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【素养测评】高一下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--上海卷（一）
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【素养测评】高一下学期英语期末仿真模拟卷--上海卷（一）
(试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟)
I. Listening Comprehension (25分)
Section A (每题1分，共10分)
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1．
A．Exhausted. B．Bored. C．Amazed. D．Inspired.
2．
A．Pajamas. B．Stationery. C．Cartoon books. D．A music record.
3．
A．Wear a tie to the job interview.
B．Cancel the job interview.
C．Go to the gym after the interview.
D．Change the casual clothes.
4．
A．2:00. B．2:11. C．2:46. D．2:24.
5．
A．Apply to be an editor.
B．Go on a trip.
C．Employ an editor.
D．Be a tour guide.
6．
A．The man. B．The woman. C．Linda. D．Bob.
7．
A．He is fine with having more guests.
B．He doesn’t want to make new friends.
C．He won’t throw a birthday party.
D．He will host the party by himself.
8．
A．It is easy to finish.
B．It takes a long time.
C．It is a little dangerous.
D．It often burns skin.
9．
A．In a garden. B．On a street. C．At a zoo. D．In a toy shop.
10．
A．A celebrity in their community.
B．Effective methods to write a paper.
C．Attention paid to their community service.
D．Useful ways to advertise a product.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11．A．They are ready to leave for a holiday. B．They are about to go on a picnic.
C．They are planning to live in the country. D．They are having a look around.
12．A．It was canceled because of bad weather. B．He enjoyed the scenery from the hills.
C．He didn’t go to the picnic. D．It was wonderful.
13．A．Staying in his nice dry house. B．Walking.
C．Predicting the weather. D．Fishing.
14．A．They are going to drive George’s car.
B．George is going with them.
C．They like George’s nice blue car.
D．At least George said he would like to go fishing too.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
15．A．He wants to attract more passengers. B．He wants to make his supervisors happy.
C．He sings so that the whole bus can hear. D．He can get interested audience every day.
16．A．Singing on Chicago TV. B．Being a professional singer.
C．Making people happy by singing. D．Being a happy bus driver.
17．A．He loves his job. B．His co-workers don’t like him.
C．His bus is always too crowded. D．He must earn a lot of money.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．A．White Hat. B．Blue Hat. C．Red Hat. D．Yellow Hat.
19．A．It means six different groups of people. B．It means six different thinking modes.
C．It means six problem-solving methods. D．It means six hats people use for thinking.
20．A．Green Hat is better than Black Hat.
B．Everyone should put on Black Hat in meetings.
C．People are encouraged to use all these six Thinking Hats.
D．Disagreements can be caused by different thinking modes.
Section B (每题2分，共22分)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
On the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. It’s a joke that captures the prevailing idea that you can be whoever you want online. Previous research suggested that we tailor our online interactions to hide aspects of our personality we don’t want to share. In other words, we craft our digital selves to highlight only the best bits.
But that picture may need redrawing. Recent work suggests our true colors just can’t help shining. Several studies found that Facebook behaviours accurately mirror our personality. For instance, constant updates about gym habits reveal one’s genuine unhealthy narcissism (自恋).
Now Grieve and Watkinson at the University of Tasmania may have found out why: trying to be someone you’re not carries a severe emotional and mental consequence-just as it would offline. The pair asked 164 people aged 18 to 55 to take two personality tests, one as their true selves and one as the person they thought they presented on Facebook. They found that the more people’s true selves differed from the persona (表象) they presented online, the less social connectedness they reported — and the more stress.
The findings are fascinating because they show well-established principles in psychology happening in cyberspace, says Michal Kosinski at Standford University. For example, the self-verification theory says that we would rather other people had an accurate view of who we really are than an overly positive one.
William Swann of the University of Texas was the first to show the theory. He found that employees are more likely to leave a company after getting a pay rise if they have low self-esteem, because it conflicted with their view of the world. In general, we tend to be healthier and more productive when those around us reflect how we see ourselves, even if some of those traits are not positive.
Kosinski says none of us is supposed to act any differently online versus in real life. In fact, it may be even harder to be someone you’re not when you’re online. In our offline interactions, there are more social pressures regulating how we present ourselves. What’s more, happier and less stressed people are not crafting themselves, says Kosinski, they have tailored their social network, probably to target a less diverse audience.
The finding also has implications for anonymity(匿名). There are good reasons why people hide their identity on the Internet. It lets you express yourself without consequence. But when nobody knows you’re a dog, you get none of the positive confirmation of others seeing you for who you really are. “You can’t link that secret self to your public identity”, says Grieve.
21．What does the author mean by saying “But that picture may need redrawing”
A．Trying to present our best sides online may reveal our true selves.
B．We also need to highlight our drawbacks in crafting digital identities.
C．People with different personalities have their own shining points.
D．We should get rid of the habit of merely exposing our true selves.
22．Which of the following is TRUE about the self-verification theory
A．It applies both to online contexts and real-life contexts
B．It is a novel theory but has been recognized in psychology.
C．It indicates low-esteemed people are likely to quit their jobs.
D．It indicates people’s hatred of others ’ objective remarks on them.
23．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A．Hiding identity online may boost one’s ability to express himself.
B．People may only include those similar to them into social network
C．Social network websites may lack diversity in terms of its audience.
D．You’ll surely get positive reviews from others when you post anonymously.
24．The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A．Showing our fake selves is universal B．we should display our best sides online
C．we must deal with social media carefully D．faking our online-identities doesn’t pay
B
“That’s great,” said NASA astronaut Kjell Lindgren, after he ate a piece of red lettuce that was grown in a special box. “Tastes good,” agreed the U. S. astronaut Scott Kelly, who is spending one year at the research station. “Kind of like arugula,” Scott added, then used small bottles to spread extra virgin olive oil and vinegar on his leaf, much as one might spread mustard on a hot dog.
NASA says that if space explorers can grow their own food while they are away from the earth, they would be more likely to survive the deep space exploration, which can last months or even years. With no way to resupply a spacecraft making a long journey to and from Mars, the ability to grow food during the trip will be key to survive. “For us, having the ability to grow our own food is a big step in that direction, he said.
Ray Wheeler, NASA’s lead scientist for advanced life support activities at Kennedy Space Center in Florida also said fresh foods such as tomatoes, blueberries and red lettuce could have a positive impact on people’s moods and also could provide some protection against radiation in space.
