【暑期自练】专题01 动词时态、语态和主谓一致--2024年初升高英语暑假专题提升(全国通用)含答案与解析

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【暑期自练】专题01 动词时态、语态和主谓一致--2024年初升高英语暑假专题提升(全国通用)含答案与解析

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【暑期提升】专题01 动词时态、语态和主谓一致--2024年初升高英语暑假专题提升(全国通用)
一、单项选择
1.—How do you like new energy technologies in China
—Fantastic. Such technologies __________ rapidly during the last twenty years.
A.are progressing B.have progressed C.will progress D.was progressed
2.The discoveries made at Sanxingdui ________ some questions about the origin of Chinese civilization up to now.
A.will raise B.raised C.have raised D.had raised
3.It was the second time that she ______ Mount Everest with her teammates.
A.had climbed B.has climbed C.would climb D.climbed
4.E-mail as well as telephones ________ more and more popular in daily communication.
A.is becoming B.are becoming C.have become D.become
5.WeChat(微信) as well as telephones ______ an important part in our daily communication.
A.are playing B.have played C.is playing D.play
6.The entire class is excited because we __________ on an educational trip to a historical museum next Friday. The museum houses a vast collection of artifacts that offer a glimpse into the past.
A.are going B.go C.are to go D.are about to go
7.Mr. Smith_______ to have a talk with you. He will be here in a minute.
A.comes B.came C.has come D.is coming
8.Who _____ this part _____
A.is, belonged to B.does, belong to C.does, belong D.is, belong to
9.— Have you ever visited the Oriental Pearl TV Tower
— Yes. When I was at university in Shanghai, I ______ it twice.
A.visited B.have visited C.had visited D.would visit
10.My nephew will law Shandong University next year.
A.graduated from; in B.graduated in; from
C.graduate from; in D.graduate in; from
11.(1) Her smile deeply.
(2) Everyone (impress) by his moving speech.
A.impressed our; was impressed
B.made an impression in our; impressed
C.made an impression of us ; impressed
D.impressed us; was impressed
12.That earthquake all the people of the city.
A.frightening; frightening B.frightening; frightened
C.frightened; frightened D.frightened; frightening
13.Amy’s face suggested that she________ill, so I suggested that she to hospital immediately..
A.is, was sent B.was, should sent
C.is, should be sent D.was, be sent
14.The sun ________ below the horizon much sooner in winter than in summer.
A.is disappearing B.has disappeared C.disappears D.will disappear
15.—Have you finished your homework
—Not yet. I _______ it after dinner.
A.will do B.am doing C.have done D.do
16.—You know, new energy technologies in China ______ rapidly these years.
—Yes, we can see lots of cars with new energy on the streets.
A.are progressing B.will progress
C.were progressing D.have been progressed
17.Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
A.were given B.was given C.have been given D.has been given
18.Neither Mary nor her parents _______ of the exciting news, which surprises us a lot.
A.has informed B.have informed C.has been informed D.have been informed
19.In the UK, when having dinner with your friends, you have to wait until everyone else ________ before you start eating.
A.has served B.was served C.has been served D.had been served
20.The old scientist said that he _____ to visit their country before long.
A.invited B.had invited C.was inviting D.would be invited
21.Good care must ______babies, particularly while they are ill.
A.take B.take of C.be taken D.be taken of
22.Too many trees ________ down, leaving animals homeless.
A.has been cut B.have been cut C.has cut D.have cut
23.When they returned home, they found that their corn seeds on the roof ________ by a group of wild birds.
A.have stolen B.have been stolen C.were stolen D.had been stolen
24.I think much attention ________ the words correctly.
A.must be paid to pronouncing B.ought to be paid to the pronunciation
C.must be paid to pronounce D.should be paid to the pronunciation
25.—How amazing! I saw you appearing on the five o’clock news.
—Oh that! The headmaster _______ and I happened to pass by in front of the camera.
