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Unit4 Section A
一、重要词汇
序号 英文 词性 中文
1 Moss n 苔藓
2 Redwood n 红杉
3 Cheetah n 猎豹
4 Folding adj 折叠的
5 Bamboo n 竹子
6 Popular adj 受欢迎的
7 Goodness n 美德
8 Tool n 工具
9 Shoot n/v 幼苗；开（枪）
10 Actually adv 实际上
11 Appear v 出现
重要短语
序号 英文 中文
1 Feel free to do sth 可随便做某事
2 A symbol of…… ……的象征
3 Use sth to do sth 用某物去做某事
词性转化
Folding（adj）折叠的—fold（v）折叠—unfold（v）打开
Goodness（n）—good（adj）好的
Shoot（v）—shot（v）过去式
Actually（adv）—actual（adj）实际上的
Appear（v）—appearance（n）外貌—disappear（v）消失
形容词及副词最高级
构成方法 原级 最高级
单音节词和部分双音节词 一般情况下，最高级词尾加—est Tall，short，fast Tallest，shortest，fastest
以字母e结尾的词，最高级词尾加-est Big；fat；thin Biggest；fattest；latest
重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母，然后最高级词尾加-est Easy；heavy；early Easiest；heaviest；earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加most构成最高级 Beautiful；popular Most beautiful；most popular
不规则变化
good/well—better—best
Many/more—more—most
Bad/ill/badly—worse—worst
Far/fur—farther/further—farthest/furthest
Little—less—least
一、单项选择
1．The Yangtze River is one of ________ rivers in the world.
A．long B．longer C．the longest D．the longer
2．The last but not ________ important thing is to enjoy the process of learning.
A．least B．more C．most D．many
3．Of all the students in my class, Mary writes ________.
A．the most carefully B．more carefully
C．more careful D．the most careful
4．Not only the twins but also Sandy always ________ and they are ________ students in our class.
A．works hard; the most hard-working B．works hard; the hardest
C．hard work; the most hard-working D．hard work; the hardest
5．—Do you know Shanghai is one of ________ cities in the world
—Yes, it’s bigger than ________ city in China.
the biggest; any other B．the biggest; any
C．bigger; any other D．bigger; the other
6．Monday is usually ________ day of the week for me.
A．the busyest B．the busiest C．busier than D．the busy
7．Which do you think tastes _______, chicken, beef or pork
A．good B．well C．the best D．better
8．—Whose home is ________ from school in our class
—Liu Mei’s.
A．farther B．far C．the farther D．the farthest
二、单词拼写
9．This large box is made of (竹子).
10．Miss Wang is (受欢迎的) with her students.
11． (大多数) of the students in our class took online classes last Saturday.
12．He’s the most (英俊的) man I have ever met.
13．Nancy lives the (最远地) from school in our school.
14．We expected him to come, but he didn’t (出现).
15．She is one of the most popular （记者）in our town.
三、适当形式填空
16．Of all the three workers, Mr William lives (healthy), so he can live a long life.
17．Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the (famous).
18．David is the (careful) boy in his class and he never loses things.
19．Tintin lives the (far) from school in our class.
20．The doctor advised him (take) a walk after dinner.
21． (take) a walk after dinner is good for your health.
四、完形填空
The sun bear (马来熊) is the smallest member of the bear family. It has a black coat and a white or golden patch of fur on its chest. According to the legend, it represents (代表) the rising 22 .
Sun bears live in the rainforest of South East Asia. They eat both plants and animals. Usually they can only grow to be about 1.5 metres in 23 and 25-70 kilogrammes in weight. That size allows them to move easily through the 24 . They usually live alone and are happy to spend most of their time by 25 .
Scientists studied 22 sun bears at the Bornean Sun Bear Conservation Centre (保护中心) in Malaysia. They found sun bears have developed a 26 social skill. They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情) as a form of 27 . They can even copy exact muscular (肌肉的) movements that other sun bears make—such as 28 a face.
Humans, apes (猿) and some other animals like dogs have the 29 to copy facial expressions, but only humans and apes have the ability to 30 copy facial expressions. Unlike apes (our close 31 ) and dogs (which live with us), sun bears have no close relationship with humans.
