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核心词汇 1．barely adv．刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 2．worthwhile adj．值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 3．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，觉得n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 4．principle n．道德原则；法则；信条　　　　 5．resign vt．& vi．辞职，辞去 6．superb adj．极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 7．wrinkle n．皱纹；褶皱，皱痕vt．& vi．(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起 8．pause vi．停顿，暂停n．停顿，停顿的时间 9．pretend vi．& vt．假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 10．likewise adv．同样地；也，而且 11．deadline n．最后期限，截止日期 12．virtue n．美德；正直的品性；优点 13．organic adj．有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 14．bonus n．意外收获；奖金，红利 15．harvest n．收成，收获量；收获季节，收割vt．& vi．收割，捕猎
阅读词汇 1．jaw n．下巴；颌 2．core adj．核心的；最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分 3．substantial adj．大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 4．integrity n．诚实正直；完整，完好 5．starfish n．海星，星鱼 6．quote n．引语vt．& vi．引用，引述；举例说明 7．arrest n．& vt．逮捕，拘捕 8．mineral n．矿物，矿物质 9．phase n．阶段，时期 10．garbage n．垃圾；废话
拓展词汇 1．innocent adj．无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n．无辜者，单纯的人→innocence n．天真；清白 2．forgive vt．& vi．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)→forgiveness n．宽恕 3．appoint vt．约定，指定，确定→appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 4．rely vi．依靠，依赖→reliable adj．可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 5．crime n．罪行，犯罪行为→criminal n．罪犯 adj．犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 6．legal adj．合法的；法律的→illegal adj．非法的；违法的→illegally adv．违法地 7．social adj．社会的→socialist adj．社会主义的 n．社会主义者→socialism n．社会主义 8．photograph n．照片 vt．拍照 →photographer n．摄影师，拍照者 9．guilt n．内疚；犯罪；有罪→guilty adj．感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的 10．shame n．羞耻，惭愧；让人遗憾的事→ashamed adj．惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→shameful adj．可耻的 11．disappoint vt．使失望→disappointed adj．失望的，沮丧的→disappointing adj．令人失望的→disappointment n．失望 12．guide vt．指导；导航 n．向导→guidance n．指导；导航 13．discourage vt．使灰心；劝阻→discouraged adj．灰心的→courage n．勇气→encourage vt．鼓励→encouragement n．鼓励 14．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕→ merciless adj．残忍的；无情的→merciful adj．宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的
高频短语 1．tear down 拆毁，拆除　　　　　　 2．make one's fortune 发财 3．lose contact 失去联系 4．arm in arm 臂挽着臂 5．under arrest 被逮捕 6．at the mercy of sb．/sth．任……处置，对……无能为力 7．weigh on sb．/sth．使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 8．two decades ago 二十年前 9．turn up 露面 10．pull out 掏出，拽出 11．take charge of负责；控制，掌管 12．have a chat with sb．和某人聊天 13．make contributions to 对……做出贡献 14．set aside 搁置；留出
句型公式 1．There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe”Brady's restaurant．(where引导地点状语从句) 这家商店所在的位置曾经是一家餐馆——“大乔”布雷迪餐馆。 2．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be．(however引导让步状语从句) 无论你开始做什么，无论多么困难，都要全力以赴。 3．Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．[祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋简单句] 今天播下成功的种子，明天就会收获丰硕的成果。
I'm a policeman on the beat．One cold night，I arrived at a darkened store，1．where“Big Joe”Brady's restaurant used to be．In the doorway leant a man 2．looking (look) about 40 years old．I went over to him．He responded 3．quickly (quick)，saying that he was waiting for a friend to come for an appointment made twenty years ago．While we were talking，he struck a match and 4．lit (light) his cigar．Then I was able to see a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a small scar near his right eyebrow．Instantly I recognized him：my best friend Bob，a 5．wanted (want) criminal as well!
I stared at his smiling face and 6．memories (memory) came flooding back．Bob used to be a decent and reliable young man．Two decades ago he decided 7．to shoulder (shoulder) the burden of caring for his family．So he left for the West，hoping to make his fortune there．Gradually we lost contact，but I could barely allow myself to imagine he was earning money 8．in ways that were not legal!
