人教版英语七年级下册期末复习:重要考点讲义 练习题(含答案)

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人教版英语七年级下册期末复习:重要考点讲义 练习题(含答案)

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人教版英语七年级下册期末复习:重要考点讲义+练习题
考点
一、take care of的用法
意为“照顾;处理”,强调对人或事物的责任和关爱。同义短语为look after。
例:My mother is ill. I have to take care of/look after her at home. 我妈妈病了,我必须在家照顾她。
提示:表示“好好照顾”用take good care of或look after well。
例:We should take good care of ourselves. = We should look after ourselves well. 我们应该好好照顾自己。
拓展:take care意为“当心;小心”,相当于be careful或look out,用于提醒注意安全等情况,后不接宾语。
例:Look out/Be careful/Take care! There's a car coming. 小心!有辆车来了。
二、Let's go and see them. 让我们去看看它们吧。
let's 是let us的缩写,意为“让我们”“咱们”,其后接动词原形,是提建议的句型,即“Let's do sth”,意为“让我们去做……吧”。常用答语为“OK/All right/Good idea./That sounds good.”。
例:—Let's play basketball. 让我们打篮球吧。
—Good idea. 好主意。
例:—Let's go to a Chinese restaurant. 让我们去一家中国餐馆吧。
—All right. 好吧。
提示:let引导的祈使句,其否定形式可以在let前加don't,也可在let后名词/代词的后面加not。
辨析:let's 与 let us
let's 包括对方在内 用 shall we Let's go to school. 让我们去上学吧。
let us 不包括对方在内 用 will you Let us go. 让我们走吧。 (请求对方让我们走,而不是我们和对方一起走)
三、Where are they from 它们来自哪里?
be from 意为“来自”,相当于come from。表示某人的籍贯、来源地或某物的产地,后接地点名词(如国家、城市、地区等)。主语 + be 动词(am/is/are)+from + 地点.
例:He is from Africa. = He comes from Africa. 他来自非洲。
拓展:辨析 be from 与 come from 两者均表示“来自”,后接地点名词(如国家、城市等),可互换使用。
区别点 be from come from
词性 be动词短语(be为连系动词) 实义动词短语(come为实义动词)
肯定句结构 主语+be+from+地点 主语+come (s) + from + 地点
否定句 直接在be后加not 需借助助动词 do/does + not
一般疑问句 将be动词提前至句首 需借助助动词 do/does 开头
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+be+主语+from+地点 特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+come+from+地点
四、save的用法
动词,意为“救;储蓄;保存”,可直接接宾语(名词/代词/动名词)。
例:The doctor managed to save the patient’s life. 医生设法挽救了病人的生命。
拓展:
1.拯救;挽救
结构:save + 人 / 物(from sth.)
例:They saved the animals from the fire. 他们把动物从火灾中救了出来。
2.节省;节约
搭配:save time/money/energy 节省时间 / 金钱 / 精力
save sb. from doing sth. 使某人免于做某事
例:Taking the bus can save money. 坐公交能省钱。
3.保存;储存
搭配:save sth. (to/on sth.) 把某物保存到某处
save as 另存为(计算机用语)
例:Can you save these photos to the cloud 你能把这些照片存到云端吗?
4.储蓄;攒钱
搭配:save (up) for sth. 为某事存钱
例:She’s saving up for a new car. 她在攒钱买新车。
四、huge的用法
形容词,可在句中做表语或定语。
例:He raises a huge dog at home. 他在家养了一条大狗。
辨析:huge, large, big与great
含义 例句
huge “巨大的”,强调尺寸、数量或程度,而非重量 It's exactly like a huge fan. 它确实像一个巨大的扇子。
large “大的”,多指面积范围大 China is a large and beautiful country. 中国是一个幅员辽阔的美丽的国家。
big “大的”,多指体积大,还表示“巨大、伟大、重要”等 The elephant is very big. 这只大象非常大。
great “伟大的;重大的”,一般指抽象的程度 He was a great scientist. 他是一位伟大的科学家。
五、pick 的用法
用作动词时,意为“捡;摘”,常和up 搭配。
例:Can you pick the book up 你能把这本书捡起来吗?
