资源简介

新人教八年级上册教材知识点
预习提纲
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
Section B (学生版)
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
Section B How are plants and animals
connected with us
单词和变形：
connect /k nekt/ v. 关联；连接
connected /k nekt d/ adj. 连接的；相关的
be connected with / to 与……相连；与……有关联
without /w a t/ prep. 没有；缺乏
imagine / m d n/ v. 想象；猜想 → _________________ n. 想象
honey / h ni/ n. 蜂蜜；（爱称）亲爱的
disappointed / d s p nt d/ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 → __________________ v. 使失望；使破灭
→ __________________ adj. 令人失望的→ _____________________ n. 失望
connection /k nek n/ n. 联系；连接
pollination / p l ne n/ n. 授粉 → ____________________ v. 授粉
pollen / p l n/ n. 花粉
action / k n/ n. 行动；行为 → ________________ v. 行动；做事；扮演；起作用→
___________ n. （男）演员→ __________________ n. 女演员
in fact 确切地说；实际上
per cent /p sent/ (= percent) n.百分之…… adj. & adv. 每一百中→ ________________ n. 百
分比；比例
for this reason 出于这个原因
planet / pl n t/ n. 行星 → ____________________ adj. 行星的；像行星的
in order to 为了；以便
store /st (r)/ v. 贮存；存储 n. 百货商店；商店
honeycomb / h nik m/ n. 蜂巢
communicate /k mju n ke t/ v. 交流；沟通 → ___________________ n. 沟通；交流
play a part (in sth) 参与某事
ecosystem / i k s st m/ n. 生态系统 → ___________________ n. 系统
protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护；防护 → ______________________ n. 保护→ __________________
adj. 保护的→ ___________________ n. 保护者；保护装置
importance / m p tns/ n. 重要性 → _____________________ adj. 重要的→ ______________
adv. 重要地；重要的是
1
title / ta tl/ n. 标题；题目；名称 → _________________ v. 给……命名→ ______________ n.
副标题
human / hju m n/ n. 人 adj. 人的；人类的 → ___________________ n.人类（总称）; 人性；
人文科学→ ___________________ adj. 人道的；仁慈的
ant / nt/ n. 蚂蚁
be home to sb / sth有……栖息；是……的家乡
happiness / h pin s/ n. 幸福；快乐 → __________________ adj. 开心的→ _______________
adj. 不开心的→ _________________ adv. 开心地
disappoint / d s p nt/ v. 使失望；使破灭
mushroom / m r m / n. 蘑菇；伞菌
ton /t n/ n. 吨
role /r l/ n. 作用；职能；角色
play a role (in) 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色
pea /pi / n. 豌豆
climate / kla m t/ n. 气候
ocean / n/ n. 大海；海洋
except / k sept/ prep. 除……之外；除了
tiny / ta ni/ adj. 极小的；微小的
live up to 达到；符合
lively / la vli/ adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 → ___________________ n. 活力；热闹
the Arctic / ɑ kt k/ Ocean 北冰洋
Billy / b li/ 比利
2
教材预习 Section B P36
We Can’t Live Without Bees
Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no
fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel
Disappointed Angry Sad At this moment you realize people, plants, and
animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this
connection.
Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often
visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This
action helps plants grow. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world
cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this
planet.
Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For
example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to
store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about
bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where
and how far away the food is.
Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping,
and scientists are worried. They need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you
can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
读短文，回答问题
1. How do bees help plants grow
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. How do bees store their honey
________________________________________________________________________________3_
3. How do bees communicate with each other
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. Why do many scientist believe that bees are the most important animals in on our planet
________________________________________________________________________________
their greatest work: ___________________________
visit ________________________________________
help ________________________________________
interesting facts
importance
_______________________________
__________________________________
problem __________________________________
__________________________________
their number is ________________________________
_________________ __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
短语句型归纳：
1. 与……相连；与……有关联 _____________________________________________________
翻译：这个问题和你的电脑有关。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. 互相 ___________________________________________________________________
翻译：我们应该互相帮助。
_________________________________________________________________________________
3. 从……到…… ________________________________________________________________
4
翻译：我们从上午9点工作到下午6点。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. 携带某物在身上 ________________________________________________________________
翻译：带把伞，可能会下雨。
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. 事实上 ________________________________________________________________________
翻译：他很起来很老。事实上，他很年轻。
_________________________________________________________________________________
6. 出于这个原因 __________________________________________________________________
翻译：下雨了，处于这个原因，我们不能去沙滩。
________________________________________________________________________________
7. 例如 _________________________________________________________________________
翻译：我喜欢运动，例如我每天都慢跑。
________________________________________________________________________________
8. 为了 __________________________________________________________________________
翻译：为了通过考试，他努力学习。
________________________________________________________________________________
9. 远离 _________________________________________________________________________
翻译：我的家离学校很远。
________________________________________________________________________________
10.参与某事 ____________________________________________________________________
翻译：睡眠对健康起关键作用。
________________________________________________________________________________
11. ……的总数/数量 _______________________________________________________________
翻译：我班学生的数量是50人。
_________________________________________________________________________________
5
考点精讲
考点精讲1: 不定式（to do）的用法
教材原句：
We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection.
For example, they work hard together to make their homes.
When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is.
Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
to do 在这里作 ____________语
不定式（to do）的用法：
作主语
To learn English is important. 学习英语很重要。
作宾语：
动词 + to do
例：want / decide / hope / learn / plan / promise / agree
She decided to study in the USA. 她决定去美国学习。
作宾语补足语
动词 + 宾语 + to do
例：ask / tell / want / invite / encourage / teach
He told me to wait here.他让我在这里等
作定语
名词 + to do（表示动作的未来性）
I have homework to finish. 我有作业要完成。
作状语
表目的
He works hard to pass the exam.他努力学习为了通过考试。
表结果
She woke up only to find everyone gone.她醒来结果发现人都走了
作表语
主语 + be + to do（说明主语内容)
My dream is to become a doctor. 我的梦想是成为医生。
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特殊结构：
疑问词 + to do
I don’t know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。
即学即练：
一. 用所给动词的不定式形式填空
1. She hopes __________________ (travel) to Paris next year.
2. It’s difficult ___________________ (learn) a new language.
3. He asked me _________________ (not tell) anyone the secret.
4. My mother let me _________________ (play) outside for an hour.
5. I need a book __________________ (read) during the holiday.
6. They plan __________________ (finish) the project by Friday.
7. The problem is too hard _________________ (solve).
8. His wish is ___________________ (become) a scientist.
9. We use pens __________________ (write).
10. He got up at 6:00 __________________(catch) the early bus
二.选择题
1. My father taught me ______ a bike when I was 5.
A. ride B. to ride C. riding
2. I went to the library ______ some books.
A. borrowing B. to borrow C. borrow
3. She was excited ______ the first prize.
A. to win B. winning C. win
4. It’s important ______ water every day.
A. drink B. to drink C. drinking
5. W e study hard ______ good grades.
A. get B. getting C. to get D. got
6. He asked me ______ him with his homework.
A. help B. to help C. helping
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考点精讲2: without 的用法
教材原句：
In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.
without 作 _________词，意为：________________________
without 的用法：
without + 名词/代词（表示"没有某物/某人"）
He went to school without breakfast. 他没吃早饭就去上学了。
without + 动词-ing（表示"没有做某事"）
He left without saying goodbye. 他没有告别就离开了。
即学即练：
一.选择题
1. Don't use my computer ______ asking me first.
A. with B. no C. without D. not
2. ______ water, plants cannot grow.
