资源简介

（2）Unit 2 Natural disasters—高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第三册期末易错题集训
一、易错点分析
1. the moment/minute/second/instant +从句
名词短语the moment/minute/second/instant可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as，意为"一……就……"。
Every day my mother sets about her housework the moment she returns from work.
每天我妈妈一下班回来就开始做家务。
MI recognized him the instant I saw him.
我一见到他就认出他来了。
表示“一……就……”的其他表达：
as soon as+句子
immediately/instantly +句子
hardly/scarcely...when...（主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时）
no sooner...than...（主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时）on/upon + v-ing/n.
Written for children, the book became popular with parents immediately it came out.
这本书是为孩子写的，一出版就深受父母欢迎。
We were all struck by the beautiful scenes of Shangri-La upon arrival.
一到达香格里拉，我们都被那里的美景迷住了。
注意：
如果no sooner，hardly/scarcely位于句首，其所在的主句要使用部分倒装。
No sooner had we reached the seaside than we sat in a circle and started our picnic.
我们一到海边就围成一圈开始野餐。
Hardly/Scarcely had we begun our walk when it began to rain.
我们刚刚开始散步就下起雨来了。
2. though 引导的让步状语从句
though意为“虽然，尽管”，用来引导让步状语从句时，从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。
用倒装语序时，作表语的名词或形容词要提前，且可数名词单数前的冠词要省略。though不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still等连用。though引导让步状语从句时通常可以和although互换。
Young though he is, he is quite experienced. 他虽然年轻,但很有经验。
Child though he is, he has had a good command of English.
他虽然是个孩子，但已经精通英语。
Though/Although it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。
对比：他虽然年纪很大了，但身体很健壮。
【误】Though/Although he is very old, but he is quite strong.
【正】Though/Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.
注意：
although引导让步状语从句时，多位于句首，且从句用正常语序。
Although he was tired, he still kept on working.
二、语法填空
1. As soon as they landed, he bent his bow and fitted an arrow_______case any hidden guard of the boat appeared.
2. Your uncle will come to see you as soon as he___________ (arrive) here.
3. The moment she left the market, she found herself_______ (cheat).
4. For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting your _____(biology) block to the destination's time.
5. Even _________ you are right, you should not have been so rude.
6. Child______ he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.
7. ______ I can't help admiring the man's courage, I do not approve of his methods.
8. I will not lose courage even _________ I should fail ten times.
9. ______ ChatGPT is a useful tool for searching information, it cannot think on its own.
10. Hot _____ the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.
三、阅读理解
Many think that language is what sets humans apart from other animals, and believe that to think, we need language. British philosopher Bertrand Russell even reported in 1948 that no intelligent thinking can take place without language. However, a recent Nature study suggests otherwise. It found that language and thought are two distinct entities (实体), working in separate parts of the brain. They are, in short, “far more independent than we imagined”, wrote ZME Science.
The study, conducted by scientists from the US, explored the language-thought relationship, using two research methods. First, they studied people with global aphasia (全失语症), who have lost much of their ability to understand or speak due to damage to the left side of their brain. However, they can still finish complex tasks. “You can ask people with global aphasia to solve math problems or perform social reasoning tests, and as long as the instructions are non-verbal (非语言的), they can succeed,” Evelina Fedorenko, one of the study’s authors at the US Massachusetts Institute of Technology, told ZME Science.
The researchers also used brain-imaging (脑成像) tools to study the brains of healthy volunteers performing non-verbal tasks, like solving puzzles and planning. They found that the brain’s language areas were mostly inactive during-such activities. In other words, we generally need language to express our thoughts but we can still think without words.
So, if language isn’t necessary for thinking, then why did humans develop it Fedorenko said language serves mainly as a tool for communication. “Among most of the things that you learned about the world, you learned through language and not through direct experience with the world,” she said. By being able to share complex information through language, humans gained an evolutionary advantage.
Although language does not give rise to thoughts, past research shows that how we speak can heavily influence how we think. For example, the English phrase “he fired the gun” is usually understood as “the gun went off” in Japanese. As a result, English speakers are more likely to focus on the person responsible for an accident than Japanese speakers, according to Psychology Today.
