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(共176张PPT)
UNIT 2　SPORTS AND FITNESS
必修第一册
主题语境:体育与健康
单元词句识记
内
容
索
引
单元默写检测
核心知识突破
关键能力考查
写作素养培优
高考同源研探
课时作业
单 元 词 句 识 记
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.badminton n.　　　　羽毛球
2.golf n. 高尔夫
3.gymnastics n. 体操
4.bowling n. 保龄球
5.skateboard n. 滑板
vi. 用滑板滑行
6.stair n. 楼梯;梯级
7.net n. (网球等的)球网;网
8.court n. (网球等的)球场
9.underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队);弱方
10.guy n. (非正式)男人,家伙
11.shot n. 投球,击球;机会
12.bench n. 替补队员席
13.replacement n. 替换的人(物)
14.boxing n. 拳击(运动)
15.bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起,(使)反弹
16.belt n. 腰带,皮带
17.annual adj. 一年一度的,每年的
18.warm-up n. 热身运动,准备活动
19.halfway adv. 半途地
20.immune adj. 免疫的;有免疫力的
21.immune system 免疫系统
22.membership n. 会员身份
23.upper adj. 较上的,上面的
24.oxygen n. 氧
25.ache n. 隐痛
26.guideline n. 指导方针,指导原则
27.click vi.& vt. 点击(鼠标)
28.principle n. 原则,基本的观念
29.shortcut n. 捷径,近路
30.overnight adv. 突然,一下子
31.muscle n. 肌肉
32.bone n. 骨头,骨
33.overdo vt. 把……做得过火
34.overtake vt. 超过
35.sportsmanship n. 体育精神
36.bronze n. 铜
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a great athlete　　 一名伟大的运动员
2.go jogging 去慢跑
3.a balanced diet 均衡饮食
4.within ten minutes 在十分钟之内
5.defeat an enemy 打败敌人
6.a former Olympic champion前奥运会冠军
7.desire to play for the team渴望为球队效力
8.crash into a tree 撞到树上
9.rush onto the court 冲向球场上
10.extra money 额外的钱
11.clap your hands 拍手
12.earn a bachelor's degree 获得学士学位
13.a large audience 很多观众
14.remind him of his mother 使他想起他的母亲
15.bitten by the dog 被狗咬了
16.quit smoking 戒烟
17.the public health system 公共卫生系统
18.a weekly newspaper 周报
19.an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默
20.a highly capable individual 一个非常能干的人
21.prevent diseases 预防疾病
22.the blood flow 血液流动
23.a large amount of money 大量的资金
24.beads of sweat 汗珠
25.the gold medal 金牌
26.a graceful gesture 优雅的姿态
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.track n.跑道,径赛运动;足迹;轨迹;小道,小径 vt.跟踪;追踪
　①a rough mountain track一条崎岖不平的山间小道
　②track the dogs' eye movements追踪狗的眼部活动
2.company n.公司;一群人;陪伴,做伴
　①keep him company陪伴他
　②an engineering company 一家工程公司
3.pack n.绷带,敷布;包,包裹 vi.& vt.把……包起来
　①pack your backpack 收拾背包
　②a pack of gum 一包口香糖
4.tip n.建议,忠告,窍门;小费;实用的提示;尖端 vt.付小费;倾倒;使倾斜
　①useful tips实用的建议
　②the tip of an iceberg冰山的尖端
　③tip the porter给搬运工小费
5.case n.状况,场合;事例,实例;病例;案件
　①small wooden cases小巧的木箱
　②her divorce case她的离婚案
6.sight n.视野;视力,视觉;看见,见到;景物,景象;名胜,景点 vt.看见
　①lose one's sight 失明
　②enjoy natural sights欣赏自然风光
　③catch sight of a polar bear看到一只北极熊
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.frequency n.　　 发生的频率,发生率
　frequent adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
　frequently adv. 频繁地,经常地
2.prefer vt. 更喜欢
　preference n. 偏爱;喜爱
3.cycle vi. 骑自行车
　cyclist n. 骑自行车者
4.balanced adj. 均衡的
　balance n. 平衡;均衡;天平;余额
　　　　v. 使保持平衡
5.regularly adv. 经常;定期地
　regular adj. 通常的;规则的
　irregular adj. 不规则的
6.inspiration n. 激动,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感
　inspire vt. 鼓励;激励;使产生灵感
　inspired adj. 借助灵感创作的;卓越的
　inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
7.sharply adv. 严厉地,毫不客气地
　sharp adj. 急剧的;锋利的;强烈的
　sharpen vt. (使)变得锋利/清晰
8.energy n. 力量,活力
　energetic adj. 精力充沛的
　energetically adv. 精力充沛地
9.crowd n. 人群
　　　　v.　 挤满,塞满;涌上(心头);涌入(脑海)
　crowded adj. 拥挤的;充满的
10.announcement n. 通告,公告
　announce vt. 宣布;宣告
　announcer n. 广播员;播音员
11.defence n. 防守队员,后卫
　defend vi.& vt. 保护;保卫
　defensive adj. 防御(性)的;防守的;保护的
12.prohibit vt. 禁止
　prohibition n. 禁止
13.application n. 申请书
　apply vt.& vi. 申请;请求
　　　　vt. 应用
　applicant n. 申请人
14.occupy vt. 占用,占去(时间)
　occupied adj. 使用中;有人使用(或居住); 忙于;被占领的;被侵占的
　occupation n. 职业;工作;占领
15.disappointment n. 失望;扫兴;沮丧
　disappoint vt. 使失望
　disappointing adj. 令人失望的
　disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的
16.amazingly adv. 惊人地,了不起地
　amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的
　amaze vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕
　amazed adj. 大为惊奇的;惊讶的
　amazement n. 惊奇,惊愕
17.relieve vt. 减轻,缓解
　relief n. 减轻,缓和;宽慰;解脱
　relieved adj. 感到宽慰的
18.strengthen vi.& vt. (使)强健
　strength n. 力气;实力;优势
　strong adj. 强壮的
19.particular n. 尤其,特别
　　　　　adj. 特定的
　particularly adv. 尤其,特别
20.benefit n. 好处,益处
　beneficial adj. 有利的,有裨益的
21.equipment n. 设备,装备
　equip v. 配备
22.detail n. 细节
　detailed adj. 详细的;精细的
23.achievable adj. 可完成的;做得成的
　achieve v. 达到;完成
　achievement n. 成就
24.satisfaction n. 满足,满意
　satisfy vt. 使满意
　satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的
　satisfied adj. 满意的
25.response n. 回答,答复
　respond v. 回答,答复
26.flexibility n. 灵活性
　flexible adj. 灵活的
Ⅴ.短语词块
1.try out for sth　　　　 参加……选拔
2.gather around 聚集
3.let sb down 使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
4.pay off 取得成功;奏效
5.keep up with 跟上,保持同步
6.sign up 报名
7.ought to 应该,应当
8.cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
9.be fed up with 厌烦的,不满的,无法再忍受的
10.be capable of 有能力做
11.make sure 确保
12.take advantage of sth 利用某物
13.rather than 而不是
14.in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳
15.in case 以防万一
16.in particular 尤其,特别
17.not...anymore 不再……
18.be on the school basketball team 是学校篮球队的队员
19.huge fans of the NBA NBA的铁杆粉丝
20.on the court 在球场上
21.win by two points 以两分优势获胜
22.earn your place on the team 在队中赢得你的一席之地
23.strengthen your immune system 增强你的免疫系统
24.reduce the risk of serious health problems
降低严重健康问题的风险
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.This is all because I exercise quite regularly. (This/That is because...)
　这都是因为我经常锻炼。
2.Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall,which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (which引导非限制性定语从句,make复合结构)
　博格斯身高只有一米六,是NBA历史上最矮的球员。
3.“Well,” said the coach as he hit Paul on the shoulder,“you've just earned your place on the team,big guy!” (动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位)
　“嗯,”教练一边拍着保罗的肩膀一边说,“你已经为自己赢得了球队中的位置,‘大个子’!”
4.As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long-distance running in particular has a lot of benefits. (as引导非限制性定语从句)
　正像人们常说的,锻炼总比不锻炼好,尤其是长跑有很多好处。
5.There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of. (“否定词+比较级”表示最高级)
　没有比这更好的方法来认识自己、了解自己的能力了。
6.And don't drink too much while running, or it'll make you feel sick.
(祈使句+and/or+陈述句)
　跑步时不要喝太多水,否则你会感到不舒服。
7.There will be times when you want to give up. (There/It be a time/times when...)
　有时候你会想放弃。
8.Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours and with the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it. (with复合结构)
　埃斯特班尽最大努力骑了好几个小时了,终点线就在眼前,所有的自行车运动员开始加速通过终点。
名词后缀-ment:①表示……的动作　②表示……的结果
直接加 -ment replacement替换的人(物)　disappointment失望;扫兴;沮丧
announcement通告,公告　equipment设备,装备
agreement协议,协定;同意　　excitement激动,兴奋
movement移动;运动 improvement改善;改进之处
achievement成绩,成就
去掉结尾字 母e加-ment argument争论,争吵;acknowledgment感谢;承认;judgment判断;裁判
单 元 默 写 检 测
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.play badminton　　　 打　　　　　
2.do gymnastics 做　　　　　
3.walk up the stairs 走上　　　　　
4.on the court 在　　　　　　上
5.a very smart guy 一个很聪明的　　　　　
6.do jump shots 做跳　　　　　
7.just a replacement 只是一个　　　　　
8.bounce the ball 　　　　　　球
羽毛球
Step One　写一写
体操
楼梯
球场
家伙
投
替补队员
拍
9.Please fasten your safety belt. 请系好你的安全　　　　。
10.quit the race halfway 　　　　　　退出比赛
11.make your immune system strong
增强你的　　　　　
12.a gym membership 健身房的　　　　　
13.upper body strength 　　　　　　肢力量
14.oxygen content 　　　　　　含量
15.have an ache in my right arm 我的右臂　　　　　
16.guidelines on running 有关跑步的　　　　　
带
中途
免疫系统
会员
上
氧
痛
指导
17.click on the links below 　　　　　　下面的链接
18.three principles of running 跑步的三个　　　　　
19.take a shortcut 走　　　　　
20.become famous overnight 　　　　　　成名
21.build up muscles 增强　　　　　
22.broken bones 　　　　　　折
23.Don't overdo new exercises. 不要　　　　　　新的锻炼。
24.his show of sportsmanship 他表现出的　　　　　
25.the bronze medal 　　　　　　牌
点击
原则
近路
一夜
肌肉
骨
过度进行
体育精神
铜
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.　　　　　　 n.　　　 运动员
2.　　　　　　 vi.& n. 慢跑
3.　　　　　　 n. 日常饮食
4.　　　　　　 prep. 在……之内
5.　　　　　　 vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜,打败
6.　　　　　　 n. 公司;一群人
7.　　　　　　 n. 冠军,第一名
8.　　　　　　 n. 渴望
athlete
jog
diet
within
defeat
company
champion
desire
9.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 猛撞
10. 　　　　　　vi.& vt. 聚集,聚合
11.　　　　　　 n. 绷带,敷布;包,包裹
vi.& vt. 把……包起来
12.　　　　　　 adj. 额外的,另外的
13.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 鼓掌,拍手
14.　　　　　　 vt. 赢得;博得
15.　　　　　　 n. 观众;听众
16.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 咬
crash
gather
pack
extra
clap
earn
audience
bite
17.　　　　　　 n. 状况,场合;事例,实例
18.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 停止(做某事)
19.　　　　　　 n. 建议,忠告,窍门
20.　　　　　　 n. 系统
21.　　　　　　 adj. 一周一次的,每周的
22.　　　　　　 adj. 令人尴尬的
23.　　　　　　 adj. 能干的;能力强的
24.　　　　　　 vt. 预防;阻止,阻挡
25.　　　　　　 n. 疾病
case
quit
tip
system
weekly
awkward
capable
prevent
disease
26.　　　　　　 vi. 流,流动
n. 流动
27.　　　　　　 n. 数量,数额
28.　　　　　　 n. 汗水
29.　　　　　　 n. 视野
30.　　　　　　 n. 姿态;手势;姿势
flow
amount
sweat
sight
gesture
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.　　　　　　 adj.　 频繁的;经常发生的
　　　　　　　 adv. 频繁地,经常地
　　　　　　　 n. 发生的频率,发生率
2.　　　　　　 vt. 更喜欢
　　　　　　　 n. 偏爱;喜爱
3.　　　　　　 n. 平衡;均衡;天平;余额
　　　　　　　v. 使保持平衡
　　　　　　　 adj. 均衡的
frequent
frequently
frequency
prefer
preference
balance
balanced
4.　　　　　　 adj. 通常的;规则的
　　　　　　　 adv. 经常;定期地
　　　　　　　 adj. 不规则的
5.　　　　　　 vt. 鼓励;激励;使产生灵感
　　　　　　　 adj. 借助灵感创作的;卓越的
　　　　　　　 adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
　　　　　　　 n. 激动,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感
6.　　　　　　 adj. 急剧的;锋利的;强烈的
　　　　　　　 adv. 严厉地,毫不客气地
　　　　　　　 vt. (使)变得锋利/清晰
regular
regularly
irregular
inspire
inspired
inspiring
inspiration
sharp
sharply
sharpen
7.　　　　　　 n. 力量,活力
　　　　　　　 adj. 精力充沛的
　　　　　　　 adv. 精力充沛地
8.　　　　　　 n. 人群
　　　　　　　v. 挤满;塞满;涌上(心头);涌入(脑海)
　　　　　　　 adj. 拥挤的;充满的
9.　　　　　　 vt. 宣布;宣告
　　　　　　　 n. 广播员;播音员
　　　 　　　　 n. 通告,公告
energy
energetic
energetically
crowd
crowded
announce
announcer
announcement
10.　　　　　　 vi.& vt. 保护;保卫
　　　　　　　 n. 防守队员,后卫;保卫;辩护
　　　　　　　 adj. 防御(性)的;防守的;保护的
11.　　　　　　 vt.& vi. 申请;请求 vt. 应用
　　　　　　　 n. 申请书;申请;应用
　　　　　　　 n. 申请人
12.　　　　　　 vt. 占用,占去(时间);占据
　　　　　　　 adj. 使用中;有人使用(或居住);忙于;被占领的;被侵占的
　　　　　　　 n. 职业;工作;占领
defend
defence
defensive
apply
application
applicant
occupy
occupied
occupation
13.　　　　　　 vt. 使失望
　　　 　　　　 n. 失望;扫兴;沮丧
　　　　　　　 adj. 令人失望的
　　　　　　　 adj. 失望的;沮丧的
14.　　　　　　 vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕
　　　　　　　 adj. 令人大为惊奇的
　　　　　　　 adv. 惊人地,了不起地
　　　　　　　 adj. 大为惊奇的;惊讶的
　　　　　　　 n. 惊奇,惊愕
disappoint
disappointment
disappointing
disappointed
amaze
amazing
amazingly
amazed
amazement
15.　　　　　　 n. 减轻,缓和;宽慰;解脱
　　　　　　　 vt. 减轻,缓解;解除
　　　　　　　 adj. 感到宽慰的
16.　　　　　　 adj. 强壮的
　　　　　　　 n. 力气;实力;优势
　　　　　　　 vi.& vt. (使)强健
17.　　　　　　 n. 尤其,特别
　　　　　　　adj. 特定的
　　　　　　　 adv. 尤其,特别
relief
relieve
relieved
strong
strength
strengthen
particular
particularly
18.　　　　　　 n. 好处,益处
　　　　　　　 adj. 有利的,有裨益的
19.　　　　　　 v. 配备
　　　　　　　 n. 设备,装备
20.　　　　　　 n. 细节
　　　　　　　 adj. 详细的;精细的
21.　　　　　　 v. 达到;完成
　　　　　　　 adj. 可完成的;做得成的
　　　　　　　 n. 成就
benefit
beneficial
equip
equipment
detail
detailed
achieve
achievable
achievement
22.　　　　　　 vt. 使满意
　　　　　　　 n. 满足,满意;欣慰
　　　　　　　　　　　 adj. 令人满意的
　　　　　　　 adj. 满意的
23.　　　　　　 v. 回答,答复
　　　　　　　 n. 回答,答复
24.　　　　　　 adj. 灵活的
　　　　　　　 n. 灵活性
satisfy
satisfaction
satisfying/satisfactory
satisfied
respond
response
flexible
flexibility
Ⅳ. 短语互译
1.　　　　　　　　 　　　而不是
2.　　　　　　　 参加……选拔
3.　　　　　　　　 不再……
4.　　　　　　　　 取得成功;奏效
5.　　　　　　　　 跟上,保持同步
6.　　　　　　　　 以防万一
rather than
try out for sth
not...any more
pay off
keep up with
in case
7.sign up 　　　　　　　
8.cheer up 　　　　　　　　　　　　
9.be fed up with 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
10.in particular 　　　　　　　
11.be capable of 　　　　　　　
12.take advantage of sth 　　　　　　　
报名
(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
厌烦的,不满的,对……感到厌烦; 无法再忍受的
尤其,特别
有能力做
利用某物
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:This is because...
