资源简介

(共190张PPT)
UNIT 1　LIFE CHOICES
必修第一册
主题语境:个人生活
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.secondary adj.　 中等教育;中级的;次要的
2.previous adj. 以前的,先前的
3.dynamic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的
4.competence n. 能力,胜任
5.chapter n. 一段时期;章节
6.apartment n. 公寓套房
7.leisure n. 空闲,闲暇,业余时间
8.engine n. 引擎
9.search engine 搜索引擎
10.laptop n. 笔记本电脑,便携式电脑
11.digital adj. 数字的,数码的
12.hardware n. (计算机)硬件
13.media n. 新闻媒体,大众传播媒介(总称)
14.social media 社交媒体
15.café n. 咖啡馆,小餐馆
16.military n. 军队,武装力量
17.certificate n. 合格证书
18.gym n. 体育馆,健身房
19.slide n. 幻灯片
20.digestion n. 消化
21.recreation n. 娱乐,消遣
22.rural adj. 农村的,乡村的,田园的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a senior high school student 一个高中生
2.campus life　　　　　 校园生活
3.a flexible work schedule 一份弹性工作日程表
4.Two plus five is seven. 二加五等于七。
5.Accidents often arise from carelessness. 事故往往由粗心引起。
6.a healthy lifestyle 一种健康的生活方式
7.chat with friends online 在网上和朋友聊天
8.surf the Internet 网上冲浪
9.have definitely clear goals 有明确清晰的目标
10.in my teen years 在我十几岁的时候
11.a digital native 一个数码族
12.the quality of teaching 教学质量
13.in the corner of the living room 在起居室的角落里
14.drag his tired feet 拖着他疲惫不堪的双脚
15.achieve a goal 达到目标
16.hit the target 射中靶子;达到目的
17.keep it updated 保持更新
18.in the meanwhile 与此同时
19.as the popular saying goes 俗话说得好
20.look ahead 向前看
21.go downtown 到市中心去
22.an expert in language learning 语言学习专家
23.have a frank talk 坦诚交谈
24.remove stress from our lives entirely完全消除我们生活中的压力
25.apply for the position as a volunteer 申请志愿者的职位
26.absolutely not 绝对不行
27.to some extent 在某种程度上
28.thus adv. 因此,因而,从而
29.ease tension by doing exercise 通过锻炼来缓解紧张
30.function correctly 正常运转
31.seek professional help 寻求专业的帮助
32.a typical day for Zhang Tian 张天平常的一天
33.the capital city of the province 该省的省会城市
34.power and water supplies 水电供给
35.go through a tough year 度过艰难的一年
36.besides prep. 除……之外
37.contact charity organisations 联系慈善组织
38.at junior level 初级水平
39.record every important moment 纪录每一个重要的时刻
40.run forward 向前奔跑
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.shift n.(工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间;改变 vi.& vt.改变观点;挪动,转移
①night shift 夜班
②cause a dramatic shift引起急剧变化
③shift some furniture挪动几件家具
2.range n.一系列;范围,界限;种,类;山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变动,变化;漫步,徘徊
vt.排列
①a range of organic products一系列有机产品
②the range of subjects taught授课学科的范围
③range trees along the road把树排列在道路两旁
3.aim n.目的,意图 vi.& vt.力求达到
　①our main aim我们的主要目标
　②aim to attract young readers为了吸引年轻读者
4.feature vt.以……为特色,是……的特征 n.特征,特点
　①his most notable feature他最明显的特征
　②The menu features roast meats.
　菜单以各种烤肉为特色。
5.flash vi.& vt.闪现,闪过;(使)闪耀,闪光;发出信号 n.照相机闪光灯;光;信号
①flash a signal发信号
②flash jewelry使珠宝闪耀
③flash through my mind在我脑海中闪过
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.stressful adj.　　　充满压力的,紧张的
　stress n. 压力;强调;紧张
　　　vt. 强调;着重
　stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
2.challenging adj. 富有挑战性的
　challenge n. 挑战;具有挑战性的事物
　　　　　vt. 向……挑战
3.differ vi. 不同,不一样,有区别
　different adj. 不同的
　difference n. 差异;不同
4.expectation n. 期待;预料,预期
　expect vt. 期待;预料,预期
　unexpected adj. 出乎意料的
　unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地,意外地
5.confidence n. 自信,信心;信赖
　confident adj. 自信的
6.pressure n. 压力
　press vi.& vt. 压,按;挤,推
7.recover vi. 恢复健康,康复
　recovery n. 康复
8.injury n. 伤,损害
　injure vt. 伤害;使受伤;损害(名誉、自尊等)
　injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的
9.unfortunately adv. 不幸地;令人遗憾地
　fortune n. 大笔的钱;运气
　fortunate adj. 幸运的;吉利的
　fortunately adv. 幸运地
10.voluntary adj. 志愿的;服务的;自愿的
　volunteer n. 志愿者
　　　vi.& vt. 自愿做;义务做
11.various adj. 各种各样的;多种(类型)的
　vary vi.& vt. (使)变化,改变
　　　vt. 各不相同
　variety n. 不同种类;多样化;变化
12.necessity n. 必需品
　necessary adj. 必需的
　necessarily adv. 必然地;不可避免地
13.convenient adj. 方便的,便利的
　convenience n. 方便,便利;便利的事物
　inconvenient adj. 不方便的
　inconvenience n. 不方便;麻烦
14.addict n. 对……着迷的人
　addicted adj. 入迷;上瘾
　addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
　addiction n. 瘾;嗜好
15.actually adv. 实际上,事实上
　actual adj. 实际的,真实的
16.distance n. 距离,间距
　distant adj. 遥远的;疏远的
17.revise vi.& vt. 复习
　revision n. 复习;修订,修改
18.suffer vi.& vt. 遭受(痛苦)
　sufferer n. 受难者;患病者
　suffering n. 痛苦;苦难;折磨
19.reduce vt. 减少;降低;缩小
　reduction n. 减少;降低
20.editor n. 编辑,主编
　edit vt. 编辑;剪辑
　edition n. 版本;版次;(报纸、杂志)一份
21.organise vt. 组织,筹划
　organised adj. 有组织的;有条理的
　organisation n. 组织;机构;团体
　organiser n. 组织者
22.graduate vi. 毕业
　　　　　 n. 毕业生
graduation n. 毕业
23.inspire vt. 鼓励,激励
　inspired adj. 品质优秀的;借助于灵感创作的
　inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
　inspiration n. 灵感;启发灵感的人/物
24.apply vi. 申请;请求
　　　　vt. 应用
　application n. 申请;应用
　applicant n. 申请人
25.eager adj. 热切的;渴望的
　eagerly adv. 渴望地
　eagerness n. 渴望;热切
26.independently adv. 独立地,自立地
　independent adj. 独立的
　independence n. 独立
27.power n. 电,电力;力量
　powerful adj. 有影响力的;强有力的
28.unstable adj. 不稳定的
　stable adj. 稳定的;牢固的;稳重的
　stability n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
29.dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
　dust n. 灰尘
30.muddy adj. 泥泞的,多泥的
　mud n. 泥,泥浆
31.responsible adj. 负责的;有责任心的
　responsibility n. 责任
　irresponsible adj. 不负责任的
32.attractive adj. 有吸引力的;好看的,美观的
　attract vt. 吸引
　attraction n. 有吸引力的事;有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)
33.laughter n. 笑;笑声
　laugh vi. 笑;发笑
34.contribution n. 贡献
　contribute vi.& vt. 捐助
　　　　　 vi. 贡献;是……的原因之一
contributor n. 捐款者;促成物
35.intend vt. 计划,打算,想要
　intention n. 目的;意图;打算
36.formal adj. 正式的,官方的
　informal adj. 非正式的
37.adapt vi.& vt. (使)适应
　adaptable adj. 有适应能力的;能适应的
　adaptive adj. 适应的;有适应能力的
　adaptation n. 适应;改编本
38.presentation n. 报告;陈述,说明
　present vt. 展示;颁发;提交
　　　　n. 目前;现在;礼物
　adj. 当前的;出现;在场;出席
39.entertainment n. 娱乐
　entertain vt. 招待;款待;使快乐;娱乐
　entertaining adj. 令人愉快的;有趣的
　entertained adj. 娱乐的;愉快的
　entertainer n. 表演者;艺人
Ⅴ.短语词块
1.tend to do sth　　易于做某事
2.get ahead 取得进步,获得成功
3.suffer from (身体或精神上) 遭受……(痛苦)
4.graduate from 从……毕业
5.give up 放弃
6.deal with 对付,应付,处理
7.be responsible for 对……负责
8.adapt to sth 适应某事
9.look forward to (doing) sth 期待,盼望
10.all sorts of 各种各样的
11.all in all 总而言之,总的来说
12.from time to time 有时;偶尔;间或
13.according to 按……所说,根据
14.in person 亲自
15.due to 因为
16.in other words 换句话说
17.as well as ……以及……
18.at the moment 此刻,目前,眼下
19.to be frank 坦白说,坦率地说
20.do a wide range of things online
在网上做各种事情
21.chat with my friends 与我的朋友聊天
22.shop for various things 购买各种物品
23.set a goal for every subject 为每门课设定目标
24.at the beginning of each term在每学期开始时
25.use any possible time 利用一切可能的时间
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”.
(主语+be+表示情绪的形容词+that从句)
我父母担心我会成为一个网迷。
2.Actually,I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes,especially because real life can be just as interesting. (do强调谓语)
事实上,我非常清楚我有时需要强迫自己不上网,特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。
3.I am always attentive in all classes and think actively,so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school.
(so that引导目的状语从句)
　我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考,这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的事情。
名词后缀-ation:①表示行为、情况、状态　②表示行为的过程、结果或由行为而产生的事物
直接加-ation expectation期待;预料,预期　presentation报告;陈述,说明　consideration考虑
relaxation松弛,缓和 transportation运输 information通知,消息
limitation限制
去掉结尾字 母e加-ation organisation组织,团体,机构　inspiration鼓舞;灵感　starvation饥饿
preparation准备　invitation邀请 conservation保存,保护 imagination想象
combination结合,联合 declaration宣言,声明 determination决定
特殊强记 explain说明,解释→explanation说明,解释;pronounce发音→pronunciation发音
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.your previous school life 你　　　　　　学校生活
2.a dynamic teacher 一位　　　　　　老师
3.move into my new apartment 搬进我的新　　　　　
4.in my leisure time 在我的　　　　　　时间
5.sit in front of my laptop 坐在我的　　　　　　前
6.a digital camera 　　　　　　相机
7.computer hardware 计算机　　　　　
以前的
Step One　写一写
充满活力的
公寓
业余
笔记本电脑
数码
硬件
8.take military action 采取　　　　　　行动
9.get a teacher's certificate 获得教师　　　　　
10.a huge gym 大型　　　　　
11.play basketball for recreation打篮球　　　　　
12.rural areas 　　　　　　地区
军事
资格证
健身房
消遣
农村
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 adj. 较高的,高级的;年长的
2.　　　　　　 n. 校园
3.　　　　　　 n. 日程表,计划表
4.　　　　　　 vi. (问题或困难)出现,发生
5.　　　　　　 n. 生活方式
6.　　　　　　 vi.& n. 闲谈,聊天
7.　　　　　　 n. 一系列;范围
senior
campus
schedule
arise
lifestyle
chat
range
8.　　　　　　 n. 质量,品质
9.　　　　　　 n. 目标,目的
10.　　　　　　 n. 目标
11.　　　　　　 adv. 与此同时
12.　　　　　　 n. 格言,谚语
13.　　　　　　 adv. 向/在城镇商业中心区
14.　　　　　　 n. 专家,行家
15.　　　　　　 adj. 坦率的,坦诚的
quality
goal
target
meanwhile
saying
downtown
expert
frank
16.　　　　　　 vt. 移走;去掉
17.　　　　　　 adv. 完全地,彻底地
18.　　　　　　 n. 职位;位置
19.　　　　　　 adv. 正是,当然
20.　　　　　　 adv. 因此,因而,从而
21.　　　　　　 n. 紧张;焦虑
22.　　　　　　 vi. 运转,工作
n. 功能
23.　　　　　　 vt. 寻求;请求
remove
entirely
position
absolutely
thus
tension
function
seek
24.　　　　　　 vt. 以……为特色,是……特征
25.　　　　　　 adj. 平常的,一贯的;典型的
26.　　　　　　 n. 供应,供给
vt. 供应
27.　　　　　　 adj. 困难的,难办的
28.　　　　　　 prep. 除……之外
29.　　　　　　 n. 联系,联络
vt. (写信,打电话)联系(某人)
30.　　　　　　 adj. 低年级的
feature
typical
supply
tough
besides
contact
junior
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 n.　　　挑战;具有挑战性的事物
vt. 向……挑战
　 　　　　　　 adj. 富有挑战性的
2.　　　　　　 vi. 不同,不一样,有区别
　　　　　　　 adj. 不同的
　　　　　　　 n. 差异;不同
challenge
challenging
differ
different
difference
3.　　　　　　 vt. 期待;预料,预期
　　　　　　　 n. 期待;预料,预期
　　　　　　　 adj. 出乎意料的
　　　　　　　 adv. 出乎意料地,意外地
4.　　　　　　 adj. 自信的
　　　　　　　 n. 自信,信心;信赖
5.　　　　　　 vi. 恢复健康,康复
　　　　　　　 n. 康复
expect
expectation
unexpected
unexpectedly
confident
confidence
recover
recovery
6.　　　　　　 vt. 伤害;使受伤;损害 (名誉、自尊等)
　　　　　　　 n. 伤,损害
　　　　　　　 adj. 受伤的;有伤的
7.　　　　　　 n. 大笔的钱;运气
　　　　　　　 adj. 幸运的;吉利的
　　　　　　　 adv. 幸运地
　　　　　　　 adv. 不幸地;令人遗憾地
injure
injury
injured
fortune
fortunate
fortunately
unfortunately
8.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. (使)变化,改变
　　　　　　　vi. 各不相同
　　　　　　　 adj. 各种各样的;多种(类型)的
　　　　　　　 n. 不同种类;多样化;变化
9.　　　　　　 adj. 必需的;必要的
　　　　　　　 n. 必需品
　　　　　　　 adv. 必然地;不可避免地
vary
various
variety
necessary
necessity
necessarily
10.　　　　　　 adj. 方便的,便利的
　　　　　　　 n. 方便,便利;便利的事物
　　　　　　　 adj. 不方便的
　　　　　　　 n. 不方便;麻烦
11.　　　　　　 adj. 遥远的;疏远的
　　　　　　　 n. 距离,间距
12.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 复习
　　　　　　　 n. 复习;修订,修改
convenient
convenience
inconvenient
inconvenience
distant
distance
revise
revision
13.　　　　　　 vt. 鼓励,激励
　　　　　　　 adj. 品质优秀的;借助于灵感创作的
　　　　　　　 adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
　　　　　　　 n. 灵感;启发灵感的人/物
14.　　　　　　 vi. 申请;请求
　　　　　　　 vt. 应用
　　　　　　　 n. 申请;应用
　　　　　　　 n. 申请人
inspire
inspired
inspiring
inspiration
apply
application
applicant
15.　　　　　　 n. 电,电力;力量
　　　　　　　 adj. 有影响力的;强有力的
16.　　　　　　 adj. 稳定的;牢固的;稳重的
　　　　　　　 adj. 不稳定的
　　　　　　　 n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
17.　　　　　　 n. 灰尘
　　　　　　　 adj. 布满灰尘的
18.　　　　　　 n. 泥,泥浆
　　　　　　　 adj. 泥泞的,多泥的
power
powerful
stable
unstable
stability
dust
dusty
mud
muddy
19.　　　　　　 adj. 负责的;有责任心的
　　　　　　　 n. 责任
　　　　　　　 adj. 不负责任的
20.　　　　　　 vt. 吸引
　　　　　　　 adj. 有吸引力的;好看的,美观的
　　　　　　　 n. 有吸引力的事;有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)
21.　　　　　　 vi. 笑;发笑
　　　　　　　 n. 笑;笑声
responsible
responsibility
irresponsible
attract
attractive
attraction
laugh
laughter
22.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 捐助
vi. 贡献;是……的原因之一
　　　　　　　 n. 贡献
　　　　　　　 n. 捐款者;促成物
23.　　　　　　 vt. 计划,打算,想要
　　　　　　　 n. 目的;意图;打算
contribute
contribution
contributor
intend
intention
24.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. (使)适应
　　　　　　　 adj. 有适应能力的;能适应的
　　　　　　　 adj. 适应的;有适应能力的
　　　　　　　 n. 适应;改编本
25. 　　　　　　vt. 展示;颁发;提交
　　　　　　　 n. 目前;现在;礼物
　 adj. 当前的;出现;在场;出席
　　　　　　　 n. 报告;陈述,说明
adapt
adaptable
adaptive
adaptation
present
presentation
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　　　 总而言之,总的来说
2.　　　　　　　　 有时;偶尔;间或
3.　　　　　　　　 按……所说,根据
4.　　　　　　　　 亲自
5.　　　　　　　　 易于做某事
6.　　　　　　　　 取得进步,获得成功
7.　　　　　　　　 放弃
8.　　　　　　　　 对付,应付,处理
9.　 　　　　　　 期待,盼望
all in all
from time to time
according to
in person
tend to do sth
get ahead
give up
deal with
look forward to (doing) sth
10.suffer from 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
11.to be frank 　　　　　　　
12.due to 　　　　　　　
13.in other words 　　　　　　　
14.graduate from 　　　　　　　
15.be responsible for 　　　　　　　
16.as well as 　　　　　　　
17.adapt to sth 　　　　　　　
(身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)
坦白说,坦率地说
因为
换句话说
从……毕业
对……负责
……以及……
适应某事
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:主语+be+表示情绪的形容词+that从句
　　 　　　　 you are coming to our city for a visit this summer vacation. (旅游)
　我很激动你今年暑假要来我们城市旅游。
2.句型公式:do强调谓语
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as soon as possible. (申请信)
　我真的希望尽快收到你的回复。
I am very excited that
I do hope to receive your reply
3.句型公式:so that引导目的状语从句
　I turned my head and held my breath 　　　 　
　　　　　　 　　　　　　. (动作描写;2021·浙江1月卷)
我转动头部,屏住呼吸,以便我能把头从南瓜里拔出来。
4.句型公式:动词-ing形式短语作状语
　　　　　 　　　　　 before returning to England,I am happy to recommend you a silk dress. (推荐信)
知道你想在回英国之前为你的母亲挑选一件中国礼物,我很高兴向你推荐一条丝绸裙子。
so that I could pull out my head
from the pumpkin
Knowing that you'd like to select a Chinese gift for your mother
5.句型公式:部分否定
　According to the above graph,it can be seen that 　　　　
　　　　　　 to learning English. (2022·全国乙卷)
根据以上图表可以看出,并非所有学生都采用同一种方法学英语。
not all of the students
adopt the same apporach
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often f　　　　　 beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars.
