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Module 6-10 重点语法、书面表达归纳
Module8-10
一．语法
宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
一．连接词
　　宾语从句大致可以分为三类:that引导的宾语从句,whether/if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。在本模块中,我们学习that引导的宾语从句。
（1）连接词that
　当谓语动词表示肯定的概念,如"希望""相信""知道"或"说"时,其后的宾语从句一般用that引导。that没有任何词汇意义,只具有语法功能,目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语,多数情况下that可以省略。
I hope (that) it this afternoon. 我希望今天下午会下雨。
不可省略that的常见情况
(1)当一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时,通常第一个宾语从句前的that可省略,但后面的that不可省略。
She wrote (that) she would come and see him sometimes, and she would never forget what he had done for her. 她写信说,她会不时来看他,而且永远不会忘记他为她做的(事情)。
(2)句中带有插入语时,宾语从句的引导词that不可省略。
Your father said, happily and proudly, you had won the gold medal. 你父亲高兴又自豪地说,你赢得了金牌。
(3)带补语的宾语从句的引导词that通常不可省略。
He felt it necessary he should give Liu Bin a call later. 他觉得有必要晚些时候给刘彬打个电话。
（2） whether/if引导的宾语从句
　　当一般疑问句充当句子的宾语时,用连词whether或if引导,whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,意为"是否",不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序。
I don't know whether/if she will come this afternoon.我不知道她今天下午是否会来。
whether与if引导宾语从句时的区别
用法 例句
whether引导的宾语从句可置于句首,而if无此功能。 it is true or not, I can't tell. 这是真的还是假的,我说不上来。
whether引导的宾语从句可直接用于介词之后,而if无此功能。 That depends on we work hard. 那取决于我们是否努力。
whether 可与or not直接连用,而if一般不能。 Let me know or not you can come.让我知道你是否能来。
（3） 疑问词引导的宾语从句
　　当特殊疑问句充当句子的宾语时,由原来的疑问词作为连接词,这些词在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分,都有各自的词义,不可省略。疑问词引导的宾语从句也要用陈述语序。
常见连接词的含义及功能如下:
连接词 含义 功能
连 接 代 词 谁(主格) 除在句中起连接作用外,还可在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
谁(宾格)
谁的
什么
哪个
连 接 副 词 什么时候 除在句中起连接作用外,还可在宾语从句中作状语。
什么地方
怎样,如何
为什么
He asked them they did on the weekend.他问他们周末做了什么。(what在宾语从句中作宾语)
Do you know he was born 你知道他何时出生的吗 (when在宾语从句中作时间状语)
连接代词who与whom都指人。who为主格,在从句中作主语;whom为宾格,在从句中作宾语。
I don't know is playing the piano next door.我不知道谁正在隔壁弹钢琴。(who在宾语从句中作主语)
Could you tell me you spoke to just now 你能告诉我你刚才在和谁说话吗 (whom在宾语从句中作宾语)
二．宾语从句的时态问题
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,
(1)主句如果是现在时或将来时,从句根据实际情况选用时态。
I know who charge of the work. 我知道谁一直负责此工作。
(2)主句如果是过去时态,从句通常也应用过去的有关时态。
The foreign guests told me that they learnt a lot during their stay in China. 这些外国客人告诉我说,他们在中国逗留期间学到了很多东西。
(3)当宾语从句表示的是客观事实、谚语或一个人/物的经常性的特点或习惯等时,从句常用一般现在时,而不受主句时态的影响。
Mother told me that honesty the best policy. 妈妈告诉我诚实是上策。(谚语)
Mary said that she usually a book before going to bed. Mary说她睡觉前通常看看书。(习惯)
(4)如果从句表示的仍然是现在或将来的时间,其时态不受主句的影响。
She said that she Beijing next week.她说她下周飞往北京。
三．宾语从句的语序
(1)宾语从句的语序：在宾语从句中要用 。 He asked me when we could set out the next day.他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。 Did you find out where she lost her car 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗？ (2)宾语从句的时态： 1）如果主句的谓语是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。 She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她周一至周五上班。（从句时一般现在时） She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说要在桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时） She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时） 2）如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态（客观真理、事实除外） He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时） He said that he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿。 He said that they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时） He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光比声传播得快。 宾语从句时态口诀：“主过从必过，主现从不限” 宾语从句的否定转移（否前不否后） 我认识他不是一个好学生。 I think he is not a good student. I don’t think he is a good student.
