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2025年中考英语考前冲刺复习：首字母填空解题技巧+练习题
解题基本思路
1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意；
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分；
3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围；
4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案；
5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。
解题技巧详解
（一） 从词性考查角度分析：
1. 名词一般考查点：单复数形式, 所有格的用法
September 10th is Teachers’ Day.
In autumn after a strong wind, the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.
2. 动词一般考查点：时态，语态的变化
We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.
When you laugh ,you will open your mouth and your teeth.
3. 形容词、副词一般考查点：比较等级的用法
Last Sunday，we played happily in the park, though we were very tired.
Summer is the hottest season of the year.
4. 代词一般考查点：单复数 人称代词 反身代词 指示代词 关系代词 不定代词 等的用法
Help yourself to some fish，Jim.
Mrs Green said to the twins .”Help yourselves to some fish please. ”
This book belongs to Mary. It is hers.
5. 连词一般考查点：并列与从属连词的用法
For years, we played other people’s songs, but now we play mostly our own songs.
She didn’t go to school yesterday ,because she was ill.
（二） 从句子成分角度分析
句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即
主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，
状语，表语、同位语等。
1.名词表示人和物，实词。句中主要作主语和宾语。
例 1：Tony’s family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil. The k was filled with many good smells.
思路分析：the 后接名词，充当主语。根据上文 cooking 等，这里填写 kitchen。
2.动词表示人或事物的动作、行为、发展、变化。句中作谓语和非谓语动词形式。
例 1：Tony is Chinese American. Hisfamily members gather together and serve a traditional Chinese meal once a week. Last week Tony i his friend Amy for it.
思路分析：此空所填词在句中作谓语动词，后跟宾语从句，所以判断此处所填应为及物动词，根据上文中 meal 可知填 invited。
3.形 容 词 主 要 修 饰 名 词 ， 表 示 事 物 的 形 状 、 性 质 、 颜 色 、 状 态等。
例：Don't drive your car in London! Car parks are very e . You have to pay a special congestion charge (拥堵费) to drive your car into the city centre.
思路分析：所填成分在剧中修饰主语 car parks，，修饰名词用形容词，所以判断此空填写的词为形容词。根据下文 a special charge 意思可知填 expensive。
4.副词说明时间、地点、程度、方式等，修饰动词、形容词、整个句子；
例：Tickets at reducedprices are not available for first-class travels or for travels a ,such as
to France or Germany.（上海中考英语真题）
思路分析：所填之空作状语修饰动词，判断此处词性应为副词，根据上下文得出此处填 abroad（adv. 更好的；更多的；较大程度地），修饰 travel。
连词用来连接词与词，词组与词组，句子与句子的虚词，主要表示逻辑关系。
U we are careful, it’s easy to fail to recognized an opportunity when it is in hand.
思路分析：此句中有两个分句，而没有连词链接，所以判断空中填入的应为连词，而根据上下文意，这里应填入表示条件的连词 unless（“除非”）
（三） 其他做题思路：
1.依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：
如:W his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much.
思路分析：从句意我们就知道是“在他的帮助下”， with his help.
2.依据语法知识进行填词：
如:It was a l earlier.
思路分析：从句中的earlier可以看出它是比较级,修饰形容词比较级有前面有a,那肯定就是little.
3.依据常识的积累进行填词：
如:But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one word “S .”
思路分析：Mr. White迟到了，他的朋友很生气，他什么都没说，只说了一个字“S .”
我们根据常识肯定是向他的朋友道歉，所以肯定填sorry.
4.依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：
如： One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He wanted to p his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together.
思路分析：根据句意，Mr. White高兴地开着车去他的朋友家，然后一起去看电影，我们可以进行逻辑推理，他肯定是去接他的朋友，所以填pick.
首字母填空模拟训练
一、单句填空
1．Mr. Chen is humorous and he often tells funny jokes to make us l .
2．The film Born to Fly is well w watching. You can’t miss it.
3．The Sahara is the b desert in the world.
4．It’s so c in winter in Harbin that most people stay in warm houses.
5．Li Dong often d math problems with his classmates.
6．We don’t have umbrellas. We have to wait u the rain stops.
7．Su Lin is sitting by the pool and d orange juice.
8．—What’s the matter with Wu Wei
—She hurt h badly. She has a sore back.
9．You’d better not go out a at night in America because it’s not safe.
10．Mr. Yang’s h include singing, painting and playing chess.
11．（There is no other food that is as s as nang in Xinjiang.
12．Women’s Day and Tree-planting Day are in M .
13．To have a greener life, it is better to walk or ride bicycles i of driving.
14．My mother always gets up e to cook breakfast for me.
15．I have a memory like an elephant and I never f anything.
16．Kate’s room is in good o and everything is in its proper place.
17．I r Wilson’s invitation to the party because I had to study for a test.
18．Our city received a lot of v during May Day holiday.
19．Breakfast is s between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.
20．Another bridge is going to be built a the river this year.
21．Jack’s bike went wrong and he will r it this afternoon.
22．Shenzhou-16 was sent into space in May. We are p of China’s progress.
23．It’s wrong to c other students’ homework. You should do it by yourself.
24．Which s do you prefer, spring or summer
25．—Whose volleyball is this
—It must b to Carla. She loves volleyball a lot.
26．The boy in blue is my c , my uncle’s son.
27．—What’s in the bag
—N . It’s empty.
28．—What do you think of this piece of music
—It s beautiful but a little sad.
29．Chinese family members usually like to get together, e during the Spring Festival.
30．The library is o our school. To get there, we just need to cross the street.
31．Our basketball team won the first place. How e we felt!
32．Many people like pandas. During this May Day holiday, t of tourists came to Chengdu Research Base to watch them.
33．—Is your home n our school
—No, it’s far away.
34．13 Chinese scientific researchers r the top of Mount Qomolangma on May 23, 2023.
