资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
广东省广州市2024-2025学年高一下学期英语期末模拟预测卷
一．选择题（共5小题）
1．（2024春 番禺区期末）To lead fulfilling lives，we must be the masters of our own fortunes.（　　）
A．运气 B．大笔的钱 C．命运 D．际遇
2．（2024春 番禺区期末）The security staff can see all the outside of the building on their CCTV monitors.（　　）
A．监视器 B．检测器 C．班长 D．监督员
3．（2023春 越秀区期末） In the dark street，there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.（　　）
A． for whom B． to who C． to whom D． for who
4．（2023春 越秀区期末） Driving the children to soccer games ________a good deal of my time.（　　）
A． takes up B． takes in
C． takes on D． takes down
5．（2023春 番禺区期末） I regret a lot of time playing computer games，which leads to my poor academic performance.（　　）
A． to waste B． wasting
C． to have wasted D． wasted
二．完形填空（共1小题）
6．（2023春 越秀区期末） Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December2020.Suddenly she（1）　 　 a video of dogs in wheelchairs."That's it!"she thought.
Shaine had always loved animals and visited local veterinary（兽医的） clinics often.She was a（2）　 　 there.But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can't walk and require extra（3）　 　
Now，as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and（4）　 　 ，her heart was filled with（5）　 　 ."I can make wheelchairs for disabled animals!"she decided.
As Shaine（6）　 　 on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility "wheelies" for animals，her（7）　 　 grew.The next day，Shaine headed to the hardware store and（8）　 　 some PVC pipes，foam and wheels and began（9）　 　 with designs.She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats.（10）　 　 she found a model that worked，she reached out to veterinarians she knew.Seeing Cypress，a disabled 7﹣month﹣old puppy，take off in her wheelie，Shaine became even more（11）　 　 to her project.She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet，and soon（12）　 　 started coming in.
Shaine asks for a few（13）　 　 of the animals and then custom﹣makes each wheelchair for the furry friends.She accepts just enough money to（14）　 　 costs.
"I'm so pleased that I am able to fill a need，"says the（15）　 　 girl， "Helping disabled pets means the world to me!"
（1） A．subscribed to B．came across C．checked out D．reflected on
（2） A．teacher B．guest C．volunteer D．doctor
（3） A．care B．duty C．recognition D．courage
（4） A．cautiously B．worriedly C．healthily D．freely
（5） A．sympathy B．curiosity C．hope D．doubt
（6） A．carried B．clicked C．counted D．rested
（7） A．excitement B．pride C．relief D．astonishment
（8） A．produced B．gathered C．arranged D．bought
（9） A．comparing B．dealing C．consulting D．experimenting
（10） A．Before B．Once C．Unless D．Though
（11） A．accustomed B．limited C．committed D．submitted
（12） A．investments B．profits C．orders D．advertisements
（13） A．measurements B．comments C．expectations D．behaviors
（14） A．estimate B．reduce C．spread D．cover
（15） A．sensitive B．considerate C．ambitious D．patient
三．阅读理解（共4小题）
7．（2024春 广州期末）
Too Much of a Good Thing—the Law of Unintended Consequences
Government leaders try hard to make the best decisions.Sometimes they survey the general public，get expert advice and hold meetings.Of course，we already know the following from Aesop's fable "The Man，the Boy，and the Donkey"：please all，and you will please none.The policy﹣makers are well aware of that.But sadly，there are in fact times when decisions made in good faith and with the best of intentions result in undesired outcomes.
In Australia
A large toad（蟾蜍），known as the cane toad，native to the southern United States and Brazil，was introduced into Australia to control a kind of pests（害虫） harmful to people's crops.This introduction of a foreign species was done after careful examination.At that time，it was believed that the introduction of the toad had served its purpose.However，later studies concluded that the cane toad's huge appetite has caused considerable damage to the native Australian ecosystem，with its number totally out of control.
In Iceland
A lovely purple flower，the Alaskan Lupin is a big concern in Iceland.The species was introduced into Iceland to prevent soil from being washed away.But it grew and spread like a weed，threatening the growth of nearby plants.Now the government is working on having students from Iceland and abroad moving in to cut down the Lupin and，if possible，remove its seeds from the ground.
In Canada
Canadian Forest Service has become "too successful" with its fire﹣prevention policy.Fire is a natural part of the life cycle of forests，and the reduction of forest fires created new problems.Aged trees which should have been killed off by fire are easily infected by pests and diseases and pass them to neighboring trees.They are now threatening to destroy the forests of British Columbia and Alberta.
（1）What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 mean？ 　 　
A.It's impossible to satisfy everyone.
B.It's important to have good manners.
C.It's challenging to collect opinions.
D.It's necessary to predict the future.
（2）What do Australia and Iceland have in common according to the text？ 　 　
A.They suffered economic loss.
B.They imported a foreign species.
C.They achieved what they desired.
D.They managed to deal with the trouble.
（3）What does the writer try to tell us？ 　 　
A.Introduction of a foreign species is a mistake.
B.Too many good things can bring bad consequences.
C.Policy making should be taken more seriously.
D.Good intentions may not lead to desired results.
8．（2022春 广州期末）You might think of martial arts movies when you see people performing graceful moves down the river，all standing on a bamboo strip，but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage：bamboo drifting.
Over 2，000 years ago，the high﹣quality wood，nanmu，in Guizhou was in great demand by the royal court more than 2，000 kilometers to the north.With no better transportation，people had to stand on one log to drift down the river.Later，local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born.In the Qing Dynasty，wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.Due to the skills it takes for one to master this act，bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list this year.
Yang Liu，a 24﹣year﹣old inheritor of bamboo drifting，learned it at 7. "Usually，the bamboo under your feet is about 9 meters long，and the bamboo in your hands is about 5 meters.If the length or diameter of the bamboo is not long enough，it will not float.Keeping our feet firmly positioned on the narrow bamboo pole is the key，so we should fight against the current by constantly changing the angle.I lost my balance and fell in the water many times while practicing.Once I fell，I gave it another try until I knew how to handle the most difficult part." she said.
The love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going.In the past 17 years，she has drifted all year round，in winter cold and summer heat.As hanfu culture has been on the rise，Yang started wearing hanfu while performing，creating a more beautiful feel.In 2020，Yang began to post her videos on social media. "I'm extremely proud to get responses from viewers that bamboo drifting makes the line between what is possible and impossible unclear.It's my mission to keep it alive and known to more people，" Yang Liu told China Daily.
（1）What can be learned from the first two paragraphs？ 　 　
A．The martial arts movie is a form of cultural heritage.
B．Nanmu was delivered to the north by land.
C．Bamboo was costly in Guizhou 2，000 years ago.
D．Bamboo drifting involves lots of skills.
（2）What is the biggest challenge in bamboo drifting？ 　 　
A．Finding the proper bamboo.
B．Holding the bamboo firmly in hands.
C．Maintaining a fixed angle.
D．Keeping balance.
（3）What do the viewers think of bamboo drifting？ 　 　
A．Unbelievable.
B．Impossible.
C．Confusing.
D．Complicated.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ 　 　
A．Transporting Bamboo down the River.
