资源简介

英语
一　背记单词/词块
◎灾难
1．tornado n. 龙卷风；旋风
2．drought n. 旱灾
3．landslide n. (山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．tsunami n. 海啸
5．flood n. 洪水
6．volcanic eruption 火山喷发
7．magnitude n. (地)震级；重大
8．typhoon n. 台风
9．hurricane n. (尤指西大西洋的)飓风
◎影响
10．destroy vt. 毁灭
11．damage n. 损坏
12．evacuate vt. 疏散；撤出
13．crack n. 裂纹
14．ruin n．& vt. 破坏
15．trap vt. 使落入险境　n. 陷阱
16．bury vt. 埋葬；安葬
17．crash vt.& vi. 碰撞
18．strike vi.& vt. 侵袭
◎救援
19．rescue n．& vt. 营救
20．helicopter n. 直升机
21．shelter n. 避难处；居所；庇护
22．effort n. 努力
23．unify vi.& vt. 统一；(使)成一体
24．supply n. 供应
25．power n. 电力供应
26．calm adj. 镇静的　vt. 使镇静
27．aid n. 援助
28．kit n. 成套工具；成套设备
29．first aid kit 急救箱
◎其他
30．slide vi.& vt. 滑行；滑动
31．gas n. 气体；燃气；汽油
32．percent n. 百分之……
33．brick n. 砖；砖块
34．metal n. 金属
35．context n. 上下文；语境；背景
36．tap vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
37．pipe n. 管子
38．whistle vi. 吹口哨　n. 哨子(声)
39．sweep vt.& vi. 打扫；清扫
40．wave vi.& vt. 挥手；招手
二　词形变化
1．disaster n. 灾难→disastrous adj. 灾难性的
2．die v. 死亡→dead adj. 死的→deadly adj. 致命的→death n. 死亡
3．affect vt. 影响→affection n. 感情
4．shock n. 震惊　vt. (使)震惊→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的
5．electric adj. 电的→electronic adj. 电子的→electricity n. 电
6．breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→breathing n. 呼吸
7．revive vt.& vi. 复活→revival n. 振兴
8．wise adj. 明智的→wisdom n. 智慧
9．suffer vt. 遭受→suffering n. 痛苦→sufferer n. 患难者
10．volcano n. 火山→volcanic adj. 火山的→volcanically adv. 火山似地
11．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发→eruption n. 喷发
12．survive vi. 生存→survival n. 幸存→survivor n. 幸存者
13．emerge vi. 浮现→emergent adj. 紧急的→emergency n. 突发事件
14．deliver vt.& vi. 递送→delivery n. 投递
15．sum v. 概括→summarize v. 总结→summary n. 总结
16．effect n. 影响→effective adj. 有效的→effectiveness n. 有效性
17．long adj. 长的→length n. 长度→lengthen v. 变长
1．People were shocked to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The shocking news shocked all the people around.(shock)
2．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of surviving/survival. Thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in surviving the terrible flood and they were the only two survivors．(survive)
3．The deadly disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 deaths up to now.(die)
4．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to breathe the fresh air. Although I became breathless when I was on the top, the breathing of fresh air was worth it. (breath)
5．As the days begin to lengthen in spring, we feel a longing for the warm sunshine and spend more time enjoying the increased length of daylight.(long)
6．The courier company promises to deliver your package on time, ensuring a reliable and efficient delivery service.(deliver)
7．The new marketing strategy has proven to be highly effective,__generating a significant effect on sales and demonstrating its effectiveness in boosting brand awareness.(effect)
8．As the situation began to emerge as critical, the team quickly responded to the emergent needs, coordinating efforts to address the emergency．(emerge)
三　熟词生义
1.slide [熟义] v. (使)滑行；滑动
[生义] v. 悄悄移动
2．trap [熟义] n. 险境；陷阱　v. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
[生义] v. 把……困住；留存，储存(气体/水等)
3．suffer [熟义] v. 遭受；蒙受；(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
[生义] v. 变差；变糟
4．power [熟义] n. 电力供应；力量
[生义] v. 驱动；推动
5．tap [熟义] n. 水龙头；塞子
[生义] v．& n. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
1．Because of the greenhouse effect the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.
由于温室效应，储存在大气层中的气体使地球变暖。
2．His school work is suffering because of family problems.
因为家庭问题他的学业日渐退步。
3．The aircraft is powered by a jet engine.
这架飞机由喷气发动机驱动。
4．She felt a tap on her shoulder.
她感觉到有人在她肩上拍了一下。
5．To avoid being caught, he secretly slid into the classroom through the back door.
为了不被抓住，他悄悄地从后门溜进了教室。
小积累　word families
　1.自然灾害一览 ①tornado 龙卷风；旋风 ②flood 洪水 ③typhoon 台风 ④hurricane 飓风 ⑤earthquake 地震 ⑥tsunami 海啸 2.各种“救援” ①rescue n．& vt. 营救；救援 ②evacuate v. 疏散；撤离 ③supply n. 补给品 ④lifesaving operation 救生行动 ⑤relief goods 救援物资 ⑥first aid kit 急救箱 3.“if短语”大家族 ①as__if 似乎；好像 ②if only 但愿 ③if so 如果是这样的话；要是这样 ④if any 如果有的话 ⑤ifs and buts 借口；托词 ⑥even__if 即使，尽管
一　词表短语
1．as__if 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in__ruins 严重受损；破败不堪
3．in__shock 震惊；吃惊
4．in__the__open__air 露天；在户外
5．on__hand 现有(尤指帮助)
6．sweep__away 消灭；彻底消除
　选用上面的短语填空
1．Fortunately, there were several doctors on__hand to provide immediate medical assistance when the accident occurred.
2．He spoke with such confidence that everyone listened to him as__if he were an expert in the field.
3．The ancient city, once prosperous, now lies in__ruins,__a sad reminder of wars past.
4．When she heard the news, she was in__shock,__unable to speak for several minutes.
二　写作词块
1．natural__disasters 自然灾难
2．put__up__shelters 搭建避难所
3．deliver__food__and__supplies 运送食物和用品
4．greenhouse__effect/side__effect 温室效应/副作用
5．rescue__sb__from 从……中营救某人
6．do/cause__damage__to 对……有损害
7．shelter__...__from__... 保护……免受到……
8．be__trapped__in 困住；陷入困境
9．calm__down 平静下来；镇静下来
10．come__to__one's__aid 帮助某人
11．in__summary 总的来说
12．disaster__prevention__and__recovery 防灾和灾后恢复
1．(教材P50)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。(too＋形容词＋to ... “太……而不能……”)
Chickens__and__even__pigs__were__too__nervous__to__eat,__and__dogs__refused__to__go__inside__buildings.
2．(教材P50)仿佛世界末日即将来临！(as if引导虚拟语气)
It__seemed__as__if__the__world__were__coming__to__an__end!
3．(教材P54)当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。(be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时(突然)……”)
I__was__having__breakfast__with__my__three__children__when__water__started__filling__my__home.
