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江西省吉安第一中学2025届高三英语保温卷（三）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
College of Arts and Sciences at UP
The oldest and largest school at University of Portland(UP), the College of Arts and Sciences offers degrees in the humanities, natural sciences, performing arts, social sciences, and interdisciplinary fields. A liberal arts and sciences degree provides a versatile(灵活多向的) pathway to a wide range of careers, and the College takes full advantage of UP’s ideal location in creating hands-on career-building experiences out in the field, whichever one you choose!
Popular Programs
· Environmental Science / Environmental Ethics & Policy
· Psychology
· Pre-Health
· Political Science and Pre-Law
· Gender, Women, and Sexuality Studies
· Ethnic Studies
· Humanities
The Portland Advantage
With close proximity(临近)to the outdoors, government agencies, leading medical institutions, arts and culture venues, and more, UP gives students a great variety of opportunities to connect with the community and gain valuable hands-on in a wide range of careers.
R1-Level Research
UP goes head-to-head with Research1(R1)institutions, with unmatched opportunities for hands-on research work with faculty(全体教员)members throughout the academic year and summer in disciplines as varied as theology, biology, ethnic studies, and mathematics.
Hands-on Connections
While R1 universities increasingly rely on graduate students as instructors, at UP all classes are taught by our professional and admirable faculty. That means your professors will really get to know you and will provide expert guidance, advice, and unique academic opportunities!
21. What can we learn about College of Arts and Sciences
A. It is located in the countryside.
B. It is the most popular school at UP.
C. It seeks employment for its students.
D. It prepares its students for various careers.
22. What advantage does UP have over R1 universities
A. Its disciplines are more varied.
B. Its professors are more admirable.
C. It offers more tailored learning experiences.
D. It provides more chances for hands-on research.
23. Where is this text probably taken from
A. A course plan.
B. A program proposal.
C. An admission brochure.
D. An educational report.
B
When Leonardo da Vinci wasn’t painting masterpieces or dreaming up flying machines, he was exploring the secrets of gravity. Considering himself a scientist and artist, this Renaissance thinker spent untold hours studying how the " attraction of one object to another " affected phenomena like the flight of birds and the fall of water.
Recent research published in the journal Leonardo reveals that da Vinci conducted detailed gravity experiments over a century before Galileo and two centuries prior to Newton ." His thinking was far ahead of his time," said co-author Dr. Morteza Gharib. The study highlights Leonardo’s determination to find the law governing the dynamics of falling objects.
Dr. Gharib said he discovered the experiments while examining an online version of The Codex Arundel, a collection of Leonardo’s notes from 1478 to 1518. Among its mirror-written texts, a drawing on Page 143 caught his eye: a triangle(三角形) formed by cycles pouring from a pot. He used a computer program to flip (翻转) the triangle and the nearby backward writing. Suddenly, the image came to life ." I could see motion ," Dr. Gharib recalled." I could see him pouring stuff out." It was a eureka moment that revealed Leonardo’s forward-looking experiment.
Gazing at Leonardo’s drawing, Dr. Gharib realized that the artist had separated gravity’s effects into two components, revealing a normally hidden aspect of nature. Inspired by hail falling from fast- moving clouds, Leonardo demonstrated through his drawing how gravity’s constant force causes a steady speed gain — shown by the increasing gaps between falling objects as the pot moves.
Despite his basic experimental setup 500 years ago, da Vinci calculated the gravitational constant to an accuracy within 10 percent of the modern value." It’s mind-boggling ," Dr. Gharib said." That’s the beauty of what Leonardo does."
However, Dr. Gharib hesitated to examine the Codex further." I’m like a kid in a toy store, afraid to even look at it," he said. He noted that while art historians had studied it, scientists had not." It’s an open book with so much to discover."
What is the main purpose of the text
A. To report da Vinci’s unknown research.
B. To compare da Vinci with other scientists.
C. To prove da Vinci’s artist and scientist role.
D. To show a way of analyzing da Vinci’s notes.
25. What does the underlined phrase " a eureka moment " in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Finding da Vinci’s secret drawings.