They are picking apples. 他们正在摘苹果。
六、danger 的用法
名词,意为“危险”。反义词safe(形容词,意为“安全的”);safety(名词,意为“安全;平安”)
例:The doctor says, “He is out of danger now.” 医生说:“他现在已脱离危险。”
搭配:be in (great) danger 意为“处于(极大)危险之中”。
例:We must save the animals in great danger. 我们必须挽救处于极大危险之中的动物。
拓展:dangerous 形容词,意为“危险的”,其反义词为safe,意为“安全的”。
七、cut down 的用法
意为“砍伐;减少”。属于“动词+副词”型短语动词。名词做宾语可置于down的前面或后面;而人称代词做宾语必须置于down前。
例:They cut down the big tree. 他们把这棵大树砍倒了。
拓展:cut up 切碎 cut off 切断 cut out 剪下;删除
八、Let's save the forests and not buy things made of ivory. 让我们拯救森林并且不买象牙制品。
这里made为make的过去分词,made of ivory 为过去分词短语做后置定语,修饰名词things。
made of 意为“由…制成的”,用于表示制成品在原材料的基础上,仅发生了物理变化,原材料的本质特征仍可辨认。
例:They are usually made of wood. 它们通常是用木材做的。
九、friendly 的用法
形容词,意为“友好的”。反义词是unfriendly,意为“不友好的”。
例:Chinese people are very friendly. 中国人民非常友好。
搭配:be friendly to 对…友好 be friendly with sb.和某人关系好;与某人和睦相处
例:My friends are very friendly to me. 我的朋友们对我很友好。
拓展:unfriendly 形容词,意为“不友好的”,为friendly的反义词。
注意:“friendly”虽然以-ly结尾,但它是形容词,不是副词,不要将其与副词混淆使用。在使用其搭配时,要注意介词的正确选择,根据语境准确表达“对某人友好”“和某人关系好”等不同含义。
十、late的用法
(1)副词。“晚;迟”
go to bed late 上床睡觉晚; get up late 起得晚
(2)形容词,“晚的;迟的;迟到;迟发生”
You are half an hour late. 你迟到了半小时
(3)late for 迟到
He is never late for work. 他上班从不迟到。
十一、arrive的用法
“到达”,不及物动词。后跟宾语时,要加介词。
arrive+in+大地点 例:arrive in Jinan. 到达济南
arrive+at+小地点 例:arrive at the bus stop.到达公共汽车站。
提示:arrive 后若为地点副词here,there.home时,则不需要加介词。
搭配:arrive home 到家;arrive here 到这儿
辨析:get to 和arrive
用法说明 例句
get to get to表示“到达”,之后接地点名词。 I get to school at 7:30 every day, and I get home at 5:00 in the afternoon. 我每天七点半到学校,下午五点到家。
arrive arrive是不及物动词,后面不能直接跟宾语,必须加上介词in或者at,然后才跟地点名词,in后面跟大地点,at后面跟小地点。 Do you know what time the plane will arrive in Beijing 你知道飞机什么时候将抵达北京吗? They arrived at the station at 8:00 this morning. 他们是今天早晨八点到达车站的。
补充 若其后为地点副词,则不需要加介词。 例:get there/here/home,arrive there/here/home
十二、I can lend you my pen. 我可以借给你我的钢笔。
lend sb sth = lend sth to sb 意为“借给某人某物”。
例:She’s crazy to lend him the money. 她把钱借给他,真不理智。
辨析:borrow,lend与keep
含义及用法 例句
borrow 表示“借入”,即说话人向别人借东西供自己用,常用于borrow sth from sb/somewhere 结构中,为终止性动词 —Can I borrow this book 我可以借这本书吗? —Yes, but you mustn’t lend it to others.可以,但你不许借给别人。
lend 表示“借出”,即说话人把自己的东西借给别人用,常用于lend sth to sb或lend sb sth结构中,也是终止性动词
keep 本意为“保存;保留”,引申为“借用”,可以和表示一段时间的时间状语及how long等连用 —How long may I keep this book 这本书我可以借多长时间? —Two weeks. 两周。
十三、bring 的用法
动词,意为“带来;取来”。
例:Bring her to my home tomorrow. 明天把她带到我家来。
辨析:bring与take
含义 用法 例句
bring 带来;取来 指由远而近从别处将某物或某人带到说话者这里来 Don't forget to bring your new book here. 别忘了把你的新书带到这里来。
take 拿走;带走 指由近到远把某人或某物从说话者身边 “拿走” 或 “带走” Please take the chair to the classroom. 请把椅子拿到教室去。
十四、turn off 的用法
意为“关掉 (水、电或煤气)”,其反义词组为turn on“打开”。
例:Turn off the light before you leave. 你离开之前请把灯关上。
拓展相关短语:turn up“把…调大”;turn down“把…调小”。
十五、hang的用法
动词,意为“逗留;徘徊;悬挂”,过去式形式为hung。
例:Don't hang outside the door. Please come in. 不要在门外逗留,请进来。
I hung the washing clothes in the garden yesterday. 昨天我把洗好的衣物挂在庭园里。
固定短语 hang out意为“闲逛;常去某处”。
例:He is hanging out on Green Street. 他正在格林大街闲逛。
十六、either的用法
用作副词,常用于否定句中,意为“也”,通常置于句末。
例:I don't like the red shirt and I don't like the green one either.
我不喜欢这件红衬衫,也不喜欢这件绿衬衫。
拓展:either代词,意为“(两者之中)任一,任何一个”。在句中做主语时,谓语动词用单数;形容词either做定语,只能修饰单数名词。
例:Either of the books is popular with the students. 两本书随便哪一本都受学生欢迎。
You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。
十七、advice 的用法
意为“建议;意见”,为不可数名词,若要表示数量,需借助单位词piece。
例:two pieces of advice 两条建议。
拓展:advise 动词,意为“劝告;建议”。常用短语advise sb (not) to do sth 意为“劝某人(不)做某事”。
例:I advise you to start at once. 我劝你立刻出发。
十八、how often的用法
常用于对“频率”提问,意为“多长时间一次”,其答语通常是once a week、three times a month、sometimes等表示频率的副词及短语。
例:—How often do you go to see your grandparents 你多久去看一次你的祖父母?
—Twice a month. 一个月两次。
辨析:how often, how long与how soon
含义及用法 例句
how often 用于对做某事的频率提问,意为 “多长时间一次或每隔多久”。回答一般是twice a year, three times a week 等表示频率的副词及短语 —How often does your sister go to the club 你妹妹多久去一次俱乐部? —Once a week.一星期一次。
how long 表示“时间多久或物体多长”。回答一般是时间段或具体长度。例:for three days、three years等 —How long have you stayed here 你在这里待多久了? —For two days. 两天了。
how soon 表示“多久之后”,侧重某事能多快完成。回答一般为 “in + 时间段”,例如:in two days等 —How soon will you be back 你多久回来? —In two days. 两天后
十八、hardly ever的用法
频度副词,意为“几乎从不”“很少”,相当于almost never。
例:He hardly ever goes to bed before eleven o’clock. 他很少在11点前上床睡觉。
提示:hardly为程度副词,本身具有否定意义,不能再使用其他否定词。因此其附加疑问句的疑问部分应该用肯定形式。
例:He can hardly undertand it,can he 他几乎听不懂,不是吗?