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．disaster n. 灾难；灾害→disastrous adj. 灾难性的，使损失惨重的；极失败的，很糟的
2．die v. 死亡→dead adj. 死的→deadly adj. 致命的→death n. 死；死亡
3．shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克　vt. (使)震惊→shocking adj. 令人震惊的→shocked adj. 感到震惊的
4．survive vi. 生存；存活　vt. 幸存；艰难度过→survival n. 幸存；生还→survivor n. 幸存者；生还者
5．wise adj. (行为或决定)明智的，高明的；有学问的→wisdom n. 智慧；才智
6．emerge vi. 浮现；出现→emergent adj. 紧急的→emergency n. 突发事件；紧急情况
7．effect n. 影响；结果；效果→effective adj. 有效的→effectiveness n. 有效性
8．long adj. 长的→length n. 长；长度→lengthen v. (使)变长
9．volcano n. 火山→volcanic adj. 火山的→volcanically adv. 火山似地
10．electric adj. 电的→electronic adj. 电子的→electricity n. 电；电能
11．suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受　vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n. 痛苦→sufferer n. 患难者
12．breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸→breath n. 呼吸→breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→breathing n. 呼吸
拔高词汇— 高分必备
1.cater/'keIt (r)/v. 迎合；满足需求；提供饮食或服务 2．cookout/'k ka t/n. 露天烧烤餐 3．companionship/k m'p nj n Ip/n. 友谊；友好交往 4．fierce/fI s/adj. (动作或情感)强烈的，激烈的 5.confess/k n'fes/v. 供认，招供；承认，坦白 6．endurance/In'dj r ns/n. 忍耐力；耐久力 7．exclude/Ik'sklu d/vt. (故意)不包括，把……排除在外 8．expedition/ eksp 'dI ( )n/n. 探险；远征
二、重点语块
In the aftermath of the devastating disaster, the town stood in__ruins (严重受损), as__if (似乎，好像) a giant hand had__swept__away (消灭) everything in its path. People were in__shock (震惊), standing in__the__open__air (露天) amidst the debris, unable to comprehend the magnitude of the loss. But amidst the chaos, help was on__hand (现有). Volunteers and rescue teams quickly organized to deliver__food__and__supplies (运送食物和用品) to those in need. Slowly, the community began to calm__down (平静下来), finding strength in unity as they worked together to rebuild.
三、重点句式
1．他谈论那个城市，就好像他以前去过那里一样。(as if引导虚拟语气)
He talked about the city as__if__he__had__been__there__before．
2．他们正在搭建临时住所时，突然又发生了一次余震。(be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时(突然)……”)
They__were__setting__up__temporary__shelters__when a sudden aftershock occurred.
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P50】仿佛世界末日即将来临！
It__seemed__as__if__the__world__were__coming__to__an__end!
2．【教材P50】幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
Everywhere__survivors__looked,__there__was__nothing__but__ruins.
3．【教材P50】唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。
Tangshan__started__to__revive__itself__and__get__back__up__on__its__feet.
4．【教材P54】然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
However,__dangerous__conditions__and__damaged__roads__will__make__it__difficult__to__deliver__food__and__supplies.
硬核考点
考点1　 flood n. 洪水；大量　vi. 淹没；大量涌入　vt. 使灌满水；淹没 a flood of ... 大量的…… flood in/into/out of 大量涌入/蜂拥而出 flood back 涌上心头 be flooded with 充满/挤满…… 表示“情感”的名词＋flood(s) over sb 某人非常/深感……
1.(2023·全国甲卷)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
2．They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
3．一股巨大的暖流淹没了我的全身，就像我们之间的一堵墙被推倒了。(写作佳句)
A__huge__wave__of__warmth__flooded__all__over__my__body and it seemed like a wall between us torn down.
4．当我们参观我的故居时，回忆涌上心头。
When__we__visited__my__old__family__home,__memory__came__flooding__back.
考点2　 affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 be deeply/greatly affected by ... 被……影响；被……深深打动 be affected with ... 染上……疾病 show/have/feel much/an affection for ... (非常)喜爱……
1．The elderly man was affected with severe cold, making it difficult for him to move around freely.
2．He has a deep affection for his hometown, where he grew up and spent most of his childhood.
3．整个地区都受到大旱的严重影响，导致大面积的作物歉收。
The__entire__region__was__deeply__affected__by__the__severe__drought,__leading to widespread crop failure.
考点3　 bury vt. 埋葬；安葬；掩藏；使沉浸，使专心 bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 bury one's head in one's arms 双手抱头
1.Unfortunately, some students ignore PE classes, during which they simply bury__themselves__in__homework (埋头于家庭作业) or just idle the time away.
2．她啜泣着，双手捂着脸。(写作佳句)
She__sobbed,__hiding/burying/covering__her__face__in__her__hands.
3．David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. (写作佳句)
→David still refused to look at me, burying__his__head__in__his__arms．(分词(短语)作状语)
→David still refused to look at me, with__his__head__buried__in__his__arms．(with的复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me, his__head__buried__in__his__arms．(独立主格结构)
考点4　 effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth 努力做某事 put effort into (doing) sth 投入精力(做)某事 spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事 be well worth the effort 值得努力 with effort 费劲地 without effort 轻松地 in an effort to do ... 为了做…… effortless charm天生的魅力
1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to__build (build) a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
2．In an effort to__save (save) money, she started making her own meals instead of eating out every day.
3．然而，他不遗余力地追赶着其他人，丝毫没有放弃的迹象。(写作佳句)
However, he__spared__no__effort__to__catch__up__with__the__others,__showing no sign of giving up.
4．我们可以通过经常跑步和保持均衡饮食，努力保持身体健康。(写作佳句)
We__can__put__effort__into__maintaining__our__fitness__by__running__regularly__and__keeping__a__balanced__diet.
【译林版必修第三册写作佳句】
After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才松了一口气，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
考点5　 strike vi.& vt.(struck, struck/ stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲响，报时　vt. 给……印象；突然想到　n. 罢工；罢课；袭击 be struck by/with ... 被……击中；被……打动 It strikes/hits sb that ... ＝It occurs to sb that 某人突然想起…… strike ... into one's heart使某人感到…… What strikes sb most is (that) ... 给某人印象最深的是…… strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡 be/go on strike 在/举行罢工
1.The moment of our departure finally arrived as the__clock__struck__11 (钟敲响11点)．
2．在整个活动过程中，我被世界上种类繁多、令人惊叹的植物所震撼，并了解到了用于医疗的植物，以及为动物提供食物和庇护的植物。(写作佳句)
Throughout the event, I__was__struck__by__the__incredible__variety__of__plants that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.
3．我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
It__struck__me__all__of__a__sudden__that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
＝It__suddenly__hit__me__that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
＝It__suddenly__occurred__to__me__that playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
考点6　 effect n. 影响；结果；效果 have an effect/influence/impact on/upon ... 对……有影响 come into effect＝take effect 生效；起作用 in effect 有效，生效；实际上，事实上 be of no effect 无效果的 side effect 副作用 greenhouse effect 温室效应 cause and effect 因果关系
1.(2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective (effect) at getting grizzlies away.
2．The medication I'm taking is supposed to come__into/take__effect__within__an__hour (一小时内生效), and I should start feeling better soon.
3．通过实践，我发现烹饪不仅提高了我的烹饪技巧，还对我产生了镇静的效果。(写作佳句)
Through my practice, I found that cooking not only improved my culinary skills, but__also__had__a__calming__effect__on__me.
4．温室效应导致地球温度上升，导致气候变化和全球变暖。
The__greenhouse__effect__is__causing__the__Earth's__temperature__to__rise,__leading to climate change and global warming.
考点7　 as if引导虚拟语气 as if/though＋陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况) as if/though＋虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况) 虚拟现在：did(be动词用were) 虚拟过去：had done 虚拟将来：would/might/could＋do
1.They moved and jumped fast and smoothly across every obstacle as if they were (be) flying.
2．眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(写作佳句)
Tears swirling in his eyes, David raised his head, looked at me as__if__he__would__say__something,__but lowered his head once again.
3．她英语说得如此流利，好像她是母语者似的。
She__speaks__English__so__fluently__as__if__she__were__a__native__speaker.
考点8　 be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时(突然)…… when用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。 when表示“这时(突然)”之意，还用于以下三种句型： be about to do ... when ... 正要做……这时(突然)…… be on the point/verge/edge of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时(突然)…… had (just) done ... when ... 刚做完……这时(突然)……
1.We had__reached (reach) the village when it began to rain.
2．I was about to__answer (answer) the question when a stranger entered the classroom.
3．我在网上搜索相关信息时，手机响了。
I was searching the Internet for the relevant information when__my__cellphone__rang．
4．我正在玩电脑游戏，这时突然我的电脑崩溃了。
I was__on__the__point/verge/edge__of__playing__computer__games when my computer broke down.
【外研版必修第三册写作佳句】
Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。 强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．He was deeply affected by the sudden death of his best friend, and he struggled to cope with the loss for weeks.
2．However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless (effort) feeling.
3．Struck by what he had done for me, I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.
4．With his face buried in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.
5．The local clubs are making every effort to__interest (interest) more young people.
6．Breathing a sigh of relief, she saw the shocked (shock) looks of others and knew she had made it.
