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人教版2019高中英语选择性必修三Unit 3Environmental Protection重难点过关练
一、单词拼写
1. We should take action to protect the e__________ (环境) for our future generations.
2. The government is trying to reduce air p__________ (污染) in big cities.
3. It's everyone's duty to save natural r__________ (资源) like water and oil.
4. Many animals are in danger of e__________ (灭绝) because of human activities.
5. We should recycle waste to reduce the amount of g__________ (垃圾).
6. Using renewable energy sources can help to slow down g__________ (全球的) warming.
7. The c__________ (消费者) should choose products with less packaging to reduce waste.
8. Deforestation is a major threat to the b__________ (生物多样性) of the rainforest.
9. We need to raise people's a__________ (意识) of environmental protection.
10. The factory was fined for d__________ (排放) waste water into the river without treatment.
二、词性转换
1. environment（形容词）__________
2. pollute（名词）__________
3. resource（复数）__________
4. extinct（名词）__________
5. global（名词）__________
6. consume（名词）__________
7. biodiversity（形容词）__________
8. aware（名词）__________
9. discharge（现在分词）__________
10. recycle（名词）__________
三、选词填空（从方框中选择合适的词并用其适当形式填空）
| environment, pollute, resource, extinct, garbage, global, consumer, biodiversity, aware, discharge |
|---|
1. The increase in __________ temperature is causing many problems, such as melting ice caps.
2. We should try to use less plastic to reduce the amount of __________ in landfills.
3. Some species are on the verge of __________ due to habitat loss.
4. We need to find new ways to make use of natural __________ without causing too much damage.
5. The __________ should be more responsible for their consumption habits to protect the environment.
6. The government has taken measures to reduce air and water __________.
7. Protecting __________ is crucial for maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.
8. People should be more __________ of the importance of environmental protection.
9. Factories must be prevented from __________ harmful chemicals into the air.
10. We live in a beautiful __________ and we should do our best to protect it.
四、阅读理解
A
Plastic pollution has become a serious global problem. Plastic waste can be found everywhere, from the depths of the ocean to the tops of mountains. It takes hundreds of years for plastic to decompose, which means it stays in the environment for a very long time.
Marine life is particularly affected by plastic pollution. Many sea animals mistake plastic for food and eat it. This can lead to their death as the plastic can block their digestive systems. Birds are also in danger. They often pick up plastic pieces while looking for food, and some die from eating too much plastic.
To solve the plastic pollution problem, individuals can make a difference. We can reduce our use of single - use plastics like plastic bags and straws. Recycling plastic is also important. By recycling, we can reduce the amount of new plastic being produced.
1. What is the main problem described in the passage
A. Air pollution.
B. Plastic pollution.
C. Water pollution.
D. Noise pollution.
2. Why does plastic stay in the environment for a long time
A. Because it is very strong.
B. Because it is very light.
C. Because it takes hundreds of years to decompose.
D. Because it is used everywhere.
3. How does plastic pollution affect marine life
A. It makes the water dirty.
B. Sea animals mistake plastic for food and may die.
C. It makes the water warmer.
D. It provides more food for sea animals.
4. What can individuals do to solve the plastic pollution problem
A. Use more single - use plastics.
B. Burn plastic waste.
C. Reduce the use of single - use plastics and recycle plastic.
D. Throw plastic into the ocean.
5. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Importance of Recycling
B. Marine Life in Danger
C. Plastic Pollution: A Global Problem and Solutions
D. The Use of Single - Use Plastics
B
Deforestation is another major environmental issue. Every year, large areas of forests are cut down for various reasons, such as logging, agriculture, and urban expansion.
The consequences of deforestation are far - reaching. Forests play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. They are home to countless plant and animal species. When forests are cut down, many species lose their habitats and are at risk of extinction.
Forests also help to regulate the climate. Trees absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, and release oxygen. With fewer trees, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases, contributing to global warming.
To prevent deforestation, strict laws and regulations are needed. Governments should enforce measures to limit logging and protect forest areas. Additionally, promoting sustainable forestry practices can help ensure the long - term health of forests.
6. What is the main cause of deforestation
A. Forest fires.
B. Logging, agriculture, and urban expansion.
C. Climate change.
D. Animal activities.
7. Why are forests important for the ecosystem
A. They are beautiful to look at.
B. They are home to many species.
C. They can be used for building houses.
D. They can be made into paper.
8. How do forests help regulate the climate
A. Trees absorb oxygen and release carbon dioxide.
B. Trees absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
C. Trees make the air cooler.
D. Trees make the air warmer.
9. What can be done to prevent deforestation
A. Cut down more trees.
B. Have no laws to protect forests.
C. Enforce strict laws and promote sustainable forestry practices.
D. Encourage urban expansion.
10. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The causes and consequences of deforestation and how to prevent it.
