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【素养测评】高二下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷-全国乙卷（二）
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁：考试结束后，将试卷和符题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共20道小题，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1．What is the hard thing to run a school garden according to the speaker
A．Raising money. B．Finding creative ways. C．Seeking support from parents.
2．Who manages the elementary school's large garden
A．Ron Finley. B．Susan Hobart. C．Toby Adams.
3．What does Toby Adams say about school gardening
A．It helps students learn various subjects.
B．It offers teachers a different experience.
C．It helps calm students.
4．What is the purpose of Ron Finley Project
A．To make extra money.
B．To promote a relaxing hobby.
C．To change the culture around food.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
5．What is the weather like today
A．Rainy. B．Snowy. C．Sunny.
6．When should the listeners get up tomorrow
A．At 5: 30. B．At 6: 00. C．At 6: 30.
7．What does the speaker advise the listeners NOT to take
A．Whistles. B．Maps. C．Cameras.
8．What are the listeners going to do most probably
A．Go surfing. B．Go hiking. C．Go boating.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
9．What is the man
A．A doctor. B．A host. C．A teacher.
10．Who used to be a doctor
A．Cassie’s friend B．Cassie’s mother. C．Cassie’s friend’s mother.
11．How long did it take Cassie to become a qualified doctor
A．One year. B．Four years. C．Five years.
12．What does Cassie say about her job
A．She gets bored with it.
B．She enjoys it in general.
C．She always works overtime.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
13．How did the speaker feel when waking up
A．Excited. B．Worried. C．Disappointed.
14．When did the headmaster give the speech
A．At 9:10 am. B．At 8:30 am. C．At 8:00 am.
15．What happened to a swimmer in the 100-meter freestyle
A．She forgot her mark. B．She had a pain in her leg. C．She dived into the pool too early.
16．How many points did the speaker’s team get
A．47. B．53. C．100.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17．What are the speakers talking about
A．How to go to Georgia. B．How to go to the airport. C．How to go to the countryside.
18．What does the man think of taking a flight
A．Interesting. B．Expensive. C．Convenient.
19．Why does the woman disagree to take a bus
A．She thinks it’s dangerous.
B．She thinks it’s tiring.
C．She thinks it’s uncomfortable.
20．How will the speakers probably go to their destination
A．By car. B．By plane. C．By train.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Volunteer Abroad ProgramsChildcare Volunteer Program (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Volunteer hours: 2-3 hours per day
Age: volunteers aged 16+
Duration: ten days
This program is ideal for volunteers with plenty of enthusiasm for working with children and who are comfortable in a kitchen. As a volunteer, you’ll play a dynamic and meaningful role by preparing and serving food, organizing games, engaging in conversations and playing with the children and teenagers.Teaching Volunteer Program (Rosario, Argentina)
Volunteer hours: 4 hours per day
Age: volunteers aged 15+
Duration: nine days
This program is ideal for volunteers who enjoy working with children, or want to help a community through education at a grass-roots level. No previous experience is required as you’ll be working alongside qualified local teachers. Volunteering as a teacher involves supporting local teachers, offering tutoring sessions to students, and assisting with various classroom tasks.Animal Care Volunteer Program (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)
Volunteer hours: up to 6 hours per day
Age: volunteers aged 10+
Duration: one week
This program is ideal for volunteers who care about animals. Volunteer tasks may vary but typically involve feeding and entertaining animals, keeping their living spaces clean, and guiding visitors. Volunteers under the age of 15 must be accompanied by a guardian.Healthcare and Medical Volunteer Program (Lovina, Bali)
Volunteer hours: 3-5 hours per day
Age: volunteers aged 18+
Duration: two weeks
This program is ideal for medical or nursing students at any level through to qualified professionals. Students cannot independently treat patients, so they will primarily observe and aid local staff with routine tasks such as assisting with check-ups and basic medical procedures, recording patient information, and helping where needed around the clinic.
21．What do the first two programs have in common
A．They are located in the same city. B．They have the same duration and fee.
C．They need volunteers with previous experience. D．They involve working with children in Argentina.
22．Which program has the longest working hours per day
A．Childcare Volunteer Program. B．Teaching Volunteer Program.
C．Animal Care Volunteer Program. D．Healthcare and Medical Volunteer Program.
23．Who is Healthcare and Medical Volunteer Program intended for
A．A cook who loves playing with children.
B．An English translator who loves cute animals.
C．A high school boy whose dream is to be a teacher.
D．A student whose major is traditional Chinese medicine.
B
NASA’s first humanoid robot, Valkyrie, is going through a few of its final testing stages at NASA’s Johnson Space Center(JSC) in Houston, Texas. The humanoid robot, much like Iron Man but constructed from metal and electronics, copies human walking and appearance. NASA is exploring if such machines can further space exploration, starting with the Artemis mission, according to Reuters.
Standing at 6 feet 2 inches(188 centimeters) and weighing 300 pounds(136 kilograms), Valkyrie is an electric humanoid robot capable of operating in degraded or damaged human-engineered environments, like areas hit by natural disasters.
JSC designed and constructed NASA’s Valkyrie specifically for participation in the 2013 DARPA Robotics Challenge Trials. Drawing on the knowledge gained from the creation of Robonaut 2, the Valkyrie team at JSC created this robot in fifteen months. They integrated enhanced electronics, actuators and sensing capabilities based on the advancements made in earlier generations of humanoid robots at JSC．
In July, the humanoid robot went through testing in Australia to assess its software, generating valuable data and feedback for NASA．These tests aimed to advance remote mobile dexterous manipulation(灵活操控) capabilities to enable the remote maintenance of unmanned and offshore energy facilities.
NASA has cooperated with robotics firms, including Apptronik based in Austin, Texas, to explore the insights gained from humanoid robots designed for Earthly applications. This cooperation aims to learn how humanoid robots developed for purposes on Earth could help the development of future humanoid robots meant for space.