The red romaine lettuce was grown in a special plant-growing box called a Veggie unit that was built by Orbital Technologies Corporation in Madison, Wisconsin, and was flown to space aboard the Space-X Dragon cargo ship. The seeds are contained in rooting pillows, which come complete with soil and fertilizer.Since water cannot be poured in space, a special irrigation system delivers moisture to the plant pillows from below.
The seeds were ”activated“ by Scott on July 8 and grew for 33 days. On Monday, Lindgren used tongs to harvest the lettuce from its growing box, before attaching the leaves carefully to a tray. He cleaned them and handed them, in a food-safe bag, to Scott and Japanese astronaut Kimiya Yui. They saved a couple of leaves for Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Gennady Padalka, who were outside the station doing a spacewalk.
A previous crop of lettuce was grown in space last year but was not eaten by astronauts. Instead, it underwent - and passed food safety tests back on earth.
25．How did Scott do with the space-grown lettuce
A．He cooked it in a special box. B．He ate it with a kind of arugula.
C．He put some mustard on it. D．He put the virgin olive oil on it.
26．The underlined words “that direction” in the second paragraph may refer to _________.
A．the journey to and from Mars B．the way to grow food
C．the building of research station D．the ability to fly in space
27．What Ray Wheeler said means _________.
A．the lettuce is a great step enabling human travel to Mars
B．humans are not able to arrive at Mars without the lettuce
C．tomatoes are obviously better than the blueberries in size
D．radiation would be reduced if people don’t eat some lettuce
28．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The significance of growing food in space for deep space exploration.
B．The challenges of resupplying a spacecraft during long space journeys to and from Mars.
C．The process of growing red romaine lettuce in a special plant-growing box in space.
D．The importance of food safely tests for crops grown in space.
C
Fact or Myth
WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61 LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring.
YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability”.
29．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to
A．Educational features. B．Medical science.
C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads.
30．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE
A．
B．
C．
D．
31．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③
A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT
C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH
Section C (每题2分，共8分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
It is certainly difficult to make money. But should money be difficult to give away In The Gilded Age, industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie and John D．Rockefeller worried about waste and misuse; Carnegie wrote in 1889 that $950 of every $1,000 that went to charity was “unwisely spent”. 32 Donors ran lengthy application processes, provided funds and fulfilled painstaking reporting requirements. In 2006 The Economist called it “philanthrocapitalism (慈善资本主义)”.
33 The 400 richest Americans have given away just 6% of their combined fortunes, according to Forbes. At the last count in 2022, almost $1.2 trn was sitting in American private foundations and $230bn in donor-advised funds, a sort of savings account for donors. Plenty of money is being marked for charity. But it is not getting to worthy causes fast enough.
Fortunately, a new generation of donors is once again shaking up the world of big philanthropy (慈善事业). Leading the mission is MacKenzie Scott, who simplified the process of giving and is donating billions of dollars a year with few conditions. This “no-strings giving” is changing mega-donors’ long-held assumptions. 34
One is the recognition that philanthropists do not have to do everything themselves. 35 An upside of a decades-long trend for businesslike philanthropy is that armies of consultants have emerged to help donors draw up a strategy and conduct due diligence on potential recipients. Donors can team up and share the work, too.
Another lesson from the no-strings crowd is that philanthropists can trust recipients to put money to good use once the proper due diligence is in place. That means analyzing a nonprofit organization’s annual reports and interviewing its leaders and other funders.
A．It offers lessons for those struggling to get money out of the door.
B．In addition to that, her charity work is too numerous to mention.
C．However, this idea that charities’ money is wasted has been proven wrong by evidence.
D．Mega-donors no longer need to endure the trouble of setting up a foundation and hiring staff.
E．Two decades on, however, it’s become clear that all this paperwork puts the brakes on giving.
F．Around the turn of the millennium donors looked to data and rules as a way to stop waste.
III. Reading Comprehension (45分)
Section A (每题1分，共15分)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school What does it take to make you feel like your contribution in those places is truly 36 Knowing what 37 you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals.
Psychologists have a wide variety of ways of describing and 38 motivations because people care about so many different things. Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: 39 (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world). Authors Adrian Gostick and Chester Elton identified 23 motivations, including creativity, challenge and learning.
Some motivations, such as money, social position and praise, are 40 . These are the tools bosses typically use to encourage their employees to 41 . Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and 42 like one’s work is significant, come from within the person doing the action. These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be 43 .
Since a wide variety of motivations exist, it’s important to understand which ones are 44 to you. Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn’t appeal to you will make it 45 to convince yourself to work.
When choosing a career, think about what motivates you and make decisions 46 . If you are motivated by overcoming challenges, 47 a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level. In some fields, certain motivations may become a duty. 48 , managers motivated by a desire to please others may struggle to give negative feedback because they fear hurting team members’ feelings.
People motivated by external rewards sometimes struggle to meet goals they set for themselves that no one else knows about. They can 49 this problem by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable.
When you know what motivates you, you will be able to motivate yourself to do the things necessary to succeed. And if you are a 50 , knowing what motivates your team will enable you to help them do the same.
36．A．realistic B．worthwhile C．sufficient D．constant
37．A．affects B．motivates C．convinces D．challenges
38．A．distinguishing B．gaining C．inspiring D．changing
39．A．responsibility B．creativity C．learning D．achievement
40．A．temporary B．lasting C．external D．understandable
41．A．stop B．relax C．imagine D．excel
42．A．smelling B．sounding C．seeming D．feeling
43．A．looked into B．kept up C．taken away D．dealt with
44．A．persuasive B．obvious C．ordinary D．efficient
45．A．important B．difficult C．necessary D．miserable
46．A．regularly B．accordingly C．progressively D．immediately
47．A．look for B．put aside C．take down D．make up
48．A．By contrast B．In addition C．For instance D．To date
49．A．create B．identify C．solve D．consider
50．A．producer B．teacher C．doctor D．leader
四、语法填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Measure Your Stress with Fitness Trackers
Not sure if it’s time for stress management Check your watch.
Toxic stress, caused by pandemic, 51 (fuel) a wave of new stress management trackers. Offered in health monitoring devices by companies such as Fitbit, WHOOP, and others, they aim to make users more informed of stress and learn tools for handling it.