B. Detecting the need of mirror-writing.
C. Discovering the power of technology.
D. Realizing the triangle’s scientific meaning.
26. What is special about da Vinci’s experiments
A. They were the first to explore the law of gravity.
B. They achieved high-level accuracy with simple tools.
C. They focused on the beauty of falling objects’ motion.
D. They integrated artistic strategy with scientific method.
27.What can we know about The Codex from Dr . Gharib’s words
A. It contains unexplored scientific insights.
B. Historians misunderstood its real purpose.
C. Its artwork hasn’t been properly analyzed.
D. New tools are required to reveal its secrets.
C
The flattened bodies of cockroaches (蟑螂) can get into places that no human can, without leaving a trace. They’ll eat just about anything, and they’re near indestructible. All these qualities make them the perfect choice for search-and-rescue operations. That’s why a team from a famous university in Asia decided that cyborg cockroaches would be a good idea.
The concept involves combining the best of both worlds: the organic cockroach body, fine-tuned across millions of years of evolution to navigate small spaces and unfriendly environments, guided to a target destination of human choosing by a few electronic pushes from a high-tech backpack.
“The creation of a functioning robot on a small scale is challenging; we wanted to sidestep this obstacle by keeping things simple,” explains the lead researcher Mochammad Ariyanto. “By simply attaching electronic devices to insects, we can avoid the finer details of robotics engineering and focus on achieving our goals.”
Let’s be honest: even the most advanced robots are pretty junky when it comes to movement. There’s a level of detail to animal motion that our best auto robots haven’t even begun to crack.
That becomes especially apparent when it comes to vertical (垂直的) navigation: many robots can easily be undone by a simple staircase. A cockroach, on the other hand, can climb walls, scale perimeters, pass through pipes, and even tolerate low-oxygen environments.
The authors hope to mount the cockroaches with sensors to guide them and these bug-bots could be used to inspect the dangerous ruins left in the wake of war and natural disaster, and even detect survivors and rescue workers in trouble. They can send back data on places unfit for humans: the narrow pipes of buildings, deep tunnels underground, and sensitive cultural heritage sites.
“I believe our cyborg insects can achieve objectives with less effort and power than purely mechanical robots,” says Ariyanto, “Our autonomous bio-hybrid navigation system overcomes problems that have traditionally challenged robots, such as recovering from falling. This is what is needed for stepping outside the laboratory and into real-life scenarios like wilderness.”
Of course, it’s unclear how the cockroaches feel about all this.
28. What is a cyborg cockroach
A. A robot designed to copy a cockroach.
B. A cockroach with enhanced genetic features.
C. A robot remotely controlled by a cockroach.
D. A cockroach equipped with an electronic device.
29. What is a cockroach’s advantage over a robot
A. Flattened body.
B. Indestructible quality.
C. Animal motion.
D. Low-oxygen tolerance.
30. What are the bug-bots expected to do
A. Stop wars from happening.
B. Inspect reasons for natural disasters.
C. Solve problems facing robots in the lab.
D. Send information from unfriendly places.
31. What is the author’s tongue like at the end of the text
A. Concerned. B. Humorous. C. Optimistic. D. Critical.
D
The illusion of explanatory depth ( IOED ) refers to people’s tendency to believe they understand something far better than they actually do. It’s often not until they are asked to explain further that they come face to face with their limited understanding of it .
Imagine an alien asks you to describe how a zipper (拉链) functions. You’ve used zippers countless times—on jackets, bags, or shoes. Confidently, you start:" You pull the slider up, and the teeth interlock!" But as the alien goes deeper—" How do the teeth match What stops them from separating sideways Why does the slider move smoothly "—you get stuck. To think that a zipper is such a simple everyday item, and yet you actually know much less than you’ve predicted. This puzzles you greatly. In reality, attempting to unpack details exposes our knowledge as far shallower than imagined —a gap called “explanatory shallowness.”
On the whole, IOED leads people to overestimate their understanding of complex issues, driving decisions rooted in emotion rather than reasoned analysis. This cognitive bias (偏见) fuels misplaced confidence in certain causes, often with minimal factual grounding. Studies reveal that individuals with stronger opinions on topics like genetically modified foods frequently possess the least knowledge about them. Similarly, it can also make us less receptive to other political opinions. One study at MIT looked at whether getting people to explain a political policy in detail—thereby exposing the illusion of explanatory depth—would make them more open to changing their bias when later presented with a persuasive argument. They found while participants did rate their understanding lower, they were actually less likely to shift their position, even more committed to their original stand.
