资源简介

|背|单|词|
一、阅读单词(明其义)
1．fiction n．　　　　　 小说；虚构的事
2．bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利
3．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
4．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好
5．dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严
6．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的
7．nail n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子
vt. (用钉子)钉牢；固定
8．saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员
9．ladder n. 梯子；阶梯
10．rumour n. 谣言；传闻
11．presume vt.& vi. 假设；假定
12．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长
13．gramme n. 克(重量单位)
14．flour n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
15．venue n. 活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
16．salesman n. 售货员；推销员
17．alien n. 外星人(生物)；外国人
adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的
18．blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的
19．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施
20．leather n. 皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
21．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆
22．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
23．inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
24．grip vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧
25．hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
26．niece n. 侄女；外甥女
27．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾
28．puff n. (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
29．maximum adj. 最大极限的
n. 最大量；最大限度
30．jolt n. 震动；摇晃；颠簸
vt.& vi. (使)震动；摇晃
31．flip vt.& vi. (使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
32．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷
33．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张
二、核心单词(书写准)
1．salary n. 薪水；薪金
2．whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管
3．fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价
4．weekly adj. 每周的
n. 周刊
5．labour n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动
vi. 奋斗；努力工作
6．backwards adv. 向后；倒着；往回
7．fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来
8．lamp n. 灯；台灯
9．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏
vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏
三、变形单词(晓其变)
1．appoint 　　v．　　 任命；委任；安排
appointment n. 预约；约会；委任
appointed adj. 指定的；约定的
2．guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；犯罪
guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
3．suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
suspension n. 悬浮；暂停；停职
4．dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；免职
dismissal n. 解雇；免职
5．declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布
declaration n. 申报(单)；宣布；公告；声明
6．calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测
calculation n. 计算
calculator n. 计算器
7．superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；更高的
superiority n. 优越感；优势；优越(性)
8．divide v. 分开；使意见不一
division n. 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
9．urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐
urgency n. 紧急；紧急的事
urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地
10．random adj. 随机的；不可思议的
randomly adv. 随机；随意；未加计划地
11．explode vi.& vt. 爆炸；爆破
explosion n. 爆炸；突然爆发；激增
12．mud n. 泥；泥浆
muddy adj. 多泥的；泥泞的
四、同“族”词汇(巧积累)
1．以ly结尾的形容词荟萃
①weekly　　每周的　　 ②monthly　　每月的
③yearly 每年的 ④friendly 友好的
⑤lovely 可爱的 ⑥lively 活泼的
⑦lonely 孤独的 ⑧deadly 致命的
2．名词加y变形容词集锦
①guilt内疚→guilty内疚的
②wind风→windy有风的
③storm暴风雨→stormy有暴风雨的
④mud泥→muddy泥泞的
⑤fog雾→foggy有雾的
⑥luck幸运→lucky幸运的
⑦health健康→healthy健康的
|背|短|语|
1．test out　 　　 　　 检验；测试
2．more like 更像是；更接近
3．on a ... basis 根据；以……的方式(基准)
4．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹
6．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
8．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产
9．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
10．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
11．experiment with 以……做试验
12．after all 毕竟；终究
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，学高级句式
1．He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.[suggest that ...(should＋) do sth.]
他还建议在他离开，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。
2．It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future.(find＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式)如果我们发现将来很难区分现实和科幻小说，那也就不足为奇了。
二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达
单元主题：未来生活
1．Scientists claim that this technical innovation will save us much time and labor, which is a breakthrough.科学家声称，这项技术创新将为我们节省大量的时间和劳动力，这是一个突破。
2．With science becoming more advanced, transportation is more convenient, people live much longer and the level of their living conditions is higher.随着科学的进步，交通更加便利，人们的寿命更长，生活水平也更高。
3．In conclusion, I believe the development of science and technology will have significant impacts on our life.总之，我相信科技的发展会给我们的生活带来重大的影响。
|背|语|段|
以读促写：场景渲染之“对话”场景
His head hung spiritlessly and he seemed to be crying.“You know the team needs you, don't you, David？” My words broke the silence.“I don't want to let them down, sir. I couldn't live with myself，” he whispered, still hanging his head in frustration.“You know that by not running you will disappoint them all.Don't you want to run？” I asked.“More than anything but the conditions are so difficult and the forest so dense that I'm afraid I won't make it，” he answered. “You'll never know unless you try！” Thinking for a while, David stood up，thanked me and walked away, a determined look on his face.
他无精打采地低着头，好像要哭的样子。“你知道这支队需要你，是吗，大卫？”我的话打破了沉默。“老师，我不想让他们失望，我对自己都过意不去。”他小声说着，仍神情沮丧地低着头。“你知道，不跑你会让他们都失望的。你不想跑吗？”
我问道。“别的不说，条件太艰难，树林又稠密，我担心我不行。”他回答。“你不尝试，永远不知道你能行！”大卫想了一会，站起来，感谢了我就走开了，脸上显出刚毅的表情。
高分悟道 本段中使用了多处人物对话，其中表示“说”的引述词有“My words, whispered, asked, answered”等，丰富了语言表达。
高分有招 表示“说”的高分词块有： words knotting in his throat 他嗓子哽咽着 express one's appreciation incoherently语无伦次地表达感激之情 scream with excitement 兴奋地喊叫 yell at 对……大嚷大叫 mutter a few words of apology低声嘀咕了几句道歉的话 murmur sth. to sb. 小声对某人说某事 adding that ... 补充说……
本部分内容见《课前默写本》P656
一、变形词汇——练清易错微点
1．Cathy did a rough 　　　　　 (calculate) that they made a profit of ￡20,000 last year.
2．Then there was an 　　　　　 (explode) of applause from the audience at the end of the excellent performance.
3．The 　　　　　 (divide) of Europe into countries is the result of its complicated history.
4．Johnson suffered from depression after his 　　　　　 (dismiss) from the company.
5．Feeling extremely 　　　　　 (guilt), I'm writing to convey my sincere apology to you.
6．Art experts have appealed for the 　　　　　 (suspend) of plans to restore one of Leonardo da Vinci's most celebrated paintings.
7．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)As far as I'm concerned, it's not a good idea to 　　　　　 (random) pair up students for the spoken English training after class.
8．The reason why I can't keep my 　　　　　 (appoint) is that I have signed up for a volunteer activity themed “Trash Sorting, All Involved” .
易错微点
1．calculate的常用句型为It is calculated that ... “据估算……(其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语)”。
2．以de结尾的动词变名词时，常去掉 de加 sion。如第2题的explode和第3题的divide。
3．guilty的常用搭配为be/feel guilty for/at/about ...“为/对……感到内疚”。
二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳
1．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
①He declared 　　　　　 the plan because it wasn't practical.
②They will ask you to sign a 　　　　　 (declare) allowing your doctor to disclose your medical details.
③(场景描写)The instant the match 　　　　　　　， all the students in our school burst into cheers.
比赛一宣布开始，我校全体学生就突然欢呼起来。
(1)declare sb./sth.to be 宣布某人或某事是……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war (on/against) 　　 (向……)宣战
declare that ... 　 　 宣布……
(2)declaration n． 申报；宣布；公告；声明
2．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
①Environmental protection has become an 　　　　　 (urge) issue for human beings.
②The shortage of water has become a global problem that needs to be solved 　　　　　 (urgent)．
③(倡议书)It 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 to keep fit and energetic.
坚决要求我们学生应该经常锻炼以保持健康和精力充沛。
④(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。(一句多译)
→To protect oceans better, we 　　　　　 their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge sb. to do sth.)
→To protect oceans better, we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge that ...)
(1)have/feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urge sb.to do/into doing sth. 强烈要求某人做某事
urge that sb.(should) do sth. 极力主张某人做某事
It is urged that ...(should) do sth. 坚决要求……做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
in urgent need (of) 急需
(4)urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地
三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏
1．take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
　(用适当的介、副词填空)
①I took 　　　　　 everything he mentioned and poured more efforts into the project.
②I'd appreciate it if you could take 　　　 the driving for a while.
③With the development of science and technology, our country has taken 　　　　　 a new look.
④Even though my studies take 　　　　　 most of my day, I always help my mother with the housework.
⑤The more fat you take 　　　　　 before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
take away　 拿走；夺走
take down 写下；记下；拆卸
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on 接纳；雇用；呈现；承担
take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
2.turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产；制造
　(用turn的相关短语填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考写作)It 　　　　 that even without a clear sense of direction, there's always a way to find one's way.
②He realized he was in the wrong and promised to 　 　　 　　 a new leaf.
③It suddenly occurred to me that I could 　　　　　　　 my father for help.
④I'm writing to sincerely apologize to you for my failing to 　　　　　　　　 my essay on schedule.
turn against 　 反对；背叛
turn up 出现；找出；调高
turn down 调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn to 向……求助；转向
turn over 翻转；反复考虑；移交
turn in 上交；提交
四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)
①The manager dismissed my idea without even listening to it.______ ②I hurried to the school only to find the teacher had dismissed the class earlier.______ ③Dismissing her fears, she gathered her courage and climbed higher.______ ④The parents felt sorry when their son was dismissed by the boss.______ dismiss A．vt.让(某人)离开；解散 B．vt.不予考虑；摒弃 C．vt.解雇；免职；开除 D．vt.消除；摒除(思想、感情等)
数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段
(2022·浙江高考·阅读理解B篇)The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity. By providing long distance communication and energy, electricity created the modern world. Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
“It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions，” writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers: Steam, Electricity, and the Men Who Invented Modern America. Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative (叙述) so lively that at times it reads like a novel.