These trackers collect information on metrics such as heart rate, skin temperature, and sleep quality 52 cutting-edge sensors in smart watches, wristbands, and rings. They also continuously assess heart rate variability, or HRV, 53 is the balance between the body’s systems for ramping up to a challenge and slowing down to rest. Some, such as Google’s Fitbit, 54 (measure) electrical changes in certain sweat glands (腺体) that respond to stress and emotional arousal. This invisible “electrodermal” sweat “contains extra information about stress 55 HRV,” says Hugo Posada-Quintero, biomedical engineering professor at the University of Connecticut, “which can also be a measure of emotional responses.”
When 56 (combine), these metrics reveal psychological stress—like chronic worrying or work aggravation—that damages health and 57 otherwise escape our awareness. This so-called “unrecognized stress” is common in people with busy lifestyles.
The trackers show 58 other stressors, like exercise, are beneficial in the right amounts. 59 some physical responses to exercise resemble unhealthy stress, the trackers may distinguish good stress from bad. If you’re moving your body in specified ways, they can determine that your fast pulse is from road running, not road rage.
60 (quantify) your habits and experiences can encourage behavior changes for stress management. If you eat a large, sugary meal before bed, for example, your stress numbers go up the digestive overload increases heart rate. The sensors will further detect how the late meal disrupts sleep.
五、选词填空
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A．exported B．dumping C． equity D．driven E. bumping F. share G. unfounded H. simply I. projected J. obsessed K. supposedly
Taking a Wrong Turn
The word “overcapacity” has recently gained attention after US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen claimed that China has caused “overcapacity” in the new energy sector, including electric vehicles(EVs) and lithium batteries (锂电池).
61 put, “overcapacity”, in Yellen’s words, refers to producing too many goods, which could lead to global price distortions and affect businesses and workers in other countries. However, this viewpoint is 62 and lacks evidence.
Contrary to concerns about “overcapacity”, global production in the new energy sector is actually at “undercapacity” — production is insufficient to meet demand. Data from the International Energy Agency showed that global demand for new energy vehicles(NEVs)is 63 to reach 45 million units by 2030, 4.5 times the 2022 levels.
The idea that China has 64 new energy products at low prices is also incorrect. Chinese NEVs are sold at higher prices overseas than in China, and despite this, their sales continue to grow rapidly. Even the US magazine The Atlantic admitted, “Chinese electric vehicles are cheap, stylish, and high quality… Instead, the White House is going out of its way to keep Chinese EVs out of the US.”
These observations indicate that the pricing and sales of new energy products are 65 by international market supply and demand, rather than being only affected by the so-called “overcapacity” caused by China.
Moreover, China’s over 60 percent 66 of the global power battery market comes from its focus on technological innovation and high-quality production, not low-cost 67 .
“The purpose of technological innovation has never been to widen global differences,” Zeng Yuqun, founder and CEO of CATL, a leading company in new energy innovative technologies, told 21st Century Business Herald. “For China’s power batteries, technological innovation has 68 progress; green development has sustained growth, and technological 69 is the goal,” Zeng added.
While China focuses on innovation and quality, the US is 70 with a “100-percent Made in America” goal. The Biden administration plans to subsidize (补贴) US businesses and promote the use of domestic materials to achieve this goal.
六、书面表达
71．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 70 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Dumb phones (非智能手机) are making a comeback
It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days. Nine in ten American adults own one, and they spend 3 hours and 45 minutes on them a day, on average. New versions updated with artificial intelligence may be even harder to put down.
Yet a market is also growing for phones that are simple-designed. These dumb phones account for just 2% of phone sales in America. But demand is growing. In 2016, a Finnish firm bought the rights to relaunch the devices of Nokia, which is now selling “tens of thousands” of flip-phones (翻盖式手机) a month in America.
Dumb phones today do not only copy those of the past, though. Startups offer simple-designed devices of their own. One example is the Light Phone, which is shaped like an iPod and has an e-ink screen like a Kindle. It also allows users to add optional “tools” including a podcast-player and a directions app.
What explains the return of the dumb phone One factor is anxiety over the impact of smartphones — and social-media apps in particular — on young people’s mental health. That is why Eton, a well-known British school, announced in July that it would bar its future prime ministers from bringing smartphones to school, and would provide them with Nokia phones instead.
But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones of their own free will. Jose Briones, who hosts a conference focused on dumb phones on Reddit, a social-media site, switched to the Light Phone after growing alarmed at his rising screen-time record. Like many new comers, he still keeps a smartphone for situations such as travelling abroad. Other smartphone addicts are instead choosing to simplify their devices, either by deleting apps or downloading ones that control screen time, of which there are a growing number.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、翻译
72．昨天晚上我和室友因为公共区域的杂乱无章大吵了一架，但今天早上我们解决了这个 问题。(row) (汉译英)
73．得益于科技的迅猛发展，在线学习越来越受欢迎，学生们得以订阅那些由全球知名教授授课的教育平台，进而拓宽自身的知识视野。 (thanks to) (汉译英)
74．当有顾客来投诉时，这家店的老板根本不予重视。（seriously）
75．你操练得越多，你的英语口语提高得就越快。 （the more…, the more…）
八、书信写作
76．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
你是高三学生李华，你所属的学校本学期实行午餐自助餐制（buffet lunch），目前发现了食物浪费和饮食不均衡等问题，有人建议取消自助餐制。给校长写电子邮件，谈谈你的看法。邮件中必须包括：
1. 你是否赞成取消自助餐制；
2. 你的理由；
3. 如赞成，你建议的新就餐形式/如反对，你建议的改进措施。
（邮件中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B D D B D A C C C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C D B D C A A B D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A A B D D A A A B D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 C F E A D B B A D C
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D D C A B B A C C D
1．B
【原文】M: Was the book exhibition interesting
W: I wish I hadn’t bought the ticket. Everything’s dear. There was only “interest”, nothing interesting.
Q: How does the woman feel about the exhibition
2．B
【原文】W: Lily’s birthday party is around the corner. I want to buy her a pair of pajamas.
M: Sounds good, but I think pens and notebooks with cartoon patterns are more appealing to her.
