资源简介

(共69张PPT)
选择性必修第二册
UNIT 1
SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
核心单词
阅读词汇
1.cholera n.霍乱
2.diarrhoea n.腹泻
3.dehydration n.脱水
4.germ n.微生物；细菌；病菌
5.proof n.证据；证明；检验
6.intervention n.介入；出面；干涉
7.raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的
8.statistic n.[pl.-s]统计数字；统计资料；统计学
9.epidemiology n.流行病学
10.microscope n.显微镜
11.protein n.蛋白质
12.framework n.框架；结构
13.shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处
14.rainbow n.彩虹
15.leadership n.领导；领导地位；领导才能
16.telescope n.望远镜
高频词汇
1.________ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
2.__________ adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的
3.________ n.减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)
减少；减小；降低
cell
virus
finding
4.________ n.思想；思维；见解
5.________ n.细胞；小房间；单间牢房
6.________ n.病毒
7.________ n.发现；调查结果；(法律)判决
severe
substantial
decrease
thinking
8.________ n.疫苗
vaccine
solid
cast
9.________ adj.可靠的；固体的；坚实的 n.固体
10.________ vt.投射；向……投以(视线、笑容等)；投掷
11.________ vt.倒出；倾泻；斟(饮料)
pour
concrete
12.________ n.混凝土 adj.混凝土制的；确实的；具体的
13.___________ adj.优秀的；杰出的；明显的
14.________ adj.抽象的；理论上的 n.(文献等的)摘要
15.________ n.概念；观念
abstract
concept
16.________ adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的
brilliant
outstanding
拓展词汇
1.__________ adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的→frustrate v.使受
挫折；令人沮丧→__________ n.挫折；失败；失意
2._________________ adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的→
contradition n.矛盾；反驳
frustrated
frustration
3.infect vt.使感染；传染→________ adj.被传染的→_________
n.感染；传染
contradictory
infected
infection
4.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)→
_____________ n.订阅→___________ n.订户
subscription
subscriber
5.________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的→multiply v.乘；(使)
增加；(使)繁殖
multiple
suspect
6._________ vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人；可
疑对象→_________ adj.猜疑的；疑心的；表示怀疑的
suspicious
7.________ vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责
n.责备；指责→
blameful adj.应受责备的；该受责备的→blameless adj.无可指责的
→____________ adv.无可责难地
blame
blamelessly
8.handle n.把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、
工具等)→________ n.处理者；管理者
handler
link
linked
purely
purify
9.________ n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联→linker
n.链接器→________ adj.连接的；链接的
10.pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→_________ adv.纯粹地→
________ v.净化
transformation
initial
11.transform v.使改观；使改变形态　vi.改变；转变→
_______________ n.转变；变化
12.________ adj.最初的；开始的；第一的→initially adv.最初
13.mechanical adj.机械的；发动机的；机器的→________ n.
机械师；机械修理工
mechanic
defense/defence
14.defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解→_________________ n.防卫；
防御措施→________ adj.防守的；防御用的
defensive
15.________ n.助理；助手→______ v.帮助；促进→assistance
n.帮助；援助
assistant
assist
traceable
tracer
16.trace vt.追溯；追踪；查出 n.痕迹；遗迹；踪迹→________
adj.可追溯的；可追踪的→________ n.追踪者
17.________ adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→_______
n.礼物；赠品；天赋；天才
gifted
gift
steady
18.________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定
地；平稳地
astronomer
faulty
19.astronomy n.天文学→__________ n.天文学家
20.fault n.弱点；过错→________ adj.有错误的；有缺点的；
出毛病的
21.shift n. 改变；转换；轮班
vi.& vt. 转移；挪动；转向→
________ adj. 看着不可靠的；贼眉鼠眼的；显得心里有鬼的→
________ adj.懒惰的；得过且过的；没出息的
22.vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→________ adv.生动地；
强烈地
shifty
shiftless
vividly
熟词生义
1.raw
【熟义】 adj.未经处理的；原始的
【生义】 adj.未煮的；生的
【典例】 People can become infected after eating raw or
undercooked meat.人们在吃生的或未煮熟的肉后可能会被感染。
2.solid
【熟义】 adj.固体的；坚实的 n.固体
【生义】 adj.可靠的
【典例】 You need someone who is solid and stable.你需要一个
可靠而稳重的人。
重点短语
1.attend ________ 照顾；致力于
2.once and for ________ 最终地；彻底地
3.________ to 同意；赞同
4.be to ________ 应受到责罚；应承担责任
5.________ to 幸亏；由于
6.________ this reason 由于这个原因
to
all
subscribe
blame
thanks
for
7.break ________ ( 战争、打斗等不愉快的事情) 突然开始；
爆发
out
of
come
all
8.in charge ________ 主管；掌管
9.________ down with 患(病)；染上(小病)
10.above ________ 最重要的是；尤其是
精选佳句
教材原句
had
it
delivered
1.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so
much that she ________ ________ ________ to her house every day.