7．The lecture, scheduled from 3：00 to 5：00 on the afternoon of this Friday, will__be__delivered (deliver) by a renowned astronaut in our lecture hall.
8．After the heavy rainstorm, a flood of water entered the basement, causing significant damage.
9．We decided to collect as many school supplies (supply) as possible, and make them into kits—one kit, one child.
10．The law aimed at reducing plastic waste will come into effect next year, forcing businesses to make changes.
二、熟词生义
1．The thief slid into the room.悄悄溜进
2．The desire for success powers him to work tirelessly, pushing him to overcome obstacles and achieve his goals. 驱动
3．He accidentally trapped his hand in the machine and needed to be rescued by firefighters.困住
4．She tapped him on the shoulder to get his attention, motioning for him to follow her. 轻拍
5．His health began to suffer as he took on more and more work, leading to frequent illnesses.变差
三、构词法
词缀 含义 例词
con 共同；表示强调；圆锥体；与……一起 context,__contact, connect, control, confuse, continue, confirm, concern, confident
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．She received a call from the employer to confirm her job offer.确认
2．She lost all contact with her family when she moved to a foreign country. 联系
3．You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.上下文
4．The environmental issue is a major concern for many people around the world.关心
5．The towns are connected by train and bus services. 连接
6．The similar sounding names often confuse the students when they are taking notes.迷惑
四、补全句子
1．当得知这位深受爱戴的老师突然去世时，整个社区都陷入了震惊之中。
The__entire__community__was__in__shock when they learned about the sudden death of the beloved teacher.
2．李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了深远的影响。(effect)
During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, which__had__a__profound__effect__on__Chinese__culture.
3．他们对待宠物，就像对待人类小孩一样。
They treat their pets as__if__they__were__human__children．
4．她正在对此疑惑，这时爸爸出现了，告诉妻子这对双胞胎为了给她一个惊喜是如何做准备的。(be doing ... when ... )
She__was__wondering__about__it__when__the__father__turned__up,__telling his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her a great surprise.
5．她埋头于阅读，试图暂时忘记自己的烦恼。
She__buried__herself__in__reading,__trying to forget about her worries for a while.
6．当他走过自己儿时居住的地方时，满脑子都是童年的回忆。
He__was__flooded__with__memories__of__his__childhood as he walked through his old neighborhood.
五、长难句分析
(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.
句意：考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这就是《人工智能设计：人工智能生活计划》的由来。
分析：句子主干是we__all__need__to__take__action__and__this__is__where__...。Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives是介词短语作原因状语；and连接两个并列主句；where引导表语从句。
读写用—素养提升
一、加强语言运用——明晰考向　以阅读促运用
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __41__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running __42__， but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was __43__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I __44__ it! Between the girl making my __45__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __46__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I __47__ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I __48__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I __49__ her bike and went for a ride. The __50__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such __51__. That day, I got __52__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __53__.
I've __54__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __55__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行并适合自己。
41．A.knew B．held
C．won D．quit
答案：C
解析：根据文章首句“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.”可知，作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。由此可推知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。故选C。
42．A.regularly B．silently
C．proudly D．recently
答案：A
解析：结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。故选A。
43．A.asking B．looking
C．waiting D．training
答案：D
解析：根据下文“referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练。故选D。
44．A.made B．believed
C．hated D．deserved
答案：C
解析：根据下文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，因此其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，所以此处是指作者讨厌跑步。故选C。
45．A.advantage B．achievement
C．contribution D．influence
答案：B
解析：作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。故选B。
46．A.way B．risk
C．place D．reason
答案：D
解析：根据上文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的、无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。故选D。
47．A.gave up B．went on
C．turned to D．dealt with
答案：C
解析：根据下文“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。故选C。
48．A.heard B．dreamed
C．complained D．approved
答案：B
解析：根据上文描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛，直到飞往圣迭戈拜访姐姐。故选B。
49．A.painted B．borrowed
C．bought D．parked
答案：B
解析：根据上文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day”和下文“went for a ride”可知，作者去圣迭戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处指作者向姐姐借了自行车。故选B。
50．A.problem B．secret
C．principle D．advice
答案：A
解析：根据下文“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，所以此处指作者遇到的问题。故选A。
51．A.dangers B．events
C．opponents D．challenges
答案：D
解析：作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处指作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。故选D。
52．A.passed B．convinced
C．admired D．stopped
答案：A
解析：根据上文内容和下文“by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过。故选A。
53．A.reliable B．convenient
C．familiar D．appealing
答案：D
解析：结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者受挫了，因此骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了。故选D。
54．A.traveled B．matured
C．missed D．worried
答案：B
解析：结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept ... be my own.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，由此可知，作者成长了。故选B。
55．A.limits B．dates
C．goals D．tests
答案：C
解析：综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，所以作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标必须是自己的(不与别人比较)。故选C。
精读首句以把握主题
1．完形填空的首句是理解全文的关键。它们经常提供重要的背景信息或引出主题，对解题有重要指导意义。
2．仔细阅读文章首句，可以确定文章基调，预测可能涉及的语境，从而在填空时做出更合理的选择。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材　情绪描写——欣慰、如释重负
欣慰翻涌 a feeling/sense/mixture of relief washed/flooded over/welled up inside/surged through sb
令人欣慰的是 to one's relief
欣慰地看到/知道/听见…… be relieved to see/know/hear ...
满是欣慰 one's heart was filled/overwhelmed with relief and warmth
如释重负 a huge burden/load was lifted off/from one's shoulders
涌出欣慰的泪水 tears well up from a sense of gratification
松了一口气 let out a sigh of relief; sigh with relief; gasp with relief
知道……后思想上释然(石头落地) It's a huge weight/burden/load off one's mind to know that ...
卸下重担 the weight of the world/a heavy burden was lifted
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·江苏省扬州市高邮市高三月考)
Kobe Earthquake Memorial Museum
History
Kobe Earthquake Memorial Museum is devoted to the events and aftermath of the Kobe Earthquake, a magnitude (震级) 7.3 earthquake that occurred at 5：46 am on January 17, 1995. Over 6，000 people lost their lives with the majority of them in Kobe, just to the north of Awaji Island. The earthquake was Japan's worst earthquake of the 20th century after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. Over 400，000 buildings were damaged and a number of railway bridges collapsed.
Exhibits
Visitors are advised to begin their tour on the fourth floor with a 7 minute video. Then a further 15 minute video “Living with This City” tells the story of the events after the earthquake and the relief efforts to restore shelter, power, water and food supplies to the people of Kobe.
The third floor contains a wall panel with the recollections of survivors, in particular young children who lived through the event. There are a number of interactive exhibits to inform and educate visitors about the event including a video of survivors relating their own experiences.
The second floor has exhibits and workshops on disaster management. The East Building also shows a documentary on the Kobe Earthquake twice an hour.
Admission
600 yen per adult; 450 yen per university student; 300 yen per high schooler; junior high schoolers and below are free.
Hours
9：30 am－5：30 pm (Monday－Friday)；
9：30 am－7：00 pm (Saturday & Sunday)
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了神户地震纪念馆的相关信息，包括其历史、展出内容、费用以及开放时间。
1．What can visitors do in the museum
A．Understand the history of all the earthquakes.
B．Watch the 7 minute video “Living with This City”．
C．Experience some mutually engaged exhibits.
D．Learn about disaster management on the third floor.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Exhibits部分第二段中的“There are a number of ... their own experiences.”可知，游客在博物馆里可以体验一些互动展览。故选C。
2．How much should a high schooler and his parents pay if they visit the museum
A．900 yen. B．1，200 yen.
C．1，500 yen. D．1，650 yen.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Admission部分中的“600 yen per adult ... 300 yen per high schooler”可知，一个高中生和他的父母参观博物馆应该花：600*2＋300＝1，500日元。故选C。
3．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．A travel guide to a museum.
B．A description of a museum.
C．An essay on the earthquake.
D．An introduction to the earthquake.
答案：A
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神户地震纪念馆的相关信息，包括其历史、展出内容、费用以及开放时间。由此可推知，文章可能选自博物馆旅游指南。故选A。
B
(2025·内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟高三期中)Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes.
