资源简介

核心 词汇 1．____________ n．不足；缺少；短缺 2．____________ vt．解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 3．____________ n．现实；实际情况；事实　　　　4．____________ vt．使相信；使确信；说服 5．____________ n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得 6．____________ vt．(通常经过努力)获得；得到 7．____________ vt．克服；解决；战胜 8．____________ adj．热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 9．____________ vt．产生；引起 10．____________ adj．完全必要的；极其重要的
阅读 词汇 1．____________ n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车　　　　2．____________ n．危机；危急关头 3．____________ vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励 4．____________ n．产量；产出 vt．出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi．屈服；让步 5．____________ adj．本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 6．____________ n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 7．____________ n．名望；名誉；名人；名流 8．envision vt．____________ 9．tunnel n．____________ 10．flavour n．____________ 11．fertiliser n．____________ 12．alleviate vt．____________ 13．nutrition n．____________ 14．grain n．____________ 15．vision n．____________
拓展 词汇 1．devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→____________ adj．忠诚的→____________ n．献身，热爱 2．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→____________ adj．深的 3．expand vt．& vi．扩大；增加 vt．扩展；发展(业务)→____________ n．扩大，发展 4．conventional adj．传统的；习惯的→____________ n．惯例；常规；习俗 5．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj．特有的；典型的；独特的→____________ n．个性；品质；字符；人物 6．estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算→____________ n．估算；估计 7．consume v．消费→____________ n．消耗；消耗量；消费→____________ n．消费者 8．digest vt．& vi．消化 vt．领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘→____________ n．消化 9．entirely adv．全部地；完整地；完全地→____________ adj．整个的；完全的；全部的
高频 短语 1．________________ 把……用于；献身；致力；专心 2．________________ 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 3．________________ 在内心深处；本质上；实际上 4．________________ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流 5．________________ 例如；比如　　　　　　　　　　6．turn to________________ 7．keep．．．from．．．________________ 8．expand into．．．________________ 9．through intense effort________________ 10．far from________________
句型 公式 1．However, what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat．(主语从句) 然而，他最担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
句型 公式 2．Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life．(“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句) 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。 3．Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China, but many other countries that depend on rice as well, such as India and Vietnam．[not just/only．．． but (also)．．．] 袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。 4．Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year．(It is＋过去分词＋that) 据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
In the field of agriculture, the 1．____________ (short) of water and fertile land poses a serious reality that we must tackle with urgency． To 2．____________ (convincing) address this challenge, we must give up outdated assumptions and embrace innovative solutions． 3．____________ (overcome) the intense pressure to maintain crop yields, farmers are devoting 4．____________ (they) to generating sustainable farming practices．
The essentials of this effort are the expansion of irrigation systems 5．____________ the adoption of drought-resistant crop varieties． By devoting resources 6．____________ research and development, we can estimate the potential of new technologies and, in turn, expand into 7．____________ (efficient) farming methods than they are today．
8．____________ (characterize) by resilience and adaptability, farmers worldwide are demonstrating that by working together, we can overcome the limitations 9．____________ are resulted from nature． As we continue to expand our knowledge and capabilities, the future of agriculture 10．____________ (look) promising, with sustainable practices set to become the norm．
1．convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)But Darwin's scientific studies were so ____________(convince) that more and more people started to believe his theory．
②From his ____________ words，I was entirely ____________ of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly．(convince)
③Great to hear you're coming to the US! I hope I can convince you ____________ (stop) by and visit us in New York．
　读后续写之主旨升华
我完全相信，通过我们的共同努力，我们能够克服这些困难。
____________________________ with our joint efforts we can overcome these difficulties．
◎convince sb． of sth．使某人确信/明白某事
◎convince sb． to do sth．说服某人做某事
◎convince sb． that．．．使某人相信……
◎convinced adj．确信的；信服的
◎be convinced (that．．．)/of．．．坚信……
◎Convinced that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country．确信政府能够带领他们摆脱经济危机，人们对于这个国家的未来充满信心。
2．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)People make the ____________(assume) that if someone important and respected says that something is right, then it must be so．
②Deep down they assumed her ____________ (be) the best singer of their time．
③We are working ____________ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up．
　应用文写作之茶文化
People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory．
→____________________________ not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory． (assumed)
◎on the assumption that．．．假定……
◎make an assumption作出假设
◎assume sb．/sth． (to be)＋adj．/n． 假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
◎It is generally assumed that．．．人们普遍认为……
◎assuming (that)．．．假设……
◎I assumed I'd already have a well-paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18, but how wrong I was!
我以为我已经有了一份收入很好的工作，并且一到18岁就能搬进租来的公寓，但我错的离谱！
3．estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 5)Lying under waters across the globe are an ____________ (estimate) three million shipwrecks．
②We need to ________________________ (作出准确的估计) about the cost of travelling．
③________________________ (据估计) the total cost of rebuilding homes in the country will continue to increase this year．
④________________________(粗略估计)，one third of the country's water has been polluted．
　读后续写之环境描写
据估计，这片古老的森林占地面积超过一千英亩，高大的树木像巨型守护者一般直插云霄。
____________________________ this ancient forest covers an area of over a thousand acres, with tall trees reaching up to the sky like giant guardians．
◎estimate sth．at．．．估算某物为……
◎be estimated to do sth．估计做某事
◎It is estimated (that)．．．据估计……
◎at a rough estimate粗略估计
◎make an accurate estimate作出准确估计
◎It is estimated that extreme weather conditions have endangered the lives of millions of African children．
据估计，极端的天气条件已经危及数百万非洲儿童的生命。
4．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj．可供替代的；非传统的
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)Life throws many ____________ (alternative) at us on a daily basis．
②Solar energy is an alternative ____________ petrol．
③On the assumption that you are available，I can come to your house，or ____________ (alternative)，we can meet in the town．
　应用文写作之海洋保护
面对海洋令人担忧的现状，人类别无选择只能彼此合作解决海洋危机。毕竟，世界上没有东西可以是海洋的替代品。
Faced with the worrying current situation of oceans，human beings ____________________________________ each other to tackle the ocean crisis． After all，nothing in the world can ________________________ oceans．
◎have no alternative/choice but to do sth．别无选择只得做某事
◎there's no alternative but to do sth．别无选择只好做某事
◎an alternative to．．． ……的替代品
◎alternatively adv．可供选择地
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain．
20年前，当他遭受严重的背部疼痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。
5．in turn [课本义]相应地；转而；依次；轮流　[增补义]反过来
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)It can be quite stressful at times, though, which ____________ turn makes me feel anxious．
②They took turns ____________ (stay) awake in case anything went wrong．
　读后续写之连续行为
Some student representatives ①________________ (轮流)to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony． Finally，②it ____________________(轮到我了)． Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and ③________________(反过来)，we should give a helping hand to them from now on． For instance，we and our parents can do housework ④____________________(轮流地)． It ⑤________________ (结果证明) that the ceremony makes a great difference to us．
◎in one's turn轮到某人
◎by turns轮流；交替地
◎take turns doing/to do sth．轮流做某事
◎It is one's turn to do sth．轮到某人做某事
◎It turns/turned out that．．．结果……
◎Just make sure you have an equal share of triumphs and be a gracious winner and loser in your turn．
只需确保你能平等分享成功，并在轮到你的时候做一个优雅的赢家和输家。
6．[教材原句]Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure．(given that引导条件状语从句)
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)____________________________ ___________________ (考虑到工作的复杂性) and the lack of necessary materials, this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year．
　应用文写作之传统文化
鉴于你对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍端午节。
____________________________ you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival—Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you．
◎given (that)．．．＝considering (that)．．．
“鉴于，考虑到”，引导条件状语从句
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future．
考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I think we should devote much more time to ____________ (adjust) to the new environment．
2．A ____________ (short) of reliable evidence is likely to lead to the suspect's being released．
3．My assessments were based on the ____________(assume) that house prices would remain steady．
