资源简介

/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
【素养测评】高一下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--北京卷（二)
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
Ten years ago, I had just started my first job as a Medical Representative in a small town in India—but was 1 every moment of it. I had the 2 to promote and get sales regardless of whether there was a need for my drugs or not. To make matters worse, I was 3 from my original plan of pursuing (追求) a Ph.D in biology.
All these thoughts were crowding through my mind, as I was driving my scooter around the town visiting one doctor after another.
At one of the traffic lights, I hit a red and had to wait for the signal to turn green. I noticed that there was a huge rock lying near the square—a result of somebody’s carelessness. Yet nobody thought it 4 to get out of the vehicles and move the rock to the edge of the road where it would lie, harmless.
Suddenly I noticed a young kid crawling his way across the other side of the road. He must have had a serious infection of polio (小儿麻痹症) when he was a baby. He was crawling on both his hands and 5 his body behind him.
This guy came up to the rock with a look on his face showing that he did not believe in his handicap (残疾). He was looking at that rock with 6 —as if saying to the stone “You are an instrument of my will.” He 7 to push the rock to the side of the road. I can never forget that look of pride on his face, showing that he has 8 something that able-bodied people like me were avoiding doing.
And looking at this kid for this brief time, I was reminded how small my troubles were in respect to his and how much I was worrying about them.
Since then I have never 9 . I did pursue my dream of finishing a Ph.D in the biological sciences. To that unknown messenger of hope and 10 , this is the ovation (鼓掌) I wish to give—though belatedly.
1．A．expecting B．regretting C．missing D．wondering
2．A．pressure B．desire C．pleasure D．chance
3．A．passing B．developing C．departing D．starting
4．A．difficult B．dangerous C．possible D．worthwhile
5．A．dragging B．shaping C．lifting D．folding
6．A．anxiety B．determination C．confusion D．amazement
7．A．planned B．failed C．learnt D．managed
8．A．recalled B．considered C．preserved D．accomplished
9．A．calmed down B．given up C．broken in D．worked out
10．A．cooperation B．generosity C．courage D．enthusiasm
二、语法填空
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
This wealth of ways of sharing is a response to our increasing demand for quality goods and services 11 competitive prices, all delivered at the click of a button. 12 it’s an online shop for people to hire designer clothes or a platform to rent out our flats for a couple of days, it’s out there. For both a lender and a borrower, it’s a win-win situation 13 everyone makes or saves money. We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends. What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse items, thereby 14 (cut) down on waste. And set-ups such as bike and car sharing do a further favour for the environment by reducing the number of polluting vehicles on the road.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
On Dec. 26, Gelinne was gazing out the windows of his home when he saw a small aircraft skidded (滑行) to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore. So he pulled a kayak out and got the boat across the ice. It was 15 (tire) work. When Gelinne reached the plane, it had broken through the ice and sunk; the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot out of the water 16 the man lost too much body heat. Luckily, a police officer also arrived in time, 17 (radio) for help. Soon a rescue team picked up the pilot and took him to safety.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Carlow is a charming town located in the southeastern region of Ireland. It is often referred to as a hidden gem due to its rich history, beautiful landscapes, and friendly community. Whether you are a history lover, a nature enthusiast, or someone looking for a relaxing getaway, Carlow has something to offer everyone.Historical Attractions
Carlow boasts a wealth of historical sites that date back thousands of years. The Carlow Castle, built in the 13th century, is one of the most iconic landmarks in the town. Although only the ruins remain, the castle still stands as a testament to the town’s medieval past. Another must-see site is the Carlow Gaol, a former prison that has been converted into a museum. Visitors can explore the cells and learn about the lives of the prisoners who were once held there.Natural Beauty
Nature lovers will be delighted by the stunning landscapes that surround Carlow. The town is nestled in the beautiful River Barrow valley, making it an ideal destination for walking, cycling, and fishing. The Carlow Walking Festival, held annually in May, offers a variety of guided walks that showcase the best of the town’s natural beauty. For those who prefer a more relaxing experience, a boat trip along the River Barrow is highly recommended.Cultural Events
Carlow is also known for its vibrant cultural scene. The town hosts a number of festivals and events throughout the year, including the Carlow Arts Festival in June and the Carlow Food Festival in September. These events attract visitors from all over Ireland and beyond, offering a unique opportunity to experience the town’s rich cultural heritage.Accommodation and Dining
When it comes to accommodation, Carlow offers a range of options to suit every budget. From cozy bed and breakfasts to luxurious hotels, you are sure to find a place that meets your needs. The town is also home to a variety of restaurants and cafes, where you can enjoy delicious local and international cuisine. Be sure to try the famous Carlow apples, which are used in many of the town’s dishes.Getting There
Carlow is easily accessible by both road and rail. It is located just a short drive from Dublin, making it an ideal day trip destination. The town also has a train station with regular services to Dublin and other major cities in Ireland.For More Information
For more information about Carlow and its attractions, visit the official tourism website at www.. You can also contact the Carlow Tourist Information Centre at+353(0)59 913 0100.
