资源简介

Part Ⅰ　一维重点突破
　　In an institute， which is located far away from the city， some scientists with outstanding capability are buried in an experiment of animal cloning.In comparison to natural ones， genes of the animals will be edited， which is estimated to be helpful for medical research and human health.Cloning， however， is bound to contribute 　　　　　　 different ideas.The supporters justify it as a way to improve the well-being of human lives， 　　　　　 there are also some people opposed to it who raise moral concerns.As Einstein said，“Science is a powerful instrument.How it is used， whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind， depends on mankind and not on the instrument.A knife is useful， but it can also kill.” 微技能热身 1.①处为which引导的　　　　　　　　从句。 2.②处应填介词 　　　　。 3.③处应填连词　　　　，连接　　　　句，意为“　　　　　”。
locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置
【练通】 单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （locate） on the coast of the East China Sea，the town has a history of more than 300 years and a population of 200，000.
②The restaurant’s 　　　　　　（locate） by the beach makes it a popular spot for tourists.Many people come here not only for the food but also for the beautiful view of the ocean.
【写美】 微写作
③借助地图，我们成功定位了学校周围的所有重要地方。这帮助我们在第一周熟悉了校园。
Using the map， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　around the school.This helped us get familiar with the campus during our first week. （动作描写）
【归纳】
（1）located adj.　　　 位于
be located in 位于；坐落于
（2）location n. 位置；地点
【佳句】 ①Instead of trying to navigate the entire building at once， she would focus on one floor at a time.She made note of where her classrooms were， as well as the locations of the library， cafeteria， and gym.She continued this process for each floor of the building.（动作描写）
她没有试图一次探索整个建筑，而是每次专注于一层楼。她记下了教室的位置，以及图书馆、食堂和体育馆的位置。她对大楼的每一层都继续这么做。
②It was difficult to locate the house because the address was incorrect.
由于地址不正确，很难确定房子的位置。
capability n.（完成困难事情的）能力，才能
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She 　　　　　　（capable） managed the entire project from start to finish.
②He is a student 　　　　　　（能够） solving difficult maths problems.
【写美】 微写作
③动物园的动物已经丧失了自己捕食的能力。
Animals in the zoo have 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　for themselves. （事物介绍）
【归纳】
（1）the capability to do/of doing sth　做某事的能力
（2）capable adj. 有能力的；有才干的
be capable of 能够，能，敢于
（3）capably adv. 能干地
【佳句】 I intend to volunteer for our community， where I can not only enhance my interpersonal capability but also learn problem-solving skills.
我打算参加社区志愿者活动，在那里我不仅可以提高人际交往能力，还能学习解决问题的技巧。
bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；将……埋在下面；遮盖；使专心
【练通】 单句语法填空
①David still refused to look at me，with his head 　　　　　　（bury） in his arms.
②I bury 　　　　　　（I） in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained abundant knowledge.
【写美】 句型转换
③　　　　　　　　　　　　 the English newspaper every day， I have gained abundant knowledge.（用分词短语作状语改写句②）
【归纳】
（1）　　　　　　埋头于；专心于
（2）bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
【佳句】 Jennifer sat on the floor，burying her face in her hands， and her body trembled as she began to cry softly. （动作、情绪描写）
詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，开始轻声地哭泣。
comparison n.比较
【练通】 完成句子
①When I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（把这两本书相互比较）， I found that the second one had more interesting characters.
【写美】 一句多译
②与上学期相比，这学期她的成绩有了显著提升。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， her grades have improved significantly this term.（comparison）
→　　　　　　　　　　， her grades have improved significantly this term.（compare）
【归纳】
（1）in comparison with　 与……相比
（2）compare vi.& vt. 比较，对比；把……比作
compare ...with/to ... 把……与……相比较
compare ...to ... 把……比作……；和……相比（通常作状语）
compare notes with sb 与某人交换意见
【佳句】 Some people compare the journey of life to sailing： there are ups and downs， but you have to keep moving forward. （演讲稿）
有些人把生活的旅程比作航行：有高潮有低谷，但你必须不断前进。
estimate vt.& n.估计，估算；估价
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①In my 　　　　　　（estimate）， she is one of the most talented artists of her generation.
②The value of the antique vase 　　　　　（估价为） over $1，000.My grandmother had no idea it was worth so much.
【写美】 微写作
③据估计，这座古城每年接待的游客超过200万人次。
　　　　　　　　　　 the ancient city receives more than 2 million tourists each year. （地点介绍）
【归纳】
（1）estimate sth at ...　 估算某物的价格为……，估计某数字为……
be estimated to do ... 估计做……
estimate that ... 估计……
It is estimated that ... 据估计……
（2）estimation n. （对水平、数量等的）估计；判断，评价
in one’s estimation 某人认为……
【佳句】 The coming storm is estimated to bring heavy rainfall and winds up to 80 mph. （环境描写）
即将来临的风暴预计带来大量降雨和高达80英里/小时的强风。
bound adj.很有可能，肯定会
【练通】 完成句子
①The train 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（开往山区）， where many tourists were excited to ski.
【写美】 微写作
②只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。
So long as we hold our dreams and never give up， we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　. （演讲稿）
【归纳】
be bound to do sth　　一定会做某事
be bound for 开往某地；准备前往某地
be bound up with sth 与某事有密切关系
be bound up in sth 忙于某事
【佳句】 Visiting the Summer Palace is bound to greatly promote your understanding of the profound traditional Chinese culture.（推荐信）
游览颐和园一定会大大促进你对博大精深的中国传统文化的了解。
justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
【练通】 单句语法填空
①After arriving late for the family gathering， she felt the need to justify 　　　　　　（her）.
【写美】 微写作
②她的挫败感完全是有合理解释的，因为她受到了不公平的对待。
Her frustration 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， as she had been treated unfairly. （动作描写）
【归纳】
（1）justify doing sth　 证明做某事是有道理的
justify oneself 为自己辩解
（2）justified adj. 有合理解释的，有正当理由的
be justified in doing sth 做某事有正当理由
【佳句】 The accurate and justified early warnings about the hurricane saved many lives.（新闻介绍）
关于飓风的准确而合理的早期预警挽救了许多生命。
opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
【练通】 单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （oppose） to developing the nature reserve，the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.
【写美】 微写作
②因为我所有的朋友都反对我的计划，我忍不住伤心地抽泣起来。
Because all of my friends 　　　　　　　　　　　　， I couldn’t resist sobbing sadly.
③由于全国反对浪费食物，我校发起了一项呼吁我们节约食物的活动。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，an activity has been launched to call on us to save food in our school. （活动介绍）
【归纳】
（1）be opposed to doing sth　 反对做某事
（2）oppose vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠
oppose （doing） sth 反对（做）某事
（3）opposition n. 反对；对立；对手
opposite adj. 相反的；对面的；对立的
【佳句】 Many citizens remained opposed to the construction of a new highway through the national park， fearing it would have disastrous environmental consequences. （观点介绍）
许多市民仍然反对在国家公园中修建一条新高速公路，他们担心这将会带来灾难性的环境后果。
【联想】 “反对”表达法：
①oppose　　　　②resist　　③be against
④be opposed to⑤object to ⑥disapprove of
　　One of the earliest epidemics on record happened between 500 and 550 CE.Scientists now suspect that as much as 50% of the area’s population died 　　　　　　the epidemic， making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.Centuries later， the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918， identified as the Spanish Flu， 　　　　　　（strike） near the end of the war.Families who had only just gone through the war now fell victims to the epidemic and had to bury the loved ones who had died of the disease. 微技能热身 1.①处的短语as much as可用本单元的短语　　　　　　替换。 2.②处应填介词 　　　　　　。 3.③处应填 　　　　。
suspect n.（犯罪）嫌疑人，可疑分子vt.猜想，怀疑，觉得adj.可疑的；不可信的
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Anna noticed her friend acting strangely and began to suspect her 　　　　　　（be） upset about something.She approached her gently， asking if everything was okay.
②Sarah 　　　　　　　　　　　　（怀疑同伴） not doing his part.He always seemed distracted and didn’t contribute much.
【写美】 微写作
③当饼干从厨房消失时，露西怀疑是她的小弟弟拿走了它们。
When the cookies disappeared from the kitchen， Lucy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. （动作描写）
【归纳】
suspect that ...　　　　　 怀疑……
suspect sb/sth to be ... 怀疑某人/某物是……
suspect sb of （doing） sth 怀疑某人（做过）某事
【佳句】 What made you suspect her of having taken the money？ You shouldn’t jump to a conclusion.你凭什么怀疑她拿走了钱？你不应该草率下结论。
【联想】 “vt.＋sb of sth”结构短语集锦：
①inform sb of sth　　　 通知某人某事
②remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事
③rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
④accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
⑤warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
【教材原句】 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died from the epidemic， making it one of the main causes of the fall of the Roman Empire.科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。
【写美】 微写作
①我相信这段经历也会对你有益，使你的交换生生活更加丰富多彩、收获满满。
I believe the experience will also be beneficial to you， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（发言稿）
②昨天我去看望我的好朋友，结果得知她一周前出国了。
Yesterday I went to see my good friend， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
【归纳】
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果。
（2）动词不定式（短语）作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且表示出乎意料的结果，常与only， just等词连用。
【佳句】 When Wilson heated it， the container exploded， leaving him blinded in both eyes.
当威尔逊加热它时，容器爆炸了，这使他双目失明。
Part Ⅱ　二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1.nerve
A.n.神经　　B.n.勇气　　C.vt.鼓足勇气
（1）I nerved myself to face my accusers. 　　　　　
（2）A sensitive nerve in a tooth can cause great pain. 　　　　　
（3）You’ll need plenty of nerve to sit beside him when he is driving. 　　　　　
2.pose
A.vi.摆好姿势　　　B.vt.造成（威胁、问题等）
C.n.（为画像、拍照等摆的）姿势
（1）She rearranged herself in another pose. 　　　　　
（2）Pollution poses a threat to the existence of this species. 　　　　　
（3）Please sit still while you pose for your photo. 　　　　　
3.词义猜测
（1）Learning that he was appointed as head of the team， he couldn’t contain his excitement.　　　　　
（2）We cannot calculate on his help because he is not reliable. 　　　　　
（3）We sampled a selection of different bottles of water.　　　　　
（4）I got up early to catch the train that was bound for Shanghai. 　　　　　
（5）Her head was buried in the book she was reading. 　　　　　
（6）It is because more life experience may help people better identify priorities in life. 　　　　　
维度二 写作词汇夯实 ——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
一、单句语法填空
1.I think there is a good reason for her absence as she 　　　　　　（rare） stays away from work without approval.
2.Yet properly understood， the age of electricity is 　　　　　　（mere） the second stage in the age of steam， which began a century earlier.
3. 　　　　　　　　（participate） were randomly divided into two groups by our English teacher.
4.One nonprofit organization， which monitors the 　　　　　　（treat） of animals in filmed entertainment， is keeping tabs on more than 2，000 productions this year.
5.As they advance through the program， they will learn how to read short sentences with 100% 　　　　　　（accurate）.
6.Adolescence is the period of life when youths leave childhood and head into adulthood， which is a difficult physical and 　　　　　　（emotion） process.
7.We already know who’s got the job but we haven’t yet been informed 　　　　　　（official）.
8.With the new machines， we finally have the 　　　　　　（capable） to do the job properly.