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”. Klein writes, “America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its possibilities they put it to more uses than anyone else.”
Meanwhile, over the course of the 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity. Morse invented a code for sending messages over an electromagnetic circuit. Bell then gave the telegraph a voice. Edison perfected an incandescent bulb (白炽灯泡) that brought electric light into the American home.
Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification, which he showed in New York City. With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current (交流电), which soon became the major form of power delivery.
To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.,
[真题评价]
1．What is Klein's understanding of the age of electricity？(　　)
A．It is closely linked to the steam age.
B．It began earlier than people thought.
C．It is a little studied period of history.
D．It will come to an end sooner or later.
2．What can be inferred about Ned？(　　)
A．He was born in New York City.
B．He wrote many interesting stories.
C．He created an electricity company.
D．He lived mainly in the 19th century.
3．What is the text？(　　)
A．A biography.　　　　 B．A book review.
C．A short story. D．A science report.
[语篇精读]
一、理文脉，把握文章大意
本文是一篇书评，采用了“问题—解决”型的语篇模式。
二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料
1．因境辨义(写出下列黑体词在文中的词性及含义)
①(合成词)The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity.　　　　　
②(熟词生义)Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative so lively that at times it reads like a novel.　　　　　
③(一词多义)The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”．　　　　　
2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思)
①put together　　　　________________
②put ... to use ________________
③depend on ________________
④with help from ________________
⑤a witness to ________________
⑥bring about ________________
三、析难句，破解阅读障碍
1．The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”．
抓标志：关系副词________；关系代词________
判类型：主句＋定语从句(又含一个定语从句)
试翻译：故事开始于18世纪的最后几年，在苏格兰，瓦特完善了“改变世界的机器”。
2．America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its possibilities they put it to more uses than anyone else.
抓标志：并列连词________；从属连词________
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含一个条件状语从句)
试翻译：蒸汽机并不是美国人发明的，但是一旦他们掌握了蒸汽机的可能性，他们就把它用在了比任何人都多的地方。
3．With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major form of power delivery.
抓标志：关系代词__________
判类型：主句＋定语从句
试翻译：在特斯拉的帮助下，威斯汀豪斯的公司开发了一种使用交流电的系统，交流电很快成为电力输送的主要形式。
由教材典句，学高级表达
句式1　suggest that ...(should＋) do sth.
|解|读|规|则|
(1)suggest表示“建议”时，多用于suggest＋doing/that从句或It is suggested that从句，从句使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
(2)suggest表示“暗示；表明”时，其后的宾语从句使用陈述语气。
(3)名词suggestion后接同位语从句时，要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
|习|练|规|则|　(变换句式)
①Mary said, “Let's go to the art exhibition this afternoon.”
→Mary 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the art exhibition that afternoon.(简单句)
→Mary 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 the art exhibition that afternoon.(复合句)
②The local people suggest that the government appeal to the citizens to save water.
→　　　　　　　　　 the government appeal to the citizens to save water.(it作形式主语)
|应|用|写|美|
③(建议信)我强烈建议你每天抽出一个小时的时间读英语，这将逐渐提高你的英语口语。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 one hour to read English every day, which will gradually improve your spoken English.
④(情节描写)然后，她建议我和我的妈妈谈谈，并耐心地帮助我整理我的思绪。
Then she 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， helping me patiently organize my thoughts.
句式2　find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.
|解|读|规|则|
(1)此结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语。
(2)it作形式宾语，用于“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”即“6123”，此结构中：“6”指常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；“1”指形式宾语it；“2”指宾语补足语的两种形式：形容词和名词；“3”指真正的宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。
|习|练|规|则|　(变换句式)
①I thought there was no use feeling frightened and that finding my way out of the forest was what I must do at the moment.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 and finding my way out of the forest was what I must do at the moment.
②I find that improving my oral English is difficult, so I'm writing to sincerely ask for your proposals.
→I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， so I'm writing to sincerely ask for your proposals.
|应|用|写|美|
③(建议信)我认为你有必要在交作业之前先检查一遍。
I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 before you hand it in.
④(主旨升华句)直到那时，我才发现抱怨是没有用的，相反，我应该积极地处理问题。
Only then 　　　　　　　　　　　　　； instead, I should handle the trouble actively.
建构语义场，丰富语料库
子语境(一)　未来的家庭
1．come true　　　　　 　　 实现
2．benefit from 从……获益
3．scientific breakthrough 科学突破
4．promote the quality of people's life 提高人们的生活质量
5．The chances are that nursing robots will come into every family.
护理机器人很可能会走进各家各户。
6．With the development of science and technology，our life will be surely more convenient and comfortable. 随着科学技术的发展，我们的生活一定会更加方便和舒适。
子语境(二)　未来的工作
1．have more flexible work schedules
有更灵活的工作时间安排
2．achieve a better work life balance
在工作和生活之间获得更好的平衡
3．save money on transport costs节省交通方面的开支
4．We can imagine a future in which robots will do a variety of jobs.我们可以想象一下，未来机器人将能从事各种各样的工作。
子语境(三)　未来的教育
1．on a scientific basis　　　　 在科学的基础上
2．distance learning courses 远程教育课程
3．improve learning efficiency 提高学习效率
4．interact with virtual teachers and classmates
与虚拟老师和同学互动
5．In the future, people will lay more emphasis on health education.
在未来，人们将更加重视健康教育。
6．Students will be able to choose subjects offered by some educational institutions on the Internet according to their levels, interests and needs.
学生可以根据自己的水平、兴趣和需求在互联网上选择一些教育机构提供的课程。
主题微写作，勤练笔不辍
(一)应用单元所学补全语段(黑体字为单元词汇的复现)
Life in the future
It would not be surprising if we ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (发现生活更加舒适和便捷；find＋宾语＋宾语补足语) in the future. We'll benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in a variety of aspects.
In our daily life, our house ②　　　　　　(将被接管) by AI, and at the same time, we will be looked after by robots, which are ③　　　　　　　　　 (更像人而不是机器).
④　　　　　　 (结果是) that the devices in the smart houses are so superior that they will give us warnings about the potential dangers. In addition, it is suggested that ⑤　　　　　　　　(学生们待在家里)and study in a virtual reality school in the future.
All in all, ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我强烈渴望能花更多的时间来创作), thinking and “being human” in the future.
(二)对标单元主题创写语段
2045年，作者参加了一次学校组织的月球探险活动，希望能在月球上发现外星人的踪迹。请你根据所给首句提示，写一个片段，描写作者在月球上经历的奇妙的一夜。注意要有场景、动作及心理描写。
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down.　
　
　
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
[课堂学案·过词汇关]
一、变形词汇
1.calculation　2.explosion　3.division　4.dismissal　5.guilty
6.suspension　7.randomly　8.appointment
二、重点词汇
1.①against　②declaration　③was declared to be open
2.①urgent　②urgently　③is urged that we students (should) take regular exercise　④must urge more people to reflect on; must urge that more people (should) reflect on
三、重点短语
1.①down　②over　③on　④up　⑤in
2.①turns out　②turn over　③turn to　④turn in
四、一词多义
①B　②A　③D　④C
[迁移应用·过阅读关]
[真题评价]
[价值导向]　本文是一篇书评。文章按照时间顺序讲述了蒸汽时代和电力时代的联系。文章旨在引导学生欣赏科技相关的文学作品,辩证思考人类发展与科技之间的关系,启发学生从多维角度深入思考人类社会的发展。
1.A　2.D　3.B
[语篇精读]
二、1.①n.命脉;命根子　②adj.著名的,有名的　
③v.完善,使完美
2.①合并;归依;归到一处　
②使用;利用;应用　③依赖于;取决于;依靠　
④在……的帮助下　⑤……的一个证人　⑥引起;导致
三、1.where　that　2.but　once　3.which
[发展提升·过表达关]
由教材典句,学高级表达
[句式1]　①suggested our going to; suggested that we (should) go to　②It’s suggested that　③strongly suggest that you (should) set aside　④suggested that I (should) talk to my mom
[句式2]　①I thought it no use feeling frightened　②find it difficult to improve my oral English　③think it necessary that you (should ) go over your homework　④did I find it useless to complain
主题微写作,勤练笔不辍
(一)①find life more comfortable and more convenient
②will be taken over　③more like humans than machines
④It turns out　⑤students should stay at home
⑥I have a strong urge to spend more time on creating
(二)参考范文:
　　It was hot at night and I couldn’t fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down. The sky was clear and stars were shining. Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day.I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door.He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand.The saucer then flew away.I immediately ran into my tent and found that my telephone was gone. I was so puzzled that I couldn’t believe what I had seen. But I decided that the next time the alien came, I would talk to him.
16 / 16(共141张PPT)
UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION
选择性必修4
目录
CONTENTS
迁移应用—过阅读关
03.
发展提升—过表达关
04.
自主学习—过识记关
01.
课堂学案—过词汇关
02.
课下双测—过高考关
05.
