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【暑期自练】 专题05 定语从句--2024年初升高英语暑假专题提升（全国通用）
一、单项选择
1．Our English teacher recommended us a reference book whose content was detailed and well-organized. 请判断划线部分的句子成分：________
A．object (宾语) B．attributive (定语) C．adverbial (状语) D．complement (补语)
2．The girl gave us a wonderful performance yesterday is my best friend.
A．which B．who C．whom D．what
3．I received a letter from my pen pal yesterday, ___________ was full of exciting news about her recent trip to Europe.
A．which B．that C．what D．it
4．__________is reported, vaccination is an effective way to prevent diseases.
A．What B．It C．As D．That
5．The man ______ wants to see you is waiting for you at the school gate.
A．who B．which C．whom D．whose
6．We are living in an information age ________ many things can be done on the Internet.
A．when B．where C．that D．which
7．The museum____________ we visited last week has a famous collection of ancient paintings.
A．who B．which C．where D．when
8．The reason ______ I have to go is ______ my mother is ill in bed.
A．why; why B．why; because C．why; that D．that; because
9．The reason ______ she explained to me for her absence was ______ she got stuck in the traffic jam.
A．that; that B．why; because C．why; that D．that; because
10．Only by changing the way ________ we treat the wildlife ________ with the nature in harmony.
A．how; can we exist B．which; we can exist
C．that; can we exist D．where; we can exist
11．That land, ________ you get your strength is the only thing ________ matters.
A．from which; / B．which; that C．where; which D．from which; that
12．The course normally attracts about 100 students per year, ______ up to half will be from abroad.
A．who B．of which C．whom D．of whom
13．I will never forget the days ________ we spent together and ________ we made friends with some farmers.
A．when; that B．that; that C．that; when D．which; which
14．Most players of the basketball team, _______ had tried their best to play the game, were sleeping soundly.
A．which B．whom C．who D．that
15．The only system I know ________will help you remember________you have heard at a lecture is the system of keeping notes.
A．that, that B．which, that C．that, what D．which, what
16．In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.
A．its B．that C．whose D．which
17．The only thing ______ bothered Chris was that his boss never replied to his email.
A．which B．that C．it D．how
18．Kate, ______ sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia.
A．whom B．that C．whose D．her
19．Newton is known as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses, who stood at the point in history ______ magic ended and science began.
A．when B．as C．which D．where
20．Many young people, most of ______ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
A．them B．whom C．who D．that
21．The town ______ we visited last month is the one _______ the famous artist was born.
A．where; which B．where; where C．that; which D．that; where
22．Is this college _____ they went to last year Is this the university ____ you visited last time
A．that, the one B．which, where C．the one, which D．the one, what
23．It was in the hall ____we used to have meetings_____ the meeting was held.
A．that, where B．where, that C．that, that D．where, where
24．Written Chinese has become a vital means _________ the present is connected with the past.
A．in which B．with which C．by which D．of which
25．We are in a situation ________ we have to accept the fact that we have lost the game.
A．when B．how C．where D．why
26．The house, which has become a tourist attraction, ________ windows were broken, was built 200 years ago.
A．which B．that C．where D．whose
27．The students are hard-working, all of ________ wish to enter top universities.
A．whom B．them C．who D．whose
28．The man profession is an editor lives next to us in the same community.
A．his B．whom C．who D．whose
29．Was it in the room ________ Mr. Johnson lived ________ the exhibition was held
A．that; that B．where; that C．where; where D．that; where
30．The bakery at my father worked a few years ago is not far from here.