Q: What does the man suggest the woman buy for Lily
3．D
【原文】M: I’m going to the job interview straight from the gym.
W: In those casual clothes You should reconsider.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do
4．D
【原文】M: Hi, which platform does the next train to London leave from
W: It leaves from Platform 2 at 2:35 pm. So there’s still eleven minutes left.
Q: What time is it now
5．B
【原文】M: Jenny, there’s an opening for an editor in the publishing house. You should give it a try.
W: Thank you, but I’ve decided to take 2 months off work and have a tour in Europe.
Q: What will the woman do
6．D
【原文】W: I still can’t believe our work barbecue was stopped this year.
M: It’s been months. It’s time to forgive and forget. Linda said our manager Bob had financial difficulties.
Q: Who stopped the work barbecue
7．A
【原文】W: Dan, do you mind if I bring some new friends to your birthday party One of them can even host the party.
M: Not at all. The more, the merrier.
Q: What does the man imply
8．C
【原文】W: Remember to bring a mask to the lab. We will conduct a chemical experiment tomorrow.
M: Thank you for reminding me. Last time I did the experiment, I almost burned my skin.
Q: What can we infer about the experiment
9．C
【原文】M: Excuse me, where is the Giraffe House
W: Walk along the path and you will see many brown giraffes beside the Insect House.
Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place
10．C
【原文】M: Wow, our community service has hit the headlines. I think more people will join us!
W: I have read about it in the paper. This is the best advertisement for us!
Q: What are the two speakers mainly talking about
11．B 12．C 13．D 14．B
【原文】M: Hi, Linda, are you ready to go Just the right weather for a picnic, isn't it
W: Yes, we’re lucky.
M: I’ll say we are! Do you know, last time we planned a picnic it rained. Some of us started, and they got soaked. I was one of the wise ones ... had one look at the sky and stayed right where I was ... in my nice dry house.
W: Who’s picking us up
M: George... at least he said he would. I’m going to do a bit of fishing myself. What are you going to do
W: I’m going to take a walk and have a look around.
M: Good idea. Not a bad place to enjoy the scenery. There are some wonderful views from the hills around. But no walking for me. I’ll stick to fishing.
W: Well, I like walking.
M: I hear a car outside. I guess it must be George.
W: Yeah. It’s him. That’s his nice blue car. I’d know it anywhere.
Questions:
1. What are the two speakers going to do
2. What does the man say about the last picnic
3. What does the man love doing
4. Why do they mention George in the conversation
15．D 16．C 17．A
【原文】
I once heard a story about a bus driver in Chicago.
He sings while he drives. That’s right ... sings! And I don’t mean he sings softly to himself, either. He sings so that the whole bus can hear! All day long he drives and sings.
He was once interviewed on Chicago television. He said that he is not actually a bus driver “I’m a professional singer,” he asserted. “I only drive the bus to get a captive audience every single day.”
His “happiness” is not driving a bus, though that may be a source of enjoyment for some people. His happiness is singing. And the supervisors of the Chicago Transportation Company are perfectly happy about the whole arrangement. You see, people line up to ride his bus. They even let other buses pass by so they can ride with the “singing bus driver”. They love it!
Here is a man who believes he knows why he was put here on earth. For him, it is to make people happy. And the more he sings, the more people he makes happy! He has found a way to combine his purpose in living with his occupation. By following his happiness, he is actually living the kind of life he believes he is meant to live.
Not everybody can identify a purpose in life. But when you do, and when you pursue it, you will be living the kind of life you feel you are meant to live. And what’s more, you will be happy.
Questions:
1. Why does the driver sing while he drives
2. What is his purpose in life
3. What can we infer from this bus driver’s story
18．A 19．B 20．D
【原文】
Do you know why we sometimes argue and don’t agree with each other in meetings
A researcher of thinking suggests that it may be because we think in different thinking modes. He once proposed a method for solving problems in meetings. He called his method the Six Thinking Hats Method. It is designed to encourage people to think in one thinking mode at a time.
He identifies six thinking modes. To begin with, he suggests that people put on a different hat each time they enter a different thinking mode. His six thinking hats are:
White Hat-used for presenting facts, figures and information.
Red Hat-used for talking about emotions, feelings and intuition.
Black Hat-used when making a negative judgment, giving reasons for a plan not working.
Yellow Hat-used for giving positive, constructive ideas.
Green Hat-used for making creative, imaginative, exciting suggestions.
Blue Hat-used for controlling the process, thinking about thinking.
This researcher believes that if everyone uses one thinking mode at the same time, for example, if everyone puts on Black Hat at the same time in a meeting, there is less argument and problems are solved more rapidly.