十九、maybe的用法
副词,意为“也许;大概”,在句中做状语,相当于perhaps。
例:Maybe/Perhaps she’ll come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。
辨析:maybe与may be
词性及含义 用法示例
maybe 副词,意为“也许;大概”,做状语 也许他生气了。①Maybe he is angry.
may be “情态动词+ be”构成谓语,意为“也许是;可能是” 他也许是生气了。②He may be angry.
二十、excuse me 的用法
意为“劳驾;请原谅”,多用于向对方提出请求、询问情况、打扰他人等场合,以向对方表示歉意或礼貌。
例:Excuse me, are you Li Lei 请问,你是李雷吗?
辨析:excuse me与sorry
用法场景 例句
excuse me 常用于事前请他人帮忙或会打搅到别人的情况 —Excuse me, do you know Mary 打扰一下,你知道玛丽吗? —Sorry, I don't know. 对不起,我不知道。
sorry 一般用于事后对所犯错误或不能满足对方要求等表示歉意
二十、encourage 的用法
动词,意为“鼓励;激励”,常用结构为“encourage sb to do sth”或“encourage sb in sth”,意为“鼓励某人做某事”。
例:Her parents encouraged her in her studies. 她父母鼓励她用功学习。
The doctor encouraged him to lose weight. 医生鼓励他减肥。
二十一、succeed的用法
不及物动词,意为“成功;达到目标”,其后常跟in (doing) sth。
例:Our plan succeeded! 我们的计划成功了!
I hope you will succeed in your work. 我希望你们的工作会取得成功。
He succeeded in finding work last year. 去年他成功找到了工作。
拓展:
(1) success名词,意为“成功;成就”。
He has had great success. 他取得了巨大的成功。
(2) successful形容词,意为“成功的”。
I think he's a successful businessman. 我认为他是一位成功的商人。
(3) successfully副词,意为“成功地;顺利地”。
At last he passed the exam successfully. 最后他成功地通过了考试。
二十二、work out的用法
意为“锻炼”。另外work out还有“成功地发展;解决”之意,是“动词+副词”型短语动词,名词做宾语时,名词可置于work out中间,也可置于out后面;人称代词做宾语时,只能置于work out中间。
例:The maths problem is so easy. Can't you work it out 这道数学题很容易,难道你做不出来?
二十三、would like 的用法
意为“想要;愿意”,相当于want,常用来征求对方的意见或建议,用在句中表示一种委婉语气。
例:—Would you like some tea 你想喝点茶吗?
—Yes, please. 好的。/No, thanks. 不用,谢谢。
拓展:would like to do sth 意为“愿意做某事”。
例:I would like to visit my grandparents. 我想去看望我的爷爷奶奶。
二十四、what about 的用法
“What about... ”意为“……怎么样?”,是一种固定句型,用于向对方询问前面已经提到过的事情,也可用来表示征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议。about为介词,其后跟名词短语、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语。
+名词:I'm fine. What about your father 我很好,你爸爸怎么样?
+代词:I like apples. What about you 我喜欢苹果,你呢?
+动词-ing 形式:What about going shopping today 今天去购物怎么样?
拓展:What about... 也可以替换成 How about...
二十五、taste的用法
做动词时,意为“有…味道;尝”,后跟形容词做表语,不能跟副词。做名词时,意为“味道”。
例:I like it very much. It tastes good. 我非常喜欢它。它尝起来非常好吃。
二十六、anything的用法
不定代词,意为“某事物;任何事情”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,在肯定句中常用something。
例:I can't see anything in the box. 我看不到盒子里有任何东西。
Do you see anything interesting 你看到一些有趣的东西了吗?
表示物的不定代词:something、anything、nothing、everything
表示人的不定代词:somebody、anybody、nobody、everybody
二十七、put on 的用法
含义 用法及示例
穿上;戴上 后接衣物、饰品等名词:She put on a beautiful necklace.
增加(体重、速度等) 后接表示体重、速度等的名词:He has put on five kilograms since last year.
上演;举办 后接演出、展览等名词:The school is going to put on a play next week.
假装;装出 后接某种表情或态度等的名词:He put on an air of indifference.
二十八、too...to 的用法
“too +形容词或副 + to + 动词原形”意为“太…以至于不能”,该句型在形式上是肯定结构,但表达的却是否定意义。
例:The room is too small to live in. 这房子太小,住不下。
This problem is too hard for me to work out. 这个问题对我来说太难了,我算不出来。
二十九、common 的用法
意为“共同的;普遍的”。
例:This kind of mistake is very common among students. 这种错误在学生中很常见。
搭配:have...in common 意为“有相同特征;(想法、兴趣等方面)相同”。 例:They have much in common.
in common意为“共同;共有”。 例:We have many interests in common.