A.was being interviewed B.was interviewed
C.had been interviewed D.was interviewing
26.Some equipment as well as a number of maps and books ________ to the area from all over the globe since the earthquake occurred in Turkey.
A.has been offered B.had been offered C.have been offered D.has offered
27.Scott’s expedition ____________ to life by the interesting things inside the hut such as wooden skis, penguins’ eggs and biscuits.
A.brings B.brought
C.has brought D.has been brought
28.So far, much _________ about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
A.have written B.have been written C.is written D.has been written
29.To make public transportation more efficient and environmentally friendly, several improvements ________ by the city planners in recent years.
A.are made B.have been made
C.were made D.will be made
30.— How is the case going on
— I’m not sure, but it ________ at this evening’s meeting.
A.will be discussed B.will discuss
C.discussed D.is discussed
31.You will ________ by the delicious food and beautiful scenery here.
A.attract B.be attracted C.attracted D.be attracting
32.He recommended that the meeting ________ off.
A.put B.be put C.putting D.to put
33.On the contrary, I think it is David, __________ you, that __________ to blame.
A.rather than; is B.rather than; are C.more than; is D.more than; are
34.It’s Sunday today. You may _____ watch TV ______ play football now.
A.both, and B.neither, nor C.either, or D.not only, but also
35.Two-thirds of _____ in the fruit bowl are soft and sweet.
A.the orange B.the oranges C.the fish D.the meat
36.The teacher and writer _____ coming to _______ house.
A.are, Kate and Mary’s B.were, Kate’s and Mary
C.is, Kate’s and Mary’s D.is, Kate and Mary’s
37.Mr. Smith, as well as his wife ______ the online shopping experience in China since he moved back to New Zealand two years ago.
A.were missing B.has been missing
C.have been missing D.will be missing
38.Walking in the woods ________ a pleasant form of exercise.
A.be B.is C.are D.am
39.Either you or I ________ right.
A.are B.is C.am D.be
40.The number of people attending the conference ________ significantly over the past few years.
A.is increasing B.have increased C.has increased D.are increasing
41.The headmaster, together with his teaching staff, ______ the annual educational conference in Shanghai next week.
A.are attending B.is attending C.have attended D.has attended
42.— It’s said that drinking coffee _______ cancer. Do I have to give it up
— Relax! Not everything on WeChat is true.
A.causes B.has caused C.caused D.had caused
二、完成句子
43.Spain t Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821. (根据首字母提示完成句子)
44.She l (期待) going back to her home as soon as possible. (根据中英文提示填空)
45.Storm at Sea one of the best poems about the Atlantic.
46.这部电影如此受欢迎,以至于现在票已经被卖光了。
The movie is the tickets till now.
47.Most teenagers like basketball because (打篮球是最常见的体育运动) in high school. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
48.定期参观博物馆是提高我们历史兴趣的一个好方法。(be a great way to do sth. )
Visiting museums regularly .
