资源简介 / 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科Unit 8 Safe and sound 知识清单一、重点词组搭配(一)灾害与应急事件类词汇emergency / 'm d nsi/n. 紧急情况natural disaster 自然灾害power cut 停电lightning /'la tn /n. 闪电typhoon /ta 'fu n/n. 台风traffic accident 交通事故bush fire 山林大火tidal wave 海啸in fear 恐惧地in all directions 四处,到处(二)应对措施类词汇put out 扑灭,熄灭calm down (使)平静stay safe 保持安全first aid 急救warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事avoid doing sth. 避免做某事press on 按,压clear the snow 清除积雪get trapped 被困住(三)人物与场所类词汇fireman /'fa m n/n. 消防员policeman /p 'li sm n/n. 警察postman /'p stm n/n. 邮递员airport /'e p t/n. 机场office building 办公楼homeless people 无家可归的人二、重点句型用法(一)过去进行时结构:was/were + 动词 - ing 形式用法:表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。例如:I was working when the earthquake started.(地震发生时我正在工作。)(二)when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句when:从句动作可长可短,主句用过去进行时,从句用一般过去时。例如:When I got up, it was snowing heavily.(我起床时,雪下得很大。)while:从句动作持续,主从句均用过去进行时。例如:People were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down.(当玻璃和砖块像雨点般落下时,人们四处奔跑。)as:强调动作同时进行,可与 when/while 互换。例如:As I was trying to find my way out, I heard some noise.(当我试图找到出路时,听到了一些声音。)(三)结果与状态表达The fog was so thick that drivers couldn't see more than a metre.(雾太浓了,司机能见度不超过一米。)The earthquake made thousands of people homeless.(地震使成千上万的人无家可归。)I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.(我感到紧张,心跳得很快。)(四)建议与警告句型You should stay under a table in an earthquake.(地震时你应该躲在桌子下面。)The police warned us to stay away from the beach.(警察警告我们远离海滩。)It's important to calm down in an emergency.(在紧急情况下保持冷静很重要。)三、语法点详细梳理(一)过去进行时构成:主语 + was/were + 现在分词(v.-ing)用法表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。例如:At 2 pm yesterday, I was having a class.(昨天下午 2 点,我正在上课。)描述过去一段时间内持续进行的动作。例如:The wind was blowing hard all morning.(整个上午风都刮得很猛。)与 when/while/as 引导的时间状语从句连用,表达过去同时发生的动作。与一般过去时的区别:过去进行时强调动作的持续性,一般过去时强调动作的完成。例如:I was reading a book when he came in.(他进来时我正在看书。)(过去进行时)I read a book yesterday.(我昨天看了一本书。)(一般过去时)(二)复合词(Compound words)构成方式名词 + 名词:thunderstorm(雷暴)、teamwork(团队合作)、snowball(雪球)名词 + 动词:earthquake(地震)、rainfall(降雨量)、sunrise(日出)动词 + 名词:passport(护照)、playground(操场)、driveway(车道)形容词 + 名词:whiteboard(白板)、software(软件)、gentleman(绅士)有时需要加连字符:north-east(东北)、part-time(兼职)用法:复合词在句子中可作主语、宾语、定语等,使表达更简洁准确。例如:The snowstorm caused a lot of damage.(暴风雪造成了很大的损失。)(snowstorm 作主语)(三)连词 when, while, as 的用法when:可表示 “当…… 时候”,从句动作可以是短暂性或持续性动词。例如:When the lightning hit the building, I was watching TV.(当闪电击中大楼时,我正在看电视。)while:强调 “在…… 期间”,从句动作必须是持续性动词,主从句动作同时进行。例如:While I was walking my dog, I saw a fire.(我遛狗时看到了一场火灾。)as:表示 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着……”,强调动作的同时性。例如:As the fire got bigger, I felt more afraid.(随着火势变大,我感到更害怕。)四、本单元话题书面表达写作指导学案(一)写作类型本单元的书面表达主要是写一篇关于紧急情况或自然灾害的个人经历文章,属于记叙文写作。(二)写作结构引言(Introduction):介绍事件发生的时间、地点和背景。发展(Development)描述灾害发生时的情景,包括所见所闻所感。讲述自己或他人的应对措施和行动。高潮(Climax):最紧张或关键的时刻,如被困、获救等。结局(Conclusion):灾害后的情况,个人的感受和启示。(三)写作要点时态运用:主要使用过去进行时和一般过去时,准确描述事件发展过程。细节描写:加入环境描写、人物动作、心理活动等,使文章更生动。逻辑连贯:使用时间顺序词(first, then, finally 等)和连接词(and, but, so 等),使文章结构清晰。主题突出:明确表达在灾害中的经历和从中获得的启示,如安全意识的重要性。(四)写作示例(以海啸经历为例)写作大纲Title(题目)My Experience in a Tidal Wave(我在海啸中的经历)Introduction(介绍) Saturday, 30 July; playing on the beach with friends (7月30日星期六;和朋友们在沙滩上玩耍)Development(发展) Sea water started to disappear; people shouting; running up the hill(海水开始退去;人们呼喊着;往山上跑)Climax(关键) Looking back, the whole beach and buildings in water; boats damaged(回头一看,整个海滩和建筑物都在水中;船只受损)Conclusion(结局) Police came and warned us; no one hurt; feeling safe and realizing the importance of safety(警察来警告我们;没有人受伤;有安全感,意识到安全的重要性)参考范文My Experience in a Tidal WaveLast Saturday, I went to the beach with my friends. We were having a great time playing in the sand when suddenly, the sea water started to disappear. It was strange and we didn't know what was happening.Then we heard people shouting loudly, "Run away from the beach! A big wave is coming!" We were scared but quickly realized it was an emergency. We ran up the hill as fast as we could. While we were running, I looked back and saw the whole beach and all the buildings below us were in water. Many boats were damaged and floating in the water.After the tidal wave passed, the police came to check if everyone was OK. They warned us to stay away from the beach for a few days. They told us that there was an earthquake under the sea which caused the tidal wave.Luckily, no one was hurt or killed. All of us were happy that we were safe. This experience made me realize how powerful nature is and how important it is to be aware of safety around us. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览