资源简介

Unit 8 Once Upon a Time
一、重点短语
1.once upon a time 从前；很久以前
2.bite through 咬穿
3.a job hunter 求职者
4.make a promise 作出承诺
5.break a promise 违背承诺
6.long ago 很久以前
7.at war 在交战
8.tell a lie 说谎
9.make a decision 做决定
10.be afraid of 害怕
11.at first 起先；开始的时候
12.to tell the truth 说实话
13.make money 赚钱
a true friend 真正的朋友
15. catch a cold 感冒
16. cry for help 呼救
17. get out (of ...) （从……）出去离开；摆脱
18. all over the world 全世界
19. the real world 现实世界
20. laugh at 嘲笑
21. search for information 搜索信息
22. to my surprise 令我意外的是
23. believe in yourself 相信你自己
24. only if 只有
e out 出现；盛开；出版
26. die out 灭亡
27. die down 逐渐消退
28. be rich in ... 富含……
29. instead of 而不是；代替
30. in the end 最后；终于
单词短语精讲
1、The mouse bit through the net.老鼠咬穿了网。
[详解]bite
①[动词](过去式:bit)咬;咬伤
A dog bit Jack last week.上周一只狗咬伤了杰克。
②(可数名词)咬;(咬下的)一口;咬伤
She took a bite of the sandwich.她咬了一口三明治。
2、The hunter caught the lion.猎人抓住了狮子。
[详解]hunter(可数名词)猎人;搜寻者;是由动词hunt(打猎)加后缀-er构成的名词。
It's a book for job hunters.这是一本给求职者的书。
【拓展]“动词+-er/-r”常构成对应的名词。
teach v.教→teacher n.教师
work v 工作→worker n.工人
drive v.驾驶→driver n.驾驶员，司机
write v.写→writer n.作家
3、The mouse promised to help the lion.老鼠承诺帮助狮子。
[详解]promise
①(动词)承诺;保证
a. promise(not )to do sth承诺(不)做某事，保证(不)做某事
He promises to work hard at school.他保证在学校认真学习。
b. promise sb sth /promise sth to sb答应给某人某物
My parents promised me a new bike.我父母答应给我买一辆新自行车。
=My parents promised a new bike tome.
(名词)承诺;诺言
make a promise许下诺言
keep a promise信守诺言
break a promise违背诺言
【例题】1. As an honest（诚实的）girl，as long as she______the promise, she_______it.
A. makes, will keep B. will make, will keep
C. will make, keeps D.makes, keeps
2. —Why do you look so happy today
—Because my parents promise me_______to the Disney next week.
A. of going B. to go C. going D.go
3. I’m so glad to hear that the naughty（顽皮的）boy promises_______snacks（零食）in class any more.
A. not to eat B. don’t eat
C. not eating D. not eat
4、The farmer's son broke his leg.农夫的儿子摔断了他的腿。
[详解]break
①(动词)(过去式:broke)折断;打破;违反
Danny broke his arm yesterday morning.昨天上午丹尼摔断了胳膊。
Be careful! Don't break the window.小心!别打破窗户。
We can't break the school rules.我们不可以违反校规。
②〔名词)休息，间歇;have a break休息一下
We have a break at 9:40 in the morning.我们在上午9:40休息。
【例题】1.Luke told me to _______ from running.
A. have a break B. take rests
C. have break D. take rest
2.The window ____by Tom needs repairing.
A. breaking B. broken C.broke D.breaks
5、Was the farmer wise 那个农夫明智吗 (教材第58页，1d)
[详解]wise(形容词)明智的;高明的
Long ago, there was a wise man.很久以前,有一位智者。
【拓展]wisely(副词)明智地;聪明地
I hope you can choose wisely.我希望你能明智地选择。
【助记]wise(adj.明智的;高明的)+-ly(副词后缀)→wisely(adv.明智地;聪明地)
【例题】1.It is wise ______Linda to make up her mind _______to play an instrument.
A．for ; learning B．for ; to learn
C．of ; learning D．of ; to learn
2.用wise；wisely填空
（1）Can you spend______ and have more savings？
（2）I'm older and______ after ten years in the business.