二．写作
Module 10
本模块的话题是"广播"，设置的写作题目多是谈论电台或广播节目主持人的工作，如何成为一名合格的主持人或向电台主持人寻求帮助等。
假设你叫李华，是一名八年级的学生，校园广播站要招聘一名英语节目主持人，介绍英语文化。请你根据要点提示，给节目负责人写一封自荐信（人称：第一人称 语篇类型：自荐信 话题：应聘）。
要点提示：
1.喜欢播音，曾在小学广播站做主持人；
2.擅长英语，尤其对各国的文化感兴趣；
3.表明决心，对做好这份工作有信心。
素材积累
词汇
advantage 优点 presenter 主持人 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 the voices of my favourite presenters 最喜欢的主持人的声音
dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 be interested in 对……感兴趣
句子
1.I enjoy listening to the radio and the voices of my favourite presenters. 我喜欢听广播和我最喜欢的主持人的声音。
2.Since I was a kid, I have always dreamed of working in radio. 从小时候，我就一直梦想从事电台工作。
3.I worked in the radio station at primary school, so I have had much experience in radio. 我小学时就在电台工作，所以我在广播这方面有很多经验。
4.I am good at speaking English and I'm interested in culture of different countries, especially English-speaking countries.我擅长说英语，我对不同国家的文化感兴趣，尤其是英语国家。
5.If I can be the presenter, I'll work hard and have the confidence to make the program more interesting and helpful.如果我可以成为主持人，我会努力工作并且有信心让这个节目更趣、更有帮助。
Dear Sir or Madam,
Yours,
Li Hua
Module 9
本模块的话题是"友谊"，属于人际交往，与学生息息相关。具体到写作上，学生需要做到能够描述朋友的外貌及性格；能表达自己对友谊的观点；保持积极乐观的交友态度。
某班召开了主题为"What is friendship "（话题：友谊）的班会，请你根据他们讨论出的观点写一篇英语短文，并谈谈你自己的看法。
内容提示：
1.相互帮助,相互信任；
2.共同分担悲伤,分享喜悦；
3.……
要求：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.80词左右。
素材积累
词汇
help each other相互帮助 trust each other相互信任 share happiness and joy分享幸福与喜悦
laugh at嘲笑 as well as也 treasure珍惜 in a word总之 in one's opinion在某人看来
句子
1.Everyone needs friendship. 人人都需要友谊。
2.I think friendship is ... in the world.我认为友谊是世界上……
3.True friends should...真正的朋友应该……
4.True friends share not only joy, but also sorrow.真正的朋友不仅仅分享快乐，还分担悲伤。
5.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真正的朋友会为你伸出援助之手，并触动你的心灵。
6.A person without a friend is like the world without sunshine.一个人没有朋友就像世界没有阳光。
7.It's important to communicate more with our friends.多和朋友沟通很重要。
8.I hope our friendship can last forever. 我希望我们的友谊可以长存。
9.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
Module 8
本模块的话题是"旅游与度假"，要求学生能够介绍某景点的基本信息，进行旅游安排，谈论旅行见闻及感受，会使用宾语从句和感叹句表达旅游感受。
假如你是李欣，你与Bob叔叔及其家人约定了一起去北京旅行。请你给Bob 叔叔写一封英文电子邮件（语篇类型：电子邮件），告知你的旅行安排（话题：旅行安排 人称：以第一人称为主 时态：以一般将来时为主）。
内容要点如下:
1.6月30日下午2:00机场见；
2.酒店已预订好，直接前往；
3.第二天观看升旗仪式，游长城，吃北京烤鸭；
4.补充一两点与旅行有关的信息或想法。
注意:
1.文中不得透露个人真实姓名和学校；
2.词数不少于80，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇: book v.预订 directly adv.直接地 flag-raising ceremony 升旗仪式
素材积累
词汇
a good impression 好的印象 book the room 预订房间 have a rest 休息一下early in the morning 一大早
be worth visiting 值得参观places of interest 名胜enjoy oneself/have fun 玩得开心taste delicious food 品尝美食
句子
1.As soon as we land in Beijing, we can go to the hotel
directly to have a rest. 我们一降落到北京，就可以直接去酒店休息。
2.We'll watch the flag-raising ceremony at Tian'anmen Square early in the morning. 一大早我们将去天安门广场观看升旗仪式。
3.It's well worth visiting.它非常值得参观。
4.As for dinner, we'll taste the delicious local food, Beijing duck. 至于晚餐，我们将会品尝当地的美食——北京烤鸭。
5.Remember to wear sunglasses and take an umbrella with you. 记得戴太阳镜并带上一把伞。
Dear Uncle Bob,
Li Xin
Module 7
一．语法
并列复合句
概念:并列复合句是指由并列连词and、but、or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
构成:并列复合句的基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
Tom went to college and Jack joined the army. Tom上了大学,Jack入伍了。
（1）常考的四个连词：
连词 主要用法 例句
and 表并列，连接词、短语或句子 Lily and Kate are good students. They sang and danced at the party last night. Be careful and you will make fewer mistakes.
