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选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8 LITERATURE(二)
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Throughout history，literature has been a mirror to society，capturing its evolution，revolutions，conflicts，and ambition.As readers，we often find comfort，inspiration，or severe realities through the world of words.Yet，in the 21st century，with a sharp rise in ①digitalization，literature’s canvas(画布) has expanded dramatically，leading to both enthusiasm and worry among literary enthusiasts.
Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery，a famous literary critic and professor at the Langford Literary University，set about an extensive study to decipher(破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age.“The printed word has a ②touchable beauty and permanence.Digital platforms，on the other hand，are vast，changing，and developing.This dichotomy(天壤之别) is interesting but also challenges traditional literary boundaries，” reflected Montgomery.
Montgomery’s study lasted over two years，involving a diverse group of 1,200 participants from various age groups and backgrounds.They were divided into three groups：the first experienced literature only through printed books，the second through e-books，and the third through interactive digital stories，which combine text，graphics，and user interaction.
Feedback revealed diverse insights.Printed book fans valued the sensory experience—the feel of pages，the smell of a book—claiming that it deepened their connection to the content.E-book readers appreciated the convenience and portability but missed the touchable experience of traditional books.However，the third group，who engaged with interactive digital stories，expressed excitement at being part of the story，though some felt it weakened the literary essence.
Further，the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers，suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns.Montgomery notes，“While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing，it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more ③foggy.The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.”
1．What was the purpose of Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery’s study
A．To promote digital platforms over printed books.
B．To explore the impact of digitalization on literature.
C．To present the landscape of the digital literature.
D．To challenge the traditional literary boundaries.
2．What can we learn about the participants who read printed books
A．They found it convenient to carry the books around.
B．They believed the books lacked the literary essence.
C．They thought they were happy to be involved in the story.
D．They felt the sensory experience promoted their understanding.
3．What does the study suggest about the future of literature consumption
A．Traditional books may be preferred by elder people.
B．Digital stories will enjoy equal preference of all ages.
C．Interactive stories may see a rise among younger readers.
D．E-books will replace printed books and dominate the market.
4．What is Montgomery’s attitude to the digital development of literature
A．Objective. B．Doubtful.
C．Excited. D．Unconcerned.
语境猜词 ①digitalization(派)＝digital＋iz(e)＋ation ②touchable(派)＝touch＋able ③foggy(派)＝fog＋g＋y
B
(2025·湖南株洲模拟预测)
The book Yes Means Yes，Everything Else Means No，①authored by an experienced decision strategist Bruce Mullen，is more than just a theoretical exploration of simplicity；it’s a practical guide to enhance decision-making skills.The goal of this book is not merely to promote the philosophy but to equip readers with the tools they need to carry it out effectively.From techniques to prioritize tasks to methods for removing distractions，the book offers a comprehensive toolkit for simplifying the decision-making process.
In a world where ②indecisiveness often leads to confusion and missed opportunities，the book’s philosophy distinguishes between a decisive “Yes” and a clear “No”．At its essence，this title encourages readers to grasp the power of conviction and the art of clear choices.The book urges us to channel our energies into the positive “Yes” and decrease our efforts with undecided commitments.
Author Bruce Mullen’s journey began with a conversation with his brother，causing a serious reflection that gave rise to a philosophy centered around simplicity.③Titled Yes Means Yes，Everything Else Means No，this guiding principle explores the importance of decisions in one’s life.Through his personal experiences，Mullen determined the power of simplification，directing him to decisions harmonizing with his core values and ambitions.Beyond individual context，this book extends its reach，influencing business strategies，relationship dynamics，and societal considerations.Mullen’s exploration into the essence of the phrase not only drew parallels to the legal “Yes Means Yes” principle but also emphasized the significance of clear intention in negotiating life’s crossroads.
Yes Means Yes，Everything Else Means No is more than a book；it’s a philosophy that can revolutionize how we approach decisions.Rooted in the simplicity of its title，the book ④briefs the essence of purposeful decision-making.It offers a set of tools to take apart complexity and embrace the power of confirmation and decisive negation.For those who seek to live a life with clarity and purpose，this book is a guiding light in the fog of indecision.
5．What is the book aimed at
A．Teaching strategy theories.
B．Solving philosophical problems.
C．Empowering readers with decision-making skills.
D．Equipping readers with techniques to simplify life.
6．What does the underlined word “conviction” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Doubt. B．Speech. C．Certainty. D．Action.
7．What is the inspiration for Mullen’s philosophy of simplicity
A．A family talk. B．A hard decision.
C．A painful lesson. D．A sudden thought.
8．What does the author think of Mullen’s book
A．Serious and daring.
B．Inclusive and practical.
C．Objective and humorous.
D．Plain and straightforward.
语境猜词 ①author(转)n.→v. ②indecisiveness(派)＝in＋decisive＋ness ③title(转)n.→v. ④brief(转)adj.→v.
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·河北张家口模拟预测)
For most people，traveling through the mountains or sampling French cuisine is a rare treat. 1 If you intend to become a travel writer，here is how you can get on your professional adventure.
Learn to be a descriptive writer.
People come to travel writing from all walks of life，and publications tend to be concerned with your ability to deliver a great piece over any advanced degree.It’s important to learn skills to describe places so that your readers can feel as if they were personally on the scene. 2
Immerse readers with your descriptive writing.
Readers want you to take them on a journey with you. 3 What you need to do is evoke(唤起) the five senses using descriptive writing techniques.The use of simile and expressive language brings the piece to life and makes the readers feel like they’re traveling along with you.
①Cherry-pick the details that will tell the best story.
4 To make a stronger piece，you need to focus on the right stories and details，which means knowing what to add and what you can leave out.Identifying what’s most important and most interesting to your audience makes for more absorbing writing.
　5　
You might be asked to write about a topic you aren’t familiar with or you might need to learn more about a place’s history or background to give your piece greater context.Doing research in advance will allow you to create an accurate and well-informed story.
Travel writing allows you to satisfy your strong desire for travel and make a living of it.It is also a way to connect people across cultures and great distances and build an appreciation for the ②uniqueness and diversity around us.
A．Preparation is key.
B．You don’t necessarily pay for their trip.
C．Make a living by working as a travel writer.
D．A descriptive piece should leave out the details.
E．For travel writers，it might just be another day on the job.
F．To achieve this，you might as well take a travel writing course.
G．Though you may have recorded many interesting details，you can’t include everything.
语境猜词 ①cherry-pick(合)＝cherry＋pick ②uniqueness(派)＝unique＋ness
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.I was there to ask about the latest 1 .But when I sat down，he wanted to talk about writing fiction.He spent hours meeting with clients and crafting slogans，but he dreamed of being a(n) 2 instead.
A decade or so later，however，I was 3 to see the advertiser on TV，holding up his new 4 .James Patterson had 5 into a bestselling author.“Maybe I was delusional(痴心妄想的)，but I 6 thought of myself as an advertising person，” he told me when asked how he’d done it.“I always 7 to be a writer.It was always in my head.”
Mr Patterson’s ability to see himself as a writer 8 a concept known as “possible selves”．It describes how people 9 their futures：what they may become，or want to become，or even fear becoming.
The term， 10 in 1986 by the social psychologists Hazel Markus and Paula Nurius，grew out of the 11 on self-concept and self-perception.A possible self can take you 12 daydreams，which are often fleeting and not necessarily ①grounded in 13 .It can come to fruition(实现) “if you build a 14 from your ‘now’ self to the possible self，” Dr.Markus said.
If you want a change，imagine your possible self and 15 .
1．A.campaign B．budget
C．hobby D．travel
2．A.entrepreneur B．novelist
C．consultant D．specialist
3．A.relieved B．delighted
C．terrified D．surprised
4．A.envelope B．magazine
C．book D．journal
5．A.expanded B．changed
C．ranged D．migrated
6．A.never B．merely
C．nearly D．ever
7．A.hesitated B．deserved
C．planned D．learned
8．A.creates B．contradicts
C．introduces D．illustrates
9．A.build B．embrace
C．②envision D．secure
10．A.bought B．coined
C．imagined D．promoted
11．A.research B．advertisement
C．suggestion D．regulation
12．A.through B．along
C．within D．beyond
13．A.responsibility B．earth
C．reality D．truth
14．A.shelter B．bridge
C．barrier D．platform
15．A.take action B．make it
C．settle down D．stay awake
语境猜词 ①ground(熟义：n.地面) 生义(文义)： ②envision(派)＝en＋vision
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
The Tang Dynasty opened a new age of prosperity and innovation in arts and technology.During this period，China was the 1. (large) and most influential country in the world.The Tang Dynasty is also considered by modern Chinese scholars as the golden age of Chinese poetry，when poetry 2. (reach) its peak.
In this age，poetry had developed well as the most important literary form，the writing of 3.____________ became the feature of everyday life in China.Even Tang rulers were often poets themselves.Tang poets are perhaps the best 4. (know) and most admired of all Chinese literary figures.①Furthermore，composing poems was introduced as one of the requirements in the Imperial Examination，which was held 5. (select) talents for the government.
During this long period of nearly 300 years，more than 50,000 poems 6. (create) by more than 2,200 poets ②from all walks of life.A book worth mention is 300 Tang poems by a Qing scholar Sun Zhu，a 7. (collect) of Tang poems which are very popular among people.Sun’s book became the best-seller soon after its publication.The compiler said，“8._____________(learn) Tang poems three hundred by heart，you can chant though you don’t know the art.”
Tang poems are ③characterized by 9. variety of forms，the beauty of imaginations and the ④broadness of themes.In general，Tang poetry has strict patterns，written in sentences of fixed length，usually with each line having five 10. seven characters long.