Sun bears live alone in the 32 , but the bears in the study often played gently with each other. Sometimes they played with faster 33 as hitting and biting. Scientists are not sure what 34 the sun bears were sending to one another. If sun bears live alone, why did they evolve (进化) to understand when their buddies want to 35 Scientists also wonder 36 other kinds of animals have the same abilities.
22．A．moon B．sun C．star D．water
23．A．length B．weight C．size D．strength
24．A．the ground B．the river C．trees D．darkness
25．A．oneself B．yourselves C．itself D．themselves
26．A．boring B．surprising C．gentle D．dangerous
27．A．communication B．information C．magic D．joke
28．A．doing B．making C．buying D．selling
29．A．hobby B．way C．type D．ability
30．A．directly B．exactly C．slowly D．loudly
31．A．friends B．neighbours C．relatives D．owners
32．A．world B．wild C．nature D．zoo
33．A．words B．letters C．languages D．actions
34．A．gifts B．messages C．news D．advice
35．A．play B．eat C．sleep D．walk
36．A．how far B．how soon C．how many D．how much
五、阅读理解
In many people’s eyes, plants are quiet. They can’t talk. They can’t walk. And they can’t think like us.
Or can they A new TV show gives us a new look at plants. Shown on Jan.10 on Bilibili, it tells the secret lives of plants, and the wonderful and unbelievable ways that plants work.
_________. In the rainforests, different kinds of plants race for sunlight. The forest floor is described as a “battlefield” (战场). Only two percent of the sunlight gets through it. Some plants spread (蔓延) their big leaves to reach light. But other plants may catch them up and get a lift. Finally, they are both overtaken (超过) by a fast-growing tree. In the same way, some trees may give out something to protect themselves.
Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, if a tree finds water, it will share it with others. Studies also show that plants use fungus (真菌) in the soil as a way to “talk” to each other. It’s kind of like how Wi-Fi works. If a tomato plant gets ill, it can tell closer plants about it.
The TV show not only makes us surprised at the plant world but also pushes us to understand that plants are important. “All life needs plants. We depend on them to eat and breathe (呼吸). It’s time to look after wild plants just as carefully as our houseplants.” said David, the director of the show.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
37．A new TV show tells us that _________.
A．plants are quiet and can’t talk
B．plants aren’t able to walk
C．plants work in unbelievable ways
38．Which of the following can be put in _________
A．Plants need water to live better.
B．Plants can get sunlight from other plants.
C．Plants fight against each other to live.
39．What does the underlined phrase “catch them up” in Paragraph 3 mean in Chinese
A．赶上它们 B．注意它们 C．消灭它们
40．From the passage, we know that _________.
A．about 2% of plants can live in rainforests
B．plants in deserts keep water all by themselves
C．plants will know about the closer plants’ illnesses
41．In the last paragraph, David probably agrees that _________.
A．plants are difficult to study
B．plants are important in our lives
C．houseplants also need our care
六、短文填空
Animals are very important in our lives. They are not just a part of nature, but also 42 (we) good friends. They help us in many ways and make our world more 43 (colour).
First, some animals work for us. For example, dogs can help the police find 44 (lose) people or catch bad people. They are very smart and loyal. 45 (cow) and sheep give us milk and wool, which we use to make food and clothes. Without them, life might be much 46 (hard) than before.
Second, animals bring us 47 (happy). Many people keep pets like cats, dogs or birds at home. These pets are like family members. They play with us and make us feel 48 (little) lonely than before. When we are sad, they can comfort us with their love.
Third, animals are important for 49 environment. Bees help flowers grow by 50 (carry) pollen (花粉). Birds eat insects and keep the balance of nature. 51 there were no animals, our world would not be so beautiful.
However, some animals are in danger because of human 52 (activity). We cut 53 forests, pollute rivers and hunt too much. These make it hard for animals 54 (live). We must protect them and their homes. We can do small things like not littering, planting trees and learning more about animals.
All in all, animals 55 (be) our good friends. They help us, make us happy and keep our world beautiful. Let’s treat them 56 love and care, so we can live together in a better world.