B. The importance of forests for building houses.
C. The role of forests in making paper.
D. The beauty of forests.
五、完形填空
The environment is facing many challenges. One of the most pressing issues is climate change. The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, 1.__________ a large amount of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. This 2.__________ the greenhouse effect, which causes the Earth's temperature to rise.
Another problem is water pollution. Factories and industries often 3.__________ waste water into rivers, lakes, and the ocean without proper treatment. This pollutes the water and 4.__________ the lives of many aquatic animals and plants.
To 5.__________ these problems, we need to take action. Governments should make strict laws to control pollution. We, as individuals, also have a role to play. We can reduce our energy 6.__________ by using energy - efficient appliances and turning off lights when not in use. We can also 7.__________ to use public transportation, bicycles, or walk instead of driving cars alone.
Protecting the environment is not only for the present but also for the future. We should all work together to 8.__________ a sustainable future for ourselves and for generations to come. If we don't take action now, the consequences will be 9.__________. Let's start from small things and make a 10.__________ to the environment.
1. A. releases B. takes C. brings D. gets
2. A. increases B. reduces C. causes D. stops
3. A. pour B. drink C. use D. save
4. A. improves B. affects C. protects D. helps
5. A. avoid B. solve C. create D. make
6. A. production B. consumption C. pollution D. waste
7. A. try B. refuse C. want D. hope
8. A. build B. destroy C. prevent D. stop
9. A. good B. bad C. helpful D. useful
10. A. difference B. decision C. mistake D. choice
六、语法填空
Environmental protection 1.__________ (be) of great importance in modern society. We 2.__________ (face) many environmental problems, such as pollution, climate change, and loss of biodiversity.
To solve these problems, we need to take various measures. Firstly, we should reduce our carbon footprint. This can 3.__________ (achieve) by using less energy, especially fossil fuels. We can also use renewable energy sources like solar and wind power.
Secondly, we should protect our forests. Forests are 4.__________ (home) to many species and play a vital role in regulating the climate. We should stop deforestation and promote 5.__________ (reforest).
Thirdly, we should raise public awareness. Education can help people 6.__________ (understand) the importance of environmental protection. We can organize campaigns 7.__________ (encourage) people to take action.
In addition, international cooperation is necessary. Environmental problems are global, and no country can solve them alone. Countries should work together 8.__________ (share) knowledge and resources.
Finally, we should all remember that every small action counts. By 9.__________ (make) small changes in our daily lives, we can contribute to 10.__________ (protect) the environment.
参考答案
一、单词拼写答案及解析
1. environment，“环境” 是不可数名词，作protect的宾语。
2. pollution，“污染” 是不可数名词，air pollution表示 “空气污染”。
3. resources，“资源” 常用复数形式表示多种资源，natural resources表示 “自然资源”。
4. extinction，“灭绝” 是不可数名词，in danger of extinction表示 “面临灭绝的危险”。
5. garbage，“垃圾” 是不可数名词，作reduce的宾语。
6. global，“全球的” 是形容词，修饰warming，global warming表示 “全球变暖”。
7. consumer，“消费者” 是可数名词，根据语境这里可以用单数或复数形式，the consumer表示 “消费者” 这一群体。
8. biodiversity，“生物多样性” 是不可数名词，作to的宾语。
9. awareness，“意识” 是不可数名词，raise one's awareness of表示 “提高某人的……意识”。
10. discharging，“排放”，for是介词，后接动词 - ing形式，discharge的 - ing形式是discharging。
二、词性转换答案及解析
1. environmental，environment的形容词形式，意为 “环境的；有关环境的”，如environmental protection（环境保护）。
2. pollution，pollute的名词形式，意为 “污染；污染物”，如water pollution（水污染）。
3. resources，resource的复数形式，直接在词尾加s。
4. extinction，extinct的名词形式，意为 “灭绝；绝种”，如the extinction of species（物种的灭绝）。