18．Which of the following best describes the purpose of the Carlow Gaol
A．It serves as a historical prison still in use.
B．It is a museum showcasing the history of Carlow.
C．It is a cultural center for hosting festivals and events.
D．It is a site to explore former prisoners’ lives through cell tours.
19．What can be learned about Carlow from the passage
A．Carlow is located far from major cities in Ireland.
B．Carlow has a well-developed transportation system.
C．Carlow is primarily known for its historical significance.
D．Carlow is a popular destination for international tourists.
20．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To introduce the history of Carlow.
B．To describe the natural beauty of Carlow.
C．To promote Carlow as a tourist destination.
D．To provide information on cultural events in Carlow.
B
Best Washington, D．C． Museums
Washington, D．C． has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses.
Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History
There is something for everyone at this world-famous museum. It houses so many artifacts (手工艺品) that you can’t possibly see them all in one visit. The dinosaur exhibits are fascinating and great for kids. Then there’s amazing scenery in the IMAX films.
Visiting Tip: If you are visiting with kids, be sure to have a shot at hands-on activities.
Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens
Located outside of the city, the home of George Washington is often missed. The estate is the most scenic tourist attraction in the Washington, D．C． area. The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life.
Visiting Tip: Visit the Mansion first as it is usually the most crowded.
U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum
The museum is a memorial to the millions of victims who died during World War II. The exhibits tell the horrific story of genocide and teach the dangers of hatred and prejudice. Visiting this museum is an emotional experience. The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18.
Visiting Tip: Timed passes are distributed for the same day on a first-come, first-served basis.
21．What can visitors gain by visiting Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens
A．A feast of ancient architectural art.
B．A review of American history.
C．A knowledge of real estate development.
D．An insight into George Washington’s life.
22．Which museum is unsuitable for kids
A．None of the museums.
B．Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens.
C．U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum.
D．National Museum of Natural History.
23．Where is this passage probably taken from
A．A travel journal. B．A shopping guide.
C．A sports magazine. D．An architecture report.
C
Are we worthy of special attention from advanced species in the Milky Way We may be a phenomenon as uninteresting to them as ants are to us;after all, when we’re walking down the sidewalk we rarely, if ever, examine every ant along our path.
Our sun formed at the tail end of the star formation history of the universe. Most stars are billions of years older than ours. Half of all sunlike stars host an Earth-size planet in their habitable zone, allowing for liquid water and for the chemistry of life. Since the dice of life were rolled in billions of other locations within the Milky Way under similar conditions to those on Earth, life, as we know it, is likely common. A question may arise:Where is everybody then That’s Fermi’s paradox (悖论). The silence between our neighbors and us may mean that we are not the most attention-worthy cookies in the jar.
As a first approximation (类似事物) to what humans look like, it is reasonable to glance at the mirror, for each of us shares a common genetic ancestry with all people. But this might not be the case for life that developed independently on other planets. For example, vegetation on the nearest habitable exoplanet, Proxima Centauri b. could be shockingly different from those on Earth. vegetation on the planet’s surface would adapt to harvesting infrared light, showing a “red edge” at a longer wavelength than plants on Earth. As a result, the grass in our neighbor’s yard may be dark red and not green like ours.
It is even more difficult to forecast what technologies that are billions of years old would look like. In searching for them, we must not ignore unexpected signals seen through the telescopes. If our instruments are not sensitive enough or our search techniques are inadequate, we will not discover technosignatures. Processing data without suitable machine- learning algorithms may resemble casting an ineffective fishing net that never catches fish because its holes are too big.
As we imagine new technologies, we may ultimately find the one that would allow us to detect many other species who use it. However, we should take caution with anecdotal observations that are not up to the standards of scientific evidence. This includes conspiracy theories without supporting evidence, which appear once in a while, or reports about UFOs, which do not stand up to the scrutiny of reproducibility. Since our recording devices have improved considerably over time, one would expect that a fuzzy photo taken by an old camera from 50 years ago would turn into a clear image in today’s advanced cameras, thus providing conclusive evidence beyond any reasonable doubt. To achieve scientific credibility, any finding of an unusual object must be followed by studying it or other objects of its type through well-documented scientific procedures. Scientific evidence restricts our imagination and saves us from far-fetched ideas.
Fermi’s paradox assumes we humans have some sort of cosmic significance. The reality may be that we are ordinary and doomed to disappear, just like the dinosaurs. Why would our galactic neighbors care about how green our grass is Given that dwarf stars like Proxima Centauri are much more abundant than the sun, most habitable planets might be covered with dark red grass, which would be as soothing to the infrared eyes of most exo- vacationers as green grass is to us. As a result, interstellar tourist agencies may find Proxima b to be a more attractive destination than Earth. We could wonder, as Enrico Fermi did, why no exo- tourists have shown up to admire us. But better yet, we could get in touch with Proxima b and invite the locals to visit and share a water- based drink with us.