35．Don’t speak l . It’s polite to keep your voice down in public.
36．Our school students will w traditional clothes to experience the Sichuan Opera next weekend.
37．Dragon Boat Festival is coming in June, the s month of this year.
38．In 2022, India had more than 1.412 billion people, and the l population can be both good and bad for India.
39．—What’s the m , Nancy
—I have a headache.
40．May is the f month of a year.
41．The telephone was i by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
二、短文填空
一
请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. A short video about seven people wearing prosthetic devices(人造装置) who t___66___ on a desert race challenge has become popular.
The seven disabled people j___67___in the 108-kilometer desert race from May 11 to 14 in Dunhuang, Northwest China’s Gansu Province. Six of the seven had one leg amputated(截肢)，and o___68___had two legs amputated.
Cheng Baojun, a man from Luohe, Central China’s Henan Province, the double amputee, said he never i___69___ he could take part in the desert race. “It is great, I can do it, and you can also. ” “It is easy to say, but walking it is h___70___. ” Cheng said. On the first day, they finished a complete section of 27 kilometers of the race, and on the second day, they finished 20 kilometers.
“My legs were painful while I was walking. We also met with a very big sandstorm on the way. But s ____71____ it was a challenge, we could not give up. We all encouraged each other to continue. ” he said. After getting t___72___, they rested on the third day and walked on the fourth.
Lao Tongyi walked the longest of the group, a distance of more than 70 kilometers. Team leader SunNaicheng said that they had to p___73___ through depulation (人烟稀少) areas of the Gobi Desert. He also added that team members challenged themselves and realized their d ___74___.
They are good e ___75___for everyone to learn from. It’s up to you how far you go. If you don’t try, you will never know.
二
根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词, 使短文意思完整, 每空一词。
As I entered an international high school, all my friends felt surprised at my short hair. This is because, my old school thinks teenage y___46___ aren’t the time for looking pretty. Then I coloured my hair blue. For the first time, I felt free and beautiful. This international school s___47___ to meet my needs.
I had a t___48___ education background. I went to public schools, received normal (常规的) education and was required to follow r___49___ like every other student. Later, I began to wonder w___50___ this education was truly suitable for me.
However, in the new school my high hopes were not met. For a while, I found myself in a surprising situation as I faced before. It was s___51___ the biggest challenge I faced in my education-the freedom to try new things. In the old system, I was strongly advised a___52___ trying new things. But in my new school, it worked the opposite way-we had many chances to try new things. But if I f___53___, I must be responsible (负责任的) because I put myself in such risk. Finally, it led me to get into trouble again.
As time went by, I started to find my o___54___ balance. In fact, none of the education systems in the world are perfect. I am l___55___ enough to have a chance to bring great value from both systems together. As a result, I've built a system for myself.
三
Smartphones and e-readers have become more common in recent years. Some people think that the days of paper books will be gone. But recent surveys have shown that traditional books are still popular a 71 readers.
Research company Nielsen found that in the UK, sales of e-books are f 72 while sales of paper books are rising. More surprisingly, it’s young people who are buying the most physical books. Another survey of university students from the United States, Slovakia(斯洛伐克) and Japan also showed that 92 percent of t 73 preferred papere books.
So what is b 74 paper book comeback(回归)
The most popular reason given was: “ I like to hold the product.” It’s true that paper books bring a very different reading experience. Slovakian students said that they liked the smell of paper books. Other students said that they could get a s 75 of accomplishment (成就) when they finished reading a paper book.
Paper books can also be very personal objects to lovers of reading. Many people like to sign their name on the i 76 cover. If the cover gets bent(弯曲) or there is a stain (污点) made on the page from coffee, all the better. The a 77 make the book even more personal. It’s as if readers of paper books make friends with them.
This “friendship” people d 78 with books isn’t just sentimental(情感的). Research has shown that readers remember more information reading from paper books t 79 e-books. People also more e 80 end up with headaches or sore eyes while reading e-books.
So why not pick up a book and start reading
四
请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为（1）-（10）的相应位置上。
Chinese writing is one of the world's greatest writing systems． It is more w（1）　 　 in use than alphabetic（字母的） writing systems． More than half of the world's books are written in Chinese， including historical writings and novels， along with writings on government and law．
At the beginning， written Chinese was a picture﹣based 1 （2）　 　． It dates back several thousand years to the u（3）　se　of animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved （刻） by ancient Chinese people．Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in t （4）　 　hanzi．
By the Shang Dynasty， these symbols had become a well﹣developed writing system， Over the years， the system developed into different forms， as it was a time when people were d（5）　 　geographically， leading to different dialects（ 方言） and characters． This， however， c（6）　 　under Emperor Qishihuang of the Qin Dynasty．
Emperor Qinshihuang united（统一）the seven major states into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction． That writing system was of great i（7）　 　in uniting the Chinese people and culture． Even today， no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak， they can all still c（8）　ommunicate　in writing． Written Chinese has also become an important method to c （9）　 　China's present with its past． People in modern times can read the classic works which were written by Chinese in ancient times．
Today， Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture， As China plays a g（10）　 　role in the world， an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate（ 欣赏） China's culture through this amazing language． Written Chinese spreads Chinese culture wherever it goes．
五
阅读下面短文, 在空白处写出适当的单词，单词首字母已给出。[有的词请注意词形的变化！]
Confucius is the greatest teacher in Chinese history. He was born on S___41___28th. 511B.C. in the Kingdom of Lu. in today’s Shandong Province. When he was young, he and his mother had a hard l____42____. At the age of fifteen, he began to learn music, and he did well in it. Then he went on l___43___other subjects. When he was thirty, he b___44___a teacher. He started his own school. He believed everyone should have a chance to get education whether they were r___45___or poor. He had about, 3,000 s___46___and many of them became famous.