语境猜词 ①furthermore(合)＝further＋more ②from all walks of life ③characterize(派)＝character＋ize ④broadness(派)＝broad＋ness
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①n.数字化　②adj.可触的　③adj.模糊的
B．①撰写，写作　②n.犹豫不定　③加标题，定题目　④简要介绍
Ⅱ.①v.择优挑选　②n.独特性
Ⅲ.①v.以……为根据　②v.设想
Ⅳ.①adv.此外，而且　②来自各行各业　③v.使具有特点；是……的特征　④n.广泛；宽阔；宽广
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了著名文学评论家伊丽莎白·蒙哥马利博士展开了一项广泛的研究，以解读数字时代不断变化的文学局面。
1．B　[推理判断题。根据第二段中“Dr.Elizabeth Montgomery...set about an extensive study to decipher(破译) the changing landscape of literature in the digital age.”可知，伊丽莎白·蒙哥马利博士进行研究来解读数字化时代不断变化的文学的局面，可推断她研究的目的是探究数字化对文学的影响。故选B。]
2．D　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Printed book fans valued the sensory experience—the feel of pages，the smell of a book—claiming that it deepened their connection to the content.”可知，阅读印刷书籍的参与者觉得感官体验促进了他们对内容的理解。故选D。]
3．C　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Further，the study found that interactive stories appealed especially to younger readers，suggesting a potential shift in future literary consumption patterns.”可知，这项研究发现互动故事尤其吸引年轻读者，所以互动故事可能会在年轻读者中兴起。故选C。]
4．A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中“Montgomery notes，‘While traditionalists might find the digital development of literature disturbing，it’s undeniable that the boundary between readers and stories is becoming more foggy.The key is to balance innovation with the preservation of literary integrity.’”可推知，蒙哥马利认为文学的数字化发展是客观趋势，并建议寻求平衡，可推知她对文学的数字化发展持客观态度。故选A。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《Yes Means Yes，Everything Else Means No》这本可以增强读者的决策能力的书。
5．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Yes Means Yes，Everything Else Means No这本书是由经验丰富的决策战略家布鲁斯·马伦撰写的，它不仅仅是对简单性的理论探索；这是一本提高决策能力的实用指南”可知，这本书旨在增强读者的决策能力。故选C。]
6．C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句上文“在一个优柔寡断常常导致混乱和错失机会的世界里，这本书的哲学思想区分了果断的‘是’和明确的‘否’”。由此可推知，画线词所在句表示“从本质上讲，这个标题鼓励读者抓住信念(确信)的力量和清晰选择的艺术”。故画线词意思是“确信”。故选C。]
7．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“作家布鲁斯·马伦的旅程始于与他哥哥的一次谈话，那次谈话引发了一场严肃的反思，从而产生了一种以简单为中心的哲学思想”可知，马伦的简单哲学的灵感是一次家庭谈话。故选A。]
8．B　[观点态度题。根据第一段中“it’s a practical guide”和第三段倒数第二句以及最后一段最后两句“它提供了一套工具来分解复杂性，拥抱确认和果断否定的力量。对于那些寻求清晰而有目标的生活的人来说，这本书是在优柔寡断的迷雾中指引方向的明灯”可推知，作者认为马伦的书包含人们所需的知识，且具有指导意义，即这本书是包容且务实的。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.E　2.F　3.B　4.G　5.A
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者多年前采访一位广告主管的经历，当时这位广告人梦想成为一名小说家，大约十年后，他最终实现了自己的梦想，文章还介绍了“可能的自我”这一概念。
1．A　[campaign运动，活动；budget预算；hobby爱好；travel旅行。根据上文“Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.”可知，作者采访的是一名广告主管，所以想问的应该是最新的广告宣传活动，故选A。]
2．B　[entrepreneur企业家；novelist小说家；consultant顾问；specialist专家。根据上文“he wanted to talk about writing fiction”可以推断出这位广告主管梦想成为一名小说家，故选B。]
3．D　[relieved宽慰的；delighted高兴的；terrified害怕的；surprised惊讶的。根据上文“Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.”和下文“a bestselling author”可知，这位广告主管成了畅销书作家，这对作者来说是出乎意料的，因此感到惊讶，故选D。]
4．C　[envelope信封；magazine杂志；book书；journal期刊。根据“James Patterson had ____ into a bestselling author”可以推断出，这里指的是他拿着自己的新书，故选C。]
5．B　[expand扩张；change变换；range变动；migrate迁移。根据上文“Years ago，as a young business reporter，I interviewed an advertising executive.”可知，他原本是一个广告主管，十年后成为一名畅销书作家，这是职业身份的变化，故选B。]
6．A　[never从未；merely仅仅；nearly几乎；ever曾经。根据下文“I always ________ to be a writer.It was always in my head.”可知，他一直想成为一名作家，由此可推理出他从未将自己看作是一个广告人，故选A。]
7．C　[hesitate犹豫；deserve值得；plan计划；learn学习。根据下文“It was always in my head.”可知，他一直在心中规划着成为一名作家，故选C。]
8．D　[create创造；contradict相矛盾；introduce介绍；illustrate说明。根据下文“It describes how people ________ their futures：what they may become，or want to become，or even fear becoming.”可知，他将自己视为作家的能力说明了一个被称为“可能的自我”的概念，故选D。]
9．C　[build建造；embrace拥抱；envision设想；secure(尤指经过努力)获得。根据下文“what they may become，or want to become，or even fear becoming”可知，这里是在描述人们对未来的设想，故选C。]
10．B　[buy购买；coin创造(新词语)；imagine想象；promote推广。根据上文“The term”可知，这里指的是创造一个新的术语，故选B。]
11．A　[research研究；advertisement广告；suggestion建议；regulation规定。根据下文“on self-concept and self-perception”可知，这里指的是“可能的自我”这一术语源自关于自我概念和自我认知的研究，故选A。]
12．D　[through通过；along沿着；within在……之内；beyond超越。根据上文讲原本是广告主管的帕特森先生因相信“可能的自我”而成为作家的经历可知，一个可能的自我可以带你超越白日梦，实现梦想，故选D。]
13．C　[responsibility责任；earth地球，地面；reality现实；truth真相。根据上文“daydreams，which are often fleeting and not necessarily grounded in”可推理出，此处说的是白日梦转瞬即逝，不一定植根于现实，故选C。]
14．B　[shelter避难所；bridge桥梁；barrier障碍；platform平台。根据下文“from your ‘now’ self to the possible self”可知，这里是在比喻性地描述从现在的状态过渡到理想状态需要一座桥梁，故选B。]
15．A　[take action采取行动；make it成功；settle down定居；stay awake保持清醒。根据上文“from your ‘now’ self to the possible self”以及“If you want a change”可知，这里是指为了把可能的自我变为现实，需要采取实际行动，故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.largest　2.reached　3.which　4.known　5.to select　6.were created　7.collection　8.Learning/Having learned
9．the　10.or选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8 LITERATURE(一)
62．5分
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2025·河北张家口模拟预测)
The Voynich manuscript(手稿) is a 234-page book filled with writing in a strange language now called Voynichese.It also features many strange drawings of unknown plants，people and charts.Based on the images alone，it seems to have something to do with medicine.
The language in the manuscript appears nowhere else and has become one of the greatest linguistic riddles of our day.Since its discovery，it has attracted researchers，been called a hoax(骗局)，and been the subject of a huge number of articles.
By carbon ①dating the manuscript，researchers are pretty confident that it was constructed in the early 1400s.And through the magic of linguistic analysis，most people agree that the manuscript is not a hoax.Or，if it is，it’s a very，very complex hoax.
A paper published in 2016 by computer scientist Greg Kondrak and his student Bradley Hauer gained a lot of attention.Their theory was based on the idea that Voynichese was made with a substitution cipher(替代密码)．That means it was written in a real language，and then each of the letters in that language was replaced by a specific Voynichese letter.
This is where the computing power comes in.By having a computer compare the text of the Voynich manuscript to 380 languages，Kondrak and Hauer ②ran the substitution cipher through as many languages as possible and determined if the text would make sense.In the end，they figured out that the original language was Hebrew，and they even translated some of the text.There are a few problems with their results，though：they compared the manuscript to modern Hebrew，not 15th-century Hebrew；they had to make “spelling corrections” for it to make sense；and，possibly most egregious(过分的) of all，they got their results using a translating app.
Despite all the innovations in code-breaking over the last century，the Voynich manuscript still rejects our advances.If Voynichese is indeed ever solved，artificial intelligence could very likely play a role.
1．What can be an agreed point about the Voynich manuscript
A．It’s a medical book.
B．It has magic power.
C．It was made in the 1400s.
D．It tells the story of a complex hoax.
2．What does Kondrak believe
A．Voynichese was an endangered language.
B．Voynichese will be replaced soon.
C．Voynichese was made by somebody.
D．Voynichese will attract more attention.
3．What can be inferred about Kondrak’s research
A．Its samples were insufficient.
B．It failed to get the text to make sense.
C．It didn’t determine the original language.
D．Its conclusion was not convincing enough.
4．What does the author express in the last paragraph
A．Doubt. B．Expectation.
C．Determination. D．Concern.
语境猜词 ①date(熟义：n.日期) 生义(文义)： ②run(熟义：v.跑步) 生义(文义)：
B
German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time，the personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian Revolution，two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity—Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jurgen Renn—offer an original and penetrating(犀利的) analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
By setting Einstein’s work in the long ①course of the evolution of scientific knowledge，Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular ②misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone.
As a large part of the book explains，Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution，not through revolutionary breaks with the past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch，but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries，as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders，he meant that，without their contributions，he would not have formulated(阐述) the theory of relativity.
The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein，of all people，revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail that，to understand his genius，one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy ③read，the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
5．What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein
A．Unclear. B．Favorable.
C．Dismissive. D．Opposing.
6．What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Up to standard. B．From nothing.
C．By learning from others. D．With previous knowledge.
7．What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous physicists
A．Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B．Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C．Their researches contributed to Einstein’s success.
D．Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
8．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．An essay on Albert Einstein.
B．An introduction to a book.
C．A guidebook to a course.
D．A review of physics development.
语境猜词 ①course(熟义：n.课程) 生义(文义)： ②misconception(派)＝mis＋conception ③read(熟义：v.读，朗读) 生义(文义)：
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
(2025·河南联考)
So，do you want to know how to read classic books Maybe you are excited to deal with classic literature but you don’t know where to start. 1 Here are some tips for enjoying classic literature and helping you get started.
Slow down the pace.The biggest difference between modern literature and classic literature is the pace.Modern reading can often feel like a short race. 2 If you try to ①apply short race techniques to a long distance run you will get tired ②pretty quickly.Well，the same is true with reading classic books.
3 One of the challenges when you start to read classic books is the language style.Words and phrases that are out of date or no longer relevant can make the writing difficult to understand.As it’s just not the way things are written or what is being talked about，it is common to jump over concepts that we don’t understand or words that we’ve never come across before.But，the key to reading classic books and enjoying them is taking time to understand them.So don’t ③shy away from looking things up.
Listen to the audio(有声的) book.Sometimes the best way to devote yourself to a classic book is to listen to it.Many classic books were intended to be read aloud.Books used to be very expensive，so people shared them.This meant that a family might gather together to listen to a few chapters every night. 4
Choose your favourite.Finally，the key to reading classic books and actually enjoying them is to choose one that actually appeals to you.Classic books can get mixed up into a single genre(流派)“Classic”． 5 Think about what you already love reading and look for books that suit your interest.
A．Look up dates and history.
B．But that’s really not the case.
C．Don’t be afraid to look things up.
D．However，classic literature is more of a marathon.
E．A character list can keep who is related to whom in check.
F．Listening to audio books is a lovely way to continue that tradition.
G．Or perhaps you’ve tried reading classics before and don’t really get the main points.
语境猜词 ①apply(熟义：v.申请) 生义(文义)： ②pretty(熟义：adj.漂亮的；美丽的) 生义(文义)： ③shy away
Ⅲ.完形填空(每小题1分，满分15分)
As a writer，I miss rejection ①slips.Not that I enjoyed receiving those pre-printed slips of paper，but at least when I got one，I was pretty sure that a flesh-and-blood 1 had put it in the envelope.And there was always the chance I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom， 2 the piece almost made it.When an editor at McCall’s wrote，“I’m afraid I have to say no on this 3 piece，but try me again on another，would you？” It was almost as 4 to me as if she had said，“We’ll 5 it and here is an ②advance for you.”
Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online ③submissions.Most editors don’t feel it a must to 6 your work because they receive so many 7 each day.
For me，there are three 8 of rejection slip pain.The first is 9 brought on by finding a flat “no” on a(n) 10 piece of paper，then followed by anger (how could they 11 a piece that is obviously so much 12 than most of the stuff they print)，and，finally，rebirth：I will live to 13 a new piece another day.
Learning to 14 rejection seems like part of growing up as a writer.Despite the many letters of acceptance I have received，my ④folder of “Noteworthy Rejection Slips” is far 15 than that of “Noteworthy Acceptances”，which indicates to me the fact：I still have some growing up to do.
1．A.writer B．reader
C．mailman D．editor
2．A.demanding B．indicating
C．suspecting D．arguing
3．A.boring B．novel
C．lengthy D．particular
4．A.vivid B．complex
C．thrilling D．amusing
5．A.buy B．reject
C．check D．substitute
6．A.prove B．determine
C．explain D．acknowledge
7．A.proposals B．drafts
C．contributions D．instructions
8．A.meanings B．stages
C．wonders D．rewards
9．A.relief B．upset
C．anger D．hesitation
10．A.loose B．expensive
C．characterless D．shiny
11．A.make up B．put away
C．turn down D．insist on
12．A.easier B．better
C．shorter D．longer
13．A.print B．copy
C．download D．submit
14．A.accept B．criticize
C．judge D．evaluate
15．A.fatter B．fancier
C．older D．newer
语境猜词 ①slip(熟义：v.滑倒) 生义(文义)： ②advance(熟义：n.前进，进步) 生义(文义)： ③submission(派)＝submi(t)＋s＋sion ④folder(派)＝fold＋er
Ⅳ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，满分15分)
(2025·山西忻州期末)
The illustrators(插图画家) of Chinese children’s books remain among the most internationally 1. (award) artists thanks to their ①consistent use of unique and traditional styles of artistic expression，according to Zuzana Jarosova，general commissioner of the Biennial of Illustrations Bratislava (BIB)．
Chinese illustrator Chen Xunru,2. book Bull King Festival was very popular，received the Golden Apple award at the 29th edition of the BIB in Slovakia，which started on Oct.4 and ran until Dec.3.Chen is the seventh Chinese illustrator to have received such 3._______________ award.