(2023·浙江1月卷)
2.First, a tour of our campus is s　　　　　　, during which you can enjoy the lovely view of the lake behind the main teaching building. (2021·浙江1月卷)
3.We are now s　　　　　　 with vegetables by nearby farmers.
4.We helped the old clean their houses and c　　　　　　 with them.
eatured
Step Two　练一练
cheduled
upplied
hatted
5.Many problems have a　　　　　　 since we began to use plastic bags to hold things.
6.When fat and salt are r　　　　　　 from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
7.Thousands of people crossed the border, s　　　　　　 refuge from the war.
8.It is amazing that the old clock which was bought 40 years ago is still
f　　　　　　 well.
risen
emoved
eeking
unctioning
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
1.Parents are always 　　　　　　much of their children.However,when children can't live up to their parents' 　　　　　　,both sides will be under pressure. (expect)
2.I am sorry for the 　　　　　　caused by my mistake.Is it 　　　　　　for you to pick up your parcel another time Please reply to me at your earliest 　　　　　　. (convenient)
3.He intended to make a 　　　　　　in a big city and 　　　　　　,he successfully got a job.Meanwhile,he was 　　　　　　to find a good friend.But 　　　　　 　,he lost his job one year later. (fortune)
expecting
expectations
inconvenience
convenient
convenience
fortune
fortunately
fortunate
unfortunately
4.Coming to the Tea Expo,you can have a taste of a large 　　　　　　of tea and enjoy 　　　　　　 tea art shows,　　　　　　 from making perfect cups of tea to appreciating tea sets. (vary)
5.The meaning of gestures 　　　　　　from country to country because there
are cultural 　　　　　　between 　　　　　　countries. (differ)
6.About 130 　　　　　　have 　　　　　　for the job,which means that we will have many 　　　　　　to look through tonight. (apply)
variety
various
varying
differs
differences
different
applicants
applied
applications
7.Listening to his 　　　　　　speech,we were 　　　　　　to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also 　　　　　　. (inspire)
8.The Great Wall has always been an 　　　　　 place,which,along with other tourist 　　　　　　, 　　　　　　 tourists from all over the world every year. (attract)
inspiring
inspired
inspiration
attractive
attractions
attracts
Ⅲ.短语填空
graduate from　look forward to　give up　adapt to get ahead　deal with
1.Do you think the hard-working as well as smart man is capable of
　　　　　　in just two years
2.I have been 　　　 　　　working in this international firm,so I study hard on a daily basis.
3.He 　　　　　　his seat to a pregnant woman,who was quite grateful from the bottom of her heart.
getting ahead
looking forward to
gave up
4.The young woman is accustomed to 　　　　　 all kinds of people in her job.
5.I have great difficulty 　　　　　　the surroundings in the big unfamiliar city.
6.The distinguished physicist was born in 1942 in Oxford and
　　 　　　　Oxford University.
dealing with
adapting to
graduated from
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After graduating from senior secondary school,students look forward to entering university, 1.　　　　　　 they will experience an entirely dynamic lifestyle that differs from their previous stressful as well as
2.　 　　 (challenge) high school days.
where
challenging
Students from different provinces speak various dialects,which makes it not convenient for them to communicate.Actually,many will have a tough time
3.　　　　　　(adapt) to living independently.To be frank,they tend
4.　　　　　　(face) many problems,such as what necessities to buy and how to deal with conflicts. Besides,5.　　　　　　 is often the case,college students need to decide on how to spend the leisure time. Absorbed in their
6.　　　　　　(definite) clear goals,some students don't chat online or surf the
adapting
to face
as
definitely
Internet.7.　　　　　　 (to) up to their parents' expectations,they study hard to update their knowledge eagerly,participate in a wide range of attractive activities and meanwhile,serve as volunteers to make 8.　　　　　　 (contribute) to society. Due to their efforts,they become 9.　　　　　 　(confident) than before and have competence for many positions.Just as a saying goes,“No pain,no gain.” Only by hard work can you get ahead. All in all,it is the students themselves 10.　　　　　　 are responsible for their future.
To live
contributions
more confident
who/that
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.2 熟词生义/一词多义
No.3 写作迁移
1.differ vi.不同,不一样,有区别→different adj.不同的→difference n.不同,差异
佳句背诵　
American and British English differ from each other in many small ways,but the differences make no difference to communication.(语言学习)
美式英语和英式英语在许多细微之处都有差异,但这些差异对沟通没有影响。
differ from=be different from 与……不同
make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference 不起作用,没有影响
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of
　　　　　　　 (differ) species with the aid of a mobile application.
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②I blurted out with excitement,“To be frank,it is your encouragement and assistance 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我激动地脱口而出:“坦白说,是您的鼓励和帮助对我产生了影响。”
different　
that make a difference to me
2.schedule n.日程表,计划表(timetable) vt.安排;预定
佳句背诵　
I managed to finish the project with my partner's guidance and went for the presentation on schedule,my heart pounding with excitement and tension.
(2022·浙江1月卷) 我设法在我搭档的指导下完成了项目并按时去做了报告,因为激动和紧张,我的心怦怦直跳。
on schedule　 按时
ahead of schedule=ahead of time=in advance　 提前
be scheduled to do sth 按计划要做某事
as scheduled 按照预定时间;如期
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①To promote the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, the Han Chinese Clothing Show 　　　　　　　　　 in the Art Hall of our school next Saturday.
(通知) 为了弘扬中国传统文化之美,汉服展定于下周六在我校美术馆举行。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　,you will talk about the ways of dealing with stress with the challenging college entrance examination approaching. If it is convenient for you,please contact us 　　　　　　　 .
(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) 按照安排,随着富有挑战性的高考来临,您将谈论(学生们)应对压力的方法。如果您方便的话,请提前联系我们。
is scheduled to be held
As scheduled
ahead of schedule/time
3.expectation n.期待;预料,预期 (anticipation)→expect vt.预料,期待→unexpected
adj. 出乎意料的,意外的→unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
佳句背诵　
He failed to live up to/meet his parents' expectations,making him sorry.
(心理描写)
他辜负了父母的期望,这使他很难过。
live up to/meet one's expectations 不辜负某人的期望
in expectation of...　 预料……,期待……
beyond (one's) expectations 料想不到
expect (sb) to do sth　 期望(某人)做某事
expect too much of sb　 对某人期望过高
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments 　　　　　　(expect) to take place.
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②She told Jane the school music festival was to be held the next month and that her classmates all expected her 　　　　　　(sing) on behalf of her class.
③What annoys me greatly is that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
(心理描写) 让我很苦恼的是,我的父母对我期望过高。
are expected
to sing
my parents are expecting too much of me
4.range n.一系列;范围;类,种;幅度;界限;山脉 v.(在一定范围内)变动,变化;排列;
徘徊;漫步
佳句背诵　
As you can see in the short video clip,our Spoken English Club will organise a range of activities,which range from English Speech Contests to Poetry Recitation Competitions.
正如你在这个短视频中所看到的,我们的英语口语俱乐部将组织一系列的活动,从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵比赛不等。(活动介绍;2022·天津6月卷)
a range of　　　　　　 一系列……
beyond/out of one's range 超出某人的范围
in/within the range of 在……范围之内S
range from A to B/between A and B 在A到B之间变化
beyond
in/within
which range from playing the
guitar to swimming
ranging from playing the
guitar to swimming
5.various adj.各种各样的;多种(类型)的;不同的(different,diverse)→vary v.
(使)变化;改变→variety n.不同种类;多样化;变化
佳句背诵　
Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions,because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions.(2025·八省联考) 雅各布斯认为,城市社区是了解城市功能的最佳场所,因为城市生活是通过各种互动创造和维持的。
I like reading almost every column of Youth, varying from Chinese poems to English stories. 我喜欢阅读Youth几乎所有的栏目,从中国诗歌到英语故事。
a variety of=varieties of 种种的;各种各样的
vary from...to... 由……到……不等
vary with　 随……变化
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and
　　　　　　 (vary). (2024·全国甲卷)
variety
②Our Spoken English Club regularly organises　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　to encourage us to speak English as well as
get pleasure. Besides, these activities 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(活动介绍;2022·天津6月卷)
我们的英语口语俱乐部定期组织各种有意义的活动,来鼓励我们说英语,同时获得快乐。此外,这些活动随季节而变化。
various/a variety of/varieties of
meaningful activities
vary with seasons.
6.convenient adj.方便的,便利的(handy)→convenience n.方便,便利;便利的事物
　→inconvenient adj.不方便的→inconvenience n.不方便;麻烦
佳句背诵　
Do let me know if it's convenient for you.I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply to confirm your participation.
如果您有空的话,务必告诉我。如果您能早日给我答复来确认参加,我将不胜感激。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
It is convenient for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很方便
at one's convenience 在某人方便时
for convenience 为方便起见
[点津]　convenient作表语时,不能用人作主语,可以用it或物作主语。
以练促学　单句写作
①Hearing my words, Gunter replied with the familiar smile on his face, “That's OK, just go ahead, 　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　.” (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
听到我的话,冈特脸上带着熟悉的微笑回答说:“没关系,你走吧,你可以在方便的时候付钱给我。”
②Jacobs suggests sidewalks be built 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(2025·八省联考)
雅各布斯建议人行道应该为方便老人而建。
you can pay me at your convenience　
convenient for the old
7.aim n.目的,意图;目标(purpose,intention) vt.& vi.力求达到;瞄准;目的是
→aimless adj.无目的的→aimlessly adv.无目的地
佳句背诵　
Last weekend,I took part in an event held by the Students' Union,which is aimed at educating us more about daily biology. (活动介绍;2023·浙江1月卷)
上周末,我参加了一项由学生会举办的活动,该活动旨在教给我们更多的日常生物知识。
with the aim of 有……的目的
aim at 瞄准;目的在于
be aimed at 目的是;旨在
aim to do...　 旨在做……;力求达到……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①That's why this issue of Writer's Digest aims 　　　　　　(help) you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing.
(2024·全国甲卷)
to help
②The new study 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
(2025·八省联考)
新研究的目的是探索运动对学习最有益的时间点。
③I am writing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
on how to build a “Green Beijing”.(建议信;2023·北京卷)
我写这封信的目的是为你提供一些关于如何建设“绿色北京”的切实可行的建议。
aimed to explore when exercise is best for learning　
with the aim of offering you some practical suggestions
I find my senior high school life very different from my junior high school life. First, the schedule in my senior high school differs from that in my junior high school. Moreover, there are various clubs, ranging from nature club to volunteer club. In addition, it is more convenient to look up more information because there is a large library in my senior high school. I'll have to study harder in expectation of achieving my aim of being admitted to a key university.