三、单词拼写
49.A successful businessman usually has (经历) many ups and downs in his life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50.Trains may be subject to delay on the northern line—we (道歉) for any inconvenience caused. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
51.The police have (呼吁) to anyone with information to come forward and talk to them. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52.During the emergency many staff (志愿) to work through the weekend. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
53.As we all know, blood oxygen around our body.(运输)(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
54.When choosing a suitable place to live, this small town is often .(较喜欢) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
55.That the whole family get together on the Moon Festival is deeply r in Chinese culture. (根据首字母单词拼写)
56.The training course is t at individuals looking to polish their presentation skills. (根据首字母单词拼写)
57.All the students are (要求)to take part in the activity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
58.Of the two possibilities, the f seems more reasonable than the latter. (根据首字母单词拼写)
四、语法填空
59.Since the Yuan Dynasty, encouraged by court officials and emperors, Chinese Opera a traditional art form. (become) (所给词的适当形式填空)
60.Her parents of her marriage, but she still married her boyfriend. (approve) (所给词的适当形式填空)
61.Lucy often (do) his homework at seven. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62.Yesterday I (go) to Beijing with my sister. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63.The light (reflect) in the river and the scene looked so beautiful. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64.Her letter (receive)by her boss and he is reading it now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65.Chen Wangting’s original set of moves is called Chen-style tai chi, but other styles of tai chi (develop)since, including Yang-style, Wu-style and Sun-style. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66.Several new lines (build)and will be completed in the near future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67.Now the finishing touches (put)to a new swimming pool. (所给词的适当形式填空)
68.It’s not you but Mr Anderson who (be) to answer for the incident. (所给词的适当形式填空)
69.Now the teacher together with the students (be) discussing Reading Skills that (be) newly published in America. (所给词的适当形式填空)
70.More than one worker in this factory (come) from nearby villages. (所给词的适当形式填空)
71.Not only you but also he (be) tired of having one examination after another. (所给词的适当形式填空)
72.Dr. King believes everyone (suffer) from stress at some point in their lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)
73.A lot of valuable advice along with some encouraging words (offer) to the young businessmen at the conference yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
五、翻译
74.是因为天气不好我才迟到的。(强调句)(汉译英)
75.直到昨天我才得知这件事。(not until;强调句)(汉译英)
76.听到她被如此对待,我感到十分震惊。(宾语从句)(汉译英)
77.事实上,人们发现文化对他们的肢体语言影响很小。(be found to do)(汉译英)
78.鉴于天气的缘故,这项活动将在室内进行。(in view of)(汉译英)
79.这位老师和学生们都对这次实地考察感到兴奋。(as well as)(汉译英)
80.爬山是一种很好的运动。(SVP 句型)(汉译英)