Chinese see Confucius as the greatest thinker w___47___had many wise ideas about human nature and behavior. And he is also regarded a___48___the greatest teacher. His most important ideas are about kindness and g___49___manners. He said young people should t____50____care of the old. People should not only always think of themselves, but work for o____51____. His ideas are around in people’s everyday life. Today people can still hear the ideas, and they even go far into east a____52____south Asia.
六
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在短文空白处填入一个恰当的词，使短文内容完整，通顺。
Most adults find it hard to remember the things happened while they were children. Now scientists have found exactly when these memories d___51___.
A new study has found that most three-year-old children can remember a lot of what happened to them a year e___52___,and these memories are still clear while they are 5 and 6, but by the time they are over 7, these memories become weaker r___53___.
Most children by the age of 8 or 9 can only remember 35% of their e___54___ from under the age of 3 according to the new studies.
The scientists say this is because at around this age the way we form(形成)memories begins to change. They say that before the age of 7 children do not have a s___55___of time and place in their memories. In older children, however, the early things they can remember become more adult-like in the way they are formed. Children also have a far faster speed of f ___56___ than adults. The discoveries also help to explain why children can often have clear memories of what they have done, b___57___ then forget them just several years later.
The children were organized to the laboratory for the first time at the age of 3 and discussed 6 impressed(印象深刻的)things from their past, such as the first relaxing trip with your family, the first d___58___ accident you met, and the first day of school. The children then returned for a second s___59___between the ages of 5 and 9 to discuss the same things. The scientists found that between the ages of 5 and 7,the amount（量）of memories that the children could remember r ___60___ between 63%-72%. However, between the ages of 8 to 9, the amount of memories that the children could remember fell to between 35%--36%.
七
阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。
It was at an exhibition of the artist’s works organized by the Red Cross. I was invited as a special g___51___to attend the exhibition. During this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature(签名).
“I haven’t brought my pen. Is the p___52___okay ” Actually, I knew they wouldn’t r___53___. I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___54___readers.
“Certainly,” the young girls readily a___55___. I could see they were very excited. Of course, their excitement also made me feel more pleased and satisfied. One of the girls h___56___her fine notebook to me. I turned over the cover of the notebook, wrote a few words of encouragement n____57____and signed my name. The girl read my signature, frowned (皱眉), looked at me carefully and asked, “Aren’t you Robert Char ”
“No,” I told her proudly, “I’m the author of Alice Adams, the w___58___of two Pulitzer Prizes.”
The young girl turned to the o___59___,shrugged (耸肩) and said, “Mary, lend your rubber to me.” At that moment, all my p____60____turned into a bubble (泡泡) immediately. Since then, I always warn myself: no matter how outstanding you are, don’t think highly of yourself.
八
根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand smoke. But have you h_____71_____ of "third-hand" smoke
Third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces (表面) of things around, l______72______ furniture or clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles(粒子) in tobacco (烟草) smoke land on the surfaces of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette (香烟) has been put out. This can cause a great danger to your family, e_____73_____younger children.
Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. This is b_____74_____ they are often close to surfaces of things. Such as floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they t_____75_____ these surfaces, they get their hands polluted.
So, it is necessary and important to say n_____76_____ to third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict r_____77_____ for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carved out. If one of your family members smokes, please make sure he smokes o____78____ the house. Get him a special jacket and hat, so once he f_____79_____ smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house. Moreover, make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the baby.
Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn't mean he or she is s_______80_______". Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke.
参考答案
1．【答案】(l)augh
【详解】句意：陈老师是幽默的，他总是讲有趣的笑话来使我们发笑。根据“Mr. Chen is humorous and he often tells funny jokes”可知幽默的人，讲了有趣的笑话会使人发笑，laugh“笑”，make后接省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填(l)augh。
2．【答案】(w)orth
【详解】句意：电影《长空之王》非常值得一看。你不能错过。根据首字母可知，此处是be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。故填(w)orth。
3．【答案】(b)iggest
【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。根据“The Sahara”及常识可知，此处讲世界上最大的沙漠，big“大的”，是形容词，结合“the”以及“in the world”可知，此处要用最高级形式，故填(b)iggest。
4．【答案】(c)old
【详解】句意：哈尔滨的冬天很冷，所以大多数人都待在暖和的房子里。根据首字母提示及“in winter in Harbin that most people stay in warm houses.”可知，哈尔滨冬天很冷，cold“寒冷的”，是形容词作表语，故填(c)old。
5．【答案】(d)iscusses
【详解】句意：李东经常和他的同学讨论数学问题。根据“Li Dong often d... math problems with his classmates.”可推出是和同学们讨论数学问题，discuss“讨论”，根据“often”可知用一般现在时，主语“Li Dong”后接动词第三人称单数形式。故填(d)iscusses。
6．【答案】(u)ntil
【详解】句意：我们没有雨伞。我们不得不等到雨停下为止。根据“We don’t have umbrellas.”可知没有雨伞，要一直等到雨停，until“直到”，引导时间状语从句。故填(u)ntil。
7．【答案】(d)rinking
【详解】句意：苏林坐在池塘边，喝着橙汁。and连接并列的现在分词，根据“orange juice”可知此处指喝橙汁，drink表示“喝”。故填(d)rinking。
8．【答案】(h)erself
【详解】句意：——吴微怎么了？——她伤得很重。她背痛。根据“She has a sore back.”可知把她自己伤得很重，用反身代词herself表示“她自己”。故填(h)erself。
9．【答案】(a)lone
【详解】句意：在美国夜里最好不要单独出去，因为不安全。此空为副词修饰动词，根据“at night in America because it’s not safe.”可知夜里单独出去不安全，alone表示“独自”。故填(a)lone。
10．【答案】(h)obbies
【详解】句意：杨先生的爱好包括唱歌、画画和下国际象棋。根据“include singing, painting and playing chess”可知这些是爱好且不止一个，用hobby表示“爱好”，此处用其复数形式hobbies。故填(h)obbies。
11．【答案】(s)pecial
【详解】句意：在新疆，没有比馕更特别的食物了。根据“There is no other food that is as s...as nang in Xinjiang.”可知，在新疆，没有比馕更特别的食物。special“特殊的”，本句as...as...中间用形容词原级作表语，故填(s)pecial。
12．【答案】(M)arch
【详解】句意：妇女节和植树节都是在三月。根据“Women’s Day and Tree-planting Day”可知，妇女节和植树节都是在三月，根据首字母M可知此处应填入表示月份的专有名词March表示“三月”。故填(M)arch。
13．【答案】(i)nstead
【详解】句意：为了拥有更环保的生活，最好是步行或骑自行车而不是开车。根据“it is better to walk or ride bicycles ... of driving.”及首字母提示可知，此处指最好步行、骑自行车而不是开车，instead of“而不是”，固定短语，故填(i)nstead。
14．【答案】(e)arly
【详解】句意：我妈妈总是早起为我做早餐。根据“gets up e…to cook breakfast for me”可知，妈妈需要早起为我做早餐，early“早地”符合题意。故填(e)arly。
15．【答案】(f)orget
【详解】句意：我的记忆力像大象一样好，我从来没有忘记过任何事情。根据“I have a memory like an elephant ”可知，记忆力很好，所以空处指从未忘记过任何事，forget“忘记”，主语是I，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用原形，故填(f)orget。
16．【答案】(o)rder
【详解】句意：凯特的房间秩序井然，所有东西都在合适的位置上。根据“everything is in its proper place”可知，所有东西都在合适的位置上，根据首字母o可知此处应用介词短语in good order表示“秩序井然，井然有序”。故填(o)rder。
17．【答案】(r)efused
【详解】句意：我拒绝了Wilson的聚会邀请因为我必须为考试而学习。根据“because I had to study for a test.”可知是拒绝了邀请，refuse“拒绝”，根据“had”可知时态是一般过去时。故填(r)efused。
18．【答案】(v)isitors
【详解】句意：五一期间，我们城市接待了很多游客。根据“during May Day holiday”和首字母v可知此处应用名词visitor表示“游客”，a lot of修饰复数名词，visitor的复数形式为visitors。故填(v)isitors。
19．【答案】(s)erved
【详解】句意：酒店的早餐供应时间是早上7点到9点。根据“Breakfast is s...between 7 and 9 a.m. in the hotel.”可知，此处是指酒店提供早餐，serve“服务，(给某人)提供”，是动词，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，动词用过去分词，故填(s)erved。