8.suffer vi.& vt.受苦;遭受(痛苦);经历→suffering n.痛苦;苦难;折磨→sufferer
n.患病者;受苦者;受难者
佳句背诵　
The moment I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness,my heart was burning with anxiety.I hoped that he could recover soon.
我一听说我的搭档正患重病,我心急如焚,希望他能快点康复。
(情绪描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
suffer from　 遭受……折磨;患……病
suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏/损失
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered
　　　　　　terrible back pain.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②My teacher exclaimed,“In the process of writing,you 　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　 　　　.It is 　　　　　　　　　　that make you more strong-willed.”(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我的老师感叹道:“在写作的过程中,你一定经历过失败和艰辛。苦难使你的意志更加坚强。”
from
must have suffered
defeats and hardships
the sufferings
9.apply vt.涂;敷;应用 vi.申请;请求;适用;专心致志(熟词生义:施加,实施)
→application n.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人
佳句背诵　
He fetched some creams,applied them to the skin with care and rushed to work.(动作链)
他取来一些乳霜,小心翼翼地涂在皮肤上,然后急忙去上班了。
I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team,which I think can not only help people in need but also expand my horizons.(申请信)
我写信是为了申请成为你们团队的志愿者,我认为这不仅可以帮助需要帮助的人,还可以开阔我的视野。
apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply to 适用于
apply sth to sth 把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to 致力于/集中精力于…… (to为介词)
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①He was one of the 30 　　　　　　(apply) for the manager's position,and thus,he had no confidence in himself.
applicants
②The latest engineering techniques 　　　　　　(apply) to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
③I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　that you advertised yesterday.
If I am accepted,I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.I would appreciate it 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(申请信)
我写信向您申请你们昨天登广告的那个职位。如果我被接受,我将集中精力于这项工作。如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。
are applied
am writing to apply to you for the post
will apply myself to the job
if you could take my application into consideration
10.responsible adj.负责的;有责任心的→responsibility n.责任;职责
佳句背诵　
Her spirit inspires me and millions of other girls to live an independent life and be responsible for our own decisions.
她的精神激励着我和成千上万的其他女孩们过独立的生活,并为我们自己的决定负责。
be responsible for 对……负责
take responsibility for 对……负责
It is one's responsibility to do... 做……是某人的责任
以练促学　单句写作
①We are supposed to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　
and shoulder the responsibility of protecting the environment.(倡议书)
我们应该对我们的行为负责,承担起保护环境的责任。
②As high school students,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
作为高中生,保护海洋是我们的责任。(总结句;2022·全国甲卷)
be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behaviour
it's our responsibility to protect the oceans
11.intend vt.计划;打算;想要;意指→intention n.目的;意图;打算
佳句背诵　
My parents had intended to buy a new truck but couldn't get enough money to afford it.
我的父母本打算买一辆新的卡车,但是没有足够的钱来支付它。
Eventually, this intelligent girl took exercise on a regular basis with the intention of staying healthy.
最终,这个聪明的女孩为了保持健康而定期锻炼。
intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth　 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth(=intended to have done sth) 本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
be intended for/to do sth 旨在,预定……用途;为……打算(或设计)
with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的;打算……
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①At the moment the government intends 　　　　　 　(build) a junior middle school which is intended 　　　the disabled children and many parents of children with disabilities intend their children 　　　　　　(study) here.
②为了增进我们的身心健康,我们学校组织了一场五公里越野跑比赛。(报道)
→Our school organised a five-kilometre cross-country running race
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(intend)
→Our school organised a five-kilometre cross-country running race
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(intention)
to build/building
for
to study
which was intended to improve our physical and mental health
with the intention of improving our physical and mental health
12.adapt vi.(使)适应(adjust,accommodate) vt.改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的;
能适应的→adaptation n.改编本;适应
佳句背诵　
All in all,I do hope that you can adapt yourself to the new school and ease your great pressure as soon as possible.(建议信)
总而言之,我真的希望你能尽快适应新学校并缓解巨大的压力。
adapt to 适合,适应
adapt oneself to　 使自己适应……
adapt from　 根据……改编
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①On Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team of researchers reported a new kind of 　　　　　　(adapt)—not to air or to food,but to the ocean.
②It is 　　　　　　(adapt) by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.
(2024·浙江1月卷)
③I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(求助信)
我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。
adaptation
adapted
(which is) adapted from our English text
13.get ahead取得进步,获得成功
佳句背诵　
As the popular saying goes,“Every minute counts!” Set a goal and get ahead!
(主旨升华)
常言道:“分秒必争!”设定一个目标,然后获得成功!
get across 　 (使)通过;(使)被理解; (把……)讲清楚
get over　 越过;克服
get through　 通过;接通电话;熬过(困难时期)
get away　 逃脱;离开
get along/on with 相处;进展
get down to (doing...)开始(做)……
以练促学　用get短语填空/语段训练
①But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 the language barrier.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②Learning that you have difficulty 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 (与
你的同学相处), I am writing to offer you some tips. Firstly,why not
　　　　　　　 (开始做) taking part in all sorts of interest groups so that you can find friends with similar interests Secondly,you can turn to the school adviser who can help you　 　　　　　(渡过难关).
get through
getting along/on with your classmates
get down to
get through your tough time
I intended to apply for admission to my favorite high school two years ago. During the process,I encountered numerous setbacks.After I suffered many failures, at last I made it. Now I have adapted to the life here and I have got used to being responsible for a lot more. I actively participated in class activities,joined school clubs,and volunteered for community services organized by the school. All in all, I have been getting ahead in my senior high school.
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　　　　
②“Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself,I think you have a good shot at this.”Encouraged by his words,I agreed to give it a try.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 　　　　　
n.毕业生
vt.致力于
③If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites,grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. (2023·全国甲卷) 　　　　　
④Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.(全国Ⅱ卷) 　　　　　　　
⑤And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears. 　　　　 　
vt.移开,拿开
n.射门;进球得分
vt.使陷入窘境;使沦落
C
E
2.选出range的汉语意思
③While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.(全国Ⅰ卷)
　　　　　
④The lake is situated at the eastern extremity of the mountain range.
　　　　　
⑤As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more,they're increasingly being sighted by humans.(2023·全国甲卷) 　　　　　
B
D
A
D
A
C
B
①n.信号　②n.闪光　③ vi.闪耀;闪光　④vt.使闪耀
4.根据上下文写出flash的词性和词义
课本原句:I am always attentive in all classes and think actively,so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school.
我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考,这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的事情。
以练促学　单句写作
①Full of expectations,I wandered into the farmhouse 　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　
.
我满怀期待地走进农舍,想再见到那只可爱的鸟。(动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
②To begin with,it couldn't be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at random,　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
首先,如果英语水平不同的学生能够被有意识地分在一组,而不是随机分组,那就再好不过了,这样我们就可以在练习中互相帮助。
in order to/so as to meet the lovely bird once again/so that/in order that I could meet the lovely bird once again
so that/in order
that we can help each other during our practice
2.句型公式:-ing形式短语作伴随状语
课本原句:After a long day,Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room,feeling tired.
漫长的一天过后,张天疲惫不堪,终于回到了自己的小窝。
佳句背诵　
I took out my notebook, asked Gunter's number and wrote it down hurriedly, promising I would call him back.(动作链;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我拿出笔记本,问了冈特的电话号码,赶紧记了下来,答应给他回电话。
此句中的feeling tired是动词-ing形式作伴随状语,所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生,且与句子的主语是主动关系;动词-ing形式还可作时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式状语等。
[点津]　动词-ing形式作时间状语时,有时可由连词when、while、after等引出。
This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这可能会阻碍学生的进步,因为水平高的学生可能会主导对话,几乎不会给其他学生留下什么提高的空间。
以练促学　单句写作
①He rose to his feet,crossed the room and hugged me tightly,　　　　　　 　　
他站起来,穿过房间,紧紧地抱住我,禁不住哭起来。(动作链)
②Secondly, the development of high-speed trains has greatly reduced travel time between cities, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
其次,高铁的发展大大缩短了城市之间的旅行时间,使长途旅行更快、更舒适。(科技发展;2024·全国甲卷)
③When 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I was wild with joy,
my eyes glittering with excitement.(心理描写)
当听到校长所说的话,我欣喜若狂,双眼闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
crying without control
making long distance travel faster and more comfortable
hearing what the headmaster said
3.句型公式:部分否定
课本原句:However,not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes.
但是,不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
佳句背诵　
The truth is that not everyone is attaching great importance to time management.
(建议信)
事实是并非每个人都把合理安排时间看得很重要。
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else in the world can you find more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.
也许你已经去过很多国家,但世界上没有任何地方的景色比瑞士更迷人。
句中“not everything...”为部分否定,意为“并非都……”,有时也可用“every...not...”表示。
(1)英语中的all、both、each、every、everybody、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用时,无论not位于何处,均构成部分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no、none、never、nobody、nothing、neither、no one、nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用时构成全部否定。
not all the English learning methods are beneficial to us/all the English learning methods are not beneficial to us
②I whispered to David in a soft voice,patting his shoulders gently,
“　　　　　 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　. As long as you insist on your target 　　　 　　　 　　　　. After all,　　　　　　　　　　 is as determined and brave as you.”(动作+语言描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我轻拍着他的肩膀,柔声对大卫说道:“你绝不应该放弃越野赛。只要你坚持你的目标,没人会嘲笑你。毕竟,并不是每个孩子都和你一样勇敢,一样意志坚定。”
Never should you give up the cross country run
nobody/no one will laugh at you
not every/each kid
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　核心知识运用
1.He suggested I think about the 　　　　　　　 (differ) between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters.
(2024·全国甲卷)
2.They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and 　　　　　　(convenient). (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
3.Campers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio 　　　　　　(range) from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. (2023·浙江1月卷)
difference
convenience
ranging
4.You'll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it 　　　　　　other,more annoying situations. (2023·全国甲卷)
5.The voluntary 　　　　　　　(organise) is aimed 　　　　　helping people to reduce stress.
6.According to some experts' judgement,he can 　　　　　　(definite) recover from the severe 　　　　　　(injure) in a short time.
7.Beyond our 　　　　　　(expect),the man who is senior to me by three years is not 　　　　　　　(responsibility) for his misbehavior.
to
organisation
at
definitely
injury
expectations
responsible
8.Luckily,he managed to adapt 　　　　　　his new school life and soon made new friends.
9.The sports meeting which is scheduled 　　　　　　(take) place on April 15
may be put off due to the bad weather.
10.I am absolutely 　　 　 (confidence) that he has the 　 　　　　(competent) to handle the difficult situation.
to
to take
confident
competence
维度二　单句写作
1.Tom didn't have his homework finished again 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　, with his eyes flashing with annoyance. (so that)
　汤姆又没写完作业,因此史密斯先生愤怒地大叫了一声,眼里满含愤怒。
2.Unfortunately,we got lost on a muddy mountain path.Worse still,
　　　　　 　　and we were at a loss,with eyes full of horror.
(全部否定)
　不幸的是,我们在泥泞的山路上迷路了。更糟糕的是,我们两人没带手机,不知所措,眼睛里充满了恐惧。
so that Mr Smith let out a cry of anger
neither of us took a cellphone
3.Currently, advanced new energy vehicles have entered our lives,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (动词-ing形式短语作状语;2024·全国甲卷)
　目前,先进的新能源汽车已经进入我们的生活,有助于减少空气污染。
4.It's important 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 from time to time, not
just on social media. (动词不定式作主语)
不时与朋友亲自见面是很重要的,不能只是在社交媒体上。
5.Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is 　　 　　　　 　
　　　　　　　 　. (动词不定式作表语)
生物学是我最喜欢的学科,我的目标是为获得大学生物学学位做准备。
helping reduce air pollution
to meet friends in person
to prepare myself for my
degree in biology at university
维度三　单元知识拾遗
1.Even though he was seriously hurt in the car accident,he finally
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
尽管他在交通事故中严重受伤,但最后他康复了。
2.　　　　　　　　　　　,plenty of people prefer having takeaways to cooking
at home.
为了方便,很多人喜欢吃外卖而不是在家做饭。
3.Through the Internet I can get some useful information and
　　　　　　　　　　　 as well.
通过互联网我可以得到一些有用的信息,还可以与我的朋友们聊天。
recovered from it
For convenience
chat with my friends
4.The thought 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that he could be lying.
我心中闪过一个想法:他可能在撒谎。
5.In recent years,he's witnessed so many injuries 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
近年来他目睹了太多由道路交通事故造成的伤害。
6.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 jogging does good to our health.
人们相信,慢跑有利于我们的健康。
7.I help people to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 in life with more
dignity and courage.
我帮助人们应对生活中的挑战,使他们多一些尊严和勇气。
flashed through my mind
arising from/out of road accidents
It is believed that
deal with the challenges
8.The young boy 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when he is
reading or listening.
这个小男孩在读书或听音乐时,往往会在脑海中看到一些画面。
9.Our club 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
to enrich the members' 　　　　　　　　　　.
我们俱乐部不定期举办各种活动,以丰富会员的校园生活。
10.The distinguished physicist 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1942 in Oxford
and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Oxford University.
这位杰出的物理学家1942年出生于牛津,毕业于牛津大学。
tends to see pictures in his mind
holds various activities from time to time
campus life
was born in
graduated from
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(邮件——高中生活)
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Jimmy想了解你的高中生活,请你给他写一封邮件进行介绍,内容包括:
1.你的高中日常生活;
2.你的期待。
根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①一切都好吗 我很高兴你关心我在高中的生活,我写信告诉你我日常生活的一些情况。
(主语+be+表示情绪的 adj.+that从句,senior,secondary)
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
How is everything going I'm delighted that you are concerned about my daily life in senior secondary school and I'm writing to tell you something about my daily life.
②有各种各样的课外活动和俱乐部,这可以帮助我学习和放松。 (various,非限制性定语从句)
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
③我的同学都很友好,充满活力。我们老师的教学方法很有趣,不同于我们以前的老师。 (dynamic,be different from,previous)
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
There are various after class activities and clubs, which can help me learn and relax.
My classmates are very friendly and dynamic. Our teachers' teaching methods are interesting and different from the ones of our previous teachers.
④高中的英语更有挑战性,让我感到更有压力,但在英语老师的帮助下,我一直在进步。(challenging,make复合结构,stressed,get ahead)
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
⑤我相信,如果我继续努力,我一定能学好英语。 (confident,宾语从句)
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
English in senior high school is more challenging and makes me feel more stressed,but I've been getting ahead with my English teacher's help.
I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard.