24．According to Paragraph 1 and 2, ______.
A．liquid water is an essential resource for life to start
B．lives from other planets are planning to prey on earth
C．the solar system formed right after the universe began
D．ants by the street are easily noticed by people passing by
25．The underlined word “fish” in paragraph 4 is used to refer to ______.
A．infrared light B．Search techniques
C．UFOs passing the earth D．messages from outer space
26．The reported cases in which people claim to witness aliens ______.
A．restrict imagination. B．take place very often.
C．are yet to be verified. D．are thoroughly studied.
27．What might be the best title for the passage
A．What are lives on other planets like
B．Where do aliens live in the universe
C．When will humans be able to travel in space
D．Why would we believe our neighbors want to visit us
D
A fascinating question in human evolution is, when did we first begin to think critically In other words, when did we turn from animals focused only on the daily struggle to avoid starvation to humans who could think symbolically about the world around us However, answering this question is not easy as thinking leaves no fossils to discover.
A commonsense assumption is that higher levels of thought go hand-in-hand with verbal language, because higher thinking, such as creative thought, would naturally seek a means of expression. So tracing the development of language could give an approximate idea of when humans began to think critically.
Interestingly, we do have some fossil evidence related to speech. Animals whose larynx (voice box) is placed high in their throats are unable to produce the variety of sounds necessary for speech. Fossil bones tell us that in early humans, the larynx was originally high in the throat. However, by about 200, 000 years ago, it had moved lower in the throat. This lowering provided a larger sound chamber (the space in the throat and the mouth) in which passing air could be controlled by the tongue, making a wide range of sounds and rhythms possible.
So humans were physically able to speak around 200,000 years ago, but when did they actually start doing so Estimates range from 35,000 to 100,000 years ago. But with no physical evidence of ancient language use, we need another approach to determine more precisely when humans began to speak — and to think critically.
Professor Richard Klein of Stanford University suggests that art may be the key. After all, ability to create or appreciate art is a uniquely human trait. If ancient humans had the imagination to create a work of art (which in itself is a means of communication), then it seems highly likely that they would possess the primary means of communication: language. This suggests that the first works of art can be considered indicators of when language and critical thought began.
Until recently the earliest art was believed to be cave paintings, carved figures, and jewelry found in southwestern Europe and thought to date from about 40,000 years ago. This suggested that humans first became capable of critical thought about 40,000 years ago. However, this time frame was recently overturned by an exciting discovery in South Africa. Anthropologist Christ Henshilwood spent more than ten years exploring a cave there. He found many well-made tools, but more intriguing were the 8,000 pieces of ochre, a soft stone that can be turned into paint. Hensilwood’s breakthrough came in 1999 when he found an ochre piece with lines cut in a careful pattern. In other words, it was deliberate artistic design. Henshilwood had found the oldest piece of art yet, its date of origin set at 70,000 years — nearly 30,000 years before the art in Europe.
Based on Henshilwood’s discovery, it seems that humans began to speak and think critically at least 70,000 years ago.
28．______ made humans physically able to speak.
A．The higher thinking
B．The lowering of the larynx
C．The evolution of the tongue
D．The appearance of various sounds
29．What can be inferred from the passage
A．Humans haven’t found fossils of leaves.
B．No other animals than humans can enjoy art.
C．Without creative thought, humans would be unable to speak.
D．Evidence of ancient language use was once found in Europe.
30．According to the passage, the oldest deliberate artistic design dates back ______ to years ago.
A．30, 000 B．40, 000
C．70, 000 D．200, 000
31．Which of the following issue does the author mainly intend to deal with
A．When humans began to think.
B．When humans became able to create art.
C．How humans communicated more freely.
D．How humans stopped struggling for starvation.
第二节（共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分）
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
32 This power often leads us to think too highly of its creators. We admire artists for their creativity, often seeing their works as reflections of themselves. But what happens when we find out that an artist has done something wrong For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value
33 . On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. 34
On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator. 35 . An artwork carries cultural and historical importance, and throwing it away risks losing part of our shared history. Also, art is deeply personal — its meaning is shaped by the audience, not just the artist. By focusing on the art itself, we can appreciate its ability to uplift, entertain, and inspire, no matter the creator’s flaws.
In the end, while artists should be held responsible for their actions, their work should be judged on its own. For art, once released, no longer belongs solely to its creator. 36 . As long as it does this it deserves its place in history, separate from the mistakes of its creator.
A．As T.S. Eliot said, a work of art stands on its own.
B．Different people’s opinions towards an artist can be quite varied.
C．Consuming their art can send a message that talent excuses bad actions.
D．Art is important for human life, offering escape, inspiration, and connection.
E．Art serves a bigger purpose: to connect, empower, and reflect human experiences.
F．Understanding the time period of an artist helps us accept their flaws without excusing them.
