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/ 让教学更有效 弯道超车 | 英语学科
第2讲 八上U3-U4 三级比较
Unit 3
outgoing adj. 2.both adj.& pron. 3.hard-working adj.
4. which pron.& adj. 5. though adv. conj. 6．care v．
7．laugh v． 8. serious adj. 9．mirror n．
10.necessary adj. 11.reach v． 12．hand n．
13.touch v． 14．heart n． 15．fact n．
16．break v． 17.share v． 18．similar adj. 19.information n．
Unit 4
comfortable adj. 21．seat n． 22. close adj. 23．ticket n．
24．song n． 25.choose v． 26．fresh adj. 27．pretty adv. adj.
28．menu n． 29．talent n． 30.role n． 31.prize n．
32.everybody pron. 33．example n． 34．poor adj. 35.give v．
重 点 短 语
1.be talented in 2．care about
3.as long as 4.be different from
5.bring out the best in sb 6.the same as
7.in fact 8.be similar to
9.primary school 10.so far
11.have ...in common 12.all kinds of
13.be up to 14.play a role in sth
15.make up 16.for example
17.take …seriously
考点梳理
【辨析】 both，either，neither，all，any与none
【拓展】 both ...and ...，either ...or ...与neither ...nor ...(用作连词)
点拨：同级比较的句型
【辨析】win，beat 与 lose
【辨析2】 although，though与but
【辨析】 as soon as与as long as
综合练习（考点+语法+题型）
二、单项选择
( )1. John is outgoing boy and Mary is shy girl.
A. a;a B. an; an C.an ; a
( )2. Which TV show do you like ,CCTV News or Animal World.
A. good B. well C. better
( )3. It is hard to say who will the competition.They’re both talented in
singing.
A. decide B. win C. take
( )4. Jenny was very shy and quiet when she was young. But now she is .
A. serious B. fantastic C. outgoing
( )5. If you want to be healthier, you should eat junk food and take exercise.
A. more; fewer B. more; less C. less; more
( )6．Tina’s sister is than her.
A.More much popular B. Much more popular C. more many popular
( )7. I have two children, and of them are working in the restaurant.
A. all B. both C. each
( )8．Jenny has long hair, but my hair is than .
A. shorter; she B. longer; her C. longer; hers
( )9. This classroom is than that one.
A. Many bigger B. Much big C. Much bigger
( ) 10. -How did you school this morning -I rode my bicycle.
A. get B. reach C. arrive
( ) 11.Which is ________ month of the year —July, I think.
A．hot B．hotter C．the hottest
( ) 12.Of all the students, Li Ming is ________ to Mr Wang.
A．closer B．the closest C．the most closest
( ) 13.An elephant is ________ heavier than a tiger.
A．very B．so C．much
( )14. He's going to learn second language in third grade.
A. the；\ B. a；a C. the；the D.a /the
( )15. -Is English than history -No, English isn’t as as history.
A. easier; more difficult B. Difficult; more difficult C. More difficult; difficult
语 法 三级比较
知识点一：形容词
考点一 形容词的用法
考点二 形容词比较等级的变化
考点三 形容词比较等级的用法
考点四 形容词词义辨析
形容词是用来描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种开放性词类。主要用来修饰名词和代词，在句中作定语、表语、补足语或状语等成分。
考点一 形容词的用法
Ⅰ.形容词作定语
1. 形容词作定语时通常放在被修饰的词前。
In the future, people will have more free time. 将来，人们会有更多的自由时间。
2. 形容词后置，即放在被修饰词后的情况：
⑴ 形容词在修饰复合不定代词时，需置于其后。
Is there anything else in the bag 书包里还有其他东西吗？
⑵ 形容词修饰起名词作用的anywhere，somewhere时，通常后置。
Grandfather wants to find somewhere quiet and beautiful after he retires.