B．Intangible Cultural Heritage in Guizhou.
C．Balancing with Grace.
D．Yang Liu：a Creative Performer.
9．（2023春 广州期末） People have always had trouble pronouncing his name.The 19th﹣century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong.If you don't speak German，it's not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it.A safe bet is to start with a hard 'g' on 'Ger...' and end with a 'ter'：Ger﹣ter.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe's big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare，Dante and Homer.He was excellent in a wide range of areas：he wrote many poems，was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology，geology and botany.He was also a diplomat，fashion guru （专家），a senior civil servant，the head of a university，a fine artist，an adventurous traveller，the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.
During his life，Goethe's admirers were impressed by his literary works.But more than any of his books，what impressed people at the time was how he lived his life，the kind of person he was.The life was more significant than the books （which helps explain why，unlike Jane Austen or Marcel Proust，his literary works are relatively unknown）.
Goethe was born in the city of Frankfurt in 1749.His family was comfortably off—it was new money，made from keeping an inn.
Goethe's parents took great care with his schooling：he was mainly educated at home；he wrote poetry for his friends，took art classes，and learned Italian.He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors.As a member of the upper class，he wore a sword in public from the age of 12.
Goethe studied at the University of Leipzig and later did a master's degree in law at the University of Strasbourg.He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower.He was afraid of heights.But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view.
（1）Why was Benjamin Disraeli laughed at in Parliament？ 　 　
A．He pronounced his own name wrongly.
B．He didn't know how to speak German.
C．He couldn't say Goethe's name correctly.
D．He once wrote Goethe as Ger﹣ter mistakenly.
（2）What is special about Goethe，compared to Shakespeare，Dante and Homer？ 　 　
A．He did well in a variety of fields.
B．He was a British big cultural hero.
C．He was one of the literature masters.
D．He wrote numerous novels and poems.
（3）What can we know about Goethe？ 　 　
A．Goethe ran an inn with comfortable rooms by himself.
B．Goethe's parents devoted themselves to his education.
C．Goethe's literary works impressed people most at his time.
D．Goethe belonged to the upper class due to his royal family.
（4）Which can best describe Goethe's personality？ 　 　
A．Cautious and famous.
B．Selfless and confident.
C．Honest and generous.
D．Brave and intelligent.
10．（2023春 广州期末）How often one hears children wishing they were grown up，and old people wishing they were young again.Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.
Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.If a child has good parents，he is fed，looked after and loved，whatever he may do.It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.In addition，life is always presenting new things to the child — things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well﹣known.But a child has his parents，he is not so free to do what he wishes to do；he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong.
When the young man starts to earn his own living，he can no longer expect others to pay for his food，his clothes，and his room，but has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents，he may go to prison.If，however，he works hard，keeps out of trouble and has good health，he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.
（1）According to the second paragraph，the writer thinks that 　 　 .
A．life for a child is comparatively easy
B．only children are interested in life
C．if much is given to a child，he must do something in return
D．a child is always loved whatever he does
（2）From the author's perspective，after a child grows up，he 　 　 .
A．has to be successful in finding a job
B．will have little time playing
C．should be able to take care of himself
D．can still ask for help in time of trouble
（3）The main idea of the passage is that 　 　 .
A．young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard
B．life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains
C．one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life
D．childhood is the more enjoyable time in one's life
（4）The paragraph following this passage will most probably discuss 　 　 .
A．how to build up one's position in society
B．examples of successful young men
C．what to do when one has problems in life
D．pleasures and pains of old people
四．信息匹配（共1小题）
11．（2023春 花都区校级期末） My aunt，uncle，and cousin Marc invited me to visit them in Amsterdam to celebrate the weekend of Koningsdag，which is Dutch for "King's Day".Of course，we have royal celebrations back home in the UK，but I had never seen anything quite like this before!
（1）　 　 It is celebrated by people of all ages，and many tourists travel from different countries to be part of the festivities.It is reported that almost a million people visited Amsterdam for King's Day.
When we arrived in the city centre，every street was crowded with people dressed from head to toe in orange.（2）　 　 We passed street parties with people dancing，and stalls selling a variety of food.Round every corner we found ourselves in what looked like a street﹣market.Marc told me that it was one of the traditional events on King's Day.People had brought any unwanted items that they owned and were trading and selling them on the street.（3）　 　
Tired out from all the dancing，we decided to go for a walk around city.We passed the Rijksmuseum，one of the most famous museums in Amsterdam，and I was surprised when Marc asked me if I wanted to go in.（4）　 　 However，when we got inside，I saw that it was packed with people dressed in orange.It was certainly more interesting than visiting museums back home.
We stayed out until around 10 pm and then made our way back home with the celebrations still going on.Marc told me that they continued all night.（5）　 　 l would have to say that King's Day is one of the most unusual festivals that I have ever been to，and one that I will never forget.
A．Even Children were trading their old books and toys.
B．Everybody in the Netherlands is given a day off work or school.
C．He added that if I came next year，we could stay out a bit later.
D．We were really hungry and decided to go in for something to eat.
E．It seemed like a strange thing to do in the middle of a huge carnival.
F．King's Day is a traditional celebration of the Dutch emperor's birthday.
G．These colorfully dressed people were dancing，singing and haying an amazing time.
五．语法填空（共1小题）
12．（2022春 天河区校级期末）Xi Jinping，general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee，conferred（授予） the July 1 Medal on 29 outstanding Party members，one of （1）　 　 was Zhang Guimei.She founded a high school，（2）　 　 （offer） free education to girls in a less﹣developed area of Yunnan province.
Zhang's efforts helped nearly 2，000 girls go to college.She visited poor （3）　 　 （family） and persuaded them not to let their children drop out of school.This shows （4）　 　 educators should work with a greater sense of responsibility.
Another important lesson from Zhang's story is that we should take a long﹣term view of rural education.Zhang has been working（5）　 　 （improve） education in rural areas because of her high degree of （6）　 　 （commit） and making the education of talents her goal. （7）　 　 is because of the very goal that Zhang could overcome difficulties，and help the poor throw off（8）　 　 wrong idea that "education is useless".It also reminds us that more efforts should （9）　 　 （make）to develop education in rural areas，and we should focus （10）　 　 long﹣term goals and interests.
六．单词拼写（共5小题）
13．（2024春 番禺区期末）Many people spend years s 　 　 （寻找） for the peace of mind，often with little success.
14．（2024春 番禺区期末）Although d 　 　 （打败） in the competition，we still take pride in our efforts and determination to compete.
15．（2024春 番禺区期末）I am constantly p 　 　 （追求） excellence in my study，pushing myself to reach new heights and achieving results that exceed expectations.
16．（2024春 番禺区期末）The p 　 　 （教授），a well﹣respected figure in the field of biology，has published numerous books and articles on the subject.
17．（2024春 番禺区期末）I received a sense of s 　 　 （满足） after completing the challenging task，knowing that it had been done to the best of my ability.
七．翻译题（共5小题）
18．（2021春 广州期末）在淘金热期间，许多人从世界各地来到旧金山闯世界。
During the period of gold rush，many people came from all over the world to 　 　 their 　 　 in San Francisco.