①“和，又”，变为否定句时，用or
②“那么”，祈使句+and+陈述句
or 表选择，连接词、短语或句子 She can't sing and dance. Which season do you like better,spring or summer Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.
①“和”，用于否定句中
②“或者”，用于选择疑问句中，不用yes/no回答
③“否则”，祈使句+or+陈述句
but “但是;然而”,表示转折关系,连接意思相反的词、短语或句子，不与although/though连用 I like English, but I don't like math. He is young but very experienced.
so “因此;所以”,表示因果关系,连接两个句子，不与because连用 Monkeys are very clever, so we like them.
(1)并列连词and
and连接并列的简单句,表示平行、顺接、递进等关系。
Her brother is an engineer and her sister is a painter. 她哥哥是工程师,她妹妹是画家。(平行)
He closed the window, turned off the light and left the room. 他关上窗,熄了灯,离开了房间。(顺接)
Tess did the work and did it well. Tess做了那项工作,而且做得很好。(递进)
(2)并列连词but
but连接并列的简单句,表示转折等关系,不可以与though、although连用。
It's true that she is young, but she is experienced and responsible. 诚然她很年轻,但是她既有经验,又认真负责。
He thought he could win the match, but he was wrong. 他原以为他能赢得这场比赛,但他错了。
(3)并列连词or
or连接并列的简单句,表示选择(或者,还是,不然的话)、不确定等。
Tidy up the living room or wash the clothes, please. 请整理一下客厅,或者洗衣服吧。
Wear your coat or you'll catch a cold. 把大衣穿上,不然你会感冒的。
Would you like a cup of coffee or something 你想来杯咖啡或别的什么饮料吗
(1)并列复合句有时可不用连词,而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系要相当紧密)。
We fished all day; we did not catch a single fish.我们钓了一整天鱼,但是一条鱼都没有钓到。
(2)并列连词后面的简单句如果与前面的简单句有相同的部分,则相同的部分常可省略。
I work in a factory and my brother (works) on a farm.我在工厂工作,我弟弟在农场工作。
（2）常考的连词短语
neither...nor... 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则”
either...or... 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则”
not only...but also... 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则”
both...and... 连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
as well as 连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
二．写作
本模块谈论的是暑期活动安排及学习，与此相关的是介绍有关夏令营活动或暑期课程学习等内容。写此类文章时，首先应说明活动或课程内容，接着介绍相关的时间、地点、食宿安排、活动或学习安排等，最后给出报名方式。
假如你叫李华，你的英国朋友Tom想在暑假来北京学习汉语，请你帮忙了解一下暑期汉语学习班（话题：介绍暑期汉语学习班）。请根据下面的提示信息，给他写一封80词左右的电子邮件，介绍相关情况（人称：以第二、三人称为主 时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主）。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Summer Chinese Courses
For whom foreign students
Time July 1st-31st
Teachers well trained, experienced
Living dormitory（宿舍）
Activities visit local（当地的）families, travel around the city
Email at chinesesummer@
素材积累
词汇
from...to...从……到…… after-school activities课后活动choose to do sth.选择做某事
form close friendships with sb.和某人建立亲密的友谊learn about了解
have fun玩得开心email at...发电子邮件到…… be certain to do sth.一定能做某事
句子
1.The course lasts for...课程持续……
2.The course starts...and finishes...课程……开始，……结束。
3.The teachers are well trained and have a lot of experience. 老师们训练有素且经验丰富。
4.You can choose to visit local families or travel around the city... 你可以选择拜访当地家庭或者游览全市……
5.You're certain to...你一定会……
6.If you..., you can...如果你……，你可以……
Dear Tom,
If you want to know more, you can email at chinesesummer@.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Module 6
一．语法
简单句的基本句型
基本句型 用法 例句
S+V(主语+谓语) 句型中的动词是不及物动词。有时要加上状语,句子意义才完整。 The sun rose. 太阳升起来了。
S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语) 常见的系动词有be、become、get、turn、feel(感觉)、look、sound(听起来)、smell等。 He is a teacher. 他是一名老师。
S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语) 句型中的动词是及物动词或"不及物动词+介词等"构成的动词短语。 The song encouraged me.那首歌鼓舞了我。
