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【素养测评】高二下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--天津卷（一）
答题卡
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选择题(请用2B铅笔填涂)
非选择题(请在各试题的答题区内作答)
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【素养测评】高二下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--天津卷（一)
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
单项填空(共15小题; 每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．The factories are staying open all the weekend to try to meet the customers’ ________ for this product.
A．principle B．standard C．demand D．pressure
2．If we ________ on this problem now, they will think we are weak.
A．lie in B．back down C．make a difference D．result in
3．________ every clock in the Palace Museum were restored, there would still be work to do, because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
A．Once B．Before C．Given that D．Even if
4．The man felt very tired and had little time for his family as his work increasingly _____ his life.
A．dominated B．admired C．enhanced D．liberated
5．People interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’s ArtScience Museum.
A．who B．whose C．which D．that
6．People have always been about exactly how life on earth began.
A．excited B．curious C．anxious D．careful
7．How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a complex problem, so there is no simple .
A．solution B．destination C．command D．conclusion
8．—This new dress code ______ to everyone at work, employees and employers alike.
—Yes, there is no exception.
A．contributes B．submits C．applies D．adds
9．With his father being ill, he had no choice but ________ his job.
A．quit B．quitting C．to quit D．quitted
10．To keep healthy, Professor Johnson ________ cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired.
A．took up B．caught on C．carried out D．made up
11．The on her face told me that he was angry.
A．impression B．reputation C．expression D．capacity
12．The children to be sleeping when the teacher came in.
A．employed B．demanded C．assessed D．pretended
13．I wrote down her address I forgot it.
A．in case B．unless C．as if D．since
14．The co-production between these two countries will ________, reshaping the pattern of international filmmaking.
A．boost their confidence B．dedicate themselves
C．make it D．break new ground
15．A package of measures has been introduced to help the economy and ______ jobs.
A．pretend B．preserve C．pile D．predict
第二节 完形填空(共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When I was growing up, I had an old neighbor named Dr. Gibbs. He didn’t look like any doctor I’d 16 known. When Dr. Gibbs wasn’t 17 lives, he was planting trees.
The good doctor had some 18 theories on planting trees. He believed in “No pains, no gains”. He never 19 his new trees, which was 20 many people. Once I asked why. He 21 that watering plants spoiled (宠坏) them, and that if you water them, each following tree generation will 22 weaker and weaker. So you have to make things 23 for them. He talked about how watering trees 24 shallow roots, and how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots in 25 of water. I came to understand that he meant deep roots were to be 26 . I planted a couple of trees a few years back and I took good care of them. Two years of 27 has resulted in trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot. Whenever a cold wind blows, they 28 and tremble their branches. Funny things about those trees of Dr. Gibbs’. The lack of water seemed to 29 them in ways comfort and ease never could.
I used to 30 for my sons that their lives will be easy. But 31 I’ve been thinking that it’s time to 32 my prayer. I know my children are going to meet 33 , and I’m praying they will be strong. The prayer for comfort is seldom met. What we need to do is to pray for deep roots, 34 when the winds blow, they won’t be 35 away.
16．A．even B．ever C．never D．hardly
17．A．valuing B．making C．enjoying D．saving
18．A．exciting B．dull C．interesting D．terrible
19．A．watered B．raised C．loved D．sheltered
20．A．for B．beyond C．within D．from
21．A．wondered B．answered C．doubted D．guessed
22．A．grow B．pretend C．change D．pose
23．A．harmful B．favorable C．tough D．wonderful
24．A．made for B．head for C．allow for D．care for
25．A．charge B．favor C．honor D．search
26．A．treasured B．challenged C．respected D．liked
27．A．education B．information C．preparation D．devotion
28．A．dance B．shake C．spread D．lift
29．A．harm B．raise C．benefit D．hurt
30．A．pray B．apply C．stand D．call
31．A．perfectly B．formally C．obviously D．lately
32．A．attend B．say C．change D．keep
33．A．hardships B．misjudge C．tenderness D．jobs
34．A．or B．so C．and D．but
35．A．given B．sent C．broken D．swept
第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2.5分，满分50分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
In today’s digital age, where a vast ocean of information is just a click away, the question arises: can one learn too much Given that no individual can grasp the entirety of human knowledge. However, there exists a phenomenon where excessive learning can lead to inaction, a state of being overwhelmed by too much information.
Consider a scenario where you’re eager to achieve a particular goal. You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach.
This situation is a common trap: the endless pursuit of more information. Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍) practical application. If learning continuously prevents you from starting, you’ll find yourself stuck, unable to achieve your desired outcomes.
An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot.
The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated efforts, walking is eventually mastered. This method is applicable to goal achievement too. By engaging in action, learning from the outcomes, and adjusting accordingly, you gradually move closer to your goals.
In summary, while the pursuit of knowledge is valuable, it’s crucial not to let it become a barrier to action. Learning should be a stepping stone to doing, not an end in itself. It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations. This balanced approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards realizing your ambitions.
36．What stops people from achieving the goal
A．The distraction caused by unrelated tasks.
B．The inability to find relevant information.
C．The confusion caused by the information.
D．The desire to learn basic concept or strategy.
37．What does the author try to advocate in Paragraphs 3 and 4
A．Sticking to continuous learning.
B．Taking practical action without delay.