G．This problem makes us consider the complicated relationship between an artist and their work.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节,32分）
第一节阅读表达（共4小题,共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分）
The Value of Failure in Success
In our pursuit of success, failure often seems like an unwelcome guest. We usually view failure as something negative, something to be avoided at all costs. However, failure is an inevitable(unavoidable)part of life, and it actually holds great value in our journey towards success.
Failure serves as a powerful teacher. When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset(property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.
Failure also builds resilience(toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.
Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more. After going through the hardships of failure, the taste of success becomes sweeter.
In conclusion, failure is not the end but a crucial part of the path to success. It teaches us, builds our resilience, and shapes our perspective. We should embrace failure, learn from it, and use it as a springboard to achieve greater things.
37．Why is self-reflection after failure important
38．How does failure contribute to building resilience
39．In what ways does failure change our perspective
40．Though failure can be helpful, what can we do to avoid failure as much as possible (In about 40 words.)
第二节（共20分）
41．假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校计划在五一假期组织一次主题为“邂逅自然风光，品味人文古韵”(Encounter Natural Scenery & Savor Humanistic Antiquity)的文化研学之旅，现正在校英文报面向全体学生征求研学地点。请你推荐一个并说明理由，内容包括：
1. 推荐地点；
2. 推荐理由。
注意：1. 词数不少于80词(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear editor,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
《高一北京期末2》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A C D A B D D B C
题号 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
答案 D B C D C A A D C D
题号 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
答案 B B C A D G C E A S
题号 38 39 40
答案 F F W
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．B 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述的是一位医疗代表在残疾小孩的勇气和希望激励下，重新找回自我价值和追求梦想的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：十年前，我刚开始我的第一份工作，在印度的一个小镇担任医疗代表——但我每时每刻都在后悔。A. expecting期待；B. regretting后悔；C. missing错过；D. wondering想知道。根据下文“to promote and get sales regardless of whether there was a need for my drugs or not”可知，作者很后悔干这个工作，因为无论是否有人需要作者的药，作者都需要推销。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我的药是否有需求，我都有推销和销售的压力。A. pressure压力；B. desire渴望；C. pleasure快乐；D. chance机会。根据下文“to promote and get sales regardless of whether there was a need for my drugs or not”可知，作者面临的是推销和销售药的压力。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，我偏离了攻读生物学博士学位的原计划。A. passing经过；B. developing发展；C. departing离开；D. starting开始。根据上文“To make matters worse”可知，作者没能按原计划读生物学博士学位，depart from是固定短语，意为“背离”。故选C。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，没有人认为值得下车，把石头搬到路边，这样它就可以安然无恙地躺在那里了。A. difficult困难的；B. dangerous危险的；C. possible可能的；D. worthwhile值得的。根据下文“get out of the vehicles and move the rock to the edge of the road where it would lie, harmless”可知，没有人会觉得把石头搬到路边是值得的。故选D。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他用双手匍匐着，身子拖在身后。A. dragging拖；B. shaping塑造；C. lifting举起；D. folding折叠。根据上文“He was crawling on both his hands”可知，他用双手爬，所以是拖着自己的身体。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他坚定地望着那块石头，仿佛在对那块石头说：“你是我意志的工具。”A. anxiety焦虑；B. determination决心；C. confusion困惑；D. amazement惊诧，惊奇。根据下文“You are an instrument of my will”可知，那个孩子很坚定地望着石头。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他设法把那块石头推到路边。A. planned计划；B. failed失败；C. learnt学习；D. managed设法做到。根据下文“I can never forget that look of pride on his face”可知，那个孩子是设法把石头搬到了路边，所以脸上才会有自豪。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我永远不会忘记他脸上的骄傲，这表明他已经完成了像我这样健全的人避免做的事情。A. recalled回想起；B. considered考虑；C. preserved保护；D. accomplished完成。根据上文“He___7__to push the rock to the side of the road”可知，那个孩子设法把石头搬到了路边，所以是完成了健全人避免做的事情。故选D。