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《【暑期提升】专题01 动词时态、语态和主谓一致--2024年初升高英语暑假专题提升(全国通用)》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B C A A C A D B A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D B D C A D B D C D
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D B D A A A D D B A
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 B B A C B D B B C C
题号 41 42
答案 B A
1.B
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:——你觉得中国的新能源技术怎么样?——太棒了。在过去的二十年里,这类技术发展得很快。根据时间状语“during the last twenty years”可知,此处表示从过去某一时间开始持续到现在的动作,且对现在产生了影响,符合现在完成时的用法,现在完成时的结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,主语“Such technologies”为复数,所以谓语动词为have progressed。故选B项。
2.C
【详解】考查时态。句意:三星堆考古发现至今仍引起人们对中华文明起源的质疑。根据句中时间状语up to now可知,用现在完成时。故选C。
3.A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:这是她第二次和队友们一起攀登珠穆朗玛峰。本句为固定句型“It was the+序数词+time that...”,that从句应用过去完成时,表示“到过去某个时间为止已经完成的动作”,即had climbed。故选A。
4.A
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:电子邮件和电话在日常交流中正变得越来越流行。as well as连接两个并列主语,谓语动词遵循“就远原则” 。“E-mail”为主语,故谓语动词应为单数形式,该句可表示正在发生的动作,故可用现在进行时。故选A。
5.C
【详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:微信以及电话在我们的日常交流中正在起着重要的作用。as well as连接两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要与as well as前面的主语保持一致,本句中主语是WeChat,为单数,所以谓语动词应用单数形式;又根据句意可知,此处表示现在正在发生的动作,应用现在进行时。故选C项。
6.A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:全班同学都很兴奋,因为下周五我们要去一个历史博物馆进行教育旅行。这个博物馆收藏了大量的文物,可以让人们一窥过去。go on a trip“旅行”。根据next Friday可知,表示按照计划或安排即将发生的动作,go可用现在进行时表将来,谓语用are going。be about to do表示“即将,正要”,强调动作马上就要发生,通常不与表示将来的具体时间状语连用,而句中有next Friday,所以不选are about to go。be to do结构可以表示将来,但它通常带有一种命令、注定或必须做的意味,不完全符合这里“兴奋期待”的语境。故选A。
7.D
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:史密斯先生要来和你谈话。他马上就到。根据He will be here in a minute.及选项动词come可知,表示即将要发生的事情,用现在进行时表示将来。故选D。
8.B
【详解】考查固定短语,时态和主谓一致。句意:这部分是谁的?belong to是固定短语,意为“属于”,不能用被动语态,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,句子是特殊疑问句,this part是单数,因此助动词用does,因此空格处分别是does和belong to。故选B。
9.A
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:——你参观过东方明珠电视塔吗?——是的。当我在上海上大学的时候,我去过两次。根据句中was可知,句子陈述过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,动词要用过去式形式。故选A。
10.B
【详解】考查时态和介词。句意:我的侄子明年将从山东大学法律系毕业。graduate in + 专业:表示“毕业于某专业”。graduate from + 学校:表示“从某学校毕业”。will后接动词原形,构成一般将来时。故选B项。
11.D
【详解】考查动词(短语)。句意:(1)她的微笑给我们留下了深刻的印象。(2)每个人都被他动人的演讲打动了。第一空为动词短语impress sb或make an impression on sb,表示“给某人留下深刻印象”,故第一空使用impressed us;第二空是被动结构be impressd by。故选D。
12.B
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析和时态。句意:那场令人恐惧的地震使城市里的所有人都感到害怕。第一个空需要一个形容词来修饰earthquake,frightening表示“令人恐惧的”,用来描述事物的特征,所以用 frightening修饰earthquake,表示“那场令人恐惧的地震”;第二个空是句子的谓语动词,frighten 表示“使惊吓;使害怕”,这里说地震使城市里的所有人都感到害怕,根据语境可知应用一般过去时,所以用frightened。故选B项。
13.D
【详解】考查时态及虚拟语气。句意:艾米的脸色表明她病了,所以我建议立即送她去医院。主句中suggest意为“表明”,其宾语从句不需要使用虚拟语气,主句为过去时,宾语从句陈述过去的事实,也用过去时,第一空应填was;so引导的结果状语从句中,suggest意为“建议”,其宾语从句应使用虚拟语气,should 加动词原形,should可省略,主语she指代Amy,生病了应该是被送往医院,应使用被动语态,第二空可填should be sent或be sent。故选D项。
14.C
【详解】考查一般现在时。句意:太阳在冬天比夏天消失得更快。句子是描述一个客观事实,使用一般现在时,主语sun表示单数意义,谓语动词使用三单形式,故选C。
15.A
【详解】考查时态。句意:——你作业写完了吗?——还没有。我晚餐后会写完。根据后文after dinner可知表示将来的动作用一般将来时。故选A。
16.D