9.These 　　　　　　　　（calculate） are based on the latest statistics and they are reliable.
10.Along with your wonderful 　　　　　　（innovate）， you need to hand in a report， explaining how the idea occurred to you.
11.There are instructions on the bottle to prevent the medicine from being 　　　　　　（abuse）.
12.These animals and plants 　　　　　　　　　　　　　（classify） into different groups by Tom yesterday.
二、完成句子
1.Sarah 　　　　　　　　（一定会） win the competition.She had put so much effort into it.
2.In geography class， the teacher asked students to 　　　　　　　　　　　　（定位不同的国家） on the map.
3.　　　　　　　　　　 （据估计） over a million people visit the annual festival each year.
4.Emily 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（埋头于） her books.She loved reading mystery novels and spent hours in her room， losing track of time.
5.Sarah discovered that her painting style 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（不同于） her friend’s.
6.Emily 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （第一位完成数学考试的学生）.
7.On Saturday， Emma debated 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（是去看望祖父母还是去听音乐会） with friends.
8.The missing painting 　　　　　　　　　（被认为） be hidden in a secret location.
Part Ⅲ　三维写作提能
投稿——是否克隆人类
　　你校英文报就“是否应该克隆人类”发起讨论，请你写一篇短文投稿。
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1.最近，我们就“是否应该克隆人类”进行了一次讨论。 （宾语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.50%的学生认为克隆人类是非常有意义的。（meaningful）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.它可以使世界更加有趣，给人们带来更多快乐。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.我们可以克隆一些著名的科学家，让他们为人类做更多的事情。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.而40%的学生的想法则完全不同。（while）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.在他们看来，人类是不能被克隆的。（in one’s opinion）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.首先，我们每个人都很特别，但克隆人只不过是一个复制品。（nothing but）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8.此外，克隆人可能会被一些坏人利用，这将给世界带来巨大的危害。 （非限制性定语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
9.就我而言，现在很难说克隆人是否正确。（as far as）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
10.也许我们只能拭目以待。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮词 情感描写：emotion， ethical， inferior， blessing， nerve， opposed， depressing
动作描写：justify， infer， calculate， innovate， classify， estimate， bury， underline， identify， suspect， abuse， locate
美句 ①Centuries later，the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918，also called the Spanish Flu，struck near the end of World War Ⅰ. （拟人） ②SARS was examined by scientists， who were confused by this new disease and wanted to learn more about it and its causes.（情感描写） ③It（The DNA detective） has been one of the key weapons for unsolved cases. （比喻）
动作描写之“手指”动作
词汇 美句
手指 ①cross one’s fingers （交叉手指以）祈求好运 ②lift/hold a warning finger 伸出一根手指警告 ③raise a finger to one’s lips 伸出一根手指按在嘴唇上 ④wag one’s finger 摇摇手指 ⑤point an accusing finger at sb 指责某人 ⑥run one’s fingers through/along/over 用手梳理/捋/摸 ①Lily held up her fingers in a peace sign as her friend took a picture of her.（动作描写） 莉莉举起手指做出和平手势，这时朋友为她拍了一张照片。 ②It was at that time that my considerate teacher tapped his fingers on the blackboard and then held a warning finger，signaling them to keep silent.（动作描写） 就在那个时候，我那位体贴的老师用手指在黑板上敲了敲，然后竖起了一个警告的手指，示意他们保持安静。 ③Sarah gently touched the flower petals with her fingers， feeling their softness and delicacy， as if they might break with the slightest pressure. （动作描写） 莎拉轻轻用手指触摸花瓣，感受它们的柔软和细腻，仿佛稍一用力它们就会碎裂。
拇指 ①raise a thumb in greeting 竖起大拇指打招呼 ②stick out a thumb伸出大拇指
情境导语 老师走进教室，要求学生保持安静，但是有学生说话，他生气地用手指敲着黑板……
第一步　完成句子
1.门开了又关上，老师站在那儿，他伸出一根手指按在嘴唇上警告我们。
The door opened and closed， and there stood the teacher， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
2.过了一会儿，一些学生又忍不住小声谈论起来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.老师再一次伸出一根手指按到嘴唇上，要求安静下来。 （简单句）
Again， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　to ask for silence.
4.仅仅过了几秒，又有人说起来了。他不耐烦地用手指在黑板上咚咚地敲。 （简单句）
Only after a few seconds， some began to talk again.Impatiently， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
5.他指责那些说话的学生，命令他们走出教室。 （动词-ing短语作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， he ordered them to go outside the classroom.
6.“你们真是太淘气了！”老师生气地摆了摆手指喊道。 （动词-ing短语作状语）
“How naughty you are！” cried the teacher， 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
第二步　连句成文
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY
【考点·多维突破】
Part Ⅰ
考点新语境（一）
[微技能热身]　1.非限制性定语　2.to
3.while　并列　而，然而
1.①Located　②location
③we were able to locate all the important places
2.①capably　②capable of
③lost the capability to catch/of catching food
3.①buried　②myself　③Burying myself/Buried in reading
4.①compared the two books with each other　②In comparison with last term； Compared to/with last term
5.①estimation　②was estimated at　③It is estimated that
6.①was bound for the mountains　②are bound to achieve success
7.①herself　②was completely justified
8.①Opposed　②were opposed to my plan
③With the nation opposing wasting food
考点新语境（二）
[微技能热身]　1.up to　2.from　3.struck
9.①to be　②suspected her partner of
③suspected that her younger brother had taken them
10.①making your life as an exchange student more colourful and rewarding　②only to learn that she had gone abroad a week before
Part Ⅱ
维度一
1.（1）C　（2）A　（3）B　2.（1）C　（2）B　（3）A
3.（1）克制，抑制（感情）　（2）指望　（3）品尝　（4）开往
（5）埋头于　（6）确定
维度二
一、1.rarely　2.merely　3.Participants　4.treatment
5.accuracy　6.emotional　7.officially　8.capability
9.calculations　10.innovation　11.abused
12.were classified
二、1.was bound to　2.locate different countries
3.It is estimated that　4.was buried in/buried herself in
5.differed/was different from
6.was the first student to finish her maths test
7.whether to visit her grandparents or go to a concert
8.is believed to
Part Ⅲ
应用文写作增分练
第一步
1.Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone humans.
2.50 percent of the students think cloning humans is very meaningful.
3.It can make the world more interesting and give people more pleasure.
4.We can clone some famous scientists and let them do more things for humans.
5.While 40 percent of the students think quite differently.
6.In their opinion， humans can’t be cloned.
7.First of all， each of us is very special， but a cloned person is nothing but a copy.
8.In addition， cloned people may be used by some bad people， which will do great harm to the world.
9.As far as I am concerned， it is hard to tell whether cloning humans is right or not right now.
10.Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.
第二步
　　Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone humans.50 percent of the students think cloning humans is very meaningful.They believe it can make the world more interesting and give people more pleasure.What’s more， we can clone some famous scientists and let them do more things for humans.
　　While 40 percent of the students think quite differently.In their opinion， humans can’t be cloned.First of all， each of us is very special， but a cloned person is nothing but a copy.In addition， cloned people may be used by some bad people， which will do great harm to the world.
　　As far as I am concerned， it is hard to tell whether cloning humans is right or not right now.Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.
读后续写微技能
第一步
1.lifting/holding a warning finger to his lips
2.After a while， some students couldn’t help/resist talking in a whisper again.
3.the teacher lifted/held a finger to his lips
4.he drummed his fingers on the blackboard
5.Pointing an accusing finger at the students talking
6.wagging his finger angrily
第二步
　　The door opened and closed， and there stood the teacher， lifting/holding a warning finger to his lips.However， after a while， some students couldn’t help/resist talking in a whisper again.Again， the teacher lifted/held a finger to his lips to ask for silence.Only after a few seconds， some began to talk again.Impatiently， he drummed his fingers on the blackboard.Pointing an accusing finger at the students talking， he ordered them to go outside the classroom.“How naughty you are！” cried the teacher， wagging his finger angrily.
9 / 9(共99张PPT)
UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY
高中总复习·英语 (北师大版)
01
晨背
积累沉淀
02
基础
夯实过关
03
考点
多维突破
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
1
晨背·积累沉淀
高效用时，积少成多
写作词汇运用
词块记忆
1. crucial evidence 关键证据
2. a risk factor 一个风险因素
3. widespread panic 广泛的恐慌
4. flu-like symptoms 类似流感的症状
5. roughly estimate 粗略估计
6. the foods containing too much sugar and fat
含有太多糖分和脂肪的食物
7. justify my decision证明我的决定是有道理的
8. overcome the language barrier克服语言障碍
9. stay in my heart forever永远留在我的心中
10. a smoke-free zone无烟区
11. a buried ancient city一个被埋藏的古城
12. a well-structured paragraph一个结构良好的段落
13. a global phenomenon一种全球现象
14. the victims of natural disasters
自然灾害中的受害者
15. the basics of using a needle and thread
使用针和线的基础知识
16. suspect n.（犯罪）嫌疑人，可疑分子 adj.可疑的；不可信的vt.猜想，
怀疑，觉得
①suspect the truth 怀疑真相
②the prime suspect 主要嫌疑人
③the suspect behaviour 可疑行为
17. pose vt.造成，引起，产生（问题、危险、困难等） vi.& n.（为画
像、拍照等而摆的）姿势，姿态
①pose for a picture摆好姿势拍照
②pose a question 提出一个问题
③the model’s pose 模特的姿势
语境记忆
18. bound adj.很有可能，肯定会
With such heavy rain， the roads are bound to be flooded.　（环境描写）
雨这么大，道路肯定会被淹没。
19. participant n.参加者，参与者；twin n.双胞胎中的一个
I’m thrilled to announce that both you and your twin brother are chosen as
participants for our upcoming event.　（动作描写）
我很激动地宣布，你和你的双胞胎弟弟都被选为我们即将到来的活动的参
与者。
20. emotion n.强烈的情感，激情；visible adj.看得见的
Her emotion was so strong that it was visible in her shaking lips and teary eyes.　
（神情描写）
她的情感非常强烈，从她颤抖的嘴唇和含泪的眼睛中可以看得见。
21. mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的；abuse vt.滥用，妄
用；虐待n.滥用；虐待
With a mere glance， he could tell that the animal had suffered abuse.　（动
作描写）
仅仅一瞥，他就可以看出那只动物受到了虐待。
22. locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置；rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发
生的
She struggled to locate the rare manuscript in the vast library.　（动作描写）
她在浩瀚的图书馆中努力寻找那本稀有的手稿。
23. officially adv.官方地，正式地；thorough adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的
I am officially announcing our partnership after thorough discussions.　（动
作描写）
经过深入讨论后，我正式宣布我们的合作伙伴关系。
阅读词汇明义
快速一览
1. marathon n.马拉松赛跑
2. athletics n.田径运动
3. innovate vi.& vt.革新，创新，改革
4. vaccine n.疫苗
5. resilience n.恢复力，复原力，适应力
6. doping n.使用违禁药物（以提高体育比赛的成绩）
7. clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖
n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体
8. gene n.基因
9. artificially adv.人为地，虚假地
10. identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
11. mammal n.哺乳动物
12. camel n.骆驼
13. cattle n.牛
14. goat n.山羊
15. primate n.灵长目动物
16. ape n.猿
17. reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的
18. clue n.线索，提示
19. provoke vt.激起，引起
20. ethical adj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的
21. inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的
22. curse n.祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语
23. atom n.原子
24. organ n.器官
25. impulse n.（神经）冲动，（电）脉冲
26. crossword n.纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏
27. intake n.摄入量，摄取量
28. omega n.欧米伽（希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω， ω）
29. epidemic n.传染病，流行病
30. virus n.病毒
31. variation n.变化物，变体；差异，变动
32. bacteria n.细菌
33. baseline n.（医学或科学中的）基线，准线
34. parallel n.（不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的）联系，相似 adj.平
行的
教材例句
35. （人教版必修二）There are countless articles telling us how the Internet
has made our lives more convenient.We no longer have to wait in line or carry
cash around when we go shopping.We can get the most updated information
from large databases.　n.数据库
36. （外研版选择性必修四）Almost 400 years after the first Earth-based
telescope was invented， the Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit，
giving astronomers — indeed all of us — the first breathtakingly beautiful
images of our universe taken from beyond Earth.　n.天文学家
37. （译林版必修三）The trials on patients were likely to be postponed
because they did not have sufficient safety data.　n.试验
派生词汇识记
1. biology n.生物学→biological adj.生物的；生物学的→biologist n.
生物学家
2. capable adj.有能力的→capability n.（完成困难事情的）能力，才能
3. infer vt.推断，推定→inference n.推断，推定
4. calculate vt.计算，核算→calculation n.计算，核算→calculator n.计算器
5. physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的；身体的；物质的→physicist
n.物理学家
6. better vt.改善，提高；超过；胜过→betterment n.（个人社会和经济地
位的）改良，改善，提高
7. edit vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→edition n.版本，版次→editor n.
编辑，主编
8. compare v.比较→comparison n.比较
9. whole adj.完全的→wholly adv.完全地
10. accurate adj.准确的，正确的→accurately adv.准确地→accuracy n.准确
性，准确度
11. treat n.乐事；款待 vt.治疗；对待→treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法；对
待方式
12. bless vt.祝福→blessing n.福气，幸运
13. nerve n.神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张→nervous adj.紧张的
14. classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classified adj.分类的；机密
的→classification n.归类，分类，分级
15. oppose vt.反对→opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事
物→opposite adj.对面的；相反的→opposition n.反对，反抗
16. depress vt.令人沮丧；使萧条→depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁
的→depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depression n.沮丧；（经济）萧条
17. steady adj.稳定的；稳固的→steadily adv.稳定地→unsteady adj.
不稳定的
18. actual adj.实际的，真实的→actually adv.事实上；的确
19. system n.系统，体系，制度→systematic adj.系统化的，有条理的
20. globe n.地球，世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的
第一组
1. be amazed at 对……感到惊讶
2. make a decision 作出决定
3. warm up 热身；加热
4. on one’s own 独立地
5. be devoted to 致力于
6. a number of 大量的
7. so far 到目前为止
8. an amount of 大量的
9. be crucial for 对……至关重要
第二组
11. view ...as ... 把……看作……
12. be good for 对……有好处
13. be good at 擅长
e up 走近；被提出
e up with 想出
16. make good use of 很好地利用
17. be divided into 被划分成
18. in the course of 在……的过程中
19. pose a threat 构成威胁
1. 句式：the first ...to do ...
原句：They were the first-ever primates （the order of mammals which
include apes，monkeys，and humans） to have been cloned！
它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物（哺乳动物的一个类别，包括
猿、猴子和人类）！
2. 句式：while 引导的让步状语从句
原句：While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement，
others raise moral concerns.
尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的
担忧。
3. 句式：whether ...or ...是……还是……
原句：How it is used， whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind，
depends on mankind and not on the instrument.
怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自
己，而不取决于工具。
4. 句式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
原句：Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population died
from the epidemic， making it one of the main causes of the fall of the
Roman Empire.
科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗
马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。
5. 句式：sb/sth be believed to be ...某人/某物被认为是……
原句：Having killed up to 50 million people in 18 months， the Spanish Flu is
believed to have been the most severe epidemic in history.
在18个月内造成5，000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重
的流行病。
2
基础·夯实过关
默写查验，巧学活用
（一）分类识记单词——用时少·功效快
阅读单词知意
请在没有记牢的单词前的方框内画“√”，以便下次着重记忆。
□1.clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖
n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体
□2.artificially adv.人为地，虚假地
□3.identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的
□4.clue n.线索，提示
□5.provoke vt.激起，引起
□6.atom n.原子
□7.organ n.器官
□8.impulse n.（神经）冲动，（电）脉冲
□9.crossword n.纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏
□10.intake n.摄入量，摄取量
□11.epidemic n.传染病，流行病
□12.virus n.病毒
□13.variation n.变化物，变体；差异，变动
□14.bacteria n.细菌
□15.parallel n.（不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的）联系，相似 adj.平
行的
□16.sample n.样本，样品
vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查
□17.outbreak n.（战争或疾病）爆发，突然发生
□18.underline vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线
□19.symbolically adv.象征地，象征性地
□20.database n.数据库，资料库
核心单词练通
1. vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
2. n.双胞胎中的一个
3. adv.永远；长久地
4. adj.很有可能，肯定会
5. adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的
6. vt.滥用，妄用；虐待n.滥用；虐待
7. n.因素，要素
8. adv.官方地，正式地
9. adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的
justify　
twin　
forever　
bound　
mere　
abuse　
factor　
officially　
rare　
10. adj.看得见的
11. vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏
12. vt.造成，引起，产生（问题、危险、困难等） n.（为画像、
拍照等而摆的）姿势，姿态
13. adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的
14. n.针
15. n.（犯罪）嫌疑人，可疑分子
16. n.（袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的）受害者
17. After hours of searching， we finally managed to （找出） the
missing dog near the river.
visible　
bury　
pose　
thorough　
needle　
suspect　
victim　
locate　
18. As a long-term （参与者） in community service， Sarah
has gained invaluable life lessons.
19. Each （段落） in the essay should focus on a single idea or
argument.
20. He struggled to keep his （情感） under control during the
heated debate.
21. Making the right decision at this moment is （至关重要的）
for the success of the project.
22. Persistent coughing is a （症状） of various respiratory
（呼吸系统） diseases.
participant　
paragraph　
emotions　
crucial　
symptom　
23. Social media has become a global （现象） affecting
millions of lives.
24. The equator divides the Earth into two （地带）： the Northern
Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere.
25. The language （障碍） made it difficult for the two persons to
communicate effectively.
26. The project is （估计） to be completed by the end of the
year.
27. The sports stadium can （容纳） up to 50，000 people，
making it the ideal place for international events and concerts.
28. There is （广泛流传的） concern about the rising levels
of air pollution.
phenomenon　
zones　
barrier　
estimated　
contain　
widespread　
拓展单词用活
1. n.生物学→ adj.生物的；生物学的
→ n.生物学家
2. n.物理学→ adj.物理学的；身体的；物质的
→ n.物理学家
3. vt.改善，提高；超过；胜过→ n.（个人社会
和经济地位的）改良，改善，提高
4. vi.& vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→ n.版本，版次
→ n.编辑，主编
5. adj.完全的→ adv.完全地
biology　
biological　
biologist　
physics　
physical　
physicist　
better　
betterment　
edit　
edition　
editor　
whole　
wholly　
6. vt.祝福→ n.福气，幸运
7. vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→ adj.分类
的；机密的→ n.归类，分类，分级
8. vt.反对→ adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不
赞成某事物→ adj.对面的；相反的→ n.反对，
反抗
9. adj.实际的，真实的→ adv.事实上；的确
10. vi.相一致；符合；类似于→ adj.相应
的；对应的→ n.一致；相似；相关；通信；信件
bless　
blessing　
classify　
classified　
classification　
oppose　
opposed　
opposite　
opposition　
actual　
actually　
correspond　
corresponding　
correspondence　
11. vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→ n.确定，
发现；鉴定；辨认
12. Based on the symptoms， the doctor could that the patient was
suffering from an allergic reaction， a conclusion supported by
further from test results.（infer）
13. Even though she is young， she is quite and
her in coding （编程） are exceptional.（capable）
14. He the total cost and was surprised by the
final .（calculate）
identify　
identification　
infer　
inference　
capable　
capabilities　
calculated　
calculation　
15. His health was ， and he was improving each day.
（steady）
16. It’s difficult to the two artists， as a direct
doesn’t do justice to their unique styles.（compare）
17. The company has had the experts to start the （system）
analysis of the risks involved.
18. The doctor the patient with care， and the
proved to be effective.（treat）
19. The information was ， and the level of
impressed everyone.（accurate）
steady　
steadily　
compare　
comparison　
systematic　
treated　
treatment　
accurate　
accuracy　
20. The issue affects people across the ， and it requires a
solution.（globe）
21. The endings in our body are responsible for sensation， and
these can make us feel when faced with a dangerous
situation.（nerve）
22. The news was so that it actually made me
feel .（depress）
globe　
global　
nerve　
nerves　
nervous　
depressing　
depressed　
（二）集中识记短语——不枯燥·求实效
先写对
第一组
1. 　对……感到惊讶
2. 　作出决定
3. 　热身；加热
4. 　独立地
5. 　致力于
6. 　大量的
7. 　到目前为止
8. 　大量的
be amazed at　
make a decision　
warm up　
on one’s own　
be devoted to　
a number of　
so far　
an amount of　
第二组
1. 　对……至关重要
2. 　一定会做……
3. 　把……看作……
4. 　对……有好处
5. 　想出
6. 　很好地利用
7. 　被划分成
8. 　构成威胁
be crucial for　
be bound to do　
view ...as ...　
be good for　
come up with　
make good use of　
be divided into　
pose a threat　
再用准
根据语境选用上面短语填空
1. people have been rescued from the flood-affected areas.
2. Adequate resources and effective teaching methods
ensuring high-quality education.
3. Before you start jogging， make sure you to prevent muscle
injuries.
4. Dr Smith researching cures for infectious diseases， and
his work has already saved countless lives.
A number of　
are crucial for　
warm up　
is devoted to　
5. If you keep working hard， you succeed.Remember，
persistence always pays off.
6. Impressively， he completed the project ， without any
help， showing his initiative and capability.
7. In today’s rapidly changing world， many people
education the key to success.It’s not just about degrees； it’s about
equipping yourself with the necessary tools to adapt and stand out.
8. your time and resources to complete the project
efficiently.
9. She a creative idea for her son’s birthday party.
are bound to　
on his own　
view　
as　
Make good use of　
came up with　
10. She had to between pursuing a degree in medicine or
in law.
11. She the kindness of strangers who helped her find her
lost phone.
make a decision　
was amazed at　
（三）破解构词密码——知规律·巧记忆
名词后缀-ence
密
码
解
读 含义 表示一种状态
规则 直接加-ence
例词 depend→dependence 依赖　　　　differ→difference 差异　　　　
prefer→preference 偏好
即
时
演
练 1.The young bird showed a （depend） on its mother
for food.Every morning， it chirped loudly until she brought it breakfast.
2.During the class discussion about cultures， Maria noticed
a （differ） in how families celebrate holidays.
3.When it came to sports， Emma had a clear （prefer）
for basketball.She loved the excitement of the game and enjoyed
practicing with her team.
dependence　
difference　
preference　
（四）仿写活用句式——造佳句·表达高
句型公式 句式仿写
1.句型公式：the first ...to
do ...第一个……的…… 教材原句：They were the
first-ever primates （the
order of mammals which
include apes， monkeys， and
humans） to have been
cloned！ 1.他是第一位在同一届奥运会上赢得100米
和200米短跑金牌的运动员。