看起来似乎是这个女人如此喜欢水泵的水以至于她每天都把水运
到她家。
句式结构
句式 1：have sth.done 让某事被做
教材原句
more
likely
than
2.The people who drank this water were much _______ _______
to get cholera ________ those who drank pure or boiled water.喝这种
水的人比喝纯净水或白开水的人更有可能感染霍乱。
句式结构
句式 2：more...than...意为“比……更……”
教材原句
what
was
3.However, ________ might have made him such an outstanding
and creative scientist ________ probably his strong interest in other
things, such as music and drawing.然而，能让他成为如此杰出而又
有创造力的科学家，可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，比如音乐
和绘画。
句式结构
句式 3：what 引导的主语从句
教材原句
Since
came
down
4.________ he ________ ________ with a disease which caused
him to lose the use of most of his muscles, his world became one of
abstract thought.由于他得了一种使他失去大部分肌肉功能的疾病，
他的世界变成了一个抽象的思想世界。
句式结构
句式 4：since 引导的原因状语从句
课文复现
John Snow, a well-known doctor in London, became 1.________
(inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people who 2._____
_________ (expose) to cholera, a 3.________ (dead) disease of its day.
Many thousands of people died and some needed 4._______________
________ (attend) to every time there was an outbreak because no one
knew the cause of it.John Snow wanted to help solve the problem.
inspired
exposed
deadly
to be attended/
were
attending
to explain
that
absorbed
when
Doctors in those days had two contradictory theories 5.________
(explain) how cholera killed people.He believed in the second theory
6.________ suggested that people 7.________ (absorb) the disease
with their meals.In 1854, 8.________ another outbreak hit London, he
was ready to test the two theories.9.________ the help of the map he
made, he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was
able to announce that the water was 10.________ (blame).
With
to blame
单句语法填空
such
in
shifting
1.Furthermore, table tennis is ________ an interesting game that
people all over the world play it.
2.I have to say ________ his defence because he, an honest man,
won't steal anything in the grocery store.
3.In reality, the mechanic made a severe mistake, ________ (shift)
his weight nervously from one foot to another.(读后续写之紧张心理
描写)
4.However ________ (gift) you are, you won't succeed without
constant effort and perseverance.
gifted
of
5.I was overcome with sadness because I was suspected _______
stealing his money.
with
with
6.Such a mean woman is she that she is always finding fault
________ others, which really gets us annoyed.
7.The outstanding astronomer who devoted himself to his career
came down ________ a severe illness.
8.I entirely believe that you are not linked ______ what happened
just now.