19．（2021春 广州期末）虽然面临很多挑战，屠呦呦和她的团队成员坚持以身试药，以确保安全。
Although 　 　 lots of challenges，Tu Youyou and her team members 　 　 the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
20．（2021春 广州期末）那个男孩如此被游戏所吸引住，以至于所有功课都落后了。
The boy was so 　 　 the computer games that he left all his homework behind.
21．（2021春 广州期末）Further information 　 　 the course can be obtained on our website.
更多有关于这门课程的信息可以在我们的网站获取。
22．（2021春 广州期末）Yesterday he 　 　 being late for work.
昨天他因上班迟到而向老板道歉。
八．书面表达（共1小题）
23．（2024春 天河区校级期末）假设学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动"My Favourite Character"，请你写一篇英语文章投稿，内容包括：
（1）简要介绍一部经典文学作品；
（2）介绍这部作品中你最喜欢的角色：
①角色的品质以及体现品质的事迹；
②角色给你带来的启发。
注意：
（1）词数 100 以上；
（2）可增加连接成分，使结构清晰，行文连贯；
（3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival，I would like to share with you my favourite character from
广东省广州市2024-2025学年高一下学期英语期末模拟预测卷
参考答案与试题解析
一．选择题（共5小题）
题号 1 2 3 4 5
答案 C A C A B
一．选择题（共5小题）
1．（2024春 番禺区期末）To lead fulfilling lives，we must be the masters of our own fortunes.（　　）
A．运气 B．大笔的钱 C．命运 D．际遇
【答案】C
【分析】为了过上充实的生活，我们必须成为自己命运的主人。
【解答】根据句意"为了过上充实的生活，我们必须成为自己命运的主人。"可知，fortune意为"命运"，C项正确。
故选：C。
【点评】根据单词选词义，要熟记单词拼写，弄清楚相近单词词义的区别及不同语境的词义，然后正确选出词义。
2．（2024春 番禺区期末）The security staff can see all the outside of the building on their CCTV monitors.（　　）
A．监视器 B．检测器 C．班长 D．监督员
【答案】A
【分析】保安人员可以在闭路电视监视器上看到大楼外面的一切。
【解答】根据句意"保安人员可以在闭路电视监视器上看到大楼外面的一切。"可知，monitor意为"监视器"，A项正确。
故选：A。
【点评】根据单词选词义，要熟记单词拼写，弄清楚相近单词词义的区别及不同语境的词义，然后正确选出词义。
3．（2023春 越秀区期末） In the dark street，there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.（　　）
A． for whom B． to who C． to whom D． for who
【答案】C
【分析】在黑暗的街道上，没有一个她可以求助的人。
【解答】先行词person在定语从句中作介词to的宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导从句，turn to sb.for help向某人求助。C项正确。
故选：C。
【点评】考查定语从句，要搞清楚句子成分，找出从句的先行词及从句与先行词之间的逻辑关系，把主句与从句分别翻译出来，然后依照逻辑关系把句子衔接起来。引导定语从句的关系代词有who，whom，whose，which，that等和关系副词where，when ，why等，关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就得用关系副词来连接从句。
4．（2023春 越秀区期末） Driving the children to soccer games ________a good deal of my time.（　　）
A． takes up B． takes in
C． takes on D． takes down
【答案】A
【分析】开车送孩子们去看足球赛占用了我大量的时间。
【解答】A.takes up占用；B.takes in吸收；C.takes on呈现；D.takes down记下，写下。根据句意"开车送孩子们去看足球赛占用了我大量的时间。"空处意思应该是"占用"，A项正确。
故选：A。
【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最符合题意的选项。
5．（2023春 番禺区期末） I regret a lot of time playing computer games，which leads to my poor academic performance.（　　）
A． to waste B． wasting
C． to have wasted D． wasted
【答案】B
【分析】我后悔浪费了很多时间玩电脑游戏，这导致我的学习成绩很差。
【解答】regret doing sth.意为"遗憾做过某事"，regret to do sth.意为"遗憾要做某事"。此处应是前者。B项正确。
故选：B。
【点评】英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来，动词ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。另一方面动名词在句子的用法及功能与名词类同：在句子可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者用来支配宾语。
二．完形填空（共1小题）
6．（2023春 越秀区期末） Shaine Kilyun was scrolling through videos on her phone one night in December2020.Suddenly she（1）　B　 a video of dogs in wheelchairs."That's it!"she thought.
Shaine had always loved animals and visited local veterinary（兽医的） clinics often.She was a（2）　C　 there.But Shaine cried when she learned older and disabled animals are often killed painlessly because they can't walk and require extra（3）　A　
Now，as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily and（4）　D　 ，her heart was filled with（5）　C　 ."I can make wheelchairs for disabled animals!"she decided.
As Shaine（6）　B　 on countless videos showing ways to make tiny mobility "wheelies" for animals，her（7）　A　 grew.The next day，Shaine headed to the hardware store and（8）　D　 some PVC pipes，foam and wheels and began（9）　D　 with designs.She tested out the carts on her own dog and cats.（10）　B　 she found a model that worked，she reached out to veterinarians she knew.Seeing Cypress，a disabled 7﹣month﹣old puppy，take off in her wheelie，Shaine became even more（11）　C　 to her project.She posted pictures of her carts on the Internet，and soon（12）　C　 started coming in.
Shaine asks for a few（13）　A　 of the animals and then custom﹣makes each wheelchair for the furry friends.She accepts just enough money to（14）　D　 costs.
"I'm so pleased that I am able to fill a need，"says the（15）　B　 girl， "Helping disabled pets means the world to me!"