爷爷想退休以后找一个安静又漂亮的地方。
Ⅱ.形容词作表语
1. 在系动词be，become，get，go，feel，look，seem，appear，sound，smell，taste，turn，
grow，remain，stay，keep，stand等后作表语。
The music sounds very beautiful. 这种音乐听起来很优美。
Ⅲ. 作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make，leave，keep，find等动词连用。
They keep the classroom clean every day. 他们每天保持教室干净。
Ⅳ. 某些形容词加上定冠词the，相当于名词，指一类人或事物。
the old老人 the young年轻人 the rich富人 the wounded伤员
拓展： 形容词 +enough
【典例精析】
1. — Jack, is there __________ in today’s newspaper
— No, nothing.
A. anything important B. something important
C. important anything D. important something
2. — Let’s go on a picnic this weekend, OK
— That sounds __________.
A. great B. well C. hardly D. terribly
I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday evening. No one was at home, and Mum
and Dad hadn’t left me a note. This made me __________.
A. surprised B. happy C. angry D. excited
4. Though he is __________ at home, he doesn’t feel __________ for he has many things to do.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone C. alone; alone
考点二 形容词词义辨析
以’ed结尾的形容词和以’ing结尾的形容词
以-ed结尾的形容词表示被动意义，一般用来修饰人，多指人对事物的感受，常与in，
about或at等构成短语；以-ing结尾的形容词表示主动意义，一般用来修饰物，表示事
物的特征或性质，多指事物对人的影响。
We were very excited about the trip to Beijing. 对于去北京旅行，我们很兴奋。
The news about going camping next Sunday is so exciting.
下个星期天去宿营的消息是那么的令人激动。
常见词汇
-ed形容词 -ing形容词
bored无聊的 boring枯燥的
excited兴奋的 exciting令人兴奋的
interested感兴趣的 interesting有趣的
moved受感动的 moving令人感动的
pleased愉快的 pleasing令人愉快的
relaxed放松的 relaxing令人放松的
surprised惊讶的 surprising令人惊讶的
tired疲倦的 tiring令人疲倦的
tall和high，short和low
指人的个子、树、楼的高低时用tall与short，指其他事物（含价格price）的高低时一般
用high与low。
Tom is a tall boy. 汤姆是个高个子男孩。
The mountain in my hometown is high. 我家乡的那座山很高。
many，much，few，a few，little和a little
后接可数名词复数 后接不可数名词
many 许多 much 许多
few 极少；几乎没有 little 极少；几乎没有
a few 有一些 a little 一点儿
注意：
句中有only，just，still等词时要用a few或a little。
I can hardly understand the story, although there are few new words.
虽然故事里几乎没有生词，但我还是几乎没看懂。
— Can you speak Russian 你会说俄语吗？
— Yes, just a little. 是的，仅仅一点。
lonely和alone
lonely是表示心理活动的形容词，意为“孤独的，寂寞的，荒凉的”，可以作定语或表语；
alone作形容词时意为“独自的，单独的”，指无人陪伴，只能作表语。alone还可以作副
词讲，在句中作状语。
I was alone but I didn’t feel lonely. 我独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。
farther和further
farther和further都是far的比较级。在谈论地点、方向或距离时，farther和further可以
互换，但further还有“更多，进一步，稍后，额外”等抽象意义，而farther没有。
He went abroad for further study. 他出国是为了进修。
【典例精析】
Fishing with Dad was so __________ for little Sam that he almost fell asleep.