S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) ①如果将直接宾语提前, 需要在间接宾语前加上to或for等介词。 ②当直接宾语是代词时,要用"主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语"结构。 My friend gave me an apple.=My friend gave an apple to me.我的朋友给了我一个苹果。 Please give it to me. 请把它给我。
S+V+O+C(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) 句型中的宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则语意不完整。 I find English very interesting.我发现英语很有趣。
There be+主语(即存现句) 此句型常表示"某处有某物",be动词与主语在数上保持一致。当主语是多个名词时,be动词的形式遵循"就近原则"。 There is a table and four chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
二．写作
本模块话题是"爱好"。写这类话题时，可以先点明爱好是什么，然后介绍爱好产生的原因，最后延伸到爱好对生活的影响和意义。
请以"My Hobby"为题写一篇短文，尽量包含以下要点。
要点：1.What is your hobby
2.How do you develop your hobby（按时间顺序描写，以一般过去时为主）
3.Share your happiness you get from your hobby.（写爱好带来的影响） Give at least one example.
My Hobby
Having hobbies is important for everyone.
素材积累
词汇
be/become interested in开始对……感兴趣 develop a hobby培养爱好learn new skills学习新技能
share...with...和……分享……bring me pleasure给我带来快乐keep me in a good mood使我保持好心情
be good for对……有好处from then on从那时起
句子
1.Different people have different hobbies. 不同的人有不同的爱好。
2.My happiness comes from my hobbies.我的快乐来自我的爱好。
3.It brings me not only pleasure but also success.它带给我的不仅有快乐，还有成功。
4.The new hobby lights up my boring life.新爱好点亮了我无聊的生活。
5.Interest is the best teacher.兴趣是最好的老师。
6.When you take up a hobby, you have a close friend whom
you can depend on. 当你有了爱好，你就有了可以依赖的密友。
7.You can make friends with the people who have the same
hobby as you. 你可以和那些与你有相同爱好的人交朋友。
8.I find great pleasure in...我在……中找到了极大的乐趣。
9....can make me happy/strong/healthy.……可以使我快乐/强壮/健康。
10.I spend some of my free time...我花一些空闲时间……
My Hobby
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)Module 6-10 重点语法、书面表达归纳
Module8-10
一．语法
宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
一．连接词
　　宾语从句大致可以分为三类:that引导的宾语从句,whether/if引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。在本模块中,我们学习that引导的宾语从句。
（1）连接词that
　当谓语动词表示肯定的概念,如"希望""相信""知道"或"说"时,其后的宾语从句一般用that引导。that没有任何词汇意义,只具有语法功能,目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是前面动词的宾语,多数情况下that可以省略。
I hope (that) it will rain this afternoon. 我希望今天下午会下雨。
不可省略that的常见情况
(1)当一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时,通常第一个宾语从句前的that可省略,但后面的that不可省略。
She wrote (that) she would come and see him sometimes, and that she would never forget what he had done for her. 她写信说,她会不时来看他,而且永远不会忘记他为她做的(事情)。
(2)句中带有插入语时,宾语从句的引导词that不可省略。
Your father said, happily and proudly, that you had won the gold medal. 你父亲高兴又自豪地说,你赢得了金牌。
(3)带补语的宾语从句的引导词that通常不可省略。
He felt it necessary that he should give Liu Bin a call later. 他觉得有必要晚些时候给刘彬打个电话。
（2） whether/if引导的宾语从句
　　当一般疑问句充当句子的宾语时,用连词whether或if引导,whether/if在从句中不充当任何句子成分,意为"是否",不可省略。宾语从句要用陈述语序。
I don't know whether/if she will come this afternoon.我不知道她今天下午是否会来。
whether与if引导宾语从句时的区别
用法 例句
whether引导的宾语从句可置于句首,而if无此功能。 Whether it is true or not, I can't tell. 这是真的还是假的,我说不上来。
whether引导的宾语从句可直接用于介词之后,而if无此功能。 That depends on whether we work hard. 那取决于我们是否努力。
whether 可与or not直接连用,而if一般不能。 Let me know whether or not you can come.让我知道你是否能来。
（3） 疑问词引导的宾语从句
　　当特殊疑问句充当句子的宾语时,由原来的疑问词作为连接词,这些词在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分,都有各自的词义,不可省略。疑问词引导的宾语从句也要用陈述语序。
常见连接词的含义及功能如下:
连接词 含义 功能
连 接 代 词 who 谁(主格) 除在句中起连接作用外,还可在宾语从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
whom 谁(宾格)
whose 谁的
what 什么
which 哪个