　Maybe 　　　　　　　　　　　 we have seldom sat down and exchanged
　our feelings and thoughts.
　这可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
2.句型公式:祈使句+or+陈述句
　Don‘t cheat in the exam,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　不要在考试中作弊,否则你会被惩罚的。
this is because
or you will be punished
3.句型公式:“否定词+比较级”表示最高级
　I strongly recommend the Palace Museum because 　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(推荐信)
　我强力推荐故宫是因为没有哪个古代建筑物比它更壮观。
4.句型公式:There be a time when...
　There was a time when 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
　曾有一段时间我不能适应学校生活。
5.句型公式:动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位
　Suddenly a stranger jumped out of nowhere and 　　　　　　　　　　　　 .
　(动作描写) 突然,一个陌生人不知从哪里跳出来,抓住了他的胳膊。
no ancient building is
grander than it
I couldn’t adapt to the school life
caught him by the arm
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Chinese players d　　　　　　 their opponents and won another gold medal for our country.
2.The audience cheered and c　　　　　 excitedly for his excellent performance.
3.Standing on the stage,she was so nervous that her palms were s　　　　　　.
4.His coach r　　　　　　 him to do some warm-ups in case he should hurt himself during the race.
5.The a　　　　　　 are jogging in the stadium to warm up in case they get injured when training.
efeated
Step Two　练一练
lapped
weating
eminded
thletes
6.The little boy looks forward to e　　　　　　 some money,but I don't see what he can do.
7.It was with great determination that my father q　　　　　　/
q　　　　　　 smoking—a 20-year habit.
8.Citizens complained that large a　　　　　　 of money were wasted on repairing roads.
arning
uit
uitted
mounts
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
1.With nobody 　　　　　　him against the attack,Jack had to take
　　　　action himself.He picked up a stone in 　　 　of himself. (defend)
2.Those guys seem to be full of 　　　　　　and play basketball every day
　　　　　　.I really wonder how they keep 　　　　　　. (energy)
3.“How 　　　　　　!The robot can swim,” the boy said in 　　　　　　with an 　　　　　　look. (amaze)
4.You will certainly 　　　　　　from taking proper exercise.Besides,balanced diet will also be 　　　　　　. (benefit)
defending
defensive
defence
energy
energetically
energetic
amazing
amazement
amazed
benefit
beneficial
5.The strong guy seems to have much 　　　　　 because he works out every day to 　　　　　 his body. (strong)
6.The middle-aged woman went to the deserted factory 　　　　　　and the high 　　　　　　 attracted the attention of the police. (frequent)
7.When the boy gave a 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　answer,the teacher was
　　　　　　　and smiled with 　　　　　　. (satisfy)
8.What 　　　　　　me was not the 　　　　　　 result of the match.It was your 　　　　　　look that gave me a stronger sense of 　　　　　　 .
(disappoint)
strength
strengthen
frequently
frequency
satisfactory/satisfying
satisfied
satisfaction
disappointed
disappointing
disappointed
disappointment
Ⅲ.短语填空
keep up with　take advantage of　in particular　try out for
be capable of　pay off
1.Not only does the boy work hard but he also 　　　　　 　　　　　　every opportunity to improve his overall competence.
2.The young teaching assistant eventually succeeded and all his hard work 　　　　　　.
3.During his long stay in hospital, he 　　　　　 work, using his spare time to study.
takes advantage of
paid off
kept up with
4.While attending junior high, Spud 　　　　 　 the school team, but he was refused to play at first because he was too small.
5.The human body 　　　　　　doing many things, such as jumping high and running very fast.
6.I am keen on learning foreign languages, English 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
tried out for
is capable of
in particular
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I prefer to play outdoor sports,such as golf,cycling,and jogging rather than do sports in the gym,such as badminton,gymnastics and bowling.Among all the sports,jogging 1.　　　　　　　 particular has many 2.　　　　　　(benefit).
Firstly,you don't need a gym membership or any 3.　　　　　　 (equip).　Besides,it is not a competitive sport,so you needn't worry about crashing into others and even the old are capable of doing it.Not only does jogging help
in
benefits
equipment
strengthen your immune system and muscles 4.　　　　　　 it also prevents diseases.What's more,jogging can help 5.　　　　　　 (relief) your stress and reduce your blood pressure,with more oxygen 6.　　　　　　(flow) in your heart.
However,I must remind you that you'd better not have a strong desire
7.　　　　　　(lose) weight by jogging overnight.Perhaps one day you may be fed up with jogging and you may quit halfway in disappointment.There is no shortcut,so you ought to make 8.　　　　　　 achievable goal.Make sure you take a proper amount of exercise 9.　　　　　　(regular) and have a 10.　　　　　　 (balance) diet,and you will be in good shape.
but
relieve
flowing
to lose
an
regularly
balanced
核 心 知 识 突 破
No.1 热考词汇
No.3 写作迁移
No.2 熟词生义/一词多义
1.prefer vt.(preferred, preferred, preferring)更喜欢 →preference n.偏爱,爱好;
　喜爱
佳句背诵　
She prefers disorder to order,walking to driving,and diversity to uniformity.
(2025·八省联考)
她喜欢无序胜过有序,喜欢走路胜过开车,喜欢多样性胜过统一性。
Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can result in obesity.
研究表明,偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。
Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than lead a comfortable life.
简·古道尔,这位英国女性,宁愿在非洲的野外研究黑猩猩,也不愿过安逸的生活。
　宁愿做……,而不愿做……
have a preference for　 　对……偏爱
prefer doing/to do sth　更喜欢做某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①The champion in the contest has a 　　　　　　(prefer) for cycling and jogging,which can strengthen his muscles.
②根据上面的图表,65%的受访学生更喜欢听英语歌曲而非访问英语学习网站。
(图表作文;2022·全国乙卷)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
(prefer doing sth to doing sth)
preference
prefer listening to English songs to visiting English learning websites
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed 　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
(prefer to do sth rather than do sth)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
(would do sth rather than do sth)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.
(would rather do sth than do sth)
prefer to listen to
English songs rather than visit English learning websites
would listen to
English songs rather than visit English learning websites
would rather listen
to English songs than visit English learning websites
2.balanced adj.均衡的→balance n.平衡;均衡;天平;余额 v.使保持平衡
佳句背诵　
Having a balanced diet can help you strengthen your immune system and make you full of energy.(建议信)
有一个均衡的饮食可以帮助你增强你的免疫系统,使你充满活力。
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
keep/lose (one's) balance　 保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
balance...against　 权衡,比较
以练促学　单句写作
①If you want to have a happy school life, 　　　　　　 　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活,你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。(建议信)
②After 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
David wiped away the tears,struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line,a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth.
(动作+情感描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
权衡利弊之后,大卫擦掉眼泪,挣扎着站起来,向起跑线走去,嘴角露出轻松的微笑。
you’d better keep a balance between
study and relaxation
balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages
3.desire n.渴望;欲望(appetite);愿望 vt.渴望(long);期望;想望→desirable adj.
想望的,值得拥有的;可取的
佳句背诵　
Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university,and by a desire to be part of a cultural community.朋友们因为对艺术和大学的共同热爱,以及渴望成为文化社区的一部分而团结起来。(2025·八省联考)
have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth　 渴望得到某物
desire to do sth　 渴望做某事
desire that...(should) do...　 渴望……做……
以练促学　单句写作
①Since 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　
　　　　　　　　,I strongly recommend Peking University to you.(推荐信)
既然你有强烈的学习中国文化的愿望,我强烈向你推荐北京大学。
②We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 　,
which can not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons. (活动总结;2023·浙江1月卷)
我们希望学校能组织更多这样的活动,这不仅可以消除我们巨大的学习压力,也可以开阔我们的视野。
you have a strong desire/you strongly desire to learn about
Chinese culture
desire that our school (should) organise more activities like this
4.remind vt.使(某人)想起,提醒→reminder n.引起回忆的事物;提醒人的事物
佳句背诵　
Now the photo is still in my album,reminding me of/about the wonderful days I spent in Mrs. Black's garden.(主旨升华)
现在,这张照片还在我的相册里,让我想起了我在布莱克夫人花园里度过的美好时光。
remind sb of/about sth 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb) that... 提醒(某人)……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me 　　　　　　　　 (close) the window in my car when rain is coming.
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②This photo album serves as a 　　　　　　(remind) of the most important moments of my life.
③To help them cook the breakfast smoothly,the father
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
为了帮助他们顺利地煮好早餐,爸爸不断地提醒他们下一步该做什么。
to close
reminder
constantly reminded them of what to do next
5.case n.状况,场合;事例,实例;事件;情况;案件;箱
佳句背诵　
I suggest that you put three to four students together,with one as the group leader,in which case we can communicate with each other at a great depth.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) 我建议你安排三到四个学生一起,其中一个作为组长,这样我们就可以更深入地交流。
in case　 以防万一
in case of　 万一……
in this/that case　 如果是这样/那样的话
in any case　 无论如何;总之
in no case 决不(置于句首时,引起部分倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事;通常情况下
以练促学　对比填空(in case,in case of)/语段训练
①I took my driving license with me on holiday,　　　　　　　　I wanted to hire a car.
②Almost all the residents in Japan have first-aid kits 　　　　　　　　　　an earthquake.
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　, we students feel very nervous before the end-of-term examination. My tips are as follows. Firstly,　　　　　　　　ought you to quit studying halfway. Besides, you'd better drink a cup of hot milk
　　　　　　you have difficulty sleeping at night.(建议信) 在期末考试前,我们学生感到非常紧张,这是常有的事。我的建议如下。首先,在任何情况下你都不应该半途而废。此外,你最好喝一杯热牛奶,以防你晚上难以入睡。
in case
in case of
As is often the case
in no case
in case
6.occupy vt.占用,占去(时间);占据→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的
→occupation n.占领;职业;工作
佳句背诵　
Because I occupied myself in/was occupied in learning how to play the guitar during the summer break,I am more than delighted to share this experience with you.(情况介绍;2023·全国乙卷)
因为暑假期间我一直在学习吉他,所以我非常乐意与大家分享这段经历。
occupy oneself with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
be occupied with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级
①He 　　　　　　an important position in a company, and is
　　　　　　with all kinds of activities.So his 　　　　　　brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy)
②Because I was occupied in making preparations for our project on a daily basis, I did believe that I wouldn't let my partner down.(2022·浙江1月卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　　　　,I did believe that I wouldn't let my partner down.
(分词短语作状语)
occupies
occupied
occupation
Occupied (in)/Occupying myself (in) making preparations for our project on a daily basis
7.relieve vt.减轻,缓解;解除(ease)→relief n.解脱;(疼痛/问题)减轻,缓和;宽慰
→relieved adj. 感到宽慰的
佳句背诵　
Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to relieve her.(心理描写)
最后能够讲出真话似乎使她感到轻松。
relieve sb of... 解除/减轻某人……方面的负担/痛苦等
to one's relief　 令人感到宽慰的是
in relief　 如释重负;松了口气
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Take the medicine, and you will be relieved 　　　　　　your pain.
②What a 　　　　　　(relieve) that you're happy with your new home.
(2024·全国甲卷)
③　　　　　　　　　　　　, my son finally returned safely.(脱险)
使我非常庆幸的是,我儿子最终平安回来了。
of
relief
To my great relief
I am occupied in studying every day because I have a strong desire to be admitted to a key university. I even put up a picture of the university to remind me of my goal. In order to achieve my goal, I also pay attention to my daily life. I prefer a balanced diet to keep myself energetic, which relieve my mother’s anxiety. In that case, I believe I will make my dream come true in the near future.
8.particular n.尤其,特别;细节,详情 adj.特定的→particularly adv.尤其,特别
佳句背诵　
On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds.(2025·八省联考)
在这个特别的晚上,这位女士来到她通常喂鸟的地点。
in particular(=particularly)尤其,特别
be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①We were 　　　　　　(particular) interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias data.(2024·全国甲卷)
②小女孩如此挑食,她父母感到特别焦虑和担心。(心理描写)
→The little girl was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 her parents felt especially anxious and concerned.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 her parents felt especially anxious and concerned. (倒装)
particularly
so particular about/over food that
So particular about/over food was the little girl that
9.benefit n.好处,益处(good, advantage) vt.& vi.使受益,对(某人)有用;得益于
→beneficial adj.有利的,有裨益的
佳句背诵　
I advocate that we should defend our oceans from being polluted for the benefit of human beings. For example, we ought not to overfish anymore. (海洋保护;2022·全国甲卷) 我主张为了人类的利益,我们应该保护我们的海洋免受污染。例如,我们不应该再过度捕捞了。
be of benefit to 　 对……有益
for one's benefit(=for the benefit of sb) 为了某人的利益
benefit from/by　 从……中受益
be beneficial to　 对……有益
Aimed at building up our body, a campaign of “One Hour of Physical Exercise a Day” will be launched in our school, which can be extremely beneficial to our health.(活动介绍)
为了增强我们的体质,我们学校将开展“每天一小时体育锻炼”活动,这对我们的健康非常有益。
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①The progress of transportation 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　people's life and environmental protection.(科技发展;2024·全国甲卷)
交通的进步给人们的生活和环境保护带来了很多好处。
has brought a lot of benefits to
②最后,我了解到了一本关于我们日常生活中常见树木的小册子,这本小册子使我受益匪浅。 (情况介绍;2023·浙江1月卷)
→Ultimately,I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　.(benefit v.)
→Ultimately,I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(beneficial)
→Ultimately,I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(benefit n.)
which benefited me/from which I benefited a lot
which was particularly beneficial to me
which was of particular benefit to me
10.satisfaction n.满足,满意(content);欣慰→satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.
满意的→satisfactory/satisfying adj.令人满意的
佳句背诵　
Finally, my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction.