20．【答案】(a)cross
【详解】句意：今年将在这条河上再建一座桥。根据题干和常识可知，桥是建立在河上，而且横穿过河，across“穿过”符合语境，故填(a)cross。
21．【答案】(r)epair
【详解】句意：杰克的自行车坏了，他今天下午要把它修好。根据“Jack’s bike went wrong”和首字母可知，是指修理自行车，repair“修理”，是动词，will后用动词原形，故填(r)epair。
22．【答案】(p)roud
【详解】句意：神舟十六号在五月份发射升空。我们为中国的进步感到自豪。根据“Shenzhou-16 was sent into space in May. We are...of China’s progress.”和所给首字母提示可知，应是为中国的进步感到自豪，be proud of“为……感到自豪”，proud“骄傲的，自豪的”。故填(p)roud。
23．【答案】(c)opy
【详解】句意：抄袭其他学生的作业是错误的。你应该自己做这件事。根据“It’s wrong to … other students’ homework. You should do it by yourself.”可知，应该自己做作业，所以前一句说的是抄别人作业是不对的，copy“抄袭”，动词不定式符号to后接动词原形，故填(c)opy。
24．【答案】(s)eason
【详解】句意：你喜欢哪个季节，春天还是夏天？根据“spring or summer”可知，应是询问喜欢哪个季节，season“季节”，which后跟单数名词，故填(s)eason。
25．【答案】(b)elong
【详解】句意：——这是谁的排球？——一定是卡拉的。她非常喜欢排球。根据“Whose volleyball is this ”及所给首字母可知，此处指“排球属于卡拉”，belong to“属于”，must后跟动词原形。故填(b)elong。
26．【答案】(c)ousin
【详解】句意：穿蓝衣服的男孩是我的堂弟，我叔叔的儿子。根据“my uncle’s son”可知叔叔的儿子是堂兄弟，用cousin，结合“son”可知用单数。故填(c)ousin。
27．【答案】(N)othing
【详解】句意：——袋子里有什么？——没什么。它是空的。根据“It’s empty.”可知，袋子是空的，什么都没有，nothing“没什么”符合语境，故填(N)othing。
28．【答案】(s)ounds
【详解】句意：——你觉得这首曲子怎么样？——听起来很美，但有点悲伤。根据“It s...beautiful but a little sad.”可知，曲子听起来很美但悲伤，sound“听起来”，主语是it，动词用三单。故填(s)ounds。
29．【答案】(e)specially
【详解】句意：中国家庭成员通常喜欢聚在一起，尤其是在春节期间。根据“Chinese family members usually like to get together, e...during the Spring Festival.”可知，尤其在春节期间喜欢聚在一起，especially“尤其”符合语境，故填(e)specially。
30．【答案】(o)pposite
【详解】句意：图书馆在我们学校的对面。要到那里，我们只需要穿过马路。根据“we just need to cross the street”可知，需要过马路，所以是在对面，opposite“在……对面”符合语境，故填(o)pposite。
31．【答案】(e)xcited
【详解】句意：我们的篮球队得了第一名。我们感到多么兴奋啊！根据“Our basketball team won the first place. How e...we felt!”可知，得了第一名，会感到兴奋，excited“兴奋的”，修饰人，故填excited。
32．【答案】(t)housands
【详解】句意：许多人喜欢熊猫。在这个五一假期，成千上万的游客来到成都研究基地观看它们。根据“During this May Day holiday, t...of tourists came to Chengdu Research Base to watch them.”可知，成千上万的游客来到成都看熊猫，thousands of“成千上万”，故填(t)housands。
33．【答案】(n)ear
【详解】句意：——你家离我们学校近吗？——不，很远。根据“No, it’s far away”可知上文询问离的近不近，near“近的”。故填(n)ear。
34．【答案】(r)eached
【详解】句意：2023年5月23日，13名中国科研人员登顶珠穆朗玛峰。根据“the top of Mr. Qomolangma”可知是到达山顶，reach“到达”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(r)eached。
35．【答案】(l)oudly
【详解】句意：不要大声说话。在公共场合保持小声是有礼貌的。根据“It’s polite to keep your voice down in public.”可知在公共场合要小声说话，不要大声说话，修饰动词用副词loudly“大声地”。故填(l)oudly。
36．【答案】(w)ear
【详解】句意：下周末我们学校的学生将穿着传统服装去看川剧。根据“traditional clothes”和首字母可知，是指穿传统服装，wear“穿”，动词，will后加动词原形，故填(w)ear。
37．【答案】(s)ixth
【详解】句意：端午节在六月，今年的第六个月。根据“June”及“month of this year”可知，六月份是一年中的第六个月份，用序数词表示顺序，故填(s)ixth。
38．【答案】(l)arge
【详解】句意：2022年，印度人口超过14.12亿，庞大的人口对印度来说可能是好事，也可能是坏事。根据“In 2022, India had more than 1.412 billion people”可知印度的人口基数大，结合首字母l可知用large修饰population，意为“大量人口”。故填(l)arge。
39．【答案】(m)atter
【详解】句意：——南希，你怎么了？——我头疼。根据“What’s the …, Nancy ”和首字母提示可知，此处要填matter；what’s the matter表示“怎么了”，与what’s wrong/trouble同义。故填(m)atter。
40．【答案】fifth
【详解】句意：五月份是一年的第五个月份。根据“May”及“month”可知，五月份是一年里的第五个月份，用序数词fifth表示顺序，故填fifth。
41．【答案】invented
【详解】句意：电话是亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔在1876年发明的。根据常识，电话是由亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔发明的，invent“发明”，主语“telephone”与动词“invent”之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态be done的结构，故此空应填过去分词，故填invented。
一
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了一段关于七个人戴着假肢参加沙漠竞赛的视频已经很流行了。告诉我们有志者事竟成。
66. took 句意：一个关于七个人戴着假肢参加沙漠竞赛的短片已经很流行了。短语take on a desert race challenge参加挑战沙漠竞赛。这里是一般过去时态，take的过去式是took。根据句意，故填took。
67. joined 句意：7名残疾人参加了5月11日至14日在敦煌举行的108公里沙漠竞赛。jion in…参加……。这里是一般过去时态，joined，根据题意，故填joined。
68. others 句意：七名患者中有六名一条腿被截肢，其他人则两条被截肢。Six of the seven had one leg amputated(截肢)可知下文是其他的。根据句意，故填others。
69. imagined 句意：来自中国中部河南省洛河市的双重截肢者程宝军（音）说，他从来没有想过自己能参加沙漠赛跑。这里是一般过去时态，imagine的意思是“想象”，imagine的过去式imagined。根据题意，故填imagined。
70. hard 句意：程说：“说起来容易，走起来难。”根据上文It is easy to say hard可知下文是是难的。根据句意，故填hard。