连 接 副 词 when 什么时候 除在句中起连接作用外,还可在宾语从句中作状语。
where 什么地方
how 怎样,如何
why 为什么
He asked them what they did on the weekend.他问他们周末做了什么。(what在宾语从句中作宾语)
Do you know when he was born 你知道他何时出生的吗 (when在宾语从句中作时间状语)
连接代词who与whom都指人。who为主格,在从句中作主语;whom为宾格,在从句中作宾语。
I don't know who is playing the piano next door.我不知道谁正在隔壁弹钢琴。(who在宾语从句中作主语)
Could you tell me whom you spoke to just now 你能告诉我你刚才在和谁说话吗 (whom在宾语从句中作宾语)
二．宾语从句的时态问题
在含有宾语从句的复合句中,
(1)主句如果是现在时或将来时,从句根据实际情况选用时态。
I know who has been in charge of the work. 我知道谁一直负责此工作。
(2)主句如果是过去时态,从句通常也应用过去的有关时态。
The foreign guests told me that they had learnt a lot during their stay in China. 这些外国客人告诉我说,他们在中国逗留期间学到了很多东西。
(3)当宾语从句表示的是客观事实、谚语或一个人/物的经常性的特点或习惯等时,从句常用一般现在时,而不受主句时态的影响。
Mother told me that honesty is the best policy. 妈妈告诉我诚实是上策。(谚语)
Mary said that she usually reads a book before going to bed. Mary说她睡觉前通常看看书。(习惯)
(4)如果从句表示的仍然是现在或将来的时间,其时态不受主句的影响。
She said that she is flying to Beijing next week.她说她下周飞往北京。
三．宾语从句的语序
(1)宾语从句的语序：在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。 He asked me when we could set out the next day.他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。 Did you find out where she lost her car 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗？ (2)宾语从句的时态： 1）如果主句的谓语是一般现在时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。 She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday.她说她周一至周五上班。（从句时一般现在时） She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk.她说要在桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时） She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei.她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。（从句是现在完成时） 2）如果主句的谓语是一般过去时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态（客观真理、事实除外） He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon.他说昨天下午没有课。（从句是一般过去时） He said that he was going to take care of the baby.他说他会去照看这个婴儿。 He said that they were having a meeting at that time.他说他们那时正在开会。（从句是过去进行时） He said that light travels much faster than sound.他说光比声传播得快。 宾语从句时态口诀：“主过从必过，主现从不限” 宾语从句的否定转移（否前不否后） 我认识他不是一个好学生。 I think he is not a good student. I don’t think he is a good student.
二．写作
Module 10
本模块的话题是"广播"，设置的写作题目多是谈论电台或广播节目主持人的工作，如何成为一名合格的主持人或向电台主持人寻求帮助等。
假设你叫李华，是一名八年级的学生，校园广播站要招聘一名英语节目主持人，介绍英语文化。请你根据要点提示，给节目负责人写一封自荐信（人称：第一人称 语篇类型：自荐信 话题：应聘）。
要点提示：
1.喜欢播音，曾在小学广播站做主持人；
2.擅长英语，尤其对各国的文化感兴趣；
3.表明决心，对做好这份工作有信心。
素材积累
词汇
advantage 优点 presenter 主持人 enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 the voices of my favourite presenters 最喜欢的主持人的声音
dream of doing sth. 梦想做某事 be good at doing sth. 擅长做某事 be interested in 对……感兴趣
句子
1.I enjoy listening to the radio and the voices of my favourite presenters. 我喜欢听广播和我最喜欢的主持人的声音。
2.Since I was a kid, I have always dreamed of working in radio. 从小时候，我就一直梦想从事电台工作。
3.I worked in the radio station at primary school, so I have had much experience in radio. 我小学时就在电台工作，所以我在广播这方面有很多经验。
4.I am good at speaking English and I'm interested in culture of different countries, especially English-speaking countries.我擅长说英语，我对不同国家的文化感兴趣，尤其是英语国家。
5.If I can be the presenter, I'll work hard and have the confidence to make the program more interesting and helpful.如果我可以成为主持人，我会努力工作并且有信心让这个节目更趣、更有帮助。
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm Li Hua from Grade 8. I'd like to recommend myself to be a presenter of the English program at our radio station. I have a few advantages.