in both the 100 m and 200 m sprints
in the same Olympics.　（人物介绍）
He was the first athlete to win gold
medals　
句型公式 句式仿写
2.句型公式：while 引导的让
步状语从句 教材原句：While some
people believe it is crucial for
scientific advancement，others
raise moral concerns. 2.尽管努力工作很重要，但别忘了抽时间
休息和放松。
，
don’t forget to take time for yourself and
relax.　（建议信）
While it’s important to work hard　
句型公式 句式仿写
3.句型公式：
whether ...or ...是……还
是…… 教材原句：How it is used，
whether it is a blessing or a
curse to mankind， depends on
mankind and not on the
instrument. 3.无论明天是下雨还是晴天，我们都要去
远足。
， we are going
hiking tomorrow.　（活动介绍）
Whether it rains or shines　
句型公式 句式仿写
4.句型公式：动词-ing短语作结
果状语 教材原句：Scientists now
estimate that up to 50% of the
area’s population died from the
epidemic， making it one of the
main causes of the fall of the
Roman Empire. 4.当地居民合作清除公园的垃圾，使其
成为一个对所有人来说更干净、更安全
的环境。
Local residents teamed up to remove trash
from the public park，

.　（动作描写）
making it a
cleaner and safer environment for
everyone　
句型公式 句式仿写
5.句型公式：sb/sth be believed
to be ...某人/某物被认为
是…… 教材原句：Having killed up to
50 million people in 18 months，
the Spanish Flu is believed to
have been the most severe
epidemic in history. 5.这种蔬菜因其丰富的营养成分被认为
对健康非常有益。
The vegetable highly
beneficial for health due to its rich nutrient
content.　（事物介绍）
is believed to be　
3
考点·多维突破
精讲精练，突破重难
Part Ⅰ 一维重点突破
　　In an institute， which is located far away from the city， some
scientists with outstanding capability are buried in an experiment of animal
cloning.In comparison to natural ones， genes of the animals will be edited，
which is estimated to be helpful for medical research and human
health.Cloning， however， is bound to contribute 　　 different ideas.The
supporters justify it as a way to improve the well-being of human lives，
　　 there are also some people opposed to it who raise moral concerns.As
Einstein said，“Science is a powerful instrument.How it is used， whether it
is a blessing or a curse to mankind， depends on mankind and not on the
instrument.A knife is useful， but it can also kill.”
微技能热身
1. ①处为which引导的 从句。
2. ②处应填介词 。
3. ③处应填连词 ，连接 句，意为“ ”。
非限制性定语　
to　
while　
并列　
而，然而　
locate vi.& vt.找出……的准确位置
【练通】 单句语法填空
① （locate） on the coast of the East China Sea，the town has a
history of more than 300 years and a population of 200，000.
②The restaurant’s （locate） by the beach makes it a popular
spot for tourists.Many people come here not only for the food but also for the
beautiful view of the ocean.
Located　
location　
【写美】 微写作
③借助地图，我们成功定位了学校周围的所有重要地方。这帮助我们在第
一周熟悉了校园。
Using the map， around the
school.This helped us get familiar with the campus during our first week.　
（动作描写）
we were able to locate all the important places　
【归纳】
（1）located adj.　　　位于
be located in　　位于；坐落于
（2）location n.　　位置；地点
【佳句】 ①Instead of trying to navigate the entire building at once， she
would focus on one floor at a time.She made note of where her classrooms
were， as well as the locations of the library， cafeteria， and gym.She
continued this process for each floor of the building.　（动作描写）
她没有试图一次探索整个建筑，而是每次专注于一层楼。她记下了教
室的位置，以及图书馆、食堂和体育馆的位置。她对大楼的每一层都
继续这么做。
②It was difficult to locate the house because the address was incorrect.
由于地址不正确，很难确定房子的位置。
capability n.（完成困难事情的）能力，才能
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①She （capable） managed the entire project from start to finish.
②He is a student （能够） solving difficult maths problems.
capably　
capable of　
【写美】 微写作
③动物园的动物已经丧失了自己捕食的能力。
Animals in the zoo have for
themselves.　（事物介绍）
lost the capability to catch/of catching food　
【归纳】
（1）the capability to do/of doing sth　做某事的能力
（2）capable adj.　　　　　有能力的；有才干的
be capable of　　能够，能，敢于
（3）capably adv.　　能干地
【佳句】 I intend to volunteer for our community， where I can not only
enhance my interpersonal capability but also learn problem-solving skills.
我打算参加社区志愿者活动，在那里我不仅可以提高人际交往能力，还能
学习解决问题的技巧。
bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏；将……埋在下面；遮盖；使专心
【练通】 单句语法填空
①David still refused to look at me，with his head （bury） in his
arms.
②I bury （I） in reading the English newspaper every day and I
have gained abundant knowledge.
buried　
myself　
【写美】 句型转换
③ the English newspaper every day， I
have gained abundant knowledge.　（用分词短语作状语改写句②）
Burying myself/Buried in reading　
【归纳】
（1）　　　　　　　埋头于；专心于
（2）bury one’s face in one’s hands　　双手掩面
【佳句】 Jennifer sat on the floor，burying her face in her hands， and her
body trembled as she began to cry softly.　（动作、情绪描写）
詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，开始轻声地哭泣。
comparison n.比较
【练通】 完成句子
①When I （把这两本书相互比
较）， I found that the second one had more interesting characters.
compared the two books with each other　
【写美】 一句多译
②与上学期相比，这学期她的成绩有了显著提升。
→ ， her grades have improved significantly
this term.（comparison）
→ ， her grades have improved significantly
this term.（compare）
In comparison with last term　
Compared to/with last term　
【归纳】
（1）in comparison with　　与……相比
（2）compare vi.& vt.　　比较，对比；　　把……比作
compare ...with/to ...　　把……与……相比较
compare ...to ...　　把……比作……；和……相比（通常作状语）
compare notes with sb　　与某人交换意见
【佳句】 Some people compare the journey of life to sailing： there are ups
and downs， but you have to keep moving forward.　（演讲稿）
有些人把生活的旅程比作航行：有高潮有低谷，但你必须不断前进。
estimate vt.& n.估计，估算；估价
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①In my （estimate）， she is one of the most talented artists of
her generation.
②The value of the antique vase （估价为） over $1，
000.My grandmother had no idea it was worth so much.
estimation　
was estimated at　
【写美】 微写作
③据估计，这座古城每年接待的游客超过200万人次。
the ancient city receives more than 2 million tourists
each year.　（地点介绍）
It is estimated that　
【归纳】
（1）estimate sth at ...　　估算某物的价格为……，估计某数字为……
be estimated to do ...　　估计做……
estimate that ...　　估计……
It is estimated that ...　　据估计……
（2）estimation n.　（对水平、数量等的）估计；判断，评价
in one’s estimation　　某人认为……
【佳句】 The coming storm is estimated to bring heavy rainfall and winds up
to 80 mph.　（环境描写）
即将来临的风暴预计带来大量降雨和高达80英里/小时的强风。
bound adj.很有可能，肯定会
【练通】 完成句子
①The train （开往山区）， where many
tourists were excited to ski.
was bound for the mountains　
【写美】 微写作
②只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。
So long as we hold our dreams and never give up， we
.　（演讲稿）
are bound to achieve
success　
【归纳】
be bound to do sth　　一定会做某事
be bound for　　开往某地；准备前往某地
be bound up with sth　　与某事有密切关系
be bound up in sth　　忙于某事
【佳句】 Visiting the Summer Palace is bound to greatly promote your
understanding of the profound traditional Chinese culture.　（推荐信）
游览颐和园一定会大大促进你对博大精深的中国传统文化的了解。
justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护
【练通】 单句语法填空
①After arriving late for the family gathering， she felt the need to
justify （her）.
herself　
【写美】 微写作
②她的挫败感完全是有合理解释的，因为她受到了不公平的对待。
Her frustration ， as she had been treated unfairly.　
（动作描写）
was completely justified　
【归纳】
（1）justify doing sth　证明做某事是有道理的
justify oneself　　为自己辩解
（2）justified adj.　　有合理解释的，有正当理由的
be justified in doing sth　　做某事有正当理由
【佳句】 The accurate and justified early warnings about the hurricane saved
many lives.　（新闻介绍）
关于飓风的准确而合理的早期预警挽救了许多生命。
opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物，不赞成某事物
【练通】 单句语法填空
① （oppose） to developing the nature reserve，the local people
prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.
Opposed　
【写美】 微写作
②因为我所有的朋友都反对我的计划，我忍不住伤心地抽泣起来。
Because all of my friends ，I couldn’t resist
sobbing sadly.　（情绪描写）
③由于全国反对浪费食物，我校发起了一项呼吁我们节约食物的活动。
，an activity has been launched to
call on us to save food in our school.　（活动介绍）
were opposed to my plan　
With the nation opposing wasting food　
【归纳】
（1）be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事
（2）oppose vt.　　反对；抵制；阻挠
oppose （doing） sth　　反对（做）某事
（3）opposition n.　　反对；对立；对手
opposite adj.　　相反的；对面的；对立的
【佳句】 Many citizens remained opposed to the construction of a new
highway through the national park， fearing it would have disastrous
environmental consequences.　（观点介绍）
许多市民仍然反对在国家公园中修建一条新高速公路，他们担心这将会带
来灾难性的环境后果。
【联想】 “反对”表达法：
①oppose ②resist ③be against
④be opposed to ⑤object to ⑥disapprove of
　　One of the earliest epidemics on record happened between 500 and 550
CE. Scientists now suspect that as much as 50% of the area’s population
died 　　 the epidemic， making it one of the main causes of the fall of
the Roman Empire.Centuries later， the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918，
identified as the Spanish Flu， 　　 （strike） near the end of the
war.Families who had only just gone through the war now fell victims to the
epidemic and had to bury the loved ones who had died of the disease.
微技能热身
1. ①处的短语as much as可用本单元的短语 替换。
2. ②处应填介词 。
3. ③处应填 。
up to　
from　
struck　
suspect n.（犯罪）嫌疑人，可疑分子vt.猜想，怀疑，觉得adj.可疑的；
不可信的
【练通】 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Anna noticed her friend acting strangely and began to suspect her
（be） upset about something.She approached her gently， asking if
everything was okay.
②Sarah （怀疑同伴） not doing his part.He
always seemed distracted and didn’t contribute much.
to be　
suspected her partner of　
【写美】 微写作
③当饼干从厨房消失时，露西怀疑是她的小弟弟拿走了它们。
When the cookies disappeared from the kitchen， Lucy
.　（动作描写）
suspected that her
younger brother had taken them　
【归纳】
suspect that ...　　　　　怀疑……
suspect sb/sth to be ...　　怀疑某人/某物是……
suspect sb of （doing） sth　　怀疑某人（做过）某事
【佳句】 What made you suspect her of having taken the money？ You
shouldn’t jump to a conclusion.
你凭什么怀疑她拿走了钱？你不应该草率下结论。
【联想】 “vt.＋sb of sth”结构短语集锦：
①inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
②remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事
③rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物
④accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事
⑤warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
【教材原句】 Scientists now estimate that up to 50% of the area’s population
died from the epidemic， making it one of the main causes of the fall of the
Roman Empire.
科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗
马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。
【写美】 微写作
①我相信这段经历也会对你有益，使你的交换生生活更加丰富多彩、收获
满满。
I believe the experience will also be beneficial to you，
.　（发言稿）
②昨天我去看望我的好朋友，结果得知她一周前出国了。
Yesterday I went to see my good friend，
.
making your life as
an exchange student more colourful and rewarding　
only to learn that she had gone
abroad a week before　
【归纳】
（1）动词-ing形式（短语）作结果状语表示意料、情理之中的结果。
（2）动词不定式（短语）作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且表示出乎
意料的结果，常与only， just等词连用。
【佳句】 When Wilson heated it， the container exploded， leaving him
blinded in both eyes.
当威尔逊加热它时，容器爆炸了，这使他双目失明。
Part Ⅱ 二维微点练全
维度一 阅读词汇清障——一词多义/熟词生义
1. nerve
A. n.神经　 B. n.勇气　　C. vt.鼓足勇气
（1）I nerved myself to face my accusers.
（2）A sensitive nerve in a tooth can cause great pain.
（3）You’ll need plenty of nerve to sit beside him when he is
driving.　
C　
A　
B　
2. pose
A. vi.摆好姿势 B. vt.造成（威胁、问题等） C. n.（为画像、拍照
等摆的）姿势
（1）She rearranged herself in another pose.　
（2）Pollution poses a threat to the existence of this species.　
（3）Please sit still while you pose for your photo.　
C　
B　
A　
3. 词义猜测
（1）Learning that he was appointed as head of the team，he couldn’t
contain his excitement.　
（2）We cannot calculate on his help because he is not reliable.　
（3）We sampled a selection of different bottles of water.　
（4）I got up early to catch the train that was bound for Shanghai.　
（5）Her head was buried in the book she was reading.　
（6）It is because more life experience may help people better identify
priorities in life.　
克制，抑制（感情）　
指望　
品尝　
开往　
埋头于　
确定　
维度二 写作词汇夯实——词形转换/动词形式变化/固定搭配
一、单句语法填空
1. I think there is a good reason for her absence as she （rare）
stays away from work without approval.
2. Yet properly understood， the age of electricity is （mere） the
second stage in the age of steam， which began a century earlier.
3. （participate） were randomly divided into two groups by
our English teacher.
4. One nonprofit organization， which monitors the （treat） of
animals in filmed entertainment， is keeping tabs on more than 2，000
productions this year.
rarely　
merely　
Participants　
treatment　
5. As they advance through the program， they will learn how to read short
sentences with 100% （accurate）.
6. Adolescence is the period of life when youths leave childhood and head into
adulthood， which is a difficult physical and （emotion）
process.
7. We already know who’s got the job but we haven’t yet been
informed （official）.
8. With the new machines， we finally have the （capable） to
do the job properly.
accuracy　
emotional　
officially　
capability　
9. These （calculate） are based on the latest statistics and
they are reliable.
10. Along with your wonderful （innovate）， you need to
hand in a report， explaining how the idea occurred to you.
11. There are instructions on the bottle to prevent the medicine from
being （abuse）.
12. These animals and plants （classify） into different
groups by Tom yesterday.
calculations　
innovation　
abused　
were classified　
二、完成句子
1. Sarah （一定会） win the competition.She had put so
much effort into it.
2. In geography class， the teacher asked students to
（定位不同的国家） on the map.
3. （据估计） over a million people visit the annual
festival each year.
4. Emily （埋头于） her books.She loved
reading mystery novels and spent hours in her room， losing track of time.
was bound to　
locate different
countries　
It is estimated that　
was buried in/buried herself in　
5. Sarah discovered that her painting style （不
同于） her friend’s.
6. Emily （第一位完成数学
考试的学生）.
7. On Saturday， Emma debated
（是去看望祖父母还是去听音乐会） with friends.
8. The missing painting （被认为） be hidden in a secret
location.
differed/was different from　
was the first student to finish her maths test　
whether to visit her grandparents or go to a
concert　
is believed to　
Part Ⅲ 三维写作提能
　　你校英文报就“是否应该克隆人类”发起讨论，请你写一篇短文
投稿。
投稿——是否克隆人类
第一步　练单句——词句优美，吸引眼球
1. 最近，我们就“是否应该克隆人类”进行了一次讨论。　（宾语从句）

2.50%的学生认为克隆人类是非常有意义的。　（meaningful）

3. 它可以使世界更加有趣，给人们带来更多快乐。

4. 我们可以克隆一些著名的科学家，让他们为人类做更多的事情。

Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone humans.
50 percent of the students think cloning humans is very meaningful.
It can make the world more interesting and give people more pleasure.
We can clone some famous scientists and let them do more things for humans.
5. 而40%的学生的想法则完全不同。　（while）

6. 在他们看来，人类是不能被克隆的。　（in one’s opinion）

7. 首先，我们每个人都很特别，但克隆人只不过是一个复制品。　
（nothing but）


While 40 percent of the students think quite differently.
In their opinion， humans can’t be cloned.
First of all， each of us is very special， but a cloned person is nothing but a
copy.
8. 此外，克隆人可能会被一些坏人利用，这将给世界带来巨大的危害。　
（非限制性定语从句）


9. 就我而言，现在很难说克隆人是否正确。　（as far as）


10. 也许我们只能拭目以待。

In addition， cloned people may be used by some bad people， which will do
great harm to the world.
As far as I am concerned， it is hard to tell whether cloning humans is right or
not right now.
Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.
第二步　组语篇——文从字顺，赏心悦目
　　










　　 　Recently we have had a discussion on whether we should clone
humans.50 percent of the students think cloning humans is very
meaningful.They believe it can make the world more interesting and give
people more pleasure.What’s more， we can clone some famous scientists
and let them do more things for humans.　
While 40 percent of the students think quite differently.In their opinion，
humans can’t be cloned.First of all， each of us is very special， but a cloned
person is nothing but a copy.In addition， cloned people may be used by some
bad people， which will do great harm to the world.
As far as I am concerned， it is hard to tell whether cloning humans is right or
not right now.Perhaps we will just have to wait and see.
厚积薄发，下笔有神
亮
词 情感描写：emotion， ethical， inferior， blessing， nerve， opposed，
depressing
动作描写：justify， infer， calculate， innovate， classify， estimate，
bury， underline， identify， suspect， abuse， locate
美
句 ①Centuries later，the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918，also called the Spanish
Flu，struck near the end of World War Ⅰ.　（拟人）
②SARS was examined by scientists，who were confused by this new
disease and wanted to learn more about it and its causes.　（情感描写）
③It（The DNA detective） has been one of the key weapons for unsolved
cases.　（比喻）
动作描写之“手指”动作
词汇
手指 ①cross one’s fingers （交叉手指以）祈求好运
②lift/hold a warning finger 伸出一根手指警告
③raise a finger to one’s lips
伸出一根手指按在嘴唇上
④wag one’s finger 摇摇手指
⑤point an accusing finger at sb 指责某人
⑥run one’s fingers through/along/over 用手梳理/捋/摸
拇指 ①raise a thumb in greeting竖起大拇指打招呼
②stick out a thumb伸出大拇指
美句
①Lily held up her fingers in a peace sign as her friend took a picture of her.　（动作描写）
莉莉举起手指做出和平手势，这时朋友为她拍了一张照片。
②It was at that time that my considerate teacher tapped his fingers on the blackboard and then held a warning finger，signaling them to keep silent.　（动作描写）
就在那个时候，我那位体贴的老师用手指在黑板上敲了敲，然后竖起了一个警告的手指，示意他们保持安静。
③Sarah gently touched the flower petals with her fingers， feeling their softness and delicacy， as if they might break with the slightest pressure.　（动作描写）
莎拉轻轻用手指触摸花瓣，感受它们的柔软和细腻，仿佛稍一用力它们就会碎裂。
情境导语 老师走进教室，要求学生保持安静，但是有学生说话，他生气
地用手指敲着黑板……
第一步　完成句子
1. 门开了又关上，老师站在那儿，他伸出一根手指按在嘴唇上警告我们。
The door opened and closed， and there stood the teacher，
.
2. 过了一会儿，一些学生又忍不住小声谈论起来。

lifting/holding a
warning finger to his lips　
After a while， some students couldn’t help/resist talking in a whisper again.
3. 老师再一次伸出一根手指按到嘴唇上，要求安静下来。　（简单句）
Again， to ask for silence.
4. 仅仅过了几秒，又有人说起来了。他不耐烦地用手指在黑板上咚咚地
敲。　（简单句）
Only after a few seconds， some began to talk again.Impatiently，
.
5. 他指责那些说话的学生，命令他们走出教室。　（动词-ing短语作
状语）
， he ordered them to go
outside the classroom.
the teacher lifted/held a finger to his lips　
he
drummed his fingers on the blackboard　
Pointing an accusing finger at the students talking　
6. “你们真是太淘气了！”老师生气地摆了摆手指喊道。　（动词-ing短
语作状语）
“How naughty you are！” cried the teacher，
.
wagging his finger
angrily　
第二步　连句成文
　　