（1） A．subscribed to B．came across C．checked out D．reflected on
（2） A．teacher B．guest C．volunteer D．doctor
（3） A．care B．duty C．recognition D．courage
（4） A．cautiously B．worriedly C．healthily D．freely
（5） A．sympathy B．curiosity C．hope D．doubt
（6） A．carried B．clicked C．counted D．rested
（7） A．excitement B．pride C．relief D．astonishment
（8） A．produced B．gathered C．arranged D．bought
（9） A．comparing B．dealing C．consulting D．experimenting
（10） A．Before B．Once C．Unless D．Though
（11） A．accustomed B．limited C．committed D．submitted
（12） A．investments B．profits C．orders D．advertisements
（13） A．measurements B．comments C．expectations D．behaviors
（14） A．estimate B．reduce C．spread D．cover
（15） A．sensitive B．considerate C．ambitious D．patient
【答案】（1）﹣（5）BCADC （6）﹣（10）BADDB （11）﹣（15）CCADB
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，短文主要写了Shaine Kilyun在手机上看到了狗狗坐在轮椅上的视频后决定为残疾动物制作轮椅。她购买了材料并设计了一款适合残疾动物使用的轮椅，并通过网络发布了照片。她接受一些捐款来支付成本，帮助残疾宠物。
【解答】（1）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.subscribed to订阅；B.came across无意中发现；C.checked out结账离开；D.reflected on反省。句意：突然，她看到了一段狗坐在轮椅上的视频。根据下文"a video of dogs in wheelchairs."That's it!"she thought"可知，她突然看到了一段狗坐在轮椅上的视频，空格处是"无意中发现"。故选B。
（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.teacher老师；B.guest客人；C.volunteer志愿者；D.doctor医生。句意：她是那里的固定志愿者。根据下文Now，as the young volunteer watched the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs happily可知，她是那里的固定志愿者。故选C。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.care照顾；B.duty职责；C.recognition认可；D.courage勇气。句意：当她了解到年老和残疾的动物因为它们无法行走，需要额外的照顾而通常会被无痛地杀死时，她哭了，根据上文"they can't walk"可知，那些动物因为不能走路所以需要额外的照顾。故选A。
（4）考查副词及语境理解。A.cautiously谨慎地；B.worriedly担心地；C.healthily健康地；D.freely自由地。句意：现在，当Shaine看着视频中残疾的狗在小轮椅上高兴而自由地移动时，她的心里充满了希望。根据上文"the disabled dogs in the video moving around in tiny wheelchairs"可知，残疾的狗可以坐着轮椅自由移动，女孩感到很高兴。故选D。
（5）考查名词及语境理解。A.sympathy同情；B.curiosity好奇心；C.hope希望；D.doubt怀疑。句意：现在，当Shaine看着视频中残疾的狗在小轮椅上快乐而自由地移动时，她的心里充满了希望。根据下文"I can make wheelchairs for senior and disabled animals"可知，Shaine觉得自己可以帮那些狗做轮椅，所以是心里充满了希望。故选C。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.carried搬运；B.clicked点击；C.counted数数；D.rested休息。句意：当Shaine点击了无数视频，展示如何为动物制作微型移动"轮车"时，她的兴奋之情与日俱增。根据下文"on countless videos"可知，她点击视频。故选B。
（7）考查名词及语境理解。A.excitement兴奋；B.pride骄傲；C.relief宽慰，轻松；D.astonishment震惊。句意：当Shaine点击了无数视频，展示如何为动物制作微型移动"轮车"时，她的兴奋之情与日俱增。根据下文"The next day，Shaine headed to the hardware store and some PVC pipes，foam and wheels and began with designs"可知，当Shaine点击了无数视频，展示如何为动物制作微型移动"轮车"时，她的兴奋之情与日俱增。故选A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.produced生产；B.gathered聚集；C.arranged安排；D.bought买。句意：第二天，Shaine去了五金店，买了一些PVC管、泡沫和轮子，开始试验各种设计。根据上文"Shaine headed to the hardware store"可知，Shaine在店里买了些东西。故选D。
（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.comparing比较；B.dealing处理；C.consulting咨询；D.experimenting做实验。句意：第二天，Shaine去了五金店，买了一些PVC管、泡沫和轮子，开始试验各种设计。根据下文"She tested out the carts"可知，她试验各种设计。故选D。
（10）考查连词及语境理解。A.Before在……之前；B.Once—旦；C.Unless除非；D.Though虽然。句意：一旦她找到一个有效的模型，她就联系她认识的兽医。根据下文"she found a model that worked，she reached out to veterinarians"可知，一旦她找到一个有效的模型，她就联系她认识的兽医。故选B。
（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.accustomed习惯的；B.limited有限的；C.committed忠诚的，投入的；D.submitted服从的。句意：看到一只7个月大的残疾小狗Cypress坐着轮椅起飞，Shaine对她的项目更加投入。根据下文"She posted pictures of her carts on Instagram，and soon orders started coming in"可知，看到一只7个月大的残疾小狗Cypress坐着轮椅起飞，Shaine对她的项目更加投入。故选C。
（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.investments投资；B.profits利润；C.orders订单；D.advertisements广告。句意：她在网上发布了她的购物车的照片，很快订单就开始源源不断。根据下文then custom﹣makes each wheelchair for the furry friends可知，她有了很多的订单。故选C。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.measurements（身材）尺寸；B.comments评论；C.expectations期望；D.behaviors行为。句意：Shaine要求测量动物的尺寸，然后为这些毛茸茸的朋友们定制每一辆轮椅。根据下文"custom﹣makes each wheelchair for the furry friends"可知，谢恩要求测量动物的尺寸。故选A。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.estimate估计；B.reduce减少；C.spread传播；D.cover支付。句意：她接受的钱只够支付费用。根据上文"She accepts just enough money"和下文"costs"可知，她接受的钱只够支付费用。故选D。
（15）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sensitive敏感的；B.considerate体贴的；C.ambitious有抱负的；D.patient耐心的。句意："我很高兴我能满足这种需求。"这个体贴的小女孩说道，"帮助残疾的宠物对我来说意味着整个世界。"根据前文I'm so pleased that I am able to fill a need可知，这个小女孩很体贴。故选B。
【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应和语境。
三．阅读理解（共4小题）
7．（2024春 广州期末）
Too Much of a Good Thing—the Law of Unintended Consequences
Government leaders try hard to make the best decisions.Sometimes they survey the general public，get expert advice and hold meetings.Of course，we already know the following from Aesop's fable "The Man，the Boy，and the Donkey"：please all，and you will please none.The policy﹣makers are well aware of that.But sadly，there are in fact times when decisions made in good faith and with the best of intentions result in undesired outcomes.
In Australia
A large toad（蟾蜍），known as the cane toad，native to the southern United States and Brazil，was introduced into Australia to control a kind of pests（害虫） harmful to people's crops.This introduction of a foreign species was done after careful examination.At that time，it was believed that the introduction of the toad had served its purpose.However，later studies concluded that the cane toad's huge appetite has caused considerable damage to the native Australian ecosystem，with its number totally out of control.
In Iceland
A lovely purple flower，the Alaskan Lupin is a big concern in Iceland.The species was introduced into Iceland to prevent soil from being washed away.But it grew and spread like a weed，threatening the growth of nearby plants.Now the government is working on having students from Iceland and abroad moving in to cut down the Lupin and，if possible，remove its seeds from the ground.
In Canada
Canadian Forest Service has become "too successful" with its fire﹣prevention policy.Fire is a natural part of the life cycle of forests，and the reduction of forest fires created new problems.Aged trees which should have been killed off by fire are easily infected by pests and diseases and pass them to neighboring trees.They are now threatening to destroy the forests of British Columbia and Alberta.
（1）What does the underlined word "that" in paragraph 1 mean？ 　A　
A.It's impossible to satisfy everyone.
B.It's important to have good manners.
C.It's challenging to collect opinions.
D.It's necessary to predict the future.
（2）What do Australia and Iceland have in common according to the text？ 　B　
A.They suffered economic loss.
B.They imported a foreign species.
C.They achieved what they desired.
D.They managed to deal with the trouble.
（3）What does the writer try to tell us？ 　D　
A.Introduction of a foreign species is a mistake.
B.Too many good things can bring bad consequences.
C.Policy making should be taken more seriously.
D.Good intentions may not lead to desired results.