6、But don't you want to read it by your-self 但是难道你不想自己读吗
[详解]否定疑问句
该句是否定形式的一般疑问句。它常由助动词、情态动词或连系动词be的否定形式(多用缩略形式)加上主语和其他成分构成，多用来表示惊讶、感叹、责难、建议或看法等，通常译为“难道不(没)…吗 ”。
Didn't you know the time 难道你不知道时间吗
Can't you go there after school 难道你不能放学后去那儿吗
【注意]否定疑问句的答语和一般疑问句的答语一样,肯定回答用yes,否定回答用
no,但翻译成汉语时，yes要译为“不”，no则译为“是”。
7、 ...but they said, "What lovely clothes!'…但是他们说:“多么漂亮的衣服啊!”
[详解]感叹句
“What lovely clothes!”是一个省略了主语和谓语的感叹句，完整的句子是
“What lovely clothes they are!”。感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感彩，句末常用感叹号。
what 引导的感叹句的结构有:
①What a/an+形容词+可数名词单数(+主语+谓语)!
What a good girl she is)!(她是)多好的一个女孩啊!
②What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!
What beautiful flowers(these are)!(这些是)多么漂亮的花啊!
What lovely weather (it is)!(那是)多好的天气啊!
[拓展]how也常用于引导感叹句，其结构为:How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!
How cold it is( today)!(今天)真冷啊!
How nice the pictures are!这些图片真漂亮啊!
【助记]感叹句的用法
感叹句并不难，what或how放句前;
名词(短语)what后，how与形、副连。
【例题】1.— The summer holiday will come
______good news to us!
A.What B. What a C. How D. How a
2. ______wonderful Yang Liping’s dance is!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3.—_____weather! It’s raining
—Bad luck! We can’t go climbing today.
What bad B. How bad C. What fine D. What a
4. _____interesting book it is!
A. How B. What C. What an D. How a
5. ---____nice dress it is !
--- Thank you!
A, What a B. What C. How D. How a
6. —Did you enjoy the party last night
—Very much. ______wonderful the party was!
What B. How C. What a D. How a
8、No one wanted to look silly.没有人想看起来愚蠢。(教材第59页，2al
【详解]silly(形容词)愚蠢的;傻的;可在句中作定语或表语，其同义词为foolish.
Good ideas sometimes start with a really silly question.好的想法有时开始于一个
很愚蠢的问题。
Don't be silly! Come with us.别傻了!和我们一起去吧。
【例题】______silly questions the boys asked yesterday!
What a B. What C. How D. How a
12、The emperor decided to show everyone his new clothes.皇帝决定给大家看看他
的新衣服.
[详解]decide(动词)决定;decide(not)to do sth决定(不)做某事
They decide not to tell Tom about it.他们决定不告诉汤姆此事。
[拓展]decision(名词)决定;make a decision 做决定
He made a decision to be a teacher.他决定当一名老师。
【例题】1. After the meeting, they decided______the project immediately(立刻).
A. start B. staring C. to start D.starts
2. Lily thought it over and______to give up trying.
A. make a decision B. decided C. minded D.made decision
3. The scientists_____to send a robot to the moon.
made a promise B. made a mistake
made a decision D. made a mind
9、People in the street/city praised them.街道上/城市里的人都赞美它们。
[详解]praise
①(动词)赞美;表扬;praise sb for(doing)sth表扬某人(做)某事
Our teacher often praises us for working hard.我们的老师经常表扬我们学习努力。
②(名词)赞扬;称赞;赞美;in praise of赞扬，赞美
It's a book in praise of country life.这是一本赞美乡下生活的书。
【例题】He is such a great man that we ________ praise him too much.
needn’t B．mustn’t C．shouldn’t D．can’t
10、They were afraid to look silly too!他们也害怕看起来愚蠢!