1.What does the underlined word “distinct” mean
A. Different. B. Dependent. C. Exact. D. Similar.
2.What can be learnt about the people with “global aphasia”
A. They have lost all their ability to talk.
B. They behave inactively during physical activities.
C. They can carry out social reasoning tests following nonverbal directions.
D. They can perform better in solving math problems than healthy people.
3.Why is language needed according to the text
A. It makes human thinking possible.
B. It benefits people to gain experience.
C. It serves as the only tool for human learning.
D. It enables information to be understood by humans.
4.What does the text mainly talk about
A. Language shapes the way we think.
B. Humans can think independently of language.
C. Language and thought are completely related.
D. Humans can live without thinking and language.
四、七选五
Food waste is a major issue in agriculture and in homes. If you grow your own food, the last thing you want is to let your hard work go to waste. ① _________ It begins with the plants you choose, and goes right through to preservation (保存) of your harvests. Here are some tips for you.
When planning a food-producing garden, it’s very important to choose the right plants for the right places. Waste is far more likely to happen if you are growing plants that are not suited to the climate, soil, and growing conditions. ② _________ Make sure they do not just provide food today, but can also adapt to the changing climate. If you make the right plant choices, you are likely to get a good harvest.
Sometimes cooperation is key. People may often have more seeds (种子) than they really need, particularly in small gardens. However, seeds are usually only viable (能存活的) for a certain length of time. ③ _________ And you can also share skills and knowledge with each other.
④ _________ You might, for example, grow some strawberries inside a greenhouse, with others outdoors. Those grown under cover will typically be ready to harvest a little earlier. Or you can grow different varieties of plants.
Once you have grown your crops, it is important to be ready to preserve what needs to be preserved. This can happen in a range of different ways. You can freeze, pickle (腌制), or can a wide range of garden produce. ⑤ _________
A. Communities can come together to harvest crops.
B. Many common weeds or flowers can be sources of food.
C. Preventing food waste in the garden is a long term process.
D. So think about how you can create good systems in your garden.
E. Sharing them between households can avoid wasting their potential.
F. Make sure you know how to do so properly when harvest time comes.
G. Scheduling different harvest periods for certain crops can help avoid waste.
答案以及解析
二、语法填空
1.答案：in
解析：考查状语从句。句意为:他们一登陆,他就弯弓搭箭,以防船上有隐藏的守卫出现。in case是固定短语,意为“万一,以防”,根据句意可知,空格处引导目的状语从句,应用in case引导。故填in。
2.答案：arrives
解析：考查一般现在时。句意：你叔叔一到这里就会来看你。根据“Your uncle will come to see you”可知，主句中使用一般将来时，所以as soon as引导的时间状语从句中应用一般现在时表将来。主语he为第三人称单数。故填arrives。
3.答案：cheated
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意:她一离开市场就发现自己被骗了。本句考查"find +宾语+宾补"结构,cheat与 herself之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词形式作宾补。
4.答案：biological
解析：句意:例如,你一上飞机,就开始根据目的地的时间调整你的生物钟。此处修饰后面的名词block,用形容词作定语。
5.答案：if/though
解析：考查让步状语从句。句意：即使你是对的，你也不应该那么粗鲁。分析句子结构可知，even if/though，意为“即使，虽然”，引导让步状语从句。故填if/though。
6.答案：as/though
解析：分析句子结构可知, 此处是让步状语从句的倒装形式,其结构为 “ n./adj. /adv.+ as/though +主语 +谓语”,当名词提前时,该名词前的冠词应省略,因此从句可还原为 as/though he is a child,意为“尽管他是个孩子”。故填 as/ though
7.答案：Although/Though/While
解析：句意为: 尽管我情不自禁地佩服起这个人的勇气, 但是我并不赞同他的方法。结合逗号前后的内容可知, 设空处引导让步状语从句, 故填 Although/ Though/While。
8.答案： if/though
解析：考查连词。句意：即使失败十次，我也不会失去勇气。even though/if为复合连词，意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句，根据句意，故填though/if。