A. excited B. exciting C. bored D. boring
知识点二：副词
一、定义
副词修饰动词、形容词以及其它副词的词。常用来作状语表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。
二、形容词变副词规律
1.大部分形容词加ly变成副词
careful----carefully careless----carelessly quick---quickly
quiet----quietly different----differently successful--- successfully
2.不用去掉字母e：
polite--politely safe—safely wide--widely, wise(聪明的/明智的)--wisely（聪明地/明智地）
注意：唯一一个去e: true----truly （真的没e）
3. 以le结尾的形容词变le为ly
possible----possibly comfortable----comfortably terrible----terribly
4.以y结尾的形容词 变y为i加ly
easy----easily angry----angrily noisy----noisily
happy----happily heavy----heavily healthy----healthily
5. 本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变
fast----fast early----early hard----hard late----late far----far
6. 虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词，不能用来修饰动词
friendly lively:活泼的，生动的 lovely：可爱的， lonely：孤独的
7. 形容词和副词为完全不同的单词 好：good----well
8.wide(形容词，宽阔的)-----widely(副词，广泛地)
9. hard：①形容词：硬的，难的②副词：努力地；
hardly：“几乎不”(与hard毫无关系)
练习、将形容词变为副词
1.easy — 2.hard — 3.true — 4.heavy —
5.careful — 6.happy — 7.fast — 8.lucky —
9.gentle — 10.possible — 11.angry — 12.sad —
13.good — 14.bad — 15.near — 16.high —
17.terrible — 18.quick —
考点三 形容词比较等级的变化
英语中的形容词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。大部分形容词的比较级和最高级是通过词尾变化来实现的规则变化，也有少数是不规则变化。
Ⅰ.规则变化
构成规则 原级 比较级 最高级
一般直接在词尾加-er或-est。 small young smaller younger smallest youngest
以e结尾的单词在词尾加-r或-st。 wide nice wider nicer widest nicest
重读闭音节词，如末尾只有一个辅音字母，要先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-er或-est。 fat thin fatter thinner fattest thinnest
以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的单词，先变y为i，再在词尾加-er或-est。 heavy dirty heavier dirtier heaviest dirtiest
大多数双音节和多音节词，借助more或most构成。 careful famous more careful more famous most careful most famous
Ⅱ. 不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good / well better best
bad / ill worse worst
little less least
much / many more most
far farther farthest
further furthest
old older oldest
elder eldest
注意：
有些形容词没有程度之分或本身就表示某种程度，故而没有比较级和最高级。这类词主要有：right，wrong，last，possible，impossible，empty，final，first，east，favorite，wonderful，great，excellent等。
考点四 形容词比较等级的用法
Ⅰ. 原级的用法
1. 说明人或事物自身的特征、性质或状态时用形容词原级。
2. 有表示绝对概念的副词very，so，too，enough，quite等修饰时用形容词原级。
3. 表示A与B在某一方面程度相同或不同时用形容词原级。
形容词原级的常用结构
结构 用法 例句
A ... as + 形容词原级 + as + B. 表示“A和B一样”。 The weather is as hot as it was yesterday. 今天和昨天一样热。
A ... not so / as + 形容词 + as + B. 表示“A不如B”。相当于“less + 形容词原级 + than”。 Tom is not as / so strong as Sam. = Tom is less strong than Sam. 汤姆没有萨姆壮。
A ... + 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as + B. 表示“A是B的……倍”。 Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校的两倍。
注意：
有表示程度的副词very, so, too, enough, quite等修饰时，用形容词原级。
That film is too boring. 那部电影太无聊了。
【典例精析】
— English isn’t as __________ as Chinese.
— Maybe, perhaps it’s just because Chinese is your native language.
A. easy B. easily C. easier D. easiest
Ⅱ. 比较级的用法
形容词比较级的常用结构
结构 用法 例句
A + 比较级 + than + B. 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 Lesson 3 is less difficult than Lesson 4. 第3课没有第4课难。
比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越…… 多音节词和部分双音节词用“more and more + 形容词原级”。 It’s becoming colder and colder. 天气越来越冷了。 The girl becomes more and more beautiful. 那个女孩变得越来越漂亮。
the + 比较级, the + 比较级 越……就越…… The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，犯的错误就越少。
Which / Who is +比较级, A or B 哪一个更……。 表示在两者之间进行选择。 Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth 地球和月亮，哪个离太阳更近一些？
the + 比较级+of the two 两者之间更……的一个。 He is the thinner of the two. 两个人当中，他更瘦一些。
倍数 + 比较级 + than 几倍于……。 The room is five times bigger than that one. 这间房比那间大5倍。
注意：
表示程度的副词a little，a bit，a lot，much，even，still，far，any常放在形容词比较级前
表示比较的程度。
【典例精析】
1. Mr. Smith thinks running is __________ than gymnastics.
A. very popular B. more popular
C. most popular D. the most popular
2. — Many boy students think maths is __________ English.