【学科]afraid(形容词)害怕的;担心的常在句中作表语，不作定语。主要有以下用法:
① be afraid of sth 害怕某物
I'm afraid of snakes.我害怕蛇。
② be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事
The little girl is afraid of falling down.这个小女孩害怕摔倒。
③ be afraid to do sth害怕/不敢做某事
Tom is afraid to go there alone.汤姆不敢独自去那里。
[拓展]①I'm afraid(that)... 恐怕..…;表达一种委婉的语气。
I'm afraid I can't help you.恐怕我不能帮你。
② I'm afraid so.恐怕是这样。
【例题】1. She was afraid ________ the dog so that it became dangerous.
A. of excite B. to excite
C. that she excited D. to be exciting　
2.She is afraid ________ the tiger．
A．of see B．to see C．to seeing D．See
3.— Is she really ill
— ________. She’s in hospital.
A．I am afraid so B．I hope so
C．Not at all D．Help yourself
4.用be afraid to/be afraid of的适当形式填空。(可重复)
①.He____ ____ ____play with a dog.
②.Ken and Joan____ ____ ____the snake.
③.Mike____ ____ ____having a maths test.
④.Don't____ ____ ____speak English.
11、 Suddenly, a boy cried/shouted..突然，一个男孩哭喊/大声喊…
[详解]suddenly(副词)突然地;出乎意料地常放在句首作状语。
Suddenly, here came a car.突然来了一辆汽车。
【拓展]sudden(形容词)突然的;意想不到的
A sudden heavy rain came.突然下起了一场暴雨。
suddenly= all of a sudden 突然
【例题】1. ______ ,he hit me on the back.
All of a sudden B. Sudden C. At once D.A sudden
2______ they found the missing dog
A.Sudden B. Outside C.Suddenly D.A sudden
12、They started/began laughing.他们开始/开始大笑
[详解]start doing/to do sth开始做事;start后可跟动词-ing形式，也可跟动词
不定式，两者没有大的区别。
start较口语化,动作性较强,带有突然开始之意,其反义词为stop。start是及物动词,作"动身;发动"讲时,不可用begin替换。如:
It starts raining.天开始下雨。
Daming starts to do his homework after dinner.晚饭后大明开始做家庭作业。
【拓展]①beginning n 开始
②表示“开始做某事”还可以用begin doing/to do sth.
They begin reading books.=They begin to read books.他们开始读书。
【例题】 用begin或start的适当形式填空。
(1) His car is very easy to ________.
They ________ to eat their lunch.
Our classes________ at 9:00
At the ________，we don’t know the reason.
13、People praised the clothes at first.起初，人们赞美衣服。
【辨析]at first与first of all
①at first起初;最初;有比较的意思,暗示后面有变化;可用于句首或句末。
②first of all首先，第一;强调次序;常用于句首。
At first, Tom's parents were very happy.起初,汤姆的父母很高兴。
First of all, let me ask you a question.首先,让我问你一个问题。
【例题】选择恰当的单词或短语完成句子 first/at first/first of all
1．You go ________, and I’ll follow．
2．There I ________ saw him．
3．________ she was asleep．Half an hour later, she woke up．
4．I shall try ________ to make them change their ideas．
14、They laughed when a boy told the truth.当一个男孩说实话时，他们大笑。
【详解]truth〔名词)真相;事实;truth常与定冠词the连用。
tell the truth说实话
Do you think she's telling the truth 你认为她在讲实话吗
【拓展]①true(形容词)符合事实的;真正的
Believe it or not, it's a true story.信不信由你，这是个真实的故事。
②truly (副词)真正;确实;真诚地
I'm truly sorry for that.对于那件事我真的很抱歉。
【例题】用true的适当形式填空
1.He is a______ friend of mine.
2.Knowing the______，his heart broken.