Humanoid robots to be arranged in space hold the potential to perform dangerous tasks such as cleaning solar panels or inspecting malfunctioning equipment outside spacecraft. This capability allows astronauts to prioritize exploration and discovery without putting their safety at risk. “We’re not trying to replace human crews; we’re just trying to take the dull, dirty and dangerous work off their plates to allow them to focus on those higher-level activities,” told Shaun Azimi, NASA Dexterous Robotics Team Leader, to Reuters.
24．What do we know about Valkyrie
A．It is able to walk like a human being. B．It was created within five months.
C．It has passed the final tests successfully. D．It looks very different from Iron Man.
25．Why does the author mention "natural disasters" in paragraph 2
A．To predict sales of robots in disaster-hit areas.
B．To explain the cause of extreme weather events.
C．To show the robot Valkyrie’s working environments.
D．To stress the impact of environmental change on humans.
26．What can be inferred about Valkyrie from Shaun Azimi’s words
A．It has disadvantages in comparison to humans.
B．It could easily break the plates used by humans.
C．It may be a good helper for astronauts in the future.
D．It will replace humans to finish higher-level activities.
27．What is the best title for the text
A．A Wide Range of Applications of Robots
B．Robot Valkyrie Will Be Tested in Australia
C．The History and Future Development of Robots
D．NASA Aims to Put Human-like Robots in Space
C
As she spoke, Zhang Yue put her hands behind her back to hide that they were shaking. She couldn’t, however, hide the line of sweat running down her forehead, which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio, but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her. They stared back, their blank faces giving no clue as to what they would say next. Feeling dizzy, Zhang Yue took a deep breath as she struggled to finish her presentation, “And that is why I need your help in turning my new and exciting business into a successful one.”
Now chairwoman of her own company, Zhang Yue is fond of saying, “The early bird catches the worm.” The place where this happens is a valley, a world away from any television studio. Moving carefully through the darkness, she passes row upon row of rose plants. In an hour, these fields will be full of people, working quickly to pick the flowers before sunrise. “It has to be done then,” says Zhang. “These flowers are delicate.”
Zhang never thought that this was something she would end up doing. Surrounded by roses as she was growing up, she paid them little attention. It was only after graduating from university overseas and returning to visit her parents that Zhang realised the potential. “Condition s are ideal here,” she says. “This is a place where roses grow wild. I also wanted to give something back to my home town.”
She is not the only young person to have been bitten by the start-up bug. All over the world, an increasing number of enterprising young people are thinking of starting their own businesses, as the growing economy creates more opportunities. Like Zhang, they present their ideas in the hope of getting investment and advice, and they have the same passion and devotion.
“I love running my own business, but it’s not for everyone,” says Zhang. “To succeed in business, you need more than a good idea, hard work and determination. What really matters is a sound business plan, access to capital, and good management and negotiating skills. Most of all, don’t be too ambitious. You should know your own limits and those of the people you work with. For young people who have little life experience, that can be a challenge.”
28．From the first paragraph, we know that ______.
A．Zhang Yue was not a confident business woman
B．Zhang Yue was happy to meet her partners
C．Zhang Yue was nervous during her presentation
D．Zhang Yue needed to be recognized by others
29．What does the sentence “She... bitten by the start-up bug.” mean
A．She was once bitten by a bug.
B．She needs other people to help her.
C．She is not the only person to be bitten by a bug.
D．Many young people share her passion for entrepreneurship.
30．Which words can best describe Zhang Yue
A．Potential and doubtful. B．Passionate and devoted.
C．Intelligent and experienced. D．Realistic and pessimistic.
31．What’s the main idea of the text
A．Zhang Yue’s business and suggestions for young people.
B．The reason why Zhang Yue chose to be a farmer.
C．How to start your own businesses.
D．The introduction to Zhang Yue’s home town.
D
Plants have been important to humans since ancient times. They give us food, clothes and shelter. Their beauty brings us happiness, and many plants can also cure us. Recently, scientists found a plant that can better clean polluted air.
Scientists at a research institution in the UK studied how well plants can capture (捕获) pollution from cars. Car exhaust fumes (汽车尾气), as well as tire and brake particles, cause many health problems. Since previous research has shown that trees help remove air pollution, researchers decided to test three types of plants: hawthorn, western red cedar, and franchet’s cotoneaster (西南枸子).
Researchers found that franchet’s cotoneaster was the best at capturing pollution. This is because of its hairy and complex leaf structure. They also discovered that thick barriers over six feet high were the best at reducing pollution. In areas with heavy traffic, franchet’s cotoneaster absorbed 20% more pollution than the other plants.
A co-author of the study said, “We know that in just seven days, a 1-meter length of well-managed thick barrier will capture the same amount of pollution that a car emits (排放) over a 500-mile drive.” The researchers recommend planting franchet’s cotoneaster along busy roads.
This is great news for city planners, landscapers, and gardeners. Originally from China, franchet’s cotoneaster is a hardy evergreen that can survive temperatures as low as -23℃. It grows well in the UK and can also grow well in places like California, the Pacific Northwest, British Columbia, and around the Great Lakes.
Thanks to this study, franchet’s cotoneaster has shown to be very useful. It allows gardeners and landscapers to help the environment. When these super plants are grown in urban gardens, on streets, and along highways, they will clean the air and add beauty to the surroundings.
32．Which aspect of plants is mainly mentioned in paragraph 1
A．Varieties of plants. B．Living environment.
C．Benefits of plants. D．Medical properties.
33．Why is franchet’s cotoneaster effective in capturing pollution
A．It requires less water.
B．It is taller than other plants.
C．It grows faster than other plants.
D．It has hair y and complex leaf structures.
34．What can we infer about franchet’s cotoneaster from paragraph 5
A．They will be planted less by gardeners.
B．They will be imported more from China.
C．They can adjust to the cold temperature.
D．They should be planted in correct places.
35．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A．To highlight the environmental benefits of franchet’s cotoneaster.
B．To describe the appearance of franchet’s cotoneaster.
C．To compare franchet’s cotoneaster with other plants.
D．To explain how to plant franchet’s cotoneaster.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Outdoor play is beneficial to children beyond the physical activities it provides. It helps them socialize, understand their bodies better and enjoy the outdoors. 36 While this is a lot of time to a daily schedule, the activities will contribute to the physical and emotional health of children.