Recognizing IOED is critical to fighting against the spread of misinformation fueled by overconfidence in shallow knowledge. To avoid it, practice explanatory self-testing: explain ideas clearly before forming strong opinions, identify knowledge gaps, and admit intellectual shortage by acknowledging uncertainty. Prioritize depth over strong beliefs—seek diverse perspectives, avoid jumping to conclusions, and confirm claims. This encourages informed decisions, reduces unnecessary conflicts, and replaces performative expertise with collaborative learning.
32. Why is the example "explaining a zipper to an alien" presented
A. To justify a theory.
B. To introduce a topic.
C. To draw a comparison.
D. To clarify a definition.
33. What does the MIT study suggest
A. Explanation facilitates change in views.
B. Reflection deepens people’s understanding.
C. Realizing ignorance makes people more biased.
D. Unpacking details contributes to strong arguments.
34. What is the author’s advice for breaking IOED
A. Hide your ignorance.
B. Question your certainty.
C. Avoid further explanation.
D. Resist informed decisions.
What can be a suitable title for the passage
A. IOED: When Confidence Masks Ignorance
B. IOED: You Might Know More Than You think
C. To Explain or Not to Explain Think Before Starting
D. Simplicity or Complexity Watch Out for the Common
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
For many, constant bad news numbs our reaction to climate disasters. But research suggests that immersive storytelling about nature, told through virtual reality(VR), can both build empathy and inspire us to act. 36
I experienced a powerful VR story about a young pangolin(穿山甲) named Chestnut, struggling to survive in the Kalahari Desert. As its body curled up in the vast, dusty landscape, I felt a deep connection. 37 Despite its optimism, the pangolin eventually died, and I couldn’t help but cry.
Research suggests that VR can trigger stronger emotional responses than traditional media, therefore making people feel a deeper sense of wonder to nature. Ulrico Grech-Cumbo, the founder of HabitatXR, a company based in Johannesburg, created immersive VR experiences by translating his footage of African landscapes into VR. He realized the power of VR to make viewers feel like they’re truly part of the story." HabitatXR’s VR nature experiences include one set in a misty grassland, where a rhino charges towards me. It brings back the same feeling I had when I was actually traveling through the African safari(大草原). 38 ” Psychologist Alice Chirico remarked," I believe that VR’s ability to make us feel 'really there' is what sets it apart from other media formats."
VR is more than just an engaging medium. 39 Scientists are discovering that nature experiences in VR can trigger strong emotions and encourage people to take better care of the environment. For example, VR experiences have made viewers more likely to vote for green policies or take actions to protect nature.
40 Instead, it can serve as a tool to help those without easy access to nature, offering an opportunity to experience and appreciate the environment from home. As I blinked through tears at the end of Chestnut’s story , the message was clear: humans are an inseparable part of nature.
A. It’s truly an awe-inspiring experience.
B. It can impact our attitudes and behaviors.
C. However, VR should not replace real nature.
D. Its survival was challenged by severe climate change.
E. It also makes us feel deeply connected to the natural world.
F. With VR, we can experience nature easily without the cost of travel.
G. VR allows us to experience nature in a way that feels real and immediate.
第三部分：语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节： (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。
Ever since I found my father's old camera at age ten, I've loved capturing life's moments. In this digital age, I'm particularly into shooting short videos, always on the lookout for inspiring moments.
One morning, I attended a local marathon to 41 runners. My goal was to capture their 42 moments at the finish line. However, just 150 meters before it, a touching incident 43 in front of my lens(镜头).
The leading runner in a red T-shirt suddenly 44 , clearly overwhelmed by exhaustion. Two runners 45 him, including one in a white shirt, who seemed certain to 46 victory.
But then, something incredible happened. The runner in white 47 and knelt beside the injured man. Without 48 , he helped the red-shirted runner onto his back and began carrying him toward the finish line. My camera captured their slow but steady progress—the strain(吃力) on the white-shirted runner's face, the crowd's growing 49 , and finally, their shared moment crossing the line together. The crowd erupted in cheers, louder than those for any 50 victory.
I shared the video titled The Real Winners online. Overnight, it spread 51 . People praised the selfless act, calling the pair the true champions of the race. Many noted that while medals reward speed, 52 defines true greatness.
When asked later why he 53 his own win, the white-shirted runner said, “Some moments are bigger than 54 . ”That day, I learned that the most powerful stories aren't about crossing the line first—they're about who stops to 55 others up along the way.