To begin with, I love the radio very much. I enjoy listening to the radio and the voices of my favourite presenters. Since I was a kid, I have always dreamed of working in radio. As I grew older,my interest grew. What's more, I worked in the radio station at primary school, so I have ④ had much experience in radio. Lastly, I am good at speaking English and I'm interested in culture of different countries, especially English-speaking countries.
If I can be the presenter, I'll work hard and have the confidence to make the program more interesting and helpful.
I'm looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Module 9
本模块的话题是"友谊"，属于人际交往，与学生息息相关。具体到写作上，学生需要做到能够描述朋友的外貌及性格；能表达自己对友谊的观点；保持积极乐观的交友态度。
某班召开了主题为"What is friendship "（话题：友谊）的班会，请你根据他们讨论出的观点写一篇英语短文，并谈谈你自己的看法。
内容提示：
1.相互帮助,相互信任；
2.共同分担悲伤,分享喜悦；
3.……
要求：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.80词左右。
素材积累
词汇
help each other相互帮助 trust each other相互信任 share happiness and joy分享幸福与喜悦
laugh at嘲笑 as well as也 treasure珍惜 in a word总之 in one's opinion在某人看来
句子
1.Everyone needs friendship. 人人都需要友谊。
2.I think friendship is ... in the world.我认为友谊是世界上……
3.True friends should...真正的朋友应该……
4.True friends share not only joy, but also sorrow.真正的朋友不仅仅分享快乐，还分担悲伤。
5.A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.真正的朋友会为你伸出援助之手，并触动你的心灵。
6.A person without a friend is like the world without sunshine.一个人没有朋友就像世界没有阳光。
7.It's important to communicate more with our friends.多和朋友沟通很重要。
8.I hope our friendship can last forever. 我希望我们的友谊可以长存。
9.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart.After the discussion at the class meeting, I understand what friendship is.
Most of our classmates share the same opinions. Firstly, true friends should help each other and trust each other, especially when we have problems. Secondly, friends should learn to share each other's happiness as well as sadness.Then happiness doubles and sadness halves. In my opinion, understanding our friends is the most important thing.
In a word, friendship is necessary in our life. A person without a friend is like the world without sunshine. Treasure our friends and friendship.
Module 8
本模块的话题是"旅游与度假"，要求学生能够介绍某景点的基本信息，进行旅游安排，谈论旅行见闻及感受，会使用宾语从句和感叹句表达旅游感受。
假如你是李欣，你与Bob叔叔及其家人约定了一起去北京旅行。请你给Bob 叔叔写一封英文电子邮件（语篇类型：电子邮件），告知你的旅行安排（话题：旅行安排 人称：以第一人称为主 时态：以一般将来时为主）。
内容要点如下:
1.6月30日下午2:00机场见；
2.酒店已预订好，直接前往；
3.第二天观看升旗仪式，游长城，吃北京烤鸭；
4.补充一两点与旅行有关的信息或想法。
注意:
1.文中不得透露个人真实姓名和学校；
2.词数不少于80，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇: book v.预订 directly adv.直接地 flag-raising ceremony 升旗仪式
素材积累
词汇
a good impression 好的印象 book the room 预订房间 have a rest 休息一下early in the morning 一大早
be worth visiting 值得参观places of interest 名胜enjoy oneself/have fun 玩得开心taste delicious food 品尝美食
句子
1.As soon as we land in Beijing, we can go to the hotel
directly to have a rest. 我们一降落到北京，就可以直接去酒店休息。
2.We'll watch the flag-raising ceremony at Tian'anmen Square early in the morning. 一大早我们将去天安门广场观看升旗仪式。
3.It's well worth visiting.它非常值得参观。
4.As for dinner, we'll taste the delicious local food, Beijing duck. 至于晚餐，我们将会品尝当地的美食——北京烤鸭。
5.Remember to wear sunglasses and take an umbrella with you. 记得戴太阳镜并带上一把伞。
Dear Uncle Bob,
I'm so glad to hear from you about visiting Beijing. I can't wait to share the trip plan with you.