C．Gaining as much knowledge as possible.
D．Prioritizing theoretical knowledge in study.
38．Why is practical experience important in the learning process
A．It replaces continuous learning.
B．It removes obstacles in learning.
C．It holds back theoretical understanding.
D．It offers a comprehensive understanding.
39．The example “baby learning to walk” mentioned in Paragraph 5 is used to ________.
A．compare different learning styles
B．show the importance of making mistakes
C．emphasize the need for parental guidance
D．explain learning through action and experience
40．What makes the best title for the passage
A．The Paradox of Information Overload
B．The Harmony of Learning and Doing
C．The Pursuit of Balanced Knowledge
D．The Process of Learning to Walk
B
Although I was the class clown at school, there’s an introverted (内向的) side to my personality. That’s because I have a neurological (神经系统的) condition that makes it hard for my brain to process visual information. Words swim on the page for me. I wanted to learn how to read but I couldn’t.
In primary school, I didn’t talk to any teachers or family about this. I was clever at hiding it. When I had to write anything down, I guessed, forming what I hoped was the right words. I became good at learning by heart.
When I started secondary school, my problem worsened and developed in to a bad stutter (口吃). I continued to fall through the net, emotionally and educationally. The only thing I loved was practical biology. I wanted to be a doctor.
Then I left school and joined the military. I was determined to be a medic and trained hard. But things unraveled (揭开) when I did a course in pre-hospital emergency care. I passed all my practical exams, preparing for them by watching others. The problem was the written exam. I was so embarrassed but had to tell the examining doctor that I couldn’t read. He urged me to get back into education. I was 34.
I applied to do a medical degree at the Open University (OU). It was back to basics on the course. I knew the alphabet and some words, but my vocabulary was small. I paid for a tutor,who worked with me every week, teaching me to understand words through pictures.
It took me nine years to get that degree. Now, aged 47, I’m an ambassador for the OU,winning an award for embracing education so late in life. I now teach pre-hospital emergency care to medical school students. I also teach children and adults with learning difficulties because I want to give others the chances I had.
I still struggle to read a menu without the help of some special electronic devices, but luckily there’s always someone around to lend me a hand. I look back and wonder how many other people have struggled with education and where they are now. I’m proof that no one should be discounted (忽视), ever.
41．How did the author deal with his problem in primary school
A．He tried hard to forget it. B．He found a way to hide it.
C．He managed to overcome it. D．He turned to teachers for help.
42．What happened to the author when he was in the military
A．He was encouraged to be a doctor. B．His speech disorder became, worse.
C．He was advised to go back to university. D．He failed his exams and was forced to leave.
43．What did the author struggle to do after returning to education
A．Learn basics on the course. B．Build confidence in learning.
C．Work hard to pass written exams. D．Try to catch up in medical classes.
44．The underlined word in Paragraph 6 can be understood as .
A．raising public awareness of something B．making a discovery of something
C．accepting something willingly D．attracting great attention
45．According to the last paragraph, what message does the author want to convey
A．Experience helps to promote excellence.
B．College education contributes to success.
C．Everyone should be treated equally in education.
D．Adults with learning difficulties need special care.
C
With the future of international travel looking uncertain at the start of this year, planning more UK adventures has never been so attractive.Lundy Island, Devon
This tiny island is off the coast of Devon. It successfully raised funds to make sure of its survival in 2020. It is home to less than 30 people. There are historic buildings here and there. They have been turned into holiday rentals (租用的房屋) for people looking for the feeling of being temporarily cut off from the real world. (Four-night stay, from 123 per person.)Snowdonia, Wales
No one wants to line up to reach the summit (顶峰) of Snowdon, but there are ways to explore this National Park in north Wales and its surrounding countryside, without adding to the possible crowds. You can spend the night in a tent above the waves, or make your heart beat faster by taking part in rock-climbing. (Cliff (悬崖) camping, from 200 per day per person; climbing from 60 per day per person.)Norfolk
You can keep social distance without difficulty in Norfolk: this flat county feels wide and empty even in the height of summer. Head to Holkham Beach for sandy space, rent a boat and explore along the Broads or book a night in the new hotel The Harper in Langham, which is open in early spring this year. (The Harper, from 75 a night per person.)Lake District, Cumbria
There’s never a bad time to visit the Lakes. Lake District’s glassy waters and high summits, including England’s deepest lake and highest mountain, make it officially become a National Park. First stop: the Drunken Duck pub and beer factory on a rural crossroad in the middle of nowhere. (From 190 a night per person.)
46．How did Lundy Island survive its hard times in 2020
A．By raising money. B．By limiting tourists.
C．By building holiday rentals. D．By cutting off from the real world.
47．Where can people experience something thrilling
A．Along the coast of Devon. B．In Snowdonia National Park.
C．In the Harper in Langham. D．In the Lake District Park.
48．What’s the feature of touring in Norfolk
A．You can explore the deepest lake in England.
B．Some historic buildings are turned into hotels.
C．There are hotels on the cliffs above the sea.
D．You needn’t bother about tourist crowds.
49．What can we know about Lake District
A．It has high mountains and deep water.
B．It has a long history as a national park.
C．It has beautiful waters and forests.
D．It survived the worst time ever.
50．Which of the following will cost least for a man’s 2-day trip
A．Lundy Island. B．Snowdonia. C．Norfolk. D．Lake District.