最后,我的努力得到了回报——我们获得了A,这让我很满意。(2022·浙江1月卷)
with satisfaction　 满意地
to one's satisfaction 令某人满意的是
satisfy one's needs/demands 满足某人的需要
be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作/语段训练
①You should feel 　　　　　　(satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full.(2024·全国甲卷)
②　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　, please inform us in time so that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(日程安排)
如果你们对我们的安排不满意,请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足你们的需要。
③　　　　　　　　　　　　,with the help of my teacher,I finally succeeded in 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.My teacher nodded her head, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
令我满意的是,在老师的帮助下,我终于成功地写了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头,满意地笑了。
satisfied
If you are not satisfied with our arrangements
we can satisfy your needs/demands
To my satisfaction
writing a satisfying/satisfactory article
smiling with satisfaction
11.amazed adj.大为惊奇的;惊讶的(surprised,shocked,astonished)→amaze vt.
使惊讶→amazement n.惊奇,惊愕→amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的;令人惊喜的
→amazingly adv.惊人地,了不起地
佳句背诵　
Learning that I defeated all the other competitors, my partner opened his mouth wide in amazement and then exclaimed excitedly, “I am amazed at/by your amazing performance. Congratulations!”(情绪描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
得知我打败了其他所有的竞赛者,我的搭档惊讶地张大了嘴巴,然后激动地喊道:“我对你让人惊喜的表现感到吃惊。恭喜!”
be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth　 对做某事感到惊奇
be amazed that... 对……感到惊讶
in amazement　 惊讶地
to one's amazement　 让某人惊讶的是
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　a hummingbird was covered in spider-webs,barely able to move her wings.(细节描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
我惊奇地发现,一只蜂鸟浑身都是蜘蛛网,几乎无法移动她的翅膀。
was amazed to find that
②让我们吃惊的是,大卫左腿流着血,却能成功地跑过终点。
(情感描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　,David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding. (amazement)
→We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding. (amazed)
→David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (非限制性定语从句; amazed)
To our amazement
were amazed that
which made us amazed
12.defend vi.& vt.保护,保卫(protect,preserve,guard)→defense n.保卫;防守队员,
后卫;辩护→defensive adj.防御(性)的;防守的;保护的
佳句背诵　
He defended me against/from being injured at the risk of his life and tears of gratitude flowed down my cheeks.(心理描写)
他冒着生命危险保护我免受伤害,感激的泪水顺着我的脸颊流淌。
defend...against/from (doing...) 保护……免受……
defend sb with sth　 用……保护某人
in defense (of) 保护;为了保卫;(为……)辩护
in one's defense　 为某人辩护
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①If he seems a little 　　　　　　(defend), it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②狼紧紧地追在他后面,他下了自行车,拿起一根棍子保护自己。(动作描写)
→With the wolf running closely after him,he got off his bike and
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(defense)
→With the wolf running closely after him,he got off his bike and
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(defend)
defensive
took up a stick in defense of himself
defended himself with a stick
13.let sb down使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
佳句背诵　
I believe I can be a good volunteer and I won't let you down.(申请信)
我相信我能成为一名优秀的志愿者,我不会让你们失望的。
let in 　 允许进入;容许
let alone　 更不用说;不管
let out 发出;放出
let go of　 放;释放
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①We should open the windows regularly to let fresh air 　　　　　so as to prevent diseases.
②Seeing many yellow handkerchiefs dancing in the wind,the children on the bus jumped to their feet,clapped their hands and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
“Your beloved wife 　　　　　　　　　　　　　.” The man sighed in relief.
(动作描写)
看着黄手帕随风舞动,公交车上的孩子们跳了起来,拍着手,发出激动的欢呼声:“你亲爱的妻子没有让你失望。”这个男人松了口气,如释重负。
in
let out loud shouts of excitement
didn’t let you down
14.keep up with跟上;保持同步
佳句背诵　
I prefer reading Youth,which can make me keep up with the changes of modern times.Many articles end up with famous sayings,which give me the inspiration to study harder to catch up with others in learning.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我更喜欢读Youth,它能让我跟上现代的变化。许多文章以名言结尾,这给了我更努力学习的鼓舞,以便在学习上赶上别人。
catch up with 跟上(强调动作)
come up with 想出;拿出;提出
put up with 忍耐,忍受;熬过
end up with 以……结束
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①Families gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
家人在星期天、生日或任何他们能想到的理由来聚餐。
②However,we don't have to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　. There is an urgent need to 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(海洋保护;2022·全国甲卷)
然而,我们没有必要容忍海洋污染。现在急需想出一些可行的保护海洋的措施。
they can come up with
put up with the ocean pollution
come up with some achievable measures to protect oceans
In order not to let my parents down, I study every subject very hard to keep up with other students, English in particular. Reading aloud is of great benefit to English learning, so I get up very early to read English every morning. My parents are amazed by my diligence. To my satisfaction, I have made great progress in my English.
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can't.(2023·全国乙卷) 　　　　　
②Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing company and transportation.(2021·浙江6月卷) 　　　　　
n.情况;状况
n.陪伴,做伴
③To many people, saving lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded.(2021·全国乙卷) 　　　　　
④Her account is correct in every particular so you can learn from it. 　　　　　
n.额外的事物
n.细节
2.选出track的汉语意思
D
A
C
B
3.选出tip的汉语意思
C
B
D
A
4.根据上下文写出sight的词性和词义
　　My new neighbour is an old woman who lives alone. She suffered from a serious disease two years ago, which has affected her ①sight,bringing her a lot of inconvenience. At the first ②sight of her, I was very surprised at her condition. Yesterday she told me that she was impressed by the beautiful ③sights of Beijing, particularly the ④sight of the raising of the national flag. When seeing the old woman walking slowly out of ⑤sight,I burst into tears.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
①n.视觉　②n.看见　③n.名胜,景点　④n.情景　⑤n.视野
1.句型公式:This/That is because...
课本原句:This is all because I exercise quite regularly.这都是因为我经常锻炼。
佳句背诵　
I strongly recommend the listening and speaking course.This is because the course can help you to adapt to the life in China sooner.(推荐信)
我强烈推荐听说课。这是因为这门课可以帮助你更快地适应中国的生活。
The reason why we should read more classics is that reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.　 我们应多读些经典作品的原因是阅读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活,减轻我们的压力。
(1)This/That is because... 这/那是因为……
(2)This/That is why... 这/那就是……的原因
(3)The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　,and one great way is jumping rope during your break between two classes.
(学校生活;2024·浙江1月卷)
这就是为什么在白天站起来四处走动很重要,一个很好的方法是在两节课的课间跳绳。
That’s why it’s important to get up and move around during the day
②他被称为活雷锋,这是因为他经常全力以赴地向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手。
(人物介绍;2023·天津3月卷)
→He is called a living Lei Feng.　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 .
→The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　he often goes all out to offer a hand to whoever needs help.
This is because he often goes all out to offer
a hand to whoever needs help
why he is called a living Lei Feng is that
2.句型公式:祈使句+and/or+陈述句
课本原句:And don't drink too much while running,or it'll make you feel sick.
跑步时不要喝太多水,否则会让你感到不舒服。
佳句背诵　
Follow the above suggestions and you will find it easy to change your terrible situation.(建议信)
遵循上面的建议,你会发现很容易改变你的糟糕状况。
“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句,and/or之后的句子相当于主句。具体用法如下:
·祈使句+and+陈述句=If...,+主句
·祈使句+or/otherwise/or else+陈述句=If...not...,+主句
·名词词组(常含有more,another等词)+and+陈述句
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Keep a balanced diet rather than only consuming meat, 　　　　　　you will be in bad shape.
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 your initial ambition.(建议信) 改掉你的坏习惯,否则你将永远无法实现你最初的志向。
③I encouraged David,“Cheer up! 　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　 . ”
(语言描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我鼓励大卫说:“振作起来!再努力一点,你很快就会到达终点的。”
Make more efforts/More efforts/If you make
more efforts and you will reach the finishing line soon
or
Get rid of your bad habit,otherwise you will never achieve
3.句型公式:“否定词+比较级”表示最高级
课本原句:There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.
没有比这更好的方法来认识自己、了解自己的能力了。
佳句背诵　
And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.　当我们感到沮丧或孤独时,最美好的事情莫过于看到好朋友的笑脸。
表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构:
(1)“否定词+比较级”结构表示最高级意义,通常意为“没有比……更……;没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有:no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。
(2)can never/can't与too、too much、enough连用时,表示肯定意义,意为“再怎样……也不过分”。
我的搭档真诚地提醒我:“当做我们项目的时候,你怎么细心都不为过。”
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①My partner reminded me sincerely,“　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 when doing our project.”(语言描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
You can’t be too careful/can’t be
careful enough
②He has a large amount of experience,so I make sure that 　 　　　　
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　 　　　　　.
Besides,　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　.(推荐信)
他有许多经验,因此我保证您不可能找到比他更胜任这个职位的人了。另外,没人比他更慷慨、更善良。
you can’t find a
person more qualified for the position than him
nobody is more generous and kind hearted than him
关 键 能 力 考 查
维度一　核心知识运用
1.The 　　　　　　(athlete) are 　　　　　 (jog) in the stadium to warm up in case they get injured when training.
2.The sharp decrease in turnover caused the saleswoman's salary to fall
　　　　　　(sharp),which made her resign in 　　　　　　　 (disappoint).
3.Of course, I would have 　　　　　　(prefer) a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. (2024·全国甲卷)
athletes
jogging
sharply
disappointment
preferred
4.For example,the experience of walking along the edge of water might be
　　　　　　　 (satisfy) for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
5.China has a 　　　　　　(responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. (2022·全国乙卷)
6.　　　　　　 my opinion, reading books and visiting websites can enhance students' writing skills while listening to songs and watching movies are
　　　　　　(benefit) to improving their spoken English. (2022·全国乙卷)
7.In other words,he,rather than I,　　　　　　　　 (intend) to experience the
　　　　　　(challenge) experiment in person up to now.
satisfying
responsibility
In
beneficial
has intended
challenging
8.To be frank,my desire 　　　　　　 (become) a volunteer never leaves me for a moment.
9.The expert is particular 　　　　　　the quality of hardware and thus won't buy a computer without a certificate.
10.I believe that my son has the competence to finish the challenging task perfectly and he won't let me 　　　　　　.
to become
about/over
down
维度二　单句写作
1.We should walk or ride bikes as much as we can.　　　　　　　 ,
we can reduce the emission of CO2. (This is because...)
　我们应该尽可能地多走路或者骑自行车。这是因为通过这样做,我们可以减少二氧化碳的排放。
2.In her eyes,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(“否定词+比较级”表示最高级)
　在她眼中,没有比这更美味的早餐了。
This is because by doing this
no breakfast is more delicious than this
3.Take a deep breath,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
(祈使句+and+陈述句)
　深呼吸,你就会减轻你的紧张。
4.Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall, 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (定语从句)
　博格斯身高只有一米六,是NBA历史上最矮的球员。
5.Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(定语从句)
每个人都知道保罗有真正的技术,他工作非常努力,并且有强烈的愿望为球队效力。
and you will relieve your nervousness
which made him the shortest
player ever in the NBA
who worked really
hard and had a strong desire to play for the team
维度三　单元知识拾遗
1.To live a healthy life, we should 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, through regular exercise.
　为了过上健康的生活,我们应通过定期锻炼来满足身体需要。
2.Suddenly,he crashed into another athlete and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　,
　injuring his ankle badly.
　突然,他撞上了另一名运动员,失去了平衡,脚踝严重受伤。
3.All the boys in my class 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　
and they performed quite perfectly.
　我们班所有的男生都参加了竞技篮球比赛,他们表现得相当出色。
satisfy our physical demands
lost his balance
tried out for the competitive basketball match
4.Knowing that my family couldn't afford to repair our old truck,
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,I bit my lips, grasped the money I earned and ran like the wind to my home.
　得知我家无力支付修理旧卡车的钱,更不用说买辆新的之后,我咬了咬嘴唇,攥着我挣的钱,像风一样跑回家。
5.　　　　　　　　　　　　, the missing child returned home ten days later,
　　　　　　　　　 .
　让我们感到欣慰的是,那个丢失的孩子十天后返回了家里,疲惫不堪却很健康。
6.In order to be 　　　　　　　　　, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 is quite necessary.
　为了保持良好的健康状况,有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。
let alone buy a new one
To our relief
tired but healthy
in good shape
a proper amount of regular exercise
7.At this time look after your health and take steps to 　　　　　　　　 　　
　　　　　　. 此刻要照顾自己的健康,采取步骤加强自己的免疫系统。
8.What made him happy was that after all these years he at last
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。
9.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　,please call me up.
万一发生什么重要的事情,请给我打电话。
10.I have been so 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 that I haven't had time for social activities.
我一直忙于工作,没有时间参加社交活动。
strengthen your immune
system
paid off all his debts
In case anything important happens
occupied with work
写 作 素 养 培 优
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(广播稿——运动改变了我)
　　假定本周是你校的体育周,请你用英语为你校广播站写一篇题为“运动改变了我”的稿件,介绍你运动观念的转变。内容包括:
1.你之前的状态;
2.你运动的经历;
3.你的改变。
根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①今天,我很荣幸能在此与大家分享运动的好处以及我个人对此的经历和感受。
(benefit)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
②曾经有一段时间我讨厌运动,因为运动让我出汗和疲惫。(There was a time when...,make复合结构,sweat)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Today, I’m honored to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings.
There was a time when I hated exercising because it made me sweat and tired.
③在尝试之后,我发现运动很有益。运动不仅能强身健体,还能使我们保持精力充沛。 (beneficial,strengthen,energetic)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
④我最喜欢的运动是慢跑。那是因为慢跑能缓解我的压力,坚持慢跑还能帮助我预防疾病。 (jogging,That's because...,relieve,prevent diseases)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
After trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only can sports strengthen our body, but also keep us energetic.
My favorite sport is jogging. That’s because jogging can relieve my stress, and keeping jogging can also help me prevent diseases.
⑤我经常和爸爸一起去慢跑,我觉得这很有趣也很酷。另外,坚持慢跑给了我很大的满足感。 (which引导非限制性定语从句,satisfaction)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
⑥生命在于运动,让我们利用一切机会一起锻炼吧。 (take advantage of)
　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　
I often go jogging with my father,which I find really fun and cool. Besides, sticking to jogging gives me great satisfaction.
As life lies in movement, let’s take advantage of every opportunity to work out together.
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)
Today, I’m honored to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings.
There was a time when I hated exercising because it made me sweat and tired. However, after trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only can sports strengthen our body, but also keep us energetic. My favorite sport is jogging. That’s because jogging can relieve my stress, and keeping jogging can also help me prevent diseases. I often go jogging with my father, which I find really fun and cool. Besides, sticking to jogging gives me great satisfaction.
As life lies in movement, let’s take advantage of every opportunity to work out together.
Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单词 bite v.　　　　　　 咬
wipe v. 擦干净,抹掉
clap v. 拍手,鼓掌
encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的,鼓励的
relieved adj. 放心的,宽慰的
warmth n. 温暖,暖和;热情
词块 keep up with　　　　跟上;不落后
let sb down 让某人失望
reach out one's hands 伸出双手
美句 1.What let me down was that I had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists.　使我失望的是我很难跟上其他骑自行车的人。
2.Amazingly,a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart.