【答案】ABD
【分析】本文为说明文。短文主要讨论了政府在制定政策时，尽管出发点良好，但有时会导致意想不到的负面后果。文章通过三个例子说明了这一点：澳大利亚引入甘蔗蟾蜍控制害虫却破坏了当地生态；冰岛引进阿拉斯加鲁冰花防止土壤侵蚀，结果这种植物过度生长威胁到其他植物；加拿大的森林防火政策过于成功，导致老树易受病虫害影响，反而威胁到森林的健康。这些例子都体现了好意的政策可能带来不良后果的现象。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据第一段please all，and you will please none.（取悦所有人，最后你会取悦不了任何人）可知，接下来句子提到政策制定者很清楚这一点，即不可能满足所有人的需求，因此"that"指的就是"取悦所有人是不可能的"这个事实。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据In Australia部分的A large toad（蟾蜍），known as the cane toad，native to the southern United States and Brazil，was introduced into Australia to control a kind of pests（害虫） harmful to people's crops.（一种名为蔗蟾蜍的大型蟾蜍，原产于美国南部和巴西，被引入澳大利亚以控制一种对人们农作物有害的害虫。）和In Iceland部分的A lovely purple flower，the Alaskan Lupin is a big concern in Iceland.The species was introduced into Iceland to prevent soil from being washed away.（阿拉斯加羽扇豆是一种可爱的紫色花朵，在冰岛备受关注。该物种被引入冰岛，以防止土壤被冲走。）可知，这两个国家的共同点是它们都引入了外来物种。故选B。
（3）写作意图题。根据第一段But sadly，there are in fact times when decisions made in good faith and with the best of intentions result in undesired outcomes.（但遗憾的是，事实上，有时出于善意和最佳意图做出的决定会导致不希望的结果。）可知，作者试图告诉我们，良好的意图可能不会带来预期的结果。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
8．（2022春 广州期末）You might think of martial arts movies when you see people performing graceful moves down the river，all standing on a bamboo strip，but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage：bamboo drifting.
Over 2，000 years ago，the high﹣quality wood，nanmu，in Guizhou was in great demand by the royal court more than 2，000 kilometers to the north.With no better transportation，people had to stand on one log to drift down the river.Later，local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was born.In the Qing Dynasty，wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.Due to the skills it takes for one to master this act，bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list this year.
Yang Liu，a 24﹣year﹣old inheritor of bamboo drifting，learned it at 7. "Usually，the bamboo under your feet is about 9 meters long，and the bamboo in your hands is about 5 meters.If the length or diameter of the bamboo is not long enough，it will not float.Keeping our feet firmly positioned on the narrow bamboo pole is the key，so we should fight against the current by constantly changing the angle.I lost my balance and fell in the water many times while practicing.Once I fell，I gave it another try until I knew how to handle the most difficult part." she said.
The love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going.In the past 17 years，she has drifted all year round，in winter cold and summer heat.As hanfu culture has been on the rise，Yang started wearing hanfu while performing，creating a more beautiful feel.In 2020，Yang began to post her videos on social media. "I'm extremely proud to get responses from viewers that bamboo drifting makes the line between what is possible and impossible unclear.It's my mission to keep it alive and known to more people，" Yang Liu told China Daily.
（1）What can be learned from the first two paragraphs？ 　D　
A．The martial arts movie is a form of cultural heritage.
B．Nanmu was delivered to the north by land.
C．Bamboo was costly in Guizhou 2，000 years ago.
D．Bamboo drifting involves lots of skills.
（2）What is the biggest challenge in bamboo drifting？ 　D　
A．Finding the proper bamboo.
B．Holding the bamboo firmly in hands.
C．Maintaining a fixed angle.
D．Keeping balance.
（3）What do the viewers think of bamboo drifting？ 　A　
A．Unbelievable.
B．Impossible.
C．Confusing.
D．Complicated.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？ 　C　
A．Transporting Bamboo down the River.
B．Intangible Cultural Heritage in Guizhou.
C．Balancing with Grace.
D．Yang Liu：a Creative Performer.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了国家非物质文化遗产﹣﹣﹣竹筏漂流，介绍了这项古老技艺的历史、特点以及人们对竹筏漂流的看法。
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Due to the skills it takes for one to master this act，bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list this year.（由于掌握这项技术，竹海漂流今年被列入国家非物质文化遗产名录。）可知，竹筏漂流需要很多技巧。故选D。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段中的Keeping our feet firmly positioned on the narrow bamboo pole is the key，so we should fight against the current by constantly changing the angle.（把脚牢牢地放在狭窄的竹竿上是关键，所以我们应该通过不断改变角度来对抗水流。）可知，竹筏漂流最大的挑战是保持平衡。故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I'm extremely proud to get responses from viewers that bamboo drifting makes the line between what is possible and impossible unclear.（从观众那里得到的反馈是：竹海漂流使可能和不可能之间的界限变得模糊，我感到非常自豪。）可知，观众认为竹子漂流不可思议。故选A。
（4）C.标题判断题。根据第一段You might think of martial arts movies when you see people performing graceful moves down the river，all standing on a bamboo strip，but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage：bamboo drifting.（当你看到人们站在一条竹带上，沿着河流优雅地舞动时，你可能会想到武术电影，但实际上这是一种非物质文化遗产：竹筏漂流。）结合文章主要介绍了国家非物质文化遗产﹣﹣﹣竹筏漂流，介绍了这项古老技艺的历史、特点以及人们对竹筏漂流的看法。可知，这篇文章的最佳标题是：优雅地平衡。结合选项：A.Transporting Bamboo down the River把竹子运到河里；B.Intangible Cultural Heritage in Guizhou贵州非物质文化遗产；C.Balancing with Grace优雅地平衡；D.Yang Liu：a Creative Performer杨刘：一个有创造力的演员。故选C。
【点评】做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
9．（2023春 广州期末） People have always had trouble pronouncing his name.The 19th﹣century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong.If you don't speak German，it's not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it.A safe bet is to start with a hard 'g' on 'Ger...' and end with a 'ter'：Ger﹣ter.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe's big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare，Dante and Homer.He was excellent in a wide range of areas：he wrote many poems，was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology，geology and botany.He was also a diplomat，fashion guru （专家），a senior civil servant，the head of a university，a fine artist，an adventurous traveller，the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.
During his life，Goethe's admirers were impressed by his literary works.But more than any of his books，what impressed people at the time was how he lived his life，the kind of person he was.The life was more significant than the books （which helps explain why，unlike Jane Austen or Marcel Proust，his literary works are relatively unknown）.
Goethe was born in the city of Frankfurt in 1749.His family was comfortably off—it was new money，made from keeping an inn.
Goethe's parents took great care with his schooling：he was mainly educated at home；he wrote poetry for his friends，took art classes，and learned Italian.He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors.As a member of the upper class，he wore a sword in public from the age of 12.
Goethe studied at the University of Leipzig and later did a master's degree in law at the University of Strasbourg.He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower.He was afraid of heights.But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view.
（1）Why was Benjamin Disraeli laughed at in Parliament？ 　C　
A．He pronounced his own name wrongly.
B．He didn't know how to speak German.
C．He couldn't say Goethe's name correctly.
D．He once wrote Goethe as Ger﹣ter mistakenly.
（2）What is special about Goethe，compared to Shakespeare，Dante and Homer？ 　A　
A．He did well in a variety of fields.
B．He was a British big cultural hero.
C．He was one of the literature masters.
D．He wrote numerous novels and poems.