37 There is scientific evidence that playing outside improves health, and children of all ages loving it. The more time children spend in nature, the more likely they are to grow up to be good stewards of our planet. Sunny days not only make outdoor play more enjoyable for children but also contribute to their overall physical and mental well-being.
Nowadays, the amount of time children spend engaging with a device is a key reason why outdoor time should be a scheduled activity. Scheduling time to actively play outdoors sets a natural limit on the amount of time children can spend on a device. It can reduce the risks of a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle. 38
Knowing why outdoor activities are important to children’s development is the first step to prioritizing (优先考虑) them in children’s schedule. 39 To find ideas for places you might go, visit your local parks and entertainment websites or ask people who are fond of outdoor activities.
If you can’t go far or travel isn’t an option, there are still many ways to get outside close to home. 40 Simple activities like riding a bike, jumping rope, or having a picnic can be lots of fun and get you moving.
A．Playing outside and exploring nature is for all ages!
B．Knowing where to go is another step in the right direction.
C．Besides, it can promote active engagement with their friends.
D．But we don’t necessarily need to travel too far to enjoy nature.
E．School-aged children need about three hours of outdoor play each day.
F．Sunny days provide perfect opportunities to enjoy the joys of outdoor play.
G．You can play in your backyard, or just take a walk around your neighborhood.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B，C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A friend of mine called me at 2 am. I usually worked through the 41 , so I was awake. She was 42 some problems and wanted to talk to me about them.
I was 43 with work, under a lot of pressure. 44 my work, I also had a lot on my mind. But I 45 to stop what I was doing, put it all 46 and talked to her. It did the trick because we managed to find some kind of clarity to the 47 after the conversation.
I felt happy. I know that sometimes what 48 is not really what you talk about or whether you have found a(n) 49 solution to the problem. What really counts is knowing that when you are going through a（n） 50 time, you have a shoulder to lean on. Just knowing that somebody 51 enough to give you time, support and 52 , without any judgment, is enough to 53 much of the weight that you are carrying.
I've ever been in situations where I've had to 54 through things by myself, with no support at all. Living like this makes you very 55 . But it also makes you cynical, and leaves you feeling like you can only depend on yourself.
I have had 56 from people at times, totally 57 when I have really needed it. And I realise what a(n) 58 it can make, having someone to talk to.
I really hope that I was able to give my friend support. Even though we did not 59 the problem, I hope that I was able to 60 her of some of the weight that she was carrying.
41．A．day B．night C．year D．dusk
42．A．going through B．backing up C．lining in with D．making up for
43．A．equipped B．contrasted C．provided D．overloaded
44．A．Given B．Including C．Besides D．Without
45．A．regretted B．decided C．hesitated D．dedicated
46．A．on hold B．out of control C．at hand D．within reach
47．A．program B．situation C．life D．fortune
48．A．takes B．determines C．understands D．matters
49．A．clear B．fancy C．severe. D．equal
50．A．additional B．fortunate C．tough D．great
51．A．gets B．leaves C．lets D．cares
52．A．criticism B．profit C．presentation D．encouragement
53．A．stress B．complain C．remove D．remember
54．A．see B．put C．struggle D．depart
55．A．independent B．discouraging C．admirable D．reliable
56．A．result B．advocate C．ignorance D．support
57．A．privately B．unexpectedly C．roughly D．unfairly
58．A．proposal B．similarity C．difference D．acknowledgement
59．A．solve B．benefit C．rule D．keep
60．A．inform B．relieve C．convince D．remind
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jiangxi Province has taken many measures to protect finless porpoises (江豚), 61 have faced dramatic changes in their living environment as Poyang Lake, China’s largest freshwater lake, suffered a severe drought.
The species, 62 (list) as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, now lives only along the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The number of finless porpoises 63 (drop) significantly in the past few years, with only 457 64 (live) in Poyang Lake.
As the water level dropped to less than 12 meters, the lake officially entered this year’s dry season on August 6, 65 (early) than at any time since records began in 1951. Severe drought has reduced the lake by 75 percent. This change will 66 (undoubted) increase the risk of the finless porpoises hitting boats and also result 67 a food shortage for the porpoises.
Wang Liang, who works for the provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jiangxi, said the province has released 68 total of 200 million fish, shrimps (虾) and crabs into the waters 69 (enrich) the food supply and more than 2,000 70 (volunteer) have been trained to rescue the species.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（ ），并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
Many students are unwilling to do housework at home, say that they are too busy studying. However, in my opinion, students should spent some time helping with housework. Here are some reason. If we left all the housework to our parents, it will make them very much tired. For our part, being independent is really benefit. As a matter fact, the earlier we learn to be independent, the better our future will be. Doing housework can help us to learn to look after us. Now we are no long small children, but we ought to help with housework to reduce our parents’ burdens.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
72．阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Nicole Moore was walking around in waist﹣deep water at a beach in Cancún, Mexico. It was the last day of January 2011, and the 39-year-old nurse was vacationing with friends from her exercise group from Orangeville, Ontario, a small town north of Toronto.
But at that moment, she was alone. She’d just finished playing beach volleyball, and while the other guests headed back up to the hotel for lunch, she enjoyed the warm water and splashed the sand from her body, the result of some dramatic volleyball saves. She didn’t realize it, but this simple action was creating a disturbance in the sea.
Nicole looked up and glimpsed two people on Jet Skis waving at her and yelling in Spanish. She waved back and laughed, thinking they were having fun.
What she didn’t know was that they were calling for her to get out of the water. They’d seen two bull sharks, and they were trying to warn her while attempting to scare the sharks back into the deep. One shark did leave, but the other proved more persistent. Instead of turning out to the boundless ocean, it veered in toward the shore.
The Jet Skiers yelled once again to Nicole. Only then did she realize something was wrong.
Nicole pivoted toward the beach and began to wade in. She felt a bump. What was that Before she could react, the shark ripped into her left thigh, its barbed teeth tearing into her flesh, down to the bone. The shark yanked away more than a foot of skin and muscle from Nicole’s leg. The water was instantly ablaze with billowing, bright red blood.