The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team's knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.
This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI driven earthquake prediction. “You don't see earthquakes coming，” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (Tex Net). “It's a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that's a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.”
While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT's Bureau Tex Net has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes.
Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward，” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau's director.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了利用人工智能预测地震的新方法，该方法在试验中展现出较高的准确性，为地震预测领域带来了希望。
4．How does the AI forecast earthquakes
A．By identifying data from the satellites.
B．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth.
C．By modeling data based on earthquake recordings.
D．By monitoring changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once trained ... in the Earth.”可知，人工智能通过分析地球上的背景隆隆声来预测地震。故选B。
5．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in Paragraph 3
A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes.
B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes.
C．The significance of developing the AI prediction.
D．The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI driven earthquake prediction.”以及“It's a matter of ... improve earthquake preparation worldwide.”可推知，本段中，Alexandros Savvaidis (亚历山德罗斯·萨维迪斯)打算展示的是发展人工智能预测地震的意义。故选C。
6．What does the follow up research focus on
A．Conducting tests in different locations.
B．Applying the AI approach to other fields.
C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas.
D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy.
答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The next step is to test ... for these purposes.(下一步是在得克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为得克萨斯大学的Bureau Tex Net拥有300个地震台站和六年多的连续记录，使其成为实现这些目的的理想地点。)”可知，后续研究的重点是在得克萨斯州的不同地点测试人工智能。故选A。
7．Which words can best describe the earthquake predicting technology
A．Stable but outdated.
B．Effective but costly.
C．Potential and economical.
D．Pioneering and promising.
答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI driven earthquake prediction.”以及第四段中的“While it is unknown ... earthquake tracking networks.”可知，这项工作是一个里程碑，人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测，由此可推知，地震预测技术是开拓性的，并且发展前景是充满希望的。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·辽宁省葫芦岛市连山区东北师范大学连山实验高中高三月考)For outdoor enthusiasts, it is crucial to be prepared for any sort of natural disaster in the open air. __1__ It includes what kinds of disasters may strike, and what resources should be taken on your trip.
__2__ Desert areas are more likely to be affected by droughts; coastal regions are more likely to see hurricanes; mountainous areas are likely to avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer. Therefore, always do some research ahead of time to help you find right survival strategies in different conditions.
While you're planning, the essential thing to consider is the things you should pack for your trip. Any disaster that may separate you from civilization for a period of time will require you to provide your own food, water, and shelter for at least a few days. __3__ For disasters that may wet your equipment, flameless light sources are a must. What you bring with you should be suited to the disaster you might encounter.
Once you complete your survival plan, it's better to review it periodically. When a natural disaster strikes, you probably won't have time to go over a document or go online to seek advice. __4__
If a natural disaster strikes while you are in the wilderness, you should put your survival plan into effect immediately. __5__ Then contact others for help. Do not wait around to see if the disaster is really that serious, do not panic, and do not easily abandon your plan.
A．But this is not always the case.
B．It's also a good idea to bring light sources.
C．That means having a disaster response plan.
D．It's also great to consult with the specialists in person.
E．Consequently, revising it frequently is strongly recommended.
F．Different kinds of disasters are likely to occur in different areas.
G．Stay calm, act decisively, and begin working to keep yourself alive.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就在自然灾害到来之前制定生存计划提出一些建议。
1．答案：C
解析：根据上文“For outdoor enthusiasts ... in the open air.(对于户外运动爱好者来说，在户外为任何自然灾害做好准备是至关重要的。)”可知，设空处应承接上文，针对上文提到的自然灾害做好灾难应对计划。C项(这意味着要有一个灾难应对计划。)符合语境。故选C。
2．答案：F
解析：设空处为本段主题句。根据下文“Desert areas are more likely ... landslides in summer.”可知，本段主要讲述了不同地区会发生不同的灾害。F项(不同的地区可能发生不同种类的灾害。)概括本段内容。故选F。
3．答案：B
解析：根据上文“Any disaster that may ... at least a few days.(任何可能将你与舒适的生活环境隔离一段时间的灾难将要求你提供你自己的食物、水和至少几天的避难所。)”可知，设空处应承接上文，提出需要准备的东西。B项(带光源也是个好主意。)符合语境。故选B。
4．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Once you complete ... to seek advice.(一旦你完成了生存计划，最好定期回顾一下。当自然灾害来袭时，你可能没有时间浏览文件或上网寻求建议。)”可知，E项(因此，强烈建议经常复习它。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选E。
5．答案：G
解析：根据上文“If a natural disaster ... into effect immediately.(当你在野外时，如果自然灾害来袭，你应该立即实施你的生存计划。)”可知，设空处应承接上文，说明要采取果断行动。G项(保持冷静，果断行动，开始努力让自己活下去。)符合语境。故选G。
3(共91张PPT)
WELCOME UNIT
第一编　教材复习
必修第一册
UNIT 4　NATURAL DISASTERS
单元话题 语法 写作
自然灾害 限制性定语从句(1) 新闻报道摘要
教材深挖
高效课时作业
目录
CONTENTS
2
3
高效晨背
1
高效晨背
一　背记单词/词块
◎灾难
1．tornado n. ________________
2．________ n. 旱灾
3．landslide n. _________________________
4．tsunami n. ________
5．flood n. _________
6．volcanic eruption ________________
7．magnitude n. ________________
8．typhoon n. ________
9．hurricane n. _______________________
龙卷风；旋风
drought
(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
海啸
洪水
火山喷发
(地)震级；重大
台风
(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
◎影响
10．________ vt. 毁灭
11．________ n. 损坏
12．evacuate vt. ________________
13．________ n. 裂纹
14．________ n．& vt. 破坏
15．________ vt. 使落入险境　n. 陷阱
16．bury vt. ________________
17．________ vt.& vi. 碰撞
18．________ vi.& vt. 侵袭
destroy
damage
疏散；撤出
crack
ruin
trap
埋葬；安葬
crash
strike
◎救援
19．________ n．& vt. 营救
20．helicopter n. ________________
21．shelter n. _____________________
22．________ n. 努力
23．unify vi.& vt. ________________
rescue
直升机
避难处；居所；庇护
effort
统一；(使)成一体
24．________ n. 供应
25．________ n. 电力供应
26．________ adj. 镇静的　vt. 使镇静
27．________ n. 援助
28．kit n. _____________________
29．first aid kit ________________
supply
power
calm
aid
成套工具；成套设备
急救箱
◎其他
30．slide vi.& vt. ________________
31．gas n. ________________
32．________ n. 百分之……
33．brick n. ________________
34．metal n. ________________
35．context n. ____________________
滑行；滑动
气体；燃气；汽油
percent
砖；砖块
金属
上下文；语境；背景
36．tap vi.& vt. ___________________
37．________ n. 管子
38．whistle vi. __________　n. ____________
39．sweep vt.& vi. ________________
40．wave vi.& vt. ________________
轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
pipe
吹口哨
哨子(声)
打扫；清扫
挥手；招手
二　词形变化
1.disaster n. 灾难→___________ adj. 灾难性的
2．die v. 死亡→________ adj. 死的→________ adj. 致命的→________ n. 死亡
3．affect vt. 影响→________ n. 感情
4．shock n. 震惊　vt. (使)震惊→________ adj. 令人震惊的→________ adj. 感到震惊的
5．electric adj. 电的→___________ adj. 电子的→___________ n. 电
6．breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸→________ n. 呼吸→___________ adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→________ n. 呼吸
7．revive vt.& vi. 复活→________ n. 振兴
disastrous
dead
deadly
death
affection
shocking
shocked
electronic
electricity
breath
breathless
breathing
revival
8．wise adj. 明智的→________ n. 智慧
9．suffer vt. 遭受→__________ n. 痛苦→________ n. 患难者
10．volcano n. 火山→________ adj. 火山的→___________ adv. 火山似地
11．erupt vi.& vt. (火山)爆发→________ n. 喷发
12．survive vi. 生存→________ n. 幸存→________ n. 幸存者
13．emerge vi. 浮现→________ adj. 紧急的→___________ n. 突发事件
14．deliver vt.& vi. 递送→________ n. 投递
15．sum v. 概括→___________ v. 总结→__________ n. 总结
16．effect n. 影响→________ adj. 有效的→____________ n. 有效性
17．long adj. 长的→________ n. 长度→__________ v. 变长
wisdom
suffering
sufferer
volcanic
volcanically
eruption
survival
survivor
emergent
emergency
delivery
summarize
summary
effective
effectiveness
length
lengthen
1．People were ________ to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The ________ news ________ all the people around.(shock)
2．Mastering some basic skills would greatly increase your chances of ________________. Thanks to the swimming skills, he and his friend succeeded in __________ the terrible flood and they were the only two ________．(survive)
3．The ________ disease has affected many people and has caused at least 30 ________ up to now.(die)
4．Yesterday, I climbed the mountain top to ________ the fresh air. Although I became ________ when I was on the top, the ________ of fresh air was worth it. (breath)
shocked
shocking
shocked
surviving/survival
surviving
survivors
deadly
deaths
breathe
breathless
breathing
5．As the days begin to ________ in spring, we feel a longing for the warm sunshine and spend more time enjoying the increased ________ of daylight.(long)
6．The courier company promises to ________ your package on time, ensuring a reliable and efficient ________ service.(deliver)
7．The new marketing strategy has proven to be highly ________， generating a significant ________ on sales and demonstrating its _____________ in boosting brand awareness.(effect)
8．As the situation began to ________ as critical, the team quickly responded to the __________ needs, coordinating efforts to address the ___________．(emerge)
lengthen
length
deliver
delivery
effective
effect
effectiveness
emerge
emergent
emergency
1.slide [熟义] v. (使)滑行；滑动
[生义] v. ____________________
2．trap [熟义] n. 险境；陷阱　v. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
[生义] v. ______________________________________
3.suffer [熟义] v. 遭受；蒙受；(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦
[生义] v. _______________
4．power [熟义] n. 电力供应；力量
[生义] v. _______________
5．tap [熟义] n. 水龙头；塞子
[生义] v．& n. ____________________
三　熟词生义
悄悄移动
把……困住；留存，储存(气体/水等)
变差；变糟
驱动；推动
轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
1．Because of the greenhouse effect the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.