4．I have no alternative but ____________(ask) him for an appropriate way to solve the problem．
5．The educators in this school took turns ____________ (deliver) a speech in the rural schools．
6．It is essential that he ____________(get) some reliable information before making inferences．
7．Most ____________ ocean basins range in ____________ from about 4 to 6 kilometers, with some narrow trenches(海沟) near Pacific ocean basin margins dropping to as low as 11 km below sea level．(deep)
8．The club is ____________ of an unelected, self-continuing, secretive body ____________ people with vested interests． (comprise)
9．Asking ourselves questions helps us to define our intentions and desires and ____________ the actions needed to make them a ____________．(real)
10．What made me thrilled was ____________ I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．digest
A．vi．& vt．消化　B．vt．领悟；领会C．n．摘要
(1)I only read this digest of the novel，so I don't know the details． ________
(2)I haven't entirely digested what he said just now． ________
(3)Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults． ________
2．overcome
(1)To everyone's shock，in the final game Sweden easily overcame France． ________
(2)His parents were overcome with great sorrow at his grandpa's funeral． ________
(3)In addition，their smile-to-life attitude even in such tough situations also inspired me to overcome any difficulties in life． ________
3．I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now． ________
A．屈服；让步　　B．产生；提供　　C．放弃
4．For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence． ________
A．饥饿 B．渴望 C．胃口
5．I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years． ________
A．饲养 B．农场 C．务农
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．那本我花了很长时间在上面的书非常有知识性。
The book ____________________________________ is very informative．
2．例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。
For example, pesticides can damage the land by killing ________________________．
3．据估计，到2050年，13亿人将把英语作为他们的第一或第二语言。
________________________ 1.3 billion people will use English as their first or second language by 2050．
上周六，你校班委会组织学生到学校劳动实践基地参加春耕、春种等实践活动。请你为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动的过程；
2．活动的意义与感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　写作微练
①上周六，我们在学校劳动实践基地举行了春耕种植实践活动。(spring ploughing and planting practice)
Last Saturday，________________________________________________ in the school's labor practice base．
②我们被分成几个小组，分配各种任务，包括犁地、种树、除草和给蔬菜浇水。(be divided into)
We ____________________________________ and assigned varieties of tasks, including ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．
③中午，我们吃了一顿用农民种的蔬菜做的午餐。
At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables ___________________________．
④在日落之前，我们回到了学校，虽然疲惫但很开心。
Before the sunset，we returned to the school, _______________________________．
⑤通过这次活动，我们不仅意识到了劳动的价值，也学会了尊重所有劳动者。
Through this activity，we ____________________________ the value of labor，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
　句式升级
⑥用定语从句改写句②。
_____________________________________________________________________
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⑦将句⑤改为倒装句。
_____________________________________________________________________
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　妙笔成篇
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　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 tackle；boost；attain；assumption→assume；intense；leisure；deep down
美句 1．Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice． 2．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision．．． 3．Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life． 4．Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut．
拓展 语料 单词 turn转变(眼光)；squeeze挤(眼)；spark冒火花；sparkle闪烁；glisten闪光；glow(眼睛)发光；meet对视；fix盯着；scan扫视；gaze凝视；注视
语块 looked at sb． straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛；fix one's eyes on专注于；tears well up泪水涌上；turn his eyes to把他的目光转向；meet one's eyes与某人对视；feast one's eyes on尽情欣赏，大饱眼福
句型 1．She laughed, her eyes shining with excitement． 她笑了，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 2．She tried to sit up, her eyes fixed on Joan's face． 她试图坐起来，双眼紧盯着琼的脸。 3．His eyes grew wide (＝widened) with horror at what she had done． 他被她所做的事吓得瞪大了眼睛。 4．The dog's hungry eyes were on(＝landed on/fell on) my sandwich． 那只狗用饥饿的眼神盯着我的三明治。 5．He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning． 听到门把转动的声音，他向门那边看去。 6．She looked at her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully． 她直视她父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
　语料运用
①当太阳落山时，女孩转向窗户，她的眼睛扫视着天空，寻找最后的光线。(scan)
As the sun set, the girl turned towards the window, ____________________________ for the last rays of light．
②她的目光落在一群鸟儿身上，它们的翅膀捕捉着夕阳的余晖，她尽情地欣赏着这一奇观。(gaze，feast)
______________________ fell on a flock of birds, ____________ wings were catching the glow of the sunset, and ____________________________ the spectacle．
③突然，她感到身后有人，转过身去发现汤姆站在那里，脸上毫无表情。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Suddenly, she felt a presence behind her and turned to find Tom, ____________________ with a naked expression on his face．
④他们的目光相遇了，闪烁着无言的理解，女孩情不自禁地盯着汤姆的目光，迷失在他眼睛的深处。(fix one's eye on)
Their eyes met, shining with an unspoken understanding, and the girl couldn't help but ________________________， lost in the depth of his eyes．
⑤她看着他的眼睛，心里感到一阵温柔，知道这是件特别的事。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
She looked into his eyes, feeling a gentle squeeze in her heart, ____________________________．
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 4
单元词句 语境背记
核心词汇
1．appropriate　2．demonstrate　3．witness　4．barrier　5．reliable　6．reveal
阅读词汇
1．identical　2．fake　3．trial　4．nonverbal　5．internal　6．垂头弯腰地走(或坐等)　7．察觉；看待；理解　8．手势；姿势；姿态　9．最终；最后　10．干预；介入
拓展词汇
1．various；variety　2．approval　3．employer；employee；　employment　4．difference；different　5．favourable；favourite　6．slightly　7．assessment　8．educate；education；educated　9．tend　10．occupation　11．distinguished　12．distraction；　distracted　13．embarrass；embarrassing；embarrassment　14．adjustment；adjustable　15．interact；interactive　16．interpreter；interpretation　17．shame　18．mere　19．bothered；bothersome　20．reaction
高频短语
1．相比之下　2．(与……)相比较　3．推理；推断　4．消除；分解；打破　5．直起来；整理；收拾整齐　6．in other words　7．call on　8．at work　9．be ashamed of　10．in conflict with sb．(over sth．)
语境串记
1．overlooked　2．to demonstrate　3．Witnessing　4．that/which　5．universally　6．demonstrates　7．to　8．or　9．interaction　10．harmonious
考点归纳 精准讲练
1．①of　②smoking　③approval
[完美写作]①approve our proposal　②give approval to our proposal
2．①to　②has witnessed
[完美写作]①have witnessed the rapid development　②have been a witness
3．①of　②for　③running
[完美写作]favours
4．①occupations　②occupied
[完美写作]①Because they were occupied　②Occupying themselves　③Occupied
5．①between　②and　③distinguished
[完美写作]distinguish between right and wrong
6．①分解　②消除　③(谈判等)失败　④垮掉
[完美写作]break down
7．①not all　②not everyone　③Nothing
[完美写作]①not all of the students/all of the students don't　②Not all the paths to our dreams
基础巩固 达标训练
Ⅰ．1．distinguished；distinguished　2．disapproves；approval　3．employment；employers；employ；employees　4．difference(s)；different；differ　5．adjustable；adjust；adjustment　6．various/varied；variety；vary　7．anxiety；anxious；anxiously
8．embarrassing；embarrassed；embarrassment　9．favourite；favour　10．distractions；distracting
Ⅱ．1．(1)C　(2)B　(3)D　(4)A
2．(1)B　(2)A　(3)C
3．(1)C　(2)A　(3)B
4．(1)C　(2)A　(3)B
5．A
Ⅲ．1．all hope was not lost　2．in favor of the idea　3．The car broke down on the highway　4．in other words
主题引领 写作提能
应用文写作
Step 1
①express ourselves　②start with　③different perspectives
④team spirit　⑤All in all
Step 2
⑥Communication skills are of great importance because they help us express ourselves clearly and improve our relationships with others．⑦Secondly，it's wise to learn to control our emotions and see things from different perspectives．
Step 3
Improve Communication Skills
Communication skills are of great importance because they help us express ourselves clearly and improve our relationships with others．Then how can we improve our communication skills
Firstly，we should start with active listening．Only by doing that can we understand those around us better．Secondly，it's wise to learn to control our emotions and see things from different perspectives．Last but not least，we'd better actively participate in school activities，where we can learn team spirit and enhance communication with each other．
All in all，if we treat people and things sincerely，we'll be able to communicate effectively．
读后续写
Step 2
①As I sat down　②shook my head　③Leaning forward　④Moving my hand through my hair in frustration　⑤raised my hand　⑥buried my face　⑦raised；bending；relaxed
1 / 14(共124张PPT)
第一部分　
教材知识讲练
选择性必修第一册
UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
单元主题 导图串记
单元词句 语境背记
核心词汇
1．________ n．不足；缺少；短缺
2．______ vt．解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理
3．_______ n．现实；实际情况；事实
4．________ vt．使相信；使确信；说服
5．___________ n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得
shortage
tackle
reality
convince
assumption
核心词汇
6．______ vt．(通常经过努力)获得；得到
7．_________ vt．克服；解决；战胜
8．_______ adj．热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的
9．________ vt．产生；引起
10．_________ adj．完全必要的；极其重要的
attain
overcome
intense
generate
essential
阅读 词汇
1．______ n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车
2．______ n．危机；危急关头
3．_____ vt．使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励