A．which B．that C．where D．what
二、语法填空
31．During exam time we have a special programme tells students the things they should do. (连词) （用适当的词填空）
32．The film is the first one I saw this year. (用适当的词填空)
33．You are the very student I’m looking for. (用适当的词填空)
34．The girl likes reading is my sister. (用适当的词填空)
35．Do you know the girl (stand)under the tree leaves are red (所给词的适当形式填空)
36． is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (用适当的词填空)
37．The boy and the dog are in the picture are very lovely. (用适当的词填空)
38．My parents like to live in a town there is plenty of sunshine. (用适当的词填空)
39．A typhoon is an extremely strong wind often happens on the Western Pacific Ocean. (用适当的词填空)
40．You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in a house can burn up as it burns down. (用适当的词填空)
41．The paintings that are created by the artist has a unique style are much appealing and expressive than the ones that are simply copied from others. (用适当的词填空)
42．The only book I have read recently is about the history of science. (用适当的词填空)
43．It is about (explore) new technologies and (amaze) by the achievements of the scientists dedicated themselves to the development of the country and strove for the progress of humankind. (所给词的适当形式填空)
三、翻译
44．建议信是写给遇到问题但不知道如何解决问题的人的。(定语从句)(汉译英)
___________________________________________________________________________________
45．毕业后, 她到了需要决定做什么的阶段。(where)(汉译英)
46．老师在课堂上问的问题让我感到很困惑。（汉译英）
47．那是女孩受歧视的时代。(a time when……)(汉译英)
48．青少年经常会陷入一种难辨是非的局面。（a situation where）（汉译英）
49．这位激励了许多学生的老师分享了她是如何平衡职业和个人生活的。(定语从句; 宾语从句)(汉译英)
50．正如报道的那样，吸烟者的数量仅在一年之内就下降了17%。（as引导非限制性定语从句）(汉译英)
51．一群青少年设计了一款健康饮食应用程序，旨在帮助那些渴望以健康方式减肥的人。(whose)(汉译英)
52．事实上，许多毕业生确实找到了与他们梦想不同的工作。(be different from)(汉译英)
53．He didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for. （英译汉）
54．虚拟现实(Virtual Reality)技术可用于创造身临其境的(immersive)体验，比数字媒体技术更先进。(定语从句) (汉译英)
55．博物馆关乎展示丰富的历史文物，举办各种能传播知识的文化活动。(定语从句)(汉译英)
56．据统计，至少十分之六的城市存在交通拥堵(congestion)问题，其中有三分之一的城市拥堵状况在高峰时段极为严重。(非限制性定语从句)(汉译英)
57．父母应该创造一个环境，让孩子们感到安全。（where引导定语从句）(汉译英)
58．你可能遇上一种情况, 使你不得不立刻做出决定。（定语从句）（汉译英）
59．对埃及人来说, 绿色代表着春天的希望和喜悦。（stand for）（汉译英）
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《【暑期自练】 专题05 定语从句--2024年初升高英语暑假专题提升（全国通用）》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B B A C A A B C A C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D D C C C C B C D B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C B C C D A D B A
1．B
【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我们的英语老师给我们推荐了一本参考书，内容详细，组织有序。划线部分是whose引导的定语从句，修饰名词book。故选B。
2．B
【解析】略
3．A
【解析】略
4．C
【解析】略
5．A
【解析】略
6．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们生活在一个信息时代，很多事情都可以在互联网上完成。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词age是时代，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句，故选A。
7．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们上周参观的博物馆有一批著名的古画。该空需要一个关系词引导定语从句修饰名词museum，代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that。故选B项。
8．C
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：我必须去的原因是我妈妈病在床上。第一空引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导；第二空引导名词性从句作is的表语，表语从句的成分和语义均完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。固定句型the reason why… is that…表示“……的原因是……”。故选C。
9．A
【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：她向我解释她缺席的原因是她遇到了交通堵塞。“______ she explained to me for her absence”为限制性定语从句修饰先行词The reason，设空处指代先行词在从句中作explained的宾语，先行词the reason指的是事物，所以第一空使用关系代词that/which ；第二空为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中句意完整，且不缺少成分，所以此处使用连接词that，主语为the reason时，不能使用because引导表语从句。故选A。
10．C
【详解】考查定语从句和倒装句。句意：只有改变我们对待野生动物的方式，我们才能与自然和谐相处。第一空引导定语从句，先行词是way，关系词在从句中作方式状语，应用that或in which引导；本句是“only+介词短语”置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，因此，第二空应把助动词can提到句首。故选C。
11．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那片土地，你从中获得力量，是唯一重要的东西。一空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词That land指物，从句中有固定搭配：get sth. from意为“从……得到某物”，缺少介词from，所以应该用from which引导从句，二空处引导定语从句，先行词是the only thing，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，当先行词有only修饰时，只能用that引导。故选D项。