9.Thanks to your generous help and kindness, my first Canada
trip was transformed ________ an unforgettable memory.(应用文写
作之感谢信)
10.In a sense, we should blame the present terrible environment
________ humans' over-consumption.
to/with
into
on
1.severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的
【典例】
①Many people feel the punishment should have been more
severe.许多人觉得这个惩罚本应该更严厉些。
②Severe stress typically sends the body into a state of shock,
flooding it with various hormones and metabolites. 严重的压力常使
身体处于休克状态，体内充斥着各种激素和代谢物。
【归纳】
severe condition 苛刻条件
severe punishment 严厉惩罚
severe cold 严寒
severe stress 严重压力
be severe with/on sb.对……严格/发火
单词 含义
severe 着重严厉性，无丝毫温情
serious 指具有关键性或严重性的事情
strict 指严格的，严谨的
【辨析】 severe, strict 与 serious
【拓展】
(1)severely adv.严重地
(2)severity n.严重程度
【即学即用】
补全句子，每空一词
(1)The party suffered ________ ________ (严重损失) during the
last election.
severe
losses
单句语法填空
(2)Punishment from police is often more severe_______ students
and will prevent future bullying better.
(3)The chances of a full recovery will depend on the ________
(severe) of her injuries.
on/with
severity
2.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费)
【典例】
①If you subscribe to this newspaper, you'll get an extra
magazine.如果你订阅这份报纸，你会得到一本额外的杂志。
②How much did you subscribe to the disaster fund？你向赈灾
基金捐了多少钱？
【归纳】
subscribe to 订阅；同意；赞同；捐款
subscribe for 认购；预定
单词 用法
subscribe 指完全赞成已阐明的立场
approve 侧重对认为正确或满意的事表示赞同或批准
【辨析】 subscribe 与 approve
【拓展】
subscription n.捐助；订阅费；会员费；订购，订阅
subscription service 订阅服务
annual subscription 年度订阅
【即学即用】
赞同；同意
订阅
定期捐款
写出下列句子中 subscribe to 的中文含义
(1)I have never subscribed to the view that your schooldays are
the happiest days of your life.______________
(2)You should subscribe to trade magazines to learn more than
your business.________
(3)He subscribes regularly to local charities._____________
3.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n.责备；指责
【典例】
When getting along with others, we shouldn't always blame
others for mistakes.当和其他人相处时，我们不应该总是因错误责
备他人。
【归纳】
be to blame (for sth.)(对某事)负有责任，应受责备
blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人
blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事
【点津】
be to blame 意为“应受责备”，用主动形式表被动含义，相
当于 should be blamed。
【拓展】
take/bear/shoulder the blame for...对……承担责任
put/lay the blame on sb.归咎于某人
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
on
(1)(2023· 北京卷)These biased perspectives cannot be blamed
________ one single cause.
完成句子
blame the failure
(2)老实说，你不应该把失败完全归咎于你的搭档。毕竟，你
也应该为此负责。
To be honest，you should not completely ___________________
______________.After all，you should also _____________________
________________________.
on your partner
be to blame/take/bear/
shoulder the blame for it
Blamed for not performing well in the examination
(3)由于被指责考试没考好，女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。(读后续写
之情绪描写)
_______________________________________________ ，the
girl couldn't help crying bitterly，burying her face in her hands.
4.link n.联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联
【典例】
①Of course, most of China was flourishing at the time, and they
were able to get a road built to link them up to the rest of China.当然
了，那段时间整个中国都是一片繁荣景象。而这个村子建了一条
公路，从此与外界相通。
②Politeness is the way we individual humans link up with the
rest of the human world outside of our circles of family and friends.礼
貌是我们人类个体在家庭和朋友圈子之外与人类世界的其他部分
联系的方式。
【归纳】
link up 会合；连接；联系
link up with 与……连接/联手
link...to...把……和……连起来
be linked to/with 与……有关联
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
to
(1)The Channel Tunnel links Britain _______ the rest of Europe.
完成句子，每空一词
linked
up
(2)这些乐队已联合起来，准备办一场慈善音乐会。
The bands have ________ ________ for a charity concert.
(3)每个目的地的名字会与另外一个包含着更多细节的文件相
连接。
be
linked
to/with
The name of each destination might _______ _______ ________
another document that contains more details.