4．_____ n．产量；产出 vt．出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi．屈服；让步
5．_________ adj．本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的
6．______ n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力
7．_________ n．名望；名誉；名人；名流
hybrid
crisis
boost
yield
domestic
strain
celebrity
阅读 词汇
8．envision vt．__________
9．tunnel n．____________________
10．flavour n．________________
11．fertiliser n．____
12．alleviate vt．__________
13．nutrition n．__________
14．grain n．________________
15．vision n．______________________
展望；想象
地下通道；地道；隧道
味道；特点；特色
肥料
减轻；缓解
营养；滋养
谷物；谷粒；颗粒
想象；视力；视野；影像
拓展词汇
1．devote vt．把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→_______ adj．忠诚的→________ n．献身，热爱
2．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→____ adj．深的
3．expand vt．& vi．扩大；增加 vt．扩展；发展(业务)→_________ n．扩大，发展
4．conventional adj．传统的；习惯的→__________ n．惯例；常规；习俗
5．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj．特有的；典型的；独特的→_________ n．个性；品质；字符；人物
devoted
devotion
deep
expansion
convention
character
拓展词汇
6．estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算→___________ n．估算；估计
7．consume v．消费→____________ n．消耗；消耗量；消费→_________ n．消费者
8．digest vt．& vi．消化 vt．领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘→_________ n．消化
9．entirely adv．全部地；完整地；完全地→______ adj．整个的；完全的；全部的
estimation
consumption
consumer
digestion
entire
高频短语
1．______________ 把……用于；献身；致力；专心
2．______________ 包括；包含；由……组成(或构成)
3．_________ 在内心深处；本质上；实际上
4．______ 相应地；转而；依次；轮流
5．___________ 例如；比如
6．turn to____________
7．keep...from...__________________________
8．expand into...____________________
9．through intense effort______________
10．far from__________________
devote...to
be comprised of
deep down
in turn
for instance
转向；求助于
使……免受(影响、伤害等)
扩大成/发展成为……
通过不懈的努力
完全不，远非；远离
句型公式
1．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat．(主语从句)
然而，他最担心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。
2．Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life．(“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句)
确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千千万万的中国农民一样。
句型公式
3．Yuan's innovation has helped feed not just China，but many other countries that depend on rice as well，such as India and Vietnam．[not just/only...but (also)...]
袁隆平的创新不仅帮助养活了中国，也养活了许多其他依赖大米的国家，如印度和越南。
句型公式
4．Today，it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuan's hybrid strains，and his strains have allowed China's farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year．(It is＋过去分词＋that)
据估算，现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种(形成的作物)让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。
In the field of agriculture，the 1．________ (short) of water and fertile land poses a serious reality that we must tackle with urgency．To 2．____________________ (convincing) address this challenge，we must give up outdated assumptions and embrace innovative solutions．
3．____________ (overcome) the intense pressure to maintain crop yields，farmers are devoting 4．___________ (they) to generating sustainable farming practices．
shortage
convincingly
To overcome
themselves
The essentials of this effort are the expansion of irrigation systems 5．___ the adoption of drought-resistant crop varieties．By devoting resources 6．__ research and development，we can estimate the potential of new technologies and，in turn，expand into 7．______________ (efficient) farming methods than they are today．
and
to
more efficient
8．______________ (characterize) by resilience and adaptability，farmers worldwide are demonstrating that by working together，we can overcome the limitations 9．____________ are resulted from nature．As we continue to expand our knowledge and capabilities，the future of agriculture 10．_____ (look) promising，with sustainable practices set to become the norm．
Characterized
that/which
looks
考点归纳 精准讲练
1．convince vt．使相信；使确信；说服
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)But Darwin's scientific studies were so __________(convince) that more and more people started to believe his theory．
②From his __________ words，I was entirely _________ of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly．(convince)
③Great to hear you're coming to the US! I hope I can convince you ______ (stop) by and visit us in New York．
convincing
convincing
convinced
to stop
完美写作　读后续写之主旨升华
我完全相信，通过我们的共同努力，我们能够克服这些困难。
_______________________ with our joint efforts we can overcome these difficulties．
I am fully convinced that
◎convince sb．of sth．使某人确信/明白某事
◎convince sb．to do sth．说服某人做某事
◎convince sb．that...使某人相信……
◎convinced adj．确信的；信服的
◎be convinced (that...)/of...坚信……
◎Convinced that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis，people are optimistic about the future of the country．
确信政府能够带领他们摆脱经济危机，人们对于这个国家的未来充满信心。
2．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权利的)获得
①(北师大版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)People make the ____________
(assume) that if someone important and respected says that something is right，then it must be so．
②Deep down they assumed her ____ (be) the best singer of their time．
③We are working __ the assumption that everyone invited will turn up．
assumption
to be
on
完美写作　应用文写作之茶文化
People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory．
→____________________________ not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory．(assumed)
It is generally assumed that
◎on the assumption that...假定……
◎make an assumption作出假设
◎assume sb．/sth．(to be)＋adj．/n．假定/认为某人/某事(为)……
◎It is generally assumed that...人们普遍认为……
◎assuming (that)...假设……
◎I assumed I'd already have a well-paid job and that I'd be moving into a rented apartment as soon as I turned 18，but how wrong I was!
我以为我已经有了一份收入很好的工作，并且一到18岁就能搬进租来的公寓，但我错的离谱！
3．estimate vt．估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 5)Lying under waters across the globe are an __________ (estimate) three million shipwrecks．
②We need to ________________________ (作出准确的估计) about the cost of travelling．
③___________________ (据估计) the total cost of rebuilding homes in the country will continue to increase this year．
④__________________(粗略估计)，one third of the country's water has been polluted．
estimated
make an accurate estimate
It is estimated that
At a rough estimate
完美写作　读后续写之环境描写
据估计，这片古老的森林占地面积超过一千英亩，高大的树木像巨型守护者一般直插云霄。
____________________ this ancient forest covers an area of over a thousand acres，with tall trees reaching up to the sky like giant guardians．
It's estimated that
◎estimate sth．at...估算某物为……
◎be estimated to do sth．估计做某事
◎It is estimated (that)...据估计……
◎at a rough estimate粗略估计
◎make an accurate estimate作出准确估计
◎It is estimated that extreme weather conditions have endangered the lives of millions of African children．
据估计，极端的天气条件已经危及数百万非洲儿童的生命。
4．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj．可供替代的；非传统的
①(外研版选择性必修第四册Unit 1)Life throws many ____________ (alternative) at us on a daily basis．
②Solar energy is an alternative __ petrol．
③On the assumption that you are available，I can come to your house，or _____________ (alternative)，we can meet in the town．
alternatives
to
alternatively
完美写作　应用文写作之海洋保护
面对海洋令人担忧的现状，人类别无选择只能彼此合作解决海洋危机。毕竟，世界上没有东西可以是海洋的替代品。
Faced with the worrying current situation of oceans，human beings ____________________________________ each other to tackle the ocean crisis．After all，nothing in the world can _________________ oceans．
have no alternative but to cooperate with
be an alternative to
◎have no alternative/choice but to do sth．别无选择只得做某事
◎there's no alternative but to do sth．别无选择只好做某事
◎an alternative to...……的替代品
◎alternatively adv．可供选择地
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain．
20年前，当他遭受严重的背部疼痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。
5．in turn [课本义]相应地；转而；依次；轮流　[增补义]反过来
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)It can be quite stressful at times，though，which __ turn makes me feel anxious．
②They took turns _______________ (stay) awake in case anything went wrong．
in
staying/to stay
完美写作　读后续写之连续行为
Some student representatives ①_________ (轮流)to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony．Finally，②it ___________(轮到我了)．Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspects and ③______(反过来)，we should give a helping hand to them from now on．For instance，we and our parents can do housework ④_______(轮流地)．It ⑤________ (结果证明) that the ceremony makes a great difference to us．
took turns
was my turn
in turn
by turns
turns out
◎in one's turn轮到某人
◎by turns轮流；交替地
◎take turns doing/to do sth．轮流做某事
◎It is one's turn to do sth．轮到某人做某事
◎It turns/turned out that...结果……
◎Just make sure you have an equal share of triumphs and be a gracious winner and loser in your turn．
只需确保你能平等分享成功，并在轮到你的时候做一个优雅的赢家和输家。
6．[教材原句]Given that Yuan's hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure．(given that引导条件状语从句)
考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。
(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)______________________________
________________________ (考虑到工作的复杂性) and the lack of necessary materials，this means that each expert can work on a maximum of two large pieces a year．
Given/Given that/Considering that
the complexity of the work
完美写作　应用文写作之传统文化
鉴于你对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向你介绍端午节。
_______________________ you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival—Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you．
Given/Considering (that)
◎given (that)...＝considering (that)...