Jarosova says the jurors(评定人) are always looking for artists who are authentic and original while 4. (keep) their deep connection to culture，traditions and the ②mastery of old techniques.
“Illustrations in children’s books play a key role in their mental development，as a good illustrator can 5. (nice) improve the story and build additional floors of the architecture of 6. (imagine)，thus kick-starting the small readers’ fantasy，” Jarosova notes.
An international tour exhibition of picture books from China 7. (hold) as an accompanying event at this year’s BIB from Sept.28 to Oct.14.The exhibition was well received and for the first time，people had the opportunity 8. (see) interesting illustrators from China 9. a great extent.“I will do everything I can for more cooperation to continue and improve 10. (far)，” Jarosova says.
语境猜词 ①consistent(派)＝consist＋ent ②mastery(派)＝master＋y
语境猜词答案
Ⅰ.A.①v.确定年代　②v.(使)运转，操作
B．①n.进程　②n.错误认识，误解　③n.好的读物；好书
Ⅱ.①vt.应用；运用　②adv.很；相当　③畏避；回避
Ⅲ.①n.便条；纸条　②n.预付款　③n.提交；呈递　④n.文件夹
Ⅳ.①adj.持续的，一贯的　②n.精通，熟练掌握
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伏尼契手稿——一本六百年来无人能懂的奇书。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“By carbon dating the manuscript，researchers are pretty confident that it was constructed in the early 1400s.”可知，关于伏尼契手稿，研究人员非常确信它是在14世纪初建造的。故选C。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Their theory was based on the idea that Voynichese was made with a substitution cipher(替代密码)．That means it was written in a real language，and then each of the letters in that language was replaced by a specific Voynichese letter.”可知，Kondrak认为，伏尼契手稿是用真实的语言写的，该语言中的每个字母都被一个特定的伏尼契语字母所取代。由此可知，伏尼契语是人为制成的。故选C。]
3．D　[推理判断题。根据第五段中的“There are a few problems with their results，though：they compared the manuscript to modern Hebrew，not 15th-century Hebrew；they had to make ‘spelling corrections’ for it to make sense；and，possibly most egregious (过分的) of all，they got their results using a translating app.”可知，这项研究的结果是有问题的，也就是Kondrak的研究结论并不令人信服。故选D。]
4．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为未来有望借助人工智能来解开伏尼契语之谜；由此可知，作者在最后一段中表达了期望。故选B。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍和评价一本关于爱因斯坦及其相对论的书《爱因斯坦革命》。
5．D　[观点态度题。根据第二段“By setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge，Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single-handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone.”可推知，他们俩对普遍关于爱因斯坦的观点持反对态度。故选D。]
6．B　[词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词上文“Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution，not through revolutionary breaks with the past”以及下文“but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries，as well as nineteenth-century physicists”可知，此处指他认为他的相对论不是从零开始的。故可猜测画线短语from scratch意为“从头开始”。故选B。]
7．C　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders，he meant that，without their contributions，he would not have formulated(阐述) the theory of relativity.”可推知，作者提到著名的物理学家是为了说明这些物理学家的研究促成了爱因斯坦的成功。故选C。]
8．B　[文章出处题。根据第一段中“In The Einsteinian Revolution...offer an original and penetrating(犀利的) analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.”和第三段中“As a large part of the book explains，Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution，not through revolutionary breaks with the past.”以及最后一段中“Although not always an easy read，the book will interest physicists and historians alike.”可知，全文都是围绕这本书来写的，所以最有可能出自一本书的介绍。故选B。]
Ⅱ.1.G　2.D　3.C　4.F　5.B
Ⅲ.
语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名作家，对于自己的投稿被拒绝的一些感悟。
1．D　[根据下文“had put it in the envelope”可知，把退稿通知放进信封的是编辑。故选D。]
2．B　[根据上文“I might see a handwritten sentence on the bottom”可知，编辑手写的句子表明这篇文章几乎快要成功了。故选B。]
3．D　[根据下文“but try me again on another”可知，这是编辑对于退稿的委婉的说法，赞扬文章很特别，但是不得不拒绝，并鼓励作者再接再厉。故选D。]
4．C　[根据上文“but try me again on another”可知，收到编辑的鼓励应该是一件令人兴奋的事情。故选C。]
5．A　[根据下文“here is an advance for you”可知，此处表示将要购买，先付了预付款。故选A。]
6．D　[根据上文“Nowadays，rejection slips seem to have disappeared with the use of online submissions.”可知，如今，由于网上投稿的使用，退稿单似乎已经消失了，大多数编辑并不觉得必须告知他们已经收到你的作品。acknowledge此处为熟词生义，意为“告知收到”。故选D。]
7．C　[根据上文“Most editors don’t feel it a must to ________ your work”可知，此处指的是编辑每天收到很多投稿。故选C。]
8．B　[根据下文“The first”，“then”和“finally”可知，此处指对作者而言，被退稿后的痛苦有三个阶段。故选B。]
9．B　[根据下文“by finding a flat ‘no’”可知，发现被退稿后，作者首先有一种挫败感。故选B。]
10．C　[根据上文“because they receive so many ______ each day”可知，编辑每天要处理很多稿件，所以退稿的纸条应该是没有特点的，千篇一律的。故选C。]
11．C　[根据上文“rejection slip pain”可知，作者在讲述被退稿后的感受，所以是作品被拒绝。故选C。]
12．B　[根据上文“anger”和下文“than most of the stuff they print”可知，作者认为自己的投稿明显比他们印刷的大多数东西都要好得多。故选B。]
13．D　[根据下文“a new piece another day”可知，此处表示重新提交一份新的作品。故选D。]
14．A　[根据下文“seems like part of growing up as a writer”可知，作者认为学会接受被退稿是作为作家成长的一部分。故选A。]
15．A　[根据下文“I still have some growing up to do”可知，作者还有一些成长的空间，即作者的“值得注意的退稿通知书”文件夹比“值得注意的录用通知书”文件夹要厚得多。故选A。]
Ⅳ.1.awarded　2.whose　3.an　4.keeping　5.nicely
6．imagination　7.was held　8.to see　9.to　10.furtherⅠ.阅读单词——会意
1．fiction　　　 　　n．小说；虚构的事
2．fable n．寓言
3．genre n．(艺术、写作、音乐等的)类型，体裁
4．romance n．爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
5．detective n．侦探，警探
6．subjective adj.主观的；主语的
7．contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的
8．riddle n．谜，谜语；谜团
9．rhyme n．押韵
10．tone n．(说话的)语气，口气，腔调；(尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质
11．setting n．(书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境
12．era n．时代，年代
13．shelf n．搁板，架子
14．scan vt.(用电磁波等)扫描
15．unseen adj.未受注意的；未被看见的
16．pneumonia n．肺炎
17．backwards adv.倒着，朝反方向；向后
18．ivy n．常春藤
19．vine n．葡萄属植物；葡萄藤
20．nonsense n．胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法)
21．curtain n．窗帘；门帘；帘子
22．janitor n．(学校或大楼的)看门人，门房，管理员
23．inch n．英寸 vi.缓慢移动
24．queer adj.奇怪的，难以解释的
25．harness n．(马的)挽具，马具
26．downy adj.被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的
27．flake n．小薄片
28．daffodil n．水仙(花)，黄水仙
29．vale n．谷；山谷
30．margin n．(尤指地域或水域的)边缘，边隅；页边的空白，页边
31．bay n．湾，海湾
32．sprightly adj.活跃的，充满活力的
33．glee n．高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸
34．gay [旧时] adj.快乐的，兴奋的
35．jocund adj.快活的；高兴的
36．oft adv.经常，时常
37．couch n．长沙发
38．vacant adj.空的，未被占用的
39．pensive adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的
40．inward adj.内心的，精神的
41．bliss n．极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福
42．solitude n．独处，独居
43．league n．里格(旧时长度单位，约5 000米)；体育运动联合会，联赛；联盟，同盟
44．recollection n．想起，记起
45．being n．生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在
46．whale n．鲸
47．weapon n．武器，兵器；凶器
48．steel n．钢，钢铁
49．seaman n．水手，海员；水兵
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．folk adj.民间的，民俗的
2．logic n．逻辑；道理，合理的想法
3．recite vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵
4．structure n．结构，构造；建筑物，结构体
5．stare vi.凝视，盯着看
6．blank adj.空白的；无表情的，木然的
n．(纸张上的)空白处，空格；空白
7．blanket n．毯子，毛毯 vt.覆盖
8．aside adv.到旁边，在旁边
9．sail vi.& vt.飘；(乘船)航行
10．fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来
11．slip vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒；把……悄悄地放在；陷入
n．滑倒；纸条；小错误
12．fellow n．男人；家伙
13．clothing n．服装，衣服
14．sweep n．挥动；打扫vt.& vi.扫，打扫
15．wander vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于；蜿蜒；走神，胡思乱想
16．flutter vi.& vt.(在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀)
17．breeze n．微风，和风
18．twinkle vi.闪烁，闪耀
19．stretch vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长
20．glance n．一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼
21．toss vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛
22．wave n．海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮
vi.& vt.挥动，摆动；挥手
23．gaze vi.& n．凝视，盯着看；注视
24．sink (sank，sunk) vi.& vt.下沉，沉没；坐下，倒下；沮丧 n．水槽
25．grab vt.攫取，抓住
26．nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
27．drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙
28．strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；打动，感动；划(火柴)；罢工；突然想到；(钟)敲 n．罢工；打击
29．chest n．胸部，胸膛
30．bounce vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹
31．solid adj.固体的；坚硬的；实心的；坚固的，牢固的；可靠的
n．固体
32．daybreak n．黎明，破晓
33．utter vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音)
34．aboard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)
35．scholar n．有学问的人；学者
36．fence vi.击剑 n．栅栏，围栏，篱笆
37．handkerchief n．手帕
38．noble adj.高尚的，崇高的；贵族的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．poetry n．诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗
2．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学；文献资料
3．icy adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的→ice n．冰
4．disbelief n．不信，怀疑→belief n．相信；信心；信念→believe v．相信→disbelieve v．不信，怀疑
5．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n．罪犯
6．unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的→conscious adj.察觉到的；意识到的；有知觉的→consciousness n．知觉；觉悟；意识
7．polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的→polish v．擦亮，磨光 n．抛光；完美，精湛
8．comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n．舒适感，满足感；令人感到安慰的人或事物→comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的→comfortably adv.舒适地→uncomfortable adj.(人)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的
9．emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的→emotion n．情绪，情感
10．forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕，饶恕
11．drama n．戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的→dramatically adv.戏剧地；显著地
12．fantasy n．幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想→fantastic adj.极好的
13．historical adj.历史的→historic adj.历史上著名的；有历史意义的→history n．历史→historian n．历史学家
14．adventure n．历险，奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；惊险的
15．mystery n．难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事→mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的
16．continuous adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的→continue v．延续，继续→continuation n．延续，继续部分
17．stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的→stimulate vt.刺激；激励→stimulation n．刺激；激励；激发
18．poison n．毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→poisonous adj.有毒的
19．registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记；注册
20．desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切→desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的→desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地
21．preservation n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存→preserve vt.维护；保护
22．construction n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑→construct vt.建筑，建造→constructive adj.建设性的
23．absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的→absorb vt.吸收；理解，掌握；吸引，使专心；缓冲→absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志的
24．sparkling adj.闪亮的，闪光的→sparkle vi.闪烁，闪耀
25．frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的→freeze v．突然停止，呆住；结冰→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
26．violent adj.强烈的；暴力的，强暴的→violently adv.粗暴地；强烈地→violence n．暴力，暴行
27．ease n．轻易，毫不费劲；舒适，悠闲 v．减轻，缓解；使容易；(使)小心翼翼地移动→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地；不费力地
28．evidently adv.明显地，显然→evident adj.明显的→evidence n．证据
29．submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服→submission n．屈服；提交(物)；呈递(物)
积累——构词法　学一法　会一类
1．sub-是一个常见的词根和词缀，意为“在……的下面；在……以下；次于；替代；弱；副，亚，次；分支”，通常用于构成其他单词，并赋予它们特定的含义。如submarine＝sub(在下面)＋marine(海洋)→潜艇，subconscious＝sub(在下面)＋conscious(有意识的)→潜意识的。
2．前缀a-：
①表示“在……，……的”，如aside＝a(在)＋side(边)→到旁边，abroad＝a(在)＋broad(辽阔)→在国外，afield＝a(在)＋field(田野)→在远处。
②表示加强，如afresh(重新，再度)，amass(积累，积聚)。
③表示“不、无、非”，如amoral(无道德感的)＝a(非)＋ moral(道德的)，atypical(非典型的)＝a(不)＋ typical(典型的)。
(1)It comes as a shock to us that some milk powder producers produce substandard milk powder which would bring harm to babies.________________________ (猜加黑词义)
(2)My private car is parked in the subbasement，which is more convenient for me.________________________
(3)I am writing to congratulate you on your being promoted as subchief in our company.________________________
(4)The ancient people thought that the earth was afloat in water.________________________
(5)We await your decision.We are expecting you to make a decision.________________________
(6)Unluckily，the whole matter is ahistorical and nobody knows for sure what on earth happened at that time.________________________
1．dull/d l/adj.无趣的，枯燥的
2．interfere with sth/sb妨碍，阻止
3．resist/rI'zIst/vi.& vt.忍住，按捺；反抗，抵御
4．intellectual/ Int 'lekt u l/adj.智力的，脑力的
5．notable/'n t b l/adj.显要的；显著的
6．genetic/d 'netIk/adj.基因的，遗传学的
7．inherit/In'herIt/vt.经遗传得到
8．fairly/'fe li/adv.相当，颇；公平合理地
9．perceptive/p 'septIv/adj.观察敏锐的，洞察力强的
10．observant/ b'z v nt/adj.观察敏锐的，机警的
11．witty/'wIti/adj.说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
12．inquisitive/In'kwIz tIv/adj.好问的，爱探究的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．stare at盯着看
2．in an attempt to do sth试着做某事
3．make up one’s mind下定决心
4．be tired of厌倦
5．with disbelief不相信地；怀疑地
6．hold on坚持；等一等
7．in desperation绝望地
8．struggle against为反对……而斗争
9．wake up醒来
10．search...for...为了寻找……而搜查……
11．shake with cold冷得发抖
12．take...for granted视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint.(long to do...)