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试卷第1页，共3页
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参考答案
1．C
【详解】句意：长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
考查形容词最高级。long长的，原级；longer更长的，比较级；the longest最长的，最高级；the longer两者中较长的那个。根据“in the world”可知，句子使用“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，表示 “最……之一”。是在世界范围内进行比较，指的是世界上最长的河流之一。故选C。
2．A
【详解】句意：最后但并非最不重要的是享受学习的过程。
考查最高级。least最少，最高级；more更少，比较级；most最多，最高级；many许多，原级。根据短语“last but not least”可知，选项A符合题意。故选A。
3．A
【详解】句意：在我班的所有学生中，梅西写得最仔细。
考查副词的最高级。the most carefully最仔细地；more carefully更仔细地；more careful更仔细的；the most careful最仔细的。分析句子结构可知，这里应用副词，做状语，修饰动词writes；根据“Of all the students in my class”可知，是三者以上比较，用最高级。故选A。
4．A
【详解】句意：不仅是双胞胎，而且桑迪总是努力学习，他们是我们班最努力的学生。
考查短语辨析和形容词最高级。works hard努力工作，动词短语；hard work努力工作，名词短语；the most hard-working最努力的；the hardest最困难的。根据“Not only the twins but also Sandy always ...”可知，此句缺少谓语动词，不能用hard work，排除CD选项；再根据“Not only the twins but also Sandy always works hard”可知，第二空应用hard-working的最高级，表示“他们是班上最努力的学生”。故选A。
5．A
【详解】句意：——你知道上海是世界上最大的城市之一吗？——是的，它比中国的任何其他城市都大。
考查形容词最高级及比较级。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”，第一空填the biggest，排除C和D；第二空用“比较级+than any other+名词”结构，表示“比其余任何一个……都……”，排除B。故选A。
6．B
【详解】句意：星期一通常是我一周中最忙的一天。
考查形容词最高级。根据“Monday is usually...day of the week for me.”可知，此处指“一周中最忙的一天”，应用最高级，the busiest符合语境。故选B。
7．C
【详解】句意：你认为哪种味道尝起来最好，鸡肉、牛肉还是猪肉？
考查形容词最高级用法。good好的，为形容词原级；well好地，为副词原级；the best最好的；better更好的。根据“chicken, beef or pork”可知，空处是三者之间的比较，应用最高级。best是good的最高级，最高级前一般加the，故选C。
8．D
【详解】句意：——我们班谁的家离学校最远？——刘梅的（家）。
考查最高级。根据“in our class”可知，三者以上的比较要用最高级，far的最高级是farthest，形容词最高级前要加the，故选D。
9．bamboo
【详解】句意：这个大箱子是用竹子做的。bamboo“竹子”，此处指用竹子这种材料做成的，因此为不可数名词。故填bamboo。
10．popular
【详解】句意：王老师很受她学生的欢迎。popular“受欢迎的”，be popular with“受……的欢迎”。故填popular。
11．Most
【详解】句意：上周六我们班大多数学生都参加了上网课。根据汉语提示可知，most意为“大多数”，用于修饰后面的名词，若被修饰的名词前有限定词，则需要在most词尾加of。故填Most。
12．handsome
【详解】句意：他是我见过的最英俊的男人。handsome英俊的；形容词作定语，根据“the most”可知，此处是形容词最高级结构。故填handsome。
13．farthest
【详解】句意：在我们学校，南希住得离学校最远。根据“in our school”可知，这里应用“far”的最高级形式farthest“最远地”，强调距离上的最远距离。故填farthest。
14．appear
【详解】句意：我们期望他能来，但是最终他也没出现。appear“出现”，根据“he didn’t”可知后接动词原形。故填appear。
15．reporters
【详解】句意：她是我们镇上最受欢迎的记者之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词的复数形式”是固定搭配，意为 “最……的……之一”，reporter意为“记者”，因此空处填reporter的复数形式reporters。故填reporters。
16．most healthily/the most healthily
【详解】句意：在这三个工人中，威廉先生生活得最健康，所以他可以活得很长。根据“of all the three workers”可知此处是最高级，修饰动词live用副词，healthy的副词形式是healthily，最高级是most healthily，最高级前加the。故填(the) most healthily。
17．most famous