D
What’s on
Book Talk: The Ages of Globalization by Professor Jeffrey D．Sachs
Place: Oxford Martin School
Time: 27 Oct., 17:00-18:30
Professor Jeffrey D．Sachs’ new book The Ages of Globalization: Geography, Technology, and Institutions and this talk explore the interactions of technology, geography, and institutions throughout human history. In this book, he describes seven ages of globalization and the nature of societal change from one age to the next.
Series: Our Mental Wellness by Colin Espie, Dimitri Gavriloff, Felicity Waite
Place: Experimental Psychology Department
Time: 29 Oct., 10:00-10:45
Dr. Colin Espie will deliver a 20-minute talk followed by a discussion with Felicity Waite (Research Clinical Psychologist) and Dimitri Gavriloff (Clinical Course Tutor in Sleep Medicine). The panel discussion will be chaired by Catharine Creswell (Professor of Developmental Clinical Psychology), where the audience can share their problems.
The Well-Gardened Mind by Sue Stuart-Smith
Place: Oxford Botanic Garden
Time: 4 Mar., 19:00-20:00
Dr. Sue Stuart-Smith is a psychologist and author of The Well-Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature. In this talk, Sue will talk to us about the research and findings behind her new book, which analyses the relationship between gardening and mental health. Sue will combine contemporary neuroscience, psychoanalysis and interesting real-life stories to highlight just how vital gardening can be as an escape for the brain. The talk will be followed by a short discussion, so questions are warmly welcomed.
St Cross College Jazz Concert by Peter Edwards
Place: St Cross College
Time: 23 Oct., 19:30-20:30
The famous jazz pianist Peter Edwards will play a one-hour concert with a programme that celebrates Black composers and their huge contributions to the history of jazz music. The programme will be split into three parts — Early Jazz, Swing to Bebop and Contemporary Jazz.
51．Which of the following talks can help you learn about the history of modernization
A．The Well-Gardened Mind.
B．Book Talk: The Ages of Globalization.
C．St Cross College Jazz Concert.
D．Series: Our Mental Wellness.
52．Who will host the panel discussion in the second lecture
A．Catharine Creswell. B．Peter Edwards.
C．Felicity Waite. D．Dimitri Gavriloff.
53．What do Jeffrey D．Sachs’ and Sue Stuart-Smith’s talks have in common
A．They have the same lasting time.
B．They are aimed at the same audience group.
C．They may help advertise the speakers’ new books.
D．They provide Q&A sessions.
54．What will Sue Stuart-Smith mainly focus on in her talk
A．Her real-life gardening experience.
B．The importance of gardening to our mental health.
C．Her inspirations for beginning her research.
D．The ways of refreshing our brain.
55．When can you enjoy a short concert at St Cross College
A．27 Oct., 17:00-18:30. B．29 Oct., 10:00-10:45.
C．4 Mar., 19:00-20:00. D．23 Oct., 19:30-20:30.
第Ⅱ卷 非选择题(共35分)
第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
Growing up in Saudi Arabia, 44-year-old photographer Jody MacDonald has always had a strong interest in the desert. “I have always wanted to spend some time in the Sahara,” MacDonald said. “There are still so many unexplored areas in the Sahara Desert. These relatively unexplored places are so rare these days and hold the very fundamentals of exploration, which attract me. So finally I made the journey.” MacDonald started her journey in Mauritania’s capital city Nouakchott, and headed inland where she and her team jumped on the world’s longest cargo train (货运列车) for a 435-mile journey on the Mauritania Railway. “The train was dirty and uncomfortable but it was such an interesting and unique way to travel through the vast desert by train,” said MacDonald.
MacDonald and her group had to face many challenges on their journey. Except for the dirt and discomfort, the travelers also had to deal with the intense heat, violent winds and even dangerous sandstorms. “I was out taking photographs and within minutes, the wind increased to more than 100 miles an hour,” MacDonald said. “I thought my skin was going to be torn off because of the rain and blowing sand. It felt like sandpaper on my skin. I have never experienced winds that strong before. There was once a time when I wanted to give up.”
She dealt with the harsh conditions by trying not to travel in the middle of the day and wore headscarves to protect herself from the sun and blowing sand. “The weather definitely dictates when and where you travel,” said MacDonald. Even with all the challenges, the photographer managed to record amazing images of the beautiful but harsh landscapes of Mauritania, and its fascinating cultures and communities.
56．What made MacDonald decide to tour the Sahara (no more than 15 words)
57．How did MacDonald find her journey on the cargo train (no more than 15 words)
58．Why did MacDonald once decide to give up her journey (no more than 8 words)
59．What does the underlined word “dictates” in the last paragraph mean (1 word)
60．How does MacDonald’s story inspire you Please explain in your own words. (no more than 20words)
第二节：书面表达(满分25分)
61．随着人们的生活水平不断提高，人们越来越重视自己的生活质量，体育运动也越来越受到欢迎。然而，许多高中生认为学习任务重，进行体育锻炼浪费时间。
请结合自己的体会，谈一谈体育和学习之间的关系，并提出建议。
注意：1.词数100-130词；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：生活质量： the quality of life 高中生： senior school students
学习任务重： the burden of study
做……是浪费时间: It’s a waste of time to do...