三十、instead 的用法
副词,意为“反而;代替”。
例:He is tired. Let me do it instead. 他累了,让我代做吧。
辨析:instead 和 instead of
词性及含义 用法示例
instead 副词,意为“反而;代替”。位于句首或句末 You're busy. We have to ask Zhang Li instead. 你太忙了,我们只好请张莉代替了。 I didn't help you. Instead, you gave me too much help. 我没帮你什么,反倒是你对我帮助很大。
instead of 短语介词,意为“而不是;代替”。用于连接代词、名词或动词-ing 形式,位于句中 I came instead of my brother.我替我兄弟来了。 Mr Lin walked to school instead of taking a bus. 林老师走着去了学校,没有坐公共汽车。
三十一、among 的用法
表示“在…中;…之一”,用于三者或三者以上。
例:She is very popular among her classmates. 她在同学中很受欢迎。
辨析:between 与 among
含义 例句
between 表示同类的两个人或物之间 There is a table between the two beds. 在两张床之间有一张桌子。
among 表示三者或三者以上的人或物之间 The teacher is standing among the students. 老师正站在学生中间。
三十二、all kinds of 的用法
意为“各种各样的”,后一般接可数名词复数或者不可数名词。
例:You can buy drinks, vegetables, fruit and all kinds of food. 你能买到饮料、蔬菜、水果和各种食物。
联想:a kind of 一种;different kinds of 不同种类的
三十三、right now 的用法
意为“现在;立刻”。用于描述当前正在发生的事情,与现在进行时态搭配较为常见。
例:It’s evening here right now. 现在这里是晚上。
三十四、work on 的用法
意为“做;从事”。
例:The builders are still working on the house. 建筑工人们仍在造房子。
提示:work on 是“动词 + 介词”型短语动词,后跟宾语时无论是名词还是人称代词,都要放在后面。
例:He likes his job, and he has worked on it for long. 他喜欢自己的工作,并且从事这行很久了。
三十五、voice 的用法
名词,意为 “嗓音;声音”。
例:The man shouted at the top of his voice. 那个人高声喊叫。
常用短语:in a high/low voice 高/低声地;lose one’s voice 嗓子哑了;
at the top of one’s voice 某人高声喊,使劲喊
辨析:sound,voice 与noise
含义 例句
sound “声音”,大自然的任何 “声音”都可以用sound At midnight, he heard a strange sound. 半夜,他听到一种奇怪的声音。
voice “嗓音”,指说话声、歌唱声、电台声音、鸟叫声等 The girl has a beautiful voice. 那女孩嗓音很美。
noise “噪声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声 The noise of traffic kept him awake. 车辆的噪声使他睡不着。
三十六、race 的用法
名词,意为 “比赛;竞赛”。例:a 100-metre race(一百米赛 )
辨析:race 与 game
含义 示例
race 意为“比赛;竞赛”,主要用于赛跑、赛马(车、船等)等侧重于速度方面的比赛,指从起点到终点的竞赛 a horse race 赛马 a 10-kilometre race 10千米赛跑
game 意为“游戏;运动;比赛”,通常指为了娱乐而运动,根据某种规则进行的具体表演,或指以比赛胜负为主的运动。不管是户内或户外,脑力或体力的比赛,都可叫game a football game 足球比赛 a basketball game 篮球比赛 the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会
三十七、rush 的用法
做动词或名词,意为“冲;奔”。
例:There is no need to rush. We still have enough time. 没必要太急促,我们还有足够的时间。
辨析:rush 与 hurry
含义及特点 例句
rush 多指行动勇猛或某种紧急状态下的“匆忙”,含有不顾及伴随这种鲁莽行动的后果的意味 A dog rushed to the stranger and bit his leg. 一条狗冲向这个陌生人,并咬了他的腿。
hurry 是一般用语,常含 “动作慌忙” 之意 The man hurried to his seat. 这名男子急急忙忙奔向他的座位。
三十八、such as 的用法
意为“例如”,表示举例,相当于 for example。
例:The farmer feeds all kinds of animals, such as cows, sheep and chickens.
这个农民养了各种各样的动物,例如牛、羊和鸡。
辨析:such as 与 for example
用法特点 例句
such as 列举同类人或物中的几个例子,通常位于句中 China has many big cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen and so on. 中国有许多大城市,比如北京、上海、深圳等。
for example 一般只举同类人或物中的“一个” 为例,作插入语,用逗号隔开,可置于句首、句中、句末。 Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution. 举例说明,噪声就是一种污染。
三十九、pick up 的用法
含义 例句
搭载;(开车) 接人 My father picks me up after school. 我爸爸在我放学后来接我。
捡起;拿起;举起 He picks up the book from the floor. 他从地上捡起书。
接收(信号、声音、图像等);听到 —Was there anything new in today’s news broadcast 今天的新闻广播节目有什么新的消息吗? —Sorry, I didn’t pick it up. 对不起,我没有收听。
四十、take part in 的用法
意为“参加;参与”,后面接表示活动、事件、竞赛等的名词。
固定搭配:take part in a party 参加派对
辨析:join与take part in
含义及用法 例句
join 指加入某个党派、团体组织等,成为其成员之一,意为“参军;入团;入党”等 She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。
take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用 We'll take part in social practice during the summer vacation. 暑假期间我们将参加社会实践。
四十一、tour 的用法
名词,意为“旅行;旅游”。
例:They want to go on a tour around the world. 他们想要去周游世界。
拓展:
(1) tour 可做动词,意为“旅行;旅游”。
We are touring Italy for our holidays this year. 今年假期我们要去意大利旅行。
(2) tourist 名词,意为 “旅行者;观光者”。
There are a lot of tourists coming here for vacation. 有许多观光者来这儿度假。
(3) touristy 形容词,意为 “游客多的”。
Beijing is a touristy and fascinating city. 北京是一个游客众多,非常吸引人的城市。
辨析:tour,travel与trip
含义及用法 例句
tour 做动词或名词,意为 “旅游;观光;巡视”。通常指观光、视察、商业旅行、蜜月旅行等 We spent four weeks touring around China. 我们花了四个星期周游中国。
travel 可做动词或名词,意为“旅行;游历”。一般指到国外或远方旅行,不着重某一目的地 He travels the whole Europe. 他在整个欧洲旅行。
trip 做名词,意为“旅行”。指陆路、水陆旅行,往往指“包括回程”的短距离的旅行;可指从事业务、游览性质的旅行。 We are planning a trip to Shanghai. 我们正计划去上海旅游。
四十二、What’s the weather like 天气怎么样?