令人惊奇的是,一种温暖和宽慰的感觉涌进了我的内心深处。
3.Smiling in satisfaction,my teacher reached out his hands with his fingers forming a“heart”,saying,“You are great.”
我的老师满意地笑着,伸出他的手,用他的手指比成一个“心”形,说:“你很棒。”
2.场景片段训练(参加自行车比赛的心理活动:失望→受到鼓舞→宽慰)
Last Sunday,I took part in a cycling competition held in my school.
①　　　　　　　　　　　　(what引导的主语从句) was that I had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists.I ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　. Just at that time,my classmates clapped for me and
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. Amazingly, ④　　　　　 　
　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (无灵主语句).
⑤　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (what引导的主语从句)
What let me down
bit my lips and wiped the tears
from my cheeks
cast an encouraging glance at me
a mixture of warmth
and relief welled up in my deep heart
What made me relieved
was that I finally finished the competition. ⑥　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
(动词-ing形式作状语),my teacher reached out his hands
⑦　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　 (with复合结构),saying,“You are great.”
上个星期天我参加了在我的学校举办的自行车比赛。使我失望的是我很难跟上其他骑自行车的人。我咬着嘴唇,擦去脸颊上的泪水。就在那时,我的同学们为我鼓起了掌,并向我投来鼓励的目光。令人惊奇的是,一种温暖和宽慰的感觉涌进了我的内心深处。使我松了一口气的是我终于完成了比赛。我的老师满意地笑着,伸出他的手,用他的手指比成一个“心”形,说:“你很棒。”
Smiling in satisfaction
with his fingers forming a “heart”
高 考 同 源 研 探
　　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷A篇)
Choice of Walks for Beginner and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow's mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1—The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time:Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point:Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration:6 hours
Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time:Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point:Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration:5 hours
Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night-time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time:Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point:The Town Hall
Walk Duration:3 hours
Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well-surfaced forest path.
Date and Time:Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point:Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration:1.5 hours
真题再做
21.Which walk takes the shortest time
A.The Natural World.
B.Introduction to Hillwalking.
C.Moonlight Under the Stars.
D.Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
√
22.What are participants in Walk 3 required to do
A.Wear proper clothes.
B.Join a walking club.
C.Get special permits.
D.Bring a survival guide.
√
23.What do the four walks have in common
A.They involve difficult climbing.
B.They are for experienced walkers.
C.They share the same start point.
D.They are scheduled for the weekend.
√
思维建模
直接信息题——比对关键信息出答案
第一步 快速浏览题干,定位题干关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息。
第二步 根据关键信息,定位信息、区间。采用略读或寻读的方法快速浏览文章,找到相关内容。
第三步 仔细对比,确定答案。比对选项内容和原文关键信息,确定答案。
以例示法
如22题,根据Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars中的“A torch (手电筒) along with...permission to participate.”可知,穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加该活动,即参加Walk 3的徒步者需要穿着合适的衣服。故选A项。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
1.environmentalist / n va r n ment l st/n. 环境保护主义者,环境保护论者 2.informative / n f m t v/ adj. 提供有用信息的,增长见闻的 3.habitat / h b t t/ n. (动植物的)生活环境,栖息地 4.accessible / k ses bl/ adj. 可到达的,可进入的 5.insight / nsa t/ n. 了解;洞察力 6.breathtaking / breθte k / adj. 激动人心的,令人惊叹的 7.presence / prezns/ n. 出席,存在 8.inappropriately / n pr pri tli/ adv. 不适当地 1.a great opportunity for the beginner
初学者的好机会
2.have a passion for 对……充满热情
3.step out of your comfort zone走出你的舒适区
4.be essential for walking in the dark
对于在黑暗中行走是必不可少的
5.introduce you to the basic principles of photography向你介绍摄影的基本原理
6.enjoy the wonderful views 欣赏美景
析 长 难 语 句 This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. [句式分析]　本句可简化为:This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills;required for hillwalking为过去分词作　　　　　　　　;to ensure...为不定式短语作　　　　　　　　;you get the most...为省略that的　　　　 从句。 [尝试翻译]　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　
后置定语
目的状语
宾语
这次登山之旅让你深入了解徒步登山所需的技巧,以确保你从未来的徒步旅行中获得最大的收获。
课 时 作 业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·贵阳高三适应性考试)
A new study estimates more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity.People with obesity are considered medically overweight.The study,published in the medical publication The Lancet,said that one in eight people are obese.Researchers said around 43 percent of adults were overweight in 2022.Obesity among adults has more than doubled since 1990. Among young people aged 5 to 19,the obesity rate increased by four times during the same period.
“A staggering number of people are living with obesity,and severe obesity is strongly linked to a long list of health problems and an early death,” declared the lead writer of the study,Majid Ezzati,a professor at Imperial College London.
The WHO noted that at the World Health Assembly in 2022,member states agreed to an agency plan to fight obesity.So far,31 governments “are now leading the way” to reduce obesity by carrying out goals of the plan.
These include government measures to enact new rules on “harmful” marketing of unhealthy food and drinks to children.In addition,governments are aiming to improve school and nutrition policies.They are also seeking price reductions for healthy foods to increase public awareness about healthy diets and exercise and to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools.
Imperial College London’s Ezzati said that obesity rates are not rising in many wealthier nations.But they are quickly increasing in other countries.He noted that some countries have many underweight people,meaning the nations are facing what he called a “double burden”of nutrition problems.
Branca is head of nutrition at the WHO.He told reporters,“In the past,we have been thinking of obesity as a problem of the rich,but obesity is a problem of the world.Although new obesity drugs—such as Ozempic and Wegovy—could be helpful tools in reducing obesity,they noted that the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。一项新的研究发现,在全球范围内现有10亿多人肥胖。文章主要分析了肥胖这一社会性问题和采取的措施,以及应对肥胖时存在的问题等。
1.What does the underlined word “staggering” mean
A.Satisfying. B.Encouraging.
C.Astonishing. D.Puzzling.
√
解析　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity”和“one in eight people are obese”以及“around 43 percent of adults were overweight...increased by four times during the same period”可知,世界上肥胖人数众多,有八分之一的人口肥胖,2022年约有43%的成年人超重,成年人的肥胖率增加了一倍多,5至19岁的年轻人肥胖率同期增加了四倍。由此可见,肥胖的人数是一个令人震惊的数字,故选C项。
2.What is included in the plan led by 31 governments
A.Setting laws to ban the sale of unhealthy food.
B.Increasing the cost for people to consume healthy food.
C.Attaching importance to physical activity.
D.Offering lower-priced obesity drugs to people.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools”(加强对学校体育活动的要求)可知,31个政府领导的计划包括对体育锻炼的重视,故选C项。
3.What does Ezzati mean by mentioning the“double burden”
A.Some countries are suffering both poverty and obesity.
B.Some countries are suffering both poor nutrition and obesity.
C.Obesity is common in both poor and wealthy countries.
D.Obesity is a heavy burden for some countries.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中该短语前面的“obesity rates...are quickly increasing in other countries.He noted that some countries have many underweight people”可知,其他国家的肥胖率迅速增加,一些国家还有很多体重不足的人,这些国家正在面临着被Ezzati称为“double burden”的营养问题。由此可见,Ezzati提到“double burden”意思是一些国家可能同时遭遇营养不良和肥胖问题,故选B项。
4.What is Branca’s attitude to the obesity problem
A.Negative. B.Indifferent.
C.Ambiguous. D.Optimistic.
√
解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段中Branca所说的“obesity is a problem of the world...the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality”可知,Branca认为肥胖是一个全球性问题,而减肥药的成本和可用性可能会增加不公平。由此可见,Branca对肥胖问题是持消极态度的,故选A项。
(2025·太原高三模拟)
Influenced by factors like school funding,sports facilities,teacher resources and safety concerns,traditional physical education was limited to static (静态的) scenes and closed gyms and playgrounds,which lacked interaction and feedback functions.PE curriculum was also restricted to basic sports like ball games,track and field and gymnastics.However,the emergence and application of new technologies like virtual reality (VR),3D technology,greatly expand and innovate sports scenes,providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible “on-site,on-campus,online” integrated new sports world.
IT can build online virtual learning environments for students,creating teaching scenes hard to achieve in physical world.Many schools have already partnered with technology companies to create different teaching scenes using digital sports products.The University of South Florida has cooperated with the VR sports training company Sense Arena,allowing students to practice tennis on its globally pioneering VR tennis training platform.Students use the Meta Quest 2 headset and the VR touching racket (球拍) which imitates the weight and feel of a real tennis racket.The platform features 35 training modes imitating various scenes in real-life tennis matches,including crowd noise,dazzling sunlight, shadows and wind.Athletes can engage in various forms of training,such as skill practice,technical analysis and match imitation.Such virtual sports teaching space further enhances the experience of PE learning.
Technology-based physical education not only serves ordinary students’ physical health but also addresses the needs of special groups in sports,especially students who cannot participate in regular PE classes due to physical, psychological or social adaptation issues.Many schools offer specialized sports programs to disabled students,like the “Pathways to Inclusion” program launched by the University of Queensland,which tailors various sports activities to different disabilities such as blind football and wheelchair hockey.This is made possible with the support of sports technology,as different symptoms require the use of different sports equipment.
Through scientific,healthy and joyful educational concepts,technology-empowered PE classes convey the values of creating and enjoying a personalized experience,developing a sports education where everyone participates and benefits.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新科技(VR)的应用解决了传统的体育课存在的问题,改变了学校体育课的上课模式,而且残障学生也能从中获益。
5.How do new technologies change traditional PE classes according to Paragraph 1
A.By investing more in basic sports.
B.By combining it with academic study.
C.By making dynamic PE classes possible.
D.By replacing PE teachers with AI teachers.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the emergence and application of new technologies...providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible...new spots world”可知,VR的出现拓展和创新了体育场景,提供了一种动态的体育课模式。C选项中的“By making dynamic PE classes possible”和原文中的“providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible...new sports world”是同义转换,故选C项。
6.Which of the following services can Sense Arena provide
A.Real-life tennis matches.
B.Virtual headsets and rackets.
C.Imitative distracting conditions.
D.Sufficient sports space on campus.
√
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The platform features 35 training modes...shadows and wind.”可知,这个平台提供了35种训练模式,模拟了现实网球比赛中各种各样的场景,包括人群中的噪声、刺眼的太阳光、树荫和风等,故选C项。
7.What does “Pathways to Inclusion” program feature
A.Professional knowledge about psychology.
B.Technology-assisted sports for the disabled.
C.Interactive activities with ordinary students.
D.Personalized medical treatment for disabilities.
√
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“which tailors various sports activities to different...as different symptoms require the use of different sports equipment”可知,这个项目为不同的残疾人定制了不同的运动项目。由于残疾人需要的运动设备是不一样的,而这个新科技解决了这个问题,故选B项。
8.What is the author’s writing purpose of the text
A.To advertise a new VR product.
B.To raise public awareness of physical education.
C.To stress the importance of equality among students.
D.To introduce a new application of technology in PE classes.
√
解析　写作意图题。全文主要介绍了新科技(VR)的出现改变了传统的体育课模式,所有的学生都从中获益,包括残障学生。根据第一段中的“However...providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible‘on-site,on-campus,online, integrated new sports world.”可知,本文主要介绍了新科技在体育课中的应用,故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·潍坊高三模拟)
Ryan’s class at Tully Elementary School was planning a hike at Falls of the Ohio State Park.But since the site isn’t wheelchair 　1　,her mother,Shelly,tried to find a way to make sure she could 　2　.
Ryan had missed out on a similar class trip last year as a third grader.When Shelly 　3　 the upcoming class field trip,she 　4　 began to think about making a plan B.“I was preparing for an‘alternate field trip day’,”she 　5　 on the “Team Ryan” online page,　6　 for her 10-year-old daughter,diagnosed with spina bifida (脊柱裂) as a baby.