12．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这门课程通常每年吸引大约100名学生，其中多达一半来自国外。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词students进行限定说明，空格处表达的应该是“这些学生中多大一半”，即up to half of the students，在定语从句中，应该用关系代词whom代替先行词students作介词of的宾语，且of whom可以提前。故选D项。
13．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我们在一起度过的日子，当我们和一些农民交朋友的时候。第一空为引导定语从句的关系词，先行词为名词the days，指物，关系词在从句中作spent的宾语，因此用that或者which；第二个空格处也为定语从句的关系词，先行词为days，在句子中作状语，表示时间，所以用关系副词when。故选C。
14．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：篮球队的大多数队员，他们已经尽了最大的努力去打比赛，他们都睡得很香。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是players，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故选C。
15．C
【详解】考查定语从句，宾语从句。句意：我所知道的唯一能帮助你记住在讲座中听到的内容的系统是记笔记的系统。第一个空，这里需要一个关系代词引导定语从句，修饰“the only system”。由于“system”是物，且从句中缺少主语，因此用“that”；第二个空，这里需要一个连接代词引导宾语从句，作“remember”的宾语。由于从句中缺少宾语，且表示“你所听到的内容”，因此用“what”。故选C。
16．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署，其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。此处是“介词短语+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是the World Food Programme，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose，故选C。
17．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：唯一让克里斯感到困扰的是，他的老板从未回复过他的电子邮件。空处引导定语从句“______ bothered Chris”，修饰先行词thing，指物，且在从句中作主语，先行词thing前有The only修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故选B。
18．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了，在我们上大学的时候，我和她的姐姐同住一个房间。空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Kate，关系词指代先行词Kate并在从句中作定语，即“凯特的姐姐”，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故选C。
19．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：牛顿被认为是一位天才的科学家，但也有人类的弱点，他站在历史上魔法终结，科学开始的地方。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the point，空处关系词指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故选D项。
20．B
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多年轻人前往偏远地区追逐他们的梦想，他们中的大多数人都受过良好的教育。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Many young people，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词of的宾语，介词后不能用that，who也不能用在介词之后，them不能引导从句，所以应用关系代词 whom。故选B。
21．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们上个月参观的那个小镇就是这位著名艺术家出生的地方。第一空，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The town，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句；第二空，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the one，指代The town，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故选D项。
22．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是他们去年上的那所大学吗？这就是你上次参观的那所大学吗？第一句中，this college 是主语，句子缺少表语，the one可在句中作表语，相当于the college，引导词在从句中作宾语，可省略，所以第一个空填 the one；第二句中，the university 是先行词，在从句中作visited的宾语，关系代词可用which或that，也可省略，所以第二个空填 which。故选C。
23．B
【详解】考查强调句型和定语从句。句意：这次会议是在我们过去开会的大厅里举行的。分析句子可知，该句第一空为关系词引导的定语从句，对先行词the hall的修饰，先行词“the hall”，在定语从句中作地点状语成分，所以引导词用“where”；该句第二空为It was…that…的强调句型，被强调部分为in the hall where we used to have meetings，为强调句子的状语成分。故选B项。
24．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汉语书面语已经成了一种连接现在与过去的重要手段。此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词means指物，means与by连用。故填C。
25．C
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们现在的处境是我们必须接受输掉比赛的事实。situation是先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，因此使用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选C项。
26．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这所房子已经成为一个旅游景点，是200年前建造的,它的窗户被打破了。此处需要关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the house，在从句中作定语,关系代词为whose。故选D。
27．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这些学生都很努力，他们都希望进入顶尖大学。“all of ________ wish to enter top universities”是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为the students，空处引导定语从句，指代先行词the students，指人，并在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用whom引导从句。故选A。
28．D
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个以编辑为职业的人住在我们同一个社区的隔壁。______profession is an editor是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，且关系词在从句中作定语，修饰profession，应用whose引导定语从句，故选D。
29．B
【详解】考查强调句和定语从句。句意：展览是在约翰逊先生住的那个房间举行的吗？第一空为定语从句修饰先行词room，关系词在从句作地点状语，故用where引导；第二句为一般疑问句的强调句型：Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+其它部分 ，被强调部分为in the room ________ Mr. Johnson lived，故用that。故选B。