— I agree. I’m weak in English.
A. much difficult than B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than D. more difficult than
3. After the rebuilding, our school is becoming __________.
A. more and more beautiful C. beautiful and beautiful
B. more beautiful and beautiful D. the more beautiful
4. — The doctor told me not to eat too much, but I find it difficult.
— The doctor is right. __________ you eat, __________ you will be.
A. The less; the healthier B. The less; the more healthier
C. The more; the healthier D. The more; the more healthier
5. Of the two coats, she’d like to choose the __________ one to save money for a book.
A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive
6. — Which do you like __________, summer or winter
— I prefer summer.
A. good B. well C. better D. best
7. I am good at maths, but his English is __________ than mine.
A. much better B. more better C. very better D. pretty better
8. — How are you today, Mike
— I’m __________ now. I don’t think this medicine is good for me.
A. badly B. better C. well D. worse
Ⅲ. 最高级的用法
形容词最高级的常用结构
结构 用法 例句
the + 最高级 + in / of短语 表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较。 This picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画里边最好的。
Which / Who is + the + 最高级, A, B or C 表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择。 Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill 汤姆、凯特和比尔谁最高？
one of the + 最高级+名词的复数形式 最……的……之一。 Miss Xu is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 许老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
序数词 + 形容词最高级 第几最……。 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二长河。
【典例精析】
1. Of all the subjects, English is __________ for me.
A. interesting B. more interesting
C. the most interesting D. much more interesting
2.At the Beijing Olympics, Bolt broke the 100’meter and 200’meter records and became the __________ man in the world.
A. fastest B. heaviest C. tallest D. slowest
3. You are doing great! I’ve never had __________ answer before.
A. better B. best C. a better D. the best
4. There isn’t an airport near where I live. The __________ one is about 90 miles away.
A. busiest B. farthest C. newest D. nearest
副词的比较级和最高级：
一、写出下列副词的比较级和最高级。
4. fast __________ __________ 5. slowly __________ __________
6. badly __________ __________
二、用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空，完成句子。
7. Lily did __________ (well) in her class in the final exam.
8. The boy studies _______ (hard) than his sister, so he often gets better scores.
9. Peter ran __________ (fast) in the game, so he won first prize.
10. I read the book carefully, but my sister read it _________ (carefully)
11. Jim is the one who gets up _________ (early) in his dormitory (宿舍).
三、单项选择。
( ) 1. We like him not only because he teaches us but also he treats us .
A. good; friendly B. good; kindly C. well; friendly D. well; kindly
( ) 2. Jim is running Bruce. They’re neck and neck.
faster than B. as fast as C. as faster as D. more slowly than
( ) 3. ---- Is the physics problem
---- Yes, I can work it out .
easy; easily B. easy; easy C. easily; easy D. easily; easily
( ) 4. This kind of shirts looks and sells .
A. nice; well B. nice; good C. well; well D. good; nice
( ) 5. ----- What was the weather like yesterday
----- It was terrible. It rained so that people could go out.
A. hardly; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hardly D. hard; hard
( ) 6. The boys were shouting and singing .
A. happy and excited B. happily and excitedly
C. to be happy and excited D. to be happily and excitedly
( ) 7. You should be _________, Jim. Look, you didn’t write _________.
carefully; careful B. careful; carefully
C. careful; careful D. carefully; carefully
( ) 8. The sports car is running _________. It seems to be flying.
A. fast and fast B. more and fast C. more and faster D. faster and faster
( ) 9. The horse is getting old and cannot run ________ it did.