Jim,a teacher at the school,　7　 to carry Ryan around on his back all day.This way she could 　8　explore the fossil (化Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.badminton n.　 羽毛球
2.golf n. 高尔夫
3.gymnastics n. 体操
4.bowling n. 保龄球
5.skateboard n. 滑板
vi. 用滑板滑行
6.stair n. 楼梯;梯级
7.net n. (网球等的)球网;网
8.court n. (网球等的)球场
9.underdog n. 处于劣势的人(队);弱方
10.guy n. (非正式)男人,家伙
11.shot n. 投球,击球;机会
12.bench n. 替补队员席
13.replacement n. 替换的人(物)
14.boxing n. 拳击(运动)
15.bounce vi.& vt. (使)弹起,(使)反弹
16.belt n. 腰带,皮带
17.annual adj. 一年一度的,每年的
18.warm up n. 热身运动,准备活动
19.halfway adv. 半途地
20.immune adj. 免疫的;有免疫力的
21.immune system 免疫系统
22.membership n. 会员身份
23.upper adj. 较上的,上面的
24.oxygen n. 氧
25.ache n. 隐痛
26.guideline n. 指导方针,指导原则
27.click vi.& vt. 点击(鼠标)
28.principle n. 原则,基本的观念
29.shortcut n. 捷径,近路
30.overnight adv. 突然,一下子
31.muscle n. 肌肉
32.bone n. 骨头,骨
33.overdo vt. 把……做得过火
34.overtake vt. 超过
35.sportsmanship n. 体育精神
36.bronze n. 铜
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.a great athlete 一名伟大的运动员
2.go jogging 去慢跑
3.a balanced diet 均衡饮食
4.within ten minutes 在十分钟之内
5.defeat an enemy 打败敌人
6.a former Olympic champion 前奥运会冠军
7.desire to play for the team 渴望为球队效力
8.crash into a tree 撞到树上
9.rush onto the court 冲向球场上
10.extra money 额外的钱
11.clap your hands 拍手
12.earn a bachelor’s degree 获得学士学位
13.a large audience 很多观众
14.remind him of his mother 使他想起他的母亲
15.bitten by the dog 被狗咬了
16.quit smoking 戒烟
17.the public health system 公共卫生系统
18.a weekly newspaper 周报
19.an awkward silence 令人尴尬的沉默
20.a highly capable individual 一个非常能干的人
21.prevent diseases 预防疾病
22.the blood flow 血液流动
23.a large amount of money 大量的资金
24.beads of sweat 汗珠
25.the gold medal 金牌
26.a graceful gesture 优雅的姿态
Ⅲ.一词多义
1.track n.跑道,径赛运动;足迹;轨迹;小道,小径 vt.跟踪;追踪
①a rough mountain track
一条崎岖不平的山间小道
②track the dogs’ eye movements
追踪狗的眼部活动
2.company n.公司;一群人;陪伴,做伴
①keep him company陪伴他
②an engineering company 一家工程公司
3.pack n.绷带,敷布;包,包裹 vi.& vt.把……包起来
①pack your backpack 收拾背包
②a pack of gum 一包口香糖
4.tip n.建议,忠告,窍门;小费;实用的提示;尖端 vt.付小费;倾倒;使倾斜
①useful tips实用的建议
②the tip of an iceberg冰山的尖端
③tip the porter给搬运工小费
5.case n.状况,场合;事例,实例;病例;案件
①small wooden cases小巧的木箱
②her divorce case她的离婚案
6.sight n.视野;视力,视觉;看见,见到;景物,景象;名胜,景点 vt.看见
①lose one’s sight 失明
②enjoy natural sights欣赏自然风光
③catch sight of a polar bear看到一只北极熊
Ⅳ.派生单词
1.frequency n. 发生的频率,发生率
frequent adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
frequently adv. 频繁地,经常地
2.prefer vt. 更喜欢
preference n. 偏爱;喜爱
3.cycle vi. 骑自行车
cyclist n. 骑自行车者
4.balanced adj. 均衡的
balance n. 平衡;均衡;天平;余额
v. 使保持平衡
5.regularly adv. 经常;定期地
regular adj. 通常的;规则的
irregular adj. 不规则的
6.inspiration n. 激动,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感
inspire vt. 鼓励;激励;使产生灵感
inspired adj. 借助灵感创作的;卓越的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
7.sharply adv. 严厉地,毫不客气地
sharp adj. 急剧的;锋利的;强烈的
sharpen vt. (使)变得锋利/清晰
8.energy n. 力量,活力
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地
9.crowd n. 人群
v. 挤满,塞满;涌上(心头);涌入(脑海)
crowded adj. 拥挤的;充满的
10.announcement n. 通告,公告
announce vt. 宣布;宣告
announcer n. 广播员;播音员
11.defence n. 防守队员,后卫
defend vi.& vt. 保护;保卫
defensive adj. 防御(性)的;防守的;保护的
12.prohibit vt. 禁止
prohibition n. 禁止
13.application n. 申请书
apply vt.& vi. 申请;请求
vt. 应用
applicant n. 申请人
14.occupy vt. 占用,占去(时间)
occupied adj. 使用中;有人使用(或居住);忙于;被占领的;被侵占的
occupation n. 职业;工作;占领
15.disappointment n. 失望;扫兴;沮丧
disappoint vt. 使失望
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的
16.amazingly adv. 惊人地,了不起地
amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的
amaze vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕
amazed adj. 大为惊奇的;惊讶的
amazement n. 惊奇,惊愕
17.relieve vt. 减轻,缓解
relief n. 减轻,缓和;宽慰;解脱
relieved adj. 感到宽慰的
18.strengthen vi.& vt. (使)强健
strength n. 力气;实力;优势
strong adj. 强壮的
19.particular n. 尤其,特别
adj. 特定的
particularly adv. 尤其,特别
20.benefit n. 好处,益处
beneficial adj. 有利的,有裨益的
21.equipment n. 设备,装备
equip v. 配备
22.detail n. 细节
detailed adj. 详细的;精细的
23.achievable adj. 可完成的;做得成的
achieve v. 达到;完成
achievement n. 成就
24.satisfaction n. 满足,满意
satisfy vt. 使满意
satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
satisfied adj. 满意的
25.response n. 回答,答复
respond v. 回答,答复
26.flexibility n. 灵活性
flexible adj. 灵活的
Ⅴ.短语词块
1.try out for sth　 参加……选拔
2.gather around 聚集
3.let sb down 使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
4.pay off 取得成功;奏效
5.keep up with 跟上,保持同步
6.sign up 报名
7.ought to 应该,应当
8.cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
9.be fed up with 厌烦的,不满的,无法再忍受的
10.be capable of 有能力做
11.make sure 确保
12.take advantage of sth 利用某物
13.rather than 而不是
14.in good/bad shape 健康状况良好/不佳
15.in case 以防万一
16.in particular 尤其,特别
17.not...anymore 不再……
18.be on the school basketball team 是学校篮球队的队员
19.huge fans of the NBA NBA的铁杆粉丝
20.on the court 在球场上
21.win by two points 以两分优势获胜
22.earn your place on the team 在队中赢得你的一席之地
23.strengthen your immune system 增强你的免疫系统
24.reduce the risk of serious health problems 降低严重健康问题的风险
Ⅵ.教材佳句
1.This is all because I exercise quite regularly. (This/That is because...)
这都是因为我经常锻炼。
2.Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall,which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (which引导非限制性定语从句,make复合结构)
博格斯身高只有一米六,是NBA历史上最矮的球员。
3.“Well,” said the coach as he hit Paul on the shoulder,“you’ve just earned your place on the team,big guy!” (动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位)
“嗯,”教练一边拍着保罗的肩膀一边说,“你已经为自己赢得了球队中的位置,‘大个子’!”
4.As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long distance running in particular has a lot of benefits. (as引导非限制性定语从句)
正像人们常说的,锻炼总比不锻炼好,尤其是长跑有很多好处。
5.There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of. (“否定词+比较级”表示最高级)
没有比这更好的方法来认识自己、了解自己的能力了。
6.And don’t drink too much while running, or it’ll make you feel sick. (祈使句+and/or+陈述句)
跑步时不要喝太多水,否则你会感到不舒服。
7.There will be times when you want to give up. (There/It be a time/times when...)
有时候你会想放弃。
8.Esteban had been cycling as hard as he could for hours and with the finishing line in sight all the cyclists began to speed up to cross it. (with复合结构)
埃斯特班尽最大努力骑了好几个小时了,终点线就在眼前,所有的自行车运动员开始加速通过终点。
构词法日积月累
名词后缀 ment:①表示……的动作　②表示……的结果
直接加 ment replacement替换的人(物)　disappointment失望;扫兴;沮丧　announcement通告,公告　equipment设备,装备　agreement协议,协定;同意 excitement激动,兴奋 movement移动;运动　improvement改善;改进之处　achievement成绩,成就
去掉结尾字 母e加 ment argument争论,争吵;acknowledgment感谢;承认;judgment判断;裁判
Step One　写一写
Ⅰ.阅读单词
1.play badminton打羽毛球
2.do gymnastics 做体操
3.walk up the stairs 走上楼梯
4.on the court 在球场上
5.a very smart guy 一个很聪明的家伙
6.do jump shots 做跳投
7.just a replacement 只是一个替补队员
8.bounce the ball 拍球
9.Please fasten your safety belt. 请系好你的安全带。
10.quit the race halfway 中途退出比赛
11.make your immune system strong 增强你的免疫系统
12.a gym membership 健身房的会员
13.upper body strength 上肢力量
14.oxygen content 氧含量
15.have an ache in my right arm 我的右臂痛
16.guidelines on running 有关跑步的指导
17.click on the links below 点击下面的链接
18.three principles of running 跑步的三个原则
19.take a shortcut 走近路
20.become famous overnight 一夜成名
21.build up muscles 增强肌肉
22.broken bones 骨折
23.Don’t overdo new exercises. 不要过度进行新的锻炼。
24.his show of sportsmanship 他表现出的体育精神
25.the bronze medal 铜牌
Ⅱ.核心单词
1.athlete n. 运动员
2.jog vi.& n. 慢跑
3.diet n. 日常饮食
4.within prep. 在……之内
5.defeat vt. (在比赛、战争中)战胜,打败
6.company n. 公司;一群人
7.champion n. 冠军,第一名
8.desire n. 渴望
9.crash vi.& vt. 猛撞
10. gather vi.& vt. 聚集,聚合
11.pack n. 绷带,敷布;包,包裹
vi.& vt. 把……包起来
12.extra adj. 额外的,另外的
13.clap vi.& vt. 鼓掌,拍手
14.earn vt. 赢得;博得
15.audience n. 观众;听众
16.bite vi.& vt. 咬
17.case n. 状况,场合;事例,实例
18.quit vi.& vt. 停止(做某事)
19.tip n. 建议,忠告,窍门
20.system n. 系统
21.weekly adj. 一周一次的,每周的
22.awkward adj. 令人尴尬的
23.capable adj. 能干的;能力强的
24.prevent vt. 预防;阻止,阻挡
25.disease n. 疾病
26.flow vi. 流,流动
n. 流动
27.amount n. 数量,数额
28.sweat n. 汗水
29.sight n. 视野
30.gesture n. 姿态;手势;姿势
Ⅲ.派生单词
1.frequent adj. 频繁的;经常发生的
frequently adv. 频繁地,经常地
frequency n. 发生的频率,发生率
2.prefer vt. 更喜欢
preference n. 偏爱;喜爱
3.balance n. 平衡;均衡;天平;余额
v. 使保持平衡
balanced adj. 均衡的
4.regular adj. 通常的;规则的
regularly adv. 经常;定期地
irregular adj. 不规则的
5.inspire vt. 鼓励;激励;使产生灵感
inspired adj. 借助灵感创作的;卓越的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的;启发灵感的
inspiration n. 激动,鼓舞;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感
6.sharp adj. 急剧的;锋利的;强烈的
sharply adv. 严厉地,毫不客气地
sharpen vt. (使)变得锋利/清晰
7.energy n. 力量,活力
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
energetically adv. 精力充沛地
8.crowd n. 人群
v. 挤满;塞满;涌上(心头);涌入(脑海)
crowded adj. 拥挤的;充满的
9.announce vt. 宣布;宣告
announcer n. 广播员;播音员
announcement n. 通告,公告
10.defend vi.& vt. 保护;保卫
defence n. 防守队员,后卫;保卫;辩护
defensive adj. 防御(性)的;防守的;保护的
11.apply vt.& vi. 申请;请求
vt. 应用
application n. 申请书;申请;应用
applicant n. 申请人
12.occupy vt. 占用,占去(时间);占据
occupied adj. 使用中;有人使用(或居住);忙于;被占领的;被侵占的
occupation n. 职业;工作;占领
13.disappoint vt. 使失望
disappointment n. 失望;扫兴;沮丧
disappointing adj. 令人失望的
disappointed adj. 失望的;沮丧的
14.amaze vt. 使惊奇,使惊愕
amazing adj. 令人大为惊奇的
amazingly adv. 惊人地,了不起地
amazed adj. 大为惊奇的;惊讶的
amazement n. 惊奇,惊愕
15.relief n. 减轻,缓和;宽慰;解脱
relieve vt. 减轻,缓解;解除
relieved adj. 感到宽慰的
16.strong adj. 强壮的
strength n. 力气;实力;优势
strengthen vi.& vt. (使)强健
17.particular n. 尤其,特别
adj. 特定的
particularly adv. 尤其,特别
18.benefit n. 好处,益处
beneficial adj. 有利的,有裨益的
19.equip v. 配备
equipment n. 设备,装备
20.detail n. 细节
detailed adj. 详细的;精细的
21.achieve v. 达到;完成
achievable adj. 可完成的;做得成的
achievement n. 成就
22.satisfy vt. 使满意
satisfaction n. 满足,满意;欣慰
satisfying/satisfactory adj. 令人满意的
satisfied adj. 满意的
23.respond v. 回答,答复
response n. 回答,答复
24.flexible adj. 灵活的
flexibility n. 灵活性
Ⅳ. 短语互译
1.rather than 而不是
2.try out for sth 参加……选拔
3.not...any more 不再……
4.pay off 取得成功;奏效
5.keep up with 跟上,保持同步
6.in case 以防万一
7.sign up 报名
8.cheer up (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来
9.be fed up with 厌烦的,不满的,对……感到厌烦;无法再忍受的
10.in particular 尤其,特别
11.be capable of 有能力做
12.take advantage of sth利用某物
Ⅴ.句式仿写
1.句型公式:This is because...
Maybe this is because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts.
这可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
2.句型公式:祈使句+or+陈述句
Don’t cheat in the exam,or you will be punished.
不要在考试中作弊,否则你会被惩罚的。
3.句型公式:“否定词+比较级”表示最高级
I strongly recommend the Palace Museum because no ancient building is grander than it. (推荐信)
我强力推荐故宫是因为没有哪个古代建筑物比它更壮观。
4.句型公式:There be a time when...
There was a time when I couldn’t adapt to the school life.
曾有一段时间我不能适应学校生活。
5.句型公式:动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位
Suddenly a stranger jumped out of nowhere and caught him by the arm. (动作描写)
突然,一个陌生人不知从哪里跳出来,抓住了他的胳膊。
Step Two　练一练
Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式
1.Chinese players defeated their opponents and won another gold medal for our country.
2.The audience cheered and clapped excitedly for his excellent performance.
3.Standing on the stage,she was so nervous that her palms were sweating.
4.His coach reminded him to do some warm ups in case he should hurt himself during the race.
5.The athletes are jogging in the stadium to warm up in case they get injured when training.
6.The little boy looks forward to earning some money,but I don’t see what he can do.
7.It was with great determination that my father quit/quitted smoking—a 20 year habit.
8.Citizens complained that large amounts of money were wasted on repairing roads.
Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
1.With nobody defending him against the attack,Jack had to take defensive action himself.He picked up a stone in defence of himself. (defend)
2.Those guys seem to be full of energy and play basketball every day energetically.I really wonder how they keep energetic. (energy)
3.“How amazing!The robot can swim,” the boy said in amazement with an amazed look. (amaze)
4.You will certainly benefit from taking proper exercise.Besides,balanced diet will also be beneficial. (benefit)
5.The strong guy seems to have much strength because he works out every day to strengthen his body. (strong)
6.The middle aged woman went to the deserted factory frequently and the high frequency attracted the attention of the police. (frequent)
7.When the boy gave a satisfactory/satisfying answer,the teacher was satisfied and smiled with satisfaction. (satisfy)
8.What disappointed me was not the disappointing result of the match.It was your disappointed look that gave me a stronger sense of disappointment. (disappoint)
Ⅲ.短语填空
(
keep up with
　
take advantage of
　
in particular
try out for
　
be capable of
　
pay off
)
1.Not only does the boy work hard but he also takes advantage of every opportunity to improve his overall competence.
2.The young teaching assistant eventually succeeded and all his hard work paid off.
3.During his long stay in hospital, he kept up with work, using his spare time to study.
4.While attending junior high, Spud tried out for the school team, but he was refused to play at first because he was too small.
5.The human body is capable of doing many things, such as jumping high and running very fast.
6.I am keen on learning foreign languages, English in particular.
Ⅳ.串记练习
阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I prefer to play outdoor sports,such as golf,cycling,and jogging rather than do sports in the gym,such as badminton,gymnastics and bowling.Among all the sports,jogging 1.in particular has many 2.benefits(benefit).Firstly,you don’t need a gym membership or any 3.equipment(equip).Besides,it is not a competitive sport,so you needn’t worry about crashing into others and even the old are capable of doing it.Not only does jogging help strengthen your immune system and muscles 4.but it also prevents diseases.What’s more,jogging can help 5.relieve(relief) your stress and reduce your blood pressure,with more oxygen 6.flowing(flow) in your heart.
However,I must remind you that you’d better not have a strong desire 7.to lose(lose) weight by jogging overnight.Perhaps one day you may be fed up with jogging and you may quit halfway in disappointment.There is no shortcut,so you ought to make 8.an achievable goal.Make sure you take a proper amount of exercise 9.regularly(regular) and have a 10.balanced(balance) diet,and you will be in good shape.
1.prefer vt.(preferred, preferred, preferring)更喜欢 →preference n.偏爱,爱好;喜爱
佳句背诵　
She prefers disorder to order,walking to driving,and diversity to uniformity.(2025·八省联考)
她喜欢无序胜过有序,喜欢走路胜过开车,喜欢多样性胜过统一性。
Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can result in obesity.
研究表明,偏爱垃圾食品会导致肥胖。
prefer doing/to do sth　更喜欢做某事
宁 愿做……,而不愿做……
have a preference for　　 对……偏爱
Jane Goodall, a woman from Britain, would rather spend time studying chimps in the wild in Africa than lead a comfortable life.
简·古道尔,这位英国女性,宁愿在非洲的野外研究黑猩猩,也不愿过安逸的生活。
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①The champion in the contest has a preference(prefer) for cycling and jogging,which can strengthen his muscles.