Questions:
1. Which hat is used for presenting information
2. What does the Six Thinking Hats Method mean
3. What can we learn from this passage
21．A 22．A 23．B 24．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人们在网络上展示的自我与真实自我之间的差异，以及这种差异对个人社交联系和压力的影响，同时提到了自我验证理论，并强调了在网络上保持真实自我的重要性。
21．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Previous research suggested that we tailor our online interactions to hide aspects of our personality we don’t want to share. In other words, we craft our digital selves to highlight only the best bits.(先前的研究表明，我们会调整我们的网络互动，以隐藏我们不想分享的个性方面。换句话说，我们打造我们的数字自我，只突出最好的部分。)”和第二段“Recent work suggests our true colors just can’t help shining. Several studies found that Facebook behaviours accurately mirror our personality.(最近的研究表明，我们的真面目是掩盖不住的。几项研究发现，Facebook上的行为准确地反映了我们的个性。)”可知，作者说“But that picture may need redrawing”意思是“试图在网上展示我们最好的一面可能会暴露我们的真实自我”。故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据第四段“The findings are fascinating because they show well-established principles in psychology happening in cyberspace, says Michal Kosinski at Stanford University. For example, the self-verification theory says that we would rather other people had an accurate view of who we really are than an overly positive one.(斯坦福大学的米哈尔·科辛斯基表示，这些发现非常有趣，因为它们显示了网络空间中发生的心理学中已确立的原理。例如，自我验证理论认为，我们宁愿别人对我们有准确的看法，而不是过于积极的看法。)”和第五段“William Swann of the University of Texas was the first to show the theory. He found that employees are more likely to leave a company after getting a pay rise if they have low self-esteem, because it conflicted with their view of the world.(德克萨斯大学的威廉·斯旺是第一个提出这一理论的人。他发现，如果员工自尊心低，他们在加薪后更有可能离开公司，因为这与他们的世界观相冲突。)”可知，自我验证理论既适用于网络环境，也适用于现实生活环境。故选A。
23．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“What’s more, happier and less stressed people are not crafting themselves, says Kosinski, they have tailored their social network, probably to target a less diverse audience.(此外，科辛斯基说，更快乐、压力更小的人并不是在塑造自己，他们定制了自己的社交网络，可能是为了针对一个不那么多样化的受众。)”可推断出，人们可能只会把和他们相似的人纳入社交网络。故选B。
24．主旨大意题。文章开头提到先前的研究认为人们在网上会展示自己最好的一面，但随后的研究发现，人们在网上的行为会准确地反映出他们的个性，接着通过一项研究说明了在网上伪装自己会带来严重的情感和心理后果，然后提到了自我验证理论，最后强调了在网络上保持真实自我的重要性，由此可知，短文主要告诉我们伪造我们的网络身份是不值得的。故选D。
25．D 26．A 27．A 28．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太空中种植出了莴苣，这是太空旅程的重要一步。
25．细节理解题。根据第一段““Kind of like arugula,” Scott added, then used small bottles to spread extra virgin olive oil and vinegar on his leaf, much as one might spread mustard on a hot dog.(“有点像芝麻菜，”斯科特补充说，然后用小瓶把特级初榨橄榄油和醋涂在他的叶子上，就像人们在热狗上涂芥末一样)”可知，斯科特在把初榨橄榄油涂在太空种植的莴苣上面。故选D。
26．词句猜测题。根据第二段“NASA says that if space explorers can grow their own food while they are away from the earth, they would be more likely to survive the deep space exploration, which can last months or even years. With no way to resupply a spacecraft making a long journey to and from Mars, the ability to grow food during the trip will be key to survive.(美国国家航空航天局表示，如果太空探险者能够在远离地球的时候自己种植食物，他们将更有可能在持续数月甚至数年的深空探索中生存下来。由于没有办法为往返火星的长途旅行的航天器提供补给，在旅途中种植食物的能力将是生存的关键)”可知，有能力种植自己的食物是往返火星的旅程的重要一步。故划线词指的是“往返火星的旅程”。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段“Ray Wheeler, NASA’s lead scientist for advanced life support activities at Kennedy Space Center in Florida also said fresh foods such as tomatoes, blueberries and red lettuce could have a positive impact on people’s moods and also could provide some protection against radiation in space.(美国宇航局在佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心负责高级生命支持活动的首席科学家雷·惠勒还说，西红柿、蓝莓和红生菜等新鲜食物对人的情绪有积极影响，还能在一定程度上防止太空辐射)”可知，雷·惠勒的话意味着莴苣是人类前往火星的重要一步。故选A。
28．主旨大意题。根据第一段““That’s great,” said NASA astronaut Kjell Lindgren, after he ate a piece of red lettuce that was grown in a special box. “Tastes good,” agreed the U. S. astronaut Scott Kelly, who is spending one year at the research station. “Kind of like arugula,” Scott added, then used small bottles to spread extra virgin olive oil and vinegar on his leaf, much as one might spread mustard on a hot dog. (“太棒了，”美国宇航局宇航员谢尔·林格伦吃了一片种在一个特殊盒子里的红生菜后说。“味道很好，”在研究站待了一年的美国宇航员斯科特·凯利表示赞同。“有点像芝麻菜，”斯科特补充说，然后用小瓶把特级初榨橄榄油和醋涂在他的叶子上，就像人们在热狗上涂芥末一样)”结合文章主要说明了太空中种植出了莴苣，这是太空旅程的重要一步。可知，这篇文章的主旨是在太空中种植食物对深空探索的意义。故选A。
29．B 30．D 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍三个关于身体的传言并鉴定其真假。
29．推理判断题。由文章第一个方框中“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH(叫醒梦游症对他们的健康有害)”；第二方框中“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE(仰卧会使你打鼾更多)”和第三个方框中“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN(你只用了你大脑的10%)”可知，这些都是关于身体方面的一些知识，所以可能出现在报纸“医学”版块。故选B项。
30．细节理解题。由文章LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE中“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”并结合选项可知，D选项图片最好的描述了打鼾的原理。故选D项。
31．推理判断题。由第一方框“As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion.(至于叫醒梦游者的后果，没有证据表明这会伤害或伤害他，但可能会导致定向障碍和混乱。)”可知，第一个传言“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH(叫醒梦游者对他们的健康有害)”是不真实的事（MYTH）；由第二个方框“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”可知，第二个传言“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE(仰卧会使你更容易打鼾)”是事实（FACT）；第三个方框中“However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders(气缸)and not limited to just ten percent of its power.(然而，事实是，你的大脑正在全速运转，而不仅仅局限于10%的能量。)”可知，第三个传言“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN(你只使用了大脑的十分之一)”是不真实的事（MYTH）。故选C项。