All in all,I do enjoy my life in my new school. How about you Looking forward to your early reply.
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)
Dear Jimmy,
How is everything going I'm delighted that you are concerned about my daily life in senior secondary school and I'm writing to tell you something about my daily life.
There are various after class activities and clubs, which can help me learn and relax. Besides,my classmates are very friendly and dynamic. Our teachers' teaching methods are interesting and different from the ones of our previous teachers. In addition,English in senior high school is more challenging and makes me feel more stressed,but I've been making progress with my English teacher's help. I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard.
All in all,I do enjoy my life in my new school. How about you Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单词 excitement n.　　　激动,兴奋
nervousness n. 紧张
heated adj. 激烈的
responsible adj. 负责的
eager adj. 热切的,渴望的
satisfaction n. 满意,满足
anticipation n. 预期,预料
词块 well up　　　　　　涌出,涌现
look forward to 期望;期待
speak up my mind 勇敢说出我的想法
美句 1.My heart beating fast,I didn't know which career to choose.
我的心怦怦直跳,我不知道该选择哪种职业。
2.Our responsible monitor told us that he was eager to be a doctor,with a smile on his face shining like a diamond.
我们负责任的班长脸上带着像钻石一样闪闪发光的笑容,告诉我们他渴望成为一名医生。
3.Hearing what we said,our head teacher nodded with satisfaction and her smile bloomed like a flower.
听到我们说的话,我们的班主任满意地点点头,她的微笑像花朵一样绽放。
2.场景片段训练(职业抉择的心理活动:兴奋→紧张→充满希望)
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (动词-ed短语作状语), I am recalling the scene of choosing the future career. ②　　　　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (独立主格结构),I had a heated debate with my classmates over which career path we should choose. ③　　　　　　　　　 　
(独立主格结构), I didn't know which career to choose. Our responsible monitor told us that he was eager to be a doctor,④　　　　　　　　　 　
　 　　 (with复合结构). My deskmate said he looked forward to becoming an engineer. They also encouraged me to speak up my mind bravely.
Filled with joy and excitement
Excitement mixed with a hint of
nervousness welling up inside
My heart beating fast
with a smile on his face shining like
a diamond
Their encouragement eased my tension. Hearing what we said,our head teacher nodded with satisfaction and ⑤　　　　　　　 　　　　　(比喻).
She told us to apply ourselves to studying so that we could achieve our dreams.Now, ⑥　　　　　　　　　　 (动词-ed短语作状语), I'm looking forward to my new career.
her smile bloomed like a flower
filled with anticipation
　　满怀喜悦和兴奋,我回忆起当初选择未来职业的情景。兴奋夹杂着一丝紧张在内心涌动,我和同学们就应该选择哪条职业道路进行了激烈的辩论。我的心怦怦直跳,我不知道该选择哪种职业。我们负责任的班长脸上带着像钻石一样闪闪发光的笑容,告诉我们他渴望成为一名医生。我的同桌说他期待成为一名工程师。他们还鼓励我勇敢说出我的想法。他们的鼓励减轻了我的紧张。听到我们说的话,我们的班主任满意地点点头,她的微笑像花朵一样绽放。她告诉我们要专心学习,这样才能实现我们的梦想。现在,我满怀期待,期待着我的新事业。
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷C篇)
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
To do so,I divided the book into two parts.In part one,I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy:the digital declutter.This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days,you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one,I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.In doing so,I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.You'll hear these participants' stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.In these chapters,I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use.Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
真题再做
28.What is the book aimed at
A.Teaching critical thinking skills.
B.Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C.Solving philosophical problems.
D.Promoting the use of a digital device.
√
29.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Clear-up. B.Add-on.
C.Check-in. D.Take-over.
√
30.What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A.Theoretical models.
B.Statistical methods.
C.Practical examples.
D.Historical analyses.
√
31.What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A.Use them as needed.
B.Recommend them to friends.
C.Evaluate their effects.
D.Identify the ideas behind them.
√
思维建模
综合细节理解题——概括归纳出答案
第一步 阅读题干,抓取关键。审清楚题目问的是什么,抓取关键信息,再回到原文搜索对应句子
第二步 根据信息,定位文章。在文章对应位置细读原文中的具体信息,甄别所有信息点,不遗漏内容
第三步 概括总结,得出答案。综合原文中多个信息点,概括总结后得出答案
以例示法
如28题,根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”、第二段中的“digital lives”和最后一段中的“a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle”可知,本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式,故B项正确。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
1.minimalism / m n m l z m/ n.极简主义;极简派艺术 2.foundation /fa n de ( )n/ n. 地基,基础;基本原理,根据 3.intolerable / n t l r b( )l/ adj. 无法忍受的,难耐的 4.optional / p n( )l/ adj. 可选择的,选修的 5.massive / m s v/ adj. 大而重的,结实的;非常严重的 6.encounter / n ka nt (r)/ v. 遭遇;偶遇,邂逅 n. 偶遇,邂逅 7.necessity /n ses ti/ n. 必需品,必需的事物;必要,需要 8.circumstance / s k mst ns/ n. 条件,情况,环境;境况 9.statistical /st t st k( )l/ adj. 统计的,统计学的 10.identify /a dent fa / v. 认出,识别;查明,确认 1.step away from optional online activities
远离可选择的网上活动
2.carry out your own digital declutter
实施你自己的数字清理
3.cultivate a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle
培养一种可持续的数字极简主义生活方式
4.the importance of solitude
独处的重要性
5.act on the big ideas为伟大的想法而行动
6.advocate a simple digital lifestyle
倡导简单的数字生活方式
析 长 难 语 句 The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.
[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:The goal of this book is to make...and then to teach...;介词including构成的短语作　　　　　　;第一个连词and连接
　　　　　　和　　　　　　引导的介词of的宾语从句;　　　　　　引导条件状语从句;it's right for you是　　　　　　从句。
[尝试翻译]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　
状语
what
why
if
宾语
这本书的目的是为数字极简主义提供依据,包括详细探讨它的要求和它为什么有效,然后引导你在认为这种理念适合你时如何践行它。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·郑州高三质量预测)
The public footpath lay barely 20 meters from where I stood,promising a walk along the river, passing fields and through woodland,well away from any road.Yet there was something in my way—the RiverThames, whose water runs very fast.
I checked my map to see how to reach the path,but there was no other footpath that would lead me to the island on which it sat.It was only accessible by boat.
It was this path that came to mind when,a few weeks later,I decided to try cross-country swimming,which combines water and walking.
As I got into the river—its coolness was welcome on the warm August day—the weight of my supplies dissipated.My back was free,and I simply pulled everything I needed in a bag behind me,feeling almost weightless.I relaxed into the water,my hair flowing around my face as I slowly floated alongside dragonflies,a moorhen (黑水鸡) and her chicks—none of which seemed to even acknowledge my presence.
The whole experience went by all too quickly and in no time I was drying off and walking back to the station.Though cross-country swimming was invented to provide a challenge,I believed it had given me something much more important—the confidence to try it by myself.
So I decided to return to my inaccessible island,the footpath by the Thames.I got into the waterway and swam,exploring the island's banks for a while.After 5 minutes of searching,the island let me in: I found my entrance point alongside a tree and pulled myself out.
Though the Thames loop wasn't that long a walk,and the swim was not too big a challenge,it represented more than that.It gave me the chance to pioneer a new route never open to me before,the opportunity to reach a picnic spot that otherwise would have been off limits and,when it came to that footpath,the ability to access the previously inaccessible.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次跨界游泳经历,这次经历让作者获得了独自尝试的信心。
1.What initially prevented the author from reaching the public footpath
A.Overgrown fields.
B.A thick woodland.
C.A fast-flowing river.
D.A lack of a road map.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Yet there was something in my way—the River Thames,whose water runs very fast.”可知,水流湍急的泰晤士河阻挡了作者前往公共步道。故选C项。
2.What does the underlined word “dissipated” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Spread. B.Remained.
C.Disappeared. D.Increased.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“My back was free,and I simply pulled everything I needed in a bag behind me,feeling almost weightless.”可知,当作者进入河里,作者感觉背部自由了,仅仅拉着身后包里的所有东西,几乎感觉不到重量。由此可知,作者补给品的重量消失了,故画线词与C项的意思最为接近。故选C项。
3.Which word best describes the author's cross-country swimming experience
A.Thrilling. B.Encouraging.
C.Embarrassing. D.Disappointing.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段的“Though cross-country swimming was invented to provide a challenge...the confidence to try it by myself.”可知,跨界游泳虽然具有挑战性,但让作者获得了更重要的东西,即独自尝试的信心。由此可知,这次跨界游泳经历是鼓舞人心的。故选B项。
4.What does finding the footpath to the island mean to the author
A.An escape from the real world.
B.A chance to get close to nature.
C.The mental and physical pressure.
D.A symbol of personal achievement.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It gave me the chance to pioneer a new route...the ability to access the previously inaccessible.”可知,这次经历让作者有机会开拓一条新路线,让作者有机会到达一个原本是禁止进入的野餐地点,让作者有能力进入以前无法进入的地方,这些都是个人成就的体现。由此可推知,找到通往岛屿的小路对作者来说意味着个人成就的象征。故选D项。
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测)
I didn't go to Santiago,Chile to look for friendship.In fact,Chile was not even on my wish list.
A mid-life crisis woman,I got a chance to study abroad.I only wanted to learn about global business,taste South American cuisine,and check “study abroad” off my wish list.
On the fifth day,I joined a group for a neighborhood work project aided by the anti-poverty (扶贫) organization.Our tasks were to build a water tower and paint the community center.Upon arrival,I couldn't believe my eyes.It was like a scene out of a horrible film.That moment redefined poverty for me because I had never seen such terrible living conditions.As advised,I showed no signs of the emotional battle going on inside me.
Just as I was about to start work on painting,a request came through for a few volunteers to help Nadia,a local resident who volunteered to cook for us.I raised my hand to help because I wanted to spend time with the people of the neighborhood despite my shortage of Spanish-speaking skills.
Nadia had a sincere smile but not overly friendly.Even without speaking each other's language,we started to learn about one another.We chatted about our children,our upbringing,shared pictures of our families,struggled to instruct each other to communicate in the other's language,and laughed many times.
After we fed everybody and the dishes were washed,my day was over.But I found myself hesitant to leave.It was as if I had known her for my entire life.I had not predicted the unselfishness of heart I would encounter,and it was moving.
As we were waiting for the car to pick us up,Nadia showed me her plants that were well-maintained.I could see that despite the hard conditions she was passionate about life.She made me long to be a stronger person.She showed me that poverty was external,but happiness was internal.I was seeking to give 100 percent for a well-intentioned cause,but I left receiving 200 percent from her.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去智利出国留学的过程中,发现当地街区的生活条件非常差,但作者很好地隐藏了自己的情绪,还主动和当地居民Nadia一起工作,并从Nadia身上意识到:幸福是由对生活的积极态度定义的。
5.What was the author's initial purpose of going to Chile
A.To find new friends while traveling.
B.To participate in an anti-poverty project.
C.To fulfill the desire to study abroad.
D.To gain a graduate certificate in business.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“A mid-life crisis woman,I got a chance to study abroad.”和该段最后一句中的“check'study abroad'off my wish list.”可知,作者去智利的最初目的是实现出国留学的愿望。故选C项。
6.What did the author do after seeing the living conditions in the neighborhood
A.She decided to relieve the poverty.
B.She kept her emotions well hidden.
C.She comforted the shocked volunteers.
D.She refused to continue the present task.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段内容尤其是最后一句“As advised,I showed no signs of the emotional battle going on inside me.”可知,到达社区后,作者简直不敢相信自己的眼睛,但作者没有表现出内心发生情感斗争的迹象。也就是说作者把自己的情绪很好地掩藏了起来。故选B项。
7.Why did the author volunteer to work with Nadia
A.She felt very sympathetic toward Nadia.
B.She longed to interact with the local residents.
C.She wanted to improve her Spanish-speaking skills.
D.She preferred cooking to painting the community center.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“I raised my hand to help...Spanish-speaking skills.”可知,作者举手帮忙,因为尽管作者不太会讲西班牙语,但作者想和街区的人共度时光。也就是说作者主动提出来和Nadia一起工作的原因是她想和当地居民互动。故选B项。
8.What did the author learn from Nadia
A.True friends are never apart in heart.
B.Happiness is defined by a positive attitude.
C.Language is not a barrier to great connections.
D.Unselfishness is putting others before ourselves.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She showed me that poverty was external...200 percent from her.”可知,她向作者展示了贫穷是外在的,但幸福是内在的。作者试图为一个善意的事业付出100%,但从她那里得到了200%的回报。由此推断出,作者从Nadia那里得知幸福是内在的,是由积极的态度带来的。故选B项。
(2025·济南高三模拟)
There's a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self.Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction.But what if you could meet your future self
I'm a psychologist and professor.My research over the past 15 years isn't far from this theme.I've largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves,and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions.In my research,I've learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers,which can impede us in making long-term choices.One way to bridge the emotional gap is to think of future selves in more concrete and vivid ways,like writing letters to and from one's future self,which can strengthen the connection between current and future selves.
Admittedly,having people engage in an imagined conversation is a far cry from actually meeting one's future self.But it's believed that far richer interactions may happen in the near future through artificial intelligence(AI).It wouldn't be predicting exactly what choices you'd make.It'd be more about showing your potential,based on the lives of people similar to you:not just one possible life for you,but rather,the most possible life path for you.Such interactions could offer valuable insights into our potential future selves.