1
自主学习—过识记关
|背|单|词|
一、阅读单词(明其义)
1．fiction n．　　　　　 小说；虚构的事
2．bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利
3．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
4．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好
5．dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严
6．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的
7．nail n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子
vt. (用钉子)钉牢；固定
8．saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员
9．ladder n. 梯子；阶梯
10．rumour n. 谣言；传闻
11．presume vt.& vi. 假设；假定
12．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长
13．gramme n. 克(重量单位)
14．flour n. 面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉
15．venue n. 活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等)
16．salesman n. 售货员；推销员
17．alien n. 外星人(生物)；外国人
adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的
18．blurred adj. 模糊不清的；难以区分的
19．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施
20．leather n. 皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套
21．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆
22．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组
23．inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
24．grip vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧
25．hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
26．niece n. 侄女；外甥女
27．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾
28．puff n. (烟、气等的)一缕；少量；喘息
29．maximum adj. 最大极限的
n. 最大量；最大限度
30．jolt n. 震动；摇晃；颠簸
vt.& vi. (使)震动；摇晃
31．flip vt.& vi. (使)快速翻转；(用手指)轻抛
32．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷
33．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张
二、核心单词(书写准)
1．salary n. 薪水；薪金
2．whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管
3．fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价
4．weekly adj. 每周的
n. 周刊
5．labour n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动
vi. 奋斗；努力工作
6．backwards adv. 向后；倒着；往回
7．fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来
8．lamp n. 灯；台灯
9．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏
vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏
三、变形单词(晓其变)
1．appoint v．　　 任命；委任；安排
appointment n. 预约；约会；委任
appointed adj. 指定的；约定的
2．guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；犯罪
guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
3．suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
suspension n. 悬浮；暂停；停职
4．dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除；免职
dismissal n. 解雇；免职
5．declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布
declaration n. 申报(单)；宣布；公告；声明
6．calculate vt. 计算；核算；预测
calculation n. 计算
calculator n. 计算器
7．superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；更高的
superiority n. 优越感；优势；优越(性)
8．divide v. 分开；使意见不一
division n. 分开；分隔；差异；除(法)
9．urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动
vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐
urgency n. 紧急；紧急的事
urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地
10．random adj. 随机的；不可思议的
randomly adv. 随机；随意；未加计划地
11．explode vi.& vt. 爆炸；爆破
explosion n. 爆炸；突然爆发；激增
12．mud n. 泥；泥浆
muddy adj. 多泥的；泥泞的
四、同“族”词汇(巧积累)
1．以ly结尾的形容词荟萃
①weekly 每周的　　 ②monthly　　每月的
③yearly 每年的 ④friendly 友好的
⑤lovely 可爱的 ⑥lively 活泼的
⑦lonely 孤独的 ⑧deadly 致命的
2．名词加y变形容词集锦
①guilt内疚→guilty内疚的
②wind风→windy有风的
③storm暴风雨→stormy有暴风雨的
④mud泥→muddy泥泞的
⑤fog雾→foggy有雾的
⑥luck幸运→lucky幸运的
⑦health健康→healthy健康的
|背|短|语|
1．test out　　　 　 检验；测试
2．more like 更像是；更接近
3．on a ... basis 根据；以……的方式(基准)
4．pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5．superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹
6．take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7．conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
8．turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产
9．fall away (逐渐)减少；消失
10．have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
11．experiment with 以……做试验
12．after all 毕竟；终究
|背|佳|句|
一、背教材原句，学高级句式
1．He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.[suggest that ...(should＋) do sth.]
他还建议在他离开，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。
2．It would not be surprising if we found it difficult to distinguish between reality and science fiction in the future.(find＋it＋宾语补足语＋不定式)
如果我们发现将来很难区分现实和科幻小说，那也就不足为奇了。
二、背主题佳句，学出彩表达
单元主题：未来生活
1．Scientists claim that this technical innovation will save us much time and labor, which is a breakthrough.
科学家声称，这项技术创新将为我们节省大量的时间和劳动力，这是一个突破。
2．With science becoming more advanced, transportation is more convenient, people live much longer and the level of their living conditions is higher.
随着科学的进步，交通更加便利，人们的寿命更长，生活水平也更高。
3．In conclusion, I believe the development of science and technology will have significant impacts on our life.
总之，我相信科技的发展会给我们的生活带来重大的影响。
|背|语|段|
以读促写：场景渲染之“对话”场景
His head hung spiritlessly and he seemed to be crying.“You know the team needs you, don't you, David？” My words broke the silence.“I don't want to let them down, sir. I couldn't live with myself，” he whispered, still hanging his head in frustration.“You know that by not running you will disappoint them all.Don't you want to run？” I asked.“More than anything but the conditions are so difficult and the forest so dense that I'm afraid I won't make it，” he answered. “You'll never know unless you try！” Thinking for a while, David stood up，thanked me and walked away, a determined look on his face.
他无精打采地低着头，好像要哭的样子。“你知道这支队需要你，是吗，大卫？”我的话打破了沉默。“老师，我不想让他们失望，我对自己都过意不去。”他小声说着，仍神情沮丧地低着头。“你知道，不跑你会让他们都失望的。你不想跑吗？”我问道。“别的不说，条件太艰难，树林又稠密，我担心我不行。”他回答。“你不尝试，永远不知道你能行！”大卫想了一会，站起来，感谢了我就走开了，脸上显出刚毅的表情。
高分悟道 本段中使用了多处人物对话，其中表示“说”的引述词有“My words, whispered, asked, answered”等，丰富了语言表达。
高分有招 表示“说”的高分词块有：
words knotting in his throat 他嗓子哽咽着
express one's appreciation incoherently 语无伦次地表达感激之情
scream with excitement 兴奋地喊叫
yell at 对……大嚷大叫
mutter a few words of apology 低声嘀咕了几句道歉的话
murmur sth. to sb. 小声对某人说某事
adding that ... 补充说……
一、默写核心单词
1．starting ________　　　　 起薪
2．_________ others do not 然而其他的则不然
3．afford the air _____ 负担得起机票
4．subscribe to a ________ magazine 订阅周刊
5．do physical/mental _______ 从事体力/脑力劳动
salary
whereas
fare
weekly
labour
6．take a step ___________ 向后退一步
7．_______ the kids from school 去学校接孩子
8．switch on the ______ 打开台灯
9．keep up with the _____ of the times 跟上时代的步伐
backwards
fetch
lamp
pace
二、默写变形单词(依据语境提示在横线上写出单词的正确形式)
appointed
appointed
appointment
guilt
guilty
dismiss
dismissal
declare
declaration
calculate
calculations
calculator
divide
division
urge
urgency
urgent
urgently
random
randomly
mud
muddy
三、默写重点短语
1．________　　　　　 检验；测试
2．__________ 更像是；更接近
3．___________ 根据；以……的方式(基准)
4．______________ 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5．____________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
test out
more like
on a ...basis
pros and cons
superior to
6．___________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7．_____________ 与……冲突或抵触
8．__________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产
9．_______________ 有强烈的欲望做某事
10．_________________ 以……做试验
take over
conflict with
turn out
have an urge to
experiment with
四、默写经典句式(完成句子)
1．__________________________ Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.
他还建议在他离开，也就是拉里回家的前一天晚上，克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友们到家里来。
2．It would not be surprising if we __________________________ between reality and science fiction in the future.
如果我们发现将来很难区分现实和科幻小说，那也就不足为奇了。
He suggested that she invite
found it difficult to distinguish
2
课堂学案—过词汇关
一、变形词汇——练清易错微点　
1．Cathy did a rough ___________(calculate) that they made a profit of ￡20,000 last year.
2．Then there was an __________(explode) of applause from the audience at the end of the excellent performance.
3．The _________(divide) of Europe into countries is the result of its complicated history.
4．Johnson suffered from depression after his _________(dismiss) from the company.
calculation
explosion
dismissal
division
5．Feeling extremely ________(guilt), I'm writing to convey my sincere apology to you.
6．Art experts have appealed for the __________(suspend) of plans to restore one of Leonardo da Vinci's most celebrated paintings.
7．(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)As far as I'm concerned, it's not a good idea to __________(random) pair up students for the spoken English training after class.
8．The reason why I can't keep my _____________(appoint) is that I have signed up for a volunteer activity themed “Trash Sorting, All Involved” .
guilty
suspension
randomly
appointment
易错微点
1．calculate的常用句型为It is calculated that ... “据估算……(其中it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语)”。
2．以de结尾的动词变名词时，常去掉 de加 sion。如第2题的explode和第3题的divide。
3．guilty的常用搭配为be/feel guilty for/at/about ...“为/对……感到内疚”。
二、重点词汇——练后拓展归纳　
1．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
①He declared _________ the plan because it wasn't practical.
②They will ask you to sign a ___________(declare) allowing your doctor to disclose your medical details.
③(场景描写)The instant the match _____________________, all the students in our school burst into cheers.
比赛一宣布开始，我校全体学生就突然欢呼起来。
against
declaration
was declared to be open
(1)declare sb./sth.to be 宣布某人或某事是……
declare for/against 表示赞成/反对……
declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战
declare that ... 宣布……
(2)declaration n. 申报；宣布；公告；声明
2．urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
①Environmental protection has become an ________(urge) issue for human beings.
②The shortage of water has become a global problem that needs to be solved __________(urgent)．
③(倡议书)It _________________________________________ ________ to keep fit and energetic.