32．F 33．E 34．A 35．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慈善资本主义的弊端，以及新的一代的慈善家是如何进行慈善事业的。
32．根据上文“In The Gilded Age, industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller worried about waste and misuse; Carnegie wrote in 1889 that $950 of every $1,000 that went to charity was “unwisely spent”.”（在镀金时代，安德鲁·卡内基(Andrew Carnegie)和约翰·D·洛克菲勒(John D. Rockefeller)等实业家担心浪费和滥用；卡内基在1889年写道，捐赠给慈善机构的每1000美元中，有950美元“花得不明智”。）提到担心浪费和滥用捐赠的钱。以及下文“Donors ran lengthy application processes, provided funds and fulfilled painstaking reporting requirements.”（捐助者进行了漫长的申请程序，提供资金并完成了繁琐的报告要求。）提到提供资金并完成繁琐的报告要求。结合选项F项Around the turn of the millennium donors looked to data and rules as a way to stop waste.（在千禧年前后，捐赠者希望通过数据和规则来阻止浪费。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
33．根据下文“The 400 richest Americans have given away just 6% of their combined fortunes, according to Forbes.”（根据福布斯的数据，美国最富有的400人只捐出了他们财富总额的6%。）提到最富有的400人只捐出了他们财富总额的6%。结合选项E项Two decades on, however, it’s become clear that all this paperwork puts the brakes on giving.（然而，二十年过去了，很明显，所有这些文书工作都阻碍了捐赠。）可知，和下文内容紧密连接，下文是对空格处内容的具体说明，符合语境。故选E项。
34．根据上文“This “no-strings giving” is changing mega-donors’ long-held assumptions.”（这种“无条件捐赠”正在改变巨额捐赠者长期以来的假设。）提到无条件捐赠这个概念。结合选项A项It offers lessons for those struggling to get money out of the door.（它为那些挣扎着把钱带出家门的人提供了教训。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选A项。
35．根据上文“One is the recognition that philanthropists do not have to do everything themselves.”（其一是认识到慈善家不必事事亲力亲为。）提到慈善家不必事事亲力亲为。以及下文“An upside of a decades-long trend for businesslike philanthropy is that armies of consultants have emerged to help donors draw up a strategy and conduct due diligence on potential recipients.”（商业慈善事业几十年来的趋势的一个好处是，顾问大军已经出现，帮助捐赠者制定战略，并对潜在的接受者进行尽职调查。）结合选项D项Mega-donors no longer need to endure the trouble of setting up a foundation and hiring staff.（超级捐赠者不再需要忍受设立基金会和雇佣员工的麻烦。）可知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，起到上下文的承上启下作用。故选D项。
36．B 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C 41．D 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．B 47．A 48．C 49．C 50．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是理解和识别个人动机的重要性，以及这些动机如何影响我们的工作、学习和职业生涯选择。
36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怎样才能让你觉得你在这些地方的贡献是真正值得的？A. realistic现实的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. sufficient足够的；D. constant持续不断的。根据下文“help you find meaning in your work”可知，此处表示“让你觉得你在这些地方的贡献是真正值得的”。故选B。
37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道是什么激励着你可以帮助你找到工作的意义，并努力实现你的目标。A. affects影响；B. motivates激励；C. convinces使信服；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school”可知，此处是说知道是什么激励你。故选B。
38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家有各种各样的方法来描述和区分动机，因为人们关心的事情太多了。A. distinguishing区分；B. gaining得到；C. inspiring激励；D. changing改变。根据下文“identified three main motivations”可知，心理学家用各种各样的方法来区分动机。故选A。
39．考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家David McClelland确定了人们的三个主要动机：成就（成功的感觉），隶属关系（亲密关系）和权力（影响世界的能力）。A. responsibility责任；B. creativity创造力；C. learning学习；D. achievement成就。根据下文“the feeling of success”可知，给人带来成功的感觉的应该是成就感。故选D。
40．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些动机，如金钱、社会地位和表扬，是外在的，这些是老板通常用来鼓励员工超越的工具。A. temporary暂时的；B. lasting持久的；C. external外部的；D. understandable可理解的。根据上文“money, social position and praise”可知，金钱、社会地位和表扬都是外在的。故选C。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些动机，如金钱、社会地位和表扬，是外在的，这些是老板通常用来鼓励员工超越的工具。A. stop停止；B. relax放松；C. imagine想象；D. excel超过，胜过。根据上文“money, social position and praise”可知，金钱、社会地位和表扬是老板用来鼓励员工超越的工具。故选D。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他动机，包括乐趣、个人成长和感觉自己的工作很重要，都来自于做这件事的人的内心。A. smelling闻；B. sounding听起来；C. seeming似乎；D. feeling感觉。根据下文“like one’s work is significant”可知，此处表示感觉自己的工作很重要。故选D。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些理想，被称为内在动机，往往比外在动机更可靠，因为它们代表着永远不能被带走的东西。A. looked into调查；B. kept up保持；C. taken away拿走；D. dealt with处理。根据上文“fun, personal growth”，“one’s work is significant”和“These ideals, called internal motivations”可知，乐趣、个人成长和感觉自己的工作很重要这些内在的动机是不能被带走的。故选C。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于存在各种各样的动机，了解哪些动机对你有说服力是很重要的。A. persuasive有说服力的；B. obvious明显的；C. ordinary普通的；D. efficient高效的。根据上文“it’s important to understand which ones are”和下文“convince yourself to work”可知，了解哪些动机对你有说服力是很重要的。故选A。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试图用一种不吸引自己的方式来激励自己，会让你很难说服自己去工作。A. important重要的；B. difficult困难的；C. necessary需要的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn’t appeal to you will make it”和下文“convince yourself to work”可知，用一种不吸引自己的方式来激励自己，会让你很难说服自己去工作。故选B。