3.After that，he______ understands the meaning of friend
15. "We can make a lot of money by lying to the emperor.""我们可以通过对皇帝撒谎来赚很多钱。”
[详解]by doing sth通过做某事;表示通过某种方式或手段等。
My sister learns English by listening to English songs.我姐姐通过听英文歌曲学英语。
-How do you stay healthy 你如何保持健康
-By running.通过跑步。
【注意]①对“by+方式/方法”提问用how。
② by 有倚靠的意思
【例题】1.You can improve your English ______practicing more.
by B. with C. of D. in
2. She was praised（表扬）____her hard work.
A. by B. for C. on D. at
3.He stands____ the door
A. by B. for C. on D. at
16、 I hate to be different.我讨厌(与别人)不一样。
[详解]hate(及物动词)不喜欢;厌恶;讨厌后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或
动词-ing形式。
My parents hate to drive to work.我父母不喜欢开车去上班。
I hate making mistakes.我讨厌出错。
【注意]hate不用于进行时态。hate to do sth 与hate doing sth含义基本相同。
【例题】1.Most people hate_______
smoke B. smokes C. smoking D. smoked
2.I hate _______ people _______ on the table.
A.seeing; to sit B.to see; to sit
C.seeing; sits D.seeing; sit
17、Once upon a time, a king asked an artist to paint him a horse.从前，一个国王让一位画家给他画一匹马。
[详解]artist(可数名词)美术家;艺术家由名词art加后缀-ist构成。
I want to be an artist when I grow up.我长大后想成为一名艺术家。
【拓展]后缀-ist常用于构成名词，表示“从事…….的人;…….专家;……使用者”。
type 打字→ typist 打字员
cartoon 漫画→cartoonist 漫画家
active 积极的→activist积极分子
18、"Please give me some time,"the artist answered."请给我一些时间，”画家回答。
[辨析]some time, sometime, some times和sometimes
①some time一段时间;名词短语
I'll stay here for some time.我将在这儿待一段时间。
②sometime 某个时间;副词
I will go to Shanghai sometime next week.
下周的某个时间我要去上海。
③some times几次;几倍;名词短语
I read the story some times.这个故事我读过几次了。
④sometimes有时;频度副词
Sometimes I get up very late.有时我很晚起床。
[助记]some time, sometime, some times与 sometimes
分开“一段时间”(some time),
相聚“某个时候”(sometime),
“几次”(some times)分开带-s,
“有时”(sometimes)相聚加-S。
【例题】1. The book will come out_______ next month.
A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime
2. I_______think what I like.
A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime
3. She has to spend _______with her grandparents.
A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime
4. The have already met each other_______this year.
A. sometimes B. some times C. some time D. sometime
19、Quickly, the artist painted a beautiful picture of a horse.很快，画家画了一张漂亮的马的画。
[详解]quickly(副词)快速地;很快;由形容词quick加后缀-ly构成，可以放
在句首、句末或实义动词之前。
Quickly, we crossed the street.我们快速地穿过了街道。
[拓展]很多副词是由“形容词+后缀-ly”构成的，如:
careful→carefully usual→usually sudden→suddenly slow→slowly
20、The artist smiled and took the king to his house.画家微笑着带国王去了他的家。
【辨析]smile与laugh
smile 表示微笑，指面部露出高兴的表情;smile at对…….微笑
laugh 表示出声地笑，有时指大笑;laugh at嘲笑.....…
Look! The boy is smiling at us.看!那个男孩在朝我们微笑。
His joke made us laugh.他的笑话使我们大笑起来。
【例题】1.Our teacher is very kind and she always_______ us in class.
smiles at B. laughs at C. laughs to D. smile to
2.Don't ___at him. He tried his best.
A. smile B.laugh C.cry D.happy
3.The two girls are ___the picture.
A. smiling at B. smile at C. laughing at D.laugh at
21、ls the ugly duckling a real duck 这只丑小鸭是一只真正的鸭子吗
[详解]ugly(形容词)丑陋的;难看的;可在句中作定语或表语。
It's an ugly hat.那是一顶丑陋的帽子。
【注意]ugly的读音以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词时，要用an。
【例题】—This is really_____ ugly bird.
—But it is_____ useful bird. It can help fishermen catch fish.