Though Nicole felt no pain, she knew how much trouble she was in. She needed to get out of the water. But the shark had destroyed her left leg, leaving it useless. She started using her arms to propel herself to the shore, struggling to move forward in the water.
As she did so, the shark circled her, and then lunged, clenching her left arm in its jaws. “No!” she screamed.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
The shark had her entire arm locked in its mouth, and it started to pull her underwater.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One of the Jet Skiers accelerated toward Nicole, who was close to slipping beneath the waves.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A B A C B A C B B C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C B B C B A A B C C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C D A C C D C D B
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A C D C A E F C B G
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B A D C B A B D A C
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 D D C C A D B C A B
1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C
【原文】
W: School gardening has become very popular recently, with parents and teachers saying its hands-on lessons can be used to teach many subjects. Finding the money to keep a school garden going can be tough. Some experts and teachers, however, are finding creative ways to make it work.
Susan Hobart is a retired elementary school teacher. She manages the school’s large garden with 12 raised beds. She said that the gardens help calm the kids and give them a whole different perspective they wouldn’t have just sitting at desks.
Toby Adams directs the New York Botanical Garden’s Edible Academy, where schoolchildren learn about growing food. He said that school gardens can teach lessons in health, science, social studies and even arts classes. “For schools without space for even a small garden, turning to local botanical gardens and parks can sometimes be the answer,” Adams said.
Ron Finley supports teaching city kids about seeds and growing. His non-profit Ron Finley Project aims to “change the culture around food”. Finley remembered being amazed as a boy when he witnessed how “a seed destroys itself to become food”. “Having a garden in a school is just as important as any other education,” Finley said. Finley used the term reverence, or honor or respect that is shown, when talking about gardening. “If kids respect soil, they’ll respect themselves and this planet. Gardening is not a hobby but a life skill. I see this as one of the most valuable lessons of humanity,” Finley said.
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．B
【原文】
W: Is everybody here Good. Now listen to me carefully. I hope you’ve all had a good day today. It’s very unusual to have so much snow here at this time of year. Some of you were asking about tomorrow. Well, we’re going unless the snow gets much heavier during the night. I’ll see you back here at six o’clock. Set your alarms for 5:30 and wash up yourselves in thirty minutes. Be here tomorrow morning with everything you need. You’ve all got a list — you need a whistle in case you get separated from the rest of the group, warm clothes and gloves. A good pair of boots is important for you because we will spend at least six hours on walking. Don’t forget the maps I gave you. I suggest you not bring cameras and video cameras. You all look rather worried. There’s really no need. As long as we all stay together, we’ll have a great time. OK, it’s time we had dinner now, so if anyone has any questions, ask me on the way to the dining hall. Let’s go.
9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B
【原文】M: Hello and welcome to today’s Career Tomorrow. Today we are going to look at another kind of job — doctors. We have with us Dr. Cassie Brown, who is a doctor at the Royal London Hospital. Hello, Cassie, how did you first become interested in medicine
W: Well, I had a friend whose mother was a doctor, and I thought her job might be interesting.
M: So how did you find out more about the job
W: Well, I became a volunteer in a hospital and worked for a doctor. I soon realized that this career was the right one for me.
M: So what did you need to study at university
W: I studied Healing Science, and then I received a master’s degree.
M: How long did it take you to become a qualified doctor
W: Once I had finished my degree, I had to work for one year before I became qualified, so it took me five years.
M: How many hours do you work every day
W: Well, I work at normal hours — nine to five.
M: What do you like most about your job
W: It’s never boring. In fact, I feel sorry when I have to have a day off!
M: It sounds like the perfect job! Thanks for speaking with us, Cassie.
13．B 14．C 15．B 16．A
【原文】
W: I woke up this morning feeling a little worried. I was going to take part in the 200-meter race in our school’s swimming pool. Was I ready Was I prepared
First, the headmaster gave a speech at 8 o’clock. He encouraged us all to do well. Five teams took part in each event. At 8:30, the 100 meter freestyle began. Unfortunately, one of our swimmers had a sudden pain in her left leg during the race. She stopped swimming and shouted for help. A teacher jumped into the pool and brought her back. Luckily, she was fine. At about 9:10，it was time for my event, the 200-meter freestyle. I walked to the edge of the pool and waited for the judge to fire his gun. I heard him say. “On your marks... Get set... Go!” and we jumped in. However, a swimmer dived into the pool too early. We had to start again. I was in the lead for the first 150 meters, but another swimmer swam past me later. I won a medal for second place. I was a little disappointed.
My team came in second overall, with 47 points. The team which won had a total of 53 points.
I’m tired out now. It’s been a long day and ‘m about to go to sleep. Bye!
17．A 18．B 19．C 20．C
【原文】M: How are we getting to Georgia Have you decided yet
W: What about taking a flight We can get there in just a few hours.
M: But I’m afraid of flying. And it’s kind of expensive, isn’t it Besides, we’ll miss the beautiful scenery.
W: You are right. Then forget about airports.
M: What about going there by car We can rent a car.
W: But I don’t have a driver’s license. And you’ll get too tired if you drive all the way. You know it’s dangerous to drive when you’re tired.
M: Then what about taking a train or a bus
W: It’s uncomfortable on the bus.
M: But it’s so cheap. And we’ll get to see the countryside along the way.
W: Yes, it’s cheap, but it will be full of other passengers trying to save money.
M: Hmm, I guess it would be interesting. We’d get to meet a lot of people. And we’d get to see the scenery!
W: Scenery We’d just be seeing a bunch of city bus stations. We’d have to switch buses in every city. I’ll take forever!
M: Well, all right, then. I guess there is just one option left.