40年来，他从未创作出他渴望画的杰作。
2．The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.(so...that...)
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
3．If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease.(so...as to...)
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
4．The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.(though引导的让步状语从句的倒装)
撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。
5．I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine.(nor位于句首引起的部分倒装)
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
6．Then came the sound of a heavy door opening，and two seamen appeared.(then位于句首引起的完全倒装)
接着传来了沉重的开门声，两位水手出现了。
体验——析真题长句　知高考难度
(2024·浙江1月)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.
[句式分析]　此句是________________句。because引导________________从句，that引导____________从句，修饰先行词a response mechanism。
[尝试翻译]　
My nephew，James，is a young fellow who likes different genres of literary works，such as fables，fiction，romances，poetry,1.________________ folk stories.He has a dream to be an actor.He is always 2.____________(addict) to dramas and dramatic fantasy works 3.____________ plots are absorbing and stimulating.Sometimes he acts in a play.Once he got a chance 4.________________(act) as an extra(群众演员)．In a scene，he wandered backwards and forwards on a frozen lake with his body 5.____________(wrap) in a dirty blanket，but slipped suddenly.Another time he acted as a seaman 6.__________________(sail) in the icy bay.He and his partners were chasing a whale with weapons for a whole night until daybreak.His clothing fluttered in the cold wind and flakes of snow 7.__________________(strike) him on the face.The sparkling waves were so violent that he was tossed into the water and nearly drowned.He began to sink.In 8.__________________(desperate)，he grabbed a board.He was unconscious 9.____________________ he was saved at daybreak.With his eyes twinkling with gratitude，he uttered，“Thanks！Evidently，it was 10.__________________ incredible adventure！”
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的 (absorb vt.吸收；理解，掌握；吸引，使专心；缓冲 absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志的)
absorb oneself in全神贯注于 absorb...from...从……中吸收…… absorb...into...把……并入…… be/get absorbed in全神贯注于
(1)The romance in the novel was so ____________(absorb) and touching that I was moved to tears.
(2)Many small shops have been absorbed ____________ big businesses due to the strike of the global financial crisis.
(3)蜂鸟发出一声吱吱的叫声，似乎想要吸引我的注意力。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
The hummingbird uttered a squeaking call and it seemed to __________________________.
(4)汤姆全神贯注于工作，所以他忘了通知我开会的时间。
①Tom _______________________________________________________________，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
②____________________________________________________，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(形容词短语作状语)
③________________________________________________________________，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词短语作状语)
submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服 [submission n．屈服；提交(物)；呈递(物)]
submit sth to sb将某物提交给某人 submit (oneself) to屈从于……
(1)She sighed helplessly，“I shall give up my claim in _____________(submit) to your wishes.”
(2)An essay not ____________(submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)(应用文写作之通知)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日之前将申请书和相关资料提交给学生会。
Those who are interested in the summer camp __________________________________________.
(4)大卫擦掉眼泪，高昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。” (2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David wiped his tears and held his head high，uttering determinedly，“______________________.”
stare vi.凝视，盯着看
stare at盯着看，凝视 glare at怒视 glance at扫一眼 gaze at凝视；注目
用上面短语的适当形式填空
(1)I ________________________ the blank test paper，with my hands pulling the hair，totally at a loss.
(2)The fellow ________________________ the menu casually and ordered a steak and a cup of coffee.
(3)With her chin on her hands，the girl ________________________ the poet with sparkling eyes.
(4)“Nonsense！” said my father angrily，________________________ me in disbelief.
frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 (freeze v．突然停止，呆住；结冰 freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的)
be frozen to death冻死 freezing cold极冷的
(1)It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and ________(freeze) fog hung in the air.(2021·全国甲)
(2)Ants live nearly everywhere，except on ____________(freeze) mountaintops and around the poles.
(3)(读后续写之动作语言描写)父亲走进屋里，搓着手，跺着脚，说：“外面极冷。我差点被冻死了。”
Father came into the house，rubbing his hands and stamping his feet，saying，“________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________”
(4)(读后续写之神态描写)当他听到这个消息时，他的笑容凝固了，不相信地摇着头。
________________________________________________________________________，and he shook his head in disbelief.
desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切 (desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的 desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地)
in desperation绝望地；不顾一切地 be desperate for渴望得到…… be desperate to do...渴望做……
(1)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.I ran ____________(desperate) but failed to catch up.
(2)(读后续写之绝望心理描写)我绝望地摇摇晃晃地走出演讲厅，我的腿好像灌了铅。
I staggered out of the lecture hall ____________________________________ and it seemed as if my legs were as heavy as lead.
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)我真的非常渴望有机会被贵公司录取，如果您能尽早回复我，我将不胜感激。
__________________________________________________________________________________ to be admitted to your company and I would appreciate it a lot if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
(4)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您给我这个宝贵的机会。(应用文写作之申请信)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(运用形容词短语作状语)
ease n．轻易，毫不费劲；舒适，悠闲 v．减轻，缓解；使容易；(使)小心翼翼地移动 (easy adj.容易的 easily adv.容易地；不费力地)
with ease＝easily容易地；不费力地 feel at ease 舒适自在 put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在 ease sb of...使某人消除/减轻…… ease one’s mind使某人安心
(1)(话题写作之体育运动)Playing basketball serves as a good way to ease us ____________ our great study pressure and find some pleasure at the same time.
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松下来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。
My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon ____________________________________.She was smart and humorous and I __________________________________with her.
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。
If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can ____________________________________________________________.
aboard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)[board vt.& vi.上船(或火车，飞机，公共汽车等) n．木板；董事会；伙食 broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 abroad adv.在/到国外；在/到海外]
go aboard上船(飞机，火车等) aboard the train/plane/ship在火车/飞机/船上 board a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车 on board在(船，车，飞机等)上
(1)(读后续写之外貌描写)他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，总是满面笑容。
He is tall ____________________________________ and a beard and always ________________________________________________________________________.
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。
________________________________________________________________________，I’m writing to inform you of some necessary do’s and don’ts.
(3)她们在上车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失在视线之外。
They had said goodbye to each other before ____________________________________，but the mother kept waving hands to _____________________________________________________ until the train went out of sight.
comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n．舒适感，满足感；令人感到安慰的人或事物 [comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的 comfortably adv.舒适地 uncomfortable adj.(人)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的]
be a comfort to/for sb对某人来说是个安慰 in comfort＝comfortably舒适地 comfort zone舒适区 comfort sb with sth用某物安慰某人
(1)We sat in the forest ____________(comfort)，with leaves fluttering in the breeze.
＝We sat in the forest ____________ comfort，with leaves fluttering in the breeze.
(2)显然，对我们来说，在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。
Evidently，___________________________________________________________________.
(3)只有走出舒适区，我们才能取得更大的进步。
________________________________________________________________________ will we make greater progress.
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。
______________________________________，my father rose to his feet，approached me and gathered me into his arms，_________________________________________________.
though引导的让步状语从句的倒装　The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。
在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形往往提前到句首，构成部分倒装。
(1)Briefly ____________ she explained，we still learned a lot from her words.
(2)尽管他是个孩子，但当玉米收获时，他尽了自己的责任。
________________________________________，he did his part when the corn was harvested.
(3)虽然我们筋疲力尽，但我们感到非常高兴和自豪，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
________________________________________________________________________，we felt very jocund and proud，with our eyes twinkling with great glee.
(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)尽管我尽力了，但我失败了，一阵绝望席卷了我的全身。
________________________________________________________________________，I failed and a wave of desperation swept across me.
用法点拨　如果位于句首的是作表语的单数可数名词，名词前不加冠词。
nor 位于句首引起的部分倒装　I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine.
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
表示前文所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”。注意三个一致： 逻辑一致：如果前文是肯定句，后文用so引导。如果前文是否定句，后文用neither/nor引导。 人称一致：即so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和主语的人称和数保持一致。 助动词一致：so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和前面句子中所使用的助动词/系动词类型保持一致。
(1)Unfortunately，I slipped at the entrance to the park，____________ did my brother.
(2)I haven’t submitted my application form，__________________________________ has Tom.
(3)我的父母对我期末考试的成绩不满意，我也不满意，一种绝望的感觉席卷了我们。
My parents were not content with my grades in the end-of-term examination，________________________，and a sense of desperation washed over us.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1．When I wanted to fill in the blanks①，my mind suddenly went blank②.Anxious about the blank③ in my mind，I cast a blank④ expression to my deskmate，begging for help.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
2．Aware that my deskmate made some slips① in the math paper，I passed a slip② to her.She was about to slip③ the slip into her pocket when our math teacher spotted her.She slipped④ into helplessness and fright.What was worse，when she left the classroom，she slipped⑤ at the entrance，making our classmates burst into laughter.She struggled to her feet and slipped⑥ to her home，with her face flushing.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
⑤________________　⑥________________
3．While I was wandering① through the street，my mind began to wander②.What kind of future would I have
①________________　②________________
4．With waves① crashing against the shore，we had to wave② goodbye to each other and a wave③ of sadness swept across us.