由于温室效应，________在大气层中的气体使地球变暖。
2．His school work is suffering because of family problems.
因为家庭问题他的学业日渐________。
储存
退步
3．The aircraft is powered by a jet engine.
这架飞机由喷气发动机________。
4．She felt a tap on her shoulder.
她感觉到有人在她肩上________了一下。
5．To avoid being caught, he secretly slid into the classroom through the back door.
为了不被抓住，他悄悄地从后门________了教室。
驱动
拍
溜进
1.自然灾害一览 ①________ 龙卷风；旋风 ②flood 洪水 ③typhoon 台风 ④hurricane 飓风 ⑤___________ 地震 ⑥tsunami 海啸 2.各种“救援” ①_________ n．& vt. 营救；救援 ②__________ v. 疏散；撤离 ③supply n. 补给品 ④lifesaving operation 救生行动 ⑤relief goods 救援物资 ⑥first aid kit 急救箱 3.“if短语”大家族
①________ 似乎；好像
②if only 但愿
③if so 如果是这样的话；要是这样
④if any 如果有的话
⑤ifs and buts 借口；托词
⑥___________ 即使，尽管
tornado
earthquake
rescue
evacuate
as if
even if
小积累　word families
1.________ 似乎；好像；仿佛
2．_________ 严重受损；破败不堪
3．__________ 震惊；吃惊
4．________________ 露天；在户外
5．___________ 现有(尤指帮助)
6．_____________ 消灭；彻底消除
as if
in ruins
in shock
in the open air
on hand
sweep away
选用上面的短语填空
1．Fortunately, there were several doctors ____________ to provide immediate medical assistance when the accident occurred.
2．He spoke with such confidence that everyone listened to him _______ he were an expert in the field.
3．The ancient city, once prosperous, now lies ________， a sad reminder of wars past.
4．When she heard the news, she was __________， unable to speak for several minutes.
on hand
as if
in ruins
in shock
二　写作词块
1.________________ 自然灾难
2．________________ 搭建避难所
3．_______________________ 运送食物和用品
4．___________________________ 温室效应/副作用
5．________________ 从……中营救某人
6．___________________ 对……有损害
natural disasters
put up shelters
deliver food and supplies
greenhouse effect/side effect
rescue sb from
do/cause damage to
7．________________ 保护……免受到……
8．________________ 困住；陷入困境
9．________________ 平静下来；镇静下来
10．________________ 帮助某人
11．________________ 总的来说
12．______________________________ 防灾和灾后恢复
shelter ... from ...
be trapped in
calm down
come to one's aid
in summary
disaster prevention and recovery
1．(教材P50)鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。(too＋形容词＋to ... “太……而不能……”)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．(教材P50)仿佛世界末日即将来临！(as if引导虚拟语气)
__________________________________________________________________
3．(教材P54)当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。(be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时(突然)……”)
__________________________________________________________________
Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat, and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
教材深挖
自主检测
一、重点单词
1．disaster n. 灾难；灾害→_____________ adj. 灾难性的，使损失惨重的；极失败的，很糟的
2．die v. 死亡→________ adj. 死的→________ adj. 致命的→________ n. 死；死亡
3．shock n. 震惊；令人震惊的事；休克　vt. (使)震惊→__________ adj. 令人震惊的→________ adj. 感到震惊的
disastrous
dead
deadly
death
shocking
shocked
4．survive vi. 生存；存活　vt. 幸存；艰难度过→________ n. 幸存；生还→________ n. 幸存者；生还者
5．wise adj. (行为或决定)明智的，高明的；有学问的→________ n. 智慧；才智
6．emerge vi. 浮现；出现→________ adj. 紧急的→__________ n. 突发事件；紧急情况
7．effect n. 影响；结果；效果→_______ adj. 有效的→__________ n. 有效性
8．long adj. 长的→________ n. 长；长度→________ v. (使)变长
survival
survivor
wisdom
emergent
emergency
effective
effectiveness
length
lengthen
9．volcano n. 火山→________ adj. 火山的→___________ adv. 火山似地
10．electric adj. 电的→__________ adj. 电子的→___________ n. 电；电能
11．suffer vt. 遭受；蒙受　vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→________ n. 痛苦→________ n. 患难者
12．breathe vi.& vt. 呼吸→_______ n. 呼吸→___________ adj. 气喘吁吁的；喘不过气来的→__________ n. 呼吸
volcanic
volcanically
electronic
electricity
suffering
sufferer
breath
breathless
breathing
1.cater/'keIt (r)/v. _________________________ ____________________ 2．cookout/'k ka t/n. ______________________ 3．companionship/k m'p nj n Ip/n. ______________________________ 4．fierce/fI s/adj. __________________________________ 5.confess/k n'fes/v. _______________________________
6．endurance/In'dj r ns/n. ________________
7．exclude/Ik'sklu d/vt. _____________________________________
8．expedition/ eksp 'dI ( )n/n. ______________
迎合；满足需求；
提供饮食或服务
露天烧烤餐
友谊；友好交往
(动作或情感)强烈的，激烈的
供认，招供；承认，坦白
忍耐力；耐久力
(故意)不包括，把……排除在外
探险；远征
拔高词汇— 高分必备
二、重点语块
In the aftermath of the devastating disaster, the town stood _________ (严重受损), ______ (似乎，好像) a giant hand ______________ (消灭) everything in its path. People were _________ (震惊), standing ________________ (露天) amidst the debris, unable to comprehend the magnitude of the loss. But amidst the chaos, help was _________ (现有). Volunteers and rescue teams quickly organized to ________________________ (运送食物和用品) to those in need. Slowly, the community began to ____________ (平静下来), finding strength in unity as they worked together to rebuild.
in ruins
as if
had swept away
in shock
in the open air
on hand
deliver food and supplies
calm down
三、重点句式
1．他谈论那个城市，就好像他以前去过那里一样。(as if引导虚拟语气)
He talked about the city ____________________________．
2．他们正在搭建临时住所时，突然又发生了一次余震。(be doing ... when ... “正在做……这时(突然)……”)
_______________________________________ a sudden aftershock occurred.
as if he had been there before
They were setting up temporary shelters when
四、写作佳句
1．【教材P50】仿佛世界末日即将来临！
____________________________________________________________________
2．【教材P50】幸存者目及之处无一不是废墟。
____________________________________________________________________
3．【教材P50】唐山重新站起来并获得了新生。
____________________________________________________________________
4．【教材P54】然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.
However, dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
硬核考点
考点1　 flood n. 洪水；大量　vi. 淹没；大量涌入　vt. 使灌满水；淹没
　　a flood of ... 大量的……
　　flood in/into/out of 大量涌入/蜂拥而出
flood back 涌上心头
be flooded with 充满/挤满……
　　表示“情感”的名词＋flood(s) over sb 某人非常/深感……
1.(2023·全国甲卷)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood ________ Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear.
2．They talk to the flood ________ international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often come to check on the pandas, which are on loan from China.
3．一股巨大的暖流淹没了我的全身，就像我们之间的一堵墙被推倒了。(写作佳句)
_____________________________________________ and it seemed like a wall between us torn down.
4．当我们参观我的故居时，回忆涌上心头。
____________________________________________________________________
into
of
A huge wave of warmth flooded all over my body
When we visited my old family home, memory came flooding back.
1．The elderly man was affected ________ severe cold, making it difficult for him to move around freely.
2．He has a deep affection ________ his hometown, where he grew up and spent most of his childhood.
3．整个地区都受到大旱的严重影响，导致大面积的作物歉收。
________________________________________________， leading to widespread crop failure.
with
for
The entire region was deeply affected by the severe drought
考点2　 affect vt. 影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
　 　be deeply/greatly affected by ... 被……影响；被……深深打动
be affected with ... 染上……疾病
　　 show/have/feel much/an affection for ... (非常)喜爱……
1.Unfortunately, some students ignore PE classes, during which they simply __________________________ (埋头于家庭作业) or just idle the time away.
2．她啜泣着，双手捂着脸。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________
3．David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. (写作佳句)
→David still refused to look at me, _______________________．(分词(短语)作状语)
→David still refused to look at me, _________________________．(with的复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me, ________________________．(独立主格结构)
bury themselves in homework
She sobbed, hiding/burying/covering her face in her hands.
burying his head in his arms
with his head buried in his arms
his head buried in his arms
考点4　 effort n. 努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
　　make an effort/efforts/every effort to do sth 努力做某事
put effort into (doing) sth 投入精力(做)某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
be well worth the effort 值得努力
with effort 费劲地
without effort 轻松地
in an effort to do ... 为了做……
　　effortless charm天生的魅力
1.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts _______ (build) a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
2．In an effort ________ (save) money, she started making her own meals instead of eating out every day.
3．然而，他不遗余力地追赶着其他人，丝毫没有放弃的迹象。(写作佳句)
However, ______________________________________， showing no sign of giving up.
4．我们可以通过经常跑步和保持均衡饮食，努力保持身体健康。(写作佳句)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
to build
to save
he spared no effort to catch up with the others
We can put effort into maintaining our fitness by running regularly and keeping a balanced diet.
【译林版必修第三册写作佳句】
After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们才松了一口气，笑啊，哭啊，互相拥抱着。
考点5　 strike vi.& vt.(struck, struck/
stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲响，报时　vt. 给……印象；突然想到　n. 罢工；罢课；袭击
　　be struck by/with ... 被……击中；被……打动
It strikes/hits sb that ... ＝It occurs to sb that 某人突然想起……
strike ... into one's heart使某人感到……
What strikes sb most is (that) ... 给某人印象最深的是……
strike a balance 两者兼顾；达到平衡
　　be/go on strike 在/举行罢工
1.The moment of our departure finally arrived as ____________________ (钟敲响11点)．
2．在整个活动过程中，我被世界上种类繁多、令人惊叹的植物所震撼，并了解到了用于医疗的植物，以及为动物提供食物和庇护的植物。(写作佳句)
Throughout the event, __________________________________________ that exist in our world and learned about plants that are used for medical purposes, as well as those that provide food and shelter for animals.
the clock struck 11
I was struck by the incredible variety of plants
3．我突然意识到，与另一支队伍比赛是一个很好的学习机会。
___________________________ playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
＝____________________ playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
＝____________________________ playing against the other team is a great learning opportunity.
It struck me all of a sudden that
It suddenly hit me that
It suddenly occurred to me that
考点6　 effect n. 影响；结果；效果
have an effect/influence/impact on/upon ... 对……有影响
come into effect＝take effect 生效；起作用
in effect 有效，生效；实际上，事实上
be of no effect 无效果的
side effect 副作用
greenhouse effect 温室效应
cause and effect 因果关系
1.(2023·全国甲卷)Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly __________ (effect) at getting grizzlies away.
2．The medication I'm taking is supposed to _______________________________ (一小时内生效), and I should start feeling better soon.
3．通过实践，我发现烹饪不仅提高了我的烹饪技巧，还对我产生了镇静的效果。(写作佳句)
Through my practice, I found that cooking not only improved my culinary skills, ________________________________.
4．温室效应导致地球温度上升，导致气候变化和全球变暖。
______________________________________________________， leading to climate change and global warming.
effective
come into/take effect within an hour
but also had a calming effect on me
The greenhouse effect is causing the Earth's temperature to rise
考点7　 as if引导虚拟语气
　　as if/though＋陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
　　as if/though＋虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
虚拟现在：did(be动词用were)
虚拟过去：had done
虚拟将来：would/might/could＋do
1.They moved and jumped fast and smoothly across every obstacle as if they ________ (be) flying.
2．眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(写作佳句)
Tears swirling in his eyes, David raised his head, looked at me __________________________， but lowered his head once again.

3．她英语说得如此流利，好像她是母语者似的。
____________________________________________________________________
were
as if he would say something
She speaks English so fluently as if she were a native speaker.
考点8　 be doing ... when ... 正在做……这时(突然)……
　　when用作并列连词，意为“这时(突然)”。
　　when表示“这时(突然)”之意，还用于以下三种句型：
be about to do ... when ... 正要做……这时(突然)……
be on the point/verge/edge of doing ... when ... 正要做……这时(突然)……
had (just) done ... when ... 刚做完……这时(突然)……
1.We ____________ (reach) the village when it began to rain.
2．I was about __________ (answer) the question when a stranger entered the classroom.
3．我在网上搜索相关信息时，手机响了。
I was searching the Internet for the relevant information _____________________．
4．我正在玩电脑游戏，这时突然我的电脑崩溃了。
I ___________________________________________________ when my computer broke down.
had reached
to answer
when my cellphone rang
was on the point/verge/edge of playing computer games
【外研版必修第三册写作佳句】
Looking through my newspaper, I'm shocked by photos showing that a typhoon in Asia has destroyed a town.
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
强化训练
一、单句语法填空
1．He was deeply affected ________ the sudden death of his best friend, and he struggled to cope with the loss for weeks.
2．However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an __________ (effort) feeling.
3．Struck ________ what he had done for me, I couldn't contain myself, tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.
4．With his face buried ________ his hands, he tried to control his weeping.
5．The local clubs are making every effort _________ (interest) more young people.
by
effortless
by
in
to interest
6．Breathing a sigh of relief, she saw the ________ (shock) looks of others and knew she had made it.
7．The lecture, scheduled from 3：00 to 5：00 on the afternoon of this Friday, __________________ (deliver) by a renowned astronaut in our lecture hall.
8．After the heavy rainstorm, a flood ________ water entered the basement, causing significant damage.
9．We decided to collect as many school ________ (supply) as possible, and make them into kits—one kit, one child.