A. With B. Without C. Not D. No
3. I can't make a cake ______ eggs.
A. with B. without C. no D. not
二. 改错题，正确的句子在横线上打“√”，错误的句子先在句中圈出错误的地方，再在横线上写
出正确的句子。
1. She left without say goodbye.
→ _________________________________________________________________
2. We can't live with water.
→ _________________________________________________________________
3. Without to study, you will fail the exam.
→ ________________________________________________________________
4. Don't touch it without asked!
→ _________________________________________________________________
5. Without your help, I can't finish this work.
____________________________________________________________________
8
考点精讲3: the number of 的用法
教材原句：
However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.
the number of 意为：________________________
the number of 的用法：
the number of +复数名词，表示“……的总数；……的数量” ，强调整体数字本身，而非个体，
谓语动词用单数
The number of students is 5. 学生的人数是50人。
辨析：the number of 和 a number of
a number of +复数名词，表示“许多……”, 谓语动词用复数
A number of students are absent today.今天有许多学生缺席
即学即练：
一.选择题
1. ______ employees （员工）in this company ______ over 500.
A. The number of; are B. A number of; is C. The number of; is
2. ______ students ______ studying for exams now.
A. The number of; is B. A number of; are C. The number of; are
3. I have read ______ interesting books about space.
A . a number of B. the number of C. an amount of
考点精讲4: percent 的用法
教材原句：
In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.
per cent 意为：______________________
per cent 的用法：
数字+ per cent
数字是1时，用单数 one per cent (1%)。
数字大于1时，per cent 本身不加s (不能说 five per cents)
当 per cent 后接不可数名词或单数名词时 → 谓语用单数
50% of the water is polluted. 50% 的水被污染了。
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当 per cent 后接复数可数名词时 → 谓语用复数
20% of the students are absent today. 今天有 20% 的学生缺席。
即学即练：
一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：
1. 25 per cent of the students __________ (be) from China.
2. 80 per cent of the work ______ (be) finished.
3. Only 1 per cent of the water ______ (be) drinkable.
4. 100 per cent of the apples _________ (be) fresh.
5. 40 per cent of the students in our class __________ (like) basketball.
10
教材预习 Section B P39
The Blue Whale
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. It can weigh as
much as 200 tons. Many people like watching blue whales swim, and they
think it is one of the most beautiful things to see. Blue whales live in all
oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They eat a lot, but they eat some of the
tiniest animals in the ocean. A blue whale can eat around four tons of these
a day.
Blue whales can live up to 90 years. When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many kinds
of animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively
and healthy ecosystem. Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them.
读短文，完成表格
Blue whale facts
weight
where they live
food
how long they live
role in ecosystem
短语句型归纳：
1. 在地球上 _____________________________________________________
翻译：猎豹是地球上跑得最快的动物。
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. 多达 ___________________________________________________________________
翻译：有些人每天工作长达12小时。
________________________________________________________________________________1_1
3. 达到；符合 ____________________________________________________________________
翻译：这棵植物的寿命能达到百年。
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. 许多种类 ______________________________________________________________________
翻译：花园里有许多种类的花。
_________________________________________________________________________________
5. 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色 ____________________________________________________
翻译：睡眠对保持健康有重要的作用。
_________________________________________________________________________________
考点精讲
考点精讲1: as much as 的用法
教材原句：
It can weigh as much as 200 tons.
as much as 意为 ___________________
as much as的用法：
表示数量相同 (+不可数名词）
I need as much water as you have. 我需要和你一样多的水。
表示程度相当（+动词/从句）
I love you as much as I love myself. 我爱你如同爱自己。
He helped me as much as he could. 他尽他所能帮助我。
表示强调 “多达……”、“甚至“ (+数字)
The whale can weigh as much as 150 tons. 鲸鱼的重量可达150吨。
即学即练：
1. She doesn't drink ______ coffee ______ you.
A. as much; as B. as many; as C. so much; than D. so many; than
2. He loves basketball ______ he loves soccer.
A. as much as B. as many as C. so much as D. so many as
12
考点精讲2: except 的用法
教材原句：
Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
except 作 __________词，意为： ___________________________
except 的用法：
except + 名词/代词（排除单个对象）
All students passed the exam except Tom. 除了汤姆，所有学生都通过了考试。
except + 介词短语（排除某类情况）
He goes to work every day except on Sundays. 除了周日，他每天都上班。
except + 动词不定式（当主句有do/does/did时省略to）
She does nothing except complain. 她除了抱怨什么都不做。
I had no choice except to wait. 除了等待我别无选择。
except + that从句（补充说明例外情况）
T he trip was perfect except that it rained. 除了下雨，这次旅行很完美。
except for（用于整体肯定中的局部修正)