　　 　The door opened and closed， and there stood the teacher，
lifting/holding a warning finger to his lips.However， after a while， some
students couldn’t help/resist talking in a whisper again.Again， the teacher
lifted/held a finger to his lips to ask for silence.Only after a few seconds， some
began to talk again.Impatiently， he drummed his fingers on the
blackboard.Pointing an accusing finger at the students talking， he ordered
them to go outside the classroom.“How naughty you are！” cried the
teacher， wagging his finger angrily.　
演示完毕 感谢观看 !题组训练（二）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·济南质量检测）A rising star from Virginia has secured the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer.At just 14 years old， Heman Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge， standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap （SCTS）.
　　Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not only affordable， but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer.In Bekele’s own words，“Curing cancer， one bar of soap at a time.” He always has endless passion for biology and technology， and the 3M Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with the perfect platform to display his ideas.Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative thinking.Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun， he couldn’t help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun exposure.
　　“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also accessible to a broad audience，” Bekele expressed during an interview with the media.He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle， a product engineering specialist， who connected him with other scientists to aid him in reaching his ambitious plans.
　　During his presentation， Bekele passionately expressed his vision of turning the soap into “a symbol of hope， accessibility， and a world where skin cancer treatment is within reach for all”.
　　Over the coming five years， Bekele longs to perfect his invention and establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation to more places including undeveloped communities， offering hope and a practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
1.What made Bekele an instant hit？（　　）
A.Starting a soap fashion. B.Overcoming skin cancer.
C.Being the youngest scientist. D.Creating a soap against skin cancer.
2.What inspired Bekele to invent the SCTS？（　　）
A.His concern for others. B.His adventure in childhood.
C.His enthusiasm for technology. D.His interest in medical knowledge.
3.What will Bekele do in the near future？（　　）
A.Obtain official approval. B.Visit undeveloped areas.
C.Increase the availability of the soap. D.Update the facilities of production.
4.Which of the following can best describe Bekele？（　　）
A.Inspiring and modest. B.Humorous and positive.
C.Creative and considerate. D.Curious and independent.
B
　　（2025·齐鲁名校联盟联考）A new report published in the Journal of Sleep Research found no evidence that using the snooze （打盹儿） function on your alarm negatively affects sleep and cognitive （认知） processes.And while learning sleepiness and shorter sleep were more common in those who snoozed， it could even have benefits if used shortly.
　　The research even found that a brief snooze period could relieve sleep inertia （惯性）， the unclearness and performance or mood decline that occurs when waking up， without completely disturbing sleep.It could also improve one’s cognitive function compared to completely waking up after the first alarm goes off.
　　“The findings indicate that there is no reason to stop snoozing in the morning if you enjoy it， at least not for snooze times around 30 minutes.In fact， it may even help those with morning unclearness to be slightly more awake once they get up，” said the researcher Tina Sundelin of Stockholm University.
　　The research was based on two studies with the first observing the waking habits of 1，732 adults.Most of the adults （69%） reported using an alarm’s snooze function or occasionally setting multiple alarms.Snoozing ranged from 1 to 180 minutes， according to the study， with the average period being 22 minutes per morning.The second study analyzed 31 confirmed regular snoozers and found that for every 30 minutes they snoozed， they lost six minutes of sleep — for a net gain of 24 minutes.However， researchers did not find any clear effects on mood， stress， tiredness， hormone levels or overnight sleep quality.
　　The report also found people who snooze tended to be at least six years younger than those who don’t， and those who were identified as night owls were almost four times more likely to snooze than early birds.Snoozers also had a slightly shorter sleep time on workdays， 13 minutes less on average， compared to those who never snooze.
　　Despite these studies finding that a certain amount of snooze time won’t damage your health， it remains key to get enough consistent sleep to avoid serious health consequences.
5.What may a short snooze period result in according to the new research？（　　）
A.Better sleep inertia. B.Disturbed sleep processes.
C.A good mood. D.A poor cognitive function.
6.What is Tina Sundelin’s attitude to short snoozing in the morning？（　　）
A.Critical.　　　　　　　B.Tolerant. C.Doubtful.　　　　　　　D.Favorable.
7.How was the research carried out？（　　）
A.By consulting different experts. B.By collecting and analyzing data.
C.By reviewing related records online. D.By doing experiments on students.
8.What does the text suggest us to do about sleep？（　　）
A.Try to be an early sleeper. B.Sleep more on weekends.
C.Snooze as much as possible. D.Get enough consistent sleep.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（外刊原创·Reader’s Digest）Engaging in hobbies can offer a wide range of benefits that contribute to overall well-being and quality of life.9.（　　） But where should you start if you want to discover the hobbies you don’t yet know you’ll love.Here are some tips for you：
　　10.（　　）
　　Select a hobby that is relatively easy to start and doesn’t require a significant time commitment or investment in specialized equipment or resources.If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit， join an outing or two with a local Meetup group.Or sign up to do a one-time pottery class rather than a set of eight.You needn’t push yourself， because hobbies are supposed to be fun.
　　Have an open mind.
　　Being open to new experiences allows you to explore a wide range of activities and interests that you may not have considered before.This opens up opportunities for discovering hobbies that resonate with you on a deeper level.An open mindset encourages creativity and innovation in your approach to hobbies.11.（　　） Actually， stepping out of your comfort zone will be good for your personal growth.
　　Take a trip back in time.
　　When you were a kid， what did you want to be when you grew up？ 12.（　　） For example， if you wanted to be a professional soccer player growing up， joining a local team or coaching some neighbourhood kids could reignite a long dormant passion.Childhood delights can easily evolve into adult hobbies.
　　Take an assessment.
　　Lots of universities offer career assessments to help students determine what to major in and how to make career choices.13.（　　） If you’re a university graduate， connect with your university’s alumni centre； sometimes they make these assessments available for free.
A.Start small.
B.Establish a clear goal.
C.It’s never too late to find a new hobby.
D.Try to enjoy the journey of exploring a new hobby.
E.The answer could point you towards an appealing hobby.
F.It enables you to think outside the box and try new techniques.
G.You can also use these tools to gain insights about potential hobbies.
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2025·雅礼中学模拟）Lisa woke up on Saturday morning with excitement.Today she was turning 10.She thought her mother would make her a special breakfast.Last year on her birthday， Lisa woke up to the smell of pancakes and sausage cooking.The kitchen table was full of fresh fruit and juice， and her family had even bought lots of fresh flowers to put on the table.
　　But when she went downstairs this morning， her father， mother and brother were eating cereal （麦片） at the table， just like any other day.No one even said “Happy Birthday！”
　　When the phone rang and her mother announced that Lisa’s aunt wanted to speak with her， she knew that it must be to wish her the best on her 10th birthday.But to Lisa’s surprise， her aunt simply wanted to remind her to pick up her mail the next week while her aunt was out of town.
　　Lisa was quite confused.She thought that her family would say something about her special day， but she didn’t want to seem upset.She tried to be cheerful.After all， she was looking forward to meeting her friends in the park soon.Surely they were going to be excited about her birthday.
　　When Lisa arrived at the park， her friend Jane was the first to greet her.“Nice day， isn’t it， Lisa？” she asked.
　　Lisa， ready for her friend to wish her a happy birthday， responded excitedly， “Yes， it is！ It’s a great day.You know why？”
　　“Because it’s Saturday and the weather is great！” Jane replied.
　　Lisa nodded， but looked down in disappointment.
　　Soon the rest of her friends arrived， and they all had a good time playing soccer and spending time together.But Lisa couldn’t help but think that it was strange that none of them had mentioned her birthday.
　　As she walked home in the late afternoon sun， Lisa tried her best not to cry.How could everyone forget her birthday？ She was close to tears by the time she reached her home.
　　When she walked in， she was quite surprised.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式作答。
　　There was a box with her name on it in the living room.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　No one was home， but there was a letter on the table.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
题组训练（二）
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Heman Bekele发明了一种抗皮肤癌肥皂，并凭借此发明在3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Bekele因其开创性的发明——抗皮肤癌肥皂，在2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国顶尖青年科学家”。由此可知，令Bekele一夜成名的是他发明了抗皮肤癌肥皂。
2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun ...the risks associated with constant sun exposure.可知，目睹了人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到持续暴露在阳光下的风险。由此可推知，Bekele对他人的关心激励他发明抗皮肤癌肥皂。
3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴望完善他的发明，并建立一个致力于将他的发明传播到更多地方的非营利组织，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和切实可行的解决方案。由此可知，Bekele在不久的将来会增加人们获得肥皂的可能性。
4.C　推理判断题。根据第一段中的his groundbreaking creation和his innovative creation可知，Bekele创造性地发明了一种抗皮肤癌肥皂，这说明Bekele有创造力；再根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work tirelessly ...constant sun exposure和最后一段中的establish a nonprofit organization ...fight against skin cancer可知，Bekele为他人着想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了起床前短暂的打盹有利于身体健康。
5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段及第三段最后一句可知，短暂的打盹可以缓解睡眠紊乱，并不会干扰睡眠，还能改善人的认知功能。由此可推知，闹钟响后短暂的打盹可以使人起床后心情舒畅。
6.D　观点态度题。根据第三段可知，蒂娜·桑德琳认为早上打个小盹有好处，对其持赞成态度。
7.B　推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，这项研究是通过收集和分析数据来进行的。
8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，虽然短暂的打盹不会损害健康，但获得足够的持续睡眠依然是保证健康的重要因素。由此可推知，文章建议还是要获得足够的持续睡眠。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。兴趣爱好不但会给我们的生活带来很多乐趣，而且会提升我们的健康水平。可是，我们应该如何培养新的兴趣爱好呢？
9.C　根据下句But where should you start if you want to discover the hobbies ...可知，这里在谈论如何发现新爱好，故C项符合语境。
10.A　本段主要建议我们选择简单易行的事情来做，刚开始不用花太多时间、金钱或资源，另外，要循序渐进。因此A项适合作为本段的小标题。
11.F　本段主要说明拥有开放心态的重要性，上句指出：开放的心态可以鼓励你在对待新兴趣爱好方面发挥创造力和创新精神。F项则进一步说明开放心态的好处。
12.E　上句提出了一个问题When you were a kid， what did you want to be when you grew up？， E项中的The answer正好与此问题相呼应。
13.G　上句指出：许多大学提供职业评估来帮助学生决定主修专业以及如何做出职业选择。G项则接着说明：你也可以使用这些工具来了解自己潜在的爱好。
Ⅲ.
　　There was a box with her name on it in the living room.Thinking that it might be her birthday present， she went up and opened the box with delight.In the box lay a photo album filled with photos recording the important moments together with her family and friends as she grew up.Lisa sank in the precious memories： the first family who had made it！ At that time， Lisa came to wonder where they were and began to search every room.
　　No one was home， but there was a letter on the table.Her heart beating wildly， she reached out for that letter which was written by her family and friends， saying how great a family member and a friend she was.With tears welling up in her eyes， she found in surprise that she was already surrounded by her loved ones.“Happy Birthday！” they said cheerfully and sent their best wishes to Lisa.All of them had a wonderful evening together， adding another chapter to Lisa’s album.
3 / 4(共31张PPT)
题组训练（二）
高中总复习·英语 (北师大版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·济南质量检测）A rising star from Virginia has secured the title
of “America’s Top Young Scientist” for his groundbreaking creation — a
bar of soap designed to battle against skin cancer.At just 14 years old， Heman
Bekele emerged as the victor of the 2023 3M Young Scientist Challenge，
standing out among the ten finalists with his innovative creation known as the
Skin Cancer Treating Soap （SCTS）.
　　Bekele’s brilliant concept centers on the development of a soap that is not