A．an; a B．an; an C．a; a D.a; an
22、It made the poor duckling very sad, so he decided to search for a new home.这使得那只可怜的小鸭子很伤心，所以他决定去寻找一个新家。(教材第62页，1b]
[详解]search
①(动词)寻找;搜寻;
search for 寻找;搜寻;查找
search for photos查找照片
search the kitchen for food搜查厨房找食物
②(名词)搜寻;搜索;查找
an online search网上搜索
【例题】1. -Tom, my pens were lost. Can you help me to ______ them
-Sure. Where did you lose them
A.look after B. search for C. go out D.find
2. The police searched that room ________ the lost key.
A.of B.on C.for D.in
23、"May I stay with you "he asked hopefully."我可以和你们待在一起吗 ”他满怀希望地问
[详解]hopefully(副词)有希望地;是由形容词hopeful加后缀_-ly构成的副
词，可位于句首或句末，位于句首时，后面通常加逗号。
Hopefully, we'll arrive before dark.我们有望在天黑前到达。
"Am I welcome " he asked hopefully.“欢迎我吗 ”他满怀希望地问。
[助记]
hope(n.希望)
↓ +-ful
hopeful(adj.有希望的)
↓ +-ly
hopefully (adv.有希望地)
【例题】_______you good luck in the new year!-----The same to you.
A. Hope B. Want C. Wish D. Like
24、They did not like him because he could not purr or lay eggs!他们不喜欢他，因为他不会发出呜呜声或下蛋!
[详解]lay(动词)(过去式:laid)
①下(蛋);产(卵)
The bird laid an egg.那只鸟下了一个蛋。
②放置;搁
She laid the baby down on the bed.她把婴儿放在床上。
③摆放(餐具)lay the table摆放餐具
We help to lay the table before meals.饭前我们帮着摆放餐具。
【注意]lay还可以作lie的过去式，意为“平躺;位于”。
He lay on the grass.他躺在草地上。
【例题】1.He ______ in bed all day long because he had a bad headache(头疼).
lied B. lay C. laid D. lying
2.Tom ______down his book and______down on the bed.
A.lay;laid B.laid;lay C.lay;lay D.laid; laid
25、 The duckling looked down, and to his surprise, he saw that he was a beautiful white swan too!那只小鸭子低头看，出乎他的意料，他看见他也是一只美丽的白天鹅!
[详解]to sb's surprise出乎某人的意料;让某人吃惊的是;surprise此处用作名
词，意为“惊奇;意外”。
To our surprise, those American students like Beijing Opera.令我们吃惊的是，那些
美国学生喜欢京剧。
[拓展]in surprise惊奇地，吃惊地
The little girl looked at us in surprise.那个小女孩吃惊地看着我们。
【例题】1.To his ______, he didn’t get _____ trouble.
A. surprise ; into B. surprise ; to
C. surprised ; into D. surprised ; in
2.What ___great surprise to meet you here!”she said in___surprise
A．/;/ B．a;/ C．/;the D．a;a
How was he similar to them 他与他们有何相似之处
[详解]be similar to…相似
This picture is similar to that one.这张图片与那张相似。
[拓展]be similar in在…方面相似
They are similar in colour.它们在颜色上相似。
【例题】He is _____ Tom because they both enjoy playing basketball.
A.same as B. similar to C. the same like D. similar in
27、"Prepare to die!"shouted the genie."准备去死吧!”妖怪大喊道。
[详解](1)prepare(动词)准备;预备
① prepare to do sth准备做某事
We are preparing to go on holiday.我们正准备去度假。
②prepare sth for.为.……准备某物
You must prepare a room for the boy.你必须为这个男孩准备一个房间。
③prepare for sth为某事做准备
He is preparing for the World Cup.他正在为世界杯做准备。
(2)die(不及物动词)死亡;消失过去式为died，现在分词为dying。
His cat is dying.他的猫奄奄一息。
His mother died when he was 8.当他八岁的时候，他的妈妈去世了。
【注意]die 强调“死”这一动作,指生命的结束,不与表示一段时间的状语连用。
【拓展]dead[形容词)死的;死亡的death(名词)死，死亡
【例题】1.—What’s that terrible noise
—The neighbors（邻居）______ for a party.
have prepared B. are preparing
C. prepare D. will prepare
2.用“die”的适当形式填空。
① The bird is_____ ，quickly，let’s help it .
② His father_____five years ago.