The room was empty except for a chair. 除了一把椅子，房间空荡荡的。
辨析：except 和 besides
except →排除在外（不包括）
I like all colors except red.（我喜欢所有颜色，除了红色→ 红色不喜欢 ）
besides →除此之外还有（包括）
I like many colors besides red.（我喜欢很多颜色，包括红色→ 红色也喜欢 ）
即学即练：
1. Everyone was here ______ Lisa yesterday.
A. except B. besides C. beside
2. I like all subjects ______ math.
A. except B. beside C. besides
3. She can do everything ______ swim.
A. except B. except to C. except for
4. The park is beautiful ______ some litter on the ground.
A. except B. except for C. besides
5. _______ English, she can also speak French and Japanese.
A. Except B. Except for C. Besides
13
新人教八年级上册教材知识点
预习提纲
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
Section B (教师版)
Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals
Section B How are plants and animals
connected with us
单词和变形：
connect /k nekt/ v. 关联；连接
connected /k nekt d/ adj. 连接的；相关的
be connected with / to 与……相连；与……有关联
without /w a t/ prep. 没有；缺乏
imagine / m d n/ v. 想象；猜想 imagination → _________________ n. 想象
honey / h ni/ n. 蜂蜜；（爱称）亲爱的
disappoint
disappointed / d s p nt d/ adj. 失望的；沮丧的 → __________________ v. 使失望；使破灭
disappointing
→ __________________ adj. 令人失望的 d→ ____is_a_p_p_o_in_t_m__e_n_t _ _____ n. 失望
connection /k nek n/ n. 联系；连接
pollination / p l ne n/ n. 授粉 → ____p_o_l_li_n_a_te_ _________ v. 授粉
pollen / p l n/ n. 花粉
action / k n/ n. 行动；行为 → ______a_ct_ ________ v. 行动；做事；扮演；起作用→
____ac_t_o_r_ ___ n. （男）演员→ _____a_c_t_re_s_s_ _ ______ n. 女演员
in fact 确切地说；实际上
per cent /p sent/ (= percent) n.百分之…… adj. & adv. 每一百中 ____p_erc→ __e_n_t_a_g_e_ ___ n. 百
分比；比例
for this reason 出于这个原因
planetary
planet / pl n t/ n. 行星 → ____________________ adj. 行星的；像行星的
in order to 为了；以便
store /st (r)/ v. 贮存；存储 n. 百货商店；商店
honeycomb / h nik m/ n. 蜂巢
communicate /k mju n ke t/ v. 交流；沟通 → ___c_o_m_m__u_n_i_ca_t_io__n_ ___ n. 沟通；交流
play a part (in sth) 参与某事
ecosystem / i k s st m/ n. 生态系统 → ___s_y_s_te_m__ __________ n. 系统
pr protective
protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护；防护 → _______o_te_c_t_io_n_ _________ n. 保护→ __________________
adj. 保护的→ _____p_r_o_te_c_t_o_r_ ______ n. 保护者；保护装置
importance / m p tns/ n. 重要性 → ___i_m_p_o_r_t_a_n_t_ _________ adj. 重要的 impo→ _____r_t_a_n_tl_y_ ___
adv. 重要地；重要的是
1
title / ta tl/ n. 标题；题目；名称 → __e_n_t_it_le_ __________ v. 给……命名→ ___su__b_ti_tl_e_ _____ n.