only affordable， but also has the potential to reactivate the body’s natural
defenders of the skin to stop skin cancer.In Bekele’s own words，“Curing
cancer， one bar of soap at a time.” He always has endless passion for biology
and technology， and the 3M Young Scientist Challenge just provided him with
the perfect platform to display his ideas.Reflecting on his inspiration， Bekele
shared that his childhood played a significant role in shaping his innovative
thinking.Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun， he couldn’t
help but wonder how many were aware of the risks associated with constant sun
exposure.
　　“I wanted to make my idea not only scientifically exceptional but also
accessible to a broad audience，” Bekele expressed during an interview with
the media.He received invaluable guidance from Deborah Isabelle， a product
engineering specialist， who connected him with other scientists to aid him in
reaching his ambitious plans.
　　During his presentation， Bekele passionately expressed his vision of
turning the soap into “a symbol of hope， accessibility， and a world where
skin cancer treatment is within reach for all”.
　　Over the coming five years， Bekele longs to perfect his invention and
establish a nonprofit organization devoted to distributing his innovative creation
to more places including undeveloped communities， offering hope and a
practical solution in the fight against skin cancer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Heman Bekele发明了一种抗皮肤癌
肥皂，并凭借此发明在3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国
顶尖青年科学家”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Heman Bekele发明了一种抗皮肤癌
肥皂，并凭借此发明在3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国
顶尖青年科学家”。
1. What made Bekele an instant hit？（　　）
A. Starting a soap fashion.
B. Overcoming skin cancer.
C. Being the youngest scientist.
D. Creating a soap against skin cancer.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Bekele因其开创性的发明——
抗皮肤癌肥皂，在2023年3M青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，被评为“美国
顶尖青年科学家”。由此可知，令Bekele一夜成名的是他发明了抗皮肤癌
肥皂。
√
2. What inspired Bekele to invent the SCTS？（　　）
A. His concern for others.
B. His adventure in childhood.
C. His enthusiasm for technology.
D. His interest in medical knowledge.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work
tirelessly under the sun ...the risks associated with constant sun exposure.可
知，目睹了人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，他不禁想知道有多少人意识到
持续暴露在阳光下的风险。由此可推知，Bekele对他人的关心激励他发明
抗皮肤癌肥皂。
√
3. What will Bekele do in the near future？（　　）
A. Obtain official approval.
B. Visit undeveloped areas.
C. Increase the availability of the soap.
D. Update the facilities of production.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，在接下来的五年里，Bekele渴
望完善他的发明，并建立一个致力于将他的发明传播到更多地方的非营利
组织，为抗击皮肤癌提供希望和切实可行的解决方案。由此可知，Bekele
在不久的将来会增加人们获得肥皂的可能性。
√
4. Which of the following can best describe Bekele？（　　）
A. Inspiring and modest.
B. Humorous and positive.
C. Creative and considerate.
D. Curious and independent.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第一段中的his groundbreaking creation和his
innovative creation可知，Bekele创造性地发明了一种抗皮肤癌肥皂，这说明
Bekele有创造力；再根据第二段中的Having witnessed people work
tirelessly ...constant sun exposure和最后一段中的establish a nonprofit
organization ...fight against skin cancer可知，Bekele为他人着想。
√
B
　　（2025·齐鲁名校联盟联考）A new report published in the Journal of
Sleep Research found no evidence that using the snooze （打盹儿） function on
your alarm negatively affects sleep and cognitive （认知） processes.And
while learning sleepiness and shorter sleep were more common in those who
snoozed， it could even have benefits if used shortly.
　　The research even found that a brief snooze period could relieve sleep
inertia （惯性）， the unclearness and performance or mood decline that
occurs when waking up， without completely disturbing sleep.It could also
improve one’s cognitive function compared to completely waking up after the
first alarm goes off.
　　“The findings indicate that there is no reason to stop snoozing in the
morning if you enjoy it， at least not for snooze times around 30 minutes.In
fact， it may even help those with morning unclearness to be slightly more
awake once they get up，” said the researcher Tina Sundelin of Stockholm
University.
　　The research was based on two studies with the first observing the waking
habits of 1，732 adults.Most of the adults （69%） reported using an alarm’s
snooze function or occasionally setting multiple alarms.Snoozing ranged from 1
to 180 minutes， according to the study， with the average period being 22
minutes per morning.The second study analyzed 31 confirmed regular snoozers
and found that for every 30 minutes they snoozed， they lost six minutes of
sleep — for a net gain of 24 minutes.However， researchers did not find any
clear effects on mood， stress， tiredness， hormone levels or overnight sleep
quality.
　　The report also found people who snooze tended to be at least six years
younger than those who don’t， and those who were identified as night owls
were almost four times more likely to snooze than early birds.Snoozers also had
a slightly shorter sleep time on workdays， 13 minutes less on average，
compared to those who never snooze.
　　Despite these studies finding that a certain amount of snooze time won’t
damage your health， it remains key to get enough consistent sleep to avoid
serious health consequences.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了起床前短暂的打盹有利
于身体健康。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了起床前短暂的打盹有利
于身体健康。
5. What may a short snooze period result in according to the new research？
（　　）
A. Better sleep inertia.
B. Disturbed sleep processes.
C. A good mood.
D. A poor cognitive function.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段及第三段最后一句可知，短暂的打盹
可以缓解睡眠紊乱，并不会干扰睡眠，还能改善人的认知功能。由此可推
知，闹钟响后短暂的打盹可以使人起床后心情舒畅。
√
6. What is Tina Sundelin’s attitude to short snoozing in the morning？（　）
A. Critical. B. Tolerant.
C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第三段可知，蒂娜·桑德琳认为早上打个小
盹有好处，对其持赞成态度。
√
7. How was the research carried out？（　　）
A. By consulting different experts.
B. By collecting and analyzing data.
C. By reviewing related records online.
D. By doing experiments on students.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段可推知，这项研究是通过收集和分析
数据来进行的。
√
8. What does the text suggest us to do about sleep？（　　）
A. Try to be an early sleeper.
B. Sleep more on weekends.
C. Snooze as much as possible.
D. Get enough consistent sleep.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，虽然短暂的打盹不会损害健康，但获得足够的持续睡眠依然是保证健康的重要因素。由此可推知，文章建议还是要获得足够的持续睡眠。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（外刊原创·Reader’s Digest）Engaging in hobbies can offer a wide
range of benefits that contribute to overall well-being and quality of life.9.
（　　） But where should you start if you want to discover the hobbies you
don’t yet know you’ll love.Here are some tips for you：
　　10. （　　）
　　Select a hobby that is relatively easy to start and doesn’t require a
significant time commitment or investment in specialized equipment or
resources.If you’re wondering if paintballing might be a good fit， join an
outing or two with a local Meetup group.Or sign up to do a one-time pottery
class rather than a set of eight.You needn’t push yourself， because hobbies
are supposed to be fun.
　　Have an open mind.
　　Being open to new experiences allows you to explore a wide range of
activities and interests that you may not have considered before.This opens up
opportunities for discovering hobbies that resonate with you on a deeper
level.An open mindset encourages creativity and innovation in your approach to
hobbies.11.（　　） Actually， stepping out of your comfort zone will be
good for your personal growth.
　　Take a trip back in time.
　　When you were a kid， what did you want to be when you grew up？ 12.
（　　） For example， if you wanted to be a professional soccer player
growing up， joining a local team or coaching some neighbourhood kids could
reignite a long dormant passion.Childhood delights can easily evolve into adult
hobbies.
　　Take an assessment.
　　Lots of universities offer career assessments to help students determine
what to major in and how to make career choices.13.（　　） If you’re a
university graduate， connect with your university’s alumni centre；
sometimes they make these assessments available for free.
A. Start small.
B. Establish a clear goal.
C. It’s never too late to find a new hobby.
D. Try to enjoy the journey of exploring a new hobby.
E. The answer could point you towards an appealing hobby.
F. It enables you to think outside the box and try new techniques.
G. You can also use these tools to gain insights about potential hobbies.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。兴趣爱好不但会给我们的生活带来很多
乐趣，而且会提升我们的健康水平。可是，我们应该如何培养新的兴趣
爱好呢？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。兴趣爱好不但会给我们的生活带来很多
乐趣，而且会提升我们的健康水平。可是，我们应该如何培养新的兴趣
爱好呢？
9. C　根据下句But where should you start if you want to discover the
hobbies ...可知，这里在谈论如何发现新爱好，故C项符合语境。
10. A　本段主要建议我们选择简单易行的事情来做，刚开始不用花太多时
间、金钱或资源，另外，要循序渐进。因此A项适合作为本段的小标题。
11. F　本段主要说明拥有开放心态的重要性，上句指出：开放的心态可以
鼓励你在对待新兴趣爱好方面发挥创造力和创新精神。F项则进一步说明
开放心态的好处。
12. E　上句提出了一个问题When you were a kid， what did you want to be
when you grew up？，E项中的The answer正好与此问题相呼应。
13. G　上句指出：许多大学提供职业评估来帮助学生决定主修专业以及
如何做出职业选择。G项则接着说明：你也可以使用这些工具来了解自己
潜在的爱好。
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一
篇完整的短文。
　　（2025·雅礼中学模拟）Lisa woke up on Saturday morning with
excitement.Today she was turning 10.She thought her mother would make her a
special breakfast.Last year on her birthday， Lisa woke up to the smell of
pancakes and sausage cooking.The kitchen table was full of fresh fruit and
juice， and her family had even bought lots of fresh flowers to put on the table.
　　But when she went downstairs this morning， her father， mother and
brother were eating cereal （麦片） at the table， just like any other day.No
one even said “Happy Birthday！”
　　When the phone rang and her mother announced that Lisa’s aunt wanted
to speak with her， she knew that it must be to wish her the best on her 10th
birthday.But to Lisa’s surprise， her aunt simply wanted to remind her to pick
up her mail the next week while her aunt was out of town.
　　Lisa was quite confused.She thought that her family would say something
about her special day， but she didn’t want to seem upset.She tried to be
cheerful.After all， she was looking forward to meeting her friends in the park
soon.Surely they were going to be excited about her birthday.
　　When Lisa arrived at the park， her friend Jane was the first to greet
her.“Nice day， isn’t it， Lisa？” she asked.
　　Lisa， ready for her friend to wish her a happy birthday， responded
excitedly， “Yes， it is！ It’s a great day.You know why？”
　　“Because it’s Saturday and the weather is great！” Jane replied.
　　Lisa nodded， but looked down in disappointment.
　　Soon the rest of her friends arrived， and they all had a good time playing
soccer and spending time together.But Lisa couldn’t help but think that it was
strange that none of them had mentioned her birthday.
　　As she walked home in the late afternoon sun， Lisa tried her best not to
cry.How could everyone forget her birthday？ She was close to tears by the
time she reached her home.
　　When she walked in， she was quite surprised.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　There was a box with her name on it in the living room.
　　No one was home， but there was a letter on the table.
参考范文：
　　There was a box with her name on it in the living room.Thinking that it
might be her birthday present， she went up and opened the box with delight.In
the box lay a photo album filled with photos recording the important moments
together with her family and friends as she grew up.Lisa sank in the precious
memories： the first family who had made it！ At that time， Lisa came to
wonder where they were and began to search every room.
　　No one was home， but there was a letter on the table.Her heart beating
wildly， she reached out for that letter which was written by her family and
friends， saying how great a family member and a friend she was.With tears
welling up in her eyes， she found in surprise that she was already surrounded
by her loved ones.“Happy Birthday！” they said cheerfully and sent their
best wishes to Lisa.All of them had a wonderful evening together， adding
another chapter to Lisa’s album.
演示完毕 感谢观看 !题组训练（一）
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·沈阳质量监测）German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time， the personification of a genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian Revolution， two experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity — Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn — offer an original and penetrating （精辟的） analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
　　For the first time ever， by setting Einstein’s work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge， Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception about Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who created modern physics single-handedly and by pure thought alone.