5.transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
【典例】
①She helps transform literature into braille to bring the power
of story and knowledge to the hearts and minds of blind readers.她帮
着把文学作品翻译成盲文，把故事和知识的力量带到了盲人读者
的心灵。
②I'm fully aware that it's the experience from my life abroad that
has totally transformed me.我充分地意识到正是我在国外的经历完
全改变了我。
【归纳】
transform sb./sth.(from sth.) into sth.把某人/某物(由……)转化
为……
【拓展】
(1)transformation n.(外观或性质的)改变；变革
(2)transformer n.变压器
【点津】
trans-为常见前缀，意思是“转移；变化”，如：transplant (移
植), transport (运输), transfer (迁移；转移)。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
into
(1)Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking
back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society
________ an industrial power.
完成句子，每空一词
(2)最好的公司可以依靠一个好主意在几年内从萌芽成长为巨
人。
transform
themselves
into
The best companies can take a good idea and use it to _________
__________ from embryos ________ giants in a few years.
1.thanks to 幸亏；由于
【典例】
①We've reached our goal of $50，000, thanks to the generosity
of the public.由于公众的慷慨解囊，我们已经达到了 5 万美元的目
标。
②Thank you for that lovely meal; it was a veritable feast！谢谢
你的那顿美餐，真是一顿名副其实的盛宴！
【拓展】
表示 “ 由于 ” 的短语有： due to, owing to, because of, on
account of, as a result of。
【辨析】
due to 用于较庄重的书面语中，侧重“起因于”，在句中多作
表语，有时作状语。owing to 可以和 due to 换用，但在句中多作状
语，也可作表语。because of 着重说明某种理由，在句中通常作状
语。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
Thanks
owing
(1)________ (thank) for helping my grandmother get to the hotel.
(2)The flight was delayed, ________ (owe) to the bad weather.
完成句子，每空一词
(3)多亏了商品热潮和财政收入的增加，近几年来多国政府才
能顺利挺过经济萧条时期。
Thanks
to
________ ________the commodity boom and rising revenues,
governments in many countries have had an easy time of it in the past
few years.
2.break out (战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)突然开始；爆发
【典例】
①When World War I broke out, he seemed to have become
another man, downhearted.第一次世界大战爆发时他似乎变成了另
一个人，变得非常消沉。
②Our soldiers quickly broke through the enemy's defense works.
我军战士很快突破了敌军的防御工事。
【拓展】
break out of 逃脱；突破；摆脱
break away from 从……挣脱/逃离
break down (谈判)失败；出故障；(身体)垮掉；分解
break in 插话；闯入(行窃)
break off 中断；断开
break through 突破；克服；战胜
break up (关系)破裂；(会议)结束；(团体)散伙
【即学即用】
break
out
完成句子，每空一词
(1)要是他能踩着什么东西就好了，他就能够脱离那个急流了。
If only he could get his feet on something, he were able to
________ ________ of the swift current.
(2)这个年轻人有足够的勇气去打破传统观点。
The young man was courageous enough to ________ ________
from traditional ideas.
break
away
(3)他中断了谈话去接电话。
broke
off
He ________ ________ speaking to answer the telephone.
3.above all 最重要的是；尤其是
【典例】
①She was the apple of his eye and he loved her above all
humanity.她是他的掌上明珠，他爱她胜过一切。
above all things. 他
②They told him it was what they wished
们告诉他，这正是他们最大的心愿。
【归纳】
above all (things)最重要的是；首先是
【拓展】
含有all的其他常用短语：after all (毕竟；终究), in all (总共), all
in all (总而言之), first of all (首先), not at all (一点也不), all but (几
乎；差不多)。
【即学即用】
用 all 的相关短语填空
(1)Learning that you are coming to Beijing Language and
Culture University as an exchange student, I am writing to give you
some suggestions._________________, you'd better learn some basic
Chinese before you come.___________, you will be under completely
unfamiliar circumstances.Secondly, you should be outgoing, active
and confident._______________, you should be optimistic, which can
First of all
After all
Above all
help you adapt to the new surroundings easily.________________,
studying for a degree in a different culture is not easy _____________.
(应用文写作之建议信)
(2)Thanks to your timely and generous help, I managed to handle
the four problems ________________.