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:—— 你知道吗,近年来中国的新能源技术一直在快速发展。—— 是的,我们可以看到街道上有很多新能源汽车。根据时间状语these years可知,此处使用现在完成时,主语technologies与动词progress之间为被动关系,所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态,主语为名词复数,所以谓语动词为have been progressed。故选D项。
17.B
【详解】考查时态,被动语态和主谓一致。句意:艾米和她的兄弟们上周回到村子时受到了热烈的欢迎。艾米和她的兄弟们是被欢迎,由last week可知,句子描述过去的事情,因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态,as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词根据前面的主语确定,即根据Amy确定,Amy是单数,因此空格处是was given。故选B。
18.D
【详解】考查时态语态以及主谓一致。句意:玛丽和她的父母都没有被告知这个令人兴奋的消息,这让我们很惊讶。空处为句子的谓语动词,句子使用现在完成时态,表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响,且主语和该动词之间为被动关系,所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态。“neither...nor...”连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词的数遵循“就近原则”,即与靠近谓语动词的那个主语保持一致。在本句中,靠近谓语动词的主语是her parents。是复数形式。故选D。
19.C
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:在英国,当你和你的朋友共进晚餐时,你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭。空格处缺少谓语动词,句中指你必须等到所有人都就坐后才开始吃饭,强调“所有人都就坐”的动作已经完成,应用现在完成时,everyone else意为“所有人”,于serve为被动关系,故句子应用现在完成时的被动语态,everyone else作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。故选C项。
20.D
【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:这位老科学家说不久之后他将被邀请去访问他们的国家。空格处是that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词,主句是一般过去时。“before long(不久之后)”表示将来的时间,所以从句要用过去将来时。同时,从句主语he和动词invite之间是被动关系,即“他被邀请”,所以要用被动语态。故选D。
21.D
【详解】考查语态。句意:必须好好照顾婴儿,尤其是在它们生病的时候。take good care of是固定短语,意为“好好照顾”。在该句中,Good care作主语,与take care of构成被动关系,所以要用被动语态。情态动词must后接动词原形。故选D。
22.B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:太多的树木被砍伐,动物无家可归。分析句子可知,这里考查谓语动词,时态可用现在完成时强调动作对现在的影响,主语Too many trees与cut为被动关系,所以应用现在完成时的被动语态,且主语为复数,助动词使用have。故选B项。
23.D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:当他们回到家时,他们发现屋顶上的玉米种子已经被一群野鸟偷走了。steal(偷窃,盗窃)是宾语从句中谓语动词,与主语their corn之间是被动关系,结合句意,“玉米种子被野鸟偷走”发生在“他们发现”这个过去动作之前,即“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时的被动语态had been stolen。故选D项。
24.A
【详解】考查固定短语和被动语态。句意:我认为必须非常注意正确读单词的发音。根据句意可知,句中涉及固定短语“pay attention to doing sth.”,意为“注意做某事”,“attention”和“pay”为被动关系,故句子应用被动语态,根据“the words”可知,句中应用动词“pronounce”,意为“发音”,动名词为“pronouncing”,故空格处应用“must be paid to pronouncing”。故选A项。
25.A
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:——太神奇了!我看到你出现在五点的新闻里了。——哦,那个啊!当时校长正在接受采访,我碰巧从镜头前经过。interview(采访)是谓语动词,与主语The headmaster之间是被动关系,结合语境和“I happened to pass by in front of the camera”可知,在“我”经过镜头时,校长正在被采访,强调过去某个时间正在进行的动作,用过去进行时的被动语态was being interviewed。故选A项。
26.A
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:自从土耳其发生地震以来,世界各地向该地区提供了一些设备以及大量地图和书籍。根据“since the earthquake occurred in Turkey”可知,此处为现在完成时,主语Some equipment as well as a number of maps and books和offer为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语由as well as连接,位于动词遵循就远原则,与some equipment保持一致,助动词使用has。故选A。
27.D
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:斯科特的探险队因小屋里的有趣事物而栩栩如生,比如木制滑雪板、企鹅蛋和饼干。bring...to life固定搭配,意为“使……生动起来”,主语和动词短语是被动关系,结合选项只有D项是被动语态,D项是现在完成时的被动语态,故选D。
28.D
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,关于万维网的奇迹已经写了很多。空处作句子的谓语,结合时间状语“So far”可知,时态应用现在完成时,write“写”和主语much之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,much表示“很多内容”,是单数概念,助动词要用has。故选D。
29.B