坚决要求我们学生应该经常锻炼以保持健康和精力充沛。
urgent
urgently
is urged that we students (should) take regular
exercise
④(2022·全国甲卷书面表达)为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。(一句多译)
→To protect oceans better, we ________________________________ their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge sb. to do sth.)
→To protect oceans better, we ________________________________ __________ their own improper behavior and make changes.(urge that ...)
must urge more people to reflect on
must urge that more people (should)
reflect on
(1)have/feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urge sb.to do/into doing sth. 强烈要求某人做某事
urge that sb.(should) do sth. 极力主张某人做某事
It is urged that ...(should) do sth. 坚决要求……做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
in urgent need (of) 急需
(4)urgently adv. 迫切地；紧急地
三、重点短语——练后查找疏漏　
1．take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
　(用适当的介、副词填空)
①I took ______ everything he mentioned and poured more efforts into the project.
②I'd appreciate it if you could take _____ the driving for a while.
③With the development of science and technology, our country has taken ____ a new look.
down
over
on
④Even though my studies take ____ most of my day, I always help my mother with the housework.
⑤The more fat you take _____ before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.
in
up
take away　　 拿走；夺走
take down 写下；记下；拆卸
take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on 接纳；雇用；呈现；承担
take up 拿起；接受；占据；开始从事；继续
2．turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；生产；制造
　(用turn的相关短语填空)
①(2024·浙江1月高考写作)It __________ that even without a clear sense of direction, there's always a way to find one's way.
②He realized he was in the wrong and promised to __________ a new leaf.
③It suddenly occurred to me that I could _______ my father for help.
④I'm writing to sincerely apologize to you for my failing to ________ my essay on schedule.
turns out
turn over
turn to
turn in
turn against　　 反对；背叛
turn up 出现；找出；调高
turn down 调小(音量等)；拒绝
turn to 向……求助；转向
turn over 翻转；反复考虑；移交
turn in 上交；提交
四、一词多义——语境中辨词义(对应右栏词义填代码)
①The manager dismissed my idea without even listening to it. ___ ②I hurried to the school only to find the teacher had dismissed the class earlier. ___ ③Dismissing her fears, she gathered her courage and climbed higher. ___ ④The parents felt sorry when their son was dismissed by the boss. ___ dismiss
A．vt.让(某人)离开；
解散
B．vt.不予考虑；摒弃
C．vt.解雇；免职；开除
D．vt.消除；摒除(思想、感情等)
B
A
D
C
数智赋能 随堂训练—用单元所学知识补全语段
3
迁移应用—过阅读关
(说明：文中加蓝词汇为本单元主题词汇)
(2022·浙江高考·阅读理解B篇)The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity. By providing long distance communication and energy, electricity created the modern world. Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.
“It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions，” writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers: Steam, Electricity, and the Men Who Invented Modern America. Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative (叙述) so lively that at times it reads like a novel.
The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”. Klein writes, “America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its possibilities they put it to more uses than anyone else.”
Meanwhile, over the course of the 19th century, electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity. Morse invented a code for sending messages over an electromagnetic circuit. Bell then gave the telegraph a voice. Edison perfected an incandescent bulb (白炽灯泡) that brought electric light into the American home.
Most importantly, Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification, which he showed in New York City. With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current (交流电), which soon became the major form of power delivery.
To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime. It's a technique that helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one.
[真题评价]
[价值导向]　本文是一篇书评。文章按照时间顺序讲述了蒸汽时代和电力时代的联系。文章旨在引导学生欣赏科技相关的文学作品，辩证思考人类发展与科技之间的关系，启发学生从多维角度深入思考人类社会的发展。
1．What is Klein's understanding of the age of electricity
A．It is closely linked to the steam age.
B．It began earlier than people thought.
C．It is a little studied period of history.
D．It will come to an end sooner or later.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中Klein说的话“It is curious that no one has put together ... revolutions”可知， Klein认为没有人把蒸汽革命和电力革命的历史放在一起是很奇怪的，由此可知，他认为电力时代和蒸汽时代是密切相关的，故选A。
√
2．What can be inferred about Ned
A．He was born in New York City.
B．He wrote many interesting stories.
C．He created an electricity company.
D．He lived mainly in the 19th century.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Klein creates the character of Ned ... electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime”可知，Ned在他的一生中见证了蒸汽和电力革命给美国带来的进步。再结合第三段和第四段的内容可知，Klein在书中描绘了18世纪末期和19世纪蒸汽和电力的发展。由此可推知，Ned主要生活在19世纪。
3．What is the text
A．A biography.　　　 B．A book review.
C．A short story. D．A science report.
解析：文章出处题。文章首段通过电力和蒸汽引出Maury Klein的书，接下来对该书内容进行了介绍。最后一段提到为了构建他的故事，Klein创造了Ned这个虚构的角色，并使Ned在他的一生中见证了美国蒸汽和电力革命带来的进步，这是一种有助于将长篇故事变得有趣的技巧。由此可推知，本文是一篇书评。
√
[语篇精读]
一、理文脉，把握文章大意
本文是一篇书评，采用了
“问题—解决”型的语篇模式。
二、拓词汇，厚积语基语料
1．因境辨义(写出下列蓝体词在文中的词性及含义)
①(合成词)The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology, and the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity. ________________
②(熟词生义)Klein, a noted historian of technology, spins a narrative so lively that at times it reads like a novel. ____________________
③(一词多义)The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”． _________________
n.命脉；命根子
adj.著名的，有名的
v.完善，使完美
2．词块积累(写出下列词块在文中的汉语意思)
①put together　　　 ______________________
②put ... to use ___________________
③depend on _____________________
④with help from ________________
⑤a witness to _________________
⑥bring about _____________
合并；归依；归到一处
使用；利用；应用
依赖于；取决于；依靠
在……的帮助下
……的一个证人
引起；导致
三、析难句，破解阅读障碍
1．The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, where Watt perfected “the machine that changed the world”．
抓标志：关系副词_______；关系代词_____
判类型：主句＋定语从句(又含一个定语从句)
试翻译：故事开始于18世纪的最后几年，在苏格兰，瓦特完善了“改变世界的机器”。
where
that
2．America did not invent the steam engine, but once they grasped its possibilities they put it to more uses than anyone else.
抓标志：并列连词_____；从属连词_____
判类型：简单句＋并列连词＋复合句(含一个条件状语从句)
试翻译：蒸汽机并不是美国人发明的，但是一旦他们掌握了蒸汽机的可能性，他们就把它用在了比任何人都多的地方。
but
once
3．With help from Tesla, Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major form of power delivery.
抓标志：关系代词_______
判类型：主句＋定语从句
试翻译：在特斯拉的帮助下，威斯汀豪斯的公司开发了一种使用交流电的系统，交流电很快成为电力输送的主要形式。
which
4
发展提升—过表达关
由教材典句，学高级表达　
句式1　suggest that ...(should＋) do sth.
|解|读|规|则|
(1)suggest表示“建议”时，多用于suggest＋doing/that从句或It is suggested that从句，从句使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
(2)suggest表示“暗示；表明”时，其后的宾语从句使用陈述语气。
(3)名词suggestion后接同位语从句时，要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词要用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
|习|练|规|则|　(变换句式)
①Mary said, “Let's go to the art exhibition this afternoon.”
→Mary ____________________ the art exhibition that afternoon.(简单句)
→Mary ______________________________ the art exhibition that afternoon.(复合句)
②The local people suggest that the government appeal to the citizens to save water.
→_________________ the government appeal to the citizens to save water.(it作形式主语)
suggested our going to
suggested that we (should) go to
It's suggested that
|应|用|写|美|
③(建议信)我强烈建议你每天抽出一个小时的时间读英语，这将逐渐提高你的英语口语。
I ______________________________________ one hour to read English every day, which will gradually improve your spoken English.
④(情节描写)然后，她建议我和我的妈妈谈谈，并耐心地帮助我整理我的思绪。
Then she ____________________________________, helping me patiently organize my thoughts.
strongly suggest that you (should) set aside
suggested that I (should) talk to my mom
句式2　find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth.
|解|读|规|则|
(1)此结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语，形容词作宾语补足语。
(2)it作形式宾语，用于“动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”即“6123”，此结构中：“6”指常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；“1”指形式宾语it；“2”指宾语补足语的两种形式：形容词和名词；“3”指真正的宾语的三种形式：不定式、动名词和宾语从句。
|习|练|规|则|　(变换句式)
①I thought there was no use feeling frightened and that finding my way out of the forest was what I must do at the moment.
→_________________________________ and finding my way out of the forest was what I must do at the moment.
②I find that improving my oral English is difficult, so I'm writing to sincerely ask for your proposals.
→I ______________________________________, so I'm writing to sincerely ask for your proposals.
I thought it no use feeling frightened
find it difficult to improve my oral English
|应|用|写|美|
③(建议信)我认为你有必要在交作业之前先检查一遍。
I ______________________________________________________ before you hand it in.
④(主旨升华句)直到那时，我才发现抱怨是没有用的，相反，我应该积极地处理问题。
Only then ____________________________; instead, I should handle the trouble actively.
think it necessary that you (should ) go over your homework
did I find it useless to complain
建构语义场，丰富语料库　
子语境(一)　未来的家庭
1．come true　　　　　　 实现
2．benefit from 从……获益
3．scientific breakthrough 科学突破
4．promote the quality of people's life 提高人们的生活质量
5．The chances are that nursing robots will come into every family.