①________________　②________________
③________________
5．When I learned that the ship sank① to the bottom of the river，my heart sank② and I let out a sigh，sinking③ into a chair.
①________________　②________________
③________________
6．There is solid① news that solid② balls and solid③ fuel are being sold at a discount and there are also high-quality bricks，which can lay a solid④ foundation for my new house to be built.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
7．My son has been absorbing① himself in absorbing② more knowledge by reading every day.Now he knows that one hectare of forest can absorb③ about 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year and that well-designed sports shoes should absorb④ the impact on the feet.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
8．To ease① the pain，he eased② his injured foot into his shoe.After he was told that his foot would fully recover in three days，his mind was at ease③.At the thought of walking with ease④ soon，he couldn’t contain his excitement.
①________________　②________________
③________________　④________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The novel was so ____________(absorb) that I was entirely fascinated by it.
2．The lawyer stares ____________ her as if to see if there are some flaws in her evidence.
3．Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your __________(emotion) health.
4．The girl who is hungry and thirsty is desperate _____________ some food and water.
5．All the applicants have submitted relevant materials ____________ the personnel department.
6．The first time I came to this school，I was ___________________________________(freeze) with shock facing the new surroundings.
7．Children，on the other hand，have no idea that insect population has dropped ____________(dramatic)．(2023·北京)
8.Altogether，you shouldn’t take it ____________ granted that you are sure to be employed because you look intelligent.
9．High ____________ his salary was，he was quite thrifty and only spent money on necessities.
10．Good appearance can’t guarantee you a decent salary，nor ____________ a bachelor’s degree.
(2024·上海1月) 假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华。你们学校将邀请文学教授Tom Johnson为学生做讲座，你负责与他联系。他给你发了一封电子邮件(内容如下)，请根据他在电子邮件中提出的要求写一封回信。 Dear Li Hua， Thank you for inviting me.For my lecture，I’d like to know about what literature interests Chinese students most.Please give me two questions you’d like me to answer and tell me why you choose these two questions.Looking forward to your reply and hoping to see you soon. Yours sincerely， Tom Johnson
完成句子
1．在我看来，文学的以下两个方面是如此重要和有意义以至于会吸引我们学生。(so...as to...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．中国学生对引发跨文化体验的文学作品非常感兴趣，他们渴望欣赏这些作品。(so...that...；long to do；现在分词短语作后置定语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．接下来是第二个问题。(then位于句首引起的完全倒装)
________________________________________________________________________
4．我们学生渴望了解反映当代社会问题的文学作品。(desperate；that引导的定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
5．我强烈建议你专注于上述问题，引导我们对文学进行更深刻的反思。(be absorbed in；现在分词短语作状语)
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　romance；dramatic；contradictory；logic；disbelief；glee；jocund；gay；pensive；bliss；violent；desperation；sink；unconscious；blank；sprightly
[环境描写]　absorbing；icy；vine；frozen；breeze；bay；sparkling；daybreak
美句 1.In November，a cold，unseen stranger，whom the doctors called Pneumonia，arrived in Greenwich Village.(拟人手法) 2．...she lay，barely moving，in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.(动作描写) 3．What’s more，a cold rain was falling，mixed with snow.(环境描写) 4．Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew？(反问句) 5．“Help，help！” I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation.(情感描写) 6．It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.(拟人手法) 7．I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water.I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last time，then I sank.(动作链描写) 8．The countryside there is wild，natural and beautiful.(环境描写)
拓展语料积累　动作细节描写：动“手臂”
单词 hug v．& n．拥抱　wave v．挥舞(手臂)　raise v．举起，抬起
词块 wave one’s arms 挥动双臂　fold one’s arms 某人双臂交叉　hold out/open one’s arms 某人伸出/张开双臂　pull/gather sb into one’s arms 把某人拉/抱在怀中　put/throw one’s arms around sb搂住某人　take one’s arm挽住某人的胳膊　catch/grab one’s arm抓住某人的胳膊　with crossed arms双臂交叉　arm in arm手挽手，臂挽臂
句型 He stood there with crossed arms，looking angry.他双臂交叉站在那里，看起来很生气。 They are sure to welcome you with open arms.他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。 Walking in front of us were two cute twin sisters，arm in arm. 两个可爱的双胞胎姐妹手挽着手走在我们前面。 Stunned，I stood up and gave her a grateful hug/hugged her in gratitude. 我很惊讶，站起来感激地拥抱了她。 He parked down the street not far from Bobby’s house，and rushed to his front door，waving wildly inwards.(现在分词短语作状语) 他把车停在离鲍比家不远的街上，冲到前门，疯狂地向里挥手。
语料运用　主题：文学创作
Encouraged by my literature teacher，I decided to create my own literary work—an absorbing adventure story ①___________________________________________________(定语从句)．During his journey，he ②__________________________________________________ and made a lot of joyful friends.The moral I wanted to convey was love and friendship.The moment I finished the structure，③________________________________________________，hoping he could polish it for me.He stared at my script，④_______________________________________(独立主格)．After a while，he raised his eyes from my story，⑤______________________________ and ⑥________________________________________________，exclaiming，“Unbelievable！Never have I read a better story！” Stunned，I ⑦_______________________________，and then ⑧____________________________________________________.After all，I made a good start on my literary road.
在文学老师的鼓励下，我决定创作自己的文学作品——一个引人入胜的冒险故事，故事中一个男孩被幻想所吸引，扬帆探索世界。在旅途中，他经历了一系列惊心动魄的事件，交了很多快乐的朋友。我想传达的寓意是爱和友谊。一完成故事框架，我就把它交给了我的老师，希望他能为我修改润色。仔细看着我的手稿，他闪闪发光的眼睛闪烁着幸福和兴奋。过了一会儿，他从我的故事中抬起眼睛，温和地凝视着我，并把我拉入他怀中，惊呼道：“太难以置信了！我从来没有读过比这更好的故事！”我惊呆了，感激地拥抱了他，紧接着一阵喜悦涌上了我的心头。毕竟，我在文学道路上有了一个不错的开端。
答案精析
排查·基础知识
积累
(1)不合规格的；标准以下的　(2)地下第二层　(3)副首领，二头目
(4)漂浮的　(5)等待　(6)与历史无关的；无历史记载的
体验
主从复合　原因状语　定语　我们之所以会受到甜食的诱惑是因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量匮乏的世界，我们的大脑对这些甜食形成了一种反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。　
词汇串记
1．and　2.addicted　3.whose　4.to act　5.wrapped
6．sailing　7.struck　8.desperation　9.when　10.an
突破·核心考点
1．(1)absorbing　(2)into　(3)try to absorb my attention
(4)①was absorbed in/absorbed himself in his work
②Absorbed in his work　③Absorbing himself in his work
2．(1)submission　(2)submitted　(3)must submit the applications and relevant materials to the Student Association by May 15
(4)I won’t submit (myself) to others’ thoughts
3．(1)stared at　(2)glanced at　(3)gazed at　(4)glaring at
4．(1)freezing　(2)frozen　(3)It is freezing cold outside.I am almost frozen to death.　(4)When he heard the news，his smile froze
5．(1)desperately　(2)in desperation/desperately　(3)I am really desperate for the opportunity　(4)Desperate for the opportunity to be a volunteer
6．(1)of　(2)put/set me at ease；felt at ease 　(3)improve your written English with ease/easily
7．(1)with broad shoulders；wears a broad smile　(2)Learning that you will go abroad for further study　(3)going aboard/boarding the train；her daughter on board
8．(1)comfortably；in　(2)drinking a cup of hot milk on a cold night is a real comfort to/for us　(3)Only if we step out of the comfort zone　(4)Seeing I was uncomfortable with the scene；gently comforting me with inspiring words
9．(1)as/though　(2)Child as/though he was　(3)Exhausted as/though we were　(4)Try as/though I might
10．(1)so　(2)neither/nor　(3)neither/nor was I
基础达标
Ⅰ.1.①n.(纸张上的)空白处　②adj.空白的　③n.空白　④adj.无表情的，木然的
2．①n.小错误　②n.纸条　③vi.把……悄悄地放在
④vi.陷入　⑤vi.滑倒　⑥vi.溜走
3．①v.徘徊，闲逛　②v.走神，胡思乱想
4．①n.海浪，波涛　②v.挥手　③n.(行为、活动或感情的)一阵
5．①v.下沉，沉没　②v.沮丧　③v.坐下，倒下
6．①adj.可靠的　②adj.实心的　③adj.固体的
④adj.坚固的，牢固的
7．①vt.吸引，使专心　②vt.理解，掌握　③vt.吸收
④vt.缓冲
8．①v.减轻，缓解　②v.(使)小心翼翼地移动　③n.舒适，悠闲　④n.轻易，毫不费劲
Ⅱ.1.absorbing　2.at　3.emotional　4.for　5.to　6.frozen
7．dramatically　8.for　9.though/as　10.can
提升·写作能力　应用文增分练
参考范文
Dear Professor Johnson，
Thank you very much for your prompt response.As far as I am concerned，the following two aspects of literature are so significant and meaningful as to appeal to us students.
Chinese students are so interested in literature triggering cross-cultural experiences that they long to appreciate such works.Could you share some Western literary works，comparing them with Chinese literature？This comparison would not only enhance our understanding of the similarities and differences between cultures but also inspire a deeper appreciation for literature on a global scale.
Then comes the second question.We students are desperate to learn about literary works that reflect contemporary societal issues.Could you discuss literary pieces that address current social problems，particularly those that encourage profound reflection and discussion？This approach would allow students to connect literature with their daily lives and gain a better understanding of social challenges.
