sth.“想要做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to learn。
93．句意：她的妈妈认为这并没用。根据“Her mother thinks it’s not... But she doesn’t give up (放弃)”及备选词可知，她的妈妈认为没有用。use“使用”符合句意，此处需形容词useful“有用的”作表语。故填useful。
94．句意：但她没有放弃，经过长时间尝试后成功了。根据“But she doesn’t give up (放弃) and she...after trying for a long time.”及备选词可知，她“成功了”，succeed“成功”符合句意，因本句时态为一般现在时，主语为she，谓语动词用三单形式。故填succeeds。
95．句意：在她的家乡山西榆次，她有一个柠檬汁售货亭。根据“In... hometown”及备选词可知，空处指“她的”，she“她”符合，空处需形容词性物主代词her修饰名词hometown。故填her。
96．句意：她的好朋友是售货亭的服务员，给了她很多帮助。根据“and she gives her lots of help.”及备选词可知，她给予了很多帮助，故她的好朋友是售货亭的服务员，waiter“服务员”符合句意，冠词a后跟名词单数。故填waiter。
97．句意：售货亭一周营业七天，并且在雨天和下雪天，她也不关门。根据“on rainy and... days.”及备选词可知，空处指“下雪天”，需名词snow对应的形容词snowy“多雪的”修饰名词days。故填snowy。
98．句意：你需要慢慢等待。根据“So if you want to buy, you can’t be in a hurry.”及备选词可知，如果你想买，不能着急，需要慢慢等待。slow“慢的”符合句意，动词wait需副词修饰，故填slowly。
99．句意：虽然她很累，但感到非常开心。根据“Although she is..., she feels very happy.”及备选词可知，虽很累，但很开心。tired“累的”符合句意，作表语。故填tired。
100．句意：她有一个大梦想，期待在中国各地拥有100家柠檬汁店铺卖柠檬汁。根据“100 shops selling lemonade in different places around China.”及备选词可知，空处指“拥有”，have“有”符合句意。look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，故空处需动名词。故填having。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
题型过关第5讲 选词填空
初一英语选词填空高效解题技巧：从词汇辨析到逻辑突破
一、核心解题步骤：三步定位法
1. 预览选项，分类词性（基础前提）
操作方法：
用符号标注选项词性：n.（名词）、v.（动词）、adj.（形容词）、adv.（副词）、prep.（介词）等；
例：选项 “happy” 标 “adj.”，“run” 标 “v.”，“book” 标 “n.”。
关键作用：缩小填空范围（如空处需谓语动词，仅看 v. 选项）。
2. 精读空格前后，判断语法需求（核心逻辑）
判断维度：
空前后词性：
名词前：可能缺 adj.（如 “___ book” 填 adj.“new”）或限定词（a/an/the）；
动词后：可能缺 adv.（如 “run ___” 填 adv.“fast”）或 n.（如 “read a ___” 填 n.“book”）；
句子成分：
缺主语 / 宾语：选 n. 或代词（如 “___ is my friend” 填 n.“Lucy”）；
缺谓语：选 v.（注意时态 / 单三，如 “he ___ (play)” 填 “plays”）；
固定搭配：
介词后接 v.-ing（如 “thank you for ___” 填 “helping”）；
情态动词后接动词原形（如 “can ___” 填 “run”）。
3. 代入选项，结合上下文验证（避坑关键）
验证要点：
语义连贯：如空前后讲 “天气”，选项 “rainy” 比 “happy” 更合理；
逻辑一致：转折词（but/however）前后语义相反，因果词（so/because）前后逻辑顺承；
例：“I wanted to go out, ___ it rained.” 填转折连词 “but”。
二、常考题型分类及针对性策略
1. 词汇辨析题（近义词 / 同根词）
解题技巧：
词义差异：
“look/see/watch”：look 表 “看” 的动作，see 表 “看见” 的结果，watch 表 “观看”（如 watch TV）；
“family/home/house”：family 指 “家庭 / 家人”，home 指 “家的概念”，house 指 “房子”；
词根词缀：
同根词词性区分：care（v. 关心）→careful（adj. 仔细的）→carefully（adv. 仔细地）；
例：“Be ___ when you cross the road.” 空处需 adj.，填 “careful”。
2. 固定搭配题（高频考点）
分类记忆：
动词短语：
look for（寻找）、listen to（听）、wait for（等待）；
例：“He is ___ his keys.” 填 “looking for”；
介词短语：
in the morning（在早上）、on weekends（在周末）、at night（在晚上）；
句型搭配：
It’s + adj. + to do sth.（如 “It’s easy to learn English”）；
spend + 时间 + doing sth.（如 “spend two hours reading”）。
3. 语法逻辑题（时态 / 语态 / 词性转换）
解题要点：
时态判断：
时间状语提示：yesterday（过去时）、now（现在进行时）、tomorrow（将来时）；
例：“She ___ (write) a letter yesterday.” 填过去式 “wrote”；
语态判断：
被动语态结构：be + 过去分词（如 “The book ___ (write) by him.” 填 “was written”）；