46．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在选择职业时，想想是什么激励着你，然后做出相应的决定。A. regularly有规律地；B. accordingly相应地；C. progressively渐进地；D. immediately立刻。根据上文“think about what motivates you and make decisions”可知，想清楚了是什么激励你，这样才能相应地做出决定。故选B。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你有克服挑战的动力，那就找一份能让你不断努力达到更高水平的工作。A. look for寻找；B. put aside暂时搁置，不考虑；C. take down记下；D. make up编造。根据上文“When choosing a career”和下文“a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level”可知，此处表示如果你想克服挑战，那么就找一份能让你不断努力达到更高水平的工作。故选A。
48．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，出于取悦他人的动机，管理者可能很难给出负面反馈，因为他们害怕伤害团队成员的感情。A. By contrast相比之下；B. In addition另外；C. For instance例如；D. To date到目前为止。根据下文“managers motivated by a desire to please others may struggle to give negative feedback because they fear hurting team members’ feelings”可知，空后是举的具体的一个例子。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可以通过为自己的个人目标创造外部奖励来解决这个问题，比如找一个朋友来监督自己。A. create创造；B. identify鉴别；C. solve解决；D. consider考虑。根据下文“by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable”可知，他们是通过为自己的个人目标创造外部奖励来解决这个问题。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个领导者，知道什么能激励你的团队，你就能帮助他们做到同样的事情。A. producer生产商；B. teacher老师；C. doctor医生；D. leader领导者。根据下文“motivates your team”可知，此处是假设你是一个领导者。故选D。
51．has fueled 52．with 53．which 54．measure 55．beyond 56．combined 57．may/might 58．that 59．Although/Though/While 60．Quantifying
【导语】本文属于说明文。文章主要介绍了健身追踪器如何帮助用户监测和管理压力，通过介绍其工作原理、测量的生理指标以及如何通过数据鼓励用户采取减压措施，展现了科技产品在健康管理领域的应用。
51．考查现在分词。句意：由疫情引发的有毒压力，推动了一波新的压力管理追踪器的出现。fuel“推动，加强，刺激”。句子描述的是过去到现在的一个持续影响，所以时态使用现在完成时，主语Toxic stress为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has fueled。
52．考查介词。句意：这些追踪器利用智能手表、腕带和戒指中的尖端传感器收集心率、皮肤温度和睡眠质量等指标的信息。本空用介词with“利用”，表示使用某种工具或手段。故填with。
53．考查定语从句。句意：他们还持续评估心率变异性，即HRV，这是身体系统在迎接挑战和减速休息之间的平衡。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是HRV，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
54．考查动词时态。句意：一些追踪器，如Google的Fitbit，测量某些对压力和情绪唤醒有反应的汗腺的电变化。measure“测量”。本句描述一般事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为Some，故谓语用动词原形。故填measure。
55．考查介词。句意：这种看不见的“皮肤电”汗液，康涅狄格大学生物医学工程教授雨果·波萨达-金特罗说：“包含了心率变异之外的额外压力信息，这也可以作为情绪反应的衡量标准。”本空用介词beyond“超出”，表示超出HRV之外还有额外的信息。故填beyond。
56．考查状语从句省略。句意：当这些指标结合在一起时，它们揭示了损害健康的心理压力，比如长期的忧虑或工作加剧的压力，这些压力可能逃过我们的意识。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中When引导的时间状语从句完整句子为When these metrics are_____ (combine)，these metrics与combine“（使）结合”为被动关系，用are combined，作谓语，省略these metrics are，保留过去分词。故填combined。
57．考查情态动词。句意：当这些指标结合在一起时，它们揭示了损害健康的心理压力，比如长期的忧虑或工作加剧的压力，这些压力可能逃过我们的意识。本空用情态动词may或minght“可能”，表示这种压力有可能逃过我们的注意。故填may或might。
58．考查宾语从句。句意：追踪器显示其他压力源，如锻炼，在适量的情况下是有益的。本空引导宾语从句，作show的宾语，从句中不缺少成分或含义，用that引导。故填that。
59．考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管某些锻炼引起的生理反应类似于不健康的应激反应，但追踪器可以区分好压力和坏压力。前后句意存在转折关系，应用although/though/while“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
60．考查非谓语动词。句意：量化你的习惯和经历可以鼓励你改变管理压力的行为。本句谓语为can encourage，此处为非谓语动词，本空用quantify“量化”的动名词，作主语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Quantifying。
61．H 62．G 63．K 64．A 65．D 66．F 67．B 68．I 69．E 70．J
【导语】这是一篇议论文。讲述了美国财政部长珍妮特·耶伦声称中国造成了包括电动汽车和锂电池在内的新能源领域的“产能过剩”。针对这一问题，作者从全球新能源产品市场经济、全球动力电池技术以及技术创新的目的等方面阐述了“产能过剩”这一论点的毫无根据可言。
61．考查副词。句意：简单地说，用耶伦的话来说，“产能过剩”是指生产过多的商品，这可能导致全球价格扭曲，并影响其他国家的企业和工人。分析句子可知，空格处需要副词充当状语修饰动词put，表示的意思是“简单地”，simply符合句意。故选H项。
62．考查形容词。句意：然而，这种观点是没有根据的，也缺乏证据。分析句子可知，空格处为表语，根据后文的lacks evidence，可知此处缺少的意思是“毫无根据的”，unfounded符合句意。故选G项。
63．考查副词。句意：国际能源署的数据显示，到2030年，全球对新能源汽车的需求预计将达到4500万辆，是2022年水平的4.5倍。根据后文“reach 45 million units by 2030, 4.5 times the 2022 levels”可知，这是一种预测，空格处缺少的意思是“据推测”，supposedly符合句意。故选K项。
64．考查动词。句意：认为中国以低价出口新能源产品的观点也是不正确的。根据后文“Chinese NEVs are sold at higher prices overseas than in China”可知，空格处表示的意思是“出口”，exported符合句意。故选A项。
65．考查动词。句意：这些观察结果表明，新能源产品的定价和销售是由国际市场供求驱动的，而不仅仅受到所谓的中国“产能过剩”的影响。根据常识可知，市场决定了产品的价格和销售。结合句意及后文“affected by(受……影响)”可知，空格处需要的意思是“驱动，驱使”，driven符合句意。故选D项。
66．考查名词。句意：此外，中国在全球动力电池市场超过60%的份额来自于其对技术创新和高质量生产的关注，而不是低成本倾销。根据“the global power battery market”可知，空格处为“份额”，share符合句意。故选F项。
67．考查动名词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处的意思是“倾销”，dumping符合句意。故选B项。
68．考查动词。句意：“对于中国的动力电池来说，技术创新预示着进步；绿色发展持续增长，技术进步是我们的目标，”Zeng说。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，需要的意思是“预示着，预计”， projected符合句意。故选I项。
69．考查动名词。句意同上题。根据上文“green development has sustained growth”可知，我们的目标是技术进步，bumping“颠簸行进”符合句意。故选E项。
70．考查动词。句意：当中国专注于创新和质量时，美国却痴迷于“100%美国制造”的目标。根据下文“The Biden administration plans to subsidize (补贴) US businesses and promote the use of domestic materials to achieve this goal.”可知，美国痴迷于“100%美国制造”的目标，be obsessed with“痴迷于”，obsessed符合句意。故选J项。
71．
Non-smart phones are regaining popularity. Although smart phones are prevalent, the demand for non-smart phones is growing, with both re-launched old models and new designs. One factor is anxiety about smart phone impacts on young people’s mental health. The other factor is that plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones of their own free will.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。非智能手机正重新流行。尽管智能手机普及，但非智能手机需求在增长，不仅有复刻款，还有新创品牌。其回归原因包括对智能手机危害的担忧，以及年轻人和成年人都有选择非智能手机的情况。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①Dumb phones (非智能手机) are making a comeback
②It is hard to imagine life without a smartphone these days.
③But demand is growing.