I strongly recommend that you should be absorbed in the above questions，guiding us toward more profound reflections on literature.We look forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
续写积累提能练
①in which a boy was attracted by fantasies and set off on a sail to explore the world　②experienced a series of dramatic and thrilling incidents　③I submitted it to my teacher　④his sparkling eyes twinkling with bliss and excitement　⑤gazed at me gently　⑥gathered me in his arms　⑦gave him a grateful hug/hugged him in gratitude　⑧a wave of glee surged in my heart(共122张PPT)
LITERATURE
选择性必修第三册　UNIT 8
内容索引
排查基础知识
突破核心考点
提升写作能力
排查基础知识
Part One
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
n.小说；虚构的事
n.寓言
n.(艺术、写作、音乐等的)类型，体裁
n.爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
n.侦探，警探
adj.主观的；主语的
1
fiction
2
fable
3
genre
4
romance
知识速记
5
detective
6
subjective
音频见PPT“图书打包下载”
adj.矛盾的；抵触的
n.谜，谜语；谜团
n.押韵
n.(说话的)语气，口气，腔调；(尤指乐器或说话的)音
调，音色，音质
n.(书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境
n.时代，年代
n.搁板，架子
7
contradictory
8
riddle
9
rhyme
10
tone
11
setting
12
era
13
shelf
vt.(用电磁波等)扫描
adj.未受注意的；未被看见的
n.肺炎
adv.倒着，朝反方向；向后
n.常春藤
n.葡萄属植物；葡萄藤
n.胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法)
14
scan
15
unseen
16
pneumonia
17
backwards
18
ivy
19
vine
20
nonsense
n.窗帘；门帘；帘子
n.(学校或大楼的)看门人，门房，管理员
n.英寸
vi.缓慢移动
adj.奇怪的，难以解释的
n.(马的)挽具，马具
adj.被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的
n.小薄片
21
curtain
22
janitor
23
inch
24
queer
25
harness
26
downy
27
flake
n.水仙(花)，黄水仙
n.谷；山谷
n.(尤指地域或水域的)边缘，边隅；页边的空白，页边
n.湾，海湾
adj.活跃的，充满活力的
n.高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸
adj.快乐的，兴奋的
adj.快活的；高兴的
28
daffodil
29
vale
30
margin
31
bay
32
sprightly
33
glee
34
gay [旧时]
35
jocund
adv.经常，时常
n.长沙发
adj.空的，未被占用的
adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的
adj.内心的，精神的
n.极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福
n.独处，独居
36
oft
37
couch
38
vacant
39
pensive
40
inward
41
bliss
42
solitude
n.里格(旧时长度单位，约5 000米)；体育运动联合会，
联赛；联盟，同盟
n.想起，记起
n.生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在
n.鲸
n.武器，兵器；凶器
n.钢，钢铁
n.水手，海员；水兵
44
recollection
45
being
46
whale
47
weapon
48
steel
49
seaman
43
league
adj.民间的，民俗的
n.逻辑；道理，合理的想法
vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵
n.结构，构造；建筑物，结构体
vi.凝视，盯着看
adj.空白的；无表情的，木然的
n.(纸张上的)空白处，空格；空白
1
folk
2
logic
3
recite
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
4
structure
5
stare
6
blank
n.毯子，毛毯 vt.覆盖
adv.到旁边，在旁边
vi.& vt.飘；(乘船)航行
vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来
vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒；把……悄悄地放在 ；陷入
n.滑倒；纸条 ；小错误
8
aside
9
sail
10
fetch
7
blanket
11
slip
n.男人；家伙
n.服装，衣服
n.挥动；打扫
vt.& vi.扫，打扫
vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于；蜿蜒 ；走神，胡思乱想
vi.& vt.(在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀)
15
wander
12
fellow
13
clothing
14
sweep
16
flutter
n.微风，和风
vi.闪烁，闪耀
vi.& vt.延伸，绵延 ；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长
n.一瞥，很快的一看
vi.一瞥，看一眼
vi.& vt.甩头 ；扔，掷，抛
n.海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮
vi.& vt.挥动，摆动；挥手
20
glance
17
breeze
18
twinkle
19
stretch
21
toss
22
wave
vi.& n.凝视，盯着看；注视
vi.& vt.下沉，沉没；坐下，倒下 ；沮丧
n.水槽
vt.攫取，抓住
adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
vi.& vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙
vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸；打动，感动 ；划
(火柴) ；罢工 ；突然想到 ；(钟)敲 n.罢工；打击
26
nevertheless
23
gaze
24
sink (sank，sunk)
25
grab
27
drown
28
strike
n.胸部，胸膛
vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹
adj.固体的；坚硬的；实心的；坚固的，牢固的 ；
可靠的
n.固体
n.黎明，破晓
vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音)
prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)
32
daybreak
29
chest
30
bounce
31
solid
33
utter
34
aboard
n.有学问的人；学者
vi.击剑
n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆
n.手帕
adj.高尚的，崇高的 ；贵族的
38
noble
35
scholar
36
fence
37
handkerchief
1
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
poetry n.诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意
→poet n.诗人
→poem n.诗
2
literary adj.文学的
→literature n.文学；文献资料
3
icy adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的
→ice n.冰
4
disbelief n.不信，怀疑
→belief n.相信；信心；信念
→believe v.相信
→disbelieve v.不信，怀疑
5
crime n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动
→criminal n.罪犯
6
unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的
→conscious adj.察觉到的；意识到的；有知觉的
→consciousness n.知觉；觉悟；意识
7
polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的 ；精致的
→polish v.擦亮，磨光 n.抛光；完美，精湛
8
comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感；令人感到安慰的人或事物
→comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的
→comfortably adv.舒适地
→uncomfortable adj.(人)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的
9
emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的
→emotion n.情绪，情感
10
forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕
→forgiveness n.原谅，宽恕，饶恕
11
drama n.戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件
→dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；
表演的，戏剧的
→dramatically adv.戏剧地；显著地
12
fantasy n.幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想
→fantastic adj.极好的
13
historical adj.历史的
→historic adj.历史上著名的；有历史意义的
→history n.历史
→historian n.历史学家
14
adventure n.历险，奇遇
→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；惊险的
15
mystery n.难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事
→mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的
16
continuous adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的
→continue v.延续，继续
→continuation n.延续，继续部分
17
stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的
→stimulate vt.刺激；激励
→stimulation n.刺激；激励；激发
18
poison n.毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀
→poisonous adj.有毒的
19
registration n.登记，注册
→register v.登记；注册
20
desperation n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切
→desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的
→desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地
21
preservation n.维护；保护；保持，维持；保存
→preserve vt.维护；保护
22
construction n.建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑
→construct vt.建筑，建造
→constructive adj.建设性的
23
absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的
→absorb vt.吸收；理解，掌握 ；吸引，使专心 ；缓冲
→absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志的
24
sparkling adj.闪亮的，闪光的
→sparkle vi.闪烁，闪耀
25
frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的
→freeze v.突然停止，呆住 ；结冰
→freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的
26
violent adj.强烈的 ；暴力的，强暴的
→violently adv.粗暴地；强烈地
→violence n.暴力，暴行
27
ease n.轻易，毫不费劲；舒适，悠闲 v.减轻，缓解 ；使容易；
(使)小心翼翼地移动
→easy adj.容易的
→easily adv.容易地；不费力地
28
evidently adv.明显地，显然
→evident adj.明显的
→evidence n.证据
29
submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服
→submission n.屈服；提交(物)；呈递(物)
1.sub-是一个常见的词根和词缀，意为“在……的下面；在……以下；次于；替代；弱；副，亚，次；分支”，通常用于构成其他单词，并赋予它们特定的含义。如submarine＝sub(在下面)＋marine(海洋)→潜艇，subconscious＝sub(在下面)＋conscious(有意识的)→潜意识的。
2.前缀a-：
①表示“在……，……的”，如aside＝a(在)＋side(边)→到旁边，abroad＝a(在)＋broad(辽阔)→在国外，afield＝a(在)＋field(田野)→在远处。
②表示加强，如afresh(重新，再度)，amass(积累，积聚)。
③表示“不、无、非”，如amoral(无道德感的)＝ a(非)＋ moral(道德的)，atypical(非典型的)＝ a(不)＋ typical(典型的)。
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
(1)It comes as a shock to us that some milk powder producers produce substandard milk powder which would bring harm to babies.
(猜加颜色词义)
(2)My private car is parked in the subbasement，which is more convenient for me. __________
(3)I am writing to congratulate you on your being promoted as subchief in our company. _______________
(4)The ancient people thought that the earth was afloat in water. _______
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
不合规格的；标准以下的
地下第二层
副首领，二头目
漂浮的
(5)We await your decision.We are expecting you to make a decision. ____
(6)Unluckily，the whole matter is ahistorical and nobody knows for sure what on earth happened at that time. __________________________
积累 —— 构词法　学一法　会一类
等待
与历史无关的；无历史记载的
dull/d l/ adj.无趣的，枯燥的
interfere with sth/sb 妨碍，阻止
resist/rI'zIst/ vi.& vt.忍住，按捺；反抗，抵御
intellectual/ Int 'lekt u l/ adj.智力的，脑力的
notable/'n t b l/ adj.显要的；显著的
1
2
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
3
4
5
genetic/d 'netIk/ adj.基因的，遗传学的
inherit/In'herIt/ vt.经遗传得到
fairly/'fe li/ adv.相当，颇；公平合理地
perceptive/p 'septIv/ adj.观察敏锐的，洞察力强的
observant/ b'z v nt/ adj.观察敏锐的，机警的
6
8
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
7
9
10
witty/'wIti/ adj.说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
inquisitive/In'kwIz tIv/ adj.好问的，爱探究的
11
——背选修词汇
拔高词汇
12
1
2
stare at 盯着看
in an attempt to do sth 试着做某事
make up one’s mind 下定决心
be tired of 厌倦
with disbelief 不相信地；怀疑地
hold on 坚持；等一等
in desperation 绝望地
struggle against 为反对……而斗争
3
4
5
6
Ⅳ.背核心短语
7
8
10
wake up 醒来
search...for... 为了寻找……而搜查……
shake with cold 冷得发抖
take...for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
11
12
9
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1
In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint.(long to do...)
40年来，他从未创作出他渴望画的杰作。
2
The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.(so...that...)
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
3
If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much greater ease.(so...as to...)
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
4
The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.(though引导的让步状语从句的倒装)
撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。
5
I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine.(nor位于句首引起的部分倒装)
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
Then came the sound of a heavy door opening，and two seamen appeared.(then位于句首引起的完全倒装)
接着传来了沉重的开门声，两位水手出现了。
6
(2024·浙江1月)We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value—a feeling of reward and satisfaction.
[句式分析]　此句是 句。because引导 从句，that引导
从句，修饰先行词a response mechanism。
[尝试翻译]　___________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
体验 —— 析真题长句　知高考难度
我们之所以会受到甜食的诱惑是因为我们的祖先生活在一个热量匮乏的世界，我们的大脑对这些甜食形成了一种反应机制，反映了它们的价值——一种奖励和满足感。
主从复合
原因状语
定语
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.fiction n._______________
2.romance n.________________________
3.fable n._____
4.subjective adj._______________
5.contradictory adj.______________
6.queer adj.__________________
默写
词汇句型巩固(默写练习一) 词汇默写
小说；虚构的事
爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
寓言
主观的；主语的
矛盾的；抵触的
奇怪的，难以解释的
7.setting n.___________________________________
8.scan vt.________________
9.unseen adj._______________________
10.nonsense n._____________________________
(书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境
(用电磁波等)扫描
未受注意的；未被看见的
胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法)
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. adj.民间的，民俗的
2. vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵
3. n.结构，构造；建筑物，结构体
4. n.毯子，毛毯
vt.覆盖
5. vi.凝视，盯着看
6. vi.& vt.飘；(乘船)航行
7. vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来
folk
recite
structure
blanket
stare
sail
fetch
8. n.挥动；打扫
vt.& vi.扫，打扫
9. vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于；蜿蜒；走神，
胡思乱想
10. vi.& vt.(在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀)
11. vi.闪烁，闪耀
12. vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长
sweep
wander
flutter
twinkle
stretch
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. n.幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想
→ adj.极好的
2. n.戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件
→ adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然
的；表演的，戏剧的
→ adv.戏剧地；显著地
fantasy
fantastic
drama
dramatic
dramatically
3. adj.文学的
→ n.文学；文献资料
4. adj.历史的
→ adj.历史上著名的；有历史意义的
→ n.历史
→ n.历史学家
5. adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的
→ n.冰
literary
literature
historical
historic
history
historian
icy
ice
6. n.罪，罪行；犯罪活动
→ n.罪犯
7. adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的
→ v.擦亮，磨光
n.抛光；完美，精湛
8. adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的
→ n.情绪，情感
crime
criminal
polished
polish
emotional
emotion
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1. adj.无趣的，枯燥的
2. vi.& vt.忍住，按捺；反抗，抵御
3. adv.相当，颇；公平合理地
4.notable adj._______________
5.witty adj._______________________
dull
resist
fairly
显要的；显著的
说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 盯着看
2. 试着做某事
3. 下定决心
4. 厌倦
5. 坚持；等一等
stare at
in an attempt to do sth
make up one’s mind
be tired of
hold on
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.With so many different forms of to choose from，students may eventually be willing to write of their own.(poem)
2.Lucy，a young girl from America，is fond of and those around her are fascinated by her experiences.(adventure)
3.The operator complains that these new shoes are not very ___________
though they are designed for .(comfort)
4.It is announced that the who has committed quite a few terrible has been arrested.(crime)
poems
词汇句型巩固(默写练习一) 语境运用
默写
poetry
adventures
adventurous
comfortable
comfort
criminal
crimes
5.There are many impressive stories about the Egyptian pyramids，and how they were made remains a .(mystery)
6.Hearing that the saleswoman held a strong that she could marry that handsome actor，we all shook our heads in .(believe)
7.The guilty salesman sincerely asked for his boss’ (forgive)，and the kind-hearted boss eventually forgave him his mistake.