So,to return to my original question: if you could time-travel to meet your future self,what aspects of your life would you want to know more about I realizⅠ.阅读单词
1.secondary adj.　 中等教育;中级的;次要的
2.previous adj. 以前的,先前的
3.dynamic adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的
4.competence n. 能力,胜任
5.chapter n. 一段时期;章节
6.apartment n. 公寓套房
7.leisure n. 空闲,闲暇,业余时间
8.engine n. 引擎
9.search engine 搜索引擎
10.laptop n. 笔记本电脑,便携式电脑
11.digital adj. 数字的,数码的
12.hardware n. (计算机)硬件
13.media n. 新闻媒体,大众传播媒介(总称)
14.social media 社交媒体
15.café n. 咖啡馆,小餐馆
16.military n. 军队,武装力量
17.certificate n. 合格证书
18.gym n. 体育馆,健身房
19.slide n. 幻灯片
20.digestion n. 消化
21.recreation n. 娱乐,消遣
22.rural adj. 农村的,乡村的,田园的
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a senior high school student 一个高中生
2.campus life　　　　　 校园生活
3.a flexible work schedule 一份弹性工作日程表
4.Two plus five is seven. 二加五等于七。
5.Accidents often arise from carelessness. 事故往往由粗心引起。
6.a healthy lifestyle 一种健康的生活方式
7.chat with friends online 在网上和朋友聊天
8.surf the Internet 网上冲浪
9.have definitely clear goals 有明确清晰的目标
10.in my teen years 在我十几岁的时候
11.a digital native 一个数码族
12.the quality of teaching 教学质量
13.in the corner of the living room 在起居室的角落里
14.drag his tired feet 拖着他疲惫不堪的双脚
15.achieve a goal 达到目标
16.hit the target 射中靶子;达到目的
17.keep it updated 保持更新
18.in the meanwhile 与此同时
19.as the popular saying goes 俗话说得好
20.look ahead 向前看
21.go downtown 到市中心去
22.an expert in language learning 语言学习专家
23.have a frank talk 坦诚交谈
24.remove stress from our lives entirely 完全消除我们生活中的压力
25.apply for the position as a volunteer 申请志愿者的职位
26.absolutely not 绝对不行
27.to some extent 在某种程度上
28.thus adv. 因此,因而,从而
29.ease tension by doing exercise 通过锻炼来缓解紧张
30.function correctly 正常运转
31.seek professional help 寻求专业的帮助
32.a typical day for Zhang Tian 张天平常的一天
33.the capital city of the provinc e该省的省会城市
34.power and water supplies 水电供给
35.go through a tough year 度过艰难的一年
36.besides prep. 除……之外
37.contact charity organisations 联系慈善组织
38.at junior level 初级水平
39.record every important moment 纪录每一个重要的时刻
40.run forward 向前奔跑
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.shift n.(工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间;改变 vi.& vt.改变观点;挪动,转移
①night shift 夜班
②cause a dramatic shift引起急剧变化
③shift some furniture挪动几件家具
2.range n.一系列;范围,界限;种,类;山脉 vi.(在一定范围内)变动,变化;漫步,徘徊vt.排列
①a range of organic products一系列有机产品
②the range of subjects taught
授课学科的范围
③range trees along the road
把树排列在道路两旁
3.aim n.目的,意图 vi.& vt.力求达到
①our main aim我们的主要目标
②aim to attract young readers
为了吸引年轻读者
4.feature vt.以……为特色,是……的特征 n.特征,特点
①his most notable feature他最明显的特征
②The menu features roast meats.
菜单以各种烤肉为特色。
5.flash vi.& vt.闪现,闪过;(使)闪耀,闪光;发出信号 n.照相机闪光灯;光;信号
①flash a signal发信号
②flash jewelry使珠宝闪耀
③flash through my mind在我脑海中闪过
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.stressful adj. 充满压力的,紧张的
stress n. 压力;强调;紧张
vt. 强调;着重
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的
2.challenging adj. 富有挑战性的
challenge n. 挑战;具有挑战性的事物
vt. 向……挑战
3.differ vi. 不同,不一样,有区别
different adj. 不同的
difference n. 差异;不同
4.expectation n. 期待;预料,预期
expect vt. 期待;预料,预期
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的
unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地,意外地
5.confidence n. 自信,信心;信赖
confident adj. 自信的
6.pressure n. 压力
press vi.& vt. 压,按;挤,推
7.recover vi. 恢复健康,康复
recovery n. 康复
8.injury n. 伤,损害
injure vt. 伤害;使受伤;损害(名誉、自尊等)
injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的
9.unfortunately adv. 不幸地;令人遗憾地
fortune n. 大笔的钱;运气
fortunate adj. 幸运的;吉利的
fortunately adv. 幸运地
10.voluntary adj. 志愿的;服务的;自愿的
volunteer n. 志愿者
vi.& vt. 自愿做;义务做
11.various adj. 各种各样的;多种(类型)的
vary vi.& vt. (使)变化,改变
vt. 各不相同
variety n. 不同种类;多样化;变化
12.necessity n. 必需品
necessary adj. 必需的
necessarily adv. 必然地;不可避免地
13.convenient adj. 方便的,便利的
convenience n. 方便,便利;便利的事物
inconvenient adj. 不方便的
inconvenience n. 不方便;麻烦
14.addict n. 对……着迷的人
addicted adj. 入迷;上瘾
addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
addiction n. 瘾;嗜好
15.actually adv. 实际上,事实上
actual adj. 实际的,真实的
16.distance n. 距离,间距
distant adj. 遥远的;疏远的
17.revise vi.& vt. 复习
revision n. 复习;修订,修改
18.suffer vi.& vt. 遭受(痛苦)
sufferer n. 受难者;患病者
suffering n. 痛苦;苦难;折磨
19.reduce vt. 减少;降低;缩小
reduction n. 减少;降低
20.editor n. 编辑,主编
edit vt. 编辑;剪辑
edition n. 版本;版次;(报纸、杂志)一份
21.organise vt. 组织,筹划
organised adj. 有组织的;有条理的
organisation n. 组织;机构;团体
organiser n. 组织者
22.graduate vi. 毕业
n. 毕业生
graduation n. 毕业
23.inspire vt. 鼓励,激励
inspired adj. 品质优秀的;借助于灵感创作的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
inspiration n. 灵感;启发灵感的人/物
24.apply vi. 申请;请求
vt. 应用
application n. 申请;应用
applicant n. 申请人
25.eager adj. 热切的;渴望的
eagerly adv. 渴望地
eagerness n. 渴望;热切
26.independently adv. 独立地,自立地
independent adj. 独立的
independence n. 独立
27.power n. 电,电力;力量
powerful adj. 有影响力的;强有力的
28.unstable adj. 不稳定的
stable adj. 稳定的;牢固的;稳重的
stability n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
29.dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
dust n. 灰尘
30.muddy adj. 泥泞的,多泥的
mud n. 泥,泥浆
31.responsible adj. 负责的;有责任心的
responsibility n. 责任
irresponsible adj. 不负责任的
32.attractive adj. 有吸引力的;好看的,美观的
attract vt. 吸引
attraction n. 有吸引力的事;有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)
33.laughter n. 笑;笑声
laugh vi. 笑;发笑
34.contribution n. 贡献
contribute vi.& vt. 捐助
vi. 贡献;是……的原因之一
contributor n. 捐款者;促成物
35.intend vt. 计划,打算,想要
intention n. 目的;意图;打算
36.formal adj. 正式的,官方的
informal adj. 非正式的
37.adapt vi.& vt. (使)适应
adaptable adj. 有适应能力的;能适应的
adaptive adj. 适应的;有适应能力的
adaptation n. 适应;改编本
38.presentation n. 报告;陈述,说明
present vt. 展示;颁发;提交
n. 目前;现在;礼物
adj. 当前的;出现;在场;出席
39.entertainment n. 娱乐
entertain vt. 招待;款待;使快乐;娱乐
entertaining adj. 令人愉快的;有趣的
entertained adj. 娱乐的;愉快的
entertainer n. 表演者;艺人
Ⅴ.短语词块
1.tend to do sth 易于做某事
2.get ahead 取得进步,获得成功
3.suffer from (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)
4.graduate from 从……毕业
5.give up 放弃
6.deal with 对付,应付,处理
7.be responsible for 对……负责
8.adapt to sth 适应某事
9.look forward to (doing) sth 期待,盼望
10.all sorts of 各种各样的
11.all in all 总而言之,总的来说
12.from time to time 有时;偶尔;间或
13.according to 按……所说,根据
14.in person 亲自
15.due to 因为
16.in other words 换句话说
17.as well as ……以及……
18.at the moment 此刻,目前,眼下
19.to be frank 坦白说,坦率地说
20.do a wide range of things online 在网上做各种事情
21.chat with my friends 与我的朋友聊天
22.shop for various things 购买各种物品
23.set a goal for every subject 为每门课设定目标
24.at the beginning of each term 在每学期开始时
25.use any possible time利用一切可能的时间
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”. (主语+be+表示情绪的形容词+that从句)
我父母担心我会成为一个网迷。
2.Actually,I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes,especially because real life can be just as interesting. (do强调谓语)
事实上,我非常清楚我有时需要强迫自己不上网,特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。
3.I am always attentive in all classes and think actively,so that I can have more free time to do other things that I’m interested in after school. (so that引导目的状语从句)
我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考,这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的事情。
4.After a long day,Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room, feeling tired. (动词 ing形式短语作伴随状语)
漫长的一天过后,张天疲惫不堪,终于回到了自己的小窝。
5.However,not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes. (部分否定)
但是,不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
6.It is not surprising that PE is the kids’ favourite subject! (it作形式主语)
体育是孩子们最喜欢的科目是不足为奇的!
7.What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read,speak and write in English, and they became more confident in learning. (主语从句;表语从句;make复合结构)
让他感到欣慰的是他的学生能够读英语、说英语和写英语,并且在学习上变得更自信。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀 ation:①表示行为、情况、状态　②表示行为的过程、结果或由行为而产生的事物
直接加 ation expectation期待;预料,预期presentation报告;陈述,说明consideration考虑 relaxation松弛,缓和 transportation运输 information通知,消息 limitation限制
去掉结尾字 母e加 ation organisation组织,团体,机构inspiration鼓舞;灵感　starvation饥饿 preparation准备　invitation邀请 conservation保存,保护 imagination想象 combination结合,联合 declaration宣言,声明 determination决定
特殊强记 explain说明,解释→explanation说明,解释;pronounce发音→pronunciation发音
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.your previous school life 你以前的学校生活
2.a dynamic teacher 一位充满活力的老师
3.move into my new apartment 搬进我的新公寓
4.in my leisure time 在我的业余时间
5.sit in front of my laptop 坐在我的笔记本电脑前
6.a digital camera 数码相机
7.computer hardware 计算机硬件
8.take military action 采取军事行动
9.get a teacher’s certificate 获得教师资格证
10.a huge gym 大型健身房
11.play basketball for recreation 打篮球消遣
12.rural areas 农村地区
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.senior adj. 较高的,高级的;年长的
2.campus n. 校园
3.schedule n. 日程表,计划表
4.arise vi. (问题或困难)出现,发生
5.lifestyle n. 生活方式
6.chat vi.& n. 闲谈,聊天
7.range n. 一系列;范围
8.quality n. 质量,品质
9.goal n. 目标,目的
10.target n. 目标
11.meanwhile adv. 与此同时
12.saying n. 格言,谚语
13.downtown adv. 向/在城镇商业中心区
14.expert n. 专家,行家
15.frank adj. 坦率的,坦诚的
16.remove vt. 移走;去掉
17.entirely adv. 完全地,彻底地
18.position n. 职位;位置
19.absolutely adv. 正是,当然
20.thus adv. 因此,因而,从而
21.tension n. 紧张;焦虑
22.function vi. 运转,工作
n. 功能
23.seek vt. 寻求;请求
24.feature vt. 以……为特色,是……的特征
25.typical adj. 平常的,一贯的;典型的
26.supply n. 供应,供给
vt. 供应
27.tough adj. 困难的,难办的
28.besides prep. 除……之外
29.contact n. 联系,联络
vt. (写信,打电话)联系(某人)
30.junior adj. 低年级的
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.challenge n. 挑战;具有挑战性的事物
vt. 向……挑战
challenging adj. 富有挑战性的
2.differ vi. 不同,不一样,有区别
different adj. 不同的
difference n. 差异;不同
3.expect vt. 期待;预料,预期
expectation n. 期待;预料,预期
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的
unexpectedly adv. 出乎意料地,意外地
4.confident adj. 自信的
confidence n. 自信,信心;信赖
5.recover vi. 恢复健康,康复
recovery n. 康复
6.injure vt. 伤害;使受伤;损害(名誉、自尊等)
injury n. 伤,损害
injured adj. 受伤的;有伤的
7.fortune n. 大笔的钱;运气
fortunate adj. 幸运的;吉利的
fortunately adv. 幸运地
unfortunately adv. 不幸地;令人遗憾地
8.vary vi.& vt. (使)变化,改变
vi. 各不相同
various adj. 各种各样的;多种(类型)的
variety n. 不同种类;多样化;变化
9.necessary adj. 必需的;必要的
necessity n. 必需品
necessarily adv. 必然地;不可避免地
10.convenient adj. 方便的,便利的
convenience n. 方便,便利;便利的事物
inconvenient adj. 不方便的
inconvenience n. 不方便;麻烦
11.distant adj. 遥远的;疏远的
distance n. 距离,间距
12.revise vi.& vt. 复习
revision n. 复习;修订,修改
13.inspire vt. 鼓励,激励
inspired adj. 品质优秀的;借助于灵感创作的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
inspiration n. 灵感;启发灵感的人/物
14.apply vi. 申请;请求
vt. 应用
application n. 申请;应用
applicant n. 申请人
15.power n. 电,电力;力量
powerful adj. 有影响力的;强有力的
16.stable adj. 稳定的;牢固的;稳重的
unstable adj. 不稳定的
stability n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
17.dust n. 灰尘
dusty adj. 布满灰尘的
18.mud n. 泥,泥浆
muddy adj. 泥泞的,多泥的
19.responsible adj. 负责的;有责任心的
responsibility n. 责任
irresponsible adj. 不负责任的
20.attract vt. 吸引
attractive adj. 有吸引力的;好看的,美观的
attraction n. 有吸引力的事;有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)
21.laugh vi. 笑;发笑
laughter n. 笑;笑声
22.contribute vi.& vt. 捐助
vi. 贡献;是……的原因之一
contribution n. 贡献
contributor n. 捐款者;促成物
23.intend vt. 计划,打算,想要
intention n. 目的;意图;打算
24.adapt vi.& vt. (使)适应
adaptable adj. 有适应能力的;能适应的
adaptive adj. 适应的;有适应能力的
adaptation n. 适应;改编本
25. present vt. 展示;颁发;提交
n. 目前;现在;礼物
adj. 当前的;出现;在场;出席
presentation n. 报告;陈述,说明
Ⅳ.短语互译
1.all in all　　 总而言之,总的来说
2.from time to time 有时;偶尔;间或
3.according to 按……所说,根据
4.in person 亲自
5.tend to do sth 易于做某事
6.get ahead 取得进步,获得成功
7.give up 放弃
8.deal with 对付,应付,处理
9.look forward to (doing) sth 期待,盼望
10.suffer from (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)
11.to be frank 坦白说,坦率地说
12.due to 因为
13.in other words 换句话说
14.graduate from 从……毕业
15.be responsible for 对……负责
16.as well as ……以及……
17.adapt to sth 适应某事
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:主语+be+表示情绪的形容词+that从句
I am very excited that you are coming to our city for a visit this summer vacation. (旅游)
我很激动你今年暑假要来我们城市旅游。
2.句型公式:do强调谓语
I do hope to receive your reply as soon as possible. (申请信)
我真的希望尽快收到你的回复。
3.句型公式:so that引导目的状语从句
I turned my head and held my breath so that I could pull out my head from the pumpkin.