21．D 22．C 23．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个国际志愿者项目的详细信息以及相关要求。
21．细节理解题。根据“Childcare Volunteer Program (Buenos Aires, Argentina)(儿童保育志愿者项目（阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯）)”部分的介绍“This program is ideal for volunteers with plenty of enthusiasm for working with children and who are comfortable in a kitchen. As a volunteer, you’ll play a dynamic and meaningful role by preparing and serving food, organizing games, engaging in conversations and playing with the children and teenagers.(这个项目非常适合那些热衷于与孩子一起工作，并且在厨房里感到舒适的志愿者。作为志愿者，你将扮演一个充满活力和有意义的角色，为儿童和青少年准备和提供食物、组织游戏、参与对话以及与儿童和青少年一起玩耍。)”和“Teaching Volunteer Program (Rosario, Argentina)(教学志愿者项目（阿根廷罗萨里奥）)”部分的介绍“This program is ideal for volunteers who enjoy working with children, or want to help a community through education at a grass-roots level. (这个项目非常适合喜欢和孩子们一起工作的志愿者，或者想通过基层教育来帮助社区的志愿者。)”可知，这两个项目共同点是都涉及在阿根廷做儿童工作。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“Childcare Volunteer Program (Buenos Aires, Argentina)”部分的介绍“Volunteer hours: 2-3 hours per day(志愿者服务时间：每天2-3小时)”、“Teaching Volunteer Program (Rosario, Argentina)”部分的介绍“Volunteer hours: 4 hours per day(志愿者服务时间：每天4小时)”、“Animal Care Volunteer Program (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)”部分的介绍“Volunteer hours: up to 6 hours per day (志愿者服务时间：每天最多6小时)”以及“Healthcare and Medical Volunteer Program (Lovina, Bali)”部分的介绍“Volunteer hours: 3-5 hours per day(志愿者服务时间：每天3-5小时)”可知，Animal Care Volunteer Program每天工作时间最长。故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据“Healthcare and Medical Volunteer Program (Lovina, Bali)”部分的介绍“This program is ideal for medical or nursing students at any level through to qualified professionals.(这个项目非常适合任何级别的医学生或护理学生直到合格的专业人员)”可知，这个项目是为医学生或护理学生准备的，D项“中医专业的学生”符合要求。故选D。
24．A 25．C 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。本文主要讲美国宇航局计划将类人机器人送入太空。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“The humanoid robot, much like Iron Man but constructed from metal and electronics, copies human walking and appearance. (这个人形机器人很像钢铁侠，但由金属和电子元件构成，模仿了人类的行走和外表。)”可知，Valkyrie能够像人类一样行走。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段“Valkyrie is an electric humanoid robot capable of operating in degraded or damaged human-engineered environments, like areas hit by natural disasters. (瓦尔基里是一种电动人形机器人，能够在退化或受损的人类工程环境中工作，比如遭受自然灾害的地区。)”可知，作者提及“自然灾害”是为了展示机器人Valkyrie 的工作环境。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ ‘We’re not trying to replace human crews; we’re just trying to take the dull, dirty and dangerous work off their plates to allow them to focus on those higher-level activities,’ told Shaun Azimi, NASA Dexterous Robotics Team Leader, to Reuters. (“我们并不是要取代人类;我们只是想把枯燥、肮脏和危险的工作从他们的盘子里拿出来，让他们专注于那些更高层次的活动，”美国宇航局灵巧机器人团队负责人肖恩·阿齐米告诉路透社。)”可推断，Valkyrie 未来可能是宇航员的好帮手。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“NASA’s first humanoid robot, Valkyrie, is going through a few of its final testing stages at NASA’s Johnson Space Center(JSC) in Houston, Texas. The humanoid robot, much like Iron Man but constructed from metal and electronics, copies human walking and appearance. NASA is exploring if such machines can further space exploration, starting with the Artemis mission, according to Reuters. (美国宇航局的首个人形机器人瓦尔基里正在德克萨斯州休斯顿的美国宇航局约翰逊航天中心(JSC)进行最后的几个测试阶段。这个人形机器人很像钢铁侠，但由金属和电子元件构成，模仿了人类的行走和外表。据路透社报道，美国宇航局正在探索这种机器是否能进一步进行太空探索，从阿尔忒弥斯任务开始。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲美国宇航局计划将类人机器人送入太空。故选D。
28．C 29．D 30．B 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了张悦的创业经历和创业心得。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As she spoke, Zhang Yue put her hands behind her back to hide that they were shaking. She couldn’t, however, hide the line of sweat running down her forehead, which was caused partly by the heat of the television studio, but more by fear of the four people seated in front of her.(张悦说话的时候，把手放在背后，以掩饰手在颤抖。然而，她无法掩饰额头上的汗珠，这部分是由于电视演播室的高温，但更多的是由于害怕坐在她面前的四个人。)”可知，张悦在讲话的时候手在颤抖，额头上留下了汗水，她害怕坐在她前面的四个人，这表明她在演讲时感到紧张。故选C。
29．词句猜测题。根据画线句下一句“All over the world, an increasing number of enterprising young people are thinking of starting their own businesses, as the growing economy creates more opportunities.(在世界各地，随着经济的不断增长创造更多的机会，越来越多有事业心的年轻人开始考虑自己创业。)”可推测出，画线句表达的是她并不是唯一一个对创业有热情的人，本句话中的“been bitten by”表示“热衷于”，“start-up bug”指的是“创业热”，由此可推测出，有很多年轻人像她一样对创业有着强烈的兴趣和追求。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Like Zhang, they present their ideas in the hope of getting investment and advice, and they have the same passion and devotion.(和张一样，他们提出自己的想法是希望得到投资和建议，他们也有同样的激情和奉献精神。)”和最后一段中的“I love running my own business(我喜欢经营自己的事业)”可推测出，她对自己的事业充满热情（passionate）和奉献（devoted）。故选B。