副标题
human / hju m n/ n. 人 adj. 人的；人类的 ____h__u_m_a_n_i_ty→ _ _______ n.人类（总称）; 人性；
人文科学→ _____h_u_m__a_n_e_ _______ adj. 人道的；仁慈的
ant / nt/ n. 蚂蚁
be home to sb / sth有……栖息；是……的家乡
happiness / h pin s/ n. 幸福；快乐 ____h_a_p → _p_y_ _________ adj. 开心的 __u_n_h_a_p_p_y_ → ______
adj. 不开心的→ ____h_a_p_p_il_y_ _______ adv. 开心地
disappoint / d s p nt/ v. 使失望；使破灭
mushroom / m r m / n. 蘑菇；伞菌
ton /t n/ n. 吨
role /r l/ n. 作用；职能；角色
play a role (in) 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色
pea /pi / n. 豌豆
climate / kla m t/ n. 气候
ocean / n/ n. 大海；海洋
except / k sept/ prep. 除……之外；除了
tiny / ta ni/ adj. 极小的；微小的
live up to 达到；符合
lively / la vli/ adj. 精力充沛的；生机勃勃的 → ___l_iv_e_ly_ ____________ n. 活力；热闹
the Arctic / ɑ kt k/ Ocean 北冰洋
Billy / b li/ 比利
2
教材预习 Section B P36
We Can’t Live Without Bees
Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no
fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel
Disappointed Angry Sad At this moment you realize people, plants, and
animals are all connected. We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this
connection.
Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination. On one trip, they often
visit 50 to 100 flowers. As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This
action helps plants grow. In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world
cannot grow. For this reason, many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this
planet.
Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For
example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to
store honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about
bees is how they communicate. When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where
and how far away the food is.
Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. However, the number of bees is dropping,
and scientists are worried. They need our help, and there is a lot we can do. Think about what you
can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
读短文，回答问题
1. How do bees help plants grow
As they fly from one flower to another, they take pollen with them. This action helps plants grow.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. How do bees store their honey
They create honeycomb.
________________________________________________________________________________3_
3. How do bees communicate with each other
___T_h_e_y_ u_s_e_ a_ _d_a_n_c_e_ t_o_ c_o_m__m_u_n__ic_a_te_ _w_i_th_ _o_t_h_e_rs_._ ________________________________________
4. Why do many scientist believe that bees are the most important animals in on our planet
____W__it_h_o_u_t_ t_h_e_ir_ _w_o_r_k_, _a_b_o_u_t _8_0_ p_e_r_ _ce_n_t_ _o_f _th_e_ _p_la_n_t_s_ i_n_ t_h_e_ w__o_r_ld_ c_a_n_n_o_t_ _gr_o_w_._ _____________
their greatest work: __p_o_ll_in_a_t_io_n_ _________________
visit _____5_0_-_1_0_0_ f_lo_w__e_rs_ _______________________
help _____p_la_n_t_s_ g_r_o_w_ __________________________
interesting facts
importance
_T_h_e_y_ _w_o_r_k_ t_o_g_e_th__e_r _to_ _b_u_il_d_ t_h_e_i_r _h_o_mes.
They create honeycomb to store honey .
__________________________________
problem __________________________________
__________________________________
their number is _T_h_e_y_ _u_s_e_ a_ d_a_n_c_e_ _to_ _c_o_m_m__u_n _i_ca_t_e_ w__it_h
others.
__d_r_o_p_p_i_n_g_ _______ __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
短语句型归纳：
1. 与……相连；与……有关联 ____b_e_ _c_o_n_n_e_c_te_d_ _w_i_th_ __________________________________
翻译：这个问题和你的电脑有关。
___T_h_i_s_ p_r_o_b_le_m__ i_s_ c_o_n_n_e_c_t_e_d_ w_i_t_h_ y_o_u_r_ c_o_m__p_u_te_r_. ________________________________________
each other
2. 互相 ___________________________________________________________________
翻译：我们应该互相帮助。
___W__e_ s_h_o_u_ld__ h_e_lp__ e_a_c_h_ o_t_h_e_r_. ________________________________________________________
3. 从……到…… ____f_ro_m__…_ _to_…_____________________________________________________
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翻译：我们从上午9点工作到下午6点。
We work from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. 携带某物在身上 ___t_a_ke_ _s_th_._ w__it_h_ __________________________________________________
翻译：带把伞，可能会下雨。
__T_a_k_e_ a_n_ _u_m__b_re_l_la_ _w_it_h_ _y_o_u_. _It_ m__a_y_ r_a_in_._ _______________________________________________
5. 事实上 _____in__ f_ac_t_ ______________________________________________________________
翻译：他很起来很老。事实上，他很年轻。
__H__e_ l_o_o_k_s _o_ld_._ B_u_t_ _in_ f_a_c_t_, _h_e_ is_ _y_o_u_n_g_. _________________________________________________
6. 出于这个原因 ____fo_r_ t_h_i_s _re_a_s_o_n_ ___________________________________________________
翻译：下雨了，处于这个原因，我们不能去沙滩。
It’s raining. For this reason, we can’t go to the beach.