9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那以后，我再也没有放弃过。A. calmed down平静下来；B. given up放弃；C. broken in闯入；D. worked out解决。根据下文“I did pursue my dream of finishing a Ph.D in the biological sciences”可知，作者追逐自己的梦想，所以是没有放弃。故选B。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于这位不为人知的希望和勇气的使者，这是我想给予的掌声——尽管来得有些迟。A. cooperation合作；B. generosity慷慨；C. courage勇气；D. enthusiasm热情。根据上文“He __7__ to push the rock to the side of the road”可知，那个残疾的孩子把石头搬到了路中间，可见他是一个有勇气的人，向作者传达了勇气。故选C。
11．at 12．Whether 13．where 14．cutting
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了共享经济模式出现的原因、具体形式以及带来的益处，包括经济上的双赢和环境方面的积极影响。
11．考查介词。句意：这种丰富多样的共享方式是为了满足我们对以有竞争力的价格获取优质商品和服务日益增长的需求，而这一切只需点击一下按钮即可实现。“at competitive prices” 是固定搭配，“at” 在这里表示 “以……”，用于描述价格、速度、比率等。故填 at。
12．考查连词。句意：无论是供人们租赁设计师服装的在线商店，还是用于出租我们公寓几天的平台，都属于共享经济的范畴。本句为“Whether...or...” 引导让步状语从句，首字母大写。故填Whether。
13．考查定语从句。句意：对于出借者和借入者来说，这是一种双赢的局面，在这种局面下每个人都能够赚钱或者省钱。“a win-win situation”是先行词，在从句中作地点状语。y用关系副词where引导限制性定语从句。故填where。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：而且，共享鼓励我们重复使用物品，由此减少浪费。上文与 “cutt down on waste” 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。即共享这种行为导致了减少浪费的结果。故填cutting。
15．tiring 16．before 17．radioing
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是格林发现飞机坠河后勇敢施救并与警方合作成功营救飞行员的故事。
15．考查形容词。句意：这是一项累人的工作。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词 work，tire的形容词为tiring意为“令人疲倦的，累人的”，常修饰物，和tired意为“感到疲倦的”，常修饰人，这里修饰work，所以用tiring。故填tiring。
16．考查状语从句。句意：格林知道他必须在那个人失去太多体温之前把他从水里救出来。根据句意可知，此处表示在体温散失之前把人救出来，应用连词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，一名警察也及时赶到，用无线电呼救。此处为非谓语动词作状语，a police officer 和 radio（用无线电通讯）之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词radioing作伴随状语。故填radioing。
18．D 19．B 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了爱尔兰东南部小镇Carlow的旅游资源和特色。
18．细节理解题。根据Historical Attractions部分中“Another must-see site is the Carlow Gaol, a former prison that has been converted into a museum. Visitors can explore the cells and learn about the lives of the prisoners who were once held there.(另一个必看景点是Carlow Gaol，这是一座已被改造成博物馆的前监狱。游客可以参观牢房，了解曾经被关押在那里的囚犯的生活)”可知，Carlow Gaol是一个通过牢房游览来探索前囚犯生活的遗址。故选D。
19．细节理解题。根据Getting There部分中“Carlow is easily accessible by both road and rail. It is located just a short drive from Dublin, making it an ideal day trip destination. The town also has a train station with regular services to Dublin and other major cities in Ireland.(Carlow通过公路和铁路都很容易到达。它距离都柏林只有很短的车程，是理想的一日游目的地。该镇还有一个火车站，有定期开往都柏林和爱尔兰其他主要城市的服务)”可知，Carlow拥有发达的交通系统。故选B。
20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Carlow is a charming town located in the southeastern region of Ireland. It is often referred to as a hidden gem due to its rich history, beautiful landscapes, and friendly community. Whether you are a history lover, a nature enthusiast, or someone looking for a relaxing getaway, Carlow has something to offer everyone.(Carlow是爱尔兰东南部一个迷人的小镇。因其丰富的历史、美丽的风景和友好的社区，它常被称为一颗隐藏的宝石。无论你是历史爱好者、自然爱好者，还是寻找放松之旅的人，Carlow都能为每个人提供一些东西。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了Carlow的历史遗迹、自然美景、文化活动、住宿餐饮和交通方式，旨在推广Carlow作为一个旅游目的地。故选C。
21．D 22．C 23．A
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区几座值得参观的博物馆。
21．细节理解题。根据Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens部分中“The historic residence is restored and decorated as it was when Washington lived there. The museum and education center features 25 state-of-the-art galleries and theaters that tell the story of Washington’s life. (这座历史悠久的住宅经过修复和装饰，恢复了华盛顿居住时的样子。博物馆和教育中心设有25个最先进的画廊和剧院，讲述华盛顿的生活故事。)”可知，游客可以通过参观Mount Vernon Estate and Gardens深入了解乔治·华盛顿的生活。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum部分中“The exhibits are not recommended for children under 18. (不建议18岁以下的儿童参观这些展品。)”可知，U. S. Holocaust Memorial Museum不适合儿童参观。故选C。
23．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由第一段“Washington, D.C. has wonderful museums that appeal to virtually any visitor’s interest. From large publicly funded institutions to small historic homes, get ready to learn a great deal and find some welcome surprises and bonuses. (华盛顿特区有许多精彩的博物馆，几乎能吸引每一位游客的兴趣。从大型的由公共资金资助的机构到小型的历史故居，做好充分学习的准备，同时还能发现一些令人惊喜的意外收获。)”可知，文章主要介绍了华盛顿特区几座值得参观的博物馆，文章可能选自一本旅游杂志。故选A。