(动作描写;2021·浙江1月卷)
我转动头部,屏住呼吸,以便我能把头从南瓜里拔出来。
4.句型公式:动词 ing形式短语作状语
Knowing that you’d like to select a Chinese gift for your mother before returning to England,I am happy to recommend you a silk dress. (推荐信)
知道你想在回英国之前为你的母亲挑选一件中国礼物,我很高兴向你推荐一条丝绸裙子。
5.句型公式:部分否定
According to the above graph,it can be seen that not all of the students adopt the same apporach to learning English. (2022·全国乙卷)
根据以上图表可以看出,并非所有学生都采用同一种方法学英语。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.The large siheyuan of these high ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often featured beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars. (2023·浙江1月卷)
2.First, a tour of our campus is scheduled, during which you can enjoy the lovely view of the lake behind the main teaching building. (2021·浙江1月卷)
3.We are now supplied with vegetables by nearby farmers.
4.We helped the old clean their houses and chatted with them.
5.Many problems have arisen since we began to use plastic bags to hold things.
6.When fat and salt are removed from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
7.Thousands of people crossed the border, seeking refuge from the war.
8.It is amazing that the old clock which was bought 40 years ago is still functioning well.Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
1.Parents are always expecting much of their children.However,when children can’t live up to their parents’ expectations,both sides will be under pressure. (expect)
2.I am sorry for the inconvenience caused by my mistake.Is it convenient for you to pick up your parcel another time Please reply to me at your earliest convenience. (convenient)
3.He intended to make a fortune in a big city and fortunately,he successfully got a job.Meanwhile,he was fortunate to find a good friend.But unfortunately,he lost his job one year later. (fortune)
4.Coming to the Tea Expo,you can have a taste of a large variety of tea and enjoy various tea art shows,varying from making perfect cups of tea to appreciating tea sets. (vary)
5.The meaning of gestures differs from country to country because there are cultural differences between different countries. (differ)
6.About 130 applicants have applied for the job,which means that we will have many applications to look through tonight. (apply)
7.Listening to his inspiring speech,we were inspired to make great efforts.It gave us not only hope but also inspiration. (inspire)
8.The Great Wall has always been an attractive place,which,along with other tourist attractions,attracts tourists from all over the world every year. (attract)
Ⅲ.短语填空
(
graduate from
　
look forward to
　
give up
adapt to
get ahead
deal with
)
1.Do you think the hard working as well as smart man is capable of getting ahead in just two years
2.I have been looking forward to working in this international firm,so I study hard on a daily basis.
3.He gave up his seat to a pregnant woman,who was quite grateful from the bottom of her heart.
4.The young woman is accustomed to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.
5.I have great difficulty adapting to the surroundings in the big unfamiliar city.
6.The distinguished physicist was born in 1942 in Oxford and graduated from Oxford University.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After graduating from senior secondary school,students look forward to entering university, 1.where they will experience an entirely dynamic lifestyle that differs from their previous stressful as well as 2.challenging (challenge) high school days.
Students from different provinces speak various dialects,which makes it not convenient for them to communicate.Actually,many will have a tough time 3.adapting(adapt) to living independently.To be frank,they tend 4.to face(face) many problems,such as what necessities to buy and how to deal with conflicts. Besides,5.as is often the case,college students need to decide on how to spend the leisure time. Absorbed in their 6.definitely(definite) clear goals,some students don’t chat online or surf the Internet.7.To live (to) up to their parents’ expectations,they study hard to update their knowledge eagerly,participate in a wide range of attractive activities and meanwhile,serve as volunteers to make 8.contributions (contribute) to society. Due to their efforts,they become 9.more confident(confident) than before and have competence for many positions.Just as a saying goes,“No pain,no gain.” Only by hard work can you get ahead. All in all,it is the students themselves 10.who/that are responsible for their future.
1.differ vi.不同,不一样,有区别→different adj.不同的→difference n.不同,差异
佳句背诵　
American and British English differ from each other in many small ways,but the differences make no difference to communication.(语言学习)
美式英语和英式英语在许多细微之处都有差异,但这些差异对沟通没有影响。
differ from=be different from 与……不同
make a difference to 对……起作用/产生影响
make no difference 不起作用,没有影响
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different (differ) species with the aid of a mobile application.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②I blurted out with excitement,“To be frank,it is your encouragement and assistance that make a difference to me.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我激动地脱口而出:“坦白说,是您的鼓励和帮助对我产生了影响。”
2.schedule n.日程表,计划表(timetable) vt.安排;预定
佳句背诵　
I managed to finish the project with my partner’s guidance and went for the presentation on schedule,my heart pounding with excitement and tension.(2022·浙江1月卷)
我设法在我搭档的指导下完成了项目并按时去做了报告,因为激动和紧张,我的心怦怦直跳。
on schedule　 按时
ahead of schedule=ahead of time=in advance　 提前
be scheduled to do sth 按计划要做某事
as scheduled 按照预定时间;如期
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①To promote the beauty of traditional Chinese culture, the Han Chinese Clothing Show is scheduled to be held in the Art Hall of our school next Saturday. (通知)
为了弘扬中国传统文化之美,汉服展定于下周六在我校美术馆举行。
②As scheduled,you will talk about the ways of dealing with stress with the challenging college entrance examination approaching. If it is convenient for you,please contact us ahead of schedule/time.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
按照安排,随着富有挑战性的高考来临,您将谈论(学生们)应对压力的方法。如果您方便的话,请提前联系我们。
3.expectation n.期待;预料,预期 (anticipation)→expect vt.预料,期待→unexpected adj.
出乎意料的,意外的→unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
佳句背诵　
He failed to live up to/meet his parents’ expectations,making him sorry.(心理描写)
他辜负了父母的期望,这使他很难过。
live up to/meet one’s expectations 不辜负某人的期望
in expectation of...　 预料……,期待……
beyond (one’s) expectations料想不到
expect (sb) to do sth　 期望(某人)做某事
expect too much of sb　 对某人期望过高
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①This is why Campbell has set out to raise awareness of AI and its future now—several decades
before these developments are expected (expect) to take place. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②She told Jane the school music festival was to be held the next month and that her classmates all expected her to sing(sing) on behalf of her class.
③What annoys me greatly is that my parents are expecting too much of me. (心理描写)
让我很苦恼的是,我的父母对我期望过高。
4.range n.一系列;范围;类,种;幅度;界限;山脉 v.(在一定范围内)变动,变化;排列;徘徊;漫步
佳句背诵　
As you can see in the short video clip,our Spoken English Club will organise a range of activities,which range from English Speech Contests to Poetry Recitation Competitions.
正如你在这个短视频中所看到的,我们的英语口语俱乐部将组织一系列的活动,从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵比赛不等。(活动介绍;2022·天津6月卷)
a range of　 一系列……
beyond/out of one’s range 超出某人的范围
in/within the range of 在……范围之内
range from A to B/between A and B 在A到B之间变化
以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级
①We were sort of disappointed to find that the price of the quality camera was beyond our range. In other words,we had to choose one in/within the range of us.
②Besides,I have a wide range of hobbies.They range from playing the guitar to swimming. (申请信)
→Besides,I have a wide range of hobbies,which range from playing the guitar to swimming. (定语从句)
→Besides,I have a wide range of hobbies,ranging from playing the guitar to swimming.
(分词短语作状语)
5.various adj.各种各样的;多种(类型)的;不同的(different,diverse)→vary v.(使)变化;改变→variety n.不同种类;多样化;变化
佳句背诵　
Jacobs argues that urban communities are best placed to understand how their city functions,because city life is created and sustained through their various interactions.(2025·八省联考)
雅各布斯认为,城市社区是了解城市功能的最佳场所,因为城市生活是通过各种互动创造和维持的。
I like reading almost every column of Youth, varying from Chinese poems to English stories.
我喜欢阅读Youth几乎所有的栏目,从中国诗歌到英语故事。
a variety of=varieties of 种种的;各种各样的
vary from...to...　 由……到……不等
vary with　 随……变化
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety(vary). (2024·全国甲卷)
②Our Spoken English Club regularly organises various/a variety of/varieties of meaningful activities to encourage us to speak English as well as get pleasure. Besides, these activities vary with seasons.(活动介绍;2022·天津6月卷)
我们的英语口语俱乐部定期组织各种有意义的活动,来鼓励我们说英语,同时获得快乐。此外,这些活动随季节而变化。
6.convenient adj.方便的,便利的(handy)→convenience n.方便,便利;便利的事物→inconvenient adj.不方便的→inconvenience n.不方便;麻烦
佳句背诵　
Do let me know if it’s convenient for you.I would appreciate it if you could give me an early reply to confirm your participation.
如果您有空的话,务必告诉我。如果您能早日给我答复来确认参加,我将不胜感激。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
It is convenient for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事很方便
at one’s convenience　 在某人方便时
for convenience　 为方便起见
[点津]　convenient作表语时,不能用人作主语,可以用it或物作主语。
以练促学　单句写作
①Hearing my words, Gunter replied with the familiar smile on his face, “That’s OK, just go ahead, you can pay me at your convenience.”(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
听到我的话,冈特脸上带着熟悉的微笑回答说:“没关系,你走吧,你可以在方便的时候付钱给我。”
②Jacobs suggests sidewalks be built convenient for the old.(2025·八省联考)
雅各布斯建议人行道应该为方便老人而建。
7.aim n.目的,意图;目标(purpose,intention) vt.& vi.力求达到;瞄准;目的是→aimless
adj.无目的的→aimlessly adv.无目的地
佳句背诵　
Last weekend,I took part in an event held by the Students’ Union,which is aimed at educating us more about daily biology. (活动介绍;2023·浙江1月卷)
上周末,我参加了一项由学生会举办的活动,该活动旨在教给我们更多的日常生物知识。
with the aim of 有……的目的
aim at 瞄准;目的在于
be aimed at 目的是;旨在
aim to do...　 旨在做……;力求达到……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①That’s why this issue of Writer’s Digest aims to help(help) you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.(2024·全国甲卷)
②The new study aimed to explore when exercise is best for learning.(2025·八省联考)
新研究的目的是探索运动对学习最有益的时间点。
③I am writing with the aim of offering you some practical suggestions on how to build a “Green Beijing”.(建议信;2023·北京卷)
我写这封信的目的是为你提供一些关于如何建设“绿色北京”的切实可行的建议。
片段巩固 用differ;schedule;expectation;range;various;convenient;aim完成有关高中新生活的片段
写作提示:高中生活不同于初中生活→时刻表不同→有各种俱乐部→方便查找信息→期望实现被重点大学录取的目标
　　I find my senior high school life very different from my junior high school life. First, the schedule in my senior high school differs from that in my junior high school. Moreover, there are various clubs, ranging from nature club to volunteer club. In addition, it is more convenient to look up more information because there is a large library in my senior high school. I’ll have to study harder in expectation of achieving my aim of being admitted to a key university.
8.suffer vi.& vt.受苦;遭受(痛苦);经历→suffering n.痛苦;苦难;折磨→sufferer
n.患病者;受苦者;受难者
佳句背诵　
The moment I heard that my partner was suffering from a serious illness,my heart was burning with anxiety.I hoped that he could recover soon.
我一听说我的搭档正患重病,我心急如焚,希望他能快点康复。(情绪描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
suffer from　 遭受……折磨;患……病
suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏/损失
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②My teacher exclaimed,“In the process of writing,you must have suffered defeats and hardships.It is the sufferings that make you more strong willed.”(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我的老师感叹道:“在写作的过程中,你一定经历过失败和艰辛。苦难使你的意志更加坚强。”
9.apply vt.涂;敷;应用 vi.申请;请求;适用;专心致志(熟词生义:施加,实施)→application
n.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人
佳句背诵　
He fetched some creams,applied them to the skin with care and rushed to work.(动作链)
他取来一些乳霜,小心翼翼地涂在皮肤上,然后急忙去上班了。
I’m writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team,which I think can not only help people in need but also expand my horizons.(申请信)
我写信是为了申请成为你们团队的志愿者,我认为这不仅可以帮助需要帮助的人,还可以开阔我的视野。
apply (to sb) for sth (向某人)申请某物
apply to do sth 申请/请求做某事
apply to 适用于
apply sth to sth 把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply oneself to 致力于/集中精力于…… (to为介词)
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①He was one of the 30 applicants(apply) for the manager’s position,and thus,he had no confidence in himself.
②The latest engineering techniques are applied(apply) to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
③I am writing to apply to you for the post that you advertised yesterday.If I am accepted,I will apply myself to the job.I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.(申请信)　我写信向您申请你们昨天登广告的那个职位。如果我被接受,我将集中精力于这项工作。如果您能考虑我的申请,我将不胜感激。
10.responsible adj.负责的;有责任心的→responsibility n.责任;职责
佳句背诵　
Her spirit inspires me and millions of other girls to live an independent life and be responsible for our own decisions.
她的精神激励着我和成千上万的其他女孩们过独立的生活,并为我们自己的决定负责。
be responsible for 对……负责
take responsibility for 对……负责
It is one’s responsibility to do... 做……是某人的责任
以练促学　单句写作
①We are supposed to be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behaviour and shoulder the responsibility of protecting the environment.(倡议书)
我们应该对我们的行为负责,承担起保护环境的责任。
②As high school students,it’s our responsibility to protect the oceans.(总结句;2022·全国甲卷)
作为高中生,保护海洋是我们的责任。
11.intend vt.计划;打算;想要;意指→intention n.目的;意图;打算
佳句背诵　
My parents had intended to buy a new truck but couldn’t get enough money to afford it.
我的父母本打算买一辆新的卡车,但是没有足够的钱来支付它。
Eventually, this intelligent girl took exercise on a regular basis with the intention of staying healthy.
最终,这个聪明的女孩为了保持健康而定期锻炼。
intend to do/doing sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do sth(=intended to have done sth) 本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
be intended for/to do sth 旨在,预定……用途;为……打算(或设计)
with an/the intention of 抱有……的目的;打算……
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①At the moment the government intends to build/building(build) a junior middle school which is intended for the disabled children and many parents of children with disabilities intend their children to study(study) here.
②为了增进我们的身心健康,我们学校组织了一场五公里越野跑比赛。(报道)
→Our school organised a five kilometre cross country running race which was intended to improve our physical and mental health.(intend)
→Our school organised a five kilometre cross country running race with the intention of improving our physical and mental health.(intention)
12.adapt vi.(使)适应(adjust,accommodate) vt.改编→adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的→adaptation n.改编本;适应
佳句背诵　
All in all,I do hope that you can adapt yourself to the new school and ease your great pressure as soon as possible.(建议信)
总而言之,我真的希望你能尽快适应新学校并缓解巨大的压力。
adapt to 适合,适应
adapt oneself to　 使自己适应……
adapt from　 根据……改编
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①On Thursday in an article published in Cell,a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation(adapt)—not to air or to food,but to the ocean.