71. since 句意：我们在途中还遇到了一场很大的沙尘暴。但由于这是一个挑战，我们不能放弃。根据下文it was a challenge, we could not give up可知这里是表示原因，用since。根据句意，故填since。
72. tired 句意：他们累了，第三天休息，第四天走。Tired的意思是“累人的”，根据句意，故填tired。
73. pass 句意：组长孙乃成说，他们必须通过戈壁沙漠的人烟稀少的区域。根据下文through depulation (人烟稀少) areas of the Gobi Desert.可知这里是通过的意思。have to do sth.表示不得不做某事；pass意思是“通过”，根据句意，故填pass。
74. dream 句意：他还补充说，团队成员挑战自己，实现了自己的梦想。这里是说实现梦想。短语realize one’s dream表示实现某人的梦想。根据句意，故填dream。
75. examples 句意：他们是每个人学习的好榜样。主语是They，这里表语用复数，examples的意思是“榜样”，根据句意，故填examples。
二
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】这篇短文作者讲述了他经历的两种完全不同的教育体系，他原来的学校限制学生们的自由，要求学生们遵守很多的规则，反对学生们尝试新事物；而新学校正好相反。随着时间的推移，作者也意识到没有哪种教育体系是完美的，将不同体系的价值结合在一起，形成自己的体系，作者感到自己很幸运。
46. youth 句意：这是因为我原来的学校认为青少年时期不是好看的时候。根据句意aren't the time for looking pretty可知，这里应指的是“青少年时期”，单词的首字母是y，由此可猜到应填youth，意为“青年，青少年时期”。
47. seems 句意：这个国际学校好像满足了我的需要。根据句意和首字母可知，这里应填seem，意为“似乎，好像”，后面常跟动词不定式，seem to do sth.“好像做某事”。短文第一段使用的是一般现在时态，主语The international school是单数，故动词应变为三单形式，填seems。
48. terrible 句意：我的教育背景很糟糕。根据下文I went to public schools, received normal (常规的) education and was required to follow r___4___ like every other student. Later, I began to wonder w___5___ this education was truly suitable for me.可知，作者对自己在从前的学校里接受的教育表示怀疑，不知道那种教育是不是适合“我”。结合首字母可知，这里应填terrible，“糟糕的”。
49. rules 句意：我上公立学校，接受常规的教育，像每一个其他的学生一样被要求遵守规则。根据句意follow….“遵守…”和首字母r可知，这里应表示“遵守规则”，应用名词rule，且学生们遵守的规则是有很多的，故应填复数形式rules。
50. whether 句意：后来，我开始想知道这种教育是否真正适合我。根据句意I began to wonder…和文意可知，作者不知道这种教育是不是适合他，故这里填whether，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。
51. surprising 句意：真的很令人吃惊，我在教育中面临的最大挑战是尝试新事物的自由。根据上句话For a while, I found myself in a surprising situation as I faced before.可知，这里作者说的是在新学校里让他吃惊的事，故应填surprising，形容词，“令人吃惊的”，在句中作表语。
52. against 句意：在旧的体系里，我被建议说反对尝试新事物。根据文意可知，作者接受的新旧两个教育体系是不一样的，下句话But in my new school, it worked the opposite way-we had many chances to try new things.“新学校鼓励学生们尝试新事物”，因此原来的学校是反对的，故这里填against，“反对，违抗”。
53. fail 句意：但是如果我失败了，我必须要负责任，因为我把自己置于这样的风险之中。根据句意I must be responsible可知，这里表示“假如失败的话”，应用fail，是一个动词。这一段使用的是一般现在时，主语为I，故动词填原形。
54. own 句意：随着时间的推移，我开始找到了我自己的平衡。根据文意和首字母可知，这里应填own，意为“某人自己的”，常和形容词性物主代词搭配使用。
55. lucky 句意：我很幸运有机会将两个体系的巨大价值结合在一起。根据文意和句意to have a chance to bring great value from both systems together.可知，作者经历了两种教育体系，将他们的家长结合在一起，作者是非常幸运的。故这里应填lucky，是一个形容词，意为“幸运的”。
三
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文作者探讨纸质图书回归的背后原因．
71． among 考查介词．根据语境"但最近的调查显示，传统书籍仍深受读者欢迎"，考虑用介词among，意为"在…之中"，故答案为 among；
72．falling 考查动词．根据语境"尼尔森研究公司发现，在英国，电子书的销量在下降，而纸质书的销量在上升"，考虑用动词fall，意为"下降"，由下文are rising推断此处填-ing形式，故答案为 falling；
73．them 考查代词．根据语境"斯洛伐克和日本也显示出92%的人更喜欢平装本"，考虑用代词them，意为"他们"，由空前的介词of推断此处填宾格形式，故答案为 them；
74．behind 考查介词．根据语境"那么纸质图书回归的背后是什么呢？"，考虑用介词behind，意为"在…后面"，故答案为 behind；
75．sense 考查名词．根据语境"其他学生说，读完一本纸质书后，他们会有成就感"，考虑用名词，意为"感觉"，由空前的冠词a推断此处填原形，故答案为 sense；
76．inside 考查形容词．根据语境"许多人喜欢在封面上签名"，考虑用形容词inside，意为"里面的"，故答案为 inside；
77．accidents 考查名词．根据语境"事故使这本书更加个人化"，考虑用名词accident，意为"事故"，由上文举例推断此处填复数形式，故答案为 accidents；
78．develop 考查动词．根据语境"这种友谊是人们通过书本发展起来的，而不仅仅是感情用事"，考虑用动词develop，意为"发展"，由一般现在时推断此处填原形，故答案为 develop；
79．than 考查连词．根据语境"研究表明，比起电子书，读者更能记住从纸质书中阅读的信息"，考虑用连词，意为"比"，故答案为 than；
80．easily 考查副词．根据语境"在阅读电子书时，更多的人很容易患上头痛或眼睛酸痛"，考虑用副词easily，意为"容易地"，由空后的动词短语end up with推断此处填副词形式，故答案为 easily．
四
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】文章介绍了中文写作系统历史发展。
（1）widely 考查副词．根据意思：它的使用比字母书写系统更为广泛。副词修饰动词，故填：widely。
（2）language 考查名词．根据意思：起初，书面汉语是一种基于图片的语言。填名词单数，语言language。故填：language。
（3）use 考查动词。根据意思：中国古代人在动物的骨头和贝壳上刻上符号可以追溯到几千年前。the use of...的使用，故填：use。
（4）today's 考查所有格。根据意思：在今天的汉字中仍然可以看到一些古老的符号，今天的today's。故填：today's。
（5）divided 考查动词。根据意思：多年来，这个体系发展成不同的形式，就像人们被隔离的时代一样。被动语态be done，故填divided。
（6）changed 考查动词。根据意思：然而，这在秦始皇统治下发生了变化。一般过去时态，故填changed．
（7）importance 考查名词。根据意思：这一写作体系对于凝聚中华民族和中华文化具有重要意义。be of great importance 有重要意义。故填importance。
（8）communicate 考查动词。根据意思：他们仍然可以书面交流。can后面加动词原形。故填communicate。
（9）connect 考查动词．根据意思：书面汉语也成为把中国现在和过去联系起来的重要方法。to do不定式，故填connect。