24．A 25．D 26．C 27．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了人类在宇宙中是否值得银河系中先进物种的特别关注这一问题。文中通过分析生命存在的条件引出费米悖论，还讨论了其他星球生命的可能形态、探测外星技术的困难，以及对一些有关外星人目击报告的看法，最终认为人类可能很普通，外星游客可能对地球不感兴趣。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“Half of all sunlike stars host an Earth-size planet in their habitable zone, allowing for liquid water and for the chemistry of life. Since the dice of life were rolled in billions of other locations within the Milky Way under similar conditions to those on Earth, life, as we know it, is likely common. (在所有类似太阳的恒星中，有一半在其宜居带内拥有一颗地球大小的行星，这使得液态水和生命化学物质得以存在。由于在银河系内数十亿个与地球条件相似的地方都有可能孕育生命，我们所知的生命很可能是普遍存在的。)”可推知，液态水是生命诞生的重要资源，没有液态水生命难以产生。故选A。
25．词句猜测题。根据第四段“If our instruments are not sensitive enough or our search techniques are inadequate, we will not discover technosignatures. Processing data without suitable machine- learning algorithms may resemble casting an ineffective fishing net that never catches fish because its holes are too big. (如果我们的仪器不够灵敏，或者我们的搜索技术不够完善，我们就无法发现技术信号。没有合适的机器学习算法来处理数据，可能就像撒了一张无效的渔网，永远也捕不到鱼，因为网眼太大了。）可知，这里的 “fish” 指的是我们想要探测到的来自外太空的技术信号，也就是来自外太空的信息。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段“However, we should take caution with anecdotal observations that are not up to the standards of scientific evidence. This includes conspiracy theories without supporting evidence, which appear once in a while, or reports about UFOs, which do not stand up to the scrutiny of reproducibility. (然而，我们应该对那些不符合科学证据标准的轶事性观察持谨慎态度。这包括偶尔出现的没有证据支持的阴谋论，或者关于不明飞行物的报告，这些报告经不起可重复性的检验。)”可知，人们声称目睹外星人的报告没有达到科学证据的标准，还需要进一步验证。故选C。
27．主旨大意题。文章开篇提出 “Are we worthy of special attention from advanced species in the Milky Way (我们值得银河系中先进物种的特别关注吗？）这一问题，接着围绕这一问题展开讨论，分析了生命存在的条件、其他星球生命的可能形态、探测外星技术的困难以及对一些有关外星人目击报告的看法，最后得出人类可能很普通，外星游客可能对地球不感兴趣的结论，所以文章主要探讨的是为什么我们会认为外星邻居想要拜访我们。D “为什么我们会相信我们的邻居想要拜访我们？”为最佳标题。故选D。
28．B 29．B 30．C 31．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了人类是什么时候开始思考的。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fossil bones tell us that in early humans, the larynx was originally high in the throat. However, by about 200, 000 years ago, it had moved lower in the throat. This lowering provided a larger sound chamber (the space in the throat and the mouth) in which passing air could be controlled by the tongue, making a wide range of sounds and rhythms possible. (骨骼化石告诉我们，在早期人类中，喉头最初位于喉咙的高处。然而，到了大约20万年前，它已经移到了喉咙的下方。这种降低提供了一个更大的音腔（喉咙和嘴巴里的空间），在这个音腔里，舌头可以控制空气的通过，使大范围的声音和节奏成为可能。)”可知，喉头位置的降低使人类能够说话，故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据第五段中“After all, ability to create or appreciate art is a uniquely human trait. (毕竟，创造或欣赏艺术的能力是人类独有的特质。)”可知，创造或欣赏艺术的能力是人类独有的特质，由此推知除了人类没有其他动物能够欣赏艺术，故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Hensilwood’s breakthrough came in 1999 when he found an ochre piece with lines cut in a careful pattern. In other words, it was deliberate artistic design. Henshilwood had found the oldest piece of art yet, its date of origin set at 70,000 years — nearly 30,000 years before the art in Europe. (Hensilwood的突破出现在1999年，当时他发现了一块赭石，上面的线条被精心切割。换句话说，这是经过深思熟虑的艺术设计。Hensilwood发现了迄今为止最古老的艺术品，它的起源日期是7万年——比欧洲的艺术品早了近3万年。)”可知，最古老的经过深思熟虑的艺术设计可以追溯到7万年前，故选C。
31．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合文章首句“A fascinating question in human evolution is, when did we first begin to think critically (在人类进化过程中，一个引人入胜的问题是，我们是什么时候开始批判性思考的？)”和最后一段“Based on Henshilwood’s discovery, it seems that humans began to speak and think critically at least 70,000 years ago.(根据Henshilwood的发现，人类似乎至少在7万年前就开始批判性地说话和思考。)”可知，文章主要探讨了人类是什么时候开始思考的，故选A。
32．D 33．G 34．C 35．E 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了艺术家个人行为与其作品价值之间的复杂关系，并提出了应对这一问题的观点。
32．由下文“This power often leads us to think too highly of its creators. We admire artists for their creativity, often seeing their works as reflections of themselves. But what happens when we find out that an artist has done something wrong For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value (这种力量常常导致我们过高地评价其创作者。我们钦佩艺术家们的创造力，常常将他们的作品视为他们自身的写照。但当我们发现一位艺术家做了错事时会怎样呢？例如，如果我们得知毕加索曾虐待女性，伊妮德 布莱顿持有种族主义观点，或者查理 卓别林伤害过未成年人，他们的艺术作品会失去价值吗？)”可知，本空应该强调艺术这种力量，选项D“Art is important for human life, offering escape, inspiration, and connection. ( 艺术对人类生活很重要，它提供了逃避现实的途径、灵感以及人与人之间的联系。)”中艺术的重要性产生的影响可以解释“这种力量”，即因为艺术对人类生活有重要意义，所以会让我们对其创作者有更高的评价，能引出下文的作用，符合语境。故选D。