本句是询问天气的常用句型,后可接时间和地点。询问天气如何,英语中最常见的句式有两种,分别为“What’s the weather like ”和“How’s the weather ”。回答时用“It’s + 描述天气的形容词”或“It’s +动词-ing形式”。
例:—How’s the weather today 今天的天气怎么样?
—It’s cloudy. 多云。
—What’s the weather like today 今天天气怎么样?
—It’s snowing. 在下雪。
四十三、south的用法
形容词,意为“南方的;南部的”。它还可以做名词,意为“南部;南;南方”。
South China 华南,形容词
Guangzhou is in the south of China. 广州位于中国的南部。
拓展:north (N)北部;北;北方;south (S)南部;南;南方
east (E)东部;东;东方;west (W)西部;西;西方
四十四、That sounds amazing. 那听起来真是令人惊叹。
“It/That sounds +形容词”意为“听起来/听上去…”。sound为连系动词,意为“听起来”,后跟形容词做表语。
例:That sounds great. 那听起来太好了。
四十五、some day的用法
some day意为“将来;有朝一日”,在句中可做时间状语,通常置于句首或句末。常与一般将来时连用,表示对未来的期望或预测。
例:I believe that we will meet again some day. 我相信我们总有一天会再次见面。
四十六、feel like 的用法
意为“感觉像”,后跟名词或动词-ing形式做宾语。
例:It feels like rain. 好像要下雨。
I feel like catching cold. 我感觉像是感冒了。
联想:look like 看起来像;sound like 听起来像
四十七、although的用法
although/though 意为“虽然;尽管”,它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but,and,so等连用。
例:Although the book is old, we decide to buy it. 尽管这本书很旧,我们还是决定买它。
四十八、enjoy 的用法
动词,意为“喜爱;享受”。
拓展:
搭配 含义 例句
enjoy sth 表达对某事物的喜爱 I enjoy the music. 我喜欢这首音乐。
enjoy doing sth 强调对某种行为、活动的喜好 She enjoys reading books. 她喜欢读书。
enjoy oneself 过得愉快;过得快乐。 等同于have a good time、have fun。 We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 我们在派对上玩得很开心
辨析:enjoy和like
enjoy like
含义 喜爱;享受 动词:喜欢;喜爱;想要; 介词:像;类似;比如
常见搭配 enjoy sth;enjoy doing sth;enjoy oneself like sth(喜欢某物 );like doing sth(长期喜欢做某事 );like to do sth(偶尔想做某事 )
用法侧重点 更强调从所做的事情中获得乐趣和享受,侧重于体验的愉悦感 表达对事物的喜好,使用场景更广泛,既可以是兴趣爱好,也可以是一时的意愿
例句 I enjoy reading novels in my free time. 我享受在空闲时间读小说。 I like to go for a walk after dinner today. 我今天晚饭后想去散散步。
四十九、through 的用法
意为“穿过”,一般指空间内穿过。
例:We are walking through the forest. 我们正在穿过森林。
辨析:across,over 与 through
含义 例句
across 强调从某个平面的一边到另一边 The Great Wall winds its way from west to east, across the deserts, over the mountains, through the valleys, till at last it reaches the sea. 长城从西到东,跨过沙漠,越过高山,穿过峡谷,最后直达海边。
over 侧重越过某种障碍物,如山脉、墙等
through 指从某个立体空间内穿过
搭配:look through 浏览;快速查看
五十、tiring的用法
意为“令人疲倦的;累人的”。
例:I think maths is tiring. 我认为数学是累人的。
五十一、It’s difficult for people to use their umbrellas. 人们很难打伞。
该句为“It is +形容词(+for sb)+动词不定式”句型。It是形式主语,真正的主语则是动词不定式短语to use their umbrellas。
例:It is not easy to learn English well. 学好英语很不容易。
五十二、How was your weekend 你周末过得怎么样?
一般过去时的特殊疑问句,其结构为疑问词how + was/were +主语+其他?的形式,意为“…怎样了?”。可与“What + was/were + 主语 + 其他 + like ”互换。
例:How was your holiday = What was your holiday like 你假期过得如何?
提示:回答时常用以下句型: It was great. /It was OK. /All right. /It was not bad. /It was not good. 等。
五十三、try的用法
做动词时,其过去式为 tried,意为“尝试”。
搭配:try to do sth 努力去做某事;尽力去做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事
try one's best (to do sth) 尽某人最大的努力(去做某事) try sth on 试穿(衣物等)
辨析:try to do sth与try doing sth
短语 含义 例句
try to do sth “尽力/努力去做某事”,表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成 They tried to find the lost dog. 他们尽力去找到丢失的狗。
try doing sth “尝试做某事”,表示一种试着做的做法 I tried knocking at the back door, but nobody answered. 我试着敲了敲后门,但没有人回答。
五十四、boring的用法
形容词,意为“没趣的;令人厌倦的”。反义词interesting意为“有缺的;令人感兴趣的”。
例:This is a boring book. 这是一本无聊的书。
辨析:boring与bored
boring 在句子中既可作定语,同时还可以做表语。做表语时,句子的主语为表示物的代词或名词。 We have a boring day. 我们过了无聊的一天。
bored 在句子中只能做表语,其主语为表示人的代词或名词。 I'm bored with this movie. 我对这部电影感到厌烦
五十五、remove 的用法
做动词时,意为“移开;拿走”。
搭配:remove from 从…移开;从…除去
五十六、used to 的用法
意为“过去常常(做)”,用于表示过去习惯性的动作或存在的状态。其中to为不定式符号,后跟动词原形。
提示:used to只用于过去时态,没有人称和数的变化,因此在否定句和反意疑问句中,通常是加didn't,一般疑问句通常是在句首加Did,把used变为use。
例:I didn't use to play basketball after school. 我过去放学后不打篮球。