I walked away without revealing 9．who I was，and then I asked a plain-clothes policeman to arrest Bob．It was a difficult 10．decision (decide)，but I stuck to my principles anyhow．
1．worthwhile adj．值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
①I think that it is worthwhile to be/being (be) a volunteer and I'm writing to give you my warm welcome．
②I think it is worth your (you) while taking the trouble to explain the job fully to the new employees．
　读后续写之感悟升华
我们一致认为，向穷人传递善意和温暖是值得的，尤其是在这个令人害怕的日子里。
We all agreed that it was worthwhile to spread/spreading kindness and warmth to the poor，especially at this chilling day．
◎It is worthwhile doing/to do sth．做某事是值得的。
◎It is worth one's while doing/to do sth．值得某人做某事。
◎I highly recommend visiting this exhibition．Come on！It is worth your while to see the exhibition．
我强烈推荐参观这个展览。来吧！这个展览值得你看一看。
2．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame．
②Police have asked residents to keep an eye out for anything suspicious (suspect)．
③These seven villagers were suspected of having (have) links with several extremist groups．
　读后续写之神态描写
当我们开始窃窃私语时，她皱起了眉头，向我们投来怀疑的目光。
When we started whispering together，she frowned and cast a suspicious look at us/looked at us suspiciously．
◎suspect sb．of (doing) sth．怀疑某人有……罪/做了某事
◎suspect that...怀疑……
◎be suspicious of/about 怀疑……；对……起疑心
◎Hearing my words，David said，“I suspect that kids from other schools would laugh at me，because I am an exception．”
听到我的话，大卫说：“我觉得其他学校的孩子会嘲笑我，因为我是个例外。”
3．forgive vt．& vi．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
①If we develop a forgiving nature，we'll also receive forgiveness from others．(forgive)
②Considering he is a green hand，we should forgive him for making such mistakes．
　读后续写之动作描写
我妹妹弄坏了我的电脑，好几天我都对她有点儿生气，但最终妈妈说服我不计前嫌。
When my sister broke my computer，I was kind of angry at her for days，but my mother finally convinced me to forgive and forget．
◎forgive sb．for (doing) sth．原谅某人做了某事
◎forgive one's doing sth．原谅某人做了某事
◎forgive and forget 不计前嫌；既往不咎
◎(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
同样重要的是给予你自己一些原谅。
4．pretend vi．& vt．假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)People who pretend to be (be) someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves．
②Kate pretended to be smiling (smile) all the time，but she was afraid to look at him in the eye．
③Jacy pretended to have learned (learn) about the whole thing，expecting us to tell the truth．
　应用文写作之建议信
我真的希望你能调整你的情绪，不要每天都假装很开心。
I really hope you can adjust your emotions and don't pretend to be happy every day．
◎pretend to do/to be doing/to have done sth．假装做/正在做/做过某事
◎pretend to be...假装是……；装扮成……
◎pretend that...假装……
◎She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist．
她决定记住她的班级在哪里，然后假装其他地方不存在。
5．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Esmeralda hears his call for water，and steps forwards out of mercy．
②The past decade has witnessed that animals are being killed and become extinct due to merciless (mercy) human activities．
③When he was taken to hospital，his injuries were so severe that death would be a merciful (mercy) release．
　读后续写之场景描写
那女人冻得发抖，在孤寂泥泞的道路上艰难前行，无情的雨水狠狠地击打着她的身躯。
The woman，trembling with cold，was struggling on the lonely，muddy road while the merciless rain kept beating her hard．
◎show mercy to sb．(＝show sb．mercy) 同情或怜悯某人
◎out of mercy出于同情
◎without mercy毫不留情地；残忍地
◎at the mercy of sb．/sth．任……处置，对……无能为力；任由……摆布
◎After some thinking，my mother said in a soft voice that we should protect his self-esteem rather than punish him without mercy．
妈妈想了想，轻声说，我们应该保护他的自尊，而不是毫不留情地惩罚他。
6．[教材原句]There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe”Brady's restaurant．这家商店所在的位置曾经是一家餐馆——“大乔”布雷迪餐馆。
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)He found inspiration where others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store...