41. A. assist B. watch C. film D. guide
42. A. glorious B. mysterious C. testing D. interesting
43. A. rose B. ended C. erupted D. unfolded
44. A. collapsed B. returned C. panicked D. charged
45. A. stopped B. greeted C. passed D. carried
46. A. avoid B. deny C. share D. claim
47. A. showed up B. turned back C. pulled over D. looked down
48. A. hesitation B. confusion C. suspicion D. intention
49. A. laughter B. silence C. confidence D. impatience
50. A. narrow B. decisive C. collective D. individual
51. A. secretly B. slowly C. randomly D. widely
52. A. fairness B. kindness C. courage D. determination
53. A. donated B. secured C. sacrificed D. delayed
54. A. medals B. records C. reports D. photos
55. A. line B. bring C. lift D. stand
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题L5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the remote mountains of Yunnan, the echoes of the ancient Tea Horse Road can still be heard. In the small village of Niding, Qing Lao, an elderly Tibetan, recalls a time when mule-drawn caravans (车队) 56 ( transport ) bricks of pu-erh tea to Tibet. Villagers would assist weary travelers, 57( offer ) food and shelter without expectation of reward." We’re all mountain folk," Lao says, his words filled with nostalgia (怀旧).
The Tea Horse Road, 58 centuries-old trade route, once connected China’s tea- rich valleys with the Tibetan Plateau, facilitating exchanges of tea for horses and medicinal herbs. However, with the rise of modern transportation, the last caravans faded in the 1980s, never 59( journey ) or trade along these mountain trails again. Today, Yunnan, known for its cultural 60( diverse ), is working hard to preserve its heritage amid China’s rapid modernization .
Our journey led us from the 61( live ) morning markets of Lijiang,where vendors sell tea and mushrooms in a dozen dialects,62 Baoshan Shitoucheng, a stone village seemingly frozen in time. Here, Naxi-style homes stand along the banks of the Yangtze River, and 63( local ), weathered by time, tend to bubbling buckets of sorghum wine .
Further north, in Shangri-La, where tradition meets tourism, the Ganden Sumtseling Monastery stands 64 a witness to Tibetan spirituality. Yet, it is at Ganden Dongzhulin Monastery filled with the scent of incense(熏香) 65 the old world still breathes, untouched by the crowds. The Tea Horse Road may no longer thrive, but its spirit endures in these mountain villages.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
第一节 (满分15分)
你校即将举办成人仪式 (the adulthood ceremony), 为挑选最合适的成人徽章 (badge), 现向大家广泛征集意见。请给你校英语报编辑写一份邮件说明你在三款备选徽章中的选择并解释你的理由，内容包括：
你的选择；
你的理由。
Dear Editor,
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 (满分 25 分)
阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An urgent call came into Ryan’s bar this past March. A newly married woman who had spent the afternoon at the dive beach bar in Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina, couldn’t find her wallet. She didn’t care about her ID, credit cards, or $150 in cash—but her wedding ring was put inside.
Ryan,42, didn’t like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place, Ryan’s at Red Dogs. The bar had long served as a sanctuary(避难所)for the homeless, offering not only hot meals but also job opportunities. In fact, half f his current staff were former homeless individuals to whom he had given a second chance. So he set out to find the wallet.
He spent hours checking recordings from 16 different security cameras, watching the woman’s every step in the bar until she went to sit on a bench outside and left when her ride arrived. Within minutes, a young man in a jacket approached the bench, touched something in his pocket, and walked off. That night Ryan posted a video clip on the bar’s Facebook page.
Instead of exposing the young man’s face to shame him, Ryan chose to post with a question:" Does anyone know this person "
Within hours, Ryan got a text from 17-year-old Jimmy, who’d heard about the post from his sister. Jimmy admitted having taken the wallet and told Ryan he’d done it because he hadn’t eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring but thought it was fake, so he took the money and threw the wallet off the docks(码头) into the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
During their phone conversation, Jimmy opened up about his family conflicts and confessed to living in the woods for the past week. Though unable to see the young man directly, Ryan—a father of two with a third child on the way —pieced together Jimmy’s situation from his trembling voice and fragmented explanations.
" This isn’t some hardened criminal," he insisted. But with the missing ring involved, the situation had become serious: the police investigation could lead to criminal accusations. Determined to help, Ryan vowed to protect the young man who seemed more of a kid than a lawbreaker.