【详解】句意：在所有的山峰中，珠穆朗玛峰最高，最有名。根据“Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the…”可知，and为并列连词，且空前有定冠词the，因此空处的形容词应用最高级形式；famous“著名的”，最高级形式为the most famous。故填most famous。
18．most careful
【详解】句意：大卫是班上最细心的男孩，他从不丢东西。根据“in his class”可知，需要最高级，most careful符合句意，故填most careful。
19．farthest
【详解】句意：在我们班，丁丁住得离学校最远。根据“in our class”并结合语境可知，此处表示最高级的含义，用最高级形式。故填farthest。
20．to take
【详解】句意：医生建议他晚饭后去散步。advise“劝告，建议”，advise后面跟动词时，应使用不定式“to+动词原形”，即advise sb.to do sth.“建议某人做某事”。故填to take。
21．Taking
【详解】句意：晚饭后散步对你的健康有好处。分析句子可知，空格在句中作主语，而take是动词，所以这里应该用动名词形式，且位于句首首字母要大写，故填Taking。
22．B 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．B 33．D 34．B 35．A 36．C
【导语】本文主要围绕马来熊展开，介绍了马来熊的基本信息和独特行为。
22．句意：根据传说，它代表着初升的太阳。
moon月亮；sun太阳；star星星；water水。根据“The sun bear (马来熊) is the smallest member of the bear family.”以及“the rising”可知，马来熊名字中有“sun”，所以这里说它代表着初升的太阳，故选B。
23．句意：通常它们只能长到大约1.5米长，体重25到70公斤。
length长度；weight重量；size尺寸；strength力量。根据“1.5 metres”可知，这里说的是长度，故选A。
24．句意：那样的体型让它们能够轻松地在树间移动。
the ground地面；the river河流；trees树；darkness黑暗。根据“Sun bears live in the rainforest of South East Asia.”可知，马来熊生活在热带雨林，结合它们的体型可知，是在树间移动，故选C。
25．句意：它们通常独自生活，并且很乐意大部分时间都自己度过。
oneself某人自己；yourselves你们自己；itself它自己；themselves它们自己。根据“They usually live alone”可知，主语是“they”，所以用themselves，故选D。
26．句意：他们发现马来熊已经发展出了一种惊人的社交技能。
boring无聊的；surprising令人惊讶的；gentle温柔的；dangerous危险的。根据“They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情)”可知，马来熊能模仿其他马来熊的面部表情，这是很令人惊讶的，故选B。
27．句意：它们可以模仿其他马来熊的面部表情作为一种交流方式。
communication交流；information信息；magic魔法；joke玩笑。根据“They can copy (模仿) other sun bear’s facial expressions (面部表情)”可知，模仿面部表情是一种交流方式，故选A。
28．句意：它们甚至可以精确模仿其他马来熊做出的肌肉动作——比如做鬼脸。
doing做；making制作；buying买；selling卖。make a face是固定短语，意为“做鬼脸”，故选B。
29．句意：人类、猿类和其他一些动物比如狗有模仿面部表情的能力。
hobby爱好；way方式；type类型；ability能力。根据“but only humans and apes have the ability to”可知，这里说的是有模仿面部表情的能力，故选D。
30．句意：但是只有人类和猿类有精确模仿面部表情的能力。
directly直接地；exactly精确地；slowly缓慢地；loudly大声地。根据“They can even copy exact muscular (肌肉的) movements that other sun bears make”可知，这里强调精确模仿，故选B。
31．句意：不像猿类（我们的近亲）和狗（和我们生活在一起），马来熊和人类没有亲密的关系。
friends朋友；neighbours邻居；relatives亲戚；owners主人。根据常识可知，猿类和人类是近亲，故选C。
32．句意：马来熊在野外独自生活，但是研究中的马来熊经常温和地一起玩耍。
world世界；wild野外；nature自然；zoo动物园。根据“Sun bears live alone”以及常识可知，马来熊在野外独自生活，in the wild意为“在野外”，故选B。
33．句意：有时它们以更快的动作玩耍，比如撞击和撕咬。
words单词；letters字母；languages语言；actions动作。根据“as hitting and biting”可知，撞击和撕咬是动作，故选D。
34．句意：科学家不确定马来熊相互之间传递的是什么信息。
gifts礼物；messages信息；news新闻；advice建议。根据“the sun bears were sending to one another”可知，是传递信息，故选B。
35．句意：如果马来熊独自生活，那为什么它们进化到能够理解它们的伙伴什么时候想玩耍呢？
play玩耍；eat吃；sleep睡觉；walk散步。根据“but the bears in the study often played gently with each other.”可知，这里说的是理解伙伴什么时候想玩耍，故选A。