9.答案：Although/Though/While
解析：考查让步状语从句。逗号前内容意为:ChatGPT是查找信息的有用工具。逗号后内容意为:它不能自己思考。前后内容之间存在明显的转折或让步关系,且逗号后没有给出连词,所以考虑设空处引导让步状语从句,故填Although、Though或While。
10.答案：as/though
解析：句意为:虽然晚上很热,我们还是睡得很沉,因为长途跋涉之后我们太累了。分析句子结构可知,此处为让步状语从句的倒装结构,应用as/though引导该从句。although引导的让步状语从句不可用于倒装结构。
三、阅读理解
1.答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段“It found that language and thought are two distinct entities (实体), working in separate parts of the brain. They are, in short, “far more independent than we imagined”, wrote ZME Science. (研究发现，语言和思维是两个distinct实体，在大脑的不同部位工作。简而言之，它们“比我们想象的要独立得多”，ZME Science写道)”可知，语言和思维是互相独立的，也就是二者并不相同。由此可知，划线词distinct意为“不同的”。故选A项。
2.答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“You can ask people with global aphasia to solve math problems or perform social reasoning tests, and as long as the instructions are non-verbal (非语言的), they can succeed. (你可以要求患有全失语症的人解决数学问题或进行社会推理测试，只要指导是非语言的，他们就能成功)”可知，患有全失语症的人可以在非语言指导下完成社会推理测试。故选C项。
3.答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“Fedorenko said language serves mainly as a tool for communication. By being able to share complex information through language, humans gained an evolutionary advantage. (Fedorenko说，语言主要是一种交流工具。通过语言分享复杂信息，人类获得了进化优势)”可推知，语言的主要作用是帮助人们理解和交流信息。故选D项。
4.答案：B
解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“It found that language and thought are two distinct entities(实体), working in separate parts of the brain. They are, in short, “far more independent than we imagined”, wrote ZME Science. (研究发现，语言和思维是两个不同的实体，在大脑的不同部位工作。简而言之，它们“比我们想象的要独立得多”，ZME Science写道)”可知，文章主要探讨了语言和思维之间的关系，特别是语言是不是人类进行思考的必要条件。由此可知，本文主要讲述了人类可以在没有语言的情况下独立思考。故选B项。
四、七选五
答案：①-⑤CDEGF
解析：①语境衔接题。根据上文If you grow your own food, the last thing you want is to let your hard work go to waste.(如果你自己种食物，你最不想要的就是让你的辛勤劳动付诸东流)可知，自己种植食物时不想要食物浪费，结合下文It begins with the plants you choose, and goes right through top reservation(保存)of your harvests.(它从你选择的植物开始，一直到保存你的收成)可知，防止食物浪费是一个长期的过程，C. Preventing food waste in the garden is a long term process."防止菜园里的食物浪费是一个长期的过程"符合语境，故选C。
②语境衔接题。上文Waste is far more likely to happen if you are growing plants that are not suited to the climate, soil, and growing conditions.(如果你种植的植物不适合当地的气候、土壤和生长条件，那么浪费就更有可能发生)提到容易发生食物浪费的情况，结合下文Make sure they do not just provide food today, but can also adapt to the changing climate.(确保它们不仅能提供食物，还能适应不断变化的气候)可知，空处以及下文应是关于防止发生食物浪费的情况，D. So think about how you can create good systems in your garden."所以想想如何在你的花园中创建好的系统“符合语境，下文they指代选项中的systems。故选D。
③语境衔接题。上文People may often have more seeds(种子)than they really need, particularly in small gardens. However, seeds are usually only viable(能存活的)for a certain length of time.(人们可能经常拥有比他们真正需要的更多的种子，特别是在小花园里。然而，种子通常只能存活一段时间)提到，种子数量多且存活时间短的问题，结合下文And you can also share skills and knowledge with each other.(你们也可以互相分享技能和知识)中的关键提示"also share"可知，空处是关于分享多出的种子，E. Sharing them between households can avoid wasting their potential."在家庭之间共享它们可以避免浪费它们的潜力"符合语境，故选E。
④段落大意题。根据本段内容You might, for example, grow some strawberries inside a greenhouse, with others outdoors. Those grown under cover will typically be ready to harvest a little earlier. Or you can grow different varieties of plants.(例如，你可以在温室里种一些草莓，在室外种一些。那些在掩蔽下生长的植物通常会提前一点准备好收获。或者你可以种植不同种类的植物)可知，本段主要讲想办法让植物的收获时间不一样，通过这样的方式来避免浪费，G. Scheduling different harvest periods for certain crops can help avoid waste."为某些作物安排不同的收获期可以帮助避免浪费"符合语境，故选G。
⑤联系上文题。根据本段首句Once you have grown your crops, it is important to be ready to preserve what needs to be preserved.(一旦你种植了作物，重要的是要准备好保存需要保存的东西)以及空前You can freeze, pickle(腌制),or can a wide range of garden produce.(你可以冷冻，腌制，或者可以制作各种各样的菜园产品)可知，本段是说收获后要好好保存，空前提到了一些保存的方法，F. Make sure you know how to do so properly when harvest time comes."当收获季节到来的时候，确保你知道如何正确地这样做“符合语境，故选F。

展开更多......

收起↑