(1）续写词数应为150左右；
(2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
注 意 ：
Paragraph 1:
The next morning, Ryan told the teen to meet him at the docks.
Paragraph 2:
Then one of the divers emerged from the depths of the water
江西省吉安第一中学2025届高三英语保温卷（三）
参考答案
阅读理解： 21-23 DCC 24-27 ADBA 28-31 DCDB 32-35 DCBA
七选五： 36-40 GDABC
完形填空： 41-45 CADAC 46-50 DBABD 51-55 DBCAC
语法填空：
56. transported 57.offering 58.a 59.to journey 60.diversity
61.lively 62.to 63.locals 64.as 65.that
第一节:应用文写作
Dear Editor,
In light of the upcoming adulthood ceremony at our school, I’ve carefully considered the options and selected the first badge.
This badge features two students cradling(轻抱) the Earth, accompanied by the thought-provoking words," Growth means responsibility."Its symbolism is profound,reflecting the pivotal(关键的) role of responsibility as we step into adulthood. The globe symbolizes our deep connection to the world, reminding us, as young adults, of our duty to engage with and care about global issues. The depiction of students in school uniforms further underscores(强调) our journey of growth within the educational system, leading us to this moment of assuming greater duties.
This badge serves as a powerful reminder that we are no longer children but individuals equipped with the potential to make a meaningful impact. It is a perfect fit for the ceremony.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节:读后续写
The next morning,Ryan told the teen to meet him at the docks. Jimmy arrived, shoulders lowered and eyes fixed on the ground, avoiding Ryan’s gaze. To his surprise, the man handed him a wrapped sandwich ." Eat first ," Ryan said , his tone softer than expected . As Jimmy nibbled(小口咬) silently, Ryan introduced a local dive team, and declared his plan to recover that ring. Jimmy’s eyes widened—he hadn’t expected this effort. For hours, the team combed(到处搜寻) the dark waters near the docks. Each time a diver emerged with nothing but handfuls of seaweed, Jimmy’s fists clenched(攥) tighter. He mumbled(嘟囔) apologies, words dissolving into the crash of waves, but Ryan silenced him ," We won’t stop until we find it ", his voice firm yet calm.
Then one of the divers emerged from the depths of the water. In his hand was the wallet, the ring glistering faintly under the noon sun. Jimmy rubbed his eyes as if to confirm it wasn’t a dream. When Ryan informed the owner her ring was found and he would pay the $150 on Jimmy’s behalf, she was overcome with emotion. Moved by his gesture, she immediately agreed to drop the theft charges against Jimmy. Yet the matter didn’t end there. Troubled about Jimmy’s difficulty, Ryan even offered the kid a job at his bar. By sunset, Jimmy was mopping floors there, his first wage set aside to repay the stolen $150. The wedding ring sat behind the counter, awaiting its owner—a small circle of gold, shining not with wealth, but with the quiet light of grace, proving that even in the shadow of a mistake, kindness can lead the way home.