As is known to all, with the increasing development of the living standard,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B D A B B A C C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C D A D B B D C A B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 B A C A D A D B C A
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D C A B D C B D D B
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B C A C C A B D A C
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 B A C B D M S B D M
1．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：工厂整个周末都营业，试图满足顾客对这种产品的需求。A. principle原则；B. standard标准；C. demand需求；D. pressure压力。根据“The factories are staying open all the weekend”可推知，工厂整个周末都营业是为了满足顾客对产品的需求，用名词demand作宾语。故选C项。
2．B
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们现在在这个问题上退缩，他们会认为我们软弱。A. lie in在于；B. back down退缩，让步；C. make a difference有影响，起作用；D. result in导致。 根据“they will think we are weak”可知，此处表示我们“退缩”符合语境。故选B项。
3．D
【详解】考查连词（短语）词义辨析。句意：即使故宫里的每一座钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做，因为很久以前修复过的钟表可能又需要重新开始修复。A. Once曾经，一旦；B. Before在……之前；C. Given that考虑到；D. Even if即使。根据there would still be work to do可知，此处意为“即使故宫里的每一座钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做”，故应用even if引导让步状语从句，故选D。
4．A
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个人感到非常疲惫，几乎没有时间陪家人，因为他的工作逐渐占据了他的生活。A. dominated支配，控制，占据（时间、空间等）；B. admired钦佩，赞赏；C. enhanced提高，增强；D. liberated解放，释放。根据句意可知，这个人因为工作繁忙而几乎没有时间陪家人，说明工作逐渐“占据”了他的生活，因此“dominated”符合语境。故选A项。
5．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对探索艺术与科学之间关系感兴趣的人会喜欢新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，关系词替代先行词，先行词People和interest之间是所属关系，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句，表所属，在从句中作定语。故选B。
6．B
【详解】考查形容词义辨析。句意：人们一直对地球上的生命是如何开始的感到好奇。A. excited激动的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. careful小心的。根据about exactly how life on earth began可知，此处意为“对地球上的生命是如何开始的感到好奇”，故应用形容词curious作表语，故选B。
7．A
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如何为下岗工人创造足够的就业机会是一个复杂的问题，因此没有简单的解决办法。A. solution解决办法；B. destination目的地；C. command命令；D. conclusion结论。由“How to create enough jobs for the laid-off workers is a complex problem”可知，空格处意为“解决办法”。故选A。
8．C
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——新的着装规范适用于工作中的每个人，员工和雇主都一样。——是的，没有例外。A. contributes贡献于；B. submits递交；C. applies适合，应用；D. adds增加。根据句意可知，此处意为“适用于”，表达为apply to，故应用动词applies，故选C。
9．C
【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：由于父亲生病，他别无选择，只能辞职。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，且“have no choice but to do sth.”为固定短语，表示“别无选择，只能做某事”，其中 but 后需接带to的不定式。故选C。
10．A
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了保持健康，约翰逊教授退休后把骑自行车作为一种常规的锻炼方式。A. took up开始从事；B. caught on变得流行；C. carried out实施；D. made up编造。由“cycling as a regular form of exercise after he retired”可知，句子表示“为了保持健康，约翰逊教授退休后开始骑自行车”，空格处意为“开始从事”。故选A。
11．C
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她脸上的表情告诉我他生气了。A. impression印象；B. reputation名声，声誉；C. expression表情；D. capacity能力。根据“on her face told me that he was angry”可知，是脸上的表情告诉我他生气了。故选C。
12．D
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师进来时，孩子们假装正在睡觉。A. employed雇佣；使用；B. demanded强烈要求；需要；C. assessed评估；评定；D. pretended假装。根据“when the teacher came in.”可知，老师进来的时候，孩子们假装在睡觉。故选D。
13．A
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我写下了她的地址，以防我忘记了。A. in case以防，以免；B. unless除非；C. as if好像；D. since自从，因为。根据“I forgot it”可知，此处表示写下了她的地址以防忘记。空处用in case引导目的状语从句。故选A。
14．D
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这两个国家之间的联合制作将开辟新的领域，重塑国际电影制作的格局。A. boost their confidence增强他们的信心；B. dedicate themselves献身于；C. make it成功；D. break new ground开辟新领域。根据空后reshaping the pattern of international filmmaking可知，这种联合制作会对国际电影制作格局产生重大影响，带来新的变化和突破。故选D。
15．B
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：已经出台了一揽子措施来帮助经济和保持就业。A. pretend假装；B. preserve保留；维持；C. pile堆积；D. predict预测。根据“A package of measures has been introduced”可知，出台了一揽子措施其目的是保持就业。故选B。
16．B 17．D 18．C 19．A 20．B 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．D 28．B 29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了老邻居吉布斯医生独特的种树理论——不给树浇水，让树扎根深处。受此启发，作者改变了为儿子祈祷生活轻松的想法，希望他们能直面困难，拥有坚韧力量。