“鉴于，考虑到”，引导条件状语从句
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives，we all need to take action to deal with our AI-powered future．
考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来。
基础巩固 达标训练
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I think we should devote much more time to _________ (adjust) to the new environment．
2．A ________ (short) of reliable evidence is likely to lead to the suspect's being released．
3．My assessments were based on the ___________(assume) that house prices would remain steady．
adjusting
shortage
assumption
4．I have no alternative but _____(ask) him for an appropriate way to solve the problem．
5．The educators in this school took turns _____________________ (deliver) a speech in the rural schools．
6．It is essential that he _____________(get) some reliable information before making inferences．
to ask
to deliver/delivering
(should) get
7．Most ____ ocean basins range in _____ from about 4 to 6 kilometers，with some narrow trenches(海沟) near Pacific ocean basin margins dropping to as low as 11 km below sea level．(deep)
8．The club is __________ of an unelected，self-continuing，secretive body ___________ people with vested interests．(comprise)
deep
depth
comprised
comprising
9．Asking ourselves questions helps us to define our intentions and desires and _______ the actions needed to make them a _______．(real)
10．What made me thrilled was ____ I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one．
realize
reality
that
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．digest
A．vi．& vt．消化　B．vt．领悟；领会　C．n．摘要
(1)I only read this digest of the novel，so I don't know the details． __
(2)I haven't entirely digested what he said just now． __
(3)Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults． __
C
B
A
2．overcome
A．克服；解决　B．打败，战胜　C．受到……的极大影响
(1)To everyone's shock，in the final game Sweden easily overcame France． __
(2)His parents were overcome with great sorrow at his grandpa's funeral． __
(3)In addition，their smile-to-life attitude even in such tough situations also inspired me to overcome any difficulties in life． __
B
C
A
3．I will never yield to the temporary difficulties I am facing now． __
A．屈服；让步 B．产生；提供 C．放弃
4．For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence． __
A．饥饿 B．渴望 C．胃口
5．I've been farming sheep on a hillside for 54 years． __
A．饲养 B．农场 C．务农
A
B
A
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．那本我花了很长时间在上面的书非常有知识性。
The book __________________________ is very informative．
2．例如，农药在杀死有害细菌和昆虫的同时，也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。
For example，pesticides can damage the land by killing _____________
____________________________________________．
on which I spent a lot of time
not only
harmful bacteria and insects，but also helpful ones
3．据估计，到2050年，13亿人将把英语作为他们的第一或第二语言。
___________________ 1.3 billion people will use English as their first or second language by 2050．
It is estimated that
主题引领 写作提能
上周六，你校班委会组织学生到学校劳动实践基地参加春耕、春种等实践活动。请你为你校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动的过程；
2．活动的意义与感想。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Step1　写作微练
①上周六，我们在学校劳动实践基地举行了春耕种植实践活动。(spring ploughing and planting practice)
Last Saturday，__________________________________________ in the school's labor practice base．
②我们被分成几个小组，分配各种任务，包括犁地、种树、除草和给蔬菜浇水。(be divided into)
We _____________________________ and assigned varieties of tasks，including ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．
we held a spring ploughing and planting practice
were divided into several groups
③中午，我们吃了一顿用农民种的蔬菜做的午餐。
At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables ________________．
④在日落之前，我们回到了学校，虽然疲惫但很开心。
Before the sunset，we returned to the school，____________________
_________．
⑤通过这次活动，我们不仅意识到了劳动的价值，也学会了尊重所有劳动者。
Through this activity，we ____________________ the value of labor，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
grown by farmers
exhausted/tired but
were not only aware of
happy
Step2　句式升级
⑥用定语从句改写句②。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________⑦将句⑤改为倒装句。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
We were divided into several groups and assigned varieties of tasks which included ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．
Through this activity，not only were we aware of the value of labor，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
Step3　妙笔成篇
An Unforgettable Day of School Labor Practice
Last Saturday，we held a spring ploughing and planting practice in the school's labor practice base．
The activity lasted for one day．We were divided into several groups and assigned varieties of tasks which included ploughing，planting trees，weeding，and watering vegetables．At noon，we enjoyed a lunch with the vegetables grown by farmers．Before the sunset，we returned to the school，exhausted but happy．
Through this activity，not only were we aware of the value of labor，but we also learned to respect all laborers．
教材语料 亮词 tackle；boost；attain；assumption→assume；intense；leisure；deep down
美句 1．Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice．
2．Even in his later years，Yuan Longping was still young at heart and full of vision...
Step 1　语料积累
教材语料 美句 3．Indeed，his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers，to whom he had devoted his life．
4．Long ago，he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum，with each ear of rice as big as a broom，and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut．
拓展语料 单词 turn转变(眼光)；squeeze挤(眼)；spark冒火花；sparkle闪烁；glisten闪光；glow(眼睛)发光；meet对视；fix盯着；scan扫视；gaze凝视；注视
语块 looked at sb．straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛；fix one's eyes on专注于；tears well up泪水涌上；turn his eyes to把他的目光转向；meet one's eyes与某人对视；feast one's eyes on尽情欣赏，大饱眼福
拓展 语料 句型 1．She laughed，her eyes shining with excitement．
她笑了，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
2．She tried to sit up，her eyes fixed on Joan's face．
她试图坐起来，双眼紧盯着琼的脸。
3．His eyes grew wide (＝widened) with horror at what she had done．
他被她所做的事吓得瞪大了眼睛。
拓展 语料 句型 4．The dog's hungry eyes were on(＝landed on/fell on) my sandwich．
那只狗用饥饿的眼神盯着我的三明治。
5．He turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning．
听到门把转动的声音，他向门那边看去。
6．She looked at her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully．
她直视她父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。
Step2　语料运用
①当太阳落山时，女孩转向窗户，她的眼睛扫视着天空，寻找最后的光线。(scan)
As the sun set，the girl turned towards the window，_______________
______ for the last rays of light．
②她的目光落在一群鸟儿身上，它们的翅膀捕捉着夕阳的余晖，她尽情地欣赏着这一奇观。(gaze，feast)
________ fell on a flock of birds，______ wings were catching the glow of the sunset，and ___________________ the spectacle．
her eyes scanning
Her gaze
whose
she feasted her eyes on
the sky
③突然，她感到身后有人，转过身去发现汤姆站在那里，脸上毫无表情。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
Suddenly，she felt a presence behind her and turned to find Tom，_____________ with a naked expression on his face．
④他们的目光相遇了，闪烁着无言的理解，女孩情不自禁地盯着汤姆的目光，迷失在他眼睛的深处。(fix one's eye on)
Their eyes met，shining with an unspoken understanding，and the girl couldn't help but ____________________，lost in the depth of his eyes．
standing there
fix her gaze on Tom's
⑤她看着他的眼睛，心里感到一阵温柔，知道这是件特别的事。(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
She looked into his eyes，feeling a gentle squeeze in her heart，_____________________________________．
knowing that this was something special
课时数智作业(二十一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2025·河北邯郸模拟)
Farmers' markets are proving popular destinations — particularly for young people — as they showcase a city's authentic customs and traditions．
Xi'an：Jianguomen Market
Located at the eastern end of the city wall in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province，Jianguomen Market has a history of more than 20 years．The ground floor features abundant supplies of neatly arranged fruit and vegetables．Visitors' purchases of fresh produce are processed on the second floor，while the third floor has been transformed into an art exhibition hall complete with tall fiberglass windows that allow plenty of sunlight．People can enjoy various themed art exhibitions here．
Opening time：8：30－18：00
Beijing：Sanyuanli Market
An interest in cooking is likely to be inspired by wandering through this market in Chaoyang district，Beijing．Established in 1992，it offers a wide range of fresh vegetables，meat and fruit，and specialty ingredients from around the world．The market can meet the needs of most customers from neighbouring communities to five-star hotels．Moreover，numerous stall owners are skilled in foreign languages．