辨析:used to do sth, be used to doing sth和be used to do sth
短语 含义 例句
used to do sth “过去常常做某事”,强调过去的习惯或状态,现在已不再如此 He used to play tennis. 他过去常常打网球。
be used to doing sth “习惯于做某事”,to是介词,后接动词-ing形式 She is used to getting up early. 她习惯早起。
be used to do sth “被用来做某事”,是被动语态结构 The knife is used to cut things. 刀被用来切东西。
五十七、remember的用法
动词,意为“记住;记起”,反义词为“forget,意为忘记”。
拓展:remember doing “记得曾做过某事”,动作已发生。
例:I remember writing a letter to you.我记得曾给你写过一封信。(指写过信)
remember to do sth “记得去做某事”,动作未发生。
例:Remember to bring me your dictionary. 请记得把你的词典给我带来。(指还没有带来)
五十八、from…to…的用法
“从…到…”,用来表示时间、地点等的范围。
五十九、fill的用法
意为“装满;盛满”,经常与介词with一起搭配使用,fill…with…意为“用…装满…”。
六十、think of 的用法
意为“考虑;想起”。在这里表示“考虑”或“对…有看法”,相当于think about。
辨析:think of,think about与think over
短语 含义 例句
think of 表示“考虑、对…有某种看法”时,可与think about互换 He thought of a good plan. 他想到了一个好计划。
think about 表示“回想过去的事情、考虑某计划是否切实可行”时,一般不和 think of换用 I often thought about what you said. 我常常想到你说过的话。
think over 意为“仔细考虑” Think over, and you'll find a way. 仔细考虑一下,你就会有办法的。
六十一、promise的用法
做动词时,意为“承诺;保证”。
其用法如下:
promise to do sth 答应做某事 Don't worry. I promise to do just as you say. 别担心,我答应按你说的做。
promise sb sth 答应某人某事 He promised her some jewels for her birthday. 他答应在她生日的时候送给她几件珠宝首饰。
promise +从句 They promised that they will return all the books by Friday. 他们答应在星期五之前把所有的书返还。
拓展:promise做名词时,意为“承诺;诺言”,常见短语make a promise,意为“许下诺言”。
例:If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了,就要履行你的诺言。
六十二、lie的用法
做“撒谎”讲,为规则动词。lie做“躺;位于”讲,为不规则动词。变化如下:
词义 过去式 动词-ing形式
躺;位于 lay lying
说谎 lied lying
提示:lie 还可做名词,意为“谎言”。
例:The boy who lay there just now told a lie again.He lied to us many times.
刚才躺在那里的男孩又说了谎,他对我们撒谎好多次了。
六十三、decide 的用法
意为“决定”,后常跟动词不定式做宾语,而不跟动词-ing形式。
decide to do sth 意为“决定去做某事”。
例:They decided to build the railway right away.他们决定立即修建这条铁路。
六十四、praise的用法
动词,意为“赞美;表扬”。
拓展:praise 做不可数名词,意为“赞美;表扬”。
例:His praise made me feel very happy. 他的赞美使我感到高兴。
搭配:praise sb for 因……而赞扬某人
六十五、laugh的用法
动词,意为“笑;发笑”。固定搭配:laugh at 嘲笑
例:Don’t laugh at people when they are in trouble.当人们处于困境时,不要嘲笑他们。
六十六、search 的用法
用作及物动词,后跟“人”时,意为“搜身”;后跟地点名词时,表示“对某地进行搜查”。
例:The policemen searched everyone at the party. 警察对参加聚会的每个人都进行了搜身。
He searched his pockets, but found nothing. 他翻遍了自己的口袋,什么也没找到。
搭配:search for意为“寻找”,后面跟具体的目标。
例:We are on the way searching for the truth. 我们在探求真理的路上。
六十七、to sb's surprise 的用法
意为“出乎某人的意料”,其中 surprise是名词。
例:To his surprise, the little dog could do some amazing tricks.
出乎他的意料,这只小狗会做一些令人惊奇的把戏。
拓展:surprise还可用作动词,意为“使惊奇;使诧异”。
例:The news didn't surprise them. 这消息没有使他们感到吃惊。
辨析:surprised 与 surprising
surprised 意为“感到惊奇的” 常用来形容人
surprising 意为“令人惊奇的” 常用来形容物
一句话辨别两个单词的不同用法:Surprising news always surprises us. 令人吃惊的消息总是使我们吃惊。
六十八、come out 的用法
表示“出现;盛开”。
例:The flowers come out in spring. 花儿在春天开。
拓展:come out 还可以意为“出版;发行;发表”。
例:When is her new novel coming out 她的新小说何时出版?
联想:come from 来自 come back 回来 come down 下来 come on 加油 come in 进来
come out 出现;盛开;出版;发行;发表
六十九、die的用法
意为“死亡;消失”,其过去式是died,动词-ing形式是dying。
例:He died peacefully in his sleep. 他在睡梦中安详地去世了。
搭配:die of:指死于疾病、情感、饥饿等内部原因。
She died of cancer. 她死于癌症。
die from:通常指死于外部的创伤、事故、环境等原因。
He died from a car accident. 他死于一场车祸。
七十、set的用法
做动词时,意为“使处于某种状况;使开始”,过去式为set。
例:I set the table yesterday. 我昨天摆好了桌子。
搭配: set...free 释放 例:They set these birds free. 他们把这些鸟放了。
set up 建立;设立 例:The company set up a new factory. 公司建立了一个新工厂。
set off 出发;引起 例:They set off for the mountains. 他们出发去山里。
七十一、anyone的用法
为复合不定代词,意为“任何人;某个人”,常用于疑问句或否定句中。
在肯定句中表示“某人”用 someone。anyone用于肯定句中,意为“任何人,无论谁”。
例:Did anyone see the accident 有谁目睹这次事故了吗?