________________________________________________________________________________
7. 例如 for example _________________________________________________________________________
翻译：我喜欢运动，例如我每天都慢跑。
___I _li_k_e_ s_p_o_r_ts_._ F_o_r_ e_x_a_m__p_le_,_ I _g_o_ _jo_g_g_i_n_g_ e_v_e_r_y_ d_a_y_. ______________________________________
8. 为了 _____in_ _o_rd_e_r_ t_o_ _____________________________________________________________
翻译：为了通过考试，他努力学习。
In order to pass the exam, he studies hard.
________________________________________________________________________________
9. 远离 ____fa_r_ a_w__a_y_ ______________________________________________________________
翻译：我的家离学校很远。
My home is far away from my school.
________________________________________________________________________________
10.参与某事 _______p_la_y_ a_ _p_a_r_t _in_ ___________________________________________________
翻译：睡眠对健康起关键作用。
Sleeping plays an important part in our health.
________________________________________________________________________________
11. ……的总数/数量 ______th_e_ _n_u_m__b_e_r _o_f ______________________________________________
翻译：我班学生的数量是50人。
___T_h_e_ n_u_m__b_e_r_ o_f_ t_h_e_ _st_u_d_e_n_t_s_ in_ _m_y_ _c_la_s_s_ i_s _5_0_. __________________________________________
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考点精讲
考点精讲1: 不定式（to do）的用法
教材原句：
We need each other to live, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection.
For example, they work hard together to make their homes.
When a bee finds new food, it uses a dance to tell the others where and how far away the food is.
Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
目的状
to do 在这里作 ____________语
不定式（to do）的用法：
作主语
To learn English is important. 学习英语很重要。
作宾语：
动词 + to do
例：want / decide / hope / learn / plan / promise / agree
She decided to study in the USA. 她决定去美国学习。
作宾语补足语
动词 + 宾语 + to do
例：ask / tell / want / invite / encourage / teach
He told me to wait here.他让我在这里等
作定语
名词 + to do（表示动作的未来性）
I have homework to finish. 我有作业要完成。
作状语
表目的
He works hard to pass the exam.他努力学习为了通过考试。
表结果
She woke up only to find everyone gone.她醒来结果发现人都走了
作表语
主语 + be + to do（说明主语内容)
My dream is to become a doctor. 我的梦想是成为医生。
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特殊结构：
疑问词 + to do
I don’t know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。
即学即练：
一. 用所给动词的不定式形式填空
1. She hopes ____t_o_ t_r_av_e_l_ _______ (travel) to Paris next year.
2. It’s difficult _____to_ _le_a_r_n_ ________ (learn) a new language.
3. He asked me ______n_o_t_ t_o_ t_e_ll_ ___ (not tell) anyone the secret.
4. My mother let me ____p_la_y_ __________ (play) outside for an hour.
5. I need a book _____t_o_ r_e_a_d_ _______ (read) during the holiday.
6. They plan ___t_o_ f_in__is_h_ ________ (finish) the project by Friday.
7. The problem is too hard _____to_ _s_o_lv_e_ ______ (solve).
8. His wish is ____t_o_ _b_e_co__m_e_ ______ (become) a scientist.
9. We use pens ____t_o_ w__r_it_e_ _______ (write).
10. He got up at 6:00 ____t_o_ c_a_t_c_h_ _______(catch) the early bus
二.选择题
1. My father taught me ______ a bike when I was 5.
A. ride B. to ride C. riding
2. I went to the library ______ some books.
A. borrowing B. to borrow C. borrow
3. She was excited ______ the first prize.
A. to win B. winning C. win
4. It’s important ______ water every day.
A. drink B. to drink C. drinking
5. We study hard ______ good grades.
A. get B. getting C. t o get D. got
6. He asked me ______ him with his homework.
A. help B. to help C. helping
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考点精讲2: without 的用法
教材原句：
In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.