　　As a large part of the book explains， Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution， not through revolutionary breaks with the past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch， but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries， as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
　　The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo， whose methods inspired Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders， he meant that， without their contributions， he would not have formulated （创立） the theory of relativity.
　　The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein， of all people， revolutionized physics in the way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail that， to understand his genius， one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy read， the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
1.What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on Einstein？（　　）
A.Opposing.　　　　　　B.Favorable. C.Ambiguous.　　　　　　D.Indifferent.
2.What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.From nothing. B.Up to a certain standard.
C.From others. D.With previous knowledge.
3.What does the author try to say by mentioning the famous physicists？（　　）
A.Their ideas were rejected by Einstein. B.Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C.Their research contributed to Einstein’s success. D.Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
4.Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　）
A.A guidebook to a course. B.An introduction to a book.
C.An essay on Albert Einstein. D.A review of physics development.
B
　　（2025·杭州模拟）Elon Musk’s controversial startup Neuralink has implanted a chip in a human brain for the first time， the billionaire said in a post on his X platform late Monday.The operation took place on Sunday and the patient was recovering well， he added.
　　Musk’s announcement could mark an important milestone for Neuralink’s efforts to lead potentially life-transforming technology out of the lab and into the real world.But he offered few details， and it’s unclear from Musk’s post how significant of a scientific advancement the implantation represents.
　　Neuralink’s first product would be called Telepathy， he said in another post， adding that its initial users will be people who have lost the use of their limbs （肢）.“Imagine if Stephen Hawking could communicate faster than a speed typist or auctioneer.That is the goal，” Musk wrote.
　　Neuralink has been working toward using implants to connect the human brain to a computer for half a decade.In May last year， Neuralink received FDA’s permission for human clinical trials.
　　Neuralink’s clinical trial is called PRIME， short for “Precise Robotically Implanted Brain-Computer Interface”， which aims to study the safety of its implant and surgical robot， and to test the functionality of its device， the company said in a September blog post about recruiting trial participants.
　　Trial patients will have a chip surgically placed in the part of the brain that controls the intention to move.The chip， installed by a robot， will then record and send brain signals to an app， with the initial goal being “to grant people the ability to control a computer cursor or keyboard using their thoughts alone”， the company wrote in September.
　　“The idea of brain-nervous system interfaces has great potential to help people with neurological disorders in the future，” Tara Spires-Jones， president of the British Neuroscience Association， told the UK-based Science Media Center Tuesday.“However， most of these interfaces are still in experimental stages， thus it will likely be many years before they are commonly available.”
5.What was Elon Musk’s announcement mainly about？（　　）
A.The trial of a new theory. B.The launch of a new product.
C.The progress of a new technology. D.The development of a new company.
6.What can we learn about Neuralink’s first product？（　　）
A.It will first be used on animals. B.It will come on the market soon.
C.It will be targeted on a special group of people. D.It will be aimed at curing some special diseases.
7.What’s the purpose of Neuralink’s PRIME？（　　）
A.To test its new technology. B.To predict the future trend.
C.To promote its new products. D.To analyze the market demand.
8.What was Tara Spires-Jones’s attitude towards Elon Musk’s idea？（　　）
A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic. C.Negative. D.Ambiguous.
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·吉林模拟）Norwood was at the wheel in Orlando，accompanied by her three closest friends.However，the laughter and chatter inside her car abruptly gave way to 　9　，as another vehicle 　10　 into theirs at a crossroads，sending their black car sailing into a nearby yard.
　　As smoke poured from her car，a bystander shouted，“It’s about to 　11　！Get out！” The impact had caved in （使塌陷） Norwood’s driver’s side door，　12　 it shut.　13　， but otherwise OK，she escaped through the window，along with two of her friends，who’d also managed to 　14　 themselves.
　　But halfway down the street，she 　15　 Simmons was missing.She hurried back and found Simmons 　16　 in the back seat.She 　17　 open the back door，dragged her friend out a few feet to safety，and laid her on the ground.However，Simmons showed no 　18　 of life！That was when Norwood started CPR.
　　She started pumping Simmons’s chest and 　19　 breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.No 　20　.And then，after the 30th compression （按压），Simmons began coughing.The CPR had 　21　！
　　Soon，the ambulance arrived and 　22　 Simmons to the hospital.When she heard how Norwood had saved her life，“I wasn’t 　23　，”Simmons said.“She will always help any way she can.”
9.（　）A.screams　　 　　　　　B.jokes　　 　　　　C.songs　　 　　　　D.regrets
10.（　）A.changed B.faded C.crashed D.dived
11.（　）A.break up B.pull up C.start up D.blow up
12.（　）A.jamming B.securing C.locking D.reaching
13.（　）A.Broken B.Shaken C.Frozen D.Beaten
14.（　）A.test B.free C.cure D.help
15.（　）A.understood B.mentioned C.realized D.assessed
16.（　）A.uncomfortable B.unsettled C.uncontrollable D.unconscious
17.（　）A.threw B.slid C.moved D.clicked
18.（　）A.mark B.proof C.sign D.scene
19.（　）A.gradually B.desperately C.approximately D.originally
20.（　）A.gratitude B.concern C.response D.equipment
21.（　）A.failed B.started C.returned D.worked
22.（　）A.guided B.rushed C.admitted D.led
23.（　）A.surprised B.relieved C.frustrated D.disappointed
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2024·西安模拟）Li Bai is widely regarded as one of the 24.　　　　　　 （great） romantic poets in the Tang Dynasty （618－907）， the golden age of Chinese poetry.He produced more than 1，000 poems during his lifetime and many 25.　　　　　　 （be） still widely enjoyed today.
　　Li was born in Central Asia to a Chinese family， who had moved there 26.　　　　　　 （escape） political turmoil（动乱）.When he was four years old， the family returned to Sichuan Province in southwest China.
　　When Li reached five， his father began to teach him reading and writing.When he 27.　　　　　　 （send） to a private school， he soon was head and shoulders 28.　　　　　　 his classmates.However， he was not hard-working and hated sitting in the classroom all the time.
　　Probably due to a link between his family and the political struggle during previous years， Li never sat for the imperial examination， 29.　　　　　　 was regarded then as the only way to pursue a career in the court.Instead， Li traveled a lot， befriended many well-known scholars and made a name for 30.　　　　　　 （he）.
　　Later， however， Li did serve in the imperial court for a brief period as 31.　　　　　　 minor official.But he didn’t enjoy it and he soon left and resumed his travels.
　　Many of Li’s poems involve the moon and wine， as he was known to be a big wine drinker.And， according to the legend， he 32.　　　　　　 （eventual） died because of the moon and wine.One of the most famous moon poems 33.　　　　　　 （write） by Li was “On a Quiet Night”.
Ⅳ.应用文写作
　　（2024·济南模拟）你校英文校报正在进行题为The Person I Admire Most的作文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
　　（1）简要介绍该人物；（2）你从他（她）身上学到什么。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式作答。
The Person I Admire Most
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
题组训练（一）
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本书，在书里面两位专家对爱因斯坦所取得的辉煌成就进行了另外一种诠释——爱因斯坦所取得的成就离不开先驱者们的研究成果。
1.A　观点态度题。根据第二段可知，这两个专家首次通过整理爱因斯坦的作品，发现对于爱因斯坦大家都有一个普遍的误解，大家都错误地以为爱因斯坦单独地、完全靠个人的想法创造了现代物理学。由此推知，这两个专家对关于爱因斯坦的流行观点持否定态度。
2.A　词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，这本书有很大一部分解释了爱因斯坦认为科学的进步是通过稳定的发展，而不是对过去革命性的决裂。他认为他的相对论不是横空出世，而是一批先驱者研发的经典物理学的自然延伸。
3.C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，爱因斯坦认为自己的相对论不是横空出世，而是十六世纪和十七世纪意大利天文学家伽利略和英国物理学家牛顿等先驱以及十九世纪物理学家发展起来的经典物理学的自然延伸。由此推断，作者提到这些著名的物理学家是为了说明爱因斯坦的成功受益于他们的研究成果。
4.B　文章出处题。根据全文尤其是第四段中的The authors highlight ...The book also includes和第五段最后一句可知，本文主要为读者介绍了The Einsteinian Revolution这本书，所以本文最有可能摘自图书导语。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Neuralink是一家由世界首富埃隆·马斯克创立的公司，2024年1月，该公司将脑机接口芯片首次植入了一名人类患者体内。
5.C　细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，埃隆·马斯克在他的社交媒体上宣布了Neuralink公司首次将脑机接口芯片植入了一名人类患者体内这一事件，这是该公司主导的脑机接口技术的一次重大进展和突破。
6.C　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Neuralink公司的第一款产品将被称为Telepathy （心灵感应），它的首批用户将是肢体残疾的人。
7.A　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Neuralink公司进行的临床试验被称为PRIME，其目的是研究其植入的芯片和手术机器人的安全性，并测试其设备的功能。由此可推知，PRIME的主要目的是检测新技术的安全性以及性能。
8.B　推理判断题。根据最后一段Tara Spires-Jones的讲话The idea of brain-nervous system interfaces has great potential to help people with neurological disorders in the future可知，他认为脑神经系统接口的想法在未来有很大的潜力来帮助患有神经系统疾病的人。由此可推知，他对埃隆·马斯克脑机接口的想法是支持、肯定且乐观的。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Norwood驾车外出时遭遇车祸。她通过窗户从车里逃了出来，但后来发现她的朋友Simmons在后座昏迷了。Norwood对Simmons进行了心肺复苏术，成功将其救醒。
9.A　根据下文可知，此处描述的是车祸发生时的情况，因为另一辆车在十字路口撞上了他们的车，所以车内的欢笑和谈话突然变成了尖叫。
10.C　根据下文中的sending their black car sailing into a nearby yard可知，另一辆车撞上了他们的车。
11.D　根据上文中的smoke poured from her car和空后的Get out可推测，旁观者喊的是车要爆炸了。
12.A　根据上文的The impact had caved in （使塌陷） Norwood’s driver’s side door可知，撞击力使驾驶员侧的车门凹陷了，导致车门卡住无法打开。此处jam是熟词生义的用法，表示“（使）卡住，（使）不能运转”。
13.B　根据下文可知，Norwood从窗户逃出去了，所以她应该只是受到了惊吓。
14.B　根据上文she escaped through the window，along with two of her friends可知，Norwood和她的两个朋友都逃了出去，所以她的两个朋友也成功解救了自己。free使摆脱；使解救。
15.C　根据上文she escaped through the window，along with two of her friends和下文Simmons was missing可推测，Norwood从车里逃出来之后，在街上走了一半意识到Simmons不见了。
16.D　下文提到Norwood对Simmons进行了心肺复苏，说明Simmons当时处于昏迷状态。
17.A　根据下文open the back door，dragged her friend out a few feet to safety可知，这里表示她猛地打开后门。
18.C　根据下文That was when Norwood started CPR.可知，Norwood对Simmons进行了心肺复苏，所以Simmons应该是没有生命迹象。
19.B　根据上下文可知，Norwood在对Simmons进行心肺复苏，所以这里表示她拼命地对着她朋友的嘴吹气。the kiss of life表示“人工呼吸”。
20.C　根据上下文可知，一开始Norwood进行心肺复苏后，Simmons没有反应，在第30次按压后，她开始咳嗽。
21.D　上文提到Simmons开始咳嗽，说明心肺复苏起作用了。
22.B　救护车到达后，应该是迅速将病人送往医院。rush表示“（尤指因意外事件而）急送（某人去某处）”。
23.A　根据下文中的She will always help any way she can.可知，Simmons对Norwood的救助并不惊讶，因为Norwood总是尽其所能地帮忙。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国唐朝的伟大诗人——“诗仙”李白。
24.greatest　根据本空前面的one of the可知，这里应用形容词的最高级。
25.are　本句主语many相当于many poems，描述现存的客观事实，故填are。
26.to escape　这里表示李白一家移居到中亚是为了躲避政治斗争，因此这里应用动词不定式作目的状语。
27.was sent　这里表示李白小时候被送到私塾学习，因此这里应用一般过去时的被动语态。
28.above　be/stand head and shoulders above sb/sth是固定短语，意为be very much better/cleverer than （others） 比（他人）好/聪明得多；鹤立鸡群。
29.which　本空前面的the imperial examination是先行词，这里应用关系代词which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
30.himself　make a name for oneself相当于make one’s name become well known 成名；出名。
31.a　本空后面的official是可数名词，这里表示李白当了一段时间的“小官”。
32.eventually　本空后面的died是动词，因此这里应用副词来修饰它。
33.written　前面的名词poems与后面的动词write是被动关系，因此这里应用过去分词written作后置定语。
Ⅳ.
The Person I Admire Most
　　There are numerous brilliant people throughout human history who have changed the world， but the one I admire most is Lu Xun.
　　As one of the greatest writers in China， Lu Xun gave up medical study and took up writing in his 20s.And he devoted all his life exposing social problems in China， using his pen as a weapon.Lu Xun wrote a great number of excellent works， some of which have been selected into Chinese textbooks.
　　Actually， I have learned a lot from Lu Xun.For one thing， he shows that literature can make a big difference to people’s souls and lives.For another， he encourages me to think critically， challenge traditional beliefs， and work towards social progress.
4 / 4(共35张PPT)
题组训练（一）
高中总复习·英语 (北师大版)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2025·沈阳质量监测）German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the
most famous scientists of all time， the personification of a genius and the
subject of a whole industry of scholarship.In The Einsteinian Revolution， two
experts on Einstein’s life and his theory of relativity — Israeli physicist
Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn — offer an
original and penetrating （精辟的） analysis of Einstein’s revolutionary
contributions to physics and our view of the physical world.
　　For the first time ever， by setting Einstein’s work in the long course of
the evolution of scientific knowledge， Gutfreund and Renn discover the
popular misconception about Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius
who created modern physics single-handedly and by pure thought alone.
　　As a large part of the book explains， Einstein typically argued that science
progresses through steady evolution， not through revolutionary breaks with the
past.He saw his theory of relativity not as something from scratch， but a
natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian
astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries， as well as nineteenth-century physicists.
　　The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly
from modern Einsteinian physics.The book also includes substantial sections on
Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo， whose methods inspired
Einstein.When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders， he
meant that， without their contributions， he would not have formulated （创
立） the theory of relativity.
　　The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought-provoking
contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific
creativity between 1905 and 1925.Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the
final answer as to why Einstein， of all people， revolutionized physics in the
way that he did.But they argue in fascinating detail that， to understand his
genius， one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but
also the history of knowledge more broadly.Although not always an easy read，
the book will interest physicists and historians alike.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本书，在书里面两位
专家对爱因斯坦所取得的辉煌成就进行了另外一种诠释——爱因斯坦所
取得的成就离不开先驱者们的研究成果。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一本书，在书里面两位
专家对爱因斯坦所取得的辉煌成就进行了另外一种诠释——爱因斯坦所
取得的成就离不开先驱者们的研究成果。
1. What’s the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint on
Einstein？（　　）
A. Opposing. B. Favorable.
C. Ambiguous. D. Indifferent.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第二段可知，这两个专家首次通过整理爱因
斯坦的作品，发现对于爱因斯坦大家都有一个普遍的误解，大家都错误地
以为爱因斯坦单独地、完全靠个人的想法创造了现代物理学。由此推知，
这两个专家对关于爱因斯坦的流行观点持否定态度。
√
2. What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in Paragraph 3 probably
mean？（　　）
A. From nothing.
B. Up to a certain standard.
C. From others.
D. With previous knowledge.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第三段可知，这本书有很大一部分解释了爱
因斯坦认为科学的进步是通过稳定的发展，而不是对过去革命性的决裂。
他认为他的相对论不是横空出世，而是一批先驱者研发的经典物理学的自
然延伸。
√
3. What does the author try to say by mentioning the famous physicists？（　）
A. Their ideas were rejected by Einstein.
B. Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein.
C. Their research contributed to Einstein’s success.
D. Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect.
√
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，爱因斯坦认为自己的相对论不是横空出世，而是十六世纪和十七世纪意大利天文学家伽利略和英国物理学家牛顿等先驱以及十九世纪物理学家发展起来的经典物理学的自然延伸。由此推断，作者提到这些著名的物理学家是为了说明爱因斯坦的成功受益于他们的研究成果。
4. Where is the text most probably taken from？（　　）
A. A guidebook to a course.
B. An introduction to a book.
C. An essay on Albert Einstein.
D. A review of physics development.
解析：　文章出处题。根据全文尤其是第四段中的The authors
highlight ...The book also includes和第五段最后一句可知，本文主要
为读者介绍了The Einsteinian Revolution这本书，所以本文最有可能摘
自图书导语。
√
B
　　（2025·杭州模拟）Elon Musk’s controversial startup Neuralink has
implanted a chip in a human brain for the first time， the billionaire said in a
post on his X platform late Monday.The operation took place on Sunday and the
patient was recovering well， he added.
　　Musk’s announcement could mark an important milestone for
Neuralink’s efforts to lead potentially life-transforming technology out of the
lab and into the real world.But he offered few details， and it’s unclear from
Musk’s post how significant of a scientific advancement the implantation
represents.
　　Neuralink’s first product would be called Telepathy， he said in another
post， adding that its initial users will be people who have lost the use of their
limbs （肢）.“Imagine if Stephen Hawking could communicate faster than a
speed typist or auctioneer.That is the goal，” Musk wrote.
　　Neuralink has been working toward using implants to connect the human
brain to a computer for half a decade.In May last year， Neuralink received
FDA’s permission for human clinical trials.
　　Neuralink’s clinical trial is called PRIME， short for “Precise
Robotically Implanted Brain-Computer Interface”， which aims to study the
safety of its implant and surgical robot， and to test the functionality of its
device， the company said in a September blog post about recruiting trial
participants.
　　Trial patients will have a chip surgically placed in the part of the brain that
controls the intention to move.The chip， installed by a robot， will then
record and send brain signals to an app， with the initial goal being “to grant
people the ability to control a computer cursor or keyboard using their thoughts
alone”， the company wrote in September.
　　“The idea of brain-nervous system interfaces has great potential to help
people with neurological disorders in the future，” Tara Spires-Jones，
president of the British Neuroscience Association， told the UK-based Science
Media Center Tuesday.“However， most of these interfaces are still in
experimental stages， thus it will likely be many years before they are
commonly available.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Neuralink是一家由世界首富埃隆·马斯
克创立的公司，2024年1月，该公司将脑机接口芯片首次植入了一名人类
患者体内。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。Neuralink是一家由世界首富埃隆·马斯
克创立的公司，2024年1月，该公司将脑机接口芯片首次植入了一名人类
患者体内。
5. What was Elon Musk’s announcement mainly about？（　　）
A. The trial of a new theory.
B. The launch of a new product.
C. The progress of a new technology.
D. The development of a new company.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一、二段可知，埃隆·马斯克在他的社交媒体上宣布了Neuralink公司首次将脑机接口芯片植入了一名人类患者体内这一事件，这是该公司主导的脑机接口技术的一次重大进展和突破。
√
6. What can we learn about Neuralink’s first product？（　　）
A. It will first be used on animals.
B. It will come on the market soon.
C. It will be targeted on a special group of people.
D. It will be aimed at curing some special diseases.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Neuralink公司的第一款产品将
被称为Telepathy （心灵感应），它的首批用户将是肢体残疾的人。
√
7. What’s the purpose of Neuralink’s PRIME？（　　）
A. To test its new technology.
B. To predict the future trend.
C. To promote its new products.
D. To analyze the market demand.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Neuralink公司进行的临床试验被称为PRIME，其目的是研究其植入的芯片和手术机器人的安全性，并测试其设备的功能。由此可推知，PRIME的主要目的是检测新技术的安全性以及性能。
√
8. What was Tara Spires-Jones’s attitude towards Elon Musk’s idea？
（　　）
A. Doubtful. B. Optimistic.
C. Negative. D. Ambiguous.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段Tara Spires-Jones的讲话The idea of
brain-nervous system interfaces has great potential to help people with
neurological disorders in the future可知，他认为脑神经系统接口的想法在未
来有很大的潜力来帮助患有神经系统疾病的人。由此可推知，他对埃
隆·马斯克脑机接口的想法是支持、肯定且乐观的。
√
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2025·吉林模拟）Norwood was at the wheel in Orlando，
accompanied by her three closest friends.However，the laughter and chatter
inside her car abruptly gave way to 　9　，as another vehicle 　10　 into
theirs at a crossroads，sending their black car sailing into a nearby yard.
　　As smoke poured from her car，a bystander shouted，“It’s about
to 　11　！Get out！” The impact had caved in （使塌陷） Norwood’s
driver’s side door， 　12　 it shut. 　13　， but otherwise OK，she escaped
through the window，along with two of her friends，who’d also managed
to 　14　 themselves.
　　But halfway down the street，she 　15　 Simmons was missing.She
hurried back and found Simmons 　16　 in the back seat.She 　17　 open the
back door，dragged her friend out a few feet to safety，and laid her on the
ground.However，Simmons showed no 　18　 of life！That was when
Norwood started CPR.
　　She started pumping Simmons’s chest and 　19　 breathing into her
friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of
life.No 　20　.And then，after the 30th compression （按压），Simmons
began coughing.The CPR had 　21　！
　　Soon，the ambulance arrived and 　22　 Simmons to the hospital.When
she heard how Norwood had saved her life，“I wasn’t 　23　，”Simmons
said.“She will always help any way she can.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Norwood驾车外出时遭遇车祸。她通过窗
户从车里逃了出来，但后来发现她的朋友Simmons在后座昏迷了。
Norwood对Simmons进行了心肺复苏术，成功将其救醒。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Norwood驾车外出时遭遇车祸。她通过窗
户从车里逃了出来，但后来发现她的朋友Simmons在后座昏迷了。
Norwood对Simmons进行了心肺复苏术，成功将其救醒。
9. A. screams B. jokes C. songs D. regrets
√
10. A. changed B. faded C. crashed D. dived
解析：　根据下文可知，此处描述的是车祸发生时的情况，因为另一辆
车在十字路口撞上了他们的车，所以车内的欢笑和谈话突然变成了尖叫。
√
解析：　根据下文中的sending their black car sailing into a nearby yard可
知，另一辆车撞上了他们的车。
11. A. break up B. pull up
C. start up D. blow up
解析：　根据上文中的smoke poured from her car和空后的Get out可推
测，旁观者喊的是车要爆炸了。
√
12. A. jamming B. securing
C. locking D. reaching
√
解析：　根据上文的The impact had caved in （使塌陷） Norwood’s
driver’s side door可知，撞击力使驾驶员侧的车门凹陷了，导致车门卡住
无法打开。此处jam是熟词生义的用法，表示“（使）卡住，（使）不能
运转”。
13. A. Broken B. Shaken
C. Frozen D. Beaten
解析：　根据下文可知，Norwood从窗户逃出去了，所以她应该只是受到
了惊吓。
√
14. A. test B. free C. cure D. help
√
解析：　根据上文she escaped through the window，along with two of her
friends可知，Norwood和她的两个朋友都逃了出去，所以她的两个朋友也
成功解救了自己。free使摆脱；使解救。
15. A. understood D. Mentioned C. realized　　D. assessed
解析：　根据上文she escaped through the window，along with two of her
friends和下文Simmons was missing可推测，Norwood从车里逃出来之后，
在街上走了一半意识到Simmons不见了。
√
16. A. uncomfortable B. unsettled
C. uncontrollable D. unconscious
√
解析：　下文提到Norwood对Simmons进行了心肺复苏，说明Simmons当
时处于昏迷状态。
17. A. threw B. slid C. moved D. clicked
解析：　根据下文open the back door，dragged her friend out a few feet to
safety可知，这里表示她猛地打开后门。
√
18. A. mark B. proof C. sign D. scene
解析：　根据下文That was when Norwood started CPR. 可知，Norwood对
Simmons进行了心肺复苏，所以Simmons应该是没有生命迹象。
√
19. A. gradually B. desperately
C. approximately D. originally
√
解析：　根据上下文可知，Norwood在对Simmons进行心肺复苏，所以这
里表示她拼命地对着她朋友的嘴吹气。the kiss of life表示“人工呼吸”。
20. A. gratitude B. concern
C. response D. equipment
解析：　根据上下文可知，一开始Norwood进行心肺复苏后，Simmons没
有反应，在第30次按压后，她开始咳嗽。
√
21. A. failed B. started
C. returned D. worked
√
解析：　上文提到Simmons开始咳嗽，说明心肺复苏起作用了。
22. A. guided B. rushed C. admitted D. led
√
解析：　救护车到达后，应该是迅速将病人送往医院。rush表示“（尤指
因意外事件而）急送（某人去某处）”。
23. A. surprised B. relieved
C. frustrated D. disappointed
解析：　根据下文中的She will always help any way she can.可知，
Simmons对Norwood的救助并不惊讶，因为Norwood总是尽其所能地帮忙。
√
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　（2024·西安模拟）Li Bai is widely regarded as one of the
24. 　　　　　　 （great） romantic poets in the Tang Dynasty （618－
907）， the golden age of Chinese poetry.He produced more than 1，000
poems during his lifetime and many 25. 　　　　　　 （be） still widely
enjoyed today.
　　Li was born in Central Asia to a Chinese family， who had moved there
26. 　　　　　　 （escape） political turmoil（动乱）.When he was four
years old， the family returned to Sichuan Province in southwest China.
　　When Li reached five， his father began to teach him reading and
writing.When he 27. 　　　　　　 （send） to a private school， he soon
was head and shoulders 28. 　　　　　　 his classmates.However， he was
not hard-working and hated sitting in the classroom all the time.
　　Probably due to a link between his family and the political struggle during
previous years， Li never sat for the imperial examination， 29. 　　　　　　
was regarded then as the only way to pursue a career in the court.Instead， Li
traveled a lot， befriended many well-known scholars and made a name for
30. 　　　　　　 （he）.
　　Later， however， Li did serve in the imperial court for a brief period as
31. 　　　　　　 minor official.But he didn’t enjoy it and he soon left and
resumed his travels.
　　Many of Li’s poems involve the moon and wine， as he was known to be
a big wine drinker.And， according to the legend， he 32. 　　　　　　
（eventual） died because of the moon and wine.One of the most famous moon
poems 33. 　　　　　　 （write） by Li was “On a Quiet Night”.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国唐朝的伟大诗人—
—“诗仙”李白。
24. greatest　根据本空前面的one of the可知，这里应用形容词的最高级。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了我国唐朝的伟大诗人—
—“诗仙”李白。
25. are　本句主语many相当于many poems，描述现存的客观事实，故填
are。
26. to escape　这里表示李白一家移居到中亚是为了躲避政治斗争，因此这
里应用动词不定式作目的状语。
27. was sent　这里表示李白小时候被送到私塾学习，因此这里应用一般过
去时的被动语态。
28. above　be/stand head and shoulders above sb/sth是固定短语，意
为be very much better/cleverer than （others） 比（他人）好/聪明得
多；鹤立鸡群。
29. which　本空前面的the imperial examination是先行词，这里应用关系代
词which引导一个非限制性定语从句。
30. himself　make a name for oneself相当于make one’s name become well
known 成名；出名。
31. a　本空后面的official是可数名词，这里表示李白当了一段时间的“小
官”。
32. eventually　本空后面的died是动词，因此这里应用副词来修饰它。
33. written　前面的名词poems与后面的动词write是被动关系，因此这里应
用过去分词written作后置定语。
Ⅳ.应用文写作
　　（2024·济南模拟）你校英文校报正在进行题为The Person I Admire
Most的作文比赛，请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
　　（1）简要介绍该人物；
　　（2）你从他（她）身上学到什么。
注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式作答。
The Person I Admire Most
参考范文：
The Person I Admire Most
　　There are numerous brilliant people throughout human history who have
changed the world， but the one I admire most is Lu Xun.
　　As one of the greatest writers in China， Lu Xun gave up medical study
and took up writing in his 20s.And he devoted all his life exposing social
problems in China， using his pen as a weapon.Lu Xun wrote a great number
of excellent works， some of which have been selected into Chinese textbooks.
　　Actually， I have learned a lot from Lu Xun.For one thing， he shows that
literature can make a big difference to people’s souls and lives.For another，
he encourages me to think critically， challenge traditional beliefs， and work
towards social progress.
演示完毕 感谢观看 !

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