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答案及解析
一、单项选择题
1. B 解析：“By the time I got to the cinema”表示“过去的过去”，电影开始在“我到达”之前，故用过去完成时“had started”。
2. C 解析：宾语从句中，“said”是过去式，“读书”发生在“说”之前，用过去完成时“had read”。
3. A 解析：“before last month”是过去完成时的标志词，结构为“had + 过去分词”。
4. A 解析：过去完成时一般疑问句的肯定回答用“Yes, 主语 + had”。
5. B 解析：“By the end of last year”表示到过去某一时间为止，动作延续用过去完成时“had worked”。
6. A 解析：“在去上海之前在北京住了五年”，“居住”发生在“去上海”之前，用过去完成时“had lived”。
7. C 解析：宾语从句中，“told”是过去式，“读小说”发生在“告诉”之前，用过去完成时。
8. B 解析：特殊疑问句结构为“特殊疑问词 + had + 主语 + 过去分词”，“before last month”为过去完成时标志。
9. B 解析：“醒来时雨已停”，“停雨”在“醒来”之前，用过去完成时“had stopped”。
10. B 解析：“到达车站”在“火车离开”之前，用过去完成时“had arrived”，体现“过去的过去”。
二、句型转换
1. He hadn’t read ten books before last month. 解析：过去完成时否定句在had后加not，缩写为hadn’t。
2. Had she worked in the factory for 20 years by the end of last year
解析：过去完成时一般疑问句将had提前至句首。
3. When had they arrived at the station 解析：对时间提问用when，后接“had + 主语 + 过去分词”。
4. He said that he had never been to Paris. 解析：宾语从句中，主句为过去式，从句用过去完成时（原句“have been”变为“had been”）。
5. No, she hadn’t. 解析：过去完成时一般疑问句的否定回答用“No, 主语 + hadn’t”。
三、动词填空
1. had cooked 解析：“到家时妈妈已做完饭”，“做饭”在“到家”之前，用过去完成时。
2. hadn’t seen 解析：“直到昨天才看过电影”，“看电影”在“昨天”之前未发生，用过去完成时否定式。
3. had been 解析：宾语从句中，“告诉”是过去式，“去过北京”在之前，用过去完成时。
4. had; learned/learnt 解析：“到上学期末学了多少单词”，“学习”在“上学期末”之前，用过去完成时。
5. had left 解析：“到车站时火车已离开”，“离开”在“到达”之前，用过去完成时。
四、汉译英
1. By the time I woke up, it had stopped raining. 解析：“By the time + 过去式”搭配过去完成时，“stop raining”表示“停雨”。
2. By the end of last year, she had worked in the factory for 20 years.
解析：“By the end of last year”为过去完成时标志，“work in the factory”表示“在工厂工作”。
3. He said that he had never read the book. 解析：宾语从句中主句为过去式，从句用过去完成时，“read the book”表示“读书”。Unit12 Life is full of unexpected知识清单
过去完成时
过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态，即表示动
概念 作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。
主语+had+动词的过去分词形式+其它 .
肯定句
He had read ten books before last month.
主语+hadn't+动词的过去分词形式+其它.
否定句
He hadn’t read ten books before last month.
句型 Had+主语+动词的过去分词形式+其它
肯定回答：Yes,主语+had.否定回答：No,主语+hadn't.
一般疑问句
Had he read ten books before last month
Yes,he had./No,he hadn't.
特殊疑问词+had+主语+动词的过去分词形式+其它
特殊疑问句
How many books had he read before last month
1.表示过去某一时间之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即发生在“过去的过去”
By the time I woke up,it had stop raining.
2.表示某一动作或状态在过去某个时间之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，且有
用法 继续下去的可能
By the end of last year,she had worked in the factory for twenty years.
3.用在said、told、knew、heard、realized等过去式动词后的宾语从句中
He said that he had never been to Paris.
过去完成时与其它时态的区别
★过去完成时强调在过去某个时间或某个动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态，即表示动
作发生的时间是“过去的过去”
过去完成时
与 ★一般现在时只强调过去的某一个时间点
一般过去时
They had arrived at the station before the train left.
They arrived at the station at ten yesterday.
★过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前已经完成或一直延续到过去某一时间的动作
过去完成时
★现在完成时表示从过去某一时间开始延续到现在或对现在造成某种影响的动作
与
现在完成时 I had lived in Beijing for five years before I went to Shanghai.
I have lived in Beijing for five years.U12知识清单练习题
单项选择题
By the time I got to the cinema, the movie _______.
A.started B. had started C. has started D. starts
She said she _______ the book before.
A.reads B. read C. had read D. has read
They _______ ten books before last month.
A. had read B. read C. have read D. will read
4. Had he finished his homework before dinner —Yes, he _______.
A. had B. did C. has D. does
5. By the end of last year, she _______ in the factory for 20 years.
A. worked B. had worked C. has worked D. works
6. I _______ in Beijing for five years before I went to Shanghai.
A. had lived B. lived C. have lived D. live
7. The teacher told us that she _______ the novel twice.
A. reads B. read C. had read D. has read
8. How many books _______ he _______ before last month
A. did; read B. had; read C. has; read D. does; read
9. When I woke up, it _______ raining.
A. stopped B. had stopped C. has stopped D. stops
10. They _______ at the station before the train left.
A. arrived B. had arrived C. have arrived D. arrive
二、句型转换
1. He had read ten books before last month.（改为否定句） ________________________________________________
2. She had worked in the factory for 20 years by the end of last year.（改为一般疑问句）
________________________________________________
They had arrived at the station before the train left.（对划线部分提问） When _______ they _______ at the station
4. He said, "I have never been to Paris."（改为宾语从句）
He said that he _______ never _______ to Paris.
5. Had she finished her project by yesterday （作否定回答） ________________________________________________
用所给动词的适当形式填空
By the time I got home, my mother _______ (cook) dinner.
They _______ (not see) the film before yesterday.
She told me she _______ (be) to Beijing twice.
How many words _______ you _______ (learn) by the end of last term 5. The train _______ (leave) when I got to the station.
四、汉译英
1. 当我醒来时，雨已经停了。 ________________________________________________
2. 到去年年底，她已经在这家工厂工作20年了。 ________________________________________________
3. 他说他从未读过这本书。 ________________________________________________

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