16．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他看起来不像我曾经认识的任何医生。A. even甚至；B. ever曾经；C. never从不；D. hardly几乎不。ever用于完成时态中表示“曾经”， 用来说明作者过去曾经认识的医生，符合语境。故选B项。
17．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉布斯医生不拯救生命的时候，他就在种树。A. valuing重视；B. making制作；C. enjoying享受；D. saving拯救。由前文“He didn’t look like any doctor”可知他是医生，医生的主要职责是拯救生命。故选D项。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位好医生有一些有趣的种树理论。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. dull枯燥的；C. interesting有趣的；D. terrible糟糕的。根据后文“watering plants spoiled (宠坏) them”以及“if you water them, each following tree generation will ____7____ weaker and weaker”可知，他的种树理论很特别、有趣。故选C项。
19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从不给新种的树浇水，这让很多人难以理解。A. watered浇水；B. raised抚养，提高；C. loved爱；D. sheltered庇护。根据后文“that watering plants spoiled (宠坏) them”可知，他认为浇水会宠坏植物，所以他从不给新树浇水。故选A项。
20．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他从不给新种的树浇水，这让很多人难以理解。A. for 为了；B. beyond 超出；C. within在……之内；D. from从……。根据前文“He never ____4____ his new trees”、“watering plants spoiled (宠坏) them”以及“if you water them, each following tree generation will ____7____ weaker and weaker”可知，他不给树浇水的做法，这种行为超出了很多人的认知和理解范围，beyond有“超出……范围”之意，符合语境。故选B项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回答说给植物浇水会宠坏它们，如果浇水，接下来的每一代树就会变得越来越弱。A. wondered想知道；B. answered回答；C. doubted怀疑；D. guessed猜测。根据前文“Once I asked why.”可知，作者询问了他不浇水的原因，所以这里他是在回答作者的问题。故选B项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回答说给植物浇水会宠坏它们，如果浇水，接下来的每一代树就会变得越来越弱。A. grow变得，生长；B. pretend假装；C. change改变；D. pose摆姿势，造成。这里表示树在浇水的情况下，一代代生长会越来越弱，grow在此处表示“变得”，符合语境。故选A项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以你得让它们的生长环境艰难些。A. harmful有害的；B. favorable有利的；C. tough艰难的；D. wonderful精彩的。根据前文“if you water them, each following tree generation will ____7____ weaker and weaker”可知，他认为不能给树提供舒适容易的生长环境，而是要让环境艰难些，这样树才能长出深根变得强壮。故选C项。
24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他谈到浇水如何导致树的根系变浅，以及不浇水的树如何为了寻找水而不得不把根扎得很深。A. made for导致，促成；B. head for前往；C. allow for考虑到；D. care for照顾，喜欢。根据前文“if you water them, each following tree generation will ____7____ weaker and weaker”并结合此处语境可知，这里说的是浇水会带来的结果是使树根变浅，make for有“导致”的意思，符合语境。故选A项。
25．考查名词短语辨析。句意：他谈到浇水如何导致树的根系变浅，以及不浇水的树如何为了寻找水而不得不把根扎得很深。A. charge负责；B. favor支持；C. honor纪念；D. search寻找。根据常识可知，不浇水的树为了获取水分，就需要把根扎得很深去寻找水。故选D项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白他的意思是深根是值得珍视的。A. treasured珍视；B. challenged挑战；C. respected尊重；D. liked喜欢。根据前文“how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots”可知，深根对于树来说是很重要、值得珍视的。故选A项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年的悉心照料导致这些树变得需要无微不至的呵护。A. education教育；B. information信息；C. preparation准备；D. devotion奉献，悉心照料。根据前文“I planted a couple of trees a few years back and I took good care of them.”可知，作者对种的树进行了很好的照顾，devotion在此处表示“悉心照料”。故选D项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当寒风吹来，它们就摇晃颤抖着树枝。A. dance跳舞；B. shake摇晃；C. spread传播；D. lift举起。根据前文“trees that expect to be waited on hand and foot”可知这些树被过度呵护，很脆弱，所以当寒风吹来时，它们就会摇晃颤抖。故选B项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：缺水似乎以舒适安逸永远无法做到的方式使它们受益。A. harm伤害；B. raise提高，抚养；C. benefit使受益；D. hurt伤害。根据前文“He talked about how watering trees ____9____ shallow roots, and how trees that weren’t watered had to grow deep roots in ____10____ of water.”可知，他认为不浇水能让树长出深根变得强壮，所以这里说缺水反而对树有益处。故选C项。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我过去常常为我的儿子们祈祷他们的生活能够轻松。A. pray祈祷；B. apply申请，应用；C. stand站立，忍受；D. call呼叫。根据后文“my prayer”以及“and I’m praying they will be strong”可知，这里是说作者过去常常为儿子祈祷。故选A项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但最近我一直在想是时候改变我的祈祷了。A. perfectly完美地；B. formally正式地；C. obviously明显地；D. lately最近。根据前文“I used to (我过去常常)”和“it’s time to (是时候……)”可知，这里是将过去和现在进行对比，说明最近作者的想法发生了变化。故选D项。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但最近我一直在想是时候改变我的祈祷了。A. attend参加；B. say说；C. change改变；D. keep保持。根据前文“my sons that their lives will be easy”以及后文“I’m praying they will be strong”可知，作者过去希望儿子生活轻松，现在祈祷他们坚强，作者的想法改变了，所以祈祷的内容也要改变。故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道我的孩子们将会遇到困难，我祈祷他们会坚强。A. hardships困难，艰难；B. misjudge误判；C. tenderness温柔；D. jobs工作。根据后文“and I’m praying they will be strong”可知，作者祈祷孩子们坚强，由此推知，他们将来会遇到困难。故选A项。