护理机器人很可能会走进各家各户。
6．With the development of science and technology，our life will be surely more convenient and comfortable.
随着科学技术的发展，我们的生活一定会更加方便和舒适。
子语境(二)　未来的工作
1．have more flexible work schedules 有更灵活的工作时间安排
2．achieve a better work life balance
在工作和生活之间获得更好的平衡
3．save money on transport costs 节省交通方面的开支
4．We can imagine a future in which robots will do a variety of jobs.
我们可以想象一下，未来机器人将能从事各种各样的工作。
子语境(三)　未来的教育
1．on a scientific basis　　　　 在科学的基础上
2．distance learning courses 远程教育课程
3．improve learning efficiency 提高学习效率
4．interact with virtual teachers and classmates
与虚拟老师和同学互动
5．In the future, people will lay more emphasis on health education.
在未来，人们将更加重视健康教育。
6．Students will be able to choose subjects offered by some educational institutions on the Internet according to their levels, interests and needs.
学生可以根据自己的水平、兴趣和需求在互联网上选择一些教育机构提供的课程。
主题微写作，勤练笔不辍　
(一)应用单元所学补全语段(蓝体字为单元词汇的复现)
Life in the future
It would not be surprising if we ①___________________________ ________________(发现生活更加舒适和便捷；find＋宾语＋宾语补足语) in the future. We'll benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in a variety of aspects.
find life more comfortable and
more convenient
In our daily life, our house ②_________________ (将被接管) by AI, and at the same time, we will be looked after by robots, which are ③_____ _________________________(更像人而不是机器). ④____________(结果是) that the devices in the smart houses are so superior that they will give us warnings about the potential dangers. In addition, it is suggested that ⑤__________________________(学生们待在家里)and study in a virtual reality school in the future.
All in all, ⑥_____________________________________________(我强烈渴望能花更多的时间来创作), thinking and “being human” in the future.
will be taken over
more
like humans than machines
It turns out
students should stay at home
I have a strong urge to spend more time on creating
(二)对标单元主题创写语段
2045年，作者参加了一次学校组织的月球探险活动，希望能在月球上发现外星人的踪迹。请你根据所给首句提示，写一个片段，描写作者在月球上经历的奇妙的一夜。注意要有场景、动作及心理描写。
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down.　__________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：(配有课件“名师析题”)
It was hot at night and I couldn't fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down. The sky was clear and stars were shining. Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day.I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door.He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand.
The saucer then flew away.I immediately ran into my tent and found that my telephone was gone. I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen. But I decided that the next time the alien came, I would talk to him.
5
课下双测—过高考关
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·平凉模拟)Last Friday, a special concert took place at the National Theater of Korea. It included five different pieces of music. Two were conducted by a robot called EveR 6, and two were conducted by Soo Yeoul Choi, who leads the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra.Both conductors worked together on the final piece.
EveR 6 is a robot built by the Korea Institute of Industrial Technology.It's about as tall as a person, and has a human like face that can show emotions.It has joints in its neck, shoulders, elbows, and wrists.As a result, it can move its arms quickly and smoothly in many different directions.
But EveR 6 doesn't think on its own like some advanced Artificial Intelligence programs.Instead, it has a limited group of movements that it has been trained to perform.To make these movements as natural as possible, EveR 6's movements are based on motions of real human conductors.When EveR 6 swung its baton for the first time, a gong rang out.Every movement of the robot's arms brought more instruments into the mix, and the orchestra's music grew louder and more exciting.
Mr Choi was impressed with the way EveR 6 moved.“The robot was able to present such detailed moves much better than I had imagined，” he said.But the robot still is not nearly ready to replace a human conductor.Mr Choi says the robot's greatest weakness is that it can't hear.“Some people think that conducting is just a combination of hand waving and keeping the beat，” says Mr Choi.But a good conductor needs to listen to the orchestra, so that he or she can correct and encourage the orchestra as it plays.
Mr Choi said that once EveR 6 started, “the musicians had no choice but to follow its beats.” He said this created a situation where “the performers have to communicate and ‘sense’ each other to follow the correct beats.”
Mr Choi doesn't think robots are likely to replace human conductors.But he believes robots could be helpful in situations like practice sessions where the same thing needs to be repeated many times.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了机器人指挥管弦乐队的情况。
1．What is the main disadvantage of EveR 6
A．It cannot keep the beat steady.
B．Its movements are not so natural.
C．It cannot show emotions like humans.
D．It lacks the ability of thinking independently.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“But EveR 6 doesn't think on its own like some advanced Artificial Intelligence programs.”可知，它主要的缺点是无法独立思考。
√
2．What did Mr Choi mean by saying that “the musicians had no choice but to follow its beats”？
A．The robot is programmed with correct beats.
B．The musicians are not allowed to communicate.
C．The robot is trained to be strict with the performers.
D．The robot cannot interact with the musicians.
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中Choi说的话可知，音乐家们“别无选择，只能跟着节拍走”，是因为机器人不能和乐队互动交流。
√
3．What is Mr Choi's attitude toward EveR 6
A．Negative.　　　　　 B．Objective.
C．Subjective. D．Indifferent.
解析：观点态度题。根据第四段中“The robot was able to present such detailed moves much better than I had imagined”以及“Mr Choi says the robot's greatest weakness is that it can't hear.”可知，Choi分别说明了机器人的优点和缺点，由此可推断出他对机器人的评价是客观的。
√
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Robot EveR 6 conducts an orchestra
B．A competition between human and robot
C．The power of AI robot technology
D．Revive orchestral performances in Korea
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了机器人EveR 6指挥管弦乐队的情况。故A选项“机器人EveR 6指挥管弦乐队”适合作文章标题。
√
B
(2025·郴州模拟)Imagine living in a cool, green city alive with parks and threaded with footpaths, bike lanes and buses which transport people to shops, schools and service centers in a matter of minutes.
This fancy dream is behind the idea of the 15 minute city, where all basic needs and services are within a quarter of an hour's reach, improving public health and lowering vehicle emissions.
Artificial intelligence could help urban planners realize that vision faster, with a new study from researchers at Tsinghua University in China demonstrating how machine learning can generate more efficient spatial layouts (空间布局) than humans can.
Automation scientist Zheng Yu and his colleagues wanted to find new solutions to improve our cities which are fast becoming blocked. They developed an AI system to tackle the tough tasks of urban planning and found it can produce urban plans that outperform human designs by about 50 percent in three aspects: access to services, green spaces and traffic levels.
Starting small, Zheng's team tasked their model with designing the urban area only a few square kilometers in size (about 3×3 blocks). After two days of training, the AI system searched for the ideal road designs and land use to fit with the concept of the 15 minute city and local planning policies and needs.
While the AI model has some capabilities that could extend its use for planning larger urban areas, designing entire cities will be more complex. Drafting a neighborhood consisting of 4×4 blocks contains twice as many planning decisions as designing 3×3 blocks, the researchers said. But automating even a few steps in the planning process can save huge amounts of time: the AI model can compute in seconds certain tasks that take human planners between 50 to 100 minutes to work through.
Rather than AI replacing people, Zheng and his colleagues think their AI system can work as an “assistant” to urban planners, who could generate concept designs optimized (优化) by the system, and reviewed, adjusted and evaluated by human experts based on community feedback.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国清华大学研究人员的一项新研究展示，人工智能可以帮助城市规划者更快地创建城市规划设计。
5．According to the text, which of the following is NOT a benefit of the “15 minute city” concept
A．Better public health.
B．Lower vehicle emissions.
C．Decreased access to green spaces.
D．Fast and convenient service.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“This fancy dream ... lowering vehicle emissions.”可知，15分钟城市规划可以使所有的基本需求和服务都在一刻钟的时间内得到满足，从而改善了公众健康，降低了汽车排放，只有“降低进入绿地的机会”与首段中提到的梦幻般的城市梦想相反。
6．Which major issue in cities did Zheng Yu and his team want to address
A．High levels of pollution.
B．Limited access to public services.
C．Shortage of affordable housing.
D．Rising crowding and traffic problems.
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Automation scientist Zheng Yu and his colleagues wanted to find new solutions to improve our cities which are fast becoming blocked.”可知，郑宇和他的同事们正在寻找新的方法来改善我们正在变得堵塞的城市，由此可知，日益拥挤和交通问题是他们想要解决的城市中的主要问题。
7．What can be concluded from the text about the AI model's capabilities
A．It can design entire cities efficiently.
B．It takes longer to train for larger urban areas.
C．It can complete tasks much faster than human planners.
D．It is limited to planning only a few square kilometers at a time.
√
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But automating ... to work through. ”人工智能模型可以在几秒内计算出人类规划者50到100分钟才能完成的某些任务，由此可知，人工智能可以完成任务的速度比人类设计师更快。
8．What's the best title for this text
A．Designing better cities with AI
B．The 15 Minute City: A Dream or Reality
C．Improving Public Health with Greener Cities
D．The Role of Machine Learning in Urban Design
解析：标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第三段可知，本文主要介绍的是利用人工智能可以设计出更好的城市，所以“利用人工智能设计更好的城市”符合主题，最适合作为本文的标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How Star Wars Changed Movie making Forever
“May the force be with you！” If you are a Star Wars fan, then you have probably heard this phrase many times. 9 So many characters, devices, and phrases from the movie have become well known.But you might be surprised to find out how much this movie has changed how movies are made.