词性转换：
形容词变副词：quick→quickly（修饰动词 “run quickly”）；
名词变形容词：rain→rainy（“a rainy day”）。
4. 上下文推理题（初一难点）
推理方法：
原词复现：空处答案可能在上下文中重复出现（如前文提 “apple”，后文空处填 “apple”）；
逻辑推导：
并列关系：and 前后词性 / 语义一致（如 “happy and ___” 填 adj.“sad” 表对比或 “glad” 表并列）；
因果关系：“Because he studied hard, ___ he got good grades.” 填 “so”；
例：“I didn’t eat breakfast, so I feel ___ now.” 没吃早餐→感觉 “hungry”（饥饿的）。
三、避坑指南：初一学生常见错误
词性误判：
误：选项 “friendly”（adj. 友好的）误判为 n.，填入 “a ___” 中（正确：a friendly person）；
正：通过后缀判断词性（-ly 结尾多为 adv.，但 friendly/likely 为 adj.）。
时态忽略：
误：“He often ___ (play) football.” 填 “play”（未注意单三）；
正：一般现在时，主语 he 后填 “plays”。
固定搭配混淆：
误：“listen ___ me” 填 “at”（正确搭配 “listen to”）；
正：整理易混搭配表（如 look for/look after/look at）。
过度推断：
误：原文未提 “颜色”，空处选 “red”（无依据）；
正：答案必须来自上下文线索，不主观添加信息。
四、实战演练：小片段解析
题目选项：happy, plays, in, books, carefully
原文片段：
Tom is a student. He studies ____ at school. Every day, he reads ____ after lunch. ____ the afternoon, he ____ basketball with friends. He is always ____.
解题步骤：
选项分类：
happy（adj.）、plays（v. 单三）、in（prep.）、books（n. 复数）、carefully（adv.）；
分析空格：
“studies ____”：动词后需 adv.，填 “carefully”；
“reads ____”：动词后需 n.，填 “books”；
“____ the afternoon”：固定搭配 “in the afternoon”，填 “in”；
“he ____ basketball”：主语 he 后缺 v. 单三，填 “plays”；
“is always ____”：be 动词后接 adj.，填 “happy”；
验证：语义通顺，语法正确。
五、提分口诀与练习建议
口诀速记：
“先分词性再看空，前后语法要贯通；
固定搭配记心中，上下文里找线索；
时态语态别忘记，代入验证防错漏。”
高效练习法：
制作 “词性分类表”：按 n./v./adj./adv. 整理高频词汇；
专项突破固定搭配：每天记 5 个短语（如 turn on, take off）；
错题复盘：标注错误原因（如 “时态错”“搭配错”），针对性强化。
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
people use China be talk if quiet with rule clean
Luoyang History Museum is on Nietai Road, Luoyang City, Henan Province. Luoyang Museum is one of the national first-class museums 1 a history of over 68 years. You can learn the 2 history here. If you want to have a good time in Luoyang History Museum, please follow the 3 .
You may like the beautiful pictures in the museum. But 4 you want to take photos, you can’t 5 flash (闪光灯). It is not good for the pictures. The museum is clean and 6 . You must like it. To keep the museum clean, you can’t bring any food or drinks here. If you want to enjoy the trip 7 , you must keep the rule. Can you see the picture of “No 8 ” in the museum Other 9 may feel unhappy when you talk loudly. These 10 the rules of the Luoyang Museum. Hope you can have a great time here.
根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。将单词填写在答题卡对应的横线上。每个单词只能用一次。
you take leaves visitor million from seeing capital quite famous
Dear Tina,
How are you in Kunming Today, I’d like to tell you something about my hometown Beijing. As the 11 of China, Beijing is a large city. There are over 21 12 people living here. So, the traffic is very busy. It usually 13 me about an hour to get to school by bus.