②根据上面的图表,65%的受访学生更喜欢听英语歌曲而非访问英语学习网站。(图表作文;2022·全国乙卷)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed prefer listening to English songs to visiting English learning websites.(prefer doing sth to doing sth)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed prefer to listen to English songs rather than visit English learning websites.(prefer to do sth rather than do sth)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed would listen to English songs rather than visit English learning websites.(would do sth rather than do sth)
→According to the above graph,65% of the students surveyed would rather listen to English songs than visit English learning websites.(would rather do sth than do sth)
2.balanced adj.均衡的→balance n.平衡;均衡;天平;余额 v.使保持平衡
佳句背诵　
Having a balanced diet can help you strengthen your immune system and make you full of energy.(建议信)
有一个均衡的饮食可以帮助你增强你的免疫系统,使你充满活力。
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡饮食
keep/lose (one’s) balance　保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B　在A和B之间保持平衡
balance...against　权衡,比较
以练促学　单句写作
①If you want to have a happy school life,you’d better keep a balance between study and relaxation.(建议信)
如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活,你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。
②After balancing/he balanced the advantages against the disadvantages,David wiped away the tears,struggled to his feet and made his way to the starting line,a relaxed smile appearing at the corners of his mouth.(动作+情感描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
权衡利弊之后,大卫擦掉眼泪,挣扎着站起来,向起跑线走去,嘴角露出轻松的微笑。
3.desire n.渴望;欲望(appetite);愿望 vt.渴望(long);期望;想望→desirable adj.想望的,值得拥有的;可取的
佳句背诵　
Friends are united by a shared love for the arts and for the university,and by a desire to be part of a cultural community.朋友们因为对艺术和大学的共同热爱,以及渴望成为文化社区的一部分而团结起来。(2025·八省联考)
have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
have a desire for sth　 渴望得到某物
desire to do sth　 渴望做某事
desire that...(should) do...　 渴望……做……
以练促学　单句写作
①Since you have a strong desire/you strongly desire to learn about Chinese culture,I strongly recommend Peking University to you.(推荐信)
既然你有强烈的学习中国文化的愿望,我强烈向你推荐北京大学。
②We desire that our school (should) organise more activities like this,which can not only relieve our great study pressure but also broaden our horizons.(活动总结;2023·浙江1月卷)
我们希望学校能组织更多这样的活动,这不仅可以消除我们巨大的学习压力,也可以开阔我们的视野。
4.remind vt.使(某人)想起,提醒→reminder n.引起回忆的事物;提醒人的事物
佳句背诵　
Now the photo is still in my album,reminding me of/about the wonderful days I spent in Mrs. Black’s garden.(主旨升华)
现在,这张照片还在我的相册里,让我想起了我在布莱克夫人花园里度过的美好时光。
remind sb of/about sth 提醒某人某事;使某人想起某事
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事
remind (sb) that... 提醒(某人)……
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me to close(close) the window in my car when rain is coming. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
②This photo album serves as a reminder (remind) of the most important moments of my life.
③To help them cook the breakfast smoothly,the father constantly reminded them of what to do next.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)为了帮助他们顺利地煮好早餐,爸爸不断地提醒他们下一步该做什么。
5.case n.状况,场合;事例,实例;事件;情况;案件;箱
佳句背诵　
I suggest that you put three to four students together,with one as the group leader,in which case we can communicate with each other at a great depth.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
我建议你安排三到四个学生一起,其中一个作为组长,这样我们就可以更深入地交流。
in case　 以防万一
in case of　 万一……
in this/that case　 如果是这样/那样的话
in any case　 无论如何;总之
in no case 决不(置于句首时,引起部分倒装)
as is often the case 这是常有的事;通常情况下
以练促学　对比填空(in case,in case of)/语段训练
①I took my driving license with me on holiday,in case I wanted to hire a car.
②Almost all the residents in Japan have first aid kits in case of an earthquake.
③As is often the case, we students feel very nervous before the end of term examination. My tips are as follows. Firstly,in no case ought you to quit studying halfway. Besides, you’d better drink a cup of hot milk in case you have difficulty sleeping at night.(建议信)
在期末考试前,我们学生感到非常紧张,这是常有的事。我的建议如下。首先,在任何情况下你都不应该半途而废。此外,你最好喝一杯热牛奶,以防你晚上难以入睡。
6.occupy vt.占用,占去(时间);占据→occupied adj.使用中;忙于;被占领的→occupation n.占领;职业;工作
佳句背诵　
Because I occupied myself in/was occupied in learning how to play the guitar during the summer break,I am more than delighted to share this experience with you.(情况介绍;2023·全国乙卷)
因为暑假期间我一直在学习吉他,所以我非常乐意与大家分享这段经历。
occupy oneself with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
be occupied with sth/(in) doing sth 忙于(做)某事
以练促学　单句语法填空/句式升级
①He occupies an important position in a company, and is occupied with all kinds of activities.So his occupation brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy)
②Because I was occupied in making preparations for our project on a daily basis, I did believe that I wouldn’t let my partner down.(2022·浙江1月卷)
→Occupied (in)/Occupying myself (in) making preparations for our project on a daily basis,I did believe that I wouldn’t let my partner down.(分词短语作状语)
7.relieve vt.减轻,缓解;解除(ease)→relief n.解脱;(疼痛/问题)减轻,缓和;宽慰→relieved adj.
感到宽慰的
佳句背诵　
Being able to tell the truth at last seemed to relieve her.(心理描写)
最后能够讲出真话似乎使她感到轻松。
relieve sb of... 解除/减轻某人……方面的负担/痛苦等
to one’s relief　 令人感到宽慰的是
in relief　 如释重负;松了口气
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Take the medicine, and you will be relieved of your pain.
②What a relief(relieve) that you’re happy with your new home.(2024·全国甲卷)
③To my great relief, my son finally returned safely.(脱险)
使我非常庆幸的是,我儿子最终平安回来了。
片段巩固 用prefer;balanced;desire;remind;case;occupy;relieve完成有关追求梦想的片段
写作提示:每天忙于学习→有一个强烈的愿望,被重点大学录取→贴了一张大学的照片来提醒自己→注重日常生活,更喜欢均衡的饮食→减轻了妈妈的担忧→相信会让梦想成真
　　I am occupied in studying every day because I have a strong desire to be admitted to a key university. I even put up a picture of the university to remind me of my goal. In order to achieve my goal, I also pay attention to my daily life. I prefer a balanced diet to keep myself energetic, which relieve my mother’s anxiety. In that case, I believe I will make my dream come true in the near future.
8.particular n.尤其,特别;细节,详情 adj.特定的→particularly adv.尤其,特别
佳句背诵　
On this particular evening,the lady arrived at her usual spot to feed the birds.(2025·八省联考)
在这个特别的晚上,这位女士来到她通常喂鸟的地点。
in particular(=particularly)尤其,特别
be particular about/over对……挑剔/讲究
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①We were particularly(particular) interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias data.(2024·全国甲卷)
②小女孩如此挑食,她父母感到特别焦虑和担心。(心理描写)
→The little girl was so particular about/over food that her parents felt especially anxious and concerned.
→So particular about/over food was the little girl that her parents felt especially anxious and concerned. (倒装)
9.benefit n.好处,益处(good, advantage) vt.& vi.使受益,对(某人)有用;得益于→beneficial adj.有利的,有裨益的
佳句背诵　
I advocate that we should defend our oceans from being polluted for the benefit of human beings. For example, we ought not to overfish anymore. (海洋保护;2022·全国甲卷)
be of benefit to 　 对……有益
for one’s benefit(=for the benefit of sb)　 为了某人的利益
benefit from/by　 从……中受益
be beneficial to　 对……有益
我主张为了人类的利益,我们应该保护我们的海洋免受污染。例如,我们不应该再过度捕捞了。
Aimed at building up our body, a campaign of “One Hour of Physical Exercise a Day” will be launched in our school, which can be extremely beneficial to our health.(活动介绍)
为了增强我们的体质,我们学校将开展“每天一小时体育锻炼”活动,这对我们的健康非常有益。
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①The progress of transportation has brought a lot of benefits to people’s life and environmental protection.(科技发展;2024·全国甲卷)
交通的进步给人们的生活和环境保护带来了很多好处。
②最后,我了解到了一本关于我们日常生活中常见树木的小册子,这本小册子使我受益匪浅。 (情况介绍;2023·浙江1月卷)
→Ultimately,I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life,which benefited me/from which I benefited a lot.(benefit v.)
→Ultimately,I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life,which was particularly beneficial to me.(beneficial)
→Ultimately,I was introduced to a brochure about trees we usually see in life,which was of particular benefit to me.(benefit n.)
10.satisfaction n.满足,满意(content);欣慰→satisfy vt.使满意→satisfied adj.满意的→
satisfactory/satisfying adj.令人满意的
佳句背诵　
Finally, my hard work paid off—we were awarded an A, which gave me great satisfaction.
最后,我的努力得到了回报——我们获得了A,这让我很满意。(2022·浙江1月卷)
with satisfaction　 满意地
to one’s satisfaction 令某人满意的是
satisfy one’s needs/demands 满足某人的需要
be satisfied with sth/sb 对某事/某人感到满意
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作/语段训练
①You should feel satisfied(satisfy) at the end of a meal, but not too full.(2024·全国甲卷)
②If you are not satisfied with our arrangements,please inform us in time so that we can satisfy your needs/demands.(日程安排)
如果你们对我们的安排不满意,请及时通知我们以便我们能够满足你们的需要。
③To my satisfaction,with the help of my teacher,I finally succeeded in writing a satisfying/satisfactory article.My teacher nodded her head,smiling with satisfaction.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)
令我满意的是,在老师的帮助下,我终于成功地写了一篇令人满意的文章。我的老师点点头,满意地笑了。
11.amazed adj.大为惊奇的;惊讶的(surprised,shocked,astonished)→amaze vt.使惊讶→amazement n.惊奇,惊愕→amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的;令人惊喜的→amazingly adv.惊人地,了不起地
佳句背诵　
Learning that I defeated all the other competitors, my partner opened his mouth wide in amazement and then exclaimed excitedly, “I am amazed at/by your amazing performance. Congratulations!”(情绪描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth　 对做某事感到惊奇
be amazed that... 对……感到惊讶
in amazement　 惊讶地
to one’s amazement　 让某人惊讶的是
得知我打败了其他所有的竞赛者,我的搭档惊讶地张大了嘴巴,然后激动地喊道:“我对你让人惊喜的表现感到吃惊。恭喜!”
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①I was amazed to find that a hummingbird was covered in spider webs,barely able to move her wings.(细节描写;2023·浙江1月卷)
我惊奇地发现,一只蜂鸟浑身都是蜘蛛网,几乎无法移动她的翅膀。
②让我们吃惊的是,大卫左腿流着血,却能成功地跑过终点。(情感描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→To our amazement,David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding. (amazement)
→We were amazed that David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding. (amazed)
→David succeeded in passing the finishing line with his left leg bleeding,which made us amazed.(非限制性定语从句; amazed)
12.defend vi.& vt.保护,保卫(protect,preserve,guard)→defense n.保卫;防守队员,后卫;辩护→defensive adj.防御(性)的;防守的;保护的
佳句背诵　
He defended me against/from being injured at the risk of his life and tears of gratitude flowed down my cheeks.(心理描写)
他冒着生命危险保护我免受伤害,感激的泪水顺着我的脸颊流淌。
defend...against/from (doing...)　 保护……免受……
defend sb with sth　 用……保护某人
in defense (of) 保护;为了保卫;(为……)辩护
in one’s defense　 为某人辩护
以练促学　单句语法填空/一句多译
①If he seems a little defensive(defend), it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)
②狼紧紧地追在他后面,他下了自行车,拿起一根棍子保护自己。(动作描写)
→With the wolf running closely after him,he got off his bike and took up a stick in defense of himself.(defense)
→With the wolf running closely after him,he got off his bike and defended himself with a stick.(defend)
13.let sb down使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)
佳句背诵　
I believe I can be a good volunteer and I won’t let you down.(申请信)
我相信我能成为一名优秀的志愿者,我不会让你们失望的。
let in 　 允许进入;容许
let alone　 更不用说;不管
let out 发出;放出
let go of　 放;释放
以练促学　单句语法填空/语段训练
①We should open the windows regularly to let fresh air in so as to prevent diseases.
②Seeing many yellow handkerchiefs dancing in the wind,the children on the bus jumped to their feet,clapped their hands and let out loud shouts of excitement,“Your beloved wife didn’t let you down.” The man sighed in relief.(动作描写)
看着黄手帕随风舞动,公交车上的孩子们跳了起来,拍着手,发出激动的欢呼声:“你亲爱的妻子没有让你失望。”这个男人松了口气,如释重负。
14.keep up with跟上;保持同步
佳句背诵　
I prefer reading Youth,which can make me keep up with the changes of modern times.Many articles end up with famous sayings,which give me the inspiration to study harder to catch up with others in learning.(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我更喜欢读Youth,它能让我跟上现代的变化。许多文章以名言结尾,这给了我更努力学习的鼓舞,以便在学习上赶上别人。
catch up with 跟上(强调动作)
come up with 想出;拿出;提出
put up with 忍耐,忍受;熬过
end up with 以……结束
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①Families gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up with.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)
家人在星期天、生日或任何他们能想到的理由来聚餐。
②However,we don’t have to put up with the ocean pollution.There is an urgent need to come up with some achievable measures to protect oceans.(海洋保护;2022·全国甲卷)
然而,我们没有必要容忍海洋污染。现在急需想出一些可行的保护海洋的措施。
片段巩固 用particular;benefit;satisfaction;amazed;let sb down;keep up with完成有关英语学习的片段
写作提示:为了不让父母失望→努力学习跟上其他同学→很早起床读英语→父母对我的勤奋感到惊讶→令我满意的是,取得了很大的进步
　　In order not to let my parents down, I study every subject very hard to keep up with other students, English in particular. Reading aloud is of great benefit to English learning, so I get up very early to read English every morning. My parents are amazed by my diligence. To my satisfaction, I have made great progress in my English.
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects,and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,but in many cases we simply can’t.(2023·全国乙卷) n.情况;状况
②Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her shopping and visit the doctor, providing company and transportation.(2021·浙江6月卷) n.陪伴,做伴
③To many people, saving lives is part of the job but styling hair is an extra and should be rewarded.(2021·全国乙卷) n.额外的事物
④Her account is correct in every particular so you can learn from it. n.细节
2.选出track的汉语意思
(
A
.n
.
足迹
;
轨迹　
B
.n
.
小路
,
小径
C
.n
.
跑道
;
径赛运动　
D
.vt
.
跟踪
;
追踪
)
①And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked,a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private,“off line” activity.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) D
②“Don’t be late for supper,”Uncle Paul cried,“and keep to the track so that you don’t get lost!” A
③The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50 kilometer race walk,which is about eight miles longer than the marathon. C
④The only means of access to the building is along a muddy track. B
3.选出tip的汉语意思
(
A
.n
.
小费　
B
.n
.
技巧
;
提示
C
.vi
.
弄翻
;
倾斜　
D
.vt
.