（3）What can we know about Goethe？ 　B　
A．Goethe ran an inn with comfortable rooms by himself.
B．Goethe's parents devoted themselves to his education.
C．Goethe's literary works impressed people most at his time.
D．Goethe belonged to the upper class due to his royal family.
（4）Which can best describe Goethe's personality？ 　D　
A．Cautious and famous.
B．Selfless and confident.
C．Honest and generous.
D．Brave and intelligent.
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了两位历史人物：本杰明 迪斯雷利和约翰 沃尔夫冈 冯 歌德。迪斯雷利是19世纪英国的首相，他的名字常常被人们发音错误。而歌德则是欧洲的文化英雄，他在文学、科学、外交等领域都有出色的表现。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段People have always had trouble pronouncing his name.The 19th﹣century British prime minister Benjamin Disraeli was once laughed at in Parliament for getting it wrong.If you don't speak German，it's not at all obvious how you are supposed to say it.A safe bet is to start with a hard 'g' on 'Ger...' and end with a 'ter'：Ger﹣ter.（人们总是很难念出他的名字。19世纪的英国首相本杰明 迪斯雷利曾因搞错了这个词而在议会受到嘲笑。如果你不会说德语，你应该怎么说就不那么明显了。一个安全的选择是以'Ger'开头的'g'开头。，并以'ter'结尾：Ger﹣ter。）以及第二段Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe's big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare，Dante and Homer.（约翰 沃尔夫冈 冯 歌德经常被视为欧洲伟大的文化英雄之一，可以与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相提并论。）可知，英国首相本杰明 迪斯雷利念错了Johann Wolfgang von Goethe的名字，所以被嘲笑。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第二段He was excellent in a wide range of areas：he wrote many poems，was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology，geology and botany.He was also a diplomat，fashion guru（专家），a senior civil servant，the head of a university，a fine artist，an adventurous traveller，the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.（他在很多领域都很优秀：他写了很多诗，是一个大获成功的小说家，并在生理学、地质学和植物学方面做出了科学贡献。他还是一名外交官、时尚大师、高级公务员、大学校长、优秀艺术家、爱冒险的旅行家、一家剧团的导演和一家矿业公司的负责人。）可知，与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相比较，歌德还在很多领域有建树，故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段Goethe's parents took great care with his schooling：he was mainly educated at home；he wrote poetry for his friends，took art classes，and learned Italian.He went to the theatre a lot and became friends with actors.As a member of the upper class，he wore a sword in public from the age of 12.（歌德的父母对他的教育非常关心：他主要在家里接受教育；他为朋友写诗，上美术课，学习意大利语。他经常去剧院，和演员们成了朋友。作为上流社会的一员，他从12岁起就在公共场合佩剑。）可知，歌德的父母对歌德的教育很用心，都致力于对他的教育，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据第二段Johann Wolfgang von Goethe has often been seen as one of Europe's big cultural heroes— comparable to the likes of Shakespeare，Dante and Homer.He was excellent in a wide range of areas：he wrote many poems，was a huge hit as a novelist and made scientific contributions in physiology，geology and botany.He was also a diplomat，fashion guru （专家），a senior civil servant，the head of a university，a fine artist，an adventurous traveller，the director of a theatre company and the head of a mining company.（约翰 沃尔夫冈 冯 歌德经常被视为欧洲伟大的文化英雄之一，可以与莎士比亚、但丁和荷马相提并论。他在很多领域都很优秀：他写了很多诗，是一个大获成功的小说家，并在生理学、地质学和植物学方面做出了科学贡献。他还是一名外交官、时尚大师、高级公务员、大学校长、优秀艺术家、爱冒险的旅行家、一家剧团的导演和一家矿业公司的负责人。）以及最后一段He often went to a viewing platform high up on a nearby cathedral tower.He was afraid of heights.But he made himself do it because he liked to overcome difficulties—and loved the view. （他经常去附近一座大教堂高塔上的观景台。他恐高。但他强迫自己这样做，因为他喜欢克服困难﹣﹣而且喜欢那里的景色。）可知，歌德在很多领域都很杰出，他也很勇敢，喜欢战胜困难，所以他是一个智勇兼备的人，A.Cautious and famous谨慎有名的；B.Selfless and confident无私自信的；C.Honest and generous诚实大方的；D.Brave and intelligent勇敢聪明的。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
10．（2023春 广州期末）How often one hears children wishing they were grown up，and old people wishing they were young again.Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.
Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.If a child has good parents，he is fed，looked after and loved，whatever he may do.It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.In addition，life is always presenting new things to the child — things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well﹣known.But a child has his parents，he is not so free to do what he wishes to do；he is continually being told not to do things or being punished for what he has done wrong.
When the young man starts to earn his own living，he can no longer expect others to pay for his food，his clothes，and his room，but has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents，he may go to prison.If，however，he works hard，keeps out of trouble and has good health，he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.
（1）According to the second paragraph，the writer thinks that 　A　 .
A．life for a child is comparatively easy
B．only children are interested in life
C．if much is given to a child，he must do something in return
D．a child is always loved whatever he does
（2）From the author's perspective，after a child grows up，he 　C　 .
A．has to be successful in finding a job
B．will have little time playing
C．should be able to take care of himself
D．can still ask for help in time of trouble
（3）The main idea of the passage is that 　C　 .
A．young men can have the greatest happiness if they work hard
B．life is not enjoyable since each age has some pains
C．one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life
D．childhood is the more enjoyable time in one's life
（4）The paragraph following this passage will most probably discuss 　D　 .
A．how to build up one's position in society
B．examples of successful young men
C．what to do when one has problems in life
D．pleasures and pains of old people
【答案】ACCD
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述一个人如果能很好地利用生命中的每一个年龄，他就是最幸福的。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities to make life difficult.If a child has good parents，he is fed，looked after and loved，whatever he may do.It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.（童年是一个几乎没有责任让生活变得困难的时期。如果一个孩子有好的父母，无论他做什么，他都会得到喂养、照顾和关爱。他不可能在一生中再次得到如此多的东西而不做任何回报。）可知，作者认为孩子的生活相对容易。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段When the young man starts to earn his own living，he can no longer expect others to pay for his food，his clothes，and his room，but has to work if he wants to live comfortably.（当一个年轻人开始自己谋生时，他就不能再指望别人为他支付衣食住行，如果他想生活得舒适，他就必须工作。）可知，孩子长大后就应该有能力照顾自己。故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。根据第一段Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.（每个年龄段都有它的快乐和痛苦，最幸福的人是享受每个年龄段给予他的东西而不在无用的悔恨中浪费时间的人。）结合下文讨论儿童和年轻人生活中的快乐和痛苦，可知，本文主要为了表明一个人如果能很好地利用生命中的每一个年龄，他就是最幸福的。C．one is the happiest if he can make good use of each age in his life.（如果一个人能很好地利用他生命中的每一个年龄，他就是最幸福的。）符合文意，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第一段Each age has its pleasures and its pains，and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.（每个年龄段都有它的快乐和痛苦，最幸福的人是享受每个年龄段给予他的东西而不在无用的悔恨中浪费时间的人。）并结合第二、三段分别讨论儿童和年轻人生活中的快乐和痛苦推知，下文应讨论老人生活中的快乐和痛苦。故选D。
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。
四．信息匹配（共1小题）
11．（2023春 花都区校级期末） My aunt，uncle，and cousin Marc invited me to visit them in Amsterdam to celebrate the weekend of Koningsdag，which is Dutch for "King's Day".Of course，we have royal celebrations back home in the UK，but I had never seen anything quite like this before!