without 作 ___介______词，意为：__没__有__；__缺__乏______________
without 的用法：
without + 名词/代词（表示"没有某物/某人"）
H e went to school without breakfast. 他没吃早饭就去上学了。
without + 动词-ing（表示"没有做某事"）
He left without saying goodbye. 他没有告别就离开了。
即学即练：
一.选择题
1. Don't use my computer ______ asking me first.
A. with B. no C. without D. not
2. ______ water, plants cannot grow.
A. With B. Without C. Not D. No
3. I can't make a cake ______ eggs.
A. with B. without C. no D. not
二. 改错题，正确的句子在横线上打“√”，错误的句子先在句中圈出错误的地方，再在横线上写
出正确的句子。
1. She left without say goodbye.
→ ___S_h_e_ _le_f_t _w_i_th_o__u_t _sa_y_i_n_g_ g_o_o_d_b_y_e_._ ___________________________________
2. We can't live with water.
→ ___W__e_ c_a_n_’_t _li_v_e_ w__it_h_o_u_t_ w_a_t_e_r._ _______________________________________
3. Without to study, you will fail the exam.
→ ___W_i_t_h_o_u_t _s_tu_d_y_i_n_g_, _yo__u_ w_i_ll_ f_a_il_ t_h_e_ e_x_a_m__. _____________________________
4. Don't touch it without asked!
→ ___D__o_n_’t_ t_o_u_c_h_ i_t _w_i_th__o_u_t _a_s_ki_n_g_. ______________________________________
5. Without your help, I can't finish this work.
____________________________________________________________________
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考点精讲3: the number of 的用法
教材原句：
However, the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.
the number of 意为：__…__…_的__总__数__；__…__…_的__数__量____
the number of 的用法：
the number of +复数名词，表示“……的总数；……的数量” ，强调整体数字本身，而非个体，
谓语动词用单数
The number of students is 5. 学生的人数是50人。
辨析：the number of 和 a number of
a number of +复数名词，表示“许多……”, 谓语动词用复数
A number of students are absent today.今天有许多学生缺席
即学即练：
一.选择题
1. ______ employees（员工） in this company ______ over 500.
A. The number of; are B. A number of; is C. The number of; is
2. ______ students ______ studying for exams now.
A. The number of; is B. A number of; are C. The number of; are
3. I have read ______ interesting books about space.
A. a number of B. the number of C. an amount of
考点精讲4: percent 的用法
教材原句：
In fact, without their work, about 80 per cent of the plants in the world cannot grow.
per cent 意为：_百__分__之__…__…_____________
per cent 的用法：
数字+ per cent
数字是1时，用单数 one per cent (1%)。
数字大于1时，per cent 本身不加s (不能说 five per cents)
当 per cent 后接不可数名词或单数名词时 → 谓语用单数
50% of the water is polluted. 50% 的水被污染了。
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当 per cent 后接复数可数名词时 → 谓语用复数
20% of the students are absent today. 今天有 20% 的学生缺席。
即学即练：
一. 用所给单词的适当形式填空：
are
1. 25 per cent of the students __________ (be) from China.
2. 80 per cent of the work __is_ ___ (be) finished.
is
3. Only 1 per cent of the water ______ (be) drinkable.
4. 100 per cent of the apples ___a_r_e_ ___ (be) fresh.
5. 40 per cent of the students in our class ____li_k_e_ ___ (like) basketball.
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教材预习 Section B P39
The Blue Whale
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on earth. It can weigh as
much as 200 tons. Many people like watching blue whales swim, and they
think it is one of the most beautiful things to see. Blue whales live in all
oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They eat a lot, but they eat some of the
tiniest animals in the ocean. A blue whale can eat around four tons of these
a day.
Blue whales can live up to 90 years. When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many kinds
of animals living in and around the sea. This food lasts for over a year and it helps to create a lively
and healthy ecosystem. Blue whales play an important role in our world, so we must protect them.