Anyone would know that. 人人都知道那一点。
You might at least say “Thank you” when someone helps you.
当人家帮你忙的时候,你至少该说声“谢谢你”。
辨析:anyone与any one二者都有“任何一个”的意思,但用法有别。
anyone 只指“人”,不与of短语连用 Does anyone want to help you 有谁愿意帮你吗?
any one 可指“人”,也可指“物”,可接of短语 I don’t know any one of them. 我不认识他们中的任何人。
强化练习
一、根据句意正确的选项。
1. Don’t worry about me, Mum. I can cook some simple meals and ______ myself.
A. take out B. take care of C. take care D. take off
2. Let's ______ for a walk, shall we
A. to go B. go C. going D. gone
3. —______ does the girl ______
—Australia.
A. Where; be from B. Why; come from C. Where; come from D.Where; is from
4. —Where ______ your pen pal ______
—He ______ Sydney.
A. is; from; is from B. does; from; comes from
C. is; come from; is from D. does; come from; is from
5. — Why don’t we take a bus.
— We can ______ thirty minutes if we drive there.
A. take B.buy C.save D.spend
6. The ______ building stands in the center of the city.
A. huge B. large C. big D. great
7. —Look! What's on the ground
—Oh, it's my sweater. Please ______.
A. pick you up B. pick it up C. pick them D. take off
8. Some ______ animals are ______ now because they don’t have enough food or space.
A. danger; dangerous B. danger; in danger
C. dangerous; in danger D. dangerous; dangerous
9. Look! There’s a boat ______ paper in the river.
A. made of B. make for C. made by D. made
10.Tom,we are late______ school.
A or B. for C. to D.in
11. —What time will you ______ Shanghai,Mike
—At about5p.m,so I should ________ Nanjing Railway Station at 3 p.m.
A. get;get to B.get;arrive in C.get to ;arrive D. arrive in ;get to
12. —Can I ______ your bike
—With pleasure. But you mustn’t ______ it to others.
A. lend; borrow B. borrow; lend C. lend; lend D. borrow; borrow
13. We can ______ the TV. Nobody is watching it.
A. turn off B. turn on C. turn up D. get off
14. —Miss Li, could you give me ______ on English learning
—Certainly. First you should speak English every day.
A. advise B. advises C. some advice D. advised
15.—Steve, ______ do you play basketball after school
—Twice a week. It can keep me healthy.
A. how far B. how soon C. how long D. how often
16. Jessica's parents always encourage her ______ her opinions.
A. express B. expressing C. to express D. will express
17. I would like ______ a magic show in the evening.
A. to see B. seeing C. see D.saw
18. —What about _____ a rest
—OK,Let’s go out and have a walk.
A. to take B.takes C.taking D.take to
19. Apples of this kind ______.
A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste well D. taste good
20. I found the letter ______ his papers.
A. between B. over C. among D. above
21. Everyone likes the singer. Her ______ sounds beautiful.
A. voice B. noise C. sound D. voices
22. Where are you going
—We are going to ______ the high jump. Would you like to ______ us
A. join; join B. take part in; join C. join; take part in D. take part in; take part in
23. The mountain I visited last Sunday isn’t very ________. Few _______ go sightseeing there.
A. tourist;tourists B. touristy; tourist C. touristy; tourists D. tourist; tourist
24. —______ in Chengdu
—It’s cloudy.
A. How is your holiday going B. What’s your family doing
C. How is the weather D.Not bad
25. —The weather is very good. Let’s go to the seaside.
—______. Why not
A. Have fun B. Not really C. Not at all D. Sounds fine
26. It's so warm outside today. It ______ spring.
A. looks like B. tastes like C. feels like D. sounds like
27. ______ the sun is shining, it isn’t very warm.
A. If B. Unless C. Because D. Although
28. We know that she enjoys ______ books very much.
A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read
29. —How was your summer holiday
— ________
A.It was fine. B.I hurt my foot.
C.I went to Shanghai. D. Not bad
30. —How _____ your last school trip
—It was _____. It rained all the time.
A.was;boring B.were;boring C.was;bored D.were;bored
31. —Do you remember ______ with Mary in Beijing
—Yes,of course. Three year ago.
A.to meet B. meets C.met D. meeting
32. Mary,if you promise ______ quiet in my office,you can stay here.
A.keep B.to keep C.to keeping D. keeping
33.The thief ______ to us. In didn’t ______ the purse on the cupboard.
—Yeah. The police found it _______ at the corner of the kitchen.
A.lied;lay;lied B.lay;lie;lying C.lied;lay;lying D.lay;lying;lied
34. My parents ______ me for helping the lost boy to find his mother.
A. praised B. encouraged C. spoke D. created
35. It’s difficult to ______ the boy in the forest because the forest is too big and there are too many trees.
A. search for B. hear from C. wait for D. write to
36. All the flowers ______. They are so beautiful.
A. come in B. come out C. go away D. go out
37. Her father ______ suddenly in an accident when she was only ten.
A. die B. dying C. died D to die
38. This theatre is ______ for children.
A. put up B. put on C. set out D. set up
39. Does ______ want more orange juice
A. someone B. everyone C. anyone D. no one
40. The math problem is too difficult for me to ______.
A. work out B. work on C. work at D. work off
41. She ______ her coat and rushed out of the room.
A. put on B. took off C. put up D. took away
42. The little girl is ______ to carry the heavy box.
A. very weak B. so weak C. weak enough D. too weak
43. ______ of the two books is interesting. I’ll take both.