付小费
)
①With the box tipping over,out came the little one,who was not shy and instantly got familiar with Poppy. C
②I do remember,though,what it was like to be a complete beginner.So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) B
③She tipped the waiter two dollars for his excellent service. D
④I paid him back and offered an extra $10 tip, however, he refused the tip, saying “It is not a big deal.”(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) A
4.根据上下文写出sight的词性和词义
My new neighbour is an old woman who lives alone. She suffered from a serious disease two years ago, which has affected her ①sight,bringing her a lot of inconvenience. At the first ②sight of her, I was very surprised at her condition. Yesterday she told me that she was impressed by the beautiful ③sights of Beijing, particularly the ④sight of the raising of the national flag. When seeing the old woman walking slowly out of ⑤sight,I burst into tears.
①n.视觉　②n.看见　③n.名胜,景点
④n.情景　⑤n.视野
1.句型公式:This/That is because...
课本原句:This is all because I exercise quite regularly.这都是因为我经常锻炼。
佳句背诵　
I strongly recommend the listening and speaking course.This is because the course can help you to adapt to the life in China sooner.(推荐信)
我强烈推荐听说课。这是因为这门课可以帮助你更快地适应中国的生活。
The reason why we should read more classics is that reading classics can enrich our everyday life and relieve our pressure.
我们应多读些经典作品的原因是阅读经典作品能够丰富我们的日常生活,减轻我们的压力。
(1)This/That is because... 这/那是因为……
(2)This/That is why... 这/那就是……的原因
(3)The reason why...is that... ……的原因是……
以练促学　单句写作/一句多译
①That’s why it’s important to get up and move around during the day, and one great way is jumping rope during your break between two classes.(学校生活;2024·浙江1月卷)
这就是为什么在白天站起来四处走动很重要,一个很好的方法是在两节课的课间跳绳。
②他被称为活雷锋,这是因为他经常全力以赴地向需要帮助的人伸出援助之手。(人物介绍;2023·天津3月卷)
→He is called a living Lei Feng.This is because he often goes all out to offer a hand to whoever needs help.
→The reason why he is called a living Lei Feng is that he often goes all out to offer a hand to whoever needs help.
2.句型公式:祈使句+and/or+陈述句
课本原句:And don’t drink too much while running,or it’ll make you feel sick.
跑步时不要喝太多水,否则会让你感到不舒服。
佳句背诵　
Follow the above suggestions and you will find it easy to change your terrible situation.(建议信)
遵循上面的建议,你会发现很容易改变你的糟糕状况。
“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句,and/or之后的句子相当于主句。具体用法如下:
·祈使句+and+陈述句=If...,+主句
·祈使句+or/otherwise/or else+陈述句=If...not...,+主句
·名词词组(常含有more,another等词)+and+陈述句
改掉你的坏习惯,否则你将永远无法实现你最初的志向。
以练促学　单句语法填空/单句写作
①Keep a balanced diet rather than only consuming meat, or you will be in bad shape.
②Get rid of your bad habit,otherwise you will never achieve your initial ambition.(建议信)
③I encouraged David,“Cheer up!Make more efforts/More efforts/If you make more efforts and you will reach the finishing line soon.”(语言描写;2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我鼓励大卫说:“振作起来!再努力一点,你很快就会到达终点的。”
3.句型公式:“否定词+比较级”表示最高级
课本原句:There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of.
没有比这更好的方法来认识自己、了解自己的能力了。
佳句背诵　
And if we are feeling down or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
当我们感到沮丧或孤独时,最美好的事情莫过于看到好朋友的笑脸。
表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构:
(1)“否定词+比较级”结构表示最高级意义,通常意为“没有比……更……;没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有:no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。
(2)can never/can’t与too、too much、enough连用时,表示肯定意义,意为“再怎样……也不过分”。
我的搭档真诚地提醒我:“当做我们项目的时候,你怎么细心都不为过。”
以练促学　单句写作/语段训练
①My partner reminded me sincerely,“You can’t be too careful/can’t be careful enough when doing our project.”(语言描写;2022·浙江1月卷)
②He has a large amount of experience,so I make sure that you can’t find a person more qualified for the position than him.Besides,nobody is more generous and kind hearted than him.(推荐信)
他有许多经验,因此我保证您不可能找到比他更胜任这个职位的人了。另外,没人比他更慷慨、更善良。
维度一　核心知识运用
1.The athletes(athlete) are jogging(jog) in the stadium to warm up in case they get injured when training.
2.The sharp decrease in turnover caused the saleswoman’s salary to fall sharply(sharp),which made her resign in disappointment(disappoint).
3.Of course, I would have preferred (prefer) a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. (2024·全国甲卷)
4.For example,the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying (satisfy) for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)
5.China has a responsibility (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. (2022·全国乙卷)
6.In my opinion, reading books and visiting websites can enhance students’ writing skills while listening to songs and watching movies are beneficial(benefit) to improving their spoken English. (2022·全国乙卷)
7.In other words,he,rather than I,has intended(intend) to experience the challenging(challenge) experiment in person up to now.
8.To be frank,my desire to become(become) a volunteer never leaves me for a moment.
9.The expert is particular about/over the quality of hardware and thus won’t buy a computer without a certificate.
10.I believe that my son has the competence to finish the challenging task perfectly and he won’t let me down.
维度二　单句写作
1.We should walk or ride bikes as much as we can.This is because by doing this,we can reduce the emission of CO2. (This is because...)
我们应该尽可能地多走路或者骑自行车。这是因为通过这样做,我们可以减少二氧化碳的排放。
2.In her eyes,no breakfast is more delicious than this. (“否定词+比较级”表示最高级)
在她眼中,没有比这更美味的早餐了。
3.Take a deep breath,and you will relieve your nervousness. (祈使句+and+陈述句)
深呼吸,你就会减轻你的紧张。
4.Bogues was only 1.6 metres tall,which made him the shortest player ever in the NBA. (定语从句)
博格斯身高只有一米六,是NBA历史上最矮的球员。
5.Everyone knew Paul had real skills, and was someone who worked really hard and had a strong desire to play for the team. (定语从句)
每个人都知道保罗有真正的技术,他工作非常努力,并且有强烈的愿望为球队效力。
维度三　单元知识拾遗
1.To live a healthy life, we should satisfy our physical demands, through regular exercise.
为了过上健康的生活,我们应通过定期锻炼来满足身体需要。
2.Suddenly,he crashed into another athlete and lost his balance,injuring his ankle badly.
突然,他撞上了另一名运动员,失去了平衡,脚踝严重受伤。
3.All the boys in my class tried out for the competitive basketball match and they performed quite perfectly.
我们班所有的男生都参加了竞技篮球比赛,他们表现得相当出色。
4.Knowing that my family couldn’t afford to repair our old truck,let alone buy a new one,I bit my lips,grasped the money I earned and ran like the wind to my home.
得知我家无力支付修理旧卡车的钱,更不用说买辆新的之后,我咬了咬嘴唇,攥着我挣的钱,像风一样跑回家。
5.To our relief,the missing child returned home ten days later, tired but healthy.
让我们感到欣慰的是,那个丢失的孩子十天后返回了家里,疲惫不堪却很健康。
6.In order to be in good shape,a proper amount of regular exercise is quite necessary.
为了保持良好的健康状况,有规律的适量锻炼是相当必要的。
7.At this time look after your health and take steps to strengthen your immune system.
此刻要照顾自己的健康,采取步骤加强自己的免疫系统。
8.What made him happy was that after all these years he at last paid off all his debts.
使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。
9.In case anything important happens,please call me up.
万一发生什么重要的事情,请给我打电话。
10.I have been so occupied with work that I haven’t had time for social activities.
我一直忙于工作,没有时间参加社交活动。
Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(广播稿——运动改变了我)
假定本周是你校的体育周,请你用英语为你校广播站写一篇题为“运动改变了我”的稿件,介绍你运动观念的转变。内容包括:
1.你之前的状态;
2.你运动的经历;
3.你的改变。
根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作
第一步　字斟句酌　优化表达
①今天,我很荣幸能在此与大家分享运动的好处以及我个人对此的经历和感受。 (benefit)
Today, I’m honored to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings.
②曾经有一段时间我讨厌运动,因为运动让我出汗和疲惫。(There was a time when...,make复合结构,sweat)
There was a time when I hated exercising because it made me sweat and tired.
③在尝试之后,我发现运动很有益。运动不仅能强身健体,还能使我们保持精力充沛。 (beneficial,strengthen,energetic)
After trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only can sports strengthen our body, but also keep us energetic.
④我最喜欢的运动是慢跑。那是因为慢跑能缓解我的压力,坚持慢跑还能帮助我预防疾病。(jogging,That’s because...,relieve,prevent diseases)
My favorite sport is jogging. That’s because jogging can relieve my stress, and keeping jogging can also help me prevent diseases.
⑤我经常和爸爸一起去慢跑,我觉得这很有趣也很酷。另外,坚持慢跑给了我很大的满足感。 (which引导非限制性定语从句,satisfaction)
I often go jogging with my father,which I find really fun and cool. Besides, sticking to jogging gives me great satisfaction.
⑥生命在于运动,让我们利用一切机会一起锻炼吧。 (take advantage of)
As life lies in movement, let’s take advantage of every opportunity to work out together.
第二步　恰当过渡　完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)
Today, I’m honored to be here to share with you the benefits of sports as well as my personal experiences and feelings.
There was a time when I hated exercising because it made me sweat and tired. However, after trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only can sports strengthen our body, but also keep us energetic. My favorite sport is jogging. That’s because jogging can relieve my stress, and keeping jogging can also help me prevent diseases. I often go jogging with my father, which I find really fun and cool. Besides, sticking to jogging gives me great satisfaction.
As life lies in movement, let’s take advantage of every opportunity to work out together.
Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升
1.语料积累
单词 bite v.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 咬 wipe v. 擦干净,抹掉 clap v. 拍手,鼓掌 encouraging adj. 鼓舞人心的,鼓励的 relieved adj. 放心的,宽慰的 warmth n. 温暖,暖和;热情
词块 keep up with　　　　 跟上;不落后 let sb down 让某人失望 reach out one’s hands 伸出双手
美句 1.What let me down was that I had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists.　使我失望的是我很难跟上其他骑自行车的人。 2.Amazingly,a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart. 令人惊奇的是,一种温暖和宽慰的感觉涌进了我的内心深处。 3.Smiling in satisfaction,my teacher reached out his hands with his fingers forming a“heart”,saying,“You are great.” 我的老师满意地笑着,伸出他的手,用他的手指比成一个“心”形,说:“你很棒。”
2.场景片段训练(参加自行车比赛的心理活动:失望→受到鼓舞→宽慰)
Last Sunday,I took part in a cycling competition held in my school.①What let me down(what引导的主语从句) was that I had difficulty keeping up with the other cyclists.I ②bit my lips and wiped the tears from my cheeks.Just at that time,my classmates clapped for me and ③cast an encouraging glance at me. Amazingly,④a mixture of warmth and relief welled up in my deep heart(无灵主语句).⑤What made me relieved(what引导的主语从句) was that I finally finished the competition.⑥Smiling in satisfaction(动词 ing形式作状语),my teacher reached out his hands ⑦with his fingers forming a “heart”(with复合结构),saying,“You are great.”
上个星期天我参加了在我的学校举办的自行车比赛。使我失望的是我很难跟上其他骑自行车的人。我咬着嘴唇,擦去脸颊上的泪水。就在那时,我的同学们为我鼓起了掌,并向我投来鼓励的目光。令人惊奇的是,一种温暖和宽慰的感觉涌进了我的内心深处。使我松了一口气的是我终于完成了比赛。我的老师满意地笑着,伸出他的手,用他的手指比成一个“心”形,说:“你很棒。”
　　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷A篇)
Choice of Walks for Beginner
and Experienced Walkers
The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or advanced walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks.
Walk 1—The Natural World
With environmentalist anna Lamhna as the guide, this walk promises to be an informative tour.Walkers are sure to learn lots about the habitats and natural world of the Blackstairs.
Date and Time:Saturday, 1st October, at 09:00
Start Point:Scratoes Bridge
Walk Duration:6 hours
Walk 2—Introduction to Hillwalking
Emmanuel Chappard, an experienced guide, has a passion for making the great outdoors accessible to all.This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips.
Date and Time:Sunday, 2nd October, at 09:00
Start Point:Deerpark Car Park
Walk Duration:5 hours
Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars
Walking at night time is a great way to step out of your comfort zone.Breathtaking views of the lowlands of Carlow can be enjoyed in the presence of welcoming guides from local walking clubs.A torch (手电筒) along with suitable clothing is essential for walking in the dark.Those who are dressed inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
Date and Time:Saturday, 1st October, at 18:30
Start Point:The Town Hall
Walk Duration:3 hours
Walk 4—Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest
This informative walk led by Richard Smyth introduces you to the basic principles of photography in the wild.Bring along your camera and enjoy the wonderful views along this well surfaced forest path.
Date and Time:Sunday, 2nd October, at 11:45
Start Point:Kilbrannish Forest Recreation Area
Walk Duration:1.5 hours
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
真题再做
21.Which walk takes the shortest time
A.The Natural World.
B.Introduction to Hillwalking.
C.Moonlight Under the Stars.
D.Photographic Walk in Kilbrannish Forest.
22.What are participants in Walk 3 required to do
A.Wear proper clothes.
B.Join a walking club.
C.Get special permits.
D.Bring a survival guide.
23.What do the four walks have in common
A.They involve difficult climbing.
B.They are for experienced walkers.
C.They share the same start point.
D.They are scheduled for the weekend.
答案　21.D　22.A　23.D
思维建模
直接信息题——比对关键信息出答案
第一步 快速浏览题干,定位题干关键词。关键词主要是题干中的名词、动词和数词,即问题的核心信息。
第二步 根据关键信息,定位信息、区间。采用略读或寻读的方法快速浏览文章,找到相关内容。
第三步 仔细对比,确定答案。比对选项内容和原文关键信息,确定答案。
以例示法
如22题,根据Walk 3—Moonlight Under the Stars中的“A torch (手电筒) along with...permission to participate.”可知,穿着不当的人将被拒绝参加该活动,即参加Walk 3的徒步者需要穿着合适的衣服。故选A项。
积阅读单词 垒主题词块
1.environmentalist / n va r n ment l st/n. 环境保护主义者,环境保护论者 2.informative / n f m t v/ adj.提供有用信息的,增长见闻的 3.habitat / h b t t/ n. (动植物的)生活环境,栖息地 4.accessible / k ses bl/ adj.可到达的,可进入的 5.insight / nsa t/ n.了解;洞察力 6.breathtaking / breθte k / adj.激动人心的,令人惊叹的 7.presence / prezns/ n.出席,存在 8.inappropriately / n pr pri tli/ adv.不适当地 1.a great opportunity for the beginner初学者的好机会 2.have a passion for 对……充满热情 3.step out of your comfort zone 走出你的舒适区 4.be essential for walking in the dark 对于在黑暗中行走是必不可少的 5.introduce you to the basic principles of photography 向你介绍摄影的基本原理 6.enjoy the wonderful views 欣赏美景
析 长 难 语 句 This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure you get the most from future walking trips. [句式分析]　本句可简化为:This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills;required for hillwalking为过去分词作后置定语;to ensure...为不定式短语作目的状语;you get the most...为省略that的宾语从句。 [尝试翻译]　这次登山之旅让你深入了解徒步登山所需的技巧,以确保你从未来的徒步旅行中获得最大的收获。
课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2025·贵阳高三适应性考试)
A new study estimates more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity.People with obesity are considered medically overweight.The study,published in the medical publication The Lancet,said that one in eight people are obese.Researchers said around 43 percent of adults were overweight in 2022.Obesity among adults has more than doubled since 1990. Among young people aged 5 to 19,the obesity rate increased by four times during the same period.