④Dumb phones today do not only copy those of the past, though. Startups offer simple-designed devices of their own.
⑤One factor is anxiety over the impact of smartphones — and social-media apps in particular — on young people’s mental health.
⑥But plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones of their own free will.
2.缜密构思将第2、3、4三个要点进行重组，将第5、6两个要点进行重写。
3.遣词造句
Dumb phones are making a comeback
Despite prevalence of smart phones, the demand for non-smart phones is growing, with both re-launched old models and new designs.
One factor is anxiety about smart phone influences on young people’s mental health.
The other reason is that many grownups are also choosing dumb phones of their own free will.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Although smart phones are prevalent, the demand for non-smart phones is growing, with both re-launched old models and new designs.(运用although引导的让步状语从句对第一段和第二段进行总结，表达高级)
[高分句型2] The other factor is that plenty of grownups are also choosing dumb phones of their own free will.(用that引导的表语从句对最后一段进行概括，表达高级)
72．I had a row with my roommate last night over the mess in our common/shared area, but we resolved the issue this morning.
【详解】考查并列句、动词和固定短语。句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。表示“和室友大吵了一架”应用动词短语had a row with my roommate，其中had是动词have的过去式，与“last night”这一时间状语相匹配，表示过去发生的事情；其中a row是名词短语，作宾语，意为“一场争吵”；with my roommate为介词短语，意为“和我的室友”；表示“因为公共区域的杂乱无章”应用介词短语over the mess in our common/shared area，其中over是介词，表示原因或关于某事；the mess是名词短语，意为“杂乱无章”，作宾语；in our common/shared area是介词短语作定语，修饰the mess，意为“在我们的公共区域”；表示“解决了这个问题”应用动词短语resolved the issue，其中resolved是动词resolve的过去式，与“this morning”这一时间状语相匹配，表示今天早上发生的事情；the issue是名词短语，作宾语，意为“问题”。前后两部分为并列句，表转折，用连词but连接。故翻译为I had a row with my roommate last night over the mess in our common/shared area, but we resolved the issue this morning.
73．Thanks to the rapid development of technology, online learning is becoming increasingly popular. Students are able to subscribe to educational platforms that/which offer courses taught by renowned professors from around the world, thereby broadening their knowledge horizons.
【详解】考查固定短语、时态、非谓语动词。表示“幸亏，归因于”用固定短语thanks to，句首单词首字母大写。表示“科技的迅猛发展”用the rapid development of technology，作Thanks to的宾语。表示“在线学习”用online learning，作主语。表示“变得”用become，描述正在发生的事情，时态用现在进行时，谓语用is becoming；表示“越来越受欢迎”用increasingly popular。表示“使某人能够做某事”用enable sb. to do sth.，用现在分词enabling，作状语。表示“学生们”用students，作enabling的宾语。表示“订阅”用固定短语subscribe to，用不定式，作宾补。表示“教育平台”用educational platforms，作subscribe to的宾语。表示“由全球知名教授授课的”即“提供由世界各地著名教授教授的课程”，用that引导的定语从句。定语从句中：先行词是platforms，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导；表示“提供”用offer，作谓语；表示“课程”用course的复数，作offer的宾语；表示“教”用teach，与courses为被动关系，用过去分词，作后置定语；由by引出发出动作者；表示“来自世界各地的著名教授”renowned professors from around the world。表示“从而，由此”用thereby。表示“拓宽自身的知识视野”用broaden their knowledge horizons，用现在分词，作状语。故翻译为Thanks to the rapid development of technology, online learning is becoming increasingly popular. Students are able to subscribe to educational platforms that/which offer courses taught by renowned professors from around the world, thereby broadening their knowledge horizons.
74．When customers complain, the shop owner doesn’t take it seriously.
【详解】考查副词、动词和时间状语从句。句子讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时，“当有顾客来投诉时”应用when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，从句主语“顾客”应用名词customers，谓语动词“投诉”应用动词complain，主句主语“这家店的老板”表达为 the shop owner ，谓语动词“重视（这件事）”应用动词短语take it seriously“认真对待，重视”，其中副词seriously修饰动词take，it指代前面提到的“顾客投诉”这件事，根据句意中否定表达，应用短语的否定形式，主语 the shop owner为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为When customers complain, the shop owner doesn’t take it seriously.
75．The more you practice, the more quickly you will improve your spoken English.
【详解】考查比较状语从句。本句话用“the +比较级…, the +比较级…”的结构，引导比较状语从句，表示“越……，越……”。前半句话用“the more”，主语为you，“练习”用动词“practice”，在句中作谓语。本句话使用一般现在时态，陈述一般事实。；后半句话用“the more quickly”，表示“越快”，主语为you，“提高”用动词“improve”，在句中作谓语。本句话陈述将来的事实，所以用一般将来时“你的英语口语”可以翻译为“your spoken English”。故翻译为The more you practice, the more quickly you will improve your spoken English.
76．
Dear Principal,
I am writing to express my thoughts regarding the suggestion of canceling the buffet lunch system at our school.
I do not agree with canceling it, as it provides students with variety and flexibility in choosing their meals, which is valuable for meeting different dietary needs and preferences. However, I acknowledge the issues of food waste and nutritional imbalance. To address these concerns, I suggest implementing educational sessions on balanced diets to guide students in making healthier food choices. Additionally, placing clear portion guidance signs can remind students to take only what they can consume. Monitoring and providing feedback on food waste can also raise awareness. These measures can help maintain the benefits of the buffet system while reducing its drawbacks.
Thank you for your attention to this matter.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所属的学校本学期实行午餐自助餐制，目前发现了食物浪费和饮食不均衡等问题，有人建议取消自助餐制，要求考生按照要求给校长写电子邮件，谈谈自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express → convey
建议：suggestion → proposal
废除：cancel → abolish
不同的：different → diverse
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：To address these concerns, I suggest implementing educational sessions on balanced diets to guide students in making healthier food choices.
拓展句：To address these concerns, I suggest our school implement educational sessions on balanced diets to guide students in making healthier food choices.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I do not agree with canceling it, as it provides students with variety and flexibility in choosing their meals, which is valuable for meeting different dietary needs and preferences.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句、which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】 Additionally, placing clear portion guidance signs can remind students to take only what they can consume.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
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