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:为了使公共交通更加高效和环保,近年来城市规划者进行了一些改进。空格处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in recent years可知,应该用现在完成时;主语several improvements与动词make之间是被动关系,应该用被动语态;主语是复数形式,助动词用have。故选B项。
30.A
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:——案件进展如何?——我不确定,但今晚的会议将讨论这个问题。分析句子可知,it(the case)与discuss为被动关系,再由at this evening’s meeting可知,这里时态应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A项。
31.B
【详解】考查被动语态。句意:你将会被这里美味的食物和美丽的风景所吸引。根据“by the delicious food and beautiful scenery(被美味的食物和美丽的风景)”可知,这里是被动关系,使用被动语态,因句子表示的是将来发生的动作,谓语动词使用一般将来时的被动语态形式will be attracted。故选B项。
32.B
【详解】考查虚拟语气用法和被动语态结构。句意:他建议会议推迟。句子“He recommended that the meeting ________ off.”是一个含有宾语从句的复合句,其中“recommended”表示 “建议”,其后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即“should+动词原形”,其中“should”可以省略。从句主语“the meeting”和动词短语“put off”之间是被动关系,设空处填should be put,should可省略。故选B项。
33.A
【详解】考查短语辨析和主谓一致。句意:相反,我认为是大卫,而不是你,应该受到责备。rather than而不是;more than超过、不仅仅。“it is David, _____ you, that _____ to blame.”是一个强调句,被强调部分“David, _____ you”是原句主语,第一空处表示是“David”而不是“you”该受责备,所以用连词rather than连接;第二空处是原句谓语,是连系动词,根据主谓一致中“就远原则”,当“rather than”连接两个名词做主语时,谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致,所以系动词与前面的名词“David”保持人称和数的一致,是第三人称单数形式is。故选A项。
34.C
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:今天是星期天。你现在要么看电视,要么踢足球。A. both, and两者都;B. neither, nor两者都不;C. either, or要么……要么;D. not only, but also不仅而且。此处表示两者中选择一个,用either…or…。故选C。
35.B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:果盘里三分之二的橙子又软又甜。A. the orange这个橘子(单数形式);B. the oranges这些橘子(复数形式);C. the fish这些鱼/鱼肉;D. the meat这些肉。根据后文谓语be动词为are,可知主语用复数形式,CD不能满足后文提到的“又软又甜”。故选B。
36.D
【详解】考查主谓一致和名词所有格。句意:这位老师兼作家要来凯特和玛丽的家。“the teacher and writer”表示“这位老师兼作家”,指的是同一个人,这个人既是老师又是作家,是单数概念,所以谓语动词要用单数形式,结合选项可知,第一空用is;根据第二空后单数名词“house”可知,第二空应用“Kate and Mary’s”表示凯特和玛丽共同的家。故选D。
37.B
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:自从两年前搬回新西兰后,史密斯先生和他的妻子一直怀念在中国的网购经历。根据“since he moved back to New Zealand two years ago”以及句意可知,此处表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在,可能仍然要继续下去,应用现在完成进行时,as well as连接并列主语时谓语遵循就远原则,谓语动词需与“Mr. Smith”保持一致,应用单数形式,因此空处应用has been missing。故选B。
38.B
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:在树林里散步是一种令人愉快的锻炼方式。句子的主语是“Walking in the woods”,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。故选B项。
39.C
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:不是你对就是我对。这是一个“either...or...”结构的句子,在这种结构中,谓语动词的形式遵循就近原则,即谓语动词的形式要与离它最近的主语保持一致。这里离谓语动词最近的主语是“I”,所以谓语动词为am。故选C项。
40.C
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:参加会议的人数在过去的几年中显著增加。A. is increasing正在增加(现在进行时);B. have increased已经增加(现在完成时);C. has increased已经增加(现在完成时);D. are increasing正在增加(现在进行时)。根据时间状语over the past few years可知,谓语动词需用现在完成时态。主语the number of people中的the number of表示“……的数量”,作主语时谓语动词需用单数形式,因此助动词应为has。故选C。
41.B
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:校长和他的教师们下周将出席在上海举行的年度教育会议。由together with构成的主语应遵循就远原则,即句子的核心主语是第三人称单数“The headmaster”,根据 “next week” 可知,句子时态是一般将来时。在英语中,现在进行时(be + doing)可以表示按计划、安排即将发生的动作,常用于这种用法的动词有come,go,leave,start,arrive,attend 等。故选B项。
42.A
【详解】考查时态。句意:——据说喝咖啡会致癌。我不得不放弃吗?——放松点!微信上的内容并非都是真实的。此处陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语drinking coffee,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