33．由上文“For example, if we learn that Picasso mistreated women, Enid Blyton held racist views, or Charlie Chaplin harmed minors, does their art lose its value (例如，如果我们了解到毕加索曾虐待女性，伊妮德 布莱顿持有种族主义观点，或者查理 卓别林曾伤害未成年人，那么他们的艺术作品会失去价值吗？)”可知，上文提出了“当发现像毕加索等艺术家做了错事时，他们的艺术是否失去价值”这样的问题。由下文“On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. ( 一方面，很难将艺术与艺术家分开。支持他们的作品可能会让人觉得是在支持他们的不良行为，尤其是当他们从中赚钱的时候。在当今世界，每一次点击和购买都会受到关注。)”和“On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator. ( 另一方面，艺术往往超越了它的创造者。)”可知，下文分别从两个方面论述了艺术家和他们的作品之间的复杂关系，所以本空应强调艺术家和作品这个复杂的关系引发的思考，所以选项G“This problem makes us consider the complicated relationship between an artist and their work.( 这个问题让我们思考艺术家和他们的作品之间的复杂关系。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
34．由上文“On one hand, it’s hard to separate the art from the artist. Supporting their work might feel like supporting their bad behavior, especially when they earn money from it. In today’s world, every click and purchase is noticed. (一方面，很难将艺术与艺术家分开。支持他们的作品可能会让人觉得是在支持他们的不良行为，尤其是当他们从中赚钱的时候。在当今世界，每一次点击和购买都会受到关注。)”可知，上文提到支持艺术家的作品可能会让人觉得是在支持他们的不良行为，本空应强调消费他们的艺术可能会传达一种错误的信息，选项C“Consuming their art can send a message that talent excuses bad actions. ( 消费他们的艺术可能会传达一种信息，即才华可以原谅不良行为。)”能承接上文，符合语境，是对上文的进一步解释说明。故选C。
35．由上文“On the other hand, art often goes beyond its creator.( 另一方面，艺术往往超越了它的创造者。)”和下文“An artwork carries cultural and historical importance, and throwing it away risks losing part of our shared history. Also, art is deeply personal—its meaning is shaped by the audience, not just the artist. By focusing on the art itself, we can appreciate its ability to uplift, entertain, and inspire, no matter the creator’s flaws. ( 一件艺术品具有文化和历史意义，扔掉它就有可能失去我们共同历史的一部分。此外，艺术是非常个人化的——它的意义是由观众塑造的，而不仅仅是艺术家。通过关注艺术本身，我们可以欣赏到它提升、娱乐和激励的能力，无论创作者有什么缺点。)”可知，上文提到艺术往往超越了它的创造者，下文具体解释了艺术超越了它的创造者的原因，所以本空应说明艺术的更深层次价值，选项E“Art serves a bigger purpose: to connect, empower, and reflect human experiences.( 艺术有更大的目的：连接、赋予权力和反映人类的经验。)”能承上启下，是对上文的进一步解释说明，同时引出了下文的具体原因，符合语境。故选E。
36．由上文“In the end, while artists should be held responsible for their actions, their work should be judged on its own. For art, once released, no longer belongs solely to its creator. ( 最后，虽然艺术家应该为他们的行为负责，但他们的作品应该根据作品本身来评判。对于艺术来说，一旦发布，就不再仅仅属于它的创造者。)”可知，上文提到艺术一旦发布，就不再仅仅属于它的创造者，而是应该根据作品本身来评判，本空应总结艺术的独立性，选项A“As T.S. Eliot said, a work of art stands on its own. (正如T.S.艾略特所说，一件艺术品是独立存在的。)”承接上文，是对上文的进一步强调和总结，符合语境。故选A。
37．Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future. 38．Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges. 39．Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more. 40．We can set clear goals, make detailed plans, learn from predecessors' experiences, and keep improving our abilities to avoid failure as much as possible.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了失败在通往成功的道路上具有重要价值。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“When we fail at something, we are forced to reflect on our actions. For example, if we fail an exam, we analyze what went wrong. Maybe we didn’t study the right materials, or our time- management during the exam was poor. Through this self-reflection, we can identify our weaknesses and learn from our mistakes. This newly-found knowledge becomes a valuable asset(property), guiding us to make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.(当我们在某件事上失败时，我们不得不反思自己的行为。例如，如果我们考试不及格，我们就会分析是哪里出了问题。可能是我们没有学习正确的资料，或者在考试期间时间管理不当。通过这种自我反思，我们能够认识到自己的不足，并从错误中吸取教训。这种新获得的知识成为了一笔宝贵的财富，指导我们在未来做出更好的决策并采取更有效的行动)”可知，失败后的自我反思之所以重要，是因为通过反思我们能发现自身的不足、从错误中学习，这些新知识能引导我们在未来做出更好的决策并采取更有效的行动。故答案为Self-reflection after failure is important because it enables us to identify our weaknesses and learn from mistakes, which helps us make better decisions and take more effective actions in the future.