A. as faster as B. so fast than C. faster D. so fast as
( ) 10. He tasted the soup _________. The soup tasted __________.
A. careful, good B. carefully, good C. careful, well D. carefully, well
综合练习：
(一) 中考链接
She plays the guitar wonderfully.
Yes, and her voice sounds ________,too.
A.beautiful B.more beautiful C.more beautifully D.beautifully
2. My hobby is changing all the time , now I am ________in collecting coins. It’s ______and valuable.
A.interesting interested B.interested interesting
C.interesting interest D.interested interested
Hi,Ella , which is the ________street in your city
High street . Many people go shopping there.
A.busier B.quieter C.busiest D.quietest
考点模拟
4. I am hungry, Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate
No, it tastes_______
A.terribly B.terrible C.good D.well
5. Look,Lily is _______than it used to be.
A.quite beautiful B.the most beautiful C.very beautiful D.much more beautiful
6. Our monitor takes exercise every day now,for he believes_______he does________he’ll be.
A.the less the stronger B.the more the fatter
C.the more the stronger D.more stronger
7. If you do it again ______,I believe you won’t make so many mistakes next time.
A.more careful B. much careful C. more carefully D. much carefully
8. The Nile is about 6671 kilometers__________
A.long B.wide C.deep D.high
9. The world’s population is growing ________and there is ______ land and water for growing rice
A.more less B.larger fewer C.larger less D.more fewer
10.I don’t believe the young man could run ______fast_______20 kilometers an hour.
A. as ;as B. as; like C. much; as D. so; like
12.—Do you like western food
—No ,The food of our country is ______that of western countries.
A. rather good than B. much better than
C. more better than D. not so good as
13. —How well did you do in the maths exam
—Better than before.I think it was ______difficult than the last one.
A.more B. less C. much D. very
新中考题型专项训练（二）
一．完型
Where do you usually study At home or in libraries More and more people 1 to study in paid study rooms today. To provide a(n) 2 learning environment, the study rooms have proper light to help people focus on (专注于) their work. The workers will tell people to keep in 3 in the study areas. “We hope to offer a great learning place to people who want to 4 ,” said Wang Yi, founder(创始人) of a 24-hour paid study room.
Feng Jia goes to the paid study room every day to study for tests. “There are not enough 5 in public libraries. Also, there are many people talking or 6 around,” he said.At home, it is even 7 to focus because of phones, snacks and pets.
Many people 8 the paid study rooms, but others are afraid that these rooms will take the place of libraries. Xu Qiang, director of the Shanghai Library's reader service center, 9 that public libraries and paid study rooms are both important. “Some people come to public libraries for the large number of books, 10 others go to the study rooms for thelearning environment,” said Xu.
( )1. A. fall B. choose C. send D. discuss
( )1. A. good B. terrible C. expensive D. large
( )3. A. surprise B. health C. shape D. silence
( )4. A. study B. talk C. drink D. cook
( )5. A. examples B. meals C. seats D. Screens
( )6. A. walking B. swimming C. riding D. jumping
( )7. A. shorter B. richer C. easier D. harder
( )8. A. disagree B.compare C. explain D. welcome
( )9. A. covers B. believes C. digs D. mixes
( )10. A. because B. while C. since D. unless
二．阅读
Peter was the richest in town. He had earned himself a bad name because he was too proud of his money. One day, Peter became blind. Only by doing a cornea transplant surgery（角膜移植手术）could he see again, but there was no donor（捐献者）. Peter had to wait in the hospital sadly.
One afternoon, Peter wanted to sit in the sun, so he felt his way for the little square before the hospital. He raised his head to enjoy the sunshine. However, he saw nothing but the whole darkness.
Just as Peter felt hopeless, someone hit him hard all of a sudden. That angered Peter, so he shouted loudly, “Don’t you have eyes Don’t you see who you hit! I’m Peter!”