34．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们需要祈祷的是深根，这样当风吹来时，它们就不会被吹走。A. or或者；B. so所以；C. and和；D. but但是。根据前文“What we need to do is to pray for deep roots (我们要祈祷深根)”和后文“when the winds blow, they won’t be ____20____ away (风吹时树不会被吹走)”可知，前后是因果关系，深根的结果是树能抵御强风。故选B项。
35．考查动词(短语)辨析。句意：我们需要祈祷的是深根，这样当风吹来时，它们就不会被吹走。A. given away赠送，泄露；B. sent away送走；C. broken away脱离；D. swept away吹走。根据常识可知，树有了深根，在风吹来时就不会被吹走。故选D项。
36．C 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．B
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章批判了信息时代过度学习导致行动瘫痪的现象，论证了在实践中学习的重要性，提出学习与实践动态平衡的解决方案。
36．细节理解题。根据第二段中“You begin by conducting extensive research, diving deep into the subject. As you absorb more information, it paradoxically (矛盾地) feels like your understanding diminishes. Each new concept or strategy reveals further layers, making the goal seem more complex and out of reach. (你一开始会进行大量研究，深入钻研这个主题。但随着吸收的信息越多，反而会感觉自己的理解在减弱。每一个新概念或策略都会揭示出更深层的复杂性，让目标显得愈发遥不可及)”可知，信息过载引发的困惑会使人无法实现目标。故选C项。
37．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Although gaining comprehensive knowledge is valuable, that is to say there’s nothing wrong with learning a lot, issues arise when this pursuit obstructs (阻碍) practical application. (虽然获取全面的知识很有价值——也就是说，大量学习本身并没有错——但当这种追求阻碍实际应用时，问题就会出现)”和第四段中“Gather essential information, then transition into action swiftly, even if you feel somewhat unprepared. (收集必要信息后，就立即付诸行动——即便你觉得自己还没完全准备好)”可知，大量学习有可能会阻碍实际应用，因此在收集必要信息后就应该付诸行动。由此可知，作者主张毫不拖延地采取实际行动。故选B项。
38．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This is often the best way to learn, as hands-on experience provides insights that theoretical knowledge alone cannot. (这通常是最好的学习方式，因为实践经验能提供单纯理论知识无法给予的洞见)”可知，实践经验能提供更完整的理解。故选D项。
39．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The comparison to a baby learning to walk is a good example here. A baby doesn’t learn to walk by sitting and analyzing the process. Instead, it learns by attempting to walk, falling, and then understanding from each fall what works and what doesn’t. Through repeated efforts, walking is eventually mastered. (婴儿学步就是个很好的例子。孩子不是靠坐着分析走路过程来学习的，而是通过不断尝试行走、跌倒，然后从每次跌倒中领悟哪些方法可行、哪些不可行。经过反复练习，最终掌握了行走的能力)”可知，此处用婴儿通过行走、跌倒、调整来学习走路的类比，说明从行动中学习的重要性。由此可知，作者用该例证生动地解释通过行动和经验来学习。故选D项。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第四段中“An alternative and more effective approach to achieving goals is to strike a balance between learning and doing. (实现目标的另一种更有效方法，是在学习与实践之间取得平衡)”和最后一段中“It’s through the interplay of gathering knowledge and applying it that we can truly progress towards our aspirations. This balanced approach is key to overcoming the paralysis of over-learning and actively moving towards realizing your ambitions. (正是通过获取知识与实践运用的相互作用，我们才能真正向理想迈进。这种平衡之道，是克服“过度学习瘫痪症”、积极实现抱负的关键所在)”可知，文章批判了信息时代过度学习导致行动瘫痪的现象，论证了在实践中学习的重要性，提出学习与实践动态平衡的解决方案。因此，B项“学与做的和谐”概括了作者提出的解决方案，适合作为文章标题。故选B项。
41．B 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者有阅读障碍，这个问题导致他的梦想破碎，但通过别人的鼓励和自己的努力他重返教育并获得了成功。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段“In primary school, I didn’t talk to any teachers or family about this. I was clever at hiding it.(上小学的时候，我没有和任何老师或家人谈过这件事。我很聪明地隐藏了它)”可知，作者小学时隐藏了自己的问题。故选B。
42．细节理解题。根据第四段“He urged me to get back into education.(他敦促我重新回到教育领域)”和第五段的“I applied to do a medical degree at the Open University (OU).(我申请了开放大学的医学学位)”可知，作者在军队时被劝说回去念大学。故选C。
43．细节理解题。根据第五段“It was back to basics on the course. I knew the alphabet and some words, but my vocabulary was small. I paid for a tutor, who worked with me every week, teaching me to understand words through pictures.(这是回归到课程的基础。我知道字母表和一些单词，但我的词汇量很少。我花钱请了一位家庭教师，他每周都和我一起工作，教我通过图片理解单词)”可知，回去上学后作者挣扎着学习课程的基础，比如字母表和词汇等。故选A。
44．词句猜测题。根据第四段“He urged me to get back into education. I was 34.(他敦促我重新回到教育领域。那年我34岁)”和倒数第二段“It took me nine years to get that degree.(我花了九年时间才拿到那个学位)”可知，作者34岁重回教育领域，并且花了9年，也就是在自己43岁那年才拿到学位。由此可知，作者因为在较大年龄主动接受教育而获得奖励。因此embrace意为“自愿接受”。故选C。
45．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I look back and wonder how many other people have struggled with education and where they are now. I’m proof that no one should be discounted (忽视), ever.(回首往事，我想知道还有多少人在教育上挣扎，他们现在在哪里。我证明了任何人都不应该被轻视)”可知，作者通过最后一段传递的信息是：每个人在教育中都应该受到平等对待。故选C。
46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国四个适合国内探险的旅游目的地，包括景点特色、活动及住宿费用，鼓励本土旅行。