5. globalization，global的名词形式，意为 “全球化”，如the process of globalization（全球化进程）。
6. consumer，consume的名词形式，意为 “消费者；顾客”，如consumer rights（消费者权益）。
7. biodiverse，biodiversity的形容词形式，意为 “生物多样性的”，如a biodiverse ecosystem（生物多样性的生态系统）。
8. awareness，aware的名词形式，意为 “意识；认识”，如environmental awareness（环保意识）。
9. discharging，discharge的现在分词形式，可用于进行时态或作伴随状语等，如The factory is discharging waste water.（工厂正在排放废水。）
10. recycling，recycle的名词形式，意为 “回收利用；循环利用”，如Recycling is good for the environment.（回收利用对环境有好处。）
三、选词填空答案及解析
1. global，“全球气温的上升正在导致许多问题”，global修饰名词temperature，global temperature表示 “全球气温”。
2. garbage，“我们应该尽量少用塑料，以减少垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量”，garbage作reduce的宾语。
3. extinction，“一些物种由于栖息地丧失而濒临灭绝”，on the verge of extinction表示 “濒临灭绝”。
4. resources，“我们需要找到新的方法来利用自然资源，而不会造成太大的破坏”，natural resources表示 “自然资源”，用复数形式。
5. consumers，“消费者应该对他们的消费习惯更加负责，以保护环境”，根据语境这里用复数形式表示消费者群体。
6. pollution，“政府已经采取措施减少空气和水污染”，air and water pollution表示 “空气和水污染”，pollution是不可数名词。
7. biodiversity，“保护生物多样性对于维持生态系统的平衡至关重要”，biodiversity作Protecting的宾语。
8. aware，“人们应该更加意识到环境保护的重要性”，be aware of是固定短语，意为 “意识到”。
9. discharging，“必须防止工厂向空气中排放有害化学物质”，prevent...from doing sth.表示 “防止……做某事”，discharge用 - ing形式。
10. environment，“我们生活在一个美丽的环境中，我们应该尽最大努力保护它”，environment作in的宾语。
四、阅读理解答案及解析
1. B，文章开篇指出 “Plastic pollution has become a serious global problem.”，全文围绕塑料污染展开，所以主要问题是塑料污染，选B。
2. C，根据 “It takes hundreds of years for plastic to decompose, which means it stays in the environment for a very long time.” 可知，塑料在环境中存在时间长是因为它分解需要数百年，选C。
3. B，“Many sea animals mistake plastic for food and eat it. This can lead to their death...” 表明塑料污染使海洋动物误食塑料并可能致死，选B。
4. C，“We can reduce our use of single - use plastics like plastic bags and straws. Recycling plastic is also important.” 说明个人可以减少一次性塑料的使用并回收塑料来解决塑料污染问题，选C。
5. C，文章既介绍了塑料污染这一全球问题，又提出了解决办法，C选项 “Plastic Pollution: A Global Problem and Solutions” 最符合文意，选C。
6. B，“Every year, large areas of forests are cut down for various reasons, such as logging, agriculture, and urban expansion.” 表明森林砍伐的主要原因是伐木、农业和城市扩张，选B。
7. B，“Forests play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. They are home to countless plant and animal species.” 说明森林对生态系统重要是因为它是许多物种的栖息地，选B。
8. B，“Trees absorb carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, and release oxygen.” 指出树木通过吸收二氧化碳、释放氧气来调节气候，选B。
9. C，“To prevent deforestation, strict laws and regulations are needed... promoting sustainable forestry practices can help ensure the long - term health of forests.” 表明可以通过执行严格法律和推广可持续林业实践来防止森林砍伐，选C。
10. A，文章讲述了森林砍伐的原因、后果以及预防措施，A选项 “The causes and consequences of deforestation and how to prevent it” 概括了文章主旨，选A。
五、完形填空答案及解析
1. A，“燃烧化石燃料向大气中释放大量二氧化碳”，release表示 “释放”，符合语境，选A。
2. C，释放二氧化碳导致温室效应，cause表示 “引起；导致”，选C。
3. A，工厂把废水排入河流等，pour表示 “倾倒；倒入”，选A。
4. B，水污染影响水生生物的生命，affect表示 “影响”，选B。
5. B，我们需要采取行动解决这些问题，solve表示 “解决”，选B。
6. B，我们可以通过使用节能电器等减少能源消耗，consumption表示 “消耗”，选B。
7. A，我们可以尝试使用公共交通等，try to do sth.表示 “尝试做某事”，选A。
8. A，我们应该共同努力为未来构建一个可持续发展的环境，build表示 “构建；建设”，选A。
9. B，如果不采取行动，后果会很糟糕，bad表示 “糟糕的”，选B。
10. A，make a difference表示 “有影响；起作用”，从身边小事做起，为保护环境发挥作用，选A。
六、语法填空答案及解析
1. is，主语Environmental protection是不可数名词，句子描述一般事实用一般现在时，be动词用is，故填is。
2. are facing，“我们正面临许多环境问题”，用现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行的动作，主语是we，be动词用are，故填are facing。
3. be achieved，“这可以通过使用更少的能源来实现”，this和achieve之间是被动关系，can后接动词原形，用be achieved，故填be achieved。
4. homes，“森林是许多物种的栖息地”，主语Forests是复数，home用复数形式homes，故填homes。
5. reforestation，“我们应该停止森林砍伐并促进重新造林”，promote后接名词，reforest的名词形式是reforestation，故填reforestation。
6. understand，help sb. (to) do sth.表示 “帮助某人做某事”，understand用原形或to understand都可以，故填understand/to understand。
7. to encourage，“我们可以组织活动来鼓励人们采取行动”，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to encourage。
8. to share，“各国应该共同努力分享知识和资源”，用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to share。
9. making，by是介词，后接动词 - ing形式，make的 - ing形式是making，故填

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