“A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away ...” is how Star Wars begins.Its plot was not ground breaking. 10 The story was typical science fiction with lots of drama, traditional characters and good battling evil, in space and in hand to hand fight.
It was the special effects that made Star Wars stand out from other movies.People still talk about the light swords that could cut，burn and melt through most substances.Spaceships sped through space and landed on huge, realistic looking space stations. 11 When Star Wars first came out in 1977, most movie theaters were stand alone buildings, with just one movie screen.Using the money Star Wars had made for them，movie theater owners built more theaters, leading to the multiplexes (多影厅影院) that are common today.
Theaters needed more movies to show on all the additional movie screens and in all the new multiplexes.So new movie companies sprang up, including small ones creating experimental movies. 12 Some of the methods became popular and others failed.But, thanks to Star Wars, people got to see new types of movies.
13 There had been movie continuations previously, but they were often just poor imitations of the first movie.The Star Wars movies were all popular.There have been two trilogies (三部曲) so far, with more planned.
A．They tried out new techniques.
B．In fact, it was quite old fashioned.
C．Moviegoers had never seen anything like it.
D．Thus, audience began to enjoy science fiction movies there.
E．Star Wars was the first really successful movie trilogy in history.
F．If you are not a fan, you are still likely familiar with these words.
G．If you are a movie maker, you may be inspired by this classic film.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《星球大战》对电影制作的影响。
9．选F　根据上文“如果你是《星球大战》的粉丝，那么你可能已经听过很多次这个短语了”以及下文“电影中的许多角色、装置和短语都广为人知”可知， F项“如果你不是一个粉丝，你仍然可能熟悉这些词。”承上启下，符合语意。
10．选B　根据上文“很久以前，在一个遥远的星系里”以及“它的情节并不是突破性的”可知，这个故事的情节很老旧，与B项“事实上，它是相当老式的。”表达的含义一致。
11．选C　根据上文“人们仍然在谈论可以切割、燃烧和融化大多数物质的光剑。太空船在太空中飞驰，降落在巨大的、看起来逼真的空间站上。”可知，人们谈论的这样的场面不是真实的，是从来没见过，与C项“电影观众从未见过这样的场面。”表达的含义一致。
12．选A　根据下文“其中一些方法变得流行起来，另一些则失败了。但是，多亏了《星球大战》，人们看到了新类型的电影。”可知，电影院尝试了新的技术，与A项“他们尝试了新技术。”表达的含义一致。
13．选E　根据下文“之前也有电影续集，但它们往往只是对第一部电影的拙劣模仿。《星球大战》的电影都很受欢迎。”可知，星球大战是历史上一部成功的电影，与E项“《星球大战》是历史上第一部真正成功的电影三部曲。 ”表达的含义一致。
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2025·沈阳模拟)While enjoying my fresh lunch in a restaurant in Amsterdam, I noticed something odd. Customers coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter (柜台), preferring to 1 through a smartphone.
What was the crazy thing about this They were just several 2 apart! In fact, they were so close that the staff member took a quick 3 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables — all without any words 4 . Now, I get it: Modern technology allows us to be more 5 ， but I might be witnessing something deeper: we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
Think about it for a moment. When was the last time you naturally 6 a conversation with somebody you didn't know The chances are that you don't even 7 ！ Likely either you or the other person was “busy” with other things like 8 with a smartphone. Now, with the 9 of digital technologies, one can't help but pay the 10 for modern efficiency: our ability to talk to strangers.
We shop, 11 a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app. 12 with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer. Yet there are surprising 13 of having even a short and simple conversation with strangers. You might learn something 14 ， and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 15 a special bond in our modern world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了随着数字技术的兴起，人们通过手机来完成生活中的很多事情，渐渐失去了和陌生人沟通的能力。
1．A.talk B．call
C．order D．deliver
解析：根据空后“through a smartphone”可知，在餐馆中顾客通过智能手机点餐(order)。
√
2．A.meters B．millimeters
C．kilometers D．centimeters
解析：根据下文“they were so close that the staff member took a quick ______ at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables”可知，工作人员能看到顾客的手机屏幕，故他们相距只有几厘米(centimeters)远。
√
3．A.chance B．turn
C．look D．test
解析：根据上文“they were so close”及空后“at his screen”可知，工作人员可以看到(look)顾客的手机屏幕。
√
4．A.spoken B．written
C．typed D．mentioned
解析：根据上下文语境可知，这一切是在一句话也没有说(spoken)的情况下进行的。
√
5．A.efficient B．enthusiastic
C．effective D．energetic
解析：根据下文“one can't help but pay the _______ for modern efficiency”可知，现代技术使我们更加高效(efficient)。
√
6．A.ended up B．engaged in
C．made up D．went on
解析：根据上文“we prefer not to talk to each other anymore”可知，这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈是什么时候。engage in“参加，参与”。
√
7．A.hear B．believe
C．remember D．understand
解析：根据上文“When was the last time”可知，这里是指你可能不记得(remember)上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。
√
8．A.recording B．studying
C．playing D．calculating
解析：根据上文“busy”和空后的“with a smartphone”可知，人们在忙着玩(playing)手机。
√
9．A.idea B．aim
C．problem D．rise
解析：根据下文“modern efficiency”可知，正是随着数字技术的兴起(rise)，人们的现代效率得以提高。
√
10．A.cash B．price
C．debt D．tax
解析：随着数字技术的兴起，人们却不得不为现代效率付出代价，失去了和陌生人说话的能力。pay the price for“为……付出代价”为固定短语。
√
11．A.decorate B．book
C．build D．repair
解析：根据下文“all via an app”可知，人们通过应用程序预订(book)酒店。
√
12．A.Contact B．Work
C．Quarrel D．Reunion
解析：根据上文“We shop, _______ a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app.”可知，人们通过手机完成生活中的很多事情，故和陌生人的接触(Contact)少了。
√
13．A.interests B．benefits
C．disadvantages D．influences
解析：根据下文“You might learn something _______， and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and _______ a special bond in our modern world.”可知，和陌生人交谈有很多好处(benefits)。
√
14．A.unrealistic B．unsuitable
C．unreasonable D．unexpected
解析：根据上文“having even a short and simple conversation with strangers”可知，和陌生人交谈可能让你学到意想不到的(unexpected)东西。
√
15．A.serves as B．refers to
C．accounts for D．consists of
解析：根据空后“a special bond in our modern world”可知，和陌生人交谈可以充当(serves as)现代生活中一个特殊的纽带。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·乐山模拟)Yunnan has adopted artificial intelligence (AI) to carry out most routine inspections at 621 power substations (变电站), replacing the need for human workers. The AI inspection, powered by cameras, drones (无人机) and walking robots, 1 (be) capable of completing a task in 2 (little) than five minutes, down from the five hours 3 (require) by human workers.
Yunnan, a major 4 (produce) of hydropower and other forms of clean electricity, has 1, 937 power substations of 35 kilovolts (千伏) or above, many of 5 are located in mountainous areas. Access to nearly half of 6 substations requires travel of more than three hours by road.
AI powered automatic inspections are expected 7 (free) human workers from lengthy road travels, greatly reducing costs. The China Southern Power Grid has planned to promote AI inspections from the experimental areas 8 the rest of the substations in the province over the next two years.
China is increasingly turning to artificial intelligence, especially robotic technologies to tackle the 9 (short) of technicians in remote mountainous areas. Last year, the mountainous province of Guizhou also started using robots to inspect the power substations that are 10 (easy) influenced by extreme weather conditions.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了云南省利用人工智能技术在621个变电站进行日常巡检，通过摄像头、无人机和行走机器人替代人工，大幅提高了效率并降低成本，解决了偏远山区技术员短缺问题。
1．is　考查时态及主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词，描述现在的情况，应用一般现在时，且主语The AI inspection为第三人称单数，be动词用is。
2．less　考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知，空处应用比较级，little的比较级是less，构成短语less than，意为“少于”。
3．required　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语形式作后置定语修饰five hours，且require与hours之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式required，作后置定语。
4．producer　考查名词。根据句意及空前形容词major可知，空处应填入produce的名词形式producer，意为“生产者，产地”，且根据空前的不定冠词a可知，应用可数名词的单数形式。
5．which　考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是power substations，指物，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which引导。
6．the/these/those　考查冠词或代词。根据空后substations可知，空处特指前面提到的变电站，可以用定冠词the表示特指，也可以用指示代词these或those指代前面提到的 substations。
7．to free　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词are expected，空处应用非谓语形式，be expected to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”，空处应用不定式形式。
8．to　考查介词。根据空前from可知，空处应用介词to，构成from ...to ...固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。
9．shortage　考查名词。根据空前动词tackle和定冠词the可知，空处应填入short的名词形式shortage“短缺，不足”作动词tackle的宾语。
10．easily　考查副词。根据空后influenced可知，空处应用副词easily“容易地”，修饰动词influenced，作状语。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
(2025·安庆模拟)假定你是李华，下周你校将举行“科普进校园”活动，请你给外教Eleanor写封邮件邀请她参加。内容包括：
1．时间和地点；
2．主要内容和意义。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
精品课件·名师析题
Dear Eleanor，
I'm writing to share with you an activity called Science Promotion Entering Campus in our school. _________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Eleanor，
I'm writing to share with you an activity called Science Promotion Entering Campus in our school. Knowing that you have a real passion for science, I'd like to extend an invitation to you to attend it.