（1）　F　 It is celebrated by people of all ages，and many tourists travel from different countries to be part of the festivities.It is reported that almost a million people visited Amsterdam for King's Day.
When we arrived in the city centre，every street was crowded with people dressed from head to toe in orange.（2）　G　 We passed street parties with people dancing，and stalls selling a variety of food.Round every corner we found ourselves in what looked like a street﹣market.Marc told me that it was one of the traditional events on King's Day.People had brought any unwanted items that they owned and were trading and selling them on the street.（3）　A　
Tired out from all the dancing，we decided to go for a walk around city.We passed the Rijksmuseum，one of the most famous museums in Amsterdam，and I was surprised when Marc asked me if I wanted to go in.（4）　E　 However，when we got inside，I saw that it was packed with people dressed in orange.It was certainly more interesting than visiting museums back home.
We stayed out until around 10 pm and then made our way back home with the celebrations still going on.Marc told me that they continued all night.（5）　C　 l would have to say that King's Day is one of the most unusual festivals that I have ever been to，and one that I will never forget.
A．Even Children were trading their old books and toys.
B．Everybody in the Netherlands is given a day off work or school.
C．He added that if I came next year，we could stay out a bit later.
D．We were really hungry and decided to go in for something to eat.
E．It seemed like a strange thing to do in the middle of a huge carnival.
F．King's Day is a traditional celebration of the Dutch emperor's birthday.
G．These colorfully dressed people were dancing，singing and haying an amazing time.
【答案】FGAEC
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在阿姆斯特丹的国王节那天的所见所闻。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据下文It is celebrated by people of all ages，and many tourists travel from different countries to be part of the festivities（各个年龄段的人都会庆祝这个节日，许多来自不同国家的游客也会来参加这个节日），可知F项"国王节是荷兰皇帝生日的传统庆祝活动"符合语境，下文的It指代F项中的King's Day，故选F。
（2）推理判断题。根据上文When we arrived in the city centre，every street was crowded with people dressed from head to toe in orange.（当我们到达市中心时，每条街道上都挤满了从头到脚穿着橙色衣服的人），可知G项"这些穿着花哨的人在跳舞、唱歌，玩得很开心"可以承接上文，介绍国王节时人们的穿着，故选G。
（3）推理判断题。根据上文People had brought any unwanted items that they owned and were trading and selling them on the street（人们把自己不需要的东西都带来，在街上交易和出售），可知A项"甚至孩子们也在交换他们的旧书和玩具"顺接上文，有递进关系，说明孩子们也在进行旧书和玩具的交易，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据上文We passed the Rijksmuseum，one of the most famous museums in Amsterdam，and I was surprised when Marc asked me if I wanted to go in （我们经过阿姆斯特丹最著名的博物馆之一国家博物馆，当马克问我是否想进去时，我很惊讶），可知E项"在一个盛大的狂欢节中做这件事似乎很奇怪"顺接上文，是对上文中I was surprised的解释，故选E。
（5）推理判断题。根据上文Marc told me that they continued all night （马克告诉我他们玩了通宵），可知C项"他补充说，如果我明年来，我们可以在外面待得晚一点"顺接上文，He指代上文的Marc，stay out a bit later与上文的stayed out until around 10 pm相呼应，故选C。
【点评】做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
五．语法填空（共1小题）
12．（2022春 天河区校级期末）Xi Jinping，general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee，conferred（授予） the July 1 Medal on 29 outstanding Party members，one of （1）　whom　 was Zhang Guimei.She founded a high school，（2）　offering　 （offer） free education to girls in a less﹣developed area of Yunnan province.
Zhang's efforts helped nearly 2，000 girls go to college.She visited poor （3）　families　 （family） and persuaded them not to let their children drop out of school.This shows （4）　how　 educators should work with a greater sense of responsibility.
Another important lesson from Zhang's story is that we should take a long﹣term view of rural education.Zhang has been working（5）　to improve　 （improve） education in rural areas because of her high degree of （6）　commitment　 （commit） and making the education of talents her goal. （7）　It　 is because of the very goal that Zhang could overcome difficulties，and help the poor throw off（8）　the　 wrong idea that "education is useless".It also reminds us that more efforts should （9）　be made　 （make）to develop education in rural areas，and we should focus （10）　on　 long﹣term goals and interests.
【答案】（1）whom（2）offering（3）families（4）how（5）to improve（6）commitment（7）It（8）the（9）be made（10）on
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了被习近平主席授予七一奖章的创办女子高中的张桂梅的事迹及从中收到的启发。
【解答】（1）whom.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国共产党中央委员会总书记习近平主席把七一奖章授予了29名优秀党员，其中有张。先行词为人，在非限制性定语从句中作介词的宾语，故填whom。
（2）offering.考查现在分词。句意：中国共产党中央委员会总书记习近平主席把七一奖章授予了29名优秀党员，其中有张。offer和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填offering。
（3）families.考查可数名词的复数。句意：她拜访了贫困家庭，说服他们不要让自己的孩子辍学。作宾语，所以用名词，family为可数名词，所以用名词复数泛指，故填families。
（4）how.考查宾语从句。句意：这说明教育工作者工作时应该有更大的责任感。引导宾语从句，表示"如何"，故填how。
（5）to improve.考查动词不定式。句意：由于她的高度投入，她一直致力于改善农村地区的教育，并把人才教育作为她的目标。不定式作目的状语，故填to improve。
（6）commitment.考查不可数名词。句意：由于她的高度投入，她一直致力于改善农村地区的教育，并把人才教育作为她的目标。作介词的宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填commitment。
（7）It.考查强调句。句意：正是因为这个目标，张才能克服困难，帮助贫困家庭摆脱"教育无用"的错误观念。分析句子结构可知，此处使用it is+强调部分+剩余部分的强调句式，强调了句中的原因状语，it 位于句首注意大写，故填It。
（8）the.考查冠词。句意：正是因为这个目标，张才能克服困难，帮助贫困家庭摆脱"教育无用"的错误观念。结合句意分析句子结构可知，wrong idea表特指，前边缺少定冠词the，故填the。
（9）be made.考查动词语态。句意：这也提醒我们，要大力发展农村教育，要着眼长远目标和长远利益。分析句子结构可知，情态动词should后要使用动词原形，而efforts与make之间为被动关系，要使用被动语态，故填be made。
（10）on.考查介词。句意：这也提醒我们，要大力发展农村教育，要着眼长远目标和长远利益。短语 focus on"关注"符合句意，故填on。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
六．单词拼写（共5小题）
13．（2024春 番禺区期末）Many people spend years s 　earching　 （寻找） for the peace of mind，often with little success.