“A staggering number of people are living with obesity,and severe obesity is strongly linked to a long list of health problems and an early death,” declared the lead writer of the study,Majid Ezzati,a professor at Imperial College London.
The WHO noted that at the World Health Assembly in 2022,member states agreed to an agency plan to fight obesity.So far,31 governments “are now leading the way” to reduce obesity by carrying out goals of the plan.
These include government measures to enact new rules on “harmful” marketing of unhealthy food and drinks to children.In addition,governments are aiming to improve school and nutrition policies.They are also seeking price reductions for healthy foods to increase public awareness about healthy diets and exercise and to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools.
Imperial College London’s Ezzati said that obesity rates are not rising in many wealthier nations.But they are quickly increasing in other countries.He noted that some countries have many underweight people,meaning the nations are facing what he called a “double burden”of nutrition problems.
Branca is head of nutrition at the WHO.He told reporters,“In the past,we have been thinking of obesity as a problem of the rich,but obesity is a problem of the world.Although new obesity drugs—such as Ozempic and Wegovy—could be helpful tools in reducing obesity,they noted that the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality.”
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。一项新的研究发现,在全球范围内现有10亿多人肥胖。文章主要分析了肥胖这一社会性问题和采取的措施,以及应对肥胖时存在的问题等。
1.What does the underlined word “staggering” mean
A.Satisfying. B.Encouraging.
C.Astonishing. D.Puzzling.
答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“more than 1 billion people worldwide are currently living with obesity”和“one in eight people are obese”以及“around 43 percent of adults were overweight...increased by four times during the same period”可知,世界上肥胖人数众多,有八分之一的人口肥胖,2022年约有43%的成年人超重,成年人的肥胖率增加了一倍多,5至19岁的年轻人肥胖率同期增加了四倍。由此可见,肥胖的人数是一个令人震惊的数字,故选C项。]
2.What is included in the plan led by 31 governments
A.Setting laws to ban the sale of unhealthy food.
B.Increasing the cost for people to consume healthy food.
C.Attaching importance to physical activity.
D.Offering lower priced obesity drugs to people.
答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“to strengthen requirements for physical activity in schools”(加强对学校体育活动的要求)可知,31个政府领导的计划包括对体育锻炼的重视,故选C项。]
3.What does Ezzati mean by mentioning the“double burden”
A.Some countries are suffering both poverty and obesity.
B.Some countries are suffering both poor nutrition and obesity.
C.Obesity is common in both poor and wealthy countries.
D.Obesity is a heavy burden for some countries.
答案　B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中该短语前面的“obesity rates...are quickly increasing in other countries.He noted that some countries have many underweight people”可知,其他国家的肥胖率迅速增加,一些国家还有很多体重不足的人,这些国家正在面临着被Ezzati称为“double burden”的营养问题。由此可见,Ezzati提到“double burden”意思是一些国家可能同时遭遇营养不良和肥胖问题,故选B项。]
4.What is Branca’s attitude to the obesity problem
A.Negative. B.Indifferent.
C.Ambiguous. D.Optimistic.
答案　A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中Branca所说的“obesity is a problem of the world...the cost and availability of the drugs might increase inequality”可知,Branca认为肥胖是一个全球性问题,而减肥药的成本和可用性可能会增加不公平。由此可见,Branca对肥胖问题是持消极态度的,故选A项。]
(2025·太原高三模拟)
Influenced by factors like school funding,sports facilities,teacher resources and safety concerns,traditional physical education was limited to static (静态的) scenes and closed gyms and playgrounds,which lacked interaction and feedback functions.PE curriculum was also restricted to basic sports like ball games,track and field and gymnastics.However,the emergence and application of new technologies like virtual reality (VR),3D technology,greatly expand and innovate sports scenes,providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible “on site,on campus,online” integrated new sports world.
IT can build online virtual learning environments for students,creating teaching scenes hard to achieve in physical world.Many schools have already partnered with technology companies to create different teaching scenes using digital sports products.The University of South Florida has cooperated with the VR sports training company Sense Arena,allowing students to practice tennis on its globally pioneering VR tennis training platform.Students use the Meta Quest 2 headset and the VR touching racket (球拍) which imitates the weight and feel of a real tennis racket.The platform features 35 training modes imitating various scenes in real life tennis matches,including crowd noise,dazzling sunlight,shadows and wind.Athletes can engage in various forms of training,such as skill practice,technical analysis and match imitation.Such virtual sports teaching space further enhances the experience of PE learning.
Technology based physical education not only serves ordinary students’ physical health but also addresses the needs of special groups in sports,especially students who cannot participate in regular PE classes due to physical,psychological or social adaptation issues.Many schools offer specialized sports programs to disabled students,like the “Pathways to Inclusion” program launched by the University of Queensland,which tailors various sports activities to different disabilities such as blind football and wheelchair hockey.This is made possible with the support of sports technology,as different symptoms require the use of different sports equipment.
Through scientific,healthy and joyful educational concepts,technology empowered PE classes convey the values of creating and enjoying a personalized experience,developing a sports education where everyone participates and benefits.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新科技(VR)的应用解决了传统的体育课存在的问题,改变了学校体育课的上课模式,而且残障学生也能从中获益。
5.How do new technologies change traditional PE classes according to Paragraph 1
A.By investing more in basic sports.
B.By combining it with academic study.
C.By making dynamic PE classes possible.
D.By replacing PE teachers with AI teachers.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the emergence and application of new technologies...providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible...new spots world”可知,VR的出现拓展和创新了体育场景,提供了一种动态的体育课模式。C选项中的“By making dynamic PE classes possible”和原文中的“providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible...new sports world”是同义转换,故选C项。]
6.Which of the following services can Sense Arena provide
A.Real life tennis matches.
B.Virtual headsets and rackets.
C.Imitative distracting conditions.
D.Sufficient sports space on campus.
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The platform features 35 training modes...shadows and wind.”可知,这个平台提供了35种训练模式,模拟了现实网球比赛中各种各样的场景,包括人群中的噪声、刺眼的太阳光、树荫和风等,故选C项。]
7.What does “Pathways to Inclusion” program feature
A.Professional knowledge about psychology.
B.Technology assisted sports for the disabled.
C.Interactive activities with ordinary students.
D.Personalized medical treatment for disabilities.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“which tailors various sports activities to different...as different symptoms require the use of different sports equipment”可知,这个项目为不同的残疾人定制了不同的运动项目。由于残疾人需要的运动设备是不一样的,而这个新科技解决了这个问题,故选B项。]
8.What is the author’s writing purpose of the text
A.To advertise a new VR product.
B.To raise public awareness of physical education.
C.To stress the importance of equality among students.
D.To introduce a new application of technology in PE classes.
答案　D　[写作意图题。全文主要介绍了新科技(VR)的出现改变了传统的体育课模式,所有的学生都从中获益,包括残障学生。根据第一段中的“However...providing possibilities for the construction of a flexible‘on site,on campus,online, integrated new sports world.”可知,本文主要介绍了新科技在体育课中的应用,故选D项。]
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·潍坊高三模拟)
Ryan’s class at Tully Elementary School was planning a hike at Falls of the Ohio State Park.But since the site isn’t wheelchair 　1　,her mother,Shelly,tried to find a way to make sure she could 　2　.
Ryan had missed out on a similar class trip last year as a third grader.When Shelly 　3　 the upcoming class field trip,she 　4　 began to think about making a plan B.“I was preparing for an‘alternate field trip day’,”she 　5　 on the “Team Ryan” online page,　6　 for her 10 year old daughter,diagnosed with spina bifida (脊柱裂) as a baby.
Jim,a teacher at the school,　7　 to carry Ryan around on his back all day.This way she could 　8　explore the fossil (化石) beds with the rest of her 　9　.He used a special backpack to carry the 55 pound girl on his back across the park,and the previously 　10　 Ryan became extremely excited.
The 　11　 meant so much to Ryan and her family that Shelly wanted to get the 　12　 out.Since she posted on the social media photos of Jim and Ryan on the field trip,they have been 　13　 thousands of times.
“We are so 　14　 to have a whole school that never makes her feel left out,” said Shelly.“These beautiful people should be known to the world,to educate and 　15　 others.”
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ryan因身体原因无法像其他同学一样参与徒步旅行,但在Jim老师的帮助下,她得以参与并享受其中。Ryan的母亲Shelly感动于学校的关爱,将此事分享到网上,引发广泛关注。
1.A.involved B.present
C.preferable D.accessible
答案　D　[根据语境和常识可知,Ryan的班级计划在Falls of the Ohio State Park进行徒步旅行,由后文Jim老师背着Ryan旅行可知,该地点并不适合轮椅进出。involved“参与”;present“在场”;preferable“更可取”;accessible“可到达的,可进入的”,故选D项。]
2.A.reserve B.witness
C.approach D.participate
答案　D　[Shelly想要找到一种方法来确保Ryan可以参加(participate)这次徒步旅行。reserve“预订,预约”;witness“当场看到,目击”;approach“(在距离或时间上)靠近,接近”;participate“参加,参与”,故选D项。]
3.A.checked out B.learned about
C.put off D.turned down
答案　B　[根据上文可知,Ryan去年已经错过一次类似的班级旅行,再根据下文的“began to think about making a plan B”可知,此处表示当Shelly了解了(learned about)即将到来的班级实地考察时,她立即开始思考制订第二个行动方案,力争让Ryan这次能够参加。check out“调查”;put off“推迟”;turn down“拒绝”,故选B项。]
4.A.casually B.proudly
C.instantly D.accidentally
答案　C　[参见上题解析。casually“随意地”;proudly“自豪地”;instantly“立刻,立即,马上”;accidentally“偶然地”,故选C项。]
5.A.wrote B.commented
C.responded D.argued
答案　A　[根据上文的“I was preparing for an‘alternate field trip day’”是她在这个“Team Ryan”的在线页面上写(wrote)的内容,故选A项。]
6.A.deleted B.created
C.downloaded D.revealed
答案　B　[“Team Ryan”这个页面是Shelly特意为她的10岁女儿创建(created)的,故选B项。]
7.A.offered B.agreed
C.hesitated D.attempted
答案　A　[根据下文的“He used a special backpack to carry the 55 pound girl on his back”可知,Jim主动提出(offered)要背着Ryan。hesitate“(对某事)犹豫,迟疑不决”;attempt“尝试”,故选A项。]
8.A.calmly B.secretly
C.extensively D.temporarily
答案　C　[因为Ryan可以亲身参与这次活动,所以她能够广泛地(extensively)探索化石层。calmly“平静地”;secretly“秘密地”;temporarily“暂时地”,故选C项。]
9.A.family B.followers
C.class D.teachers
答案　C　[根据上文的“Ryan’s class at Tully Elementary School was planning a hike at Falls of the Ohio State Park.”可知,这是一次班级(class)旅行,主要是和班级同学共同出去体验大自然,故选C项。]
10.A.nervous B.ashamed
C.troublesome D.heartbroken
答案　D　[根据上文的“Ryan had missed out on a similar class trip last year as a third grader.”可知,去年Ryan没有参加班级旅行,今年她本来也是无法参加,所以可以推断出Ryan先前是因为担心无法参与活动而感到伤心的(heartbroken),故选D项。]
11.A.plan B.decision
C.mission D.act
答案　D　[根据上文的“He used a special backpack to carry the 55 pound girl on his back across the park”可知,为了帮助Ryan圆梦,大家竭尽所能,因此这次行动(act)对于Ryan和她的家人来说是意义重大的,故选D项。]
12.A.signal B.message
C.anxiety D.intention
答案　B　[根据上文可知,Shelly感动于Jim老师以及学校的帮助,是他们让Ryan实现了一起参与班级旅行的愿望,所以Shelly想要把这个消息(message)传出去,告诉更多人学校的关爱,故选B项。]
13.A.shared B.submitted
C.taken D.confirmed
答案　A　[根据前文“Since she posted on the social media photos of Jim and Ryan on the field trip”可知,Shelly在网上上传了照片;结合常识可知,这些照片被分享了数千次。submit“提交”;confirm“确认”,故选A项。]
14.A.lucky B.eager
C.willing D.desperate
答案　A　[根据本句的“have a whole school that never makes her feel left out”可知,因为整个学校都从来没有让她感到被忽视,所以Ryan和家人应该是幸运的(lucky)。eager“渴望的”;willing“愿意”;desperate“(因绝望而)不惜冒险的,不顾一切的,拼命的”,故选A项。]
15.A.recommend B.inspire
C.honor D.understand
答案　B　[根据前文的“These beautiful people should be known to the world”可知,本次活动中那些善良的人应该被大众知道,这样不仅可以教育人们,还能激励(inspire)人们去效仿,故选B项。]
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分)
(2025·杭州高三质量检测)
The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise.We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices, 1.　　　　　　 is it a good thing that we’re relying on technology more often than not,recording every step we take Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits The real questions surround not the 2.　　　　　　(wear),but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes 3. 　
(look)to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful.If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate zones,a wearable can help you do so.However,for professionals and those who are new 4.　　　　　　 working out,less is more.Earlier this month,Sara Hall,a professional marathon runner competing in the U.S.Olympic marathon trials,actually 5.　　　　　　(throw) away her smart watch midrace 6. 　
(avoid) distraction.Similarly,for beginner runners,it’s more important to learn to listen to your body’s signals—tiredness,7. 　
(ache),bursts of energy—8.　　　　　　 to track your pace or heart rate.Depending on what those goals are,there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost 9. 　
(effect),more fun,more convenient.Dr.Ethan Weiss,a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item 10.　　　　　　(attach) at your wrist,like a leash (牵狗的皮带),is more likely to pull you toward more activity.
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了可穿戴技术装置对运动员和健身爱好者的利弊,强调了个人对身体信号的关注比对数据的依赖更为重要。
1.but　[考查并列连词。空前是完整句子,空后也是完整句子,故空处应填连词。空前讲我们似乎对那些设备上的数据有太多的依赖,空后反问到我们总是依赖这些技术是一件好事吗,前后句是转折关系,故填but。]
2.wearable　[考查词性转换。此处表示可穿戴设备,与下文的“a wearable”呼应,故填wearable。]
3.looking　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作非谓语。句中的up在此作动词,意为“提高,增加”。look to do sth是固定搭配,意为“预料做某事,期待做某事”。look与athletes之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用动词 ing形式短语作后置定语,故填looking。]
4.to　[考查介词。new to是固定短语,意为“对……来说是新的”。句意:然而,对专业人士和那些刚开始锻炼的人来说,少即是多,故填to。]
5.threw　[考查时态。根据时间状语“Earlier this month”可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,故填threw。]
6.to avoid　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语。结合语境可知,此处表目的,故用动词不定式,故填to avoid。]
7.aches　[考查名词的数。空处与空前的名词tiredness和空后的名词短语bursts of energy并列,故空处应用名词形式。ache作名词,意为“(身体某部位的)疼痛”,是可数名词,且其前无冠词修饰,应填复数形式,故填aches。]
8.than　[考查连词。根据句中的more并结合句意可知,此处含有比较的含义,故填than。句意:同样,对跑步初学者来说,学会倾听身体的信号——疲劳、疼痛、能量爆发——比追踪速度或心率更重要,故填than。]
9.effective　[考查词性转换。此处与空后的形容词f

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