③ His mother’s ________was a great blow（打击） to him.
28、If someone set me free, I would make them rich and powerful.如果有人释放我，
我会让他们富有和强大。
[详解](1)someone(复合不定代词)某人;有人相当于somebody。someone作
主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
Please say thank you when someone helps you.当有人帮助了你时，请说谢谢。
(2)set......free 释放
He set the bird free from the room.他把鸟从房间里放了出来。
(3)set
①[动词)使处于某种状态;使开始过去式为set。set sb doing sth使某人做某事
His words set me thinking.他的话使我陷入了思考。
②(名词)一套;一副;一组
a set of books一套书
The set of keys is Kate's.这串钥匙是凯特的。
(4)rich(形容词)
①富有的(反义词:poor)
a rich country一个富有的国家
He is very rich, but he isn't happy.他很富有，但他不快乐。
【注意]the rich表示“富人”。
②富含..….的be rich in富含......
Oranges are rich in vitamin C.橙子富含维生素C。
③丰富多彩的
China has a long history and rich culture.中国有悠久的历史及丰富多彩的文化。
(5)powerful(形容词)强大的;有影响力的;是由名词power加后缀-ful构成的形容词。
Our country is very powerful now.现在我们的国家很强大。
[拓展]常见的名词加后缀-ful构成的形容词还有:
care n.小心→careful adj.小心的
use n.使用→useful adj.有用的
hope n.希望→hopeful adj.有希望的
【例题】1. We should ________ a good example to the young.
take B. make C. set D. give
2. The government（政府）decided to ________ a new school in this area.
A. set out B. set up C. set off D. set free
3.—The rich have________ to do what they like. How great they are!
—I don’t think so. They can’t be________even though they have a lot of money.
A. enough money ； enough healthy
B. money enough ；enough healthy
C. money enough ； healthy enough
D. enough money ； healthy enough
29、If anyone set me free, I would kill them instead of giving them anything.如果有人释放我，我会杀了他们，而不是给他们任何东西。
(1)anyone(复合不定代词)任何人;某个人与anybody同义。通常用于否定句和
疑问句中，也可用于条件句中。anyone作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。。
【注意]形容词修饰 someone, anyone等复合不定代词时,要放在复合不定代词后面。
Was anyone famous born there 有名人出生在那里吗
(2)辨析:instead of与instead
①instead of而不是;代替;介词短语;后面常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。
②instead代替;反而;副词;置于句首或句末。
They talked instead of doing their home-work.他们交谈而不是做家庭作业。
She didn't play basketball. She went swimming instead.她没有打篮球，而是去游泳了。
He didn't answer my question. Instead, he asked me the same question.他没有回答我的问题。相反，他问了我同样的问题。
【例题】选用instead或instead of填空。
1. The children went swimming ________　fishing.
2. He didn’t go out.________, he watched TV at home.
3. My father is too busy. I’ll go there ________.
4. I’ll choose French as my second foreign language ________Japanese.
三、单元语法
我们学习了一般现在时和一般过去时，其区别如下:
一、一般现在时：表示经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态,也表示客观真理、自然现象等
时间标志词;always, usually, often;sometimes, every day/sometimes, every day等
谓语结构：am/is/are He is a student.他是一名学生。
动词原形或三人称单数 I often get up at six in the morning.
二、一般过去时：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态
时间标志词;just now 、yesterday、the day before yesterday、 last week/year、时间+ago 等
谓语结构：动词的过去式
She visited her uncle yesterday. 昨天她看望了她的叔叔。
【例题】1. - Who reached the station on time
一I______. In fact, I arrived there 5 minutes earlier.
A. was B. reach C.did D.had
2. In ancient times, people ____a fire by rubbing two pieces of wood together.
A. make B. made C. have made D. are making
3. Ten years ago, there ____a small river near the village.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
4. There_____some milk and some cakes on the table yesterday.
A. was B. is C. isn't D. had
5. Can you say it again I______you.
A. didn't catch B. don't catch C. doesn't catch D. isn't catch
6. My brother ___his homework before he went out to play.
A. finished B.finish C. is finishing D. will finish

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