【答案】searching
【分析】许多人花费数年时间寻找内心的平静，但往往收效甚微。
【解答】根据首字母和汉语提示"寻找"，可知用动词短语search for，已给出for，此处为动词短语spend time （in） doing sth."花费时间做某事"，所以用动名词。
故填：searching。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语意思明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词做出形式上的变化。
14．（2024春 番禺区期末）Although d 　efeated　 （打败） in the competition，we still take pride in our efforts and determination to compete.
【答案】defeated
【分析】虽然在比赛中失败了，但我们仍然为自己的努力和竞争的决心感到自豪。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"打败"可译为defeat，与we之间是动宾关系，为非谓语动词，用"although+过去分词"结构作状语。
故填：defeated。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语以及首字母明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词做出形式上的变化。
15．（2024春 番禺区期末）I am constantly p 　ursuing　 （追求） excellence in my study，pushing myself to reach new heights and achieving results that exceed expectations.
【答案】pursuing
【分析】我在学习上不断追求卓越，不断推动自己达到新的高度，取得超出预期的成绩。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"追求"可译为pursue，根据句中am constantly可知，要用现在进行时。
故填：pursuing。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语以及首字母明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词做出形式上的变化。
16．（2024春 番禺区期末）The p 　rofessor　 （教授），a well﹣respected figure in the field of biology，has published numerous books and articles on the subject.
【答案】professor
【分析】这位教授是生物学领域的一位德高望重的人物，在这方面出版了许多书籍和文章。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"教授"可译为professor，根据下文a well﹣respected figure in the field of biology可知，要用单数形式。
故填：professor。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语以及首字母明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词做出形式上的变化。
17．（2024春 番禺区期末）I received a sense of s 　atisfaction　 （满足） after completing the challenging task，knowing that it had been done to the best of my ability.
【答案】satisfaction
【分析】在完成了具有挑战性的任务后，我有一种满足感，因为我知道我已经尽了最大的努力。
【解答】根据括号内词义，"满足"可译为satisfaction，是不可数名词。
故填：satisfaction。
【点评】做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语以及首字母明确句子所要考查的单词的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词做出形式上的变化。
七．翻译题（共5小题）
18．（2021春 广州期末）在淘金热期间，许多人从世界各地来到旧金山闯世界。
During the period of gold rush，many people came from all over the world to 　make　 their 　fortune　 in San Francisco.
【答案】make，fortune
【分析】在淘金热期间，许多人从世界各地来到旧金山闯世界。
【解答】答案：make，fortune.本题考查汉译英。根据题干及汉语提示空格处缺少"发财"的意思，可以翻译成make their fortune ，故填make，fortune.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
19．（2021春 广州期末）虽然面临很多挑战，屠呦呦和她的团队成员坚持以身试药，以确保安全。
Although 　facing　 lots of challenges，Tu Youyou and her team members 　tried out　 the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.
【答案】facing，tried out
【分析】虽然面临很多挑战，屠呦呦和她的团队成员坚持以身试药，以确保安全。
【解答】答案：facing，tried out.本题考查汉译英。根据题干及汉语提示第一空格处缺少"面对，面临"的意思，在句子中做让步状语，应使用动词"face"，此处做让步状语，与主语是逻辑上的主动关系应使用能够现在分词。第二空格处缺少"试验"的意思，应使用动词词组try out，此处做谓语动词，应使用一般过去时，故填facing，tried out.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
20．（2021春 广州期末）那个男孩如此被游戏所吸引住，以至于所有功课都落后了。
The boy was so 　addicted to　 the computer games that he left all his homework behind.
【答案】addicted to
【分析】那个男孩如此被游戏所吸引住，以至于所有功课都落后了。
【解答】答案：addicted to.本题考查汉译英。根据题干及汉语提示空格处缺少"被...吸引"的意思，在句子中做表语，应使用固定搭配be addicted to，故填addicted to.
【点评】本题考查汉译英。汉译英是基础题，需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等，来选择合适的单词或者短语。
21．（2021春 广州期末）Further information 　about　 the course can be obtained on our website.
更多有关于这门课程的信息可以在我们的网站获取。
【答案】about
【分析】更多有关于这门课程的信息可以在我们的网站获取。
【解答】根据句意可知表示"关于"，修饰名词the course，用介词about，故填about.
【点评】汉译英基本步骤：
1．理解：通读并透彻理解原文原句含义。
2．翻译：确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词。
3．审校：首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。
22．（2021春 广州期末）Yesterday he 　apologized to the boss for　 being late for work.
昨天他因上班迟到而向老板道歉。
【答案】apologized to the boss for
【分析】昨天他因上班迟到而向老板道歉.
【解答】根据句意可知表示"因......向某人道歉"，用固定短语apologize to sb for，和Yesterday一致，谓语动词用过去式，故填apologized to the boss for.
【点评】汉译英基本步骤：
1．理解：通读并透彻理解原文原句含义。
2．翻译：确定译文句子的时态、句型、结构和用词。
3．审校：首先检查译文是否正确地转述了原文内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等。发现错误，及时改正。
八．书面表达（共1小题）
23．（2024春 天河区校级期末）假设学校读书节正在进行中外经典文学作品读书分享征稿活动"My Favourite Character"，请你写一篇英语文章投稿，内容包括：
（1）简要介绍一部经典文学作品；
（2）介绍这部作品中你最喜欢的角色：
①角色的品质以及体现品质的事迹；
②角色给你带来的启发。
注意：
（1）词数 100 以上；
（2）可增加连接成分，使结构清晰，行文连贯；
（3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival，I would like to share with you my favourite character from
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】高分句型一：Written by Mark Twain，the story features Henry Adams，a penniless American man，whose life totally changed after receiving a million﹣pound bank note from two wealthy brothers.
翻译：这个故事由马克 吐温所写，讲述了一个身无分文的美国人亨利 亚当斯的故事，他从两个富有的兄弟那里收到一张100万英镑的钞票后，他的生活彻底改变了。
分析：本句使用了过去分词短语Written by Mark Twain作状语以及whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
高分句型二：Among the various characters in the story，my favorite character is Henry Adams，whose outstanding qualities leave a deep impression on me.
翻译：在故事中的各种角色中，我最喜欢的角色是亨利 亚当斯，他的杰出品质给我留下了深刻的印象。
分析：本句使用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句。
【解答】
My Favourite Character
As part of the school reading festival，I would like to share with you my favourite character from the classic story，The Million Pound Bank Note.Written by Mark Twain，the story features Henry Adams，a penniless American man，whose life totally changed after receiving a million﹣pound bank note from two wealthy brothers.【高分句型一】（简要介绍一部经典文学作品）
Among the various characters in the story，my favorite character is Henry Adams，whose outstanding qualities leave a deep impression on me.【高分句型二】Such an honest man is he that he would rather earn a living by working hard instead of receiving a charity from the two brothers.Besides，he inspires me with his integrity and compassion，who refuses to take advantage of his newfound wealth but instead uses it to help others in need.What moves me most is his optimistic attitude to life.Faced with numerous challenges and difficulties，he always stays positive，tackling problems with determination and perseverance.（介绍这部作品中你最喜欢的角色）
It is Henry's noble personality that motivates me to pursue my dream positively even in face of the most difficult circumstances.（启发）
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。
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