Opening time：9：00－19：00
Shanghai：Wuzhong Market
Wuzhong Market has a history of two or three decades，during which it has undergone many transformations．And it reopened to the public in 2019．Many locals' favourite food，ranging from Chongming rice from Shanghai，Zhoushan seafood from Zhejiang Province，mushrooms from Yunnan Province，and some tropical fruits from Southeast Asia，can be found here．There are also various semi-finished produce and cooked food．
Opening time：7：00－18：30
Harbin：Daoli Food Market
Daoli Food Market，founded in 1902，is one of the thirteen major markets in China．This two-floor outlet covers 130，000 square metres and it takes half a day to fully explore what it has to offer．Local bread bigger than a human head，red sausages and steaming pork stew all promise to satisfy visitors' taste buds．Many locals often drag along their suitcases to buy groceries．
Opening time：8：00－18：00
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国四个城市中著名的农贸市场，包括西安的建国门市场、北京的三源里市场、上海的乌中市集和哈尔滨的道里食品市场。这些市场各具特色，供应丰富的农产品和地方美食，是当地居民和游客购物和体验地方文化的热门去处。
1．What makes Jianguomen Market different from the others？(　　)
A．People can buy all kinds of fresh vegetables here．
B．People can see lots of art exhibitions on the third floor．
C．This market has the longest opening time．
D．People always draw their suitcases to buy groceries．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据Xi'an：Jianguomen Market部分中“Visitors' purchases of fresh produce are processed on the second floor，while the third floor has been transformed into an art exhibition hall complete with tall fiberglass windows that allow plenty of sunlight．People can enjoy various themed art exhibitions here．”可知，建国门市场与其他市场的不同之处在于人们可以在三楼看到很多艺术展览。故选B。]
2．What do Sanyuanli Market and Wuzhong Market have in common？
(　　)
A．They both sell fruit from foreign countries．
B．You can buy cooked food in the two markets．
C．The sellers can speak foreign languages．
D．Visitors' purchases can be processed here．
√
A　[细节理解题。根据Beijing：Sanyuanli Market部分中“it offers a wide range of fresh vegetables，meat and fruit，and specialty ingredients from around the world”以及Shanghai：Wuzhong Market部分中“Many locals' favourite food，ranging from Chongming rice from Shanghai，Zhoushan seafood from Zhejiang Province，mushrooms from Yunnan Province，and some tropical fruits from Southeast Asia，can be found here．”可知，三源里市场和乌中市集的共同之处在于它们都出售来自国外的水果。故选A。]
3．Which market has the longest history？(　　)
A．Jianguomen Market．　 B．Sanyuanli Market．
C．Wuzhong Market． D．Daoli Food Market．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据Xi'an：Jianguomen Market部分中“Located at the eastern end of the city wall in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province，Jianguomen Market has a history of more than 20 years．”、Beijing：Sanyuanli Market部分中“Established in 1992，it offers a wide range of fresh vegetables，meat and fruit，and specialty ingredients from around the world．”、Shanghai：Wuzhong Market部分中“Wuzhong Market has a history of two or three decades，during which it has undergone many transformations．”和Harbin：Daoli Food Market部分中“Daoli Food Market，founded in 1902，is one of the thirteen major markets in China．”可知，道里食品市场是这四个市场中历史最悠久的。故选D。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖北武昌模拟)
Many cultures around the world have a grain that is not grown or even known outside its home area．Now，a staple grain native to Ethiopia，Teff，is appearing on grocery shelves in America．
Teff has been an important part of the Ethiopian diet for thousands of years．Like rice and wheat，it is a cereal grass．Teff is known for its fine grain and used mainly to make flour．Teff flour is the key ingredient in injera，the large，spongy pancakes that make up a large portion of the Ethiopian diet．
Teff was introduced to the United States by a man named Wayne Carlson，who learnt about teff while doing public health work in Africa in the mid-1970s．“I came to know teff because I was eating it all the time and hosted by teff farmers．” he said．In the late 70s，Carlson returned to the U．S．，married and settled in southwest Idaho．Then he came up with an idea to introduce teff grass to his home state．“Geologically，it is very similar to Ethiopia．”
Wayne and his wife Elisabeth are not farmers nor do they want to be．So they convinced actual farmers in Idaho to grow teff on contract for them．The Carlsons milled it themselves．
Wayne went through the Washington，D．C．telephone book and looked for the names that were Ethiopian．And that is how the business slowly grew．Over time，the Teff Company has outgrown four different mills．
Rich Roseberg is a food researcher at Oregon State University．He says teff production has exploded over the past decade in the U．S．He says most teff grown in the U．S．is fed to farm animals．In Idaho，however，where the Carlsons are based，Roseberg believes more of the teff production is for human food．Teff contains lots of calcium，iron，protein and fiber．Roseberg credits Wayne Carlson for being ahead of his time．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章详细地介绍了苔麸这种原产于埃塞俄比亚的谷物如何被引入美国，并在美国市场上逐渐受到欢迎的。
4．How do the Ethiopians mainly use teff？(　　)
A．By eating the cereal grass．
B．By adding its grain into injera．
C．By mixing it with rice and wheat．
D．By using the flour made from it．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Teff is known for its fine grain and used mainly to make flour．Teff flour is the key ingredient in injera，the large，spongy pancakes that make up a large portion of the Ethiopian diet．”可知，埃塞俄比亚人主要使用苔麸粉来做食物。故选D。]
5．According to Wayne，why can teff grow well in Idaho？(　　)
A．Idaho is located close to Ethiopia．
B．Teff is easy to survive on its own．
C．Idaho has geographic features similar to Ethiopia．
D．Teff was originally introduced to Ethiopia from Idaho．
√
C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the late 70s，Carlson returned to the U．S．，married and settled in southwest Idaho．Then he came up with an idea to introduce teff grass to his home state．‘Geologically，it is very similar to Ethiopia．’” 可知，Carlson选择在Idaho州种植苔麸是因为那里的地质特征与埃塞俄比亚相似。故选C。]
6．What can we infer from paragraph 5？(　　)
A．Wayne sent teff to his Ethiopian friends．
B．Wayne's teff did not sell well at first．
C．Wayne's teff was sold only to Ethiopians．
D．Wayne lost control of his Teff Company．
√
B　[推理判断题。根据第五段“Wayne went through the Washington，D．C．telephone book and looked for the names that were Ethiopian．And that is how the business slowly grew．Over time，the Teff Company has outgrown four different mills．”可知，Carlson最初通过华盛顿特区的电话簿寻找埃塞俄比亚人的名字来推销他的产品，这说明他最初的销售并不顺利。故选B。]
7．What is Rich Roseberg's attitude to Wayne introducing teff into America？(　　)
A．Favourable．　　　 B．Pessimistic．
C．Concerned． D．Disapproving．
A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Roseberg credits Wayne Carlson for being ahead of his time．”可知，Roseberg认为Carlson引进苔麸到美国是走在时代前列的，他对Carlson的做法持肯定态度。故选A。]
√
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·杭州西湖高级中学模拟)
Today's Brussels sprouts (抱子甘蓝) taste better than you might remember from childhood，and that is because a new variety has replaced the original vegetable．You can thank plant breeders for the change．Modern breeders，armed with new gene-editing technology，are looking to reproduce Brussels sprouts' reinvention．
In the late 1990s，scientists discovered specific chemicals which made Brussels sprouts taste bitter．Plant breeders started growing old seeds，previously abandoned due to poor yields (产量)，to look for tastier versions with lower levels of these specific chemicals．Then they crossed these delicious but low-yield plants with high-yield individuals until they found a version that made plenty of tasty sprouts，transforming the vegetable from a bitter pill into a popular dish．
But other vegetables haven't fared as well．That's because most breeding decisions favour plant traits (特性) that matter to vegetable growers，not vegetable eaters．For instance，disease resistance is probably the major focus these days of most breeding programmes because that prevents the farmer from growing the crop．The taste of vegetables is ignored．
People，however，are now becoming interested in prioritising the taste of vegetables thanks in part to new genetic technology．“There's never been a better time to be a fruit breeder or a vegetable breeder because we have more tools and techniques，” says Susan Brown，an apple breeder at Cornell University．
Some companies are beginning to use those tools to deal with the challenge of developing tastier vegetables．One company，Pairwise，is fighting the same compounds that troubled Brussels sprouts．But this time researchers are improving the flavour of salad greens．