②Where there are Chinese people，there is mobile payment．
③There used to be a small village where the two rivers join，which was completely destroyed by an earthquake years ago．
　应用文写作之介绍信
在我看来，这有点类似于“有志者事竟成”的说法。
In my view，it is sort of similar to the saying—where there is a will，there is a way．
◎where可以引导地点状语从句，此时的where大体相当于in/at the place where，所以不可像引导定语从句的where那样换成in/at which等。where引导的地点状语从句一般放在主句之后，但在一些谚语中或表示抽象意义的句子中，常把地点状语从句放在主句之前。
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use．
护理院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。
7．[教材原句]Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．今天播下成功的种子，明天就会收获丰硕的成果。
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 7)Keep doing this，and you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day．
②Know more words and expressions and you will find (find) it easier to read and communicate．
　读后续写之主旨升华
早上浪费一小时，你将花费余下的一整天来补偿。(一日之计在于晨。)
Lose one hour in the morning，and you will be looking for it the rest of the day．
◎“祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋简单句”结构中祈使句表示条件，可转换为if条件状语从句，译为“如果……，就会/否则就会……”。有时候，祈使句也可用一个名词短语替代。
◎“Just give a try，and we all will be proud of you no matter what the result is．”I tried to convince him．
“试一试吧，不管结果如何，我们都会为你感到骄傲。”我试图说服他。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I always feel ashamed (shame) to see some improper behaviors，such as littering and scribbling．
2．The child looks very simple，with a childlike innocence shining out of her beautiful and innocent eyes．(innocent)
3．Cheating destroys self-respect，leaving the cheater guilty (guilt) and afraid of getting caught．
4．The disappointing result of the exam disappointed him greatly，and he couldn't hide his disappointment．(disappoint)
5．It was the teacher's detailed guidance and excellent teaching that guided us in the right direction toward final success．(guide)
6．Whenever you make appointments with others，make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the appointed time．(appoint)
7．I think your friend Li Ming is reliable，and you may rely on it that he can offer you a hand whenever you're in trouble．(rely)
8．At first，I always felt discouraged for my failure to adapt to the new environment，but my head teacher encouraged me and gave me much courage．(courage)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．arrest
A．吸引　B．逮捕　C．阻止
(1)It was a policeman who came to arrest him and put him into prison for destroying the shop window． 　B　
(2)It enjoys wide popularity，so there's no doubt it will arrest the audiences'attention once you start to sing． 　A　
(3)The sufferer may have to make major changes in his or her life to arrest the disease． 　C　
2．cheat
A．欺骗　B．消磨　C．作弊
(1)From the first time students take an examination，they are told not to cheat． 　C　
(2)Because of their lack of social experience，they are more easily cheated by others． 　A　
(3)He regretted that he cheated those precious time in university． 　B　
3．(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive． 　A　
A．vi．谨慎移动　　　　　　　B．n．英寸
C．n．短距离
4．(2022·浙江1月卷) The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list． 　A　
A．好处，优点　　　　　　　　B．奖金，红利　　　　C．意外收获
5．My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree． 　A　
A．使固定　　　　　　　　　　B．抛锚　　　　　　　C．主持
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．我很荣幸能站在这里发表关于成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。(it作形式主语，privilege)
It is a privilege for me to stand here to deliver a speech on being smart online learners．
2．这本参考书值得你购买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。(worthwhile)
It is worthwhile buying/to buy the reference book，because it is helpful for your study．
3．我们大多数人最终会发现自己处于一个我们或其他人需要帮助的情况下。(where引导定语从句)
Most of us will eventually find ourselves in a situation where we or someone else needs help．
假如你是新华中学高三年级的学生李华，本月你校校报的英语专栏正在举办以“Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．你的理想；2．发出倡议。
　写作微练
①随着中国的快速发展，我们年轻人应该坚持我们的梦想，肩负起我们的责任。(stick to；shoulder)
With the rapid development of China，we，youngsters，should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities．
②至于我，我一直梦想着让这个世界变得更好。(as for)