8. that many people are of the importance of saving water，the administration department determines to launch some campaigns to enhance people’s .(conscious)
mysterious
mystery
belief
disbelief
forgiveness
for
Conscious
unconscious
consciousness
Ⅱ.单句写作，补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.得知你渴望了解中国文学四大名著，我写信向你推荐《红楼梦》。(long to do...) 2.这本书是如此引人入胜和刺激，以至于它吸引了全世界的人。(so...that...) Dear Terry，
Knowing that 1.________________________
，I am writing to recommend Dream of the Red Chamber to you.The book is 2.________________
_________________________________________
__________.
you long to learn about the
Four Great Masterpieces of Chinese Literature
so absorbing and
stimulating that it has attracted people all over the world
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
3.虽然对外国人来说可能有点难，但我相信你一开始读它就会喜欢上它。(though引导的让步状语从句的倒装) Written by the famous novelist Cao Xueqin，the novel whose setting is in the Qing Dynasty is of great significance in the history of Chinese literature.Especially attractive is that it contains many graceful classical Chinese poems，which I believe will be beneficial to your Chinese.
3. ，I am confident that it will appeal to you the moment you start reading it.I sincerely hope that you enjoy reading this novel and can share your feelings and opinions with me.
Yours，
Li Hua
A little difficult though it may be for foreigners
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.sprightly adj.___________________
2.oft adv.___________
3.bliss n.___________________________
4.jocund adj.______________
5.vacant adj._________________
默写
词汇句型巩固(默写练习二) 词汇默写
活跃的，充满活力的
经常，时常
极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福
快活的；高兴的
空的，未被占用的
6.pensive adj.___________________
7.being n._______________________________
8.weapon n.__________________
9.solitude n.____________
10.recollection n.___________
沉思的；郁郁不乐的
生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在
武器，兵器；凶器
独处，独居
想起，记起
Ⅱ.重点单词
1. n.一瞥，很快的一看
vi.一瞥，看一眼
2. (sank，sunk) vi.& vt.下沉，沉没；坐下，倒下；沮丧
n.水槽
3. adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
4. vi.& vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙
5. n.胸部，胸膛
6. vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹
glance
sink
nevertheless
drown
chest
bounce
7. vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛
8. vi.& n.凝视，盯着看；注视
9. adj.固体的；坚硬的；实心的；坚固的，牢固的；
可靠的
n.固体
10. vt.攫取，抓住
11. n.黎明，破晓
12. vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音)
13. n.有学问的人；学者
toss
gaze
solid
grab
daybreak
utter
scholar
14. vi.击剑
n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆
15. adj.高尚的，崇高的；贵族的
fence
noble
Ⅲ.拓展单词
1. n.毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀
→ adj.有毒的
2. vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服
→ n.屈服；提交(物)；呈递(物)
3. n.登记，注册
→ v.登记；注册
poison
poisonous
submit
submission
registration
register
4. adj.闪亮的，闪光的
→ vi.闪烁，闪耀
5. adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的
→ v.突然停止，呆住；结冰
→ adj.极冷的；冰冻的
6. n.轻易，毫不费劲；舒适，悠闲
v.减轻，缓解；使容易；(使)小心翼翼地移动
→ adj.容易的
→ adv.容易地；不费力地
sparkling
sparkle
frozen
freeze
freezing
ease
easy
easily
Ⅳ.拔高词汇
1. 妨碍，阻止
2. adj.智力的，脑力的
3.genetic adj._________________
4.inherit vt.___________
5.perceptive adj.________________________
interfere with sth/sb
intellectual
基因的，遗传学的
经遗传得到
观察敏锐的，洞察力强的
Ⅴ.核心短语
1. 绝望地
2. 为反对……而斗争
3. 醒来
4. 冷得发抖
5. 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
6. 为了寻找……而搜查……
in desperation
struggle against
wake up
shake with cold
take...for granted
search...for...
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.There is too much in the film，so it is essential to cut the
scenes before broadcasting it on TV.(violent)
2.When seeing so much against him，the defendant was
in panic.(evident)
3.The bridge is under .That means it is being .
(construct)
4.The rain has lasted for about a week，and the weather forecast says that it will for another 3 days.(continue)
violence
词汇句型巩固(默写练习二) 语境运用
默写
violent
evidence
evidently
construction
constructed
continuous
continue
5.Although I am in all the materials，I still have difficulty them all at once.(absorb)
6.These stories have me to bravely pursue my dream and this kind of will benefit me in my life.(stimulate)
7.In ，the soldiers took up their weapons to fight the enemy
.(desperate)
8.We are supposed to set up a group to wild animals from dying out.(preserve)
absorbed
absorbing
absorbing
stimulating
stimulated
stimulation
desperation
desperately
preservation
preserve
Ⅱ.单句写作，补全短文(微写作)
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
1.接着是互动讨论、小组阅读和深刻的分析，这些使我们能够探索文学的深度。(then位于句首引起的完全倒装) Our school has introduced a new English Literature Reading class this semester，aiming to cultivate students’ interest in literature and boost English proficiency.
In each session，we explore a diverse range of literary works，spanning from classic novels to contemporary poetry.1.__________________________________________
，which enable us to explore the depths of literature.
Then come interactive discussions，group
readings，and insightful analyses
单句汉语提示 微写作短文
2.我清楚地记得，最初我对文学知之甚少，也不感兴趣。(nor位于句首引起的部分倒装) 3.它如此有吸引力因此激发了所有学生对文学的兴趣，它无疑是本学期的一大亮点。(so...as to...) I clearly remember that initially I knew little about literature，2. .But now not only does literature reading give me great enjoyment，arousing a newfound passion for literature within me，but I’ve enhanced critical thinking skills.3._____________________
_________________________________________and it has undoubtedly been a highlight of this academic semester.
nor was I interested in it
It is so appealing as to
stimulate all the students’ interest in literature
My nephew，James，is a young fellow who likes different genres of literary works，such as fables，fiction，romances，poetry,1. folk stories.He has a dream to be an actor.He is always 2. (addict) to dramas and dramatic fantasy works 3. plots are absorbing and stimulating.Sometimes he acts in a play.Once he got a chance 4. (act) as an extra(群众演员).In a scene，he wandered backwards and forwards on a frozen lake with his body 5. (wrap) in a dirty blanket，
and
词汇串记
addicted
whose
to act
wrapped
but slipped suddenly.Another time he acted as a seaman 6. (sail) in the icy bay.He and his partners were chasing a whale with weapons for a whole night until daybreak.His clothing fluttered in the cold wind and flakes of snow 7. (strike) him on the face.The sparkling waves were so violent that he was tossed into the water and nearly drowned.He began to sink.In 8. (desperate)，he grabbed a board.He was unconscious 9. he was saved at daybreak.With his eyes twinkling with gratitude，he uttered，“Thanks！Evidently，it was 10._____ incredible adventure！”
sailing
struck
desperation
when
返 回
an
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
突破核心考点
Part Two
adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的 (absorb vt.吸收；理解，掌握；吸引，使专心；缓冲 absorbed adj.被……吸引住；专心致志的)
absorbing
·absorb oneself in全神贯注于
absorb...from...从……中吸收……
absorb...into...把……并入……
·be/get absorbed in全神贯注于
1
(1)The romance in the novel was so (absorb) and touching that I was moved to tears.
(2)Many small shops have been absorbed big businesses due to the strike of the global financial crisis.
absorbing
into
(3)蜂鸟发出一声吱吱的叫声，似乎想要吸引我的注意力。
(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
The hummingbird uttered a squeaking call and it seemed to _________
.
try to
absorb my attention
(4)汤姆全神贯注于工作，所以他忘了通知我开会的时间。
①Tom ，so he forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.
② ，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(形容词短语作状语)
③ ，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词短语作状语)
was absorbed in/absorbed himself in his work
Absorbed in his work
Absorbing himself in his work
submit
submit sth to sb将某物提交给某人
submit (oneself) to屈从于……
2
vt.呈送，提交，呈递；屈服 [submission n.屈服；提交(物)；呈递(物)]
(1)She sighed helplessly，“I shall give up my claim in (submit) to your wishes.”
(2)An essay not (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. (2022·新课标Ⅰ)
submission
submitted
(3)(应用文写作之通知)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日之前将申请书和相关资料提交给学生会。
Those who are interested in the summer camp _________________________
.
(4)大卫擦掉眼泪，高昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。” (2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David wiped his tears and held his head high，uttering determinedly，“ .”
must submit the applications
and relevant materials to the Student Association by May 15
I won’t submit (myself) to others’ thoughts
stare
stare at盯着看，凝视
glare at怒视
glance at扫一眼
gaze at凝视；注目
vi.凝视，盯着看
3
用上面短语的适当形式填空
(1)I the blank test paper，with my hands pulling the hair，totally at a loss.
(2)The fellow the menu casually and ordered a steak and a cup of coffee.
(3)With her chin on her hands，the girl the poet with sparkling eyes.
(4)“Nonsense！” said my father angrily， me in disbelief.
stared at
glanced at
gazed at
glaring at
frozen
·be frozen to death冻死
·freezing cold极冷的
adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的 (freeze v.突然停止，呆住；结冰 freezing adj.极冷的；冰冻的)
(1)It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and (freeze) fog hung in the air. (2021·全国甲)
(2)Ants live nearly everywhere，except on (freeze) mountaintops and around the poles.
4
freezing
frozen
(3)(读后续写之动作语言描写)父亲走进屋里，搓着手，跺着脚，说：“外面极冷。我差点被冻死了。”
Father came into the house，rubbing his hands and stamping his feet，saying，“ ”
(4)(读后续写之神态描写)当他听到这个消息时，他的笑容凝固了，不相信地摇着头。
，and he shook his head in disbelief.
It is freezing cold outside.I am almost frozen to death.
When he heard the news，his smile froze
desperation
·in desperation绝望地；不顾一切地
·be desperate for渴望得到……
be desperate to do...渴望做……
n.绝望；拼命，不顾一切 (desperate adj.拼命的，绝望的；不顾一切的；极度渴望的 desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地)
(1)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.I ran (desperate) but failed to catch up.
5
desperately
(2)(读后续写之绝望心理描写)我绝望地摇摇晃晃地走出演讲厅，我的腿好像灌了铅。
I staggered out of the lecture hall and it seemed as if my legs were as heavy as lead.
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)我真的非常渴望有机会被贵公司录取，如果您能尽早回复我，我将不胜感激。
to be admitted to your company and I would appreciate it a lot if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
in desperation/desperately
I am really desperate for the opportunity
(4)我渴望有机会成为一名志愿者。我的确希望您给我这个宝贵的机会。(应用文写作之申请信)
，I do hope you can offer me the precious opportunity.(运用形容词短语作状语)
Desperate for the opportunity to be a volunteer
ease
·with ease＝easily容易地；不费力地
feel at ease 舒适自在
put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在
·ease sb of...使某人消除/减轻……
ease one’s mind使某人安心
n.轻易，毫不费劲；舒适，悠闲 v.减轻，缓解；使容易；(使)小心翼翼地移动 (easy adj.容易的 easily adv.容易地；不费力地)
6
(1)(话题写作之体育运动)Playing basketball serves as a good way to ease us our great study pressure and find some pleasure at the same time.
of
(2)(读后续写之片段描写)因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松下来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。
My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon .She was smart and humorous and I _________
with her.
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。
If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can _________
.
felt at ease
put/set me at ease
improve
your written English with ease/easily
aboard
·go aboard上船(飞机，火车等)
aboard the train/plane/ship在火车/飞机/船上
·board a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车
on board在(船，车，飞机等)上
prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)[board vt.& vi.上船(或火车，飞机，公共汽车等) n.木板；董事会；伙食 broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 abroad adv.在/到国外；在/到海外]
7
(1)(读后续写之外貌描写)他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，总是满面笑容。
He is tall and a beard and always ____________
.