②It is adapted(adapt) by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(2024·浙江1月卷)
③I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short play (which is) adapted from our English text.(求助信)
我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助,该短剧改编自我们的英语课文。
13.get ahead取得进步,获得成功
佳句背诵　
As the popular saying goes,“Every minute counts!” Set a goal and get ahead!(主旨升华)
常言道:“分秒必争!”设定一个目标,然后获得成功!
get across 　 (使)通过;(使)被理解; (把……)讲清楚
get over　 越过;克服
get through　 通过;接通电话;熬过(困难时期)
get away　 逃脱;离开
get along/on with 相处;进展
get down to (doing...) 开始(做)……
以练促学　用get短语填空/语段训练
①But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and praised my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②Learning that you have difficulty getting along/on with your classmates(与你的同学相处),I am writing to offer you some tips. Firstly,why not get down to (开始做) taking part in all sorts of interest groups so that you can find friends with similar interests Secondly,you can turn to the school adviser who can help you get through your tough time (渡过难关).
片段巩固 用suffer;apply;responsible;intend;adapt;get ahead完成有关进入高中生活的片段
写作提示:我打算申请进入我最喜欢的高中→遭受失败,最后成功→适应高中生活,承担更多责任→总之,一直在进步
　　I intended to apply for admission to my favorite high school two years ago. During the process,I encountered numerous setbacks.After I suffered many failures, at last I made it. Now I have adapted to the life here and I have got used to being responsible for a lot more. I actively participated in class activities,joined school clubs,and volunteered for community services organized by the school. All in all, I have been getting ahead in my senior high school.
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) n.毕业生
②“Because I love your stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself,I think you have a good shot at this.”Encouraged by his words,I agreed to give it a try.
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) vt.致力于
③If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites,grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble.
(2023·全国甲卷) vt.移开,拿开
④Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.(全国Ⅱ卷) n.射门;进球得分
⑤And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds surrounding the mountain tops,he was reduced to tears. vt.使陷入窘境;使沦落
2.选出range的汉语意思
(
A
.n
.
范围　
B
.vi
.
漫游
;
徘徊　
C
.n
.
一系列
D
.n
.
山脉　
E
.vi
.
(
在一定范围内
)
变动
)
①Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts,history and science related activities in every class,and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning,exploration and,most of all,fun!(2023·浙江1月卷) C
②Lots of works on show there range from landscape paintings to flower and bird paintings.(2021·浙江6月卷) E
③While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence that they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.(全国Ⅰ卷) B
④The lake is situated at the eastern extremity of the mountain range. D
⑤As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more,they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.(2023·全国甲卷) A
3.选出shift的汉语意思
(
A
.n
.
当班时间　
B
.n
.
改变　
C
.vi
.
改变
D
.vi
.
挪动
;
移动
)
①It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.(新高考Ⅰ卷) D
②He found seven puppies and seven dogs during another shift. A
③Attitudes to mental illness have shifted in recent years. C
④Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. B
4.根据上下文写出flash的词性和词义
Last summer, I had a great adventure with my cousin in Xizang. One night, we were walking on a rough mountainous road when she gave a ①flash with her flashlight to warn me not move forward. Just then, a ②flash of lightning cut across the sky, briefly turning the night into day. We were very frightened. I looked around and happened to see a signal tower ③flashing in the distance.It was the tower that sent out a beam of light, which ④flashed the night sky for a moment.
①n.信号　②n.闪光　③ vi.闪耀;闪光
④vt.使闪耀
1.句型公式:so that引导目的状语从句
课本原句:I am always attentive in all classes and think actively,so that I can have more free time to do other things that I’m interested in after school.我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考,这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的事情。
佳句背诵　
She also made a point of exploring the building during her free time,so that she could gradually become familiar with the different hallways and rooms. (细节描写;2024·浙江1月卷)
她还特别注意在空闲时间探索这座建筑,这样她就可以逐渐熟悉不同的走廊和房间。
(1)so that引导目的状语从句,意为“以便,为了”,其从句中的谓语动词通常和can,could,may,might连用。
(2)so that引导目的状语从句时,可以和in order that相互转化,而且当从句主语和主句主语一致时,还可以和in order to,so as to结构互相转换。
(3)so that亦可以引导结果状语从句,意为“因此,所以”,从句中通常不用情态动词。
以练促学　单句写作
①Full of expectations,I wandered into the farmhouse in order to/so as to meet the lovely bird once again/so that/in order that I could meet the lovely bird once again.
我满怀期待地走进农舍,想再见到那只可爱的鸟。(动作描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
②To begin with,it couldn’t be better if students with mixed levels of English could be grouped together deliberately rather than at random,so that/in order that we can help each other during our practice.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)　首先,如果英语水平不同的学生能够被有意识地分在一组,而不是随机分组,那就再好不过了,这样我们就可以在练习中互相帮助。
2.句型公式: ing形式短语作伴随状语
课本原句:After a long day,Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room,feeling tired.
漫长的一天过后,张天疲惫不堪,终于回到了自己的小窝。
佳句背诵　
I took out my notebook, asked Gunter’s number and wrote it down hurriedly, promising I would call him back.(动作链;2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我拿出笔记本,问了冈特的电话号码,赶紧记了下来,答应给他回电话。
此句中的feeling tired是动词 ing形式作伴随状语,所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生,且与句子的主语是主动关系;动词 ing形式还可作时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式状语等。
[点津]　动词 ing形式作时间状语时,有时可由连词when、while、after等引出。
This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve.(建议信;2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
这可能会阻碍学生的进步,因为水平高的学生可能会主导对话,几乎不会给其他学生留下什么提高的空间。
以练促学　单句写作
①He rose to his feet,crossed the room and hugged me tightly,crying without control.(动作链)
他站起来,穿过房间,紧紧地抱住我,禁不住哭起来。
②Secondly, the development of high speed trains has greatly reduced travel time between cities, making long distance travel faster and more comfortable.(科技发展;2024·全国甲卷)
其次,高铁的发展大大缩短了城市之间的旅行时间,使长途旅行更快、更舒适。
③When hearing what the headmaster said,I was wild with joy,my eyes glittering with excitement.(心理描写)
当听到校长所说的话,我欣喜若狂,双眼闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
3.句型公式:部分否定
课本原句:However,not everything lived up to Zhang Tian’s hopes.
但是,不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
佳句背诵　
The truth is that not everyone is attaching great importance to time management.(建议信)
事实是并非每个人都把合理安排时间看得很重要。
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else in the world can you find more attractive scenery than in Switzerland.
也许你已经去过很多国家,但世界上没有任何地方的景色比瑞士更迷人。
句中“not everything...”为部分否定,意为“并非都……”,有时也可用“every...not...”表示。
(1)英语中的all、both、each、every、everybody、everything、always、whole、entirely等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用时,无论not位于何处,均构成部分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。
(2)英语中的no、none、never、nobody、nothing、neither、no one、nowhere等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用时构成全部否定。
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①To be frank,not all the English learning methods are beneficial to us/all the English learning methods are not beneficial to us and most importantly,we must find out what suits us most. (学校生活;2022·全国乙卷)
坦白说,并不是所有的英语学习方法都对我们有益,最重要的是,我们必须找到最适合我们的方法。
②I whispered to David in a soft voice,patting his shoulders gently,“Never should you give up the cross country run. As long as you insist on your target nobody/no one will laugh at you. After all,not every/each kid is as determined and brave as you.”(动作+语言描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我轻拍着他的肩膀,柔声对大卫说道:“你绝不应该放弃越野赛。只要你坚持你的目标,没人会嘲笑你。毕竟,并不是每个孩子都和你一样勇敢,一样意志坚定。”
维度一　核心知识运用
1.He suggested I think about the difference (differ) between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters. (2024·全国甲卷)
2.They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and convenience(convenient). (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
3.Campers enjoy a staff to child ratio ranging(range) from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. (2023·浙江1月卷)
4.You’ll soon find that the more patience you practice,the more you start to apply it to other,more annoying situations. (2023·全国甲卷)
5.The voluntary organisation(organise) is aimed at helping people to reduce stress.
6.According to some experts’ judgement,he can definitely(definite) recover from the severe injury(injure) in a short time.
7.Beyond our expectations(expect),the man who is senior to me by three years is not responsible(responsibility) for his misbehavior.
8.Luckily,he managed to adapt to his new school life and soon made new friends.
9.The sports meeting which is scheduled to take (take) place on April 15 may be put off due to the bad weather.
10.I am absolutely confident(confidence) that he has the competence(competent) to handle the difficult situation.
维度二　单句写作
1.Tom didn’t have his homework finished again so that Mr Smith let out a cry of anger,with his eyes flashing with annoyance. (so that)
汤姆又没写完作业,因此史密斯先生愤怒地大叫了一声,眼里满含愤怒。
2.Unfortunately,we got lost on a muddy mountain path.Worse still,neither of us took a cellphone and we were at a loss,with eyes full of horror. (全部否定)
不幸的是,我们在泥泞的山路上迷路了。更糟糕的是,我们两人没带手机,不知所措,眼睛里充满了恐惧。
3.Currently, advanced new energy vehicles have entered our lives,helping reduce air pollution. (动词 ing形式短语作状语;2024·全国甲卷)
目前,先进的新能源汽车已经进入我们的生活,有助于减少空气污染。
4.It’s important to meet friends in person from time to time, not just on social media. (动词不定式作主语)
不时与朋友亲自见面是很重要的,不能只是在社交媒体上。
5.Biology is my favourite subject, and my target is to prepare myself for my degree in biology at university. (动词不定式作表语)
生物学是我最喜欢的学科,我的目标是为获得大学生物学学位做准备。
维度三　单元知识拾遗
1.Even though he was seriously hurt in the car accident,he finally recovered from it.
尽管他在交通事故中严重受伤,但最后他康复了。
2.For convenience,plenty of people prefer having takeaways to cooking at home.
为了方便,很多人喜欢吃外卖而不是在家做饭。
3.Through the Internet I can get some useful information and chat with my friends as well.
通过互联网我可以得到一些有用的信息,还可以与我的朋友们聊天。
4.The thought flashed through my mind that he could be lying.
我心中闪过一个想法:他可能在撒谎。
5.In recent years,he’s witnessed so many injuries arising from/out of road accidents.
近年来他目睹了太多由道路交通事故造成的伤害。
6.It is believed that jogging does good to our health.
人们相信,慢跑有利于我们的健康。
7.I help people to deal with the challenges in life with more dignity and courage.
我帮助人们应对生活中的挑战,使他们多一些尊严和勇气。
8.The young boy tends to see pictures in his mind when he is reading or listening.
这个小男孩在读书或听音乐时,往往会在脑海中看到一些画面。
9.Our club holds various activities from time to time to enrich the members’ campus life.
我们俱乐部不定期举办各种活动,以丰富会员的校园生活。
10.The distinguished physicist was born in 1942 in Oxford and graduated from Oxford University.
这位杰出的物理学家1942年出生于牛津,毕业于牛津大学。
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(邮件——高中生活)
假定你是李华,你的英国朋友Jimmy想了解你的高中生活,请你给他写一封邮件进行介绍,内容包括:
1.你的高中日常生活;
2.你的期待。
根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①一切都好吗 我很高兴你关心我在高中的生活,我写信告诉你我日常生活的一些情况。
(主语+be+表示情绪的 adj.+that从句,senior,secondary)
How is everything going I’m delighted that you are concerned about my daily life in senior secondary school and I’m writing to tell you something about my daily life.
②有各种各样的课外活动和俱乐部,这可以帮助我学习和放松。 (various,非限制性定语从句)
There are various after class activities and clubs, which can help me learn and relax.
③我的同学都很友好,充满活力。我们老师的教学方法很有趣,不同于我们以前的老师。 (dynamic,be different from,previous)
My classmates are very friendly and dynamic. Our teachers’ teaching methods are interesting and different from the ones of our previous teachers.
④高中的英语更有挑战性,让我感到更有压力,但在英语老师的帮助下,我一直在进步。(challenging,make复合结构,stressed,get ahead)
English in senior high school is more challenging and makes me feel more stressed,but I’ve been getting ahead with my English teacher’s help.
⑤我相信,如果我继续努力,我一定能学好英语。 (confident,宾语从句)
I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard.
⑥总之,我真的喜欢我新学校的生活。你呢 期待你的早日回信。(all in all,do强调谓语,look forward to)
All in all,I do enjoy my life in my new school. How about you Looking forward to your early reply.
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)
Dear Jimmy,
How is everything going I’m delighted that you are concerned about my daily life in senior secondary school and I’m writing to tell you something about my daily life.
There are various after class activities and clubs, which can help me learn and relax. Besides,my classmates are very friendly and dynamic. Our teachers’ teaching methods are interesting and different from the ones of our previous teachers. In addition,English in senior high school is more challenging and makes me feel more stressed,but I’ve been making progress with my English teacher’s help. I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard.
All in all,I do enjoy my life in my new school. How about you Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单词 excitement n.激动,兴奋 nervousness n. 紧张 heated adj. 激烈的 responsible adj. 负责的 eager adj. 热切的,渴望的 satisfaction n. 满意,满足 anticipation n. 预期,预料
词块 well up　涌出,涌现 look forward to 期望;期待 speak up my mind 勇敢说出我的想法
美句 1.My heart beating fast,I didn’t know which career to choose. 　我的心怦怦直跳,我不知道该选择哪种职业。 2.Our responsible monitor told us that he was eager to be a doctor,with a smile on his face shining like a diamond. 我们负责任的班长脸上带着像钻石一样闪闪发光的笑容,告诉我们他渴望成为一名医生。 3.Hearing what we said,our head teacher nodded with satisfaction and her smile bloomed like a flower. 听到我们说的话,我们的班主任满意地点点头,她的微笑像花朵一样绽放。
2.场景片段训练(职业抉择的心理活动:兴奋→紧张→充满希望)
①Filled with joy and excitement(动词 ed短语作状语), I am recalling the scene of choosing the future career. ②Excitement mixed with a hint of nervousness welling up inside(独立主格结构),I had a heated debate with my classmates over which career path we should choose. ③My heart beating fast(独立主格结构), I didn’t know which career to choose. Our responsible monitor told us that he was eager to be a doctor,④with a smile on his face shining like a diamond(with复合结构).My deskmate said he looked forward to becoming an engineer. They also encouraged me to speak up my mind bravely. Their encouragement eased my tension. Hearing what we said,our head teacher nodded with satisfaction and ⑤her smile bloomed like a flower(比喻).She told us to apply ourselves to studying so that we could achieve our dreams.Now, ⑥filled with anticipation(动词 ed短语作状语), I’m looking forward to my new career.