As scheduled, the occasion will be held from Monday to Thursday next week in the school hall. Our headmaster will deliver a brief opening speech first, which will be followed by special lectures and interactive exhibitions,
ranging from daily life to practical application of work. Not only can this event broaden our horizons, but it can also develop our innovative hands on ability. Time permitting, we'd like you to answer relevant questions raised by students.
I sincerely hope that you'll be able to confirm your attendance. Your early reply will be greatly appreciated.
Yours，
Li Hua选择性必修4 UNIT 1　单元双测·课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·平凉模拟)Last Friday, a special concert took place at the National Theater of Korea. It included five different pieces of music. Two were conducted by a robot called EveR 6, and two were conducted by Soo Yeoul Choi, who leads the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra.Both conductors worked together on the final piece.
EveR 6 is a robot built by the Korea Institute of Industrial Technology.It’s about as tall as a person, and has a human like face that can show emotions.It has joints in its neck, shoulders, elbows, and wrists.As a result, it can move its arms quickly and smoothly in many different directions.
But EveR 6 doesn’t think on its own like some advanced Artificial Intelligence programs.Instead, it has a limited group of movements that it has been trained to perform.To make these movements as natural as possible, EveR 6’s movements are based on motions of real human conductors.When EveR 6 swung its baton for the first time, a gong rang out.Every movement of the robot’s arms brought more instruments into the mix, and the orchestra’s music grew louder and more exciting.
Mr Choi was impressed with the way EveR 6 moved.“The robot was able to present such detailed moves much better than I had imagined,” he said.But the robot still is not nearly ready to replace a human conductor.Mr Choi says the robot’s greatest weakness is that it can’t hear.“Some people think that conducting is just a combination of hand waving and keeping the beat,” says Mr Choi.But a good conductor needs to listen to the orchestra, so that he or she can correct and encourage the orchestra as it plays.
Mr Choi said that once EveR 6 started, “the musicians had no choice but to follow its beats.” He said this created a situation where “the performers have to communicate and ‘sense’ each other to follow the correct beats.”
Mr Choi doesn’t think robots are likely to replace human conductors.But he believes robots could be helpful in situations like practice sessions where the same thing needs to be repeated many times.
1.What is the main disadvantage of EveR 6
A.It cannot keep the beat steady.
B.Its movements are not so natural.
C.It cannot show emotions like humans.
D.It lacks the ability of thinking independently.
2.What did Mr Choi mean by saying that “the musicians had no choice but to follow its beats”
A.The robot is programmed with correct beats.
B.The musicians are not allowed to communicate.
C.The robot is trained to be strict with the performers.
D.The robot cannot interact with the musicians.
3.What is Mr Choi’s attitude toward EveR 6
A.Negative.　　　　　　 B.Objective.
C.Subjective. D.Indifferent.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Robot EveR 6 conducts an orchestra
B.A competition between human and robot
C.The power of AI robot technology
D.Revive orchestral performances in Korea
B
(2025·郴州模拟)Imagine living in a cool, green city alive with parks and threaded with footpaths, bike lanes and buses which transport people to shops, schools and service centers in a matter of minutes.
This fancy dream is behind the idea of the 15 minute city, where all basic needs and services are within a quarter of an hour’s reach, improving public health and lowering vehicle emissions.
Artificial intelligence could help urban planners realize that vision faster, with a new study from researchers at Tsinghua University in China demonstrating how machine learning can generate more efficient spatial layouts (空间布局) than humans can.
Automation scientist Zheng Yu and his colleagues wanted to find new solutions to improve our cities which are fast becoming blocked. They developed an AI system to tackle the tough tasks of urban planning and found it can produce urban plans that outperform human designs by about 50 percent in three aspects: access to services, green spaces and traffic levels.
Starting small, Zheng’s team tasked their model with designing the urban area only a few square kilometers in size (about 3×3 blocks). After two days of training, the AI system searched for the ideal road designs and land use to fit with the concept of the 15 minute city and local planning policies and needs.
While the AI model has some capabilities that could extend its use for planning larger urban areas, designing entire cities will be more complex. Drafting a neighborhood consisting of 4×4 blocks contains twice as many planning decisions as designing 3×3 blocks, the researchers said. But automating even a few steps in the planning process can save huge amounts of time: the AI model can compute in seconds certain tasks that take human planners between 50 to 100 minutes to work through.
Rather than AI replacing people, Zheng and his colleagues think their AI system can work as an “assistant” to urban planners, who could generate concept designs optimized (优化) by the system, and reviewed, adjusted and evaluated by human experts based on community feedback.
5.According to the text, which of the following is NOT a benefit of the “15 minute city” concept
A.Better public health.
B.Lower vehicle emissions.
C.Decreased access to green spaces.
D.Fast and convenient service.
6.Which major issue in cities did Zheng Yu and his team want to address
A.High levels of pollution.
B.Limited access to public services.
C.Shortage of affordable housing.
D.Rising crowding and traffic problems.
7.What can be concluded from the text about the AI model’s capabilities
A.It can design entire cities efficiently.
B.It takes longer to train for larger urban areas.
C.It can complete tasks much faster than human planners.
D.It is limited to planning only a few square kilometers at a time.
8.What’s the best title for this text
A.Designing better cities with AI
B.The 15 Minute City: A Dream or Reality
C.Improving Public Health with Greener Cities
D.The Role of Machine Learning in Urban Design
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How Star Wars Changed Movie making Forever
“May the force be with you!” If you are a Star Wars fan, then you have probably heard this phrase many times.　9　 So many characters, devices, and phrases from the movie have become well known.But you might be surprised to find out how much this movie has changed how movies are made.
“A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away ...” is how Star Wars begins.Its plot was not ground breaking.　10　 The story was typical science fiction with lots of drama, traditional characters and good battling evil, in space and in hand to hand fight.
It was the special effects that made Star Wars stand out from other movies.People still talk about the light swords that could cut,burn and melt through most substances.Spaceships sped through space and landed on huge, realistic looking space stations.　11　 When Star Wars first came out in 1977, most movie theaters were stand alone buildings, with just one movie screen.Using the money Star Wars had made for them,movie theater owners built more theaters, leading to the multiplexes (多影厅影院) that are common today.
Theaters needed more movies to show on all the additional movie screens and in all the new multiplexes.So new movie companies sprang up, including small ones creating experimental movies.　12　 Some of the methods became popular and others failed.But, thanks to Star Wars, people got to see new types of movies.
　13　 There had been movie continuations previously, but they were often just poor imitations of the first movie.The Star Wars movies were all popular.There have been two trilogies (三部曲) so far, with more planned.
A.They tried out new techniques.
B.In fact, it was quite old fashioned.
C.Moviegoers had never seen anything like it.
D.Thus, audience began to enjoy science fiction movies there.
E.Star Wars was the first really successful movie trilogy in history.
F.If you are not a fan, you are still likely familiar with these words.
G.If you are a movie maker, you may be inspired by this classic film.
选择性必修4　UNIT 1　单元双测·课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2025·沈阳模拟)While enjoying my fresh lunch in a restaurant in Amsterdam, I noticed something odd. Customers coming in for something to eat ignored the person standing behind the counter (柜台), preferring to 　1　 through a smartphone.
What was the crazy thing about this They were just several 　2　 apart! In fact, they were so close that the staff member took a quick 　3　 at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables — all without any words 　4　. Now, I get it: Modern technology allows us to be more 　5　, but I might be witnessing something deeper: we prefer not to talk to each other anymore.
Think about it for a moment. When was the last time you naturally 　6　 a conversation with somebody you didn’t know The chances are that you don’t even 　7　! Likely either you or the other person was “busy” with other things like 　8　 with a smartphone. Now, with the 　9　 of digital technologies, one can’t help but pay the 　10　 for modern efficiency: our ability to talk to strangers.
We shop, 　11　 a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app. 　12　 with random strangers is becoming rarer and rarer. Yet there are surprising 　13　 of having even a short and simple conversation with strangers. You might learn something 　14　, and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 　15　 a special bond in our modern world.
1.A.talk　　　　　　　　 B.call
C.order D.deliver
2.A.meters B.millimeters
C.kilometers D.centimeters
3.A.chance B.turn
C.look D.test
4.A.spoken B.written
C.typed D.mentioned
5.A.efficient B.enthusiastic
C.effective D.energetic
6.A.ended up B.engaged in
C.made up D.went on
7.A.hear B.believe
C.remember D.understand
8.A.recording B.studying
C.playing D.calculating
9.A.idea B.aim
C.problem D.rise
10.A.cash B.price
C.debt D.tax
11.A.decorate B.book
C.build D.repair
12.A.Contact B.Work
C.Quarrel D.Reunion
13.A.interests B.benefits
C.disadvantages D.influences
14.A.unrealistic B.unsuitable
C.unreasonable D.unexpected
15.A.serves as B.refers to
C.accounts for D.consists of
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2025·乐山模拟)Yunnan has adopted artificial intelligence (AI) to carry out most routine inspections at 621 power substations (变电站), replacing the need for human workers. The AI inspection, powered by cameras, drones (无人机) and walking robots, 　1　 (be) capable of completing a task in 　2　 (little) than five minutes, down from the five hours 　3　 (require) by human workers.