Different 14 Kunming, Beijing has four distinct (截然不同的) seasons. I like autumn best because I think it is 15 comfortable. And I can go to Xiangshan Park to see beautiful red 16 .
My hometown is 17 for its old buildings, nice food, and traditional culture (文化). Every year, 18 from all over the world spend their holidays here. And I’m glad to know that you will spend your summer holiday in Beijing.
That is all about my hometown. What about 19 Please write and tell me about it. And I’m looking forward to 20 you in Beijing.
Yours,
Lily
用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全短文 (有两词多余)
but, also, face, same, animal, chance, use, easy, find, they, appear, because
Do you know why different animals or insects have their own colours This is because they use different colours to keep themselves safe.
Some birds feed on insects, but it’s not 21 for them to catch locusts (蝗虫). Why This is because locusts change 22 colours to match the food plants. When food plants are green, locusts appear green. When the plants turn brown, locusts 23 turn brown.
Some other insects have to 24 only at night. It is because they have colours different from plants, and birds can 25 them easily and eat them.
If you study animal life, you’ll find that the most important 26 of colour is for protection. Tigers, lions and other 27 move quietly through forests. The small animals cannot find them 28 they have the colours much like those of the trees and grass.
In the sea, there’s a kind of fish with a soft body. It is not strong at all, but it can send out black liquid (液体) when it 29 danger. The liquid hides the fish from its hunters, giving it a (n) 30 to swim away swiftly (迅速地). That’s why we can still see it in the sea.
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上；注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
the so other sad a health at game play but look easy
Many students enjoy 31 basketball, dancing, or drawing after school. These activities are fun and help them stay 32 . When they play sports or do art, they feel happy and learn new things. They also make friends with 33 students. For example, some join a soccer team, while others learn to sing in a music club. This makes their school life colorful and full of energy.
However, some students spend too much time playing video 34 or watching TV 35 home. They sit still for hours and stare at screens. This is not good for their bodies and minds. Their eyes may 36 tired, and they might even feel 37 because they have no one to talk to. 38 teacher said, “Sitting all day makes students weak. They need to move and laugh more!”
A study from a school found that students who do after-school activities are happier. They can finish homework 39 and sleep well at night. 40 those who always use phones or computers often feel lonely. The study also said that too much screen time makes students forget to eat or study.
So, try to join clubs, play sports, or do other interesting things. Don’t let screens control your life! If you do this, you will grow up strong and happy.
after another before build different encourage follow football important kind they win
Sports are a big part of school life. Students have PE classes, and they also join many 41 of clubs after school. Sports help us keep fit. They help us in many 42 ways, too.
First, school sports can help us find our talents (才华). At school, we can try different sports. We may know what we’re really good at 43 trying one. Usain Bolt is a good example. He loves 44 , but becomes a very fast runner. Nobody can run faster than him. That’s because he 45 his PE teacher’s advice.
Second, when we play sports, we meet people and make new friends. In team sports, players spend a lot of time together in groups. This helps 46 have strong relationships. They learn to trust (信任) and 47 each other, both on and off the field. Team members often become friends for life.
Most importantly, sports help us 48 our character (性格). When you play a team sport, for example, you learn about team spirit. It is helpful when you get a job later in life. You can learn what to do with 49 and losing, too. Losing a match can be difficult, but it teaches you a lot. Also, we can learn the 50 of keeping trying when we face difficult problems.
So, school sports help you in many parts of your life. And who knows Maybe you’ll find yourself a new sporting superstar one day.
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺 (每词限用一次)。
cause choose fresh health keep like meal need one quick taste with
School lunch is important for students’ life. Many schools now even let students 51 the dishes they like and cook for them. These days people put their eyes on a new kind of food---pre-made food (预制菜).
Pre-made food is cooked 52 , then it is packed (包装). People just buy it from supermarket or online, and they can eat their meal in a very short time. For example, you just 53 to warm up some rice and dishes in a microwave oven (微波炉). Three minutes later, you can enjoy a 54 but delicious dinner. These 55 are mainly about three kinds: ready-to-heat, ready-to-eat, and ready-to-cook.