As for me，I always dream to better this world．
③我努力精通西方和东方文化。它让我传播中国文化。(be good at)
I try to be good at Western and Eastern cultures．It allows me to spread Chinese culture．
④我将尽我的一份力量，使我们的国家更加强大、美丽。(do one's part)
I will do my part to make our country more powerful and beautiful．
⑤我真诚地呼吁每一个学生不遗余力地去实现中国梦。(appeal to)
I sincerely appeal to every student to spare no effort to realize the Chinese Dream．
⑥只有我们年轻一代努力奋斗，我们的国家才能兴旺发达。(thrive)
Our nation will thrive only when we young generations strive．
　句式升级
⑦用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句③
I try to be good at Western and Eastern cultures，which allows me to spread Chinese culture．
⑧用倒装句升级句⑥
Only when we young generations strive will our nation thrive．
　妙笔成篇
Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities
With the rapid development of China，we，youngsters，should stick to our dreams and shoulder our responsibilities．
As for me，I always dream to better this world．I try to be good at Western and Eastern cultures，which allows me to spread Chinese culture．Additionally，I will do my part to make our country more powerful and beautiful．
I sincerely appeal to every student to spare no effort to realize the Chinese Dream．Only when we young generations strive will our nation thrive．
　语料积累
教材语料 亮词 rejoice；embrace
美句 1．“Thanks，Granny！”I said，smiling． 2．Grandma smiled back happily at me，with deep wrinkles around her eyes．
拓展语料 单词 laugh v．笑；laughter n．笑，笑声；roar v．放声大笑；beam v．笑容满面；sneer at 嘲笑；讥笑；mock v．嘲笑；(模仿)嘲弄
语块 burst out laughing 突然大笑；burst into laughter 突然大笑起来；laugh out loud 大声笑；crack up 哈哈大笑；choke with laughter 笑得喘不过气；can't help laughing 禁不住笑；laugh uncontrollably 无法自控地笑；laugh at 嘲笑；laugh one's head off 大笑不止；laugh up one's sleeve 窃笑；laugh in one's face 当面嘲笑；have a good laugh 开怀大笑
句型 1．A good laugh can brighten even the darkest day． 开怀大笑甚至可以照亮最黑暗的日子。 2．Laughter is the universal language that brings people together． 笑声是一种通用的语言，能把人们团结在一起。 3．Laughter is the best therapy for a weary soul． 对于疲惫的灵魂来说，笑声是最好的治疗。 4．Laughter that lingers is a memory that lasts． 挥之不去的笑声是持久的记忆。 5．A heart filled with laughter is a heart filled with love． 充满笑声的心是充满爱的心。 6．Laughter is the passport to a good time． 笑声是享受美好时光的通行证。
　语料运用
①当我说妈妈不让我带手表时，他们突然大笑起来。
When I said my mother couldn't let me bring the watch，they burst into laughter．
②“真会编故事！”克劳利冷笑着说。
“What a story！”Crawley said with a sneer．
③其他人甚至笑得喘不过气来。
The others even choked with laughter．
④我差点儿哭了出来，但我别无选择，只能用笑来消除这种尴尬，因为这是我年轻生命中最悲伤的时刻。
I nearly wept，but I had no choice but to laugh away the awkwardness，for it was the saddest moment of my young life．
⑤当我静静地坐在书桌前时，一种奇怪的感觉悄悄袭来。
As I sat quietly at my desk，a strange feeling stole over me．
⑥我所能想到的就是祖父的话：“耐心和努力。”
All I could think of was my grandfather's words，“Patience and hard work．”
课时数智作业(四十一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥三模)
China has constructed more than 20 new museums since 2012．Here are some of the best．
Shanghai Astronomy Museum
Launched in 2021，Shanghai Astronomy Museum is reportedly the world's largest astronomy museum，covering more than 630，000 square feet．
In its three main sections—Home，Universe，and Journey—visitors can see 150 interactive exhibits．They can also watch videos of the vast universe in a huge dome theater with an 8K screen，which helps visitors to have a multi-sensory journey for space exploration．
Chengdu Science Fiction Museum
Located on a lake and opened to the public on October 13，2023，the roughly 635，000-square-foot museum explains Chengdu's status as the national center of science fiction writing．It was in this mountain-surrounded city that China's most popular science fiction magazine，Science Fiction World，was first published in 1979．
Beijing Sound Art Museum
For a decade，local artist Colin Chinnery regularly walked the streets of China's capital，recording traditional sounds that are gradually disappearing from this modernizing city．Now，the museum has cataloged hundreds of his audio recordings of Beijing's evolving soundscape—from the calls of street hawkers (商贩) to pigeon whistles blown in parks．Opened on May 20，2023，it's located in Songzhuang Art District of Tongzhou，in Beijing's eastern suburbs．
Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum
Opened to the public on May 18，2016，it is China's first museum to display bricks for the royal families during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368－1911)．The museum was built close to the brick kiln (窑) to show the complex brick-making process．
The kiln is still in use today．Bricks produced with traditional technologies have been used in restoration projects of heritage buildings，such as the Summer Palace in Beijing and the Puji Temple in Zhejiang Province．
In the exhibition hall，visitors can explore the brick-making process through various cultural relics and interactive games．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国近十年来新建的四个博物馆。
1．What can visitors do in the huge theater of Shanghai Astronomy Museum？(　　)
A．Play interactive video games．
B．Watch high-definition videos．
C．Attend multi-sensory exhibits．
D．Scan the universe with telescopes．
B　[细节理解题。根据Shanghai Astronomy Museum部分中的“They can also watch videos of the vast universe in a huge dome theater with an 8K screen”可知，参观者可以在该剧院观看高清视频。故选B。]
2．When was Science Fiction World first published？(　　)
A．In 2021．　　　　　　　 B．In 2016．
C．In 2012． D．In 1979．
D　[细节理解题。根据Chengdu Science Fiction Museum部分中的“It was in this mountain-surrounded city that China's most popular science fiction magazine，Science Fiction World，was first published in 1979．”可知，《科幻世界》于1979年首次发行。故选D。]
3．What do the last two museums have in common？(　　)
A．They preserve the past．
B．They show high technologies．
C．They explain the royal lives．
D．They present personal artworks．
A　[细节理解题。根据Beijing Sound Art Museum部分中的“Now，the museum has cataloged hundreds of his audio recordings of Beijing's evolving soundscape—from the calls of street hawkers to pigeon whistles blown in parks．”及Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum部分中的“Opened to the public on May 18，2016，it is China's first museum to display bricks for the royal families during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368－1911)．”可知，这两个博物馆都保存着过去的事情。故选A。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖南长沙模拟)
There are a lot of good and logical reasons not to say what you think，especially when others disagree．Offending people isn't nice，and it can lead to social consequences．Nodding along might seem practical or charitable，despite the fact that you are screaming disagreement on the inside．However，the true act of charity is to say what you really think．Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love．
One of my friends takes honesty to the extreme．He calls talks with others that get to the complete truth of things，even difficult admissions in views，“love conversations”．Once two people have such a conversation，his theory goes，they can understand each other and act accordingly．As a philosophical matter，my friend's belief of“love conversations”is Kantian．The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth，which is contradictory with friendship and love．
In the 1990s，Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept，telling it can have costs，including social disapproval and broken relationships．But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress，deepen connections with others，and reduce emotional reactivity．
Both sides can't be right here．Either Kant，Blanton，and my friend are embracing a faulty theory，or our society is missing a big opportunity for moral growth．You might say that little white lies are a social lubricant (润滑剂)．They can even seem virtuous．After telling a white lie，I sometimes pat myself on the back，turning my evil into a virtue inside my own head．Some lies might make life easier，but they don't necessarily make life happier．I wouldn't want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear，as if we were strangers avoiding conflict，and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship．I don't want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn't，because unreal compliments make me suspicious．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了在生活中说真话的重