On June 30th, we'll meet at the airport at 2 p.m. As soon as we land in Beijing, we can go to the hotel directly to have a rest, for I have already booked the rooms. The next day, we'll watch the flag-raising ceremony at Tian'anmen Square early in the morning. It's really amazing!
Then in the afternoon,we'll visit the Great Wall. It's well worth visiting and we'll be impressed. As for dinner, we'll taste the delicious local food, Beijing duck. Finally, remember to wear sunglasses and take an umbrella with you because it's hot in Beijing. I'm sure the trip will be enjoyable.
Look forward to meeting all of you in Beijing.
Li Xin
Module 7
一．语法
并列复合句
概念:并列复合句是指由并列连词and、but、or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。
构成:并列复合句的基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句。
Tom went to college and Jack joined the army. Tom上了大学,Jack入伍了。
（1）常考的四个连词：
连词 主要用法 例句
and 表并列，连接词、短语或句子 Lily and Kate are good students. They sang and danced at the party last night. Be careful and you will make fewer mistakes.
①“和，又”，变为否定句时，用or
②“那么”，祈使句+and+陈述句
or 表选择，连接词、短语或句子 She can't sing and dance. Which season do you like better,spring or summer Hurry up, or you'll miss the train.
①“和”，用于否定句中
②“或者”，用于选择疑问句中，不用yes/no回答
③“否则”，祈使句+or+陈述句
but “但是;然而”,表示转折关系,连接意思相反的词、短语或句子，不与although/though连用 I like English, but I don't like math. He is young but very experienced.
so “因此;所以”,表示因果关系,连接两个句子，不与because连用 Monkeys are very clever, so we like them.
(1)并列连词and
and连接并列的简单句,表示平行、顺接、递进等关系。
Her brother is an engineer and her sister is a painter. 她哥哥是工程师,她妹妹是画家。(平行)
He closed the window, turned off the light and left the room. 他关上窗,熄了灯,离开了房间。(顺接)
Tess did the work and did it well. Tess做了那项工作,而且做得很好。(递进)
(2)并列连词but
but连接并列的简单句,表示转折等关系,不可以与though、although连用。
It's true that she is young, but she is experienced and responsible. 诚然她很年轻,但是她既有经验,又认真负责。
He thought he could win the match, but he was wrong. 他原以为他能赢得这场比赛,但他错了。
(3)并列连词or
or连接并列的简单句,表示选择(或者,还是,不然的话)、不确定等。
Tidy up the living room or wash the clothes, please. 请整理一下客厅,或者洗衣服吧。
Wear your coat or you'll catch a cold. 把大衣穿上,不然你会感冒的。
Would you like a cup of coffee or something 你想来杯咖啡或别的什么饮料吗
(1)并列复合句有时可不用连词,而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系要相当紧密)。
We fished all day; we did not catch a single fish.我们钓了一整天鱼,但是一条鱼都没有钓到。
(2)并列连词后面的简单句如果与前面的简单句有相同的部分,则相同的部分常可省略。
I work in a factory and my brother (works) on a farm.我在工厂工作,我弟弟在农场工作。
（2）常考的连词短语
neither...nor... 既不……也不……;两者都不…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则”
either...or... ……或者……;要么……要么…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则”
not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… 连接两个主语时,句中谓语动词采用“就近原则”
both...and... 两者都…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
as well as 而且,还,又 连接并列主语时,谓语动词应与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
二．写作
本模块谈论的是暑期活动安排及学习，与此相关的是介绍有关夏令营活动或暑期课程学习等内容。写此类文章时，首先应说明活动或课程内容，接着介绍相关的时间、地点、食宿安排、活动或学习安排等，最后给出报名方式。
假如你叫李华，你的英国朋友Tom想在暑假来北京学习汉语，请你帮忙了解一下暑期汉语学习班（话题：介绍暑期汉语学习班）。请根据下面的提示信息，给他写一封80词左右的电子邮件，介绍相关情况（人称：以第二、三人称为主 时态：以一般现在时和一般将来时为主）。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Summer Chinese Courses
For whom foreign students
Time July 1st-31st
Teachers well trained, experienced
Living dormitory（宿舍）
Activities visit local（当地的）families, travel around the city
Email at chinesesummer@
素材积累
词汇
from...to...从……到…… after-school activities课后活动choose to do sth.选择做某事
form close friendships with sb.和某人建立亲密的友谊learn about了解
have fun玩得开心email at...发电子邮件到…… be certain to do sth.一定能做某事
句子
1.The course lasts for...课程持续……
2.The course starts...and finishes...课程……开始，……结束。
3.The teachers are well trained and have a lot of experience. 老师们训练有素且经验丰富。
4.You can choose to visit local families or travel around the city... 你可以选择拜访当地家庭或者游览全市……
5.You're certain to...你一定会……
6.If you..., you can...如果你……，你可以……
Dear Tom,
You said you wanted to learn Chinese in Beijing. I have read an advertisement. Here is something about it.