All vegetable growers hope that more flavourful products on store shelves will convince people to consume the recommended allowances (定量) of fruit and vegetables—and do so better than decades of nutritional guidance have．“Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better，” said Harry Klee，a professor who specialises in tomato breeding．“Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代植物育种者利用新的基因编辑技术，重新改良了抱子甘蓝的品种，使其味道更好。
8．Why did plant breeders grow old Brussels sprout seeds？(　　)
A．To study why Brussels sprouts are bitter．
B．To research the specific chemicals．
C．To select high-yielding products．
D．To find the less bitter versions．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the late 1990s，scientists discovered specific chemicals which made Brussels sprouts taste bitter．Plant breeders started growing old seeds，previously abandoned due to poor yields，to look for tastier versions with lower levels of these specific chemicals．”可知，植物育种家种植老种子是为了寻找不那么苦的抱子甘蓝。故选D项。]
9．What does the underlined word “fared” in paragraph 3 probably mean？(　　)
A．Survived．　　　 B．Emerged．
C．Mushroomed． D．Succeeded．
√
D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“That's because most breeding decisions favour plant traits that matter to vegetable growers，not vegetable eaters．”可知，此处提到了其他蔬菜不太好即不太“成功”的原因，所以画线词是“成功”的意思。故选D项。]
10．What can we learn from Susan Brown's words in paragraph 4？
(　　)
A．The breeding techniques are booming．
B．The breeding techniques need no improvement．
C．The breeders are struggling to develop new species．
D．The breeders should develop new genetic technology．
√
A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘There's never been a better time to be a fruit breeder or a vegetable breeder because we have more tools and techniques，’ says Susan Brown，an apple breeder at Cornell University．”可推知，育种技术正在蓬勃发展。故选A项。]
11．How can fruit and vegetables be consumed more according to Harry Klee？(　　)
A．By enhancing the taste．
B．By improving the nutrients．
C．By making them more accessible．
D．By telling people the benefits．
√
A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better，’ said Harry Klee，a professor who specialises in tomato breeding．‘Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat．’”可知，根据Harry Klee的说法，让人们多吃水果和蔬菜的最好方法是提高蔬菜和水果的味道。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
Farms are the biggest users of freshwater resources．The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．That is the world 1 ．Without the right measures，agriculture can be a major cause of water pollution．
But solutions do not have to 2 much．There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or 3 pollution of water supplies．We are going to talk about a few of them．
The first 4 fertilisers and pesticides．One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．Stored chemicals can slowly 5 the soil and get into groundwater．To help avoid such problems，chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥)．
Farm animals can also pollute water supplies．Animals like cattle，pigs，sheep and goats are often left to 6 on grass in open fields by streams or rivers．Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．Animal 7 also enters water supplies．Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or 8 ．
Instead of leading animals to water，bring the water to them．Farmers can send water through pipes to watering areas for their animals with pumps 9 by electricity or fuel．Human-powered treadle pumps are another solution．
Trees，bushes and smaller plants can act as 10 barriers along streams and rivers．Bushes provide excellent ground cover 11 grown near waterways．Animals 12 bushes with sharp thorns (尖刺)．
Tree roots provide natural support for soil．Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．They 13 help keep the sun from drying out soil．They hold soil in place during rains and 14 the water flow．These methods will not solve all water quality problems， 15 they are good first steps．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了农场对淡水资源的消耗和污染问题，并提出了一些简单的减少或防止供水污染的方法。
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．”可知，联合国粮农组织表示，农业使用了所有地表水供应的70%，由此可推知，70%这个数字应该是世界平均值。故选C。]
(　　)1．A．level　　　　 B．storage
C．average D．problem
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or ________ pollution of water supplies．”可知，农场可以使用一些简单的方法减少供水污染，因此解决方案并不需要花费太多。故选D。]
(　　)2．A．reduce B．take
C．matter D．cost
√
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“to reduce or”可推知，空处应该和reduce表达相近的意思，此处指减少或防止供水污染。故选C。]
(　　)3．A．consider B．create
C．prevent D．rescue
√
A　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or ________ pollution of water supplies．”可知，这是在介绍减少水污染的方法，因此是首先涉及化肥和农药。故选A。]
(　　)4．A．deals with B．takes over
C．pays for D．adapts to
√
D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．”可推知，储存不正确的情况下，化学物质会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水。故选D。]
(　　)5．A．go up B．stretch in
C．make for D．leak into
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“on grass in open fields by streams or rivers”可推知，这些动物会被留在溪边或河边的草地上进食，短语feed on“以……为食”。故选A。]
(　　)6．A．feed B．go
C．endanger D．keep
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．”可知，这些动物沿着水道行走喝水，因此它们沿途排泄的粪便会进入供水系统。故选B。]
(　　)7．A．fat B．waste
C．food D．medicine
√
C　[考查不定代词词义辨析。根据上文“a fence or”可推知，此处用固定短语or something表示“诸如此类的事物”，建议用栅栏之类的东西让动物远离水源。故选C。]
(　　)8．A．anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“by electricity or fuel”可推知，此处指水泵由电力或燃料驱动，和下文“Human-powered treadle pumps(人力踩踏水泵)”相呼应。故选D。]
(　　)9．A．attracted B．used
C．made D．powered
√
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees，bushes and smaller plants”可推知，树木、灌木和较小的植物本身生长在农场环境中，是作为溪流和河流的天然屏障。故选D。]
(　　)10．A．well-equipped B．responsible
C．strong D．natural
√
A　[考查连词(短语)词义辨析。根据上文“Bushes provide excellent ground cover”和下文“grown near waterways”可推知，此处指当灌木生长在水道附近时，它们可以提供很好的地面覆盖物。故选A。]
(　　)11．A．when B．unless
C．in case D．until
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“bushes with sharp thorns”可知，灌木丛有尖刺，因此动物会避开它们。故选D。]
(　　)12．A．choose B．protect
C．enjoy D．avoid
√
C　[考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．”可知，此处是进一步介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，指也有助于防止太阳晒干土壤，且句子是肯定句，应用also。故选C。]
(　　)13．A．easily B．hardly
C．also D．either
√
B　[考查动词(短语)词义辨析。根据上文“Tree roots provide natural support for soil．”可知，本段介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，结合空后“the water flow”可知，树根可以减缓水流的流动。故选B。]
(　　)14．A．destroy B．ease
C．speed up D．stop
√
B　[考查连词和副词词义辨析。根据上文“These methods will not solve all water quality problems”和下文“they are good first steps”可知，前后是转折关系，指这些方法不能解决所有的水质问题，但是是良好的第一步。故选B。]
(　　)15．A．though B．but
C．so D．therefore
√
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
假定你是李华，上周你校组织学生参观生态农业园。请你以“A School Visit to an Organic Farm”为题，为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动内容；
3．活动反响。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A School Visit to an Organic Farm
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
A School Visit to an Organic Farm
Last week，our school organised a visit to an organic farm to help students gain hands-on experience in eco-agriculture．
During the visit，students learnt about eco-friendly agricultural practices while exploring the farm and seeing how fruit and vegetables are grown．The event raised students' awareness of environmental protection and provided an opportunity to learn more about eco-agriculture．
Overall，the visit was a great success and students left with an increased understanding of the importance of preserving the environment，sustaining agriculture，and leading a healthy lifestyle．
谢 谢！课时数智作业(二十一)
选择性必修第一册　UNIT 5　WORKING THE LAND
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2025·河北邯郸模拟)
Farmers' markets are proving popular destinations — particularly for young people — as they showcase a city's authentic customs and traditions．
Xi'an: Jianguomen Market
Located at the eastern end of the city wall in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province，Jianguomen Market has a history of more than 20 years．The ground floor features abundant supplies of neatly arranged fruit and vegetables．Visitors' purchases of fresh produce are processed on the second floor，while the third floor has been transformed into an art exhibition hall complete with tall fiberglass windows that allow plenty of sunlight．People can enjoy various themed art exhibitions here．
Opening time: 8：30－18：00
Beijing: Sanyuanli Market