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“Failure also builds resilience(toughness). Each time we face failure and manage to get back up, we become stronger. Take Thomas Edison as an example. He failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb. But instead of giving up, he used each failure as a stepping-stone. His perseverance in the face of repeated failures made him one of the most influential inventors in history. Similarly, when we encounter failure in our lives, whether it’s in sports, academics, or personal relationships, bouncing back from it gives us the mental toughness to handle future challenges.(失败还能培养韧性（坚强）。每当我们面对失败并设法重新站起来时，我们都会变得更强大。以托马斯·爱迪生为例。他在发明电灯之前失败了成千上万次。但他没有放弃，而是把每一次失败都当作垫脚石。他在面对反复失败时所表现出的坚持不懈，使他成为了历史上最具影响力的发明家之一。同样地，当我们在生活中遭遇失败，无论是在体育、学业还是个人关系中，从失败中恢复过来都会给予我们应对未来挑战的心理韧性)”可知，每次我们面对失败并成功重新振作起来时，我们就会变得更强大，从失败中恢复过来会给予我们应对未来挑战的心理韧性，这就是失败对建立韧性的作用。故答案为Failure contributes to building resilience by making us stronger each time we face it and manage to recover, and it gives us the mental toughness to deal with future challenges.
39．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Moreover, failure can change our perspective. It makes us more humble and less overconfident. When we experience failure, we realize that we are not invincible and that there is always room for improvement. This new perspective allows us to approach tasks with a more open—minded and realistic attitude. It also helps us appreciate success more.(此外，失败还能改变我们的视角。它让我们变得更加谦逊，不那么自满。当我们经历失败时，我们意识到自己并非不可战胜，也明白总有进步的空间。这种新的视角使我们能够以更加开放和现实的态度去面对任务。同时，它也有助于我们更加珍惜成功)”可知，失败能让我们变得更谦逊、不那么自负，让我们以更开放和现实的态度对待任务，还能帮助我们更珍惜成功，这些都是失败改变我们观点的方式。故答案为Failure changes our perspective by making us more humble and less overconfident, allowing us to approach tasks with a more open-minded and realistic attitude, and helping us appreciate success more.
40．开放性试题。本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。虽然文中未具体提及避免失败的方法，但从逻辑和常理来看，设定清晰的目标能让我们明确方向，制定详细计划有助于有条理地行动，借鉴前人经验可少走弯路，不断提升自身能力能增强应对问题的实力，这些都有助于尽量避免失败。故答案可以是We can set clear goals, make detailed plans, learn from predecessors' experiences, and keep improving our abilities to avoid failure as much as possible.
41．Dear editor,
I am Li Hua, a Grade 1 student. I would like to recommend visiting the ancient town of Pingyao for our cultural study trip.
Pingyao is a perfect blend of natural beauty and historical charm. Its well-preserved city walls and traditional architecture offer a glimpse into China’s rich cultural heritage. Additionally, the surrounding countryside provides stunning natural scenery, which makes it an ideal destination for both learning and relaxation. Exploring Pingyao will allow us to appreciate the harmony between nature and human history, enriching our understanding of Chinese culture.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校计划在五一假期组织一次主题为“邂逅自然风光，品味人文古韵”的文化研学之旅，要求考生向校英文报推荐一个研学地点并说明理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：recommend→ suggest
此外：additionally→ besides
惊人的：stunning→ amazing
理解：understanding→ comprehension
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Pingyao is a perfect blend of natural beauty and historical charm.
拓展句：Pingyao is a place where natural beauty and historical charm are perfectly blended.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Additionally, the surrounding countryside provides stunning natural scenery, which makes it an ideal destination for both learning and relaxation. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Exploring Pingyao will allow us to appreciate the harmony between nature and human history, enriching our understanding of Chinese culture. (运用了现在分词作状语)
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
【素养测评】高一下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--北京卷（二）
答题卡
姓名：______________________________________ 准考证号
选择题(请用2B铅笔填涂)
非选择题(请在各试题的答题区内作答)
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）

展开更多......

收起↑