　　满怀喜悦和兴奋,我回忆起当初选择未来职业的情景。兴奋夹杂着一丝紧张在内心涌动,我和同学们就应该选择哪条职业道路进行了激烈的辩论。我的心怦怦直跳,我不知道该选择哪种职业。我们负责任的班长脸上带着像钻石一样闪闪发光的笑容,告诉我们他渴望成为一名医生。我的同桌说他期待成为一名工程师。他们还鼓励我勇敢说出我的想法。他们的鼓励减轻了我的紧张。听到我们说的话,我们的班主任满意地点点头,她的微笑像花朵一样绽放。她告诉我们要专心学习,这样才能实现我们的梦想。现在,我满怀期待,期待着我的新事业。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷C篇)
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.
To do so,I divided the book into two parts.In part one,I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people’s digital lives increasingly intolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.
Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy:the digital declutter.This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.At the end of the thirty days,you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value.
In the final chapter of part one,I’ll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.In doing so,I’ll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.You’ll hear these participants’ stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what traps they encountered that you should avoid.
The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate (培养) a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle.In these chapters,I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity of cultivating high quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use.Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter.You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
真题再做
28.What is the book aimed at
A.Teaching critical thinking skills.
B.Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.
C.Solving philosophical problems.
D.Promoting the use of a digital device.
29.What does the underlined word “declutter” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Clear up. B.Add on.
C.Check in. D.Take over.
30.What is presented in the final chapter of part one
A.Theoretical models.
B.Statistical methods.
C.Practical examples.
D.Historical analyses.
31.What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two
A.Use them as needed.
B.Recommend them to friends.
C.Evaluate their effects.
D.Identify the ideas behind them.
答案　28.B　29.A　30.C　31.A
思维建模
综合细节理解题——概括归纳出答案
第一步 阅读题干,抓取关键。审清楚题目问的是什么,抓取关键信息,再回到原文搜索对应句子
第二步 根据信息,定位文章。在文章对应位置细读原文中的具体信息,甄别所有信息点,不遗漏内容
第三步 概括总结,得出答案。综合原文中多个信息点,概括总结后得出答案
以例示法
如28题,根据第一段中的“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism”、第二段中的“digital lives”和最后一段中的“a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle”可知,本书旨在倡导一种简单的数字生活方式,故B项正确。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
1.minimalism / m n m l z m/ n. 极简主义;极简派艺术 2.foundation /fa n de ( )n/ n.地基,基础;基本原理,根据 3.intolerable / n t l r b( )l/ adj.无法忍受的,难耐的 4.optional / p n( )l/ adj.可选择的,选修的 5.massive / m s v/ adj.大而重的,结实的;非常严重的 6.encounter / n ka nt (r)/ v.遭遇;偶遇,邂逅n.偶遇,邂逅 7.necessity /n ses ti/ n.必需品,必需的事物;必要,需要 8.circumstance / s k mst ns/ n.条件,情况,环境;境况 9.statistical /st t st k( )l/ adj.统计的,统计学的 10.identify /a dent fa / v.认出,识别;查明,确认 1.step away from optional online activities 远离可选择的网上活动 2.carry out your own digital declutter 实施你自己的数字清理 3.cultivate a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle 培养一种可持续的数字极简主义生活方式 4.the importance of solitude 独处的重要性 5.act on the big ideas为伟大的想法而行动 6.advocate a simple digital lifestyle 倡导简单的数字生活方式
析 长 难 语 句 The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you. [句式分析]　本句是一个复合句,可简化为:The goal of this book is to make...and then to teach...;介词including构成的短语作状语;第一个连词and连接what和why引导的介词of的宾语从句;if引导条件状语从句;it’s right for you是宾语从句。 [尝试翻译]　这本书的目的是为数字极简主义提供依据,包括详细探讨它的要求和它为什么有效,然后引导你在认为这种理念适合你时如何践行它。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·郑州高三质量预测)
The public footpath lay barely 20 meters from where I stood,promising a walk along the river, passing fields and through woodland,well away from any road.Yet there was something in my way—the RiverThames, whose water runs very fast.
I checked my map to see how to reach the path,but there was no other footpath that would lead me to the island on which it sat.It was only accessible by boat.
It was this path that came to mind when,a few weeks later,I decided to try cross country swimming,which combines water and walking.
As I got into the river—its coolness was welcome on the warm August day—the weight of my supplies dissipated.My back was free,and I simply pulled everything I needed in a bag behind me,feeling almost weightless.I relaxed into the water,my hair flowing around my face as I slowly floated alongside dragonflies,a moorhen (黑水鸡) and her chicks—none of which seemed to even acknowledge my presence.
The whole experience went by all too quickly and in no time I was drying off and walking back to the station.Though cross country swimming was invented to provide a challenge,I believed it had given me something much more important—the confidence to try it by myself.
So I decided to return to my inaccessible island,the footpath by the Thames.I got into the waterway and swam,exploring the island’s banks for a while.After 5 minutes of searching,the island let me in: I found my entrance point alongside a tree and pulled myself out.
Though the Thames loop wasn’t that long a walk,and the swim was not too big a challenge,it represented more than that.It gave me the chance to pioneer a new route never open to me before,the opportunity to reach a picnic spot that otherwise would have been off limits and,when it came to that footpath,the ability to access the previously inaccessible.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次跨界游泳经历,这次经历让作者获得了独自尝试的信心。
1.What initially prevented the author from reaching the public footpath
A.Overgrown fields.
B.A thick woodland.
C.A fast flowing river.
D.A lack of a road map.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“Yet there was something in my way—the River Thames,whose water runs very fast.”可知,水流湍急的泰晤士河阻挡了作者前往公共步道。故选C项。]
2.What does the underlined word “dissipated” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A.Spread. B.Remained.
C.Disappeared. D.Increased.
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“My back was free,and I simply pulled everything I needed in a bag behind me,feeling almost weightless.”可知,当作者进入河里,作者感觉背部自由了,仅仅拉着身后包里的所有东西,几乎感觉不到重量。由此可知,作者补给品的重量消失了,故画线词与C项的意思最为接近。故选C项。]
3.Which word best describes the author’s cross country swimming experience
A.Thrilling. B.Encouraging.
C.Embarrassing. D.Disappointing.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第五段的“Though cross country swimming was invented to provide a challenge...the confidence to try it by myself.”可知,跨界游泳虽然具有挑战性,但让作者获得了更重要的东西,即独自尝试的信心。由此可知,这次跨界游泳经历是鼓舞人心的。故选B项。]
4.What does finding the footpath to the island mean to the author
A.An escape from the real world.
B.A chance to get close to nature.
C.The mental and physical pressure.
D.A symbol of personal achievement.
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It gave me the chance to pioneer a new route...the ability to access the previously inaccessible.”可知,这次经历让作者有机会开拓一条新路线,让作者有机会到达一个原本是禁止进入的野餐地点,让作者有能力进入以前无法进入的地方,这些都是个人成就的体现。由此可推知,找到通往岛屿的小路对作者来说意味着个人成就的象征。故选D项。]
(2025·石家庄高三质量检测)
I didn’t go to Santiago,Chile to look for friendship.In fact,Chile was not even on my wish list.
A mid life crisis woman,I got a chance to study abroad.I only wanted to learn about global business,taste South American cuisine,and check “study abroad” off my wish list.
On the fifth day,I joined a group for a neighborhood work project aided by the anti poverty (扶贫) organization.Our tasks were to build a water tower and paint the community center.Upon arrival,I couldn’t believe my eyes.It was like a scene out of a horrible film.That moment redefined poverty for me because I had never seen such terrible living conditions.As advised,I showed no signs of the emotional battle going on inside me.
Just as I was about to start work on painting,a request came through for a few volunteers to help Nadia,a local resident who volunteered to cook for us.I raised my hand to help because I wanted to spend time with the people of the neighborhood despite my shortage of Spanish speaking skills.
Nadia had a sincere smile but not overly friendly.Even without speaking each other’s language,we started to learn about one another.We chatted about our children,our upbringing,shared pictures of our families,struggled to instruct each other to communicate in the other’s language,and laughed many times.
After we fed everybody and the dishes were washed,my day was over.But I found myself hesitant to leave.It was as if I had known her for my entire life.I had not predicted the unselfishness of heart I would encounter,and it was moving.
As we were waiting for the car to pick us up,Nadia showed me her plants that were well maintained.I could see that despite the hard conditions she was passionate about life.She made me long to be a stronger person.She showed me that poverty was external,but happiness was internal.I was seeking to give 100 percent for a well intentioned cause,but I left receiving 200 percent from her.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者去智利出国留学的过程中,发现当地街区的生活条件非常差,但作者很好地隐藏了自己的情绪,还主动和当地居民Nadia一起工作,并从Nadia身上意识到:幸福是由对生活的积极态度定义的。
5.What was the author’s initial purpose of going to Chile
A.To find new friends while traveling.
B.To participate in an anti poverty project.
C.To fulfill the desire to study abroad.
D.To gain a graduate certificate in business.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“A mid life crisis woman,I got a chance to study abroad.”和该段最后一句中的“check‘study abroad’off my wish list.”可知,作者去智利的最初目的是实现出国留学的愿望。故选C项。]
6.What did the author do after seeing the living conditions in the neighborhood
A.She decided to relieve the poverty.
B.She kept her emotions well hidden.
C.She comforted the shocked volunteers.
D.She refused to continue the present task.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容尤其是最后一句“As advised,I showed no signs of the emotional battle going on inside me.”可知,到达社区后,作者简直不敢相信自己的眼睛,但作者没有表现出内心发生情感斗争的迹象。也就是说作者把自己的情绪很好地掩藏了起来。故选B项。]
7.Why did the author volunteer to work with Nadia
A.She felt very sympathetic toward Nadia.
B.She longed to interact with the local residents.
C.She wanted to improve her Spanish speaking skills.
D.She preferred cooking to painting the community center.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“I raised my hand to help...Spanish speaking skills.”可知,作者举手帮忙,因为尽管作者不太会讲西班牙语,但作者想和街区的人共度时光。也就是说作者主动提出来和Nadia一起工作的原因是她想和当地居民互动。故选B项。]
8.What did the author learn from Nadia
A.True friends are never apart in heart.
B.Happiness is defined by a positive attitude.
C.Language is not a barrier to great connections.
D.Unselfishness is putting others before ourselves.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“She showed me that poverty was external...200 percent from her.”可知,她向作者展示了贫穷是外在的,但幸福是内在的。作者试图为一个善意的事业付出100%,但从她那里得到了200%的回报。由此推断出,作者从Nadia那里得知幸福是内在的,是由积极的态度带来的。故选B项。]
(2025·济南高三模拟)
There’s a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self.Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction.But what if you could meet your future self
I’m a psychologist and professor.My research over the past 15 years isn’t far from this theme.I’ve largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves,and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long term decisions.In my research,I’ve learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers,which can impede us in making long term choices.One way to bridge the emotional gap is to think of future selves in more concrete and vivid ways,like writing letters to and from one’s future self,which can strengthen the connection between current and future selves.
Admittedly,having people engage in an imagined conversation is a far cry from actually meeting one’s future self.But it’s believed that far richer interactions may happen in the near future through artificial intelligence(AI).It wouldn’t be predicting exactly what choices you’d make.It’d be more about showing your potential,based on the lives of people similar to you:not just one possible life for you,but rather,the most possible life path for you.Such interactions could offer valuable insights into our potential future selves.
So,to return to my original question: if you could time travel to meet your future self,what aspects of your life would you want to know more about I realized,through thorough reflections,that the most powerful questions would be ones that helped me make better choices today—questions exploring personal growth,regrets and unfulfilled actions.
Actually,you don’t need to wait for time travel or advanced AI for answers that you can act on.Through my research,I’ve learnt that simply taking a bit of time to picture this meeting can help you make better choices now.All you need is a little imagination,and the willingness to put yourself in the shoes of a person you currently treat as a stranger.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一位心理学家兼教授的人,他通过研究人们如何思考以及如何与未来的自己建立联系,探讨了人们为何难以做出长期的选择。
9.Why is it difficult for people to make long term decisions according to the author
A.Technology for time travel is not available.
B.Strangers cannot help with decision making.
C.Writing letters to one’s future self is impractical.
D.People find it hard to connect with their distant selves.
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In my research...future selves like strangers...long term choices.”以及下文给出的和未来的自己建立联系的建议可知,人们难以做出长期的决定是因为人们很难和遥远的自己联系起来。故选D项。]
10.What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from”mean in paragraph 3
A.contradictory to
B.very different from
C.not as convenient as
D.less popular than
答案　B　[词义猜测题。根据下文中的“But it’s believed that far richer interactions...through artificial intelligence(AI).”可知,让人们进行想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己相去甚远,也就是说想象的与现实的十分不同,故a far cry from与very different from同义。故选B项。]
11.Which question would the author most likely ask his future self
A.Why hasn’t my hard work ever paid off
B.What can AI do to help people become better persons
C.If given the chance,what would you have done differently
D.How can I succeed without going through all the difficulties in life
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句中的“the most powerful questions would be ones...questions exploring personal growth,regrets and unfulfilled actions”可知,作者意识到,最有力的问题将是那些帮助自己今天做出更好选择的问题,也就是探索个人成长、遗憾和未实现的行动的问题。故选C项。]
12.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.Time travel: What if you met your future self
B.My research: How do people view their future selves
C.Emotional gap: Why can’t we talk with our future selves
D.Artificial intelligence: Is it possible to meet your future self
答案　A　[标题归纳题。结合全文内容可知,本文开头由“一个经典短篇小说讲述一个年轻人穿越多年,遇见未来的自己”引出话题——如果我们遇见未来的自己会怎样 故选A项。]
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·郑州高三质量预测)
We all want to know what happiness means and try to find ways to help make our life better.Happiness—you know it when you see it,but it’s hard to define.You might call it a sense of well being,optimism or meaningfulness in life,although those could also be treated separately.　1　,we know that we want it,and that is just somehow good.
We also know that we don’t always have control over our happiness.Research suggests that genetics may play a big role in our level of happiness,so some of us may start out at a disadvantage.On top of that,environmental factors can bring down mood and dry up our thirst for living.　2　.Many studies have found a connection between psychological and physical well being.
A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between positive psychological features,such as happiness,optimism and life satisfaction,and a lowered risk of heart disease.
　3　.If you have a good sense of well being,it’s easier to maintain good habits:exercising,eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep.
　4　,and they do not provide hard evidence of cause and effect.But some researchers believe that positive mental states do have a direct effect on the body,perhaps by reducing damaging physical processes.For instance,they found that optimism is associated with lower levels of inflammation (炎症).
If

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