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。
，I’m writing to inform you of some necessary do’s and don’ts.
with broad shoulders
wears a broad
smile
Learning that you will go abroad for further study
(3)她们在上车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失在视线之外。
They had said goodbye to each other before ________________________
，but the mother kept waving hands to ______________________
until the train went out of sight.
going aboard/boarding the
train
her daughter on board
8
vt.安慰，抚慰 n.舒适感，满足感；令人感到安慰的人或事物 [comfortable adj.舒适的，舒服的 comfortably adv.舒适地 uncomfortable adj.(人)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的]
comfort
·be a comfort to/for sb对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably舒适地
comfort zone舒适区
·comfort sb with sth用某物安慰某人
(1)We sat in the forest (comfort)，with leaves fluttering in the breeze.
＝We sat in the forest comfort，with leaves fluttering in the breeze.
(2)显然，对我们来说，在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。
Evidently，___________________________________________________
.
(3)只有走出舒适区，我们才能取得更大的进步。
will we make greater progress.
comfortably
in
drinking a cup of hot milk on a cold night is a real comfort
to/for us
Only if we step out of the comfort zone
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在怀里，用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。
，my father rose to his feet，approached me and gathered me into his arms，___________
.
Seeing I was uncomfortable with the scene
gently
comforting me with inspiring words
9
The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。
though引导的让步状语从句的倒装
在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形往往提前到句首，构成部分倒装。
(1)Briefly she explained，we still learned a lot from her words.
as/though
(2)尽管他是个孩子，但当玉米收获时，他尽了自己的责任。
，he did his part when the corn was harvested.
(3)虽然我们筋疲力尽，但我们感到非常高兴和自豪，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
，we felt very jocund and proud，with our eyes twinkling with great glee.
Child as/though he was
Exhausted as/though we were
(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)尽管我尽力了，但我失败了，一阵绝望席卷了我的全身。
，I failed and a wave of desperation swept across me.
用法点拨　如果位于句首的是作表语的单数可数名词，名词前不加冠词。
Try as/though I might
10
I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine.
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
nor 位于句首引起的部分倒装
表示前文所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动词＋主语”。注意三个一致：
·逻辑一致：如果前文是肯定句，后文用so引导。如果前文是否定句，后文用
neither/nor引导。
·人称一致：即so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和主语的人称和数保持一致。
·助动词一致：so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和前面句子中所使用的助动词/
系动词类型保持一致。
(1)Unfortunately，I slipped at the entrance to the park， did my brother.
(2)I haven’t submitted my application form， has Tom.
(3)我的父母对我期末考试的成绩不满意，我也不满意，一种绝望的感觉席卷了我们。
My parents were not content with my grades in the end-of-term examination， ，and a sense of desperation washed over us.
so
neither/nor
neither/nor was I
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
请写出语段中加序号单词的词性和意思。
1.When I wanted to fill in the blanks①，my mind suddenly went blank②.Anxious about the blank③ in my mind，I cast a blank④ expression to my deskmate，begging for help.
①___ _　②__ _____　③________　
④________________ ___
n.(纸张上的)空白处
adj.空白的
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
基础达标
n.空白
adj.无表情的，木然的
2.Aware that my deskmate made some slips① in the math paper，I passed a slip② to her.She was about to slip③ the slip into her pocket when our math teacher spotted her.She slipped④ into helplessness and fright.What was worse，when she left the classroom，she slipped⑤ at the entrance，making our classmates burst into laughter.She struggled to her feet and slipped⑥ to her home，with her face flushing.
① 　② 　③ 　④________　
⑤ 　⑥________
n.小错误
n.纸条
vi.把……悄悄地放在
vi.陷入
vi.滑倒
vi.溜走
3.While I was wandering① through the street，my mind began to wander②.What kind of future would I have
①____ _ 　②______ _______　
4.With waves① crashing against the shore，we had to wave② goodbye to each other and a wave③ of sadness swept across us.
① 　② 　③___________________________
v.徘徊，闲逛
v.走神，胡思乱想
n.海浪，波涛
v.挥手
n.(行为、活动或感情的)一阵
5.When I learned that the ship sank① to the bottom of the river，my heart sank② and I let out a sigh，sinking③ into a chair.
① 　② 　③_____________
6.There is solid① news that solid② balls and solid③ fuel are being sold at a discount and there are also high-quality bricks，which can lay a solid④ foundation for my new house to be built.
① 　② 　③ 　④___________________
v.下沉，沉没
v.沮丧
v.坐下，倒下
adj.可靠的
adj.实心的
adj.固体的
adj.坚固的，牢固的
7.My son has been absorbing① himself in absorbing② more knowledge by reading every day.Now he knows that one hectare of forest can absorb③ about 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year and that well-designed sports shoes should absorb④ the impact on the feet.
① 　② 　③________
④________
vt.吸引，使专心
vt.理解，掌握
vt.吸收
vt.缓冲
8.To ease① the pain，he eased② his injured foot into his shoe.After he was told that his foot would fully recover in three days，his mind was at ease③.At the thought of walking with ease④ soon，he couldn’t contain his excitement.
① 　② 　③______________
④__________________
v.减轻，缓解
v.(使)小心翼翼地移动
n.舒适，悠闲
n.轻易，毫不费劲
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1.The novel was so (absorb) that I was entirely fascinated by it.
2.The lawyer stares her as if to see if there are some flaws in her evidence.
3.Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your (emotion) health.
4.The girl who is hungry and thirsty is desperate some food and water.
5.All the applicants have submitted relevant materials the personnel department.
absorbing
at
emotional
for
to
6.The first time I came to this school，I was (freeze) with shock facing the new surroundings.
7.Children，on the other hand，have no idea that insect population has dropped (dramatic). (2023·北京)
8. Altogether，you shouldn’t take it granted that you are sure to be employed because you look intelligent.
9.High his salary was，he was quite thrifty and only spent money on necessities.
10.Good appearance can’t guarantee you a decent salary，nor a bachelor’s degree.
frozen
dramatically
for
though/as
返 回
can
提升写作能力
Part Three
应用文增分练
文学讲座
(2024·上海1月)
假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华。你们学校将邀请文学教授Tom Johnson为学生做讲座，你负责与他联系。他给你发了一封电子邮件(内容如下)，请根据他在电子邮件中提出的要求写一封回信。
Dear Li Hua，
Thank you for inviting me.For my lecture，I’d like to know about what literature interests Chinese students most.Please give me two questions you’d like me to answer and tell me why you choose these two questions.Looking forward to your reply and hoping to see you soon.
Yours sincerely，
Tom Johnson
1.在我看来，文学的以下两个方面是如此重要和有意义以至于会吸引我们学生。(so...as to...)
_______________________________________________________________
2.中国学生对引发跨文化体验的文学作品非常感兴趣，他们渴望欣赏这些作品。(so...that...；long to do；现在分词短语作后置定语)
_______________________________________________________________
3.接下来是第二个问题。(then位于句首引起的完全倒装)
______________________________________________________________
应用文增分练
完成句子
4.我们学生渴望了解反映当代社会问题的文学作品。(desperate；that引导的定语从句)
______________________________________________________________
5.我强烈建议你专注于上述问题，引导我们对文学进行更深刻的反思。(be absorbed in；现在分词短语作状语)
______________________________________________________________
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
应用文增分练
组句成篇
Dear Professor Johnson，
Thank you very much for your prompt response.As far as I am concerned，the following two aspects of literature are so significant and meaningful as to appeal to us students.
Chinese students are so interested in literature triggering cross-cultural experiences that they long to appreciate such works.Could you share some Western literary works，comparing them with Chinese literature？This comparison would not only enhance our understanding of the similarities and differences between cultures but also inspire a deeper appreciation for literature on a global scale.
应用文增分练
参考范文
Then comes the second question.We students are desperate to learn about literary works that reflect contemporary societal issues.Could you discuss literary pieces that address current social problems，particularly those that encourage profound reflection and discussion？This approach would allow students to connect literature with their daily lives and gain a better understanding of social challenges.
I strongly recommend that you should be absorbed in the above questions，guiding us toward more profound reflections on literature.We look forward to meeting you.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
续写积累提能练
教材语料整合
亮词 [情感描写]　romance；dramatic；contradictory；logic；disbelief；glee；jocund；gay；pensive；bliss；violent；desperation；sink；unconscious；blank；sprightly
[环境描写]　absorbing；icy；vine；frozen；breeze；bay；sparkling；daybreak
[动作描写]　submit；stare；sail；slip；inch；wander；sweep；flutter；twinkle；glance；gaze；grab；drown；strike；utter
美句 1.In November，a cold，unseen stranger，whom the doctors called Pneumonia，arrived in Greenwich Village.(拟人手法)
2....she lay，barely moving，in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.(动作描写)
3.What’s more，a cold rain was falling，mixed with snow.(环境描写)
4.Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew？(反问句)
5.“Help，help！” I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation.(情感描写)
美句 6.It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.(拟人手法)
7.I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and closing，filled with salt water.I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last time，then I sank.
(动作链描写)
8.The countryside there is wild，natural and beautiful.(环境描写)
动作细节描写：动“手臂”
续写积累提能练
拓展语料积累
单词 hug v.& n.拥抱　wave v.挥舞(手臂)　raise v.举起，抬起
词块 wave one’s arms 挥动双臂　fold one’s arms 某人双臂交叉　hold out/open one’s arms 某人伸出/张开双臂　pull/gather sb into one’s arms 把某人拉/抱在怀中　put/throw one’s arms around sb搂住某人　take one’s arm挽住某人的胳膊　catch/grab one’s arm抓住某人的胳膊　with crossed arms双臂交叉　arm in arm手挽手，臂挽臂
句型 He stood there with crossed arms，looking angry.他双臂交叉站在那里，看起来很生气。
They are sure to welcome you with open arms.他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。
Walking in front of us were two cute twin sisters，arm in arm.两个可爱的双胞胎姐妹手挽着手走在我们前面。
Stunned，I stood up and gave her a grateful hug/hugged her in gratitude.
我很惊讶，站起来感激地拥抱了她。
句型 He parked down the street not far from Bobby’s house，and rushed to his front door，waving wildly inwards.(现在分词短语作状语)
他把车停在离鲍比家不远的街上，冲到前门，疯狂地向里挥手。
主题：文学创作
续写积累提能练
语料运用
Encouraged by my literature teacher，I decided to create my own literary work—an absorbing adventure story ①_____________________
(定语从句).During his journey，he ②____________________________________
and made a lot of joyful friends.
in which a boy was
在文学老师的鼓励下，我决定创作自己的文学作品——一个引人入胜的冒险故事，故事中一个男孩被幻想所吸引，扬帆探索世界。在旅途中，他经历了一系列惊心动魄的事件，交了很多快乐的朋友。
attracted by fantasies and set off on a sail to explore the world
experienced a series of dramatic and
thrilling incidents
The moral I wanted to convey was love and friendship.The moment I finished the structure，③ ，hoping he could polish it for me.He stared at my script，④__________________________
(独立主格).After a while，he raised his eyes from my story，⑤ and ⑥ ，exclaiming，
我想传达的寓意是爱和友谊。一完成故事框架，我就把它交给了我的老师，希望他能为我修改润色。仔细看着我的手稿，他闪闪发光的眼睛闪烁着幸福和兴奋。过了一会儿，他从我的故事中抬起眼睛，温和地凝视着我，并把我拉入他怀中，
I submitted it to my teacher
his sparkling eyes twinkling
with bliss and excitement
gazed at me gently
gathered me in his arms
“Unbelievable！ Never have I read a better story！” Stunned，I ⑦ ，and then ⑧______________________________.After all，I made a good start on my literary road.
惊呼道：“太难以置信了！我从来没有读过比这更好的故事！”我惊呆了，感激地拥抱了他，紧接着一阵喜悦涌上了我的心头。毕竟，我在文学道路上有了一个不错的开端。
gave him a grateful hug/hugged him in gratitude
返 回
a wave of glee surged in my heart

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