31．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段通过张悦讲话的情况引出接下来张悦讲述的创业经历；第二至四段讲述了张悦的创业经历；最后一段讲述了张悦给年轻人讲述的创业建议。因此A项“张跃的创业和对年轻人的建议。”符合题意。故选A。
32．C 33．D 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科学家发现西南枸子能更高地清洁被污染的空气。
32．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Plants have been important to humans since ancient times. They give us food, clothes and shelter. Their beauty brings us happiness, and many plants can also cure us. Recently, scientists found a plant that can better clean polluted air. (自古以来，植物对人类就很重要。他们为我们提供食物、衣服和住所。它们的美丽给我们带来快乐，许多植物也可以治愈我们。最近，科学家们发现了一种植物，可以更好地清洁被污染的空气。)”可知，第一段主要讲述了指物的好处，故选C项。
33．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Researchers found that franchet’s cotoneaster was the best at capturing pollution. This is because of its hairy and complex leaf structure. (研究人员发现，西南枸子在捕获污染方面效果最好。这是因为它的叶子多毛且复杂)”可知，西南枸子能有效捕获污染是因为它复杂多毛的叶片结构，故选D项。
34．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Originally from China, franchet’s cotoneaster is a hardy evergreen that can survive temperatures as low as -23℃. (西南枸子原产于中国，是一种耐寒的常绿植物，可以在低至-23°C的温度下生存。)”可知，西南枸子在低温环境中存活，故选C项。
35．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thanks to this study, franchet’s cotoneaster has shown to be very useful. It allows gardeners and landscapers to help the environment. When these super plants are grown in urban gardens, on streets, and along highways, they will clean the air and add beauty to the surroundings. (多亏了这项研究，西南枸子已被证明非常有用。它使园丁和园艺师能够帮助环境。当这些超级植物种植在城市花园、街道和高速公路沿线时，它们将净化空气并为周围环境增添美感。)”可知，作者在本段中强调了西南枸子的环境效益，故选A项。
36．E 37．F 38．C 39．B 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了户外活动对孩子的益处、安排及开展方式。
36．上文“Outdoor play is beneficial to children beyond the physical activities it provides. It helps them socialize, understand their bodies better and enjoy the outdoors. (户外活动对孩子们的益处不仅在于它所提供的体育活动。它帮助他们社交，更好地了解自己的身体，并享受户外时光。)”及下文“While this is a lot of time to a daily schedule, the activities will contribute to the physical and emotional health of children. (虽然这在日常日程中占了很多时间，但这些活动将有助于孩子们的身心健康。)”说明户外活动对孩子有益，且提到了在日程中占时间，空处承上启下，E选项中的“about three hours of outdoor play each day”与下文“this is a lot of time”相呼应，所以E选项“学龄儿童每天需要大约三个小时的户外活动时间。”，符合语境。故选E。
37．下文“There is scientific evidence that playing outside improves health, and children of all ages loving it. The more time children spend in nature, the more likely they are to grow up to be good stewards of our planet. Sunny days not only make outdoor play more enjoyable for children but also contribute to their overall physical and mental well-being. (有科学证据表明，在户外玩耍可以改善健康，各个年龄段的孩子都喜欢它。孩子们在大自然中度过的时间越多，他们长大后就越有可能成为我们星球的优秀守护者。晴天不仅让孩子们的户外活动更愉快，而且有助于他们的整体身心健康。)”说明，晴天在户外活动有好处，F选项中的“Sunny days”与下文中的“Sunny days”相一致，所以F选项“晴天为享受户外活动的乐趣提供了绝佳的机会。”，符合语境。故选F。
38．上文“Nowadays, the amount of time children spend engaging with a device is a key reason why outdoor time should be a scheduled activity. Scheduling time to actively play outdoors sets a natural limit on the amount of time children can spend on a device. It can reduce the risks of a sedentary (久坐的) lifestyle. (如今，孩子们花在使用电子设备上的时间是户外活动时间应该被安排进日程的一个关键原因。安排时间积极进行户外活动对孩子们花在电子设备上的时间设定了一个自然的限制。它可以降低久坐生活方式的风险。)”说明户外活动的好处，C选项中的“Besides”承接上文，继续阐述户外活动的好处，所以C选项“此外，它可以促进与朋友们的积极互动。”，符合语境。故选C。
39．上文“Knowing why outdoor activities are important to children’s development is the first step to prioritizing (优先考虑) them in children’s schedule. (知道为什么户外活动对孩子的发展很重要是在孩子的日程安排中优先考虑它们的第一步。)”及下文 “To find ideas for places you might go, visit your local parks and entertainment websites or ask people who are fond of outdoor activities. (为了找到你可以去的地方的想法，你可以访问当地的公园和娱乐网站，或者询问喜欢户外活动的人。)”说明知道户外活动重要性后，下一步是找地方，B选项中的“Knowing where to go”与下文“find ideas for places you might go”相呼应，所以B选项“知道去哪里是朝着正确方向迈出的另一步。”，符合语境。故选B。
40．上文“If you can’t go far or travel isn’t an option, there are still many ways to get outside close to home. (如果你不能去很远的地方，或者旅行不是一个选择，仍然有很多方法可以在家附近到户外去。)”及下文“Simple activities like riding a bike, jumping rope, or having a picnic can be lots of fun and get you moving. (像骑自行车、跳绳或野餐这样简单的活动可以非常有趣，还能让你动起来。)”说明在家附近也有很多户外活动方式，G选项中的“in your backyard”和“around your neighborhood”与上文“close to home”相呼应，所以G选项“你可以在后院玩耍，或者只是在你的社区周围散步。”，符合语境。故选G。
41．B 42．A 43．D 44．C 45．B 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．D 53．C 54．C 55．A 56．D 57．B 58．C 59．A 60．B