The answer was from a little boy, “I’m sorry, sir. I didn’t notice, please forgive me!”
Peter changed his mind and ordered, “I can forgive you, but you must talk with me!”
The boy began. “How beautiful! The grass is green, the sky is blue, the flowers are coming out everywhere, and the little trees are also very lovely. The clouds are floating…”
As he was listening, Peter began to envy（嫉妒）that boy. Suddenly, he shouted, “Oh, my God, the little boy is so poor, nothing but a pair of eyes! Why do you give him light ”
“You are wrong!” came the voice of a lady, “My son is too poor to have eyes. What he just described is what I told him!” Peter sat on the square silently, tears coming up in his eyes.
Since then, the city charity（慈善机构）would receive a great deal of money every year from the richest person, Peter.
31. What did people think of Peter at the beginning of the story
A. They treated Peter badly. B. Peter was good with money.
C. Peter was unlucky. D. They disliked Peter.
32. Who hit Peter in the square
A. A hopeless person. B. An unknown. C. A strange lady. D. A little boy.
33. What does the underlined word “forgive” probably mean
A. 原谅 B. 帮助 C. 惩罚 D. 忘记
34. How did Peter probably feel after hearing the lady’s words
A. Angry and afraid. B. Nervous and excited.
C. Surprised and moved. D. Worried and regretful.
35. What is the theme of the story
A. Money can buy you friends. B. Light lies in people’s heart.
C. Patience brings a good return. D. Rich people are always kind.
三.六选五
" Without music, life would be a mistake, ", famous German philosopher(哲学家)Friend rich Nietzsche said over a century ago. Music is a big part of our lives. 1
For example, Chicago public schools hurt arts education when over 1,000 teachers were fired(解雇). Among them, 10 percent of the teachers taught art or music, according to The Washington Times. 2 In other countries, such as China and the UK, music classes are not thought to be as important as ones like science, math and history. 3 Many students are busy with schoolwork, so parents and students only pay attention to subjects that are tested more often.
However, learning music is helpful in many ways. 4 It is not as simple as it looks. For example, when playing the piano, people see music notes and decode(解码 )them in their brains(大脑). They also use their fingers to make sounds. You need to deal with all these things at the same time.
5 You can see that many scientists are good at playing music: Einstein played the violin, and German physicist Max Planck was talented in playing the piano.
A. In fact, this is not just a problem in the US.
B, Music has a special connection with science as well.
C. When playing music, you need different abilities to work together.
D. Students love to play musical instruments, but these instruments often cost a lot.
E. That's partly because music is not seen as a very important life sill and it isn't tested.
F. But in recent years, some US schools have cut music classes to control budgets(预算).
四.信息摘录
It's important to teach children what to do with emergencies.
A 4-year-old boy named Roman in the UK saved his mom. He unlocked his mother's phone by pressing her thumb(拇指) to the screen. He used Siri to call the emergency services, “Mom is closing her eyes and she's not breathing.”
At that time, a call handler(管理者) asked him, “Can you go and wake your mom up ” The boy replied, “I can't. She's dead.” The handler quickly got Roman's address and asked him to go and shake his mother. “She's not waking up,” he replied. “Give her a good shake, and shout out“Mom”! said the handler. The boy could be heard shouting“Mom”. And then he told the handler,“ It didn't work.”
Thirteen minutes later, the police arrived at the boy's home. They found Roman, his twin brother and younger brother with their mom. Their mom was sent to the hospital and saved in time.
Thanks to his quick thinking and asking Siri for help, this little boy successfully saved his mom's life. When his mother was interviewed, she told the reporter she was very proud of her son.
Roman Saved His Mom
Beginning His mom was sick.
Process He unlocked the phone and used Siri to call the emergency _1_______ He was taught how to do basic first aid, but it didn't _2_______ . The _3_______ arrived and his mom was sent to the __4________ .
Result His mom was successfully saved. When interviewed, she said she was very 5._________ of her son.

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