30．A
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我父亲几年前工作过的那家面包店离这里不远。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词bakery进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作worked at的宾语，且介词at提到关系代词前，所以只能用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作宾语。故选A项。
31．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在考试期间，我们有一个特别的节目，告诉学生他们应该做的事情。设空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词a special programme，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
32．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我今年看的第一部电影。空处引导定语从句，先行词是one，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，应用关系代词that引导，故填that。
33．that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你就是我要找的那个学生。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为the student，同时先行词前有the very进行限定，引导词在从句中作宾语，关系代词只能用that，故空格处应填that。
34．who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：喜欢阅读的那个女孩是我的妹妹。设空处引导定语从句，先行词为The girl，引导词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that/who。
35． standing whose
【解析】
36．As
【解析】略
37．that
【解析】略
38．where
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：我的父母喜欢住在一个阳光充足的小镇。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为town，在从句中作地点状语，即“在这个小镇里有充足阳光”，所以应用关系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
39．that/which
【详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：台风是一种极强的风，经常发生在西太平洋。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为wind，指物，且从句中缺少主语，因此应用关系代词that或which引导该从句。故填that/which。
40．which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你也不得不感叹一种语言的独特疯狂之处，在这种语言中，一所房子在“burns down(烧毁)”时，也可以说它“burns up(烧尽)”。空处引导定语从句，为“介词 + 关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词为language，指物，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
41． who/ that more
【解析】略
42．that
【解析】略
43． exploring being amazed who/ that
【解析】略
44．A letter of advice is written to someone who has a problem and does not know how to solve it.
【解析】
45．After her graduation, she reached a stage where she needed to decide what to do.
【解析】略
46．The questions the teacher asked in class made me feel confused.
【详解】考查定语从句、时态和形容词。表示“老师在课堂上问的问题”用“the questions the teacher asked in class”，其中“the teacher asked in class”为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词“the questions”；表示“让某人做某事”用“make sb. do sth.”，根据句意可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式“made”；表示“我”用“me”，作宾语；表示“感到很困惑”用“feel confused”，其中“confused”为形容词，意为“感到困惑的”，作表语。故翻译为The questions the teacher asked in class made me feel confused.
47．It was a time when girls were looked down upon.
【解析】略
48．Teenagers often get into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong/ tell right from wrong.
【解析】略
49．The teacher who inspired many students shared how she managed to balance her professional and personal life.
【解析】略
50．As is reported, the number of smokers has dropped by17% in just one year.
【解析】略
51．A group of teenagers designed a healthy eating app whose purpose is to help those eager to lose weight in a healthy way.
【解析】略
52．In fact, many graduates do get the job that is different from what they dreamed about.
【解析】略
53．他不知道他将要得到他等待已久的机会。
【详解】考查宾语从句和定语从句。“He didn’t know”表示“他不知道”，后跟宾语从句“he’d soon get the chance”，意为“他很快会得到机会”，即“他不知道他将要得到机会”；“that he’d been waiting for”为定语从句，修饰先行词“chance”，表示“他等待已久的机会”。故全句译为：他不知道他将要得到他等待已久的机会。
54．Virtual Reality Technology which/ that can be used to create immersive experiences is more advanced than Digital Media Technology.
【解析】略
55．Museums are about displaying rich historical relics and holding various cultural activities which/ that can spread knowledge.
【解析】略
56．According to the statistics, at least six out of ten cities have traffic congestion problems, of which one third have extremely serious congestion during peak hours.
【解析】略
57．Parents are supposed to create an environment where children feel safe.
【解析】略
58．You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
【解析】略
59．To the Egyptians, green is a colour which stands for hope and joy of spring.
【解析】略
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