Parents often worry (担心) about additives (添加剂) in pre-made food. They think these might be 56 for them. And for teenagers 57 students, they shouldn’t eat a lot, either. Although it smells and 58 nice, it is really not a good choice. We should eat 59 and safe food at school with our teachers and classmates. Parents should also help kids 60 good eating habits. Remember: you are what you eat!
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确、通顺（每词限用一次）。
after before cause choice cookie country habit however instead pick salt taste
Many people around the world like desserts. But people in different 61 eat them in different ways. For example, people in the West like to eat them 62 a meal while Chinese like to eat them as part of a meal or as a treat. Let’s find out more about desserts.
In the West, people like to finish a meal with a dish called desserts. It is usually a sweet mon desserts are cakes, 63 , puddings, ice cream and fruit.
Why do Western people like eating desserts when finishing a meal It’s hard to find the best answer. Some people say that’s because a sweet dessert will help to balance a 64 meal.
Western desserts are famous all over the world. They look beautiful and 65 delicious. Every country has its own special desserts.
But as people enjoy their after-dinner sweets, some realize that it’s time to rethink their eating 66 . Too much sweet food can 67 health problems such as overweight.
In China, people usually do not eat desserts after a meal. 68 , China is home to many desserts, like rice balls, black sesame soup (黑芝麻糊) and moon cakes. You’ll find it hard 69 just one famous sweet because China is big and has many different sweets. This means there are lots of sweet 70 in China.
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
succeed, lose, their, fit, time, change, arrive, tired, for, swim
We all need exercise. Exercise is a good way to keep 71 . Exercise makes our hearts and muscles (肌肉) strong. Exercise also makes us in good health. If we exercise three 72 a week, we will stay happy and healthy. There are many ways to exercise. We can walk, run or 73 .
But most people cannot do this. It is too far from their homes to 74 offices. They have to drive to work. Driving is hard for people in rush hours, and this makes them 75 . When these people 76 home after work, they don’t want to take exercise. Some people have problems with exercise. They have to work from morning to night, so they can’t 77 in taking exercise.
Today, many people are fat. It brings them health problems. Doctors say exercise is good 78 people’s health. So many people are trying to exercise more. But when people don’t see any 79 right away, they will 80 heart and stop exercising. I think they should know that it takes time to change. So, be patient (耐心的).
请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
balance sometimes hand the awful carry encourage join slowly can and he
Lisa gets a good skateboarder from her mom. She is thirsty for 81 gift. She wants to learn how to skate.
Lisa 82 her new skateboard to the skate park. Everything goes well. Lisa tries a trick. “Cool!” But the girl goes faster and loses 83 . She falls off her skateboard!
It makes Lisa feel 84 . “This is really bad! No more skateboarding for me!” she wants to leave.
Just then, she hears a voice, “Good boy! Come on!” A mother 85 her baby boy to learn to walk.
Lisa watches as the little boy 86 stands up, he takes one little step and falls down crying. “You 87 do it! Have one more try, honey!” His mother softly says 88 the little boy stops crying. 89 takes the mother’s hand and get up again!
Lisa thinks. “Falling is a common thing! In fact, everybody falls off 90 .”
That whole afternoon, Lisa keeps practicing. When she succeeds in doing one more trick, she calls, “I’m a really skateboarder now!”
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使其通顺、连贯，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。方框中有两个词为多余项。
she slow have learn thought become wait use snow soft succeed tired
When life hands you lemons, you can make lemonade (柠檬汁).
Zhang Huang is an 11-year-old girl. She looks very cute. And she is very smart and always has different 91 from others. She likes drinking lemonade and hopes to have a lemonade stand (售货亭) at the school sale. So she wants 92 how to make good lemonade at home. Her mother thinks it’s not 93 . But she doesn’t give up (放弃) and she 94 after trying for a long time.
Later she turns it into business (生意). In 95 hometown, Yuci, Shanxi, she has a lemonade stand selling lemon juice. Her good friend is a 96 at her stand and she gives her lots of help. The stand is open seven days a week and she doesn’t close even on rainy and 97 days. Her lemonade is sweet and many people like it. So if you want to buy, you can’t be in a hurry. You need to wait 98 . The small stand is getting more and more popular. Now, Zhang Huang is drinking and selling lemonade. Although she is 99 , she feels very happy. She has a big dream and looks forward to 100 100 shops selling lemonade in different places around China. The 11-year-old girl is taking a lemonade stand to a new world.

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