A. Either B. All C. Both D. Neither
44. The old man ______ in the village for ten years.
A. has died B. has been dead C. died D. dead
二、选用方框内短语的正确形式填空:
arrive in hang out cut down save up look after
1. We should ______ some trees to protect the environment.
2. He ______ at the airport at 8 a.m. yesterday.
3. My sister enjoys ______ with friends on weekends.
4. She is ______ money to buy a new bicycle.
5. Can you ______ my pet dog while I’m away
三、选择填空
1. Can you help me ______ my books when I'm away (take care / take care of )
2. ______ not to break the glass. (take care / take care of )
3. My sister often helps to ______ our pet cat. (take care / take care of )
4. ________(let's /let us)have a break. We've been working hard.
5. Teacher, ________(let's /let us)show you our new projects.
四、根据句意及提示填写单词。
1. Let's work hard together! I believe we will ______ (success) in the future.
2. Martha is a ____________ (friend) girl. She always smiles to others.
3. If my sister doesn't go to see the film, I won't ______ (也).
4. If you want to keep your teeth healthy, you'd better not eat ______ (任何事物) sweet at night.
5. We have lots of hobbies in ______(共同的) except music.
6. To reduce air pollution, we'd better ride more often instead of ______ (drive).
7. They borrow all kinds of ______ (book) from the library every Tuesday.
8. She ______(冲;奔)into the room and shouts happily.
9. Our house faces ______(南部的), so it gets a lot of sunlight.
10. To get to the hotel, you need to go ______(穿过)the park.
11. Cleaning the room can be rather ______. I feel ______. (tire)
12. The boy felt sorry because he ______(break) his father’s cup.
五、翻译句子
1. 小心!别跑太快。
________! Don't run too fast.
2. 我可以照顾我的植物。
I can ________ my plants.
3. 咱们去图书馆借些书吧。
________ borrow some books from the library.
4. 请让我们在这儿等一会儿。
________ wait here for a while, please.
5. 不要砍掉这棵树。它对汤姆很重要。
Don’t ______ ______ this tree. It’s very important to Tom.
6. 周一晚上你能和我们一起闲逛吗?
Can you ______ ______ with us on Monday night
7. 苏珊住在国外,所以我几乎见不到她。
Susan lives abroad,so I ______ _______ see her.
8.也许她知道怎么去动物园。
______ she knows how to get to the zoo.
9. 请问现在几点了?
______ ______,what time is it now
10.我们想要自己解决这个难题。
We want to ______ ______ this difficult problem by ourselves.
11.贝蒂吃得很多,但她从不长胖。
Betty eats a lot, but she never ______ ______ ______.
12.这个问题太难了,我们回答不出来。
The question is ______ difficult for us ______ answer.
13. 汤姆现在正在清洗餐具。
Tom is washing dishes ______ ______.
14. 布莱克先生正从事一个新项目。
Mr Black is ______ ______ a new project.
15. 我喜欢水果,比如苹果、香蕉和橘子。
I like fruits ______ ______ apples, bananas and oranges.
16. 我五点钟来接你。
I will ______ ______ ______ at five o’clock.
17. 我希望将来有一天能住在山脚下。
I hope to live at the foot of the hill ______ ______.
18. 我们在海滩玩得很开心。
We _______ ourselves at the beach.
19. 她喜欢阅读,所以经常去图书馆。
She _______ reading, so she often goes to the library.
20. 读书很有趣。
______ ______ ______ to read books.
21.你应该尝试多吃点儿水果。
You should ______ ________ more fruit.
22.我不得不从房间里搬走一些书桌,为我的新钢琴腾出空间。
I had to ________ ________ ________ ________ the house to make room for my new piano.
23.我过去常常每天都看到他在图书馆里看书。
I _____ ______ ______ him reading in the library every day.
24.这个医生用药把瓶子装满。
This doctor ______ _______ _______ _______ medicine.
25.这位老妇人并不在意别人对她的看法。
The old woman doesn’t mind what other people______ _____ her.
26. 嘲笑那些处于困境中的人是不礼貌的。
It’s not polite to __________ __________ those people in trouble.
27. 出乎他们的意料,他们发现那只是一只小猫。
__________ __________, they found that it was just a little cat.
28. 他总是在公共汽车上给老人让座,真是太友好了。
He is always ______ ______ ______ the seat to the old on the bus.
29. 尽管下雨了,他们仍然在操场上踢足球。
______ it was raining, they still played football on the playground.
30.我记得把钥匙放在桌子上了。
I ______ ______ the keys on the table.
六、用 be from 或 come from 的正确形式填空
1. They ______ ______ Australia. (否定句)
2. Where ______ your friends ______ (特殊疑问句)
答案
一、单项选择
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.B
11.D 12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.D 20.C
21.A 22.B 23.C 24.C 25.D 26.C 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.A
31.D 32.B 33.C 34.A 35.A 36.B 37.C 38.D 39.C 40.A
41.A 42.D 43.D 44.B
二、短语填空
1.cut down 2.arrived in 3.hanging out 4.saving up 5.look after
三、选择填空
1.take care of 2.Take care 3.take care of 4.Let's 5.let us
四、单词填空
1.succeed 2.friendly 3.either 4.anything 5.common
6.driving 7.books 8.rushes 9.south 10.through
11.tiring;tired 12.broke
五、翻译句子
1.Take care 2.take care of 3.Let's 4.Let us 5.cut down
6.hang out 7.hardly ever 8.Maybe 9 .Excuse me 10.work out
11.puts on weight 12.too;to 13.right now 14.working on 15.such as
16.pick you up 17.some day 18.enjoyed 19.enjoys 20.It is interesting
21.try eating 22.remove some desks from 23.used to see 24.fills the bottle with 25.think of
26.laugh at 27.To their surprise 28.friendly to give 29.Although 30.remember putting
六、句型填空
1.aren't from/don't come from
2.do;come from

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