答案详解：
A篇：DCC
本文是一篇应用文，属于招生宣传类文本。文章采用介绍性语言，旨在向潜在学生展示波特兰大学（ UP ）文理学院的优势和特色，以吸引申请者。
21．信息理解题。根据文章第一段中的" A liberal arts and sciences degree provides a versatile pathway to a wide range of careers "&" creating hands - on career - building experiences out in the field "可知，文理学院为学生提供多样化的职业准备，故选 D 项。
22．信息理解题。根据 Hands - on Connections 部分的内容可知， UP 所有课程都由专业教师授课，教授会真正了解学生并提供个性化指导，这与R1大学越来越依赖研究生授课形成对比，说明 UP 能提供更个性化的学习体验，故选 C 项。
23．文章出处题。文章主要介绍了 UP 文理学院的学位项目、地理位置优势、研究机会和教学特色等，旨在吸引潜在学生，最可能出自招生宣传材料，故选 C 项（招生简章）。
B篇：28-31 ADBA
B篇：ADBA导语：本文介绍了一项最新研究，揭示了达芬奇在重力研究方面领先于时代的实验和发现，这些内容记录在他的笔记手稿《Codex Arundel》中，并强调了该手稿对科学家而言仍有巨大的探索潜力。
24.A. 文章开篇即指出达芬奇除艺术外还研究重力，接着引入“Recent research published...”表明核心是介绍一项新研究。该研究的主要发现是达芬奇进行了详细的重力实验，比伽利略早一个世纪，比牛顿早两个世纪，且其思想和计算结果惊人地超前（“far ahead of his time”, “mind-boggling”）。因此，文章的核心目的是报道（report）一项关于达芬奇鲜为人知（unknown）的科学研究的发现。正确答案是A。
25.D.“Eureka moment” 指“顿悟时刻”或“发现重大秘密的激动时刻”。定位到第三段描述：Gharib博士在查看《Codex Arundel》在线版时，被第143页一幅描绘罐子倒出颗粒形成三角形的草图吸引。他使用电脑程序翻转了三角形和附近的镜像文字。因此，这个“eureka moment”特指Gharib博士突然理解了那个三角形图示所蕴含的达芬奇进行重力实验的科学意义。正确答案是D。
26.B定位关键句在第五段：“Despite his basic experimental setup 500 years ago, da Vinci calculated the gravitational constant to an accuracy within 10 percent of the modern value:‘its mind-boggling,’Dr. Gharib said.”因此，达芬奇实验最显著的特点就是用极其简单的工具（basic setup）获得了令人惊叹的高精度（high-level accuracy）结果。正确答案是B。
27.A定位到最后一段Dr. Gharib的话：“Dr. Gharib hesitated to examine the Codex further: ‘In like a kid in a toy store, afraid to even look at it,’he said.” (体现手稿内容丰富珍贵，让他既兴奋又敬畏)“He noted that while art historians had studied it, scientists had not...”(关键句！明确指出艺术史学家研究过它，但科学家没有深入研究过)因此，从Gharib博士的话中，我们能知道的最核心信息是：《Codex Arundel》蕴含着大量尚未被科学家充分探索的科学见解。
C篇：28-31 DCDB
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过将生物特性与电子控制技术结合，科学家研发的“电子蟑螂”(cyborg cockroaches)可突破传统机器人的局限，成为灾难救援和危险环境探测的高效工具。
28. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The concept involves combining the best of both worlds: the organic cockroach body, fine-tuned across millions of years of evolution to navigate small spaces and unfriendly environments, guided to a target destination of human choosing by a few electronic pushes from a high-tech backpack.(这个概念涉及到结合两个世界的最佳元素：经过数百万年进化调整的有机蟑螂身体，能够在小空间和不友好的环境中导航，通过高科技背包中的几次电子推动，引导到人类选择的目标目的地)”可知，电子蟑螂是指装备了电子设备的蟑螂。故选D。
29. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Let’s be honest: even the most advanced robots are pretty junky when it comes to movement. There’s a level of detail to animal motion that our best auto robots haven’t even begun to crack.(说实话：即使是最先进的机器人，在移动能力方面也相当糟糕。动物运动的精细程度达到了一个我们最优秀的自动机器人甚至尚未开始破解的水平)”以及第五段“That becomes especially apparent when it comes to vertical (垂直的) navigation: many robots can easily be undone by a simple staircase. A cockroach, on the other hand, can climb walls, scale perimeters, pass through pipes, and even tolerate low-oxygen environments.(在垂直导航方面，这一点尤为明显：许多机器人很容易被一个简单的楼梯难倒。另一方面，蟑螂可以爬墙、攀爬边界、穿过管道，甚至可以忍受低氧环境)”可推知，与机器人相比，蟑螂的优势在于动物运动。故选C。
30. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“The authors hope to mount the cockroaches with sensors to guide them and these bug-bots could be used to inspect the dangerous ruins left in the wake of war and natural disaster, and even detect survivors and rescue workers in trouble. They can send back data on places unfit for humans: the narrow pipes of buildings, deep tunnels underground, and sensitive cultural heritage sites.(作者希望在这些蟑螂身上安装传感器来引导它们，这些昆虫机器人可以用来检查战争和自然灾害后留下的危险废墟，甚至可以探测到遇险的幸存者和救援人员。它们可以传回不适合人类居住的地方的数据：建筑物的狭窄管道、地下深隧道和敏感的文化遗产遗址)”可知，这些昆虫机器人可以从不适宜人类居住的地方传送信息。故选D。
31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Of course, it’s unclear how the cockroaches feel about all this.(当然，目前还不清楚蟑螂对此有何感受)”可知，作者在文章结尾处以幽默的语气调侃蟑螂对成为实验对象的感受，带有轻松诙谐的意味，体现了作者的幽默风格。故选B。
D篇：DCBA
D.文章开头通过“向外星人解释拉链如何工作”的例子，生动地展示了“解释性深度错觉”（IOED）的现象。这个例子帮助读者理解什么是IOED——人们往往高估自己对事物的理解，直到被要求详细解释时才意识到知识的浅薄。因此，该例子的目的是对文章中的IOED进行进一步的解释。
C. MIT的研究表明，当参与者被要求详细解释一项政治政策时，他们虽然意识到自己的理解不足（降低了自我评价），但并未因此改变立场，反而更加坚持原来的观点。这说明，仅仅暴露知识的浅薄（意识到无知）并不一定会让人更开放，反而可能强化原有的偏见。其他选项与研究结果不符：A项“解释促进观点改变”与研究结论相反。B项“反思加深理解”未被提及。D项“剖析细节有助于强论证”与文中“坚持原有立场”矛盾。
B. 作者在最后一段提出克服IOED的具体建议，包括：通过自我解释测试发现知识漏洞、承认不确定性、优先追求深度而非固执己见、寻求多元观点等。这些建议的核心是“质疑自己的确定性”（Question your certainty），而非隐藏无知（A项），避免解释（C项）或拒绝理性决策（D项）。
A. 全文围绕“解释性深度错觉”（IOED）展开，重点探讨人们因过度自信而掩盖无知的现象，以及如何应对。标题需概括这一核心： A项“IOED：当自信掩盖无知时”准确契合主题。B项“IOED：你可能懂得比想象中多”与文中“实际懂得更少”矛盾。C项“解释与否？三思而后行”偏离IOED的核心概念。D项“简单或复杂？当心常见问题”未提及IOED。
七选五：36-40 GDABC
G. 本空位于文章中段末句，从文章结构（总分结构）上讲，空格前提到VR能通过沉浸式叙事激发共情并促使人们行动，涵盖了文章2-4段内容，而文章最后一段则是讲述VR在体验和欣赏自然中所提供的便利性，故选择G。
D. 空格前描述穿山甲Chestnut在沙漠中蜷缩的场景，空格后提到它最终死亡。D项“它的生存受到气候变化的严峻挑战”解释了穿山甲死亡的原因（气候变化），与后文“死亡”形成因果链条，且与全文“气候灾害”主题一致。其他选项（如A项“震撼体验”）与上下文无直接关联。
A. 空格前描述VR中犀牛冲向自己的沉浸式体验，并提到“重现非洲草原旅行的感受”，空格后心理学家评价VR的独特之处。A项“这确实是令人敬畏的体验”总结前文具体描述，体现VR的震撼效果，与后文“身临其境”的评价自然衔接。G项虽相关，但“真实即时”更侧重技术特性，不如A项贴合情感表达。
B. 空格前指出VR不仅是吸引人的媒介，空格后通过科学研究说明VR如何影响环保行为（如支持绿色政策）。B项“它能影响我们的态度和行为”是后文内容的概括，且“impact”与后文“trigger emotions, encourage actions”直接对应，完美承启。
