资源简介 (共18张PPT)专题三七选五型阅读理解一、题型要求七选五型阅读理解这一题型共 5 小题,每小题 2.5 分。阅读材料长度为 300 词左右,文中有五处空白,文后有七个选项(均为完整的句子),要求考生从短文后的七个选项中选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。该题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的前后联系,理解句子之间、段落之间的关系,对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握,并具备运用语法知识分析和理解长难句的能力。此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试,因此要求比较高。年份 体裁 设空位置段首 段中 段末2021 记叙文 1 3 12022 说明文 0 4 12023 说明文 0 4 1二、命题分析2021—2023 年新课标Ⅰ卷七选五型阅读理解体裁和设空位置分析近三年新课标Ⅰ卷真题可知,七选五型阅读理解所给的材料以说明文和记叙文为主,语篇模式较为固定。材料内容逻辑性强,结构严谨,层次分明,便于学生在阅读的基础上,进行综合理解,并对于一些信息进行概括或充分表达。文章题材注重选取贴近考生、贴近生活、新颖的、时代感强的材料。文中的五处空白分布于各个段落的段首、段中或段尾(但一般情况下不会是文章的第一句,也不会是最后一句)。其七个选项一般可分为三类:主旨概括句(反映文章整体内容)、过渡句(反映文章结构)、细节理解句(反映上下文逻辑关系),具体表现为:1.主旨概括句以考查段落标题为主,设题位置一般在段首或段尾,考查文章的段落大意。2.过渡句有两种,一种是段落内部的过渡句;另一种是段落之间的过渡句。3.细节理解句出现在段落内部,考查的是段落内部的句子之间,特别是前后句之间的逻辑关系。多余的两个选项也往往从这四个方面设置,例如主题概括句或过于宽泛,或以偏概全,或偏离主题,过渡句不能反映文章的行文结构,细节理解句与上下文脱节等。另外,个别选项区分度不大,干扰性强,容易误选。(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published,it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript( 原稿).__1__ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take thetrouble to spell words correctly.I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary andthesaurus( 同 义 词 词 典 ).I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.__2__Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries andthesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover andpages I can leaf through with my fingers.I use the Concise OxfordDictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.__3__ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thusdifferentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, butnot identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter OxfordDictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99pence.Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short.It containsaround 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.__4__ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look upexamples of its usage, there's nothing better.For well over a hundred years the most influential Englishdictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Languagepublished in 1755.“To make dictionaries is dull( 乏 味 ) work , ”wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”.__5__ A fewminutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewardingexperience.A.I don't often use this dictionary.B.It takes no account of the context.C.But I still don't want to replace them.D.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.E.Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.G.Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。1.F上 文 “If you want to be published, it's vital to submit aperfect, professionally presented manuscript.(如果你想发表,提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性,手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F 选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确,没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明,符合题意。故选 F。2.B上文“I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.( 我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionariesand thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard coverand pages I can leaf through with my fingers.(当然,现在有很多在线词典和同义词库,但我是一个守旧的人,更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页,说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文,所以 B 选项“It takesno account of the context.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因,具有承上启下的作用。故选 B。3.E下文“It should give you a precise definition of each word,thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identical.It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义,从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了词典的功能,E 选项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.(当然,词典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了词典的部分功能,能引起下文内容。故选 E。4.A下文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word orto look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.(然而,如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子,没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了词典的使用情况,A 选项“I don't often use thisdictionary.(我不经常用这本词典。)”是对词典使用频率的说明,与下文构成转折关系。故选 A。5.D上文“ “To make dictionaries is dull ( 乏味) work ,”wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”.( 约 翰 逊 在 解 释“dull”的一个定义时写道:“编词典是件乏味的工作。”)”提到了编写词典是件乏味的工作,下文“A few minutes spent casting youreye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览词典也是一种阅读的乐趣,D 选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本词典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对词典的评价,与上文的“乏味”形成对比,与上文构成转折关系。故选 D。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览