读短文，完成表格
Blue whale facts
weight 200 tons
where they live all oceans except the Arctic Ocean
food tiniest animals in the ocean
how long they live live up to 90 years
role in ecosystem important role
短语句型归纳：
1. 在地球上 ______o_n_ e_a_r_t_h_ ________________________________________
翻译：猎豹是地球上跑得最快的动物。
The cheetah is the fastest animals on earth.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. 多达 ____a_s_ m__u_c_h_ a_s_ ______________________________________________________
翻译：有些人每天工作长达12小时。
Some people work as much as 12 hours.
________________________________________________________________________________1_1
3. 达到；符合 ___l_iv_e_ u_p_ _t_o_ _________________________________________________________
翻译：这棵植物的寿命能达到百年。
__T_h_i_s _p_la_n_t_ _ca_n_ _li_v_e_ u_p_ _to_ _o_n_e_ h_u_n_d__re_d_ _y_e_ar_s_. ____________________________________________
4. 许多种类 _____m__a_n_y_ k_in_d_s_ _o_f ______________________________________________________
翻译：花园里有许多种类的花。
__T_h_e_r_e_ a_r_e_ m__a_n_y_ k_i_n_d_s_ o_f_ f_lo_w__e_rs_ _in_ _th_e_ _g_a_rd_e_n_._ _________________________________________
5. 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色 ___p_l_a_y _a_ r_o_l_e_ in_ _______________________________________
翻译：睡眠对保持健康有重要的作用。
____S_l_e_e_p_in_g_ _p_la_y_s_ a_n_ _im__p_o_r_ta_n_t_ r_o_le_ _in_ _o_u_r_ h_e_a_l_th_._ _______________________________________
考点精讲
考点精讲1: as much as 的用法
教材原句：
It can weigh as much as 200 tons.
as much as 意为 _____多__达____________
as much as的用法：
表示数量相同 (+不可数名词）
I need a s much water as you have. 我需要和你一样多的水。
表示程度相当（+动词/从句）
I love you a s much as I love myself. 我爱你如同爱自己。
He helped me a s much as he could. 他尽他所能帮助我。
表示强调 “多达……”、“甚至“ (+数字)
The whale can weigh a s much as 150 tons. 鲸鱼的重量可达150吨。
即学即练：
1. She doesn't drink ______ coffee ______ you.
A. as much; as B. as many; as C. so much; than D. so many; than
2. He loves basketball ______ he loves soccer.
A. as much as B. as many as C. so much as D. so many as
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考点精讲 2: except 的用法
教材原句：
Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
except 作 __介________词，意为： ____除__…_…__之__外__；__除__了__________
except 的用法：
except + 名词/代词（排除单个对象）
All students passed the exam except Tom. 除了汤姆，所有学生都通过了考试。
except + 介词短语（排除某类情况）
He goes to work every day except on Sundays. 除了周日，他每天都上班。
except + 动词不定式（当主句有do/does/did时省略to）
She does nothing except complain. 她除了抱怨什么都不做。
I had no choice except to wait. 除了等待我别无选择。
except + that从句（补充说明例外情况）
T he trip was perfect except that it rained. 除了下雨，这次旅行很完美。
except for（用于整体肯定中的局部修正)
The room was empty except for a chair. 除了一把椅子，房间空荡荡的。
辨析：except 和 besides
except →排除在外（不包括）
I like all colors except red.（我喜欢所有颜色，除了红色→ 红色不喜欢 ）
besides →除此之外还有（包括）
I like many colors besides red.（我喜欢很多颜色，包括红色→ 红色也喜欢 ）
即学即练：
1. Everyone was here ______ Lisa yesterday.
A. except B. besides C. beside
2. I like all subjects ______ math.
A. except B. beside C. besides
3. She can do everything ______ swim.
A. except B. except to C. except for
4. The park is beautiful ______ some litter on the ground.
A. except B. except for C. besides
5. _______ English, she can also speak French and Japanese.
A. Except B. Except for C. Besides
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