40. C. 空格前强调VR的积极作用，空格后转折指出VR应作为无法接触自然者的工具。C项“然而，VR不应取代真实自然”通过“However”转折，引出后文“工具”的定位，符合“先扬后抑”的逻辑。F项虽提到VR便利性，但未体现转折关系，与后文不匹配。
完形填空：41-45 CADAC 46-50 DBABD 51-55 DBCAC
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲的是作者从小喜欢摄影，现在喜欢拍摄短视频，在马拉松比赛中捕捉到 一个感人的瞬间： 一位领先的选手在接近终点时摔倒，另一位本可能夺冠的白衣选手放弃胜利，回头帮助他一起完成比赛。这个视频被上传到网上，获得了很多赞誉，并传达了真正的体育精神。
41.C【 解析】根据前文 “I've loved capturing life's moments. In this digital age, I’m particularly into shooting short videos” 可知作者喜欢捕捉生活瞬间，现在喜欢拍摄短视频。因此，这里指作者参加马拉松是为了拍摄选手“film” 有“拍摄”之意，符合语境。故选 C。
42.A【 解析】在马拉松比赛中，选手冲过终点线是胜利的时刻，所以作者想拍摄他们冲过终点线的光荣时刻。 “glorious” 表示 “辉煌的；光荣的”, “glorious moments” 即 “光荣时刻”, 符合在终点线的情境。故选 A。
43.D【 解析】这里指一个感人的事件在作者的镜头前发生， “unfold” 有“展开；呈现”的意思，能准确表达事件的 发生过程。故选 D。
44.A【 解析】由本句“clearly overwhelmed by exhaustion”可知领先的选手因为极度疲惫而突然倒下， “collapsed” 表示“倒下；崩溃”,符合因疲惫而倒下的情境。故选A。
45.C【 解析】前文提到领先的选手倒下了，这里应该是两个选手超过了他， “passed” 是“超过；经过”的意思， 符合逻辑。故选 C。
46.D【 解析】反超的两个运动员中穿白衣服的选手看起来能赢得胜利，“claim”有“获得；赢得”的意思，“claim victory” 是常见搭配。故选 D。
47.B【 解析】穿白衣服的选手本来超过了受伤的运动员，后面又跪在受伤的人旁边，所以应是“turned back”( 转 身)回去了。故选B。
48.A【 解析】穿白衣服的选手毫不犹豫地帮助受伤的穿红衣服的选手，这体现了他的善良。“without hesitation” 是固定短语，意为“毫不犹豫”,故选 A。
49.B【 解析】看到这样感人的一幕，人们应该都非常紧张，屏住呼吸看着两位运动员，这种安静呼应了下文“The crowd erupted in cheers”, 人群从“沉默”(silence)到爆发欢呼，形成情感对比，突出紧张与感动。故选 B。
50.D【 解析】当两人一起冲线时，人们的欢呼比任何个人的胜利的欢呼都要响亮， “individual” 表示“个人的”。 故选 D。
51.D【 解析】“spread widely” 表示“广泛传播”, 根据前文“Overnight” 以及人们对这个视频的反应可知，视频一 夜之间广泛传播，符合语境。故选 D。
52.B【 解析】穿白衣服的选手帮助他人的行为是善良的表现，因此获得了网友们的赞誉，很多人评论虽然奖牌 奖励速度，但善良才定义了真正的伟大， “kindness” 表示"善良”。故选 B。
53.C【 解析】穿白衣服的选手放弃了自己的胜利去帮助别人， “sacrificed” 表示“牺牲”,“sacrificed his own win”即 “牺牲了自己的胜利”,符合语境。故选C。
54.A【 解析】根据前文“while medals reward speed...”可知，选手参加马拉松比赛想获得奖牌。这里指有些时刻 比奖牌更重要，“medals” 表示“奖牌”。故选A。
55.C【 解析】最震撼人心的故事不是谁先冲过终点线，而是谁在途中停下来帮助别人，“lift sb. up” 有“帮助某人； 使某人振作”的意思，符合文章主旨。故选 C。“line sb.up”表示“将……排成队”;“stand sb. up”表示“放某人鸽 子”。故选 C。
56. transported 解析：根据时间状语"when mule-drawn caravans..."和回忆性语境，需用过去时。
57. (offer) → offering
解析：此处是非谓语动词作伴随状语，逻辑主语"villages"与"offer"是主动关系（村民们主动提供帮助），故用现在分词（offering）。
58.考察不定冠词，茶马古道是一条有着百年历史的贸易路线。
59. (journey) → to journey 解析："never to journey"是不定式做结果状语，如：He left home early , never to return .这里" never to return "做结果状语，表明"离开家"这一动作导致的结果是再也没有回来。
60. (diverse) → diversity** 解析：形容词性物主代词"its"后需接名词形式，cultural diversity（文化多样性）。
61. (live) → lively解析：此处修饰名词"morning markets"，需用形容词形式（lively：热闹的）。
62. ( ) → to 解析："from... to..." 是固定搭配，表示空间移动的起点和终点。
63. (local) → locals解析：谓语动词"tend"的主语需用复数名词（locals：当地居民），且后文"weathered by time"暗示复数。句意：经受岁月洗礼的**当地人**照看着冒泡的高粱酒桶。
64. ( ) → as 解析："stand as" 是固定搭配，意为"作为……的象征/见证"。松赞林寺作为藏族精神的见证矗立着。
65. ( ) → that 解析：此处是"It is... that..."强调句型，强调地点状语"at Ganden Dongzhulin Monastery"。

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