The course is for foreign students. It will last for one month from July 1st to 31st. The teachers are well trained and have a lot of experience. You can live in the dormitory with other learners. There are many after-school activities every day.
You can choose to visit local families and form close friendships with them or you can travel around the city to learn more about Beijing. You're certain to have fun here.
If you want to know more, you can email at chinesesummer@.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
Module 6
一．语法
简单句的基本句型
基本句型 用法 例句
S+V(主语+谓语) 句型中的动词是不及物动词。有时要加上状语,句子意义才完整。 The sun rose. 太阳升起来了。
S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语) 常见的系动词有be、become、get、turn、feel(感觉)、look、sound(听起来)、smell等。 He is a teacher. 他是一名老师。
S+V+O(主语+谓语+宾语) 句型中的动词是及物动词或"不及物动词+介词等"构成的动词短语。 The song encouraged me.那首歌鼓舞了我。
S+V+IO+DO(主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语) ①如果将直接宾语提前, 需要在间接宾语前加上to或for等介词。 ②当直接宾语是代词时,要用"主语+谓语+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语"结构。 My friend gave me an apple.=My friend gave an apple to me.我的朋友给了我一个苹果。 Please give it to me. 请把它给我。
S+V+O+C(主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语) 句型中的宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,若无宾语补足语,则语意不完整。 I find English very interesting.我发现英语很有趣。
There be+主语(即存现句) 此句型常表示"某处有某物",be动词与主语在数上保持一致。当主语是多个名词时,be动词的形式遵循"就近原则"。 There is a table and four chairs in the room.房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。
二．写作
本模块话题是"爱好"。写这类话题时，可以先点明爱好是什么，然后介绍爱好产生的原因，最后延伸到爱好对生活的影响和意义。
请以"My Hobby"为题写一篇短文，尽量包含以下要点。
要点：1.What is your hobby
2.How do you develop your hobby（按时间顺序描写，以一般过去时为主）
3.Share your happiness you get from your hobby.（写爱好带来的影响） Give at least one example.
My Hobby
Having hobbies is important for everyone.
素材积累
词汇
be/become interested in开始对……感兴趣 develop a hobby培养爱好learn new skills学习新技能
share...with...和……分享……bring me pleasure给我带来快乐keep me in a good mood使我保持好心情
be good for对……有好处from then on从那时起
句子
1.Different people have different hobbies. 不同的人有不同的爱好。
2.My happiness comes from my hobbies.我的快乐来自我的爱好。
3.It brings me not only pleasure but also success.它带给我的不仅有快乐，还有成功。
4.The new hobby lights up my boring life.新爱好点亮了我无聊的生活。
5.Interest is the best teacher.兴趣是最好的老师。
6.When you take up a hobby, you have a close friend whom
you can depend on. 当你有了爱好，你就有了可以依赖的密友。
7.You can make friends with the people who have the same
hobby as you. 你可以和那些与你有相同爱好的人交朋友。
8.I find great pleasure in...我在……中找到了极大的乐趣。
9....can make me happy/strong/healthy.……可以使我快乐/强壮/健康。
10.I spend some of my free time...我花一些空闲时间……
My Hobby
Having hobbies is important for everyone. I have also developed a hobby — listening to music.
At the age of 2, I became interested in music. I would never cry when I listened to the sound of music. From then on, my parents often played music for me. Nowadays, I always spend time enjoying music when I'm free. And I also like sharing the music with my family and friends.
Music really brings me much pleasure. For example, when I'm in trouble, it can make me calm down. When I'm tired, it makes me relaxed. It keeps me in a good mood and is good for my health.
No man is really happy without a hobby. Hobbies can bring us pleasure, friendship and knowledge. I'm really pleased with my hobby.
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