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。 主要讲述了作者的一个朋友深夜打来电话，因为她遇到了一些问题，需要和作者谈谈。作者放下手边的工作和朋友了聊很长的时间。虽然她们没有找到明确的解决办法，但是她觉得朋友轻松了不少。有的时候，有人倾听，有人支持就能帮助人们度过难关。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我通常整夜工作，所以我是醒着的。A. day白天；B. night夜晚；C. year年份；D. dusk黄昏。根据上文“A friend of mine called me at 2 am.”以及下文“so I was awake”可知，作者经常工作到晚上很晚，所以当朋友在凌晨两点打来电话时，作者还醒着。故选B。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她遇到了一些问题，想和我谈谈。A. going through经受（尤指苦难或艰难时期）；B. backing up备份；C. lining in with衬入；D. making up for弥补。根据空后“some problems”可知，作者的朋友凌晨两点打来电话，说明她遇到了一些问题。故选A。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我工作负担过重，压力很大。A. equipped配备；B. contrasted对比；C. provided提供；D. overloaded使负担过重。根据下文“under a lot of pressure”可知，作者的工作负担很重，压力很大。be overloaded with“……负担过重”。故选D。
44．考查介词词义辨析。句意：除了工作，我还有很多心事。A. Given鉴于；B. Including包括；C. Besides除了；D. Without没有。根据上文“I was　　3　　with work, under a lot of pressure.”可知，除了作者的工作，作者还有很多事情要去考虑。故选C。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我决定停止我正在做的事情，把一切都搁置起来，然后和她谈谈。A. regretted后悔；B. decided决定；C. hesitated犹豫；D. dedicated专注。根据下文“stop what I was doing”可知，虽然作者还有很多事情要做，但是她决定放下工作陪朋友聊一聊。故选B。
46．考查介词短语辨析。句意：但我决定停止我正在做的事情，把一切都搁置起来，然后和她谈谈。A. on hold暂缓；B. out of control失控；C. at hand在手边；D. within reach触手可及。根据上文“stop what I was doing”可知，作者决定放下她正在做的事情，暂缓做它，然后和朋友聊一聊。故选A。
47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它起到了作用，因为我们在谈话结束后我们设法弄清楚了情况。A. program计划；B. situation情况；C. life生活；D. fortune财富。根据语境可知，作者的朋友遇到了一些问题，找作者聊天。作者觉得打完电话后她们弄清楚了情况是什么样的，所以这个电话是很有用的。故选B。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道有时候重要的不是你在说什么，也不是你是否找到了一个明确的问题解决方案。A. takes接受；B. determines确定；C. understands理解；D. matters重要。根据下文“What really counts is knowing that when you are going through a(n)　　10　　time, you have a shoulder to lean on.”可知，作者觉得有的时候重要的不是你在说什么，也不是是否找到了明确的解决方法，而是有人在你身边支持你。故选D。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道有时候重要的不是你在说什么，也不是你是否找到了一个明确的问题解决方案。A. clear明确的；B. fancy幻想的；C. severe严重的；D. equal同的。根据语境可知，作者认为帮助朋友就是支持她，在她遇到困难的时候给他一个肩膀依靠，而不在乎是否给她找到了解决问题的明确的方法。故选A。
50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：真正重要的是，当你经历困难的时候，你有一个肩膀可以依靠。A. additional额外的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. tough艰难的；D. great很棒的。根据上文“She was____2____some problems and wanted to talk to me about them.”可知，作者认为帮助朋友度过困难，重要的是给她提供肩膀依靠。故选C。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要知道有人足够关心你，给你时间、支持和鼓励，而不做任何判断，就足以减轻你身上的大部分负担。A. gets得到；B. leaves离开；C. lets让；D. cares关心。根据下文“give you time, support”可知，作者认为当你遇到困难时，重要的是有人关心你，给你时间并支持你。故选D。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要知道有人足够关心你，给你时间、支持和鼓励，而不做任何判断，就足以减轻你身上的大部分负担。A. criticism批评；B. profit利润；C. presentation陈述；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文“give you time, support”可知，作者认为当你遇到困难时，重要的是有人关心你，给你时间，支持和鼓励你。故选D。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要知道有人足够关心你，给你时间、支持和鼓励，而不做任何判断，就足以减轻你身上的大部分负担。A. stress强调；B. complain抱怨；C. remove去除；D. remember记住。根据上文语境以及“much of the weight that you are carrying.”可知，当你遇到困难时，只要有人支持你，鼓励你，就会减轻你身上的大部分负担。故选C。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经遇到过这样的情况，我不得不独自一人奋斗，没有任何支持。A. see看见；B. put放；C. struggle奋斗；D. depart离开。根据下文“with no support at all”可知，作者也曾经遇到过困难，但是她不得不一个人去奋斗。故选C。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样生活使你非常独立。A. independent独立的；B. discouraging令人沮丧的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. reliable可靠的。根据下文“leaves you feeling like you can only depend on yourself”可知，不得不独自一人奋斗的情况让作者变得非常独立。故选A。
56．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有时会得到人们的支持，完全出乎意料的是，当我真的需要的时候。A. result结果；B. advocate拥护；C. ignorance无知；D. support支持。根据下文“having someone to talk to”可知，作者有时在遇到困难时也会找人聊一聊，寻求支持。故选D。
57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我有时会得到人们的支持，完全出乎意料的是，当我真的需要的时候。A. privately私下地；B. unexpectedly出乎意料地；C. roughly粗略地；D. unfairly不公平地。根据上文“Living like this makes you very　　15　　.”可知，不得不独自一人奋斗的情况让作者变得非常独立。但是出乎作者意料的是，真正需要支持时，作者也会找人倾诉。故选B。
58．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，有人可以倾诉，这会起多大的作用。A. proposal提案；B. similarity相似性；C. difference差异；D. acknowledgement确认。根据语境可知，作者在找人寻求支持后，她意识到了这个能起多大的作用。make a difference“起作用”。故选C。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们没有解决这个问题，但我希望我能够减轻她身上的一些重量。A. solve解决；B. benefit受益；C. rule统治；D. keep保留。根据上文“whether you have found a(n)　　9　　solution to the problem”可知，作者认为尽管没有解决问题，但是也希望能够减轻她身上的一些负担。故选A。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们没有解决这个问题，但我希望我能够减轻她身上的一些重量。A. inform通知；B. relieve缓解；C. convince说服；D. remind提醒。根据上文“Just knowing that somebody　　11　　enough to give you time, support and　　12　　, without any judgment, is enough to　　13　　much of the weight that you are carrying.”可知，虽然没能解决她的问题，但是作者也希望能够帮她减轻负担。故选B。