（10）great 考查形容词。根据意思：中国在世界上发挥着巨大的作用，形容词修饰名词，故填great。
五
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了中国的伟大思想家——孔子。孔子生于公元前511年的鲁国。年轻时和母亲过着艰苦的生活。三十岁时当了老师。他相信每个人都应该有机会接受教育，不管他们是富人还是穷人。中国人认为孔子是最伟大的思想家。对人性和行为有很多明智的想法。他说年轻人应该照顾老人。人们不应该总是想着自己，而应该为他人工作。
41. September 句意：他出生于9月28日。公元前511年的鲁国。由语境和首字母提示可知，填September；这里是指9月28号。所以答案为：September。
42. life 句意：当他年轻时，他和他母亲过着艰苦的生活。由语境和首字母提示可知，填life；had a hard life：过着艰苦的生活。所以答案为：life。
43. learning 句意：然后他继续学习其他科目。由语境和首字母提示可知，填learn；go on doing sth.继续做某事。on是介词，后跟动名词。所以答案为：learning。
44. became 句意：他三十岁时当了老师。由语境和首字母提示可知，填become；根据When he was thirty, 当他三十岁时。成为了老师，这一动作发生在过去，因此应该用一般过去时。故答案为：became。
45. rich 句意：他相信每个人都应该有机会接受教育，不管他们是富人还是穷人。由语境和首字母提示可知，填rich；根据后面的形容词poor“穷的”，和前面的表示选择关系的or可知，前面应该用于poor意义相反的形容词，那就是rich。语境是：不论穷人还是富人都应该有机会接受教育。故答案为：rich。
46. students 句意：他有大约3000名学生，其中许多人出名了。由语境和首字母提示可知，填student；根据数字3,000可知，后面的可数名词应该用复数，故答案为：students。
47. who 句意：中国人认为孔子是最伟大的思想家。对人性和行为有很多明智的想法。由语境和首字母提示可知，填who；本题考查定语从句。本题的先行词是the greatest thinker，是指人的，因此用引导词who来引导。故答案为：who。
48. as 句意：他也被认为是最伟大的老师。由语境和首字母提示可知，填as；regard as：视为。语境是：人们认为孔子是最伟大的老师。故答案为：as。
49. good/great 句意：他最重要的思想是善良和礼貌。由and前面的形容词kindness可知，and 后面的词也应该是一个形容词。在结合首字母提示可知，填good/great；是指良好的行为，即：礼貌。所以本题的答案为：good/great。
50. take 句意：他说年轻人应该照顾老人。由语境和首字母提示可知，填take；take care of：关心，照顾。should是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填：take。
51. others 句意：人们不应该总是想着自己，而应该为他人工作。由语境和首字母提示可知，填others；根据think of themselves想着自己，和后面的but可知，此处是指转折，语境是：人们不应该总是想着自己，而应该为他人工作。所以答案为：others。
52. and 句意：今天，人们仍然可以听到这些想法，他们甚至深入到东亚和南亚。由语境和首字母提示可知，填and；east a__12__ south Asia.是表示地点的，而且表示并列关系。因此用and 来连接。故答案为：and。
六
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是说明文。对许多成年人来说，很难回忆起儿时的一些经历。一项研究表明，我们的记忆力的变化与年龄有关。
51. disappeared 考查动词。根据上文Most adults find it hard to remember the things happened while they were children. 大多数成年人发现很难记住他们小时候发生的事情。结合Now scientists have found exactly when these memories d___51___. 可知是现在科学家们已经找到了这些记忆消失的确切时间。“消失”disappear，由语境可知这里时态用一般过去时，故答案填disappeared。
52. earlier 考查形容词。根据上文most three-year-old children can remember a lot of大多数三岁的孩子都能记住很多事情，结合首字母提示以及what happened to them a year e___52___,可知此处指的是一年前发生在他们身上的事，a year earlier“一年前”，故答案填earlier。
53. rapidly 考查副词。根据上文these memories are still clear while they are 5 and 6,这些记忆在他们5岁和6岁的时候仍然清晰，由转折词but，再结合首字母提示，可知此处句意为：但当他们超过7岁时，这些记忆会迅速减弱。“迅速地”rapidly，副词，修饰前面的动词，故答案填rapidly。
54. experience 考查名词。根据Most children by the age of 8 or 9 can only remember 35% of their e___54___ from under the age of 3 according to the new studies. 结合语境及首字母提示：根据新的研究，大多数8岁或9岁的孩子仅仅能记住他们3岁以下35%的……。可知此处表达的是“经历、经验”，英文表达是experience，在这里用作不可数名词，故答案填experience。
55. sense 考查名词。根据They say that before the age of 7 children do not have a s___55___of time and place in their memories. 结合语境及首字母提示：他们说，7岁以前的孩子在记忆中没有时间和地点的……。可知此处表达的是“概念、观念”sense，前面有不定冠词a，所以用其单数形式，故答案填sense。
56. forgetting 考查动词。根据下文then forget them just several years later.几年后他们就会忘记，结合Children also have a far faster speed of f___56___ than adults.可知孩子 遗忘速度也比成年人快得多。“忘记”forget，动词，of是介词后接动词的ing形式，故答案填forgetting。
57. but 考查连词。根据上文children can often have clear memories of what they have done,以及then forget them just several years later. 可知前后句之间是转折关系，结合首字母提示可知应用连词but，句意为：孩子们常常对他们所做的事情有清晰的记忆，但几年后就会忘记。故答案填but。
58. dancing（本题答案不唯一，只要符合语境和题意即可。）考查动名词。根据上文 the first relaxing trip with your family, 以及下文and the first day of school.结合the first d___58___ accident you met, 可推知此处句意是第一次遇见……的意外，由首字母提示可知，答案可以填“跳舞”dancing。（本题答案不唯一，只要符合语境和题意即可。）
59. session 考查动词。根据前面的关键词return“返回”，以及后面的to discuss the same things“去讨论同样的事情”，可知这里表达的是“开会、聚集”，second session“再次聚集、开会”，句意为：然后，孩子们在5岁到9岁之间再次返回来讨论同样的问题。故答案填session。
60. remained 考查动词。根据The scientists found that between the ages of 5 and 7,the amount（量）of memories that the children could remember r ___60___ between 63%-72%.结合语境：科学家发现，5岁和7岁之间年龄段的孩子，能记住的记忆量……在63%-72%之间。可知此处表达的是“保持”remain，由主句中的found可知句子时态用一般过去时，所以这里应用remain的过去式remained，故答案填remained。