10．The law aimed at reducing plastic waste will come ________ effect next year, forcing businesses to make changes.
shocked
will be delivered
of
supplies
into
二、熟词生义
1．The thief slid into the room.____________
2．The desire for success powers him to work tirelessly, pushing him to overcome obstacles and achieve his goals. ____________
3．He accidentally trapped his hand in the machine and needed to be rescued by firefighters.____________
4．She tapped him on the shoulder to get his attention, motioning for him to follow her. ____________
5．His health began to suffer as he took on more and more work, leading to frequent illnesses.____________
悄悄溜进
驱动
困住
轻拍
变差
词缀 含义 例词
con ________；表示_______；圆锥体；_____________ ________, contact, connect, control, confuse continue, confirm, concern, confident
三、构词法
共同
强调
与……一起
context
写出下列黑体词的含义
1．She received a call from the employer to confirm her job offer.____________
2．She lost all contact with her family when she moved to a foreign country. _____
3．You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.____________
4．The environmental issue is a major concern for many people around the world.____________
5．The towns are connected by train and bus services. ____________
6．The similar sounding names often confuse the students when they are taking notes.____________
确认
联系
上下文
关心
连接
迷惑
四、补全句子
1．当得知这位深受爱戴的老师突然去世时，整个社区都陷入了震惊之中。
________________________________ when they learned about the sudden death of the beloved teacher.
2．李白一生创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了深远的影响。(effect)
During his lifetime, Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, __________ ______________________________________________.
3．他们对待宠物，就像对待人类小孩一样。
They treat their pets ____________________________．
The entire community was in shock
which had a profound effect on Chinese culture
as if they were human children
4．她正在对此疑惑，这时爸爸出现了，告诉妻子这对双胞胎为了给她一个惊喜是如何做准备的。(be doing ... when ... )
__________________________________________________， telling his wife about how the twins had made preparations to give her a great surprise.
5．她埋头于阅读，试图暂时忘记自己的烦恼。
__________________________， trying to forget about her worries for a while.
6．当他走过自己儿时居住的地方时，满脑子都是童年的回忆。
_________________________________________ as he walked through his old neighborhood.
She was wondering about it when the father turned up
She buried herself in reading
He was flooded with memories of his childhood
五、长难句分析
　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in.
句意：考虑到人工智能改变我们生活的惊人潜力，我们都需要采取行动来应对人工智能驱动的未来，这就是《人工智能设计：人工智能生活计划》的由来。
分析：句子主干是_________________________________________。Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives是介词短语作__________；and连接______________；where引导________从句。
we all need to take action and this is where ...
原因状语
两个并列主句
表语
读写用—素养提升
一、加强语言运用——明晰考向　以阅读促运用
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend __41__ a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running __42__， but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was __43__ for a “super，” referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I __44__ it! Between the girl making my __45__ seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only __46__ I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I __47__ cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I __48__ of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I __49__ her bike and went for a ride. The __50__： The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I'd never faced such __51__. That day, I got __52__ by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as __53__.
I've __54__ a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever __55__ I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者受到他人成就的刺激和激励，盲目跟风，尝试跑步和骑自行车，最终意识到无论为自己设定什么目标，都必须切实可行并适合自己。
41．A.knew B．held
C．won D．Quit
42．A.regularly B．silently
C．proudly D．recently
解析：根据文章首句“I've been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks' achievements all my life.”可知，作者会因为别人的成就而受到激励。由此可推知，此处是指一个社区的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛，作者因此受到了激励。故选C。
解析：结合语境和常识可知，作者受到了激励，因此应是开始定期跑步。故选A。
43．A.asking B．looking
C．waiting D．Training
44．A.made B．believed
C．hated D．deserved
解析：根据下文“referring to a 52.4 mile double marathon”可知，作者遇到的那个女孩要参加一场52.4英里的马拉松比赛，因此她那时正在为之训练。故选D。
解析：根据下文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，作者认为慢跑无比无聊，因此其实作者本身没有跑步的意愿，所以此处是指作者讨厌跑步。故选C。
45．A.advantage B．achievement
C．contribution D．Influence
46．A.way B．risk
C．place D．reason
解析：作者遇到的女孩为52.4英里的马拉松比赛训练，而作者在跑15英里的距离，因此对比之下在那个女孩面前作者跑步的成就显得非常渺小。故选B。
解析：根据上文“the pure boredom of jogging”可知，跑步对作者而言是令人讨厌的、无聊的，因此作者放弃了跑步，决定以后能让自己再次跑步的唯一原因是后面有大狗在追赶。故选D。
47．A.gave up B．went on
C．turned to D．dealt with
48．A.heard B．dreamed
C．complained D．approved
解析：根据下文“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者买了一辆好的自行车，并骑了很多次，因此作者放弃跑步后把自己的目标转向了骑自行车。故选C。
解析：根据上文描述的作者的经历和下文作者放弃了骑行可知，此处表示在骑行方面，作者一开始梦想着参加骑行比赛，直到飞往圣迭戈拜访姐姐。故选B。
49．A.painted B．borrowed
C．bought D．Parked
50．A.problem B．secret
C．principle D．advice
解析：根据上文“I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day”和下文“went for a ride”可知，作者去圣迭戈找姐姐，一天姐姐在上班，作者去骑行了，因此此处指作者向姐姐借了自行车。故选B。
解析：根据下文“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，那里的道路穿过宽阔的山谷，在那里作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，所以此处指作者遇到的问题。故选A。
51．A.dangers B．events
C．opponents D．Challenges
52．A.passed B．convinced
C．admired D．stopped
解析：作者要一次骑好几英里的上坡路，结合常识和下文作者放弃骑自行车可知，此处指作者从来没有遇到过这种挑战。故选D。
解析：根据上文内容和下文“by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知，作者被熟悉这种路的当地骑行者超过。故选A。
53．A.reliable B．convenient
C．familiar D．Appealing
54．A.traveled B．matured
C．missed D．worried
解析：结合上文可知，作者在骑行途中遇到了挑战，又被大约百人超过，作者受挫了，因此骑行对作者来说就没有那么有吸引力了。故选D。
解析：结合文章最后一句“I've come to accept ... be my own.”可知，经过跑步和骑行这两件事情，作者已经逐渐相信目标应是为自己而设的，由此可知，作者成长了。故选B。
55．A.limits
B．dates
C．goals
D．tests
解析：综合全文可知，在跑步和骑行这两件事情上，作者均受到了他人成就的影响，但结果都失败了，所以作者逐渐相信不管为自己设定什么目标，这些目标必须是自己的(不与别人比较)。故选C。
精读首句以把握主题
1．完形填空的首句是理解全文的关键。它们经常提供重要的背景信息或引出主题，对解题有重要指导意义。
2．仔细阅读文章首句，可以确定文章基调，预测可能涉及的语境，从而在填空时做出更合理的选择。
二、读后续写——必备微技能
高品素材　情绪描写——欣慰、如释重负
欣慰翻涌 a feeling/sense/mixture of relief washed/flooded over/welled up inside/surged through sb
令人欣慰的是 to one's relief
欣慰地看到/知道/听见…… be relieved to see/know/hear ...
满是欣慰 one's heart was filled/overwhelmed with relief and warmth
如释重负 a huge burden/load was lifted off/from one's shoulders
涌出欣慰的泪水 tears well up from a sense of gratification
松了一口气 let out a sigh of relief; sigh with relief; gasp with relief
知道……后思想上释然(石头落地) It's a huge weight/burden/load off one's mind to know that ...
卸下重担 the weight of the world/a heavy burden was lifted
高效课时作业
Ⅰ.阅读
A
(2025·江苏省扬州市高邮市高三月考)
Kobe Earthquake Memorial Museum
History
Kobe Earthquake Memorial Museum is devoted to the events and aftermath of the Kobe Earthquake, a magnitude (震级) 7.3 earthquake that occurred at 5：46 am on January 17, 1995. Over 6，000 people lost their lives with the majority of them in Kobe, just to the north of Awaji Island. The earthquake was Japan's worst earthquake of the 20th century after the Great Kanto Earthquake in 1923. Over 400，000 buildings were damaged and a number of railway bridges collapsed.
Exhibits
Visitors are advised to begin their tour on the fourth floor with a 7 minute video. Then a further 15 minute video “Living with This City” tells the story of the events after the earthquake and the relief efforts to restore shelter, power, water and food supplies to the people of Kobe.
The third floor contains a wall panel with the recollections of survivors, in particular young children who lived through the event. There are a number of interactive exhibits to inform and educate visitors about the event including a video of survivors relating their own experiences.