61．which 62．listed 63．has dropped 64．living 65．earlier 66．undoubtedly 67．in 68．a 69．to enrich 70．volunteers
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖遭遇严重干旱，江豚的生存环境发生了巨大变化，江西省已经采取了许多措施来保护江豚。
61．考查定语从句。句意：由于中国最大的淡水湖鄱阳湖遭遇严重干旱，江豚的生存环境发生了巨大变化，江西省已经采取了许多措施来保护江豚。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词finless porpoises，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。
62．考查非谓语动词。句意：这种被国际自然保护联盟列为极度濒危的物种，现在只生活在长江中下游。分析句子结构可知list与逻辑主语species构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填listed。
63．考查时态。句意：在过去的几年里，江豚的数量急剧下降，目前只有457只生活在鄱阳湖。根据后文in the past few years可知为现在完成时，主语为The number of finless porpoises，助动词用has。故填has dropped。
64．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几年里，江豚的数量急剧下降，目前只有457只生活在鄱阳湖。此处为with的复合结构，且457与live为主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填living。
65．考查比较级。句意：随着水位下降到不足12米，8月6日，该湖正式进入今年的旱季，比1951年有记录以来的任何时候都早。根据后文“than at any time since records began in 1951”可知为比较级。故填earlier。
66．考查副词。句意：这种变化无疑会增加江豚撞船的风险，也会导致江豚的食物短缺。修饰动词increase应用副词undoubtedly，故填undoubtedly。
67．考查介词。句意：这种变化无疑会增加江豚撞船的风险，也会导致江豚的食物短缺。短语result in表示“导致”。故填in。
68．考查冠词。句意：江西省农业和农村事务厅的王亮表示，为了丰富食物供应，江西省共放生了2亿只鱼、虾和蟹，并培训了2000多名志愿者来拯救这些物种。短语a total of表示“总共”。故填a。
69．考查非谓语动词。句意：江西省农业和农村事务厅的王亮表示，为了丰富食物供应，江西省共放生了2亿只鱼、虾和蟹，并培训了2000多名志愿者来拯救这些物种。分析句子结构可知enrich在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to enrich。
70．考查名词的数。句意：江西省农业和农村事务厅的王亮表示，为了丰富食物供应，江西省共放生了2亿只鱼、虾和蟹，并培训了2000多名志愿者来拯救这些物种。根据上文more than 2,000可知可数名词volunteer应用复数。故填volunteers。
71．1.say→saying 2.spend→spent 3.reason→reasons 4.left→leave 5.删掉much 6.benefit→beneficial 7.在fact之前加of 8.us→ourselves 9.long→longer 10.but→so/and
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的是学生应该帮着家长做家务的原因，同时鼓励大家帮着做家务。
【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生不愿意在家做家务，说他们忙于学习。此处应用分词短语作状语，Many students与say之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故将say改为saying。
2.考查情态动词。句意：然而，在我看来，学生应该花一些时间帮助做家务。情态动词should之后应加动词原形。故将spent改为spend。
3.考查名词单复数。句意：这里有一些原因。句子是完全倒装句，依据句中的are可知原因不止一条，主语reason应用复数。故将reason改为reasons。
4.考查动词时态。句意：如果我们把所有的家务都留给父母，这将使他们非常累。主句谓语动词使用一般将来时，if条件句应用一般现在时，主语是we，动词使用原形。故将left改为leave。
5.考查副词。句意：如果我们把所有的家务都留给父母，这将使他们非常累。修饰形容词、副词应用副词very，very much的中心词为much，主要用来修饰动词，very表示程度，此处修饰形容词tired，应用副词very。故删掉much。
6.考查形容词。句意：对我们来说，独立是非常有益的。依据系动词is可知应用形容词作表语，同时副词really修饰形容词，be beneficial=be of benefit。故将benefit改为beneficial。
7.考查介词和固定搭配。句意：事实上，我们越早学会独立，我们的未来就会越好。as a matter of fact意为“事实上；实际上”，固定搭配。故在fact之前加of。
8.考查代词。句意：做家务可以帮助我们学会照顾我们自己。结合句意此处应表示“学会照顾我们自己”用反身代词作宾语。故将us改为ourselves。
9.考查副词和固定搭配。句意：现在我们不再是小孩子了，但是我们应该帮助做家务来减轻父母的负担。no longer意为“不再”，固定搭配。故将long改为longer。
10.考查连词。句意：现在我们不再是小孩子了，但是我们应该帮助做家务来减轻父母的负担。结合句意此处表示顺承关系，不是转折关系，应用并列连词and/so。故将but改为and/so。
72．范文
The shark had her entire arm locked in its mouth, and it started to pull her underwater. Realizing it is the last chance to survive, she had to take action at once. Gathering whatever strength she had left, she hit the shark on the nose. The shark let go and swam away, leaving Nicole Moore floating there in a sea of blood. Still, she was in danger of losing too much blood.
One of the Jet Skiers accelerated toward Nicole, who was close to slipping beneath the waves. Grasping her right hand, he sent her to the shore, where a group of people gathered and offered their hands. Luckily, two more Americans were among the guests on the beach, who did first aid immediately, trying to help keep her awake by talking to her constantly. For a while, Nicole was in a coma, when she doubted whether her kids could see their mom and her husband, her parents would lose their beloved one. In no time, an ambulance came, sending Nicole Moore to the nearby hospital. She survived at last.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开, 讲述了Nicole Moore在海上玩耍的时候，不幸被鲨鱼发现，鲨鱼咬住了她的左大腿，之后咬住了她的左臂。幸亏妮可及时采取行动，摆脱了鲨鱼，最终被水上摩托运动员救起，幸存了下来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“鲨鱼咬住了她的整个手臂，开始把她拖到水下”可知, 第一段可描写妮可努力求生的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“其中一名水上摩托运动员加速冲向妮可，妮可差点滑到海浪下面”可知, 第二段可描写妮可得救的经过以及最后幸存下来。
2.续写线索：咬住手臂——奋力挣脱——鲨鱼松口——被发现——妮可被救起——妮可得救
3.词汇激活
行为类
①意识到：realize/be aware of
②击打：hit/strike
③尝试：try to/attempt to
情绪类
①怀疑：doubt/suspect
②亲爱的：beloved/dear
【点睛】[高分句型1] The shark let go and swam away, leaving Nicole Moore floating there in a sea of blood. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Luckily, two more Americans were among the guests on the beach, who did first aid immediately, trying to help keep her awake by talking to her constantly. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句)
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