43. took/ook control of
【详解】考查动词短语及时态。句意:西班牙在16世纪控制了秘鲁,并一直统治到1821年。根据首字母“t”及语境“ruled until 1821”可知,此处表示“控制”,应用动词短语take control of,句子描述16世纪的过去动作,用一般过去时,所以动词take用过去式took。故填①took②control③of。
44. looks/ooks forward to
【详解】考查动词短语及时态。句意:她期待尽快回家。根据汉语提示“期待”及首字母“l”可知,空处应用动词短语look forward to,句子描述现在的状态,应用一般现在时,主语“She”为第三人称单数,所以动词look用第三人称单数形式looks。故填①looks②forward③to。
45.is regarded as
【解析】略
46. so popular that have been sold out
【详解】考查短语、时态和结果状语从句。“如此…… 以至于……”用短语so…that…,引导结果状语从句;“受欢迎”用形容词popular。“卖光”用短语sell out;名词tickets和 sell out之间是被动关系,且根据“till now(直到现在)”可知从句应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填so popular that;have been sold out。
47.playing basketball is the most common sport
【详解】考查动名词和形容词。句意:大多数青少年喜欢篮球,因为打篮球是高中最常见的运动。表示“打篮球”应用动词短语play basketball,此处作主语应用动名词形式。表示“最常见的”应用形容词最高级the most common作定语,表示“体育运动”应用名词sport。此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时。动名词作主语,谓语应用三单形式。故填playing basketball is the most common sport。
48.is a great way to increase our interest in history
【详解】考查句子结构,时态和动词不定式。根据汉语句子可知,设空处对应“是提高我们历史兴趣的一个好方法”,“是”用be表达,作谓语动词,结合语境用一般现在时,且主语为动名词,为第三人称单数,这里be用is;“一个……的好方法”用短语“a great way to do”表达,不定式做后置定语;“提高我们历史兴趣”用动词短语“increase our interest in history”表达,置于不定式符号to之后,动词用原形。故填is a great way to increase our interest in history。
49.undergone/experienced
【详解】考查动词。句意:一个成功的商人一生中通常经历过许多起起伏伏。根据汉语提示“经历”可知应填动词undergo或者experience,结合上文 has可知此处运用了现在完成时,空处应填动词过去分词与has 构成现在完成时结构。undergo 过去分词为undergone,experience 过去分词为 experienced,故填undergone或者experienced。
50.apologize
【详解】考查动词。句意:北线的列车可能会出现晚点情况——对此给您带来的不便我们深表歉意。根据汉语提示可知用动词apologize,作谓语,陈述事实用一般现在时,主语为we,谓语用原形。故填apologize。
51.appealed
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:警方已呼吁任何有消息的人站出来与他们交谈。“呼吁” 常见英文为 appeal,由have可知,这里使用的是现在完成时,其结构为 “have/has + 过去分词”,appeal的过去分词是appealed。故填appealed。
52.volunteered
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:在紧急情况下,许多员工自愿在周末加班。根据汉语提示“志愿”可知,此处应填动词volunteer作谓语,讲过去的情况,故用一般过去时。故填volunteered。
53.transports
【详解】考查动词。句意:众所周知,血液在我们体内运输氧气。“运输”英文是transport,本句陈述客观事实,时态为一般现在时,主语blood是不可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,transport的第三人称单数形式是transports。故填transports。
54.preferred
【详解】考查动词。句意:在选择合适的居住地时,这个小镇常常更受青睐。“较喜欢”英文是prefer,主语this small town是动作prefer的承受者,空处应用过去分词preferred与空前is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填preferred。
55.rooted
【解析】略
56.targeted
【解析】略
57.requested
【解析】略
58.former/ormer
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在这两种可能性中,前者似乎比后者更合理。根据句意和首字母以及latter可知,空处应用former,the former表示“前者”,作主语。故填former。
59.has become
【详解】考查时态。句意:自元朝以来,在朝廷官员和皇帝的鼓励下,中国戏曲已成为一种传统艺术形式。since“自……以来”,常与现在完成时连用,其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”,主语Chinese Opera是单数,助动词用has,become的过去分词是become。故填has become。
60.disapproved
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:她的父母不赞成她的婚姻,但她仍然嫁给了她的男朋友。根据下文的“but she still married her boyfriend”可推知,父母的态度是“不赞成”,因此需要使用approve的否定形式disapprove意为“不赞成”,结合后半句的一般过去时,此处也应用一般过去时。故填disapproved。
61.does
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:露西经常在七点做作业。根据often可知,句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作,应用一般现在时,主语Lucy为第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,do的第三人称单数形式为does。故填does。