An interest in cooking is likely to be inspired by wandering through this market in Chaoyang district，Beijing．Established in 1992，it offers a wide range of fresh vegetables，meat and fruit，and specialty ingredients from around the world．The market can meet the needs of most customers from neighbouring communities to five star hotels．Moreover，numerous stall owners are skilled in foreign languages．
Opening time: 9：00－19：00
Shanghai: Wuzhong Market
Wuzhong Market has a history of two or three decades，during which it has undergone many transformations．And it reopened to the public in 2019．Many locals' favourite food，ranging from Chongming rice from Shanghai，Zhoushan seafood from Zhejiang Province，mushrooms from Yunnan Province，and some tropical fruits from Southeast Asia，can be found here．There are also various semi finished produce and cooked food．
Opening time: 7：00－18：30
Harbin: Daoli Food Market
Daoli Food Market，founded in 1902，is one of the thirteen major markets in China．This two floor outlet covers 130，000 square metres and it takes half a day to fully explore what it has to offer．Local bread bigger than a human head，red sausages and steaming pork stew all promise to satisfy visitors' taste buds．Many locals often drag along their suitcases to buy groceries．
Opening time: 8：00－18：00
1．What makes Jianguomen Market different from the others？(　　)
A．People can buy all kinds of fresh vegetables here．
B．People can see lots of art exhibitions on the third floor．
C．This market has the longest opening time．
D．People always draw their suitcases to buy groceries．
2．What do Sanyuanli Market and Wuzhong Market have in common？(　　)
A．They both sell fruit from foreign countries．
B．You can buy cooked food in the two markets．
C．The sellers can speak foreign languages．
D．Visitors' purchases can be processed here．
3．Which market has the longest history？(　　)
A．Jianguomen Market．B．Sanyuanli Market．
C．Wuzhong Market． D．Daoli Food Market．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖北武昌模拟)
Many cultures around the world have a grain that is not grown or even known outside its home area．Now，a staple grain native to Ethiopia，Teff，is appearing on grocery shelves in America．
Teff has been an important part of the Ethiopian diet for thousands of years．Like rice and wheat，it is a cereal grass．Teff is known for its fine grain and used mainly to make flour．Teff flour is the key ingredient in injera，the large，spongy pancakes that make up a large portion of the Ethiopian diet．
Teff was introduced to the United States by a man named Wayne Carlson，who learnt about teff while doing public health work in Africa in the mid 1970s．“I came to know teff because I was eating it all the time and hosted by teff farmers．”he said．In the late 70s，Carlson returned to the U．S．，married and settled in southwest Idaho．Then he came up with an idea to introduce teff grass to his home state．“Geologically，it is very similar to Ethiopia．”
Wayne and his wife Elisabeth are not farmers nor do they want to be．So they convinced actual farmers in Idaho to grow teff on contract for them．The Carlsons milled it themselves．
Wayne went through the Washington，D．C．telephone book and looked for the names that were Ethiopian．And that is how the business slowly grew．Over time，the Teff Company has outgrown four different mills．
Rich Roseberg is a food researcher at Oregon State University．He says teff production has exploded over the past decade in the U．S．He says most teff grown in the U．S．is fed to farm animals．In Idaho，however，where the Carlsons are based，Roseberg believes more of the teff production is for human food．Teff contains lots of calcium，iron，protein and fiber．Roseberg credits Wayne Carlson for being ahead of his time．
4．How do the Ethiopians mainly use teff？(　　)
A．By eating the cereal grass．
B．By adding its grain into injera．
C．By mixing it with rice and wheat．
D．By using the flour made from it．
5．According to Wayne，why can teff grow well in Idaho？(　　)
A．Idaho is located close to Ethiopia．
B．Teff is easy to survive on its own．
C．Idaho has geographic features similar to Ethiopia．
D．Teff was originally introduced to Ethiopia from Idaho．
6．What can we infer from paragraph 5？(　　)
A．Wayne sent teff to his Ethiopian friends．
B．Wayne's teff did not sell well at first．
C．Wayne's teff was sold only to Ethiopians．
D．Wayne lost control of his Teff Company．
7．What is Rich Roseberg's attitude to Wayne introducing teff into America？(　　)
A．Favourable．　 B．Pessimistic．
C．Concerned． D．Disapproving．
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·杭州西湖高级中学模拟)
Today's Brussels sprouts (抱子甘蓝) taste better than you might remember from childhood，and that is because a new variety has replaced the original vegetable．You can thank plant breeders for the change．Modern breeders，armed with new gene editing technology，are looking to reproduce Brussels sprouts' reinvention．
In the late 1990s，scientists discovered specific chemicals which made Brussels sprouts taste bitter．Plant breeders started growing old seeds，previously abandoned due to poor yields (产量)，to look for tastier versions with lower levels of these specific chemicals．Then they crossed these delicious but low yield plants with high yield individuals until they found a version that made plenty of tasty sprouts，transforming the vegetable from a bitter pill into a popular dish．
But other vegetables haven't fared as well．That's because most breeding decisions favour plant traits (特性) that matter to vegetable growers，not vegetable eaters．For instance，disease resistance is probably the major focus these days of most breeding programmes because that prevents the farmer from growing the crop．The taste of vegetables is ignored．
People，however，are now becoming interested in prioritising the taste of vegetables thanks in part to new genetic technology．“There's never been a better time to be a fruit breeder or a vegetable breeder because we have more tools and techniques，”says Susan Brown，an apple breeder at Cornell University．
Some companies are beginning to use those tools to deal with the challenge of developing tastier vegetables．One company，Pairwise，is fighting the same compounds that troubled Brussels sprouts．But this time researchers are improving the flavour of salad greens．
All vegetable growers hope that more flavourful products on store shelves will convince people to consume the recommended allowances (定量) of fruit and vegetables—and do so better than decades of nutritional guidance have．“Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better，”said Harry Klee，a professor who specialises in tomato breeding．“Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat．”
8．Why did plant breeders grow old Brussels sprout seeds？(　　)
A．To study why Brussels sprouts are bitter．
B．To research the specific chemicals．
C．To select high yielding products．
D．To find the less bitter versions．
9．What does the underlined word “fared”in paragraph 3 probably mean？(　　)
A．Survived．　 B．Emerged．
C．Mushroomed． D．Succeeded．
10．What can we learn from Susan Brown's words in paragraph 4？(　　)
A．The breeding techniques are booming．
B．The breeding techniques need no improvement．
C．The breeders are struggling to develop new species．
D．The breeders should develop new genetic technology．
11．How can fruit and vegetables be consumed more according to Harry Klee？(　　)
A．By enhancing the taste．
B．By improving the nutrients．
C．By making them more accessible．
D．By telling people the benefits．
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
Farms are the biggest users of freshwater resources．The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．That is the world 1 ．Without the right measures，agriculture can be a major cause of water pollution．
But solutions do not have to 2 much．There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or 3 pollution of water supplies．We are going to talk about a few of them．
The first 4 fertilisers and pesticides．One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．Stored chemicals can slowly 5 the soil and get into groundwater．To help avoid such problems，chemicals should be kept in structures with a floor made of cement (水泥)．
Farm animals can also pollute water supplies．Animals like cattle，pigs，sheep and goats are often left to 6 on grass in open fields by streams or rivers．Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．Animal 7 also enters water supplies．Experts say it is important to keep large farm animals away from water supplies with the use of a fence or 8 ．