46．细节理解题。根据Lundy Island, Devon部分“It successfully raised funds to make sure of its survival in 2020. (它在2020年成功筹集了资金以确保自身的生存。)”可知，Lundy Island通过筹集资金度过了2020年的难关。故选A。
47．细节理解题。根据Snowdonia, Wales部分“You can spend the night in a tent above the waves, or make your heart beat faster by taking part in rock-climbing. (你可以在海浪之上的帐篷里过夜，或者通过参加攀岩活动让心跳加速。)”可知，在Snowdonia国家公园可以体验悬崖露营和攀岩等刺激活动。故选B。
48．细节理解题。根据Norfolk部分“You can keep social distance without difficulty in Norfolk: this flat county feels wide and empty even in the height of summer. (在诺福克，你可以毫无困难地保持社交距离：即使在盛夏，这个平坦的县也感觉宽阔而空旷。)”可知，诺福克的旅游特点是空间开阔、人少，无需担心游客拥挤。故选D。
49．细节理解题。根据Lake District, Cumbria部分“Lake District’s glassy waters and high summits, including England’s deepest lake and highest mountain, make it officially become a National Park. (湖区清澈的海水和高耸的山峰，包括英格兰最深的湖泊和最高峰，使其正式成为国家公园。)”可知，湖区有高山和深水。故选A。
50．细节理解题。根据Lundy Island, Devon部分“Four-night stay, from 123 per person. (四晚住宿，每人123英镑起。)”可知，Lundy Island四晚住宿，每人123英镑起，不适用于两天行程。根据Snowdonia, Wales部分“Cliff (悬崖) camping, from 200 per day per person; climbing from 60 per day per person. (悬崖露营，每人每天200英镑起；攀岩每人每天60英镑起)”可知，Snowdonia两天需花费520英镑。根据Norfolk部分“The Harper, from 75 a night per person. (哈珀酒店，每人每晚75英镑起。)”可知，两天150英镑。根据Lake District, Cumbria部分“From 190 a night per person. (每人每晚190英镑起。)”可知，Lake District两天380英镑。因此，对于一个人的两天旅行来说成本最低的是Norfolk。故选C。
51．B 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了牛津大学的几场活动，包括书籍讲座、心理健康系列讲座、关于园艺与心理健康的讲座以及爵士音乐会的相关信息，如时间、地点、主要内容等。
51．细节理解题。根据Book Talk: The Ages of Globalization by Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs部分中“Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs’ new book The Ages of Globalization: Geography, Technology, and Institutions and this talk explore the interactions of technology, geography, and institutions throughout human history. (Jeffrey D. Sachs教授的新书《全球化时代：地缘、技术和制度》和这次讲座探讨了人类历史上技术、地理和制度之间的相互作用。)”可知，Book Talk: The Ages of Globalization能帮助了解现代化的历史。故选B。
52．细节理解题。根据Series: Our Mental Wellness by Colin Espie, Dimitri Gavriloff, Felicity Waite部分中“The panel discussion will be chaired by Catharine Creswell (Professor of Developmental Clinical Psychology), where the audience can share their problems.(小组讨论将由发展临床心理学教授Catharine Creswell主持，观众可以在那里分享他们的问题。)”可知，小组讨论由Catharine Creswell主持。故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据Book Talk: The Ages of Globalization by Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs部分中“Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs’ new book The Ages of Globalization: Geography, Technology, and Institutions and this talk explore the interactions of technology, geography, and institutions throughout human history. (Jeffrey D. Sach教授的新书《全球化时代：地缘、技术和制度》和这次讲座探讨了人类历史上技术、地理和制度之间的相互作用。)”以及The Well-Gardened Mind by Sue Stuart-Smith部分中“Dr. Sue Stuart-Smith is a psychologist and author of The Well-Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature. In this talk, Sue will talk to us about the research and findings behind her new book, which analyses the relationship between gardening and mental health.(Sue Stuart-Smith博士是一名心理学家，也是The Well-Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature一书的作者。在这次讲座中，Sue将和我们谈论她新书背后的研究和发现，该书分析了园艺与心理健康之间的关系。)”可知，Jeffrey D. Sachs和Sue Stuart-Smith的讲座都提到了他们的新书，所以它们的共同之处是可能有助于宣传演讲者的新书。故选C。
54．细节理解题。根据The Well-Gardened Mind by Sue Stuart-Smith部分中“Dr. Sue Stuart-Smith is a psychologist and author of The Well-Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature. In this talk, Sue will talk to us about the research and findings behind her new book, which analyses the relationship between gardening and mental health.(Sue Stuart-Smith博士是一名心理学家，也是The Well-Gardened Mind: The Restorative Power of Nature一书的作者。在这次讲座中，Sue将和我们谈论她新书背后的研究和发现，该书分析了园艺与心理健康之间的关系。)”可知，Sue Stuart-Smith在讲座中主要关注园艺对心理健康的重要性。故选B。
55．细节理解题。根据St Cross College Jazz Concert by Peter Edwards部分中“Place: St Cross College (地点：圣十字学院)”、“Time:23 Oct., 19:30-20:30 (时间：10月23日，19:30-20:30)”、“The famous jazz pianist Peter Edwards will play a one-hour concert with a programme that celebrates Black composers and their huge contributions to the history of jazz music.(著名爵士钢琴家Peter Edwards将举办一场一小时的音乐会，节目旨在颂扬黑人作曲家及其对爵士音乐史的巨大贡献。)”可知，在10月23日19:30-20:30可以在圣十字学院欣赏到简短的音乐会。故选D。