All in all
at all
in all
1.It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so
much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(教材 P2)看
起来似乎是这个女人如此喜欢水泵的水以至于她每天都把水运到
她家。
【剖析】 本句中 have sth.done 是常见用法，意为“让某事被
做”。
【典例】
①I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs
taken.我需要一个新护照，所以不得不拍新照片。
②Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have
nutria fur made into clothes in different styles.在新奥尔良和布鲁克
林不同寻常的时装表演上，海狸鼠的皮毛被制成了不同风格的衣
服。
【拓展】
(1)have sb./sth.doing sth.意为“让某人或某物一直做某事”，
在否定句中，尤其与 won't, can't 等连用时，可表示“容忍或允许”
之意。
(2)have sb.do sth.意为“让/使某人做某事”，强调事实。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
examined
cheating
(1)You'd better have your eyes ________ (examine) tomorrow.
(2)As a responsible teacher, he can't have any of his students
________ (cheat) in the exam.
to do
(3)Tell the person you're sorry and explain that you have a
million things________ (do) and then ask if the two of you can talk at
a different time.
2.However, what might have made him such an outstanding
and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other
things, such as music and drawing.(教材 P8)然而，能让他成为如
此杰出而又有创造力的科学家，可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，
比如音乐和绘画。
【剖析】 本句是 what 引导的主语从句，谓语用第三人称单
数形式。
【典例】
①“What I can say for the folks that gave the most, is that they
were full of smiles，” Bridges said.“我能够为给予最多的人们所
说的是他们都充满了微笑。”布里奇斯说。
②What's particularly interesting is the attitudes various cities
have toward Dubanchet's cause.特别有趣的是各个城市对杜班切特
事件的态度。
【辨析】
that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不充当任何成分，也没有
任何含义；而 what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定
的句子成分。如：
It's a shame that he has made such a mistake.
I'll do what I can (do) to help him.
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is
down to $20, half of ________ it used to charge.
(2)This is ________ my father has taught me—to always face
difficulties and hope for the best.
what
what
What
is
that
完成句子，每空一词
(3)这所学校出名的是超过 90%的学生都被大学录取了。
________ makes the school famous ________ ________ more
than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities.
I am sorry to have your dictionary lost on my way home.
【句型升级】
1.我非常抱歉，在回家的路上弄丢了你的词典。(have sth.done)
____________________________________________________
2.I was so ashamed that I couldn't sleep well at night.(改为 so...
that 的倒装句)
____________________________________________________
So ashamed was I that I couldn't sleep well at night.
3.I would feel comfortable until I got the dictionary back.(改为
not...until 的强调句型)
____________________________________________________
____________________
4.The self-study room is such an appealing place that many
students will gather there to further improve their learning level.(用 so
＋adj.＋a/an＋n.＋that 改写句子)
________________________________________ many students
will gather there to further improve their learning level.
It was not until I got the dictionary back that I would feel
comfortable.
The self-study room is so appealing a place that
5.The words he said made us believe that he was a generous
man.(用主语从句改写句子，每空一词)
________ ________ ________ made us believe that he was a
generous man.
What
he
said
【语篇写作】
应用文写作
像屠呦呦这样的科学家为社会的发展做出了巨大贡献，校学
生会倡议全体学生向她学习，立志做一个对社会有用的人。请你
代表校学生会写一封倡议信，要点如下：
1.介绍屠呦呦的主要成就；
2.提倡学生学习她身上优秀的精神品质；
3.树立远大理想，做一个对社会有用的人。
注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：青蒿素 artemisinin 疟疾 malaria
Dear students，
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Dear students，
As we all know, such scientists as Tu Youyou have made great
contributions to our country.They set a good example to us.And we
should learn from them.
Tu Youyou, awarded the Nobel Medicine Prize, along with her
research team, made the discovery of artemisinin, which is a crucial
new treatment for malaria, thus greatly improving the health of
millions of people.Besides, she shows many good qualities.For
example, she is committed and patient.Even in the face of failure, she
never loses hope and gives up.All these contribute to her success.
In conclusion, she is an admirable scientist and I hope she can
inspire us to set big goals and achieve a lot some day like her.

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