Instead of leading animals to water，bring the water to them．Farmers can send water through pipes to watering areas for their animals with pumps 9 by electricity or fuel．Human powered treadle pumps are another solution．
Trees，bushes and smaller plants can act as 10 barriers along streams and rivers．Bushes provide excellent ground cover 11 grown near waterways．Animals 12 bushes with sharp thorns (尖刺)．
Tree roots provide natural support for soil．Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．They 13 help keep the sun from drying out soil．They hold soil in place during rains and 14 the water flow．These methods will not solve all water quality problems， 15 they are good first steps．
(　　)1．A．level　 B．storage
C．average D．problem
(　　)2．A．reduce B．take
C．matter D．cost
(　　)3．A．consider B．create
C．prevent D．rescue
(　　)4．A．deals with B．takes over
C．pays for D．adapts to
(　　)5．A．go up B．stretch in
C．make for D．leak into
(　　)6．A．feed B．go
C．endanger D．keep
(　　)7．A．fat B．waste
C．food D．medicine
(　　)8．A．anything B．nothing
C．something D．everything
(　　)9．A．attracted B．used
C．made D．powered
(　　)10．A．well equipped B．responsible
C．strong D．natural
(　　)11．A．when B．unless
C．in case D．until
(　　)12．A．choose B．protect
C．enjoy D．avoid
(　　)13．A．easily B．hardly
C．also D．either
(　　)14．A．destroy B．ease
C．speed up D．stop
(　　)15．A．though B．but
C．so D．therefore
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
假定你是李华，上周你校组织学生参观生态农业园。请你以“A School Visit to an Organic Farm”为题，为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1．活动目的；
2．活动内容；
3．活动反响。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A School Visit to an Organic Farm
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
课时数智作业(二十一)
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国四个城市中著名的农贸市场，包括西安的建国门市场、北京的三源里市场、上海的乌中市集和哈尔滨的道里食品市场。这些市场各具特色，供应丰富的农产品和地方美食，是当地居民和游客购物和体验地方文化的热门去处。
1．B　[细节理解题。根据Xi'an：Jianguomen Market部分中“Visitors' purchases of fresh produce are processed on the second floor，while the third floor has been transformed into an art exhibition hall complete with tall fiberglass windows that allow plenty of sunlight．People can enjoy various themed art exhibitions here．”可知，建国门市场与其他市场的不同之处在于人们可以在三楼看到很多艺术展览。故选B。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据Beijing：Sanyuanli Market部分中“it offers a wide range of fresh vegetables，meat and fruit，and specialty ingredients from around the world”以及Shanghai：Wuzhong Market部分中“Many locals' favourite food，ranging from Chongming rice from Shanghai，Zhoushan seafood from Zhejiang Province，mushrooms from Yunnan Province，and some tropical fruits from Southeast Asia，can be found here．”可知，三源里市场和乌中市集的共同之处在于它们都出售来自国外的水果。故选A。]
3．D　[细节理解题。根据Xi'an：Jianguomen Market部分中“Located at the eastern end of the city wall in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province，Jianguomen Market has a history of more than 20 years．”、Beijing：Sanyuanli Market部分中“Established in 1992，it offers a wide range of fresh vegetables，meat and fruit，and specialty ingredients from around the world．”、Shanghai：Wuzhong Market部分中“Wuzhong Market has a history of two or three decades，during which it has undergone many transformations．”和Harbin：Daoli Food Market部分中“Daoli Food Market，founded in 1902，is one of the thirteen major markets in China．”可知，道里食品市场是这四个市场中历史最悠久的。故选D。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章详细地介绍了苔麸这种原产于埃塞俄比亚的谷物如何被引入美国，并在美国市场上逐渐受到欢迎的。
4．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Teff is known for its fine grain and used mainly to make flour．Teff flour is the key ingredient in injera，the large，spongy pancakes that make up a large portion of the Ethiopian diet．”可知，埃塞俄比亚人主要使用苔麸粉来做食物。故选D。]
5．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the late 70s，Carlson returned to the U．S．，married and settled in southwest Idaho．Then he came up with an idea to introduce teff grass to his home state．‘Geologically，it is very similar to Ethiopia．’”可知，Carlson选择在Idaho州种植苔麸是因为那里的地质特征与埃塞俄比亚相似。故选C。]
6．B　[推理判断题。根据第五段“Wayne went through the Washington，D．C．telephone book and looked for the names that were Ethiopian．And that is how the business slowly grew．Over time，the Teff Company has outgrown four different mills．”可知，Carlson最初通过华盛顿特区的电话簿寻找埃塞俄比亚人的名字来推销他的产品，这说明他最初的销售并不顺利。故选B。]
7．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Roseberg credits Wayne Carlson for being ahead of his time．”可知，Roseberg认为Carlson引进苔麸到美国是走在时代前列的，他对Carlson的做法持肯定态度。故选A。]
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了现代植物育种者利用新的基因编辑技术，重新改良了抱子甘蓝的品种，使其味道更好。
8．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the late 1990s，scientists discovered specific chemicals which made Brussels sprouts taste bitter．Plant breeders started growing old seeds，previously abandoned due to poor yields，to look for tastier versions with lower levels of these specific chemicals．”可知，植物育种家种植老种子是为了寻找不那么苦的抱子甘蓝。故选D项。]
9．D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“That's because most breeding decisions favour plant traits that matter to vegetable growers，not vegetable eaters．”可知，此处提到了其他蔬菜不太好即不太“成功”的原因，所以画线词是“成功”的意思。故选D项。]
10．A　[推理判断题。根据第四段中“‘There's never been a better time to be a fruit breeder or a vegetable breeder because we have more tools and techniques，’ says Susan Brown，an apple breeder at Cornell University．”可推知，育种技术正在蓬勃发展。故选A项。]
11．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中“‘Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better，’ said Harry Klee，a professor who specialises in tomato breeding．‘Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat．’”可知，根据Harry Klee的说法，让人们多吃水果和蔬菜的最好方法是提高蔬菜和水果的味道。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了农场对淡水资源的消耗和污染问题，并提出了一些简单的减少或防止供水污染的方法。
1．C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“The Food and Agriculture Organisation says agriculture uses seventy percent of all surface water supplies．”可知，联合国粮农组织表示，农业使用了所有地表水供应的70%，由此可推知，70%这个数字应该是世界平均值。故选C。]
2．D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or pollution of water supplies．”可知，农场可以使用一些简单的方法减少供水污染，因此解决方案并不需要花费太多。故选D。]
3．C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“to reduce or”可推知，空处应该和reduce表达相近的意思，此处指减少或防止供水污染。故选C。]
4．A　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“There are simple methods for farms of any size to reduce or pollution of water supplies．”可知，这是在介绍减少水污染的方法，因此是首先涉及化肥和农药。故选A。]
5．D　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“One way such chemicals can enter the environment is when they are not stored correctly．”可推知，储存不正确的情况下，化学物质会慢慢渗入土壤并进入地下水。故选D。]
6．A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“on grass in open fields by streams or rivers”可推知，这些动物会被留在溪边或河边的草地上进食，短语feed on“以……为食”。故选A。]
7．B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Large animals loosen dirt and rocks as they walk along waterways to drink．”可知，这些动物沿着水道行走喝水，因此它们沿途排泄的粪便会进入供水系统。故选B。]
8．C　[考查不定代词词义辨析。根据上文“a fence or”可推知，此处用固定短语or something表示“诸如此类的事物”，建议用栅栏之类的东西让动物远离水源。故选C。]
9．D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“by electricity or fuel”可推知，此处指水泵由电力或燃料驱动，和下文“Humanpowered treadle pumps(人力踩踏水泵)”相呼应。故选D。]
10．D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees，bushes and smaller plants”可推知，树木、灌木和较小的植物本身生长在农场环境中，是作为溪流和河流的天然屏障。故选D。]
11．A　[考查连词(短语)词义辨析。根据上文“Bushes provide excellent ground cover”和下文“grown near waterways”可推知，此处指当灌木生长在水道附近时，它们可以提供很好的地面覆盖物。故选A。]
12．D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“bushes with sharp thorns”可知，灌木丛有尖刺，因此动物会避开它们。故选D。]
13．C　[考查副词词义辨析。根据上文“Trees planted near waterways help stop soil loss from heavy rains．”可知，此处是进一步介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，指也有助于防止太阳晒干土壤，且句子是肯定句，应用also。故选C。]
14．B　[考查动词(短语)词义辨析。根据上文“Tree roots provide natural support for soil．”可知，本段介绍树根对土壤的保护作用，结合空后“the water flow”可知，树根可以减缓水流的流动。故选B。]
15．B　[考查连词和副词词义辨析。根据上文“These methods will not solve all water quality problems”和下文“they are good first steps”可知，前后是转折关系，指这些方法不能解决所有的水质问题，但是是良好的第一步。故选B。]
Ⅲ．【参考范文】
A School Visit to an Organic Farm
Last week，our school organised a visit to an organic farm to help students gain handson experience in ecoagriculture．
During the visit，students learnt about ecofriendly agricultural practices while exploring the farm and seeing how fruit and vegetables are grown．The event raised students' awareness of environmental protection and provided an opportunity to learn more about ecoagriculture．
Overall，the visit was a great success and students left with an increased understanding of the importance of preserving the environment，sustaining agriculture，and leading a healthy lifestyle．
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