Yunnan, a major 　4　 (produce) of hydropower and other forms of clean electricity, has 1, 937 power substations of 35 kilovolts (千伏) or above, many of 　5　 are located in mountainous areas. Access to nearly half of 　6　 substations requires travel of more than three hours by road.
AI powered automatic inspections are expected 　7　 (free) human workers from lengthy road travels, greatly reducing costs. The China Southern Power Grid has planned to promote AI inspections from the experimental areas 　8　 the rest of the substations in the province over the next two years.
China is increasingly turning to artificial intelligence, especially robotic technologies to tackle the 　9　 (short) of technicians in remote mountainous areas. Last year, the mountainous province of Guizhou also started using robots to inspect the power substations that are 　10　 (easy) influenced by extreme weather conditions.
Ⅲ.应用文写作 精品课件·名师析题
(2025·安庆模拟)假定你是李华,下周你校将举行“科普进校园”活动,请你给外教Eleanor写封邮件邀请她参加。内容包括:
1.时间和地点;　2.主要内容和意义。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Eleanor,
I’m writing to share with you an activity called Science Promotion Entering Campus in our school.
Yours,
Li Hua
选择性必修 4　UNIT 1
课时作业(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了机器人指挥管弦乐队的情况。
1.选D　细节理解题。根据第三段中“But EveR 6 doesn’t think on its own like some advanced Artificial Intelligence programs.”可知,它主要的缺点是无法独立思考。
2.选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中Choi说的话可知,音乐家们“别无选择,只能跟着节拍走”,是因为机器人不能和乐队互动交流。
3.选B　观点态度题。根据第四段中“The robot was able to present such detailed moves much better than I had imagined”以及“Mr Choi says the robot’s greatest weakness is that it can’t hear.”可知,Choi分别说明了机器人的优点和缺点,由此可推断出他对机器人的评价是客观的。
4.选A　标题归纳题。根据第一段并结合文章内容可知,本文主要讲述了机器人EveR 6指挥管弦乐队的情况。故A选项“机器人EveR 6指挥管弦乐队”适合作文章标题。
[B]
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国清华大学研究人员的一项新研究展示,人工智能可以帮助城市规划者更快地创建城市规划设计。
5.选C　细节理解题。根据第二段“This fancy dream ... lowering vehicle emissions.”可知,15分钟城市规划可以使所有的基本需求和服务都在一刻钟的时间内得到满足,从而改善了公众健康,降低了汽车排放,只有“降低进入绿地的机会”与首段中提到的梦幻般的城市梦想相反。
6.选D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Automation scientist Zheng Yu and his colleagues wanted to find new solutions to improve our cities which are fast becoming blocked.”可知,郑宇和他的同事们正在寻找新的方法来改善我们正在变得堵塞的城市,由此可知,日益拥挤和交通问题是他们想要解决的城市中的主要问题。
7.选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“But automating ... to work through. ”人工智能模型可以在几秒内计算出人类规划者50到100分钟才能完成的某些任务,由此可知,人工智能可以完成任务的速度比人类设计师更快。
8.选A　标题归纳题。通读全文并根据第三段可知,本文主要介绍的是利用人工智能可以设计出更好的城市,所以“利用人工智能设计更好的城市”符合主题,最适合作为本文的标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了《星球大战》对电影制作的影响。
9.选F　根据上文“如果你是《星球大战》的粉丝,那么你可能已经听过很多次这个短语了”以及下文“电影中的许多角色、装置和短语都广为人知”可知, F项“如果你不是一个粉丝,你仍然可能熟悉这些词。”承上启下,符合语意。
10.选B　根据上文“很久以前,在一个遥远的星系里”以及“它的情节并不是突破性的”可知,这个故事的情节很老旧,与B项“事实上,它是相当老式的。”表达的含义一致。
11.选C　根据上文“人们仍然在谈论可以切割、燃烧和融化大多数物质的光剑。太空船在太空中飞驰,降落在巨大的、看起来逼真的空间站上。”可知,人们谈论的这样的场面不是真实的,是从来没见过,与C项“电影观众从未见过这样的场面。”表达的含义一致。
12.选A　根据下文“其中一些方法变得流行起来,另一些则失败了。但是,多亏了《星球大战》,人们看到了新类型的电影。”可知,电影院尝试了新的技术,与A项“他们尝试了新技术。”表达的含义一致。
13.选E　根据下文“之前也有电影续集,但它们往往只是对第一部电影的拙劣模仿。《星球大战》的电影都很受欢迎。”可知,星球大战是历史上一部成功的电影,与E项“《星球大战》是历史上第一部真正成功的电影三部曲。 ”表达的含义一致。
课时作业(二)
Ⅰ.完形填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了随着数字技术的兴起,人们通过手机来完成生活中的很多事情,渐渐失去了和陌生人沟通的能力。
1.选C　根据空后“through a smartphone”可知,在餐馆中顾客通过智能手机点餐(order)。
2.选D　根据下文“they were so close that the staff member took a quick 　　　　at his screen to get a head start on picking the right vegetables”可知,工作人员能看到顾客的手机屏幕,故他们相距只有几厘米(centimeters)远。
3.选C　根据上文“they were so close”及空后“at his screen”可知,工作人员可以看到(look)顾客的手机屏幕。
4.选A　根据上下文语境可知,这一切是在一句话也没有说(spoken)的情况下进行的。
5.选A　根据下文“one can’t help but pay the 　　　　for modern efficiency”可知,现代技术使我们更加高效(efficient)。
6.选B　根据上文“we prefer not to talk to each other anymore”可知,这里是说上一次和陌生人进行交谈是什么时候。engage in“参加,参与”。
7.选C　根据上文“When was the last time”可知,这里是指你可能不记得(remember)上次和陌生人说话是什么时候了。
8.选C　根据上文“busy”和空后的“with a smartphone”可知,人们在忙着玩(playing)手机。
9.选D　根据下文“modern efficiency”可知,正是随着数字技术的兴起(rise),人们的现代效率得以提高。
10.选B　随着数字技术的兴起,人们却不得不为现代效率付出代价,失去了和陌生人说话的能力。pay the price for“为……付出代价”为固定短语。
11.选B　根据下文“all via an app”可知,人们通过应用程序预订(book)酒店。
12.选A　根据上文“We shop, 　　　　a hotel, or order a taxi, all via an app.”可知,人们通过手机完成生活中的很多事情,故和陌生人的接触(Contact)少了。
13.选B　根据下文“You might learn something 　　　　, and beyond doubt, it has the power to enrich your understanding of others and 　　　　a special bond in our modern world.”可知,和陌生人交谈有很多好处(benefits)。
14.选D　根据上文“having even a short and simple conversation with strangers”可知,和陌生人交谈可能让你学到意想不到的(unexpected)东西。
15.选A　根据空后“a special bond in our modern world”可知,和陌生人交谈可以充当(serves as)现代生活中一个特殊的纽带。
Ⅱ.语法填空
语篇解读:本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了云南省利用人工智能技术在621个变电站进行日常巡检,通过摄像头、无人机和行走机器人替代人工,大幅提高了效率并降低成本,解决了偏远山区技术员短缺问题。
1.is　考查时态及主谓一致。空处是句子的谓语动词,描述现在的情况,应用一般现在时,且主语The AI inspection为第三人称单数,be动词用is。
2.less　考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than可知,空处应用比较级,little的比较级是less,构成短语less than,意为“少于”。
3.required　考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,空处应用非谓语形式作后置定语修饰five hours,且require与hours之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式required,作后置定语。
4.producer　考查名词。根据句意及空前形容词major可知,空处应填入produce的名词形式producer,意为“生产者,产地”,且根据空前的不定冠词a可知,应用可数名词的单数形式。
5.which　考查定语从句。根据句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是power substations,指物,关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语,应用关系代词which引导。
6.the/these/those　考查冠词或代词。根据空后substations可知,空处特指前面提到的变电站,可以用定冠词the表示特指,也可以用指示代词these或those指代前面提到的 substations。
7.to free　考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词are expected,空处应用非谓语形式,be expected to do sth.为固定搭配,意为“被期望做某事”,空处应用不定式形式。
8.to　考查介词。根据空前from可知,空处应用介词to,构成from ...to ...固定搭配,意为“从……到……”。
9.shortage　考查名词。根据空前动词tackle和定冠词the可知,空处应填入short的名词形式shortage“短缺,不足”作动词tackle的宾语。
10.easily　考查副词。根据空后influenced可知,空处应用副词easily“容易地”,修饰动词influenced,作状语。
Ⅲ.应用文写作(参考范文)
Dear Eleanor,
I’m writing to share with you an activity called Science Promotion Entering Campus in our school. Knowing that you have a real passion for science, I’d like to extend an invitation to you to attend it.
As scheduled, the occasion will be held from Monday to Thursday next week in the school hall. Our headmaster will deliver a brief opening speech first, which will be followed by special lectures and interactive exhibitions, ranging from daily life to practical application of work. Not only can this event broaden our horizons, but it can also develop our innovative hands on ability. Time permitting, we’d like you to answer relevant questions raised by students.
I sincerely hope that you’ll be able to confirm your attendance. Your early reply will be greatly appreciated.
Yours,
Li Hua
8 / 8

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