62.went
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意:昨天我和我妹妹去了北京。根据“Yesterday”可知句子是描述过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时,空处使用动词过去式went。故填went。
63.was reflected
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:灯光倒映在河中,景色看起来很美。本空为and前句子的谓语,根据looked可知,本句描述过去的事情,时态用一般过去时,且主语The light与reflect“照出(影像)”为被动关系,因此用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was。故填was reflected。
64.has been received
【解析】略
65.have been developed
【解析】略
66.are being built
【解析】略
67.are being put
【解析】略
68.is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:不是你,而是安德森先生应对这一事件负责。陈述事实用一般现在时,且not...but...句型遵循就近原则,谓语用单数。故填is。
69. is was
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:现在老师和学生们正在讨论美国新出版的《阅读技巧》。第一空处句子主语为the teacher together with the students,当主语后接together with短语时,谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致,故谓语动词应与the teacher保持一致,用单数,且由时间状语Now可知,句子描述的是现在正在进行的动作,应用现在进行时,故第一空填is;第二空处句子为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词Reading Skills,先行词在从句中作主语,且表示书名,为单数,由newly published可知,句子描述的是过去发生的动作,应用一般过去时,故第二空填was。故填①is;②was。
70.comes
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意:这家工厂里不止一个工人来自附近的村庄。come from“来自”。这里描述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,“more than one+可数名词单数”作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。本空用come的第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
71.is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:不仅是你,他也厌倦了一次又一次的考试。陈述事实用一般现在时,且not only...but also...连接名词/代词作主语,谓语遵循就近原则,词句谓语动词与he保持一致,用单数。故填is。
72.suffers
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:金博士认为每个人在人生的某个阶段都会遭受压力。空处作宾语从句的谓语动词,根据主句believes及从句时间状语at some point in their lives可知,从句应用一般现在时,主语是everyone,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式suffers。故填suffers。
73.was offered
【详解】考查动词时态、主谓一致。句意:在昨天的会议上,年轻的商人们得到了很多宝贵的建议和一些鼓励的话。根据yesterday可知,本句描述过去的动作,故时态用一般过去时,本句的主语A lot of valuable advice along with some encouraging words,与offer“提供”为被动关系,句子用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语和along with前面的名词一致,即与A lot of valuable advice一致,所以be动词用was。故填was offered。
74.It was because of the bad weather that I was late.
【解析】略
75.It was not until yesterday that I learned it.
【解析】略
76.I was shocked to hear about how(= the way)she had been treated.
【解析】
77.In fact, culture is found to have very little influence on their body language.
【解析】略
78.In view of the weather, the activity will be held indoors.
【解析】略
79.The teacher as well as the students is excited about the field trip.
【详解】考查时态和短语。根据句意,句子使用一般现在时,原句需用as well as连接主语“这位老师(the teacher)”和“学生们(the students)”。“这次实地考察”译为“the field trip”,“感到兴奋”用“be excited about”结构。当主语由“A as well as B”构成时,谓语动词需与A(第一个主语)保持人称和数的一致。此处A是单数the teacher,故谓语动词用第三人称单数,故译为The teacher as well as the students is excited about the field trip.
80.Climbing is a good sport.
【详解】考查主系表结构、非谓语动词、时态和主谓一致。根据提示,本句译文使用“主系表”结构。“爬山”是一项活动,可使用动名词作主语,译为climbing。“是”使用系动词be,且本句描述的是一种客观评价或普遍认可的观点,应使用一般现在时,be与主语进行主谓一致搭配,用is。“很好的”译为形容词good。“运动”可用sport一词,此处表示爬山这项具体运动,是可数名词,因此“一种很好的运动”译为a good sport。故翻译为Climbing is a good sport.。
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