36．句意：科学家也想知道有多少其他种类的动物有相同的能力。
how far多远；how soon多久以后；how many多少（修饰可数名词复数）；how much多少（修饰不可数名词）。根据“other kinds of animals”可知，这里问的是数量，且“animals”是可数名词复数，所以用how many，故选C。
37．C 38．C 39．A 40．C 41．B
【导语】本文介绍了一档揭示植物奇妙生存方式和相互交流能力的新纪录片，颠覆了人们对植物“安静被动”的传统认知。
37．细节理解题。根据“A new TV show gives us a new look at plants… it tells the secret lives of plants, and the wonderful and unbelievable ways that plants work”可知该节目展示了植物令人难以置信的生存方式，故选C。
38．段落主旨题。根据后文描述的雨林植物争夺阳光的“战场”场景，以及“some trees may give out something to protect themselves”等细节，可知空白处应填入“植物会相互竞争以求生存”，故选C。
39．词义猜测题。根据“some plants spread their big leaves to reach light. But other plants may catch them up and get a lift”的竞争语境，以及后文“overtaken”的提示，可知此处指“赶上它们”，故选A。
40．细节判断题。根据“If a tomato plant gets ill, it can tell closer plants about it”可知植物能感知邻近植株的病害，故选C。
41．推理判断题。根据导演David所说“All life needs plants… It’s time to look after wild plants”可知他强调植物对人类生存的重要性，故选B。
42．our 43．colourful 44．lost 45．Cows 46．harder 47．happiness 48．less 49．the 50．carrying 51．If 52．activities 53．down 54．to live 55．are 56．with
【导语】本文主要讲述了动物对人类和地球的重要性，以及人类应该如何保护动物。
42．句意：它们不仅仅是大自然的一部分，也是我们的好朋友。根据“good friends”可知，此处使用形容词性物主代词our，表示“我们的好朋友”。故填our。
43．句意：它们在很多方面帮助我们，让我们的世界更加丰富多彩。根据“more”可知，此处使用形容词colourful的比较级more colourful，表示“更加丰富多彩的”。故填colourful。
44．句意：例如，狗可以帮助警察找到失踪的人或抓住坏人。根据“people”可知，此处使用形容词lost作定语修饰名词people，表示“失踪的人”。故填lost。
45．句意：奶牛和羊给我们提供牛奶和羊毛，我们用它们来制作食物和衣服。此处使用名词复数cows，表示“奶牛”，表泛指。故填Cows。
46．句意：没有它们，生活可能比以前艰难得多。根据“than”可知，此处使用形容词hard的比较级harder，表示“更艰难的”。故填harder。
47．句意：其次，动物给我们带来快乐。根据“bring us”可知，此处使用名词happiness，表示“快乐”，作宾语。故填happiness。
48．句意：它们和我们一起玩耍，让我们感觉比以前不那么孤独。根据“than”可知，此处使用形容词little的比较级less，表示“不那么……”，less lonely“不那么孤独”。故填less。
49．句意：第三，动物对环境很重要。根据“environment”可知，此处使用定冠词the，表示特指“环境”。故填the。
50．句意：蜜蜂通过携带花粉帮助花朵生长。根据“by”可知，此处使用动名词carrying，表示“携带”，作介词by的宾语。故填carrying。
51．句意：如果没有动物，我们的世界就不会如此美丽。根据“there were no animals, our world would not be so beautiful”可知，此处表示假设，使用if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果没有动物”。故填If。
52．句意：然而，由于人类活动，一些动物处于危险之中。根据“human”可知，此处使用名词复数activities，表示“人类活动”，activity是可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指。故填activities。
53．句意：我们砍伐森林，污染河流，过度捕猎。根据“forests”可知，此处使用动词短语cut down，表示“砍伐”，cut down forests“砍伐森林”。故填down。
54．句意：这些让动物难以生存。根据“make it hard for animals”可知，此处使用动词不定式to live，表示“生存”，make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事……”。故填to live。
55．句意：总之，动物是我们的好朋友。本句时态为一般现在时，主语是animals，be动词are。故填are。
56．句意：让我们用爱和关怀对待它们，这样我们就能生活在一个更美好的世界里。根据“treat them”可知，此处使用介词with，表示“用”，treat sb. with love and care“用爱和关怀对待某人”。故填with。
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