56．Many unexplored places in the Sahara Desert. 57．She found it dirty and uncomfortable but interesting and unique. 58．Because the weather conditions were harsh. 59．Decide/Determine. 60．MacDonald’s spirit of bravely overcoming difficulties inspires me. I will face the difficulties in life and manage to overcome them.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了摄影师Jody MacDonald因撒哈拉沙漠尚未被探索的魅力踏上旅程，忍受恶劣条件，坚持拍摄的经历。
56．细节理解题。根据第一段中MacDonald所说的话“There are still so many unexplored areas in the Sahara Desert. These relatively unexplored places are so rare these days and hold the very fundamentals of exploration, which attract me. So finally I made the journey. (撒哈拉沙漠仍有众多未探索之地。如今这样人迹罕至的区域已十分罕见，却恰恰保留了探险最本真的魅力，这正是吸引我的地方。于是我最终踏上了这段旅程)”可知，MacDonald决定游览撒哈拉沙漠是因为这里有许多未探索的地方。故答案为：Many unexplored places in the Sahara Desert.
57．细节理解题。根据第一段中MacDonald所说的话“The train was dirty and uncomfortable but it was such an interesting and unique way to travel through the vast desert by train (这趟列车虽然肮脏又不舒适，但乘坐火车穿越广袤沙漠的体验却是如此新奇独特)”可知，MacDonald认为这趟旅程肮脏又不舒适，但新奇而独特。故答案为：She found it dirty and uncomfortable but interesting and unique.
58．细节理解题。根据第二段中MacDonald所说的话“I thought my skin was going to be torn off because of the rain and blowing sand. It felt like sandpaper on my skin. I have never experienced winds that strong before. There was once a time when I wanted to give up. (当时，我感觉自己的皮肤都要被雨点和飞沙撕裂了。粗糙的沙粒摩擦着我的皮肤，就像砂纸在打磨一样。我从未经历过如此猛烈的狂风，有那么一刻，我甚至想要放弃)”可知，MacDonald曾经想放弃旅行是因为天气状态很恶劣。故答案为：Because the weather conditions were harsh.
59．词句猜测题。画线词的上一句“She dealt with the harsh conditions by trying not to travel in the middle of the day and wore headscarves to protect herself from the sun and blowing sand. (她通过避免正午出行和佩戴头巾来应对恶劣环境，以此遮挡烈日和飞沙的侵袭)”表明因为恶劣的环境，MacDonald改变了自己出行的时间和方式，再结合画线词的上文“The weather (天气)”和下文“when and where you travel (出行的时间和地点)”可推知，天气决定了旅行时间和地点，画线词意为“决定”。故答案为：Decide/Determine.
60．开放性试题。本题答案可以是多样的，结合文章内容言之有理即可。例如，根据最后一段中“Even with all the challenges, the photographer managed to record amazing images of the beautiful but harsh landscapes of Mauritania, and its fascinating cultures and communities. (尽管面临重重挑战，这位摄影师依然成功记录下了毛里塔尼亚壮美而严酷的自然景观，以及当地迷人的文化与社区风貌)”可知，MacDonald勇敢克服困难的精神可以激励读者，让读者学会面对生活中的困难并设法克服它们。故答案可为：MacDonald’s spirit of bravely overcoming difficulties inspires me. I will face the difficulties in life and manage to overcome them.
61．As is known to all, with the increasing development of the living standard, more people focus on improving the quality of life through sports. However, many senior school students argue that it’s a waste of time to do physical exercise due to the heavy burden of study. In my experience, sports and study actually complement each other. Regular exercise boosts energy levels, allowing us to concentrate better during study sessions. Moreover, physical activities like running or playing basketball effectively relieve stress accumulated from academic pressure. To balance both, I suggest that we should set aside 30 minutes daily for moderate exercise. Simple actions like stretching between study breaks or cycling to school can make a difference. Remember, a healthy body is the foundation of efficient learning. By maintaining this balance, we can achieve both academic success and physical well-being.
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生结合自己的体会，谈一谈体育和学习之间的关系，并提出建议。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
因为：due to→owing to
另外：moreover→besides
建议：suggest→recommend
健康：well-being→health
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Regular exercise boosts energy levels, allowing us to concentrate better during study sessions.
拓展句：Regular exercise boosts energy levels, which allows us to concentrate better during study sessions.
【点睛】【高分句型1】However, many senior school students argue that it’s a waste of time to do physical exercise due to the heavy burden of study.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】To balance both, I suggest that we should set aside 30 minutes daily for moderate exercise.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和虚拟语气）
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