七
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本篇文章难度适中，主要讲述我应邀参加红十字会举办的艺术家作品展，之前我非常的自豪和骄傲。两个小女孩找我要签名，我给其中一个女孩签完名后，女孩非常吃惊，我不是罗伯特查尔，我在那里自夸自己获得两次普利策奖。然而这个小女孩向另一个小女孩借了橡皮擦掉了我的签名。自此，作者经常警示自己：无论你多么优秀，不要过高地赞扬你自己。
51. guest 句意“我作为一个特邀嘉宾参加了这个展览”。根据句意可知，表示“特邀嘉宾”。guest客人，且根据空前a可知，用单数，故填guest。
52. pencil 句意“我没带钢笔，铅笔可以吗？”。根据Mary, lend your rubber to me可知，一个女孩向另一个女孩借橡皮擦我的签名，所以空处表示“铅笔”。pencil铅笔，且根据is可知，用单数，故填pencil。
53. refuse 句意“事实上，我知道他们不会拒绝”。根据I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___4___readers可知，我认为她们不会拒绝，我只想向普通的读者展示一个著名的作家的好的行为。refuse拒绝，且根据空前wouldn’t可知，用动词原形，故填refuse。
mon 句意“我仅仅想向普通的读者展示一个著名的作家的好的行为”。根据首字母可知，表示“普通的读者”。common普通的，故填common。
55. agreed 句意““当然”，这个小女孩很乐意地同意了”。根据文意可知，我没有带钢笔，所以问他们铅笔可不可以，他们同意用铅笔。agree同意，且根据全文可知，用一般过去时，故填agreed。
56. handed 句意“其中的一个小女孩将她精美的笔记本递给我”。根据文意可知，小女孩找我要签名，所以他们将本子递给我。hand递，且根据全文可知，用一般过去时，故填handed。
57. naturally 句意“我翻开笔记本的封面，自然而然地写了几个鼓励的词并且签了我的名字”。根据句意可知，表示很自然地写下几个鼓励的单词，且空处修饰动词wrote，用副词，故填naturally。
58. winner 句意“我是《寂寞芳心》的作者，两次普利策奖的获得者”。根据I told her proudly可知，表示我很自豪地告诉他们我是两次普利策奖的获奖者。winner赢家，获奖者，都是指“我”，用单数，故填winner。
59. other 句意“这个年轻的女孩转向另一个女孩，耸耸肩说：把你的橡皮借给我”。根据During this period, two cute girls of 16 or 17 years old came to me and asked me for my signature可知，是两个女孩，所以表示“两者中另一个”，用the other，故填other。
60. pride 句意“在那个时候，所有我的自豪立刻都变成了泡沫”。根据I just wanted to show a well-known writer’s good manners to the c___4___readers以及“No,” I told her proudly可知，之前我很自豪，所以我的自豪变成了泡沫。根据空前my可知，空处用名词。pride自豪，故填pride。
八
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了“三手”烟的危害。“三手”烟是指：附着在家具或衣服等周围物体表面上的烟草颗粒。这会对家庭，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。因为婴儿刚学会走路，当他们接触这些表面时，他们的手会受到污染。因此对第三手烟说“不”是必要和重要的。应该制定严格的规定禁止在家里吸烟。
71. heard 句意：但是你听说过“三手”烟吗？由语境和首字母提示可知，填：hear；hear of：听说。分析句子But have you h_____71_____ of "third-hand" smoke 的结构可知，本题为现在完成时的一般疑问句，其结构是：助动词has/have+动词的过去分词。故答案为：heard。
72. like 句意：第“三手”烟是指家具或衣服等周围物体表面上的污染物。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：like；like在这里用来表示举例，所以答案为：like。
73. especially 句意：这会对你的家庭，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：especially；especially是个副词，表示陈述某一事实之后，列举一个具有代表性的例子，作进一步强调，其后可接名词、介词短语、从句等。本题就是这种用法，用especially来列举一个具有代表性的例子（younger children），来进一步强调“三手”烟的危害。故答案为：especially。
74. because 句意：这是因为它们经常接近如地板、墙壁和家具上残留着烟草颗粒的物体的表面。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：because；根据Babies have only just learned to walk. They are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. 婴儿刚学会走路。他们更有可能受到第三手烟的伤害。可知，因为婴儿刚学会走路，所以他们会扶着这些物体，因此接触的机会就多，因此会受到危害。这里解释了婴儿受到危害的原因，故答案为：because。
75. touch 句意：当他们接触这些表面时，他们的手会受到污染。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：touch；主句they get their hands polluted. 他们的手会受到污染。可知，本题的时态为一般现在时，因此再由when引导的时间状语从句中也用一般现在时，主语they是复数，因此谓语用动词原形。故答案为：touch。
76. no 句意：所以，对第三手烟说“不”是必要和重要的。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：no；say no to：对……说“不”；这里是指拒绝三手烟。故答案为：no。
77. rules 句意：为此，应制定严格的规定禁止在家里吸烟。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：rule；根据forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes禁止在家里吸烟，中的homes是复数，因此前面的名词应该用复数形式。故答案为：rules。
78. outside 句意：如果你的一个家庭成员有吸烟的，请确保他在屋外吸烟。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：outside；根据To achieve this, strict r_____77_____ for forbidding (禁止) smoking inside homes should be carved out. 应制定严格的规定禁止在家里吸烟。可知，如果你的一个家庭成员有吸烟的，应该是让他在屋外吸烟。故答案为：outside。
79. finished 句意：给他买一件特别的夹克和帽子，等他抽完烟，他就在进屋前把它们脱掉。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：finish；根据he will take them off before getting inside the house. 他就在进屋前把它们脱掉。可知，进屋前，烟已经吸完了，因此动作是发生在过去。故用一般过去时，所以答案为：finished。
80. safe 句意：很多时候，你看不到烟对你的孩子有害，但这并不意味着他或她是安全的。由语境和首字母提示可知，填：safe；根据but表示转折，说明：尽管看不到烟对孩子的危害，但这并不意味着他或她是安全的。因此才有了下文的Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke. 戒烟，或者如果不可能的话，确保你所爱的人远离三手烟。所以答案为：safe。

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