The second floor has exhibits and workshops on disaster management. The East Building also shows a documentary on the Kobe Earthquake twice an hour.
Admission
600 yen per adult; 450 yen per university student; 300 yen per high schooler; junior high schoolers and below are free.
Hours
9：30 am－5：30 pm (Monday－Friday)；
9：30 am－7：00 pm (Saturday & Sunday)
篇章导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了神户地震纪念馆的相关信息，包括其历史、展出内容、费用以及开放时间。
1．What can visitors do in the museum
A．Understand the history of all the earthquakes.
B．Watch the 7 minute video “Living with This City”．
C．Experience some mutually engaged exhibits.
D．Learn about disaster management on the third floor.
解析：细节理解题。根据Exhibits部分第二段中的“There are a number of ... their own experiences.”可知，游客在博物馆里可以体验一些互动展览。故选C。
2．How much should a high schooler and his parents pay if they visit the museum
A．900 yen.
B．1，200 yen.
C．1，500 yen.
D．1，650 yen.
解析：细节理解题。根据Admission部分中的“600 yen per adult ... 300 yen per high schooler”可知，一个高中生和他的父母参观博物馆应该花：600*2＋300＝1，500日元。故选C。
3．Where is the text most probably taken from
A．A travel guide to a museum.
B．A description of a museum.
C．An essay on the earthquake.
D．An introduction to the earthquake.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了神户地震纪念馆的相关信息，包括其历史、展出内容、费用以及开放时间。由此可推知，文章可能选自博物馆旅游指南。故选A。
B
(2025·内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟高三期中)Artificial intelligence (AI) is showing promise in earthquake prediction, challenging the long held belief that it is impossible. Researchers at the University of Texas, Austin, have developed an AI algorithm (算法) that correctly predicted 70% of earthquakes a week in advance during a trial in China and provided accurate strength calculations for the predicted earthquakes.
The research team believes their method succeeded because they stuck with a relatively simple machine learning approach. The AI was provided with a set of statistical features based on the team's knowledge of earthquake physics, and then instructed to train itself using a five year database of earthquake recordings. Once trained, the AI provided its prediction by listening for signs of incoming earthquakes within the background rumblings (隆隆声) in the Earth.
This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI driven earthquake prediction. “You don't see earthquakes coming，” explains Alexandros Savvaidis, a senior research scientist who leads the Texas Seismological Network Program (Tex Net). “It's a matter of milliseconds, and the only thing you can control is how prepared you are. Even with the 70% accuracy, that's a huge result and could help minimize economic and human losses and has the potential to remarkably improve earthquake preparation worldwide.”
While it is unknown whether the same approach will work at other locations, the researchers are confident that their AI algorithm could produce more accurate predictions if used in areas with reliable earthquake tracking networks. The next step is to test artificial intelligence in Texas, since UT's Bureau Tex Net has 300 earthquake stations and over six years worth of continuous records, making it an ideal location for these purposes.
Eventually, the authors hope to combine the system with physics based models. This strategy could prove especially important where data is poor or lacking. “That may be a long way off, but many advances such as this one, taken together, are what moves science forward，” concludes Scott Tinker, the bureau's director.
篇章导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了利用人工智能预测地震的新方法，该方法在试验中展现出较高的准确性，为地震预测领域带来了希望。
4．How does the AI forecast earthquakes
A．By identifying data from the satellites.
B．By analyzing background sounds in the Earth.
C．By modeling data based on earthquake recordings.
D．By monitoring changes in the Earth's magnetic field.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Once trained ... in the Earth.”可知，人工智能通过分析地球上的背景隆隆声来预测地震。故选B。
5．What does Alexandros Savvaidis intend to show in Paragraph 3
A．The ways to reduce losses in earthquakes.
B．The importance of preparing for earthquakes.
C．The significance of developing the AI prediction.
D．The limitation of AI algorithms in earthquake prediction.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI driven earthquake prediction.”以及“It's a matter of ... improve earthquake preparation worldwide.”可推知，本段中，Alexandros Savvaidis (亚历山德罗斯·萨维迪斯)打算展示的是发展人工智能预测地震的意义。故选C。
6．What does the follow up research focus on
A．Conducting tests in different locations.
B．Applying the AI approach to other fields.
C．Building more earthquake stations in Texas.
D．Enlarging the database to train the calculation accuracy.
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The next step is to test ... for these purposes.(下一步是在得克萨斯州测试人工智能，因为得克萨斯大学的Bureau Tex Net拥有300个地震台站和六年多的连续记录，使其成为实现这些目的的理想地点。)”可知，后续研究的重点是在得克萨斯州的不同地点测试人工智能。故选A。
7．Which words can best describe the earthquake predicting technology
A．Stable but outdated.
B．Effective but costly.
C．Potential and economical.
D．Pioneering and promising.
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“This work is clearly a milestone in research for AI driven earthquake prediction.”以及第四段中的“While it is unknown ... earthquake tracking networks.”可知，这项工作是一个里程碑，人工智能算法可以产生更准确的预测，由此可推知，地震预测技术是开拓性的，并且发展前景是充满希望的。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2025·辽宁省葫芦岛市连山区东北师范大学连山实验高中高三月考)For outdoor enthusiasts, it is crucial to be prepared for any sort of natural disaster in the open air. __1__ It includes what kinds of disasters may strike, and what resources should be taken on your trip.
__2__ Desert areas are more likely to be affected by droughts; coastal regions are more likely to see hurricanes; mountainous areas are likely to avalanches (雪崩) in winter and landslides in summer. Therefore, always do some research ahead of time to help you find right survival strategies in different conditions.
While you're planning, the essential thing to consider is the things you should pack for your trip. Any disaster that may separate you from civilization for a period of time will require you to provide your own food, water, and shelter for at least a few days. __3__ For disasters that may wet your equipment, flameless light sources are a must. What you bring with you should be suited to the disaster you might encounter.
Once you complete your survival plan, it's better to review it periodically. When a natural disaster strikes, you probably won't have time to go over a document or go online to seek advice. __4__
If a natural disaster strikes while you are in the wilderness, you should put your survival plan into effect immediately. __5__ Then contact others for help. Do not wait around to see if the disaster is really that serious, do not panic, and do not easily abandon your plan.
A．But this is not always the case.
B．It's also a good idea to bring light sources.
C．That means having a disaster response plan.
D．It's also great to consult with the specialists in person.
E．Consequently, revising it frequently is strongly recommended.
F．Different kinds of disasters are likely to occur in different areas.
G．Stay calm, act decisively, and begin working to keep yourself alive.
篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就在自然灾害到来之前制定生存计划提出一些建议。
1．答案：C
2．答案：F
解析：根据上文“For outdoor enthusiasts ... in the open air.(对于户外运动爱好者来说，在户外为任何自然灾害做好准备是至关重要的。)”可知，设空处应承接上文，针对上文提到的自然灾害做好灾难应对计划。C项(这意味着要有一个灾难应对计划。)符合语境。故选C。
解析：设空处为本段主题句。根据下文“Desert areas are more likely ... landslides in summer.”可知，本段主要讲述了不同地区会发生不同的灾害。F项(不同的地区可能发生不同种类的灾害。)概括本段内容。故选F。
3．答案：B
4．答案：E
解析：根据上文“Any disaster that may ... at least a few days.(任何可能将你与舒适的生活环境隔离一段时间的灾难将要求你提供你自己的食物、水和至少几天的避难所。)”可知，设空处应承接上文，提出需要准备的东西。B项(带光源也是个好主意。)符合语境。故选B。
解析：根据上文“Once you complete ... to seek advice.(一旦你完成了生存计划，最好定期回顾一下。当自然灾害来袭时，你可能没有时间浏览文件或上网寻求建议。)”可知，E项(因此，强烈建议经常复习它。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选E。
5．答案：G
解析：根据上文“If a natural disaster ... into effect immediately.(当你在野外时，如果自然灾害来袭，你应该立即实施你的生存计划。)”可知，设空处应承接上文，说明要采取果断行动。G项(保持冷静，果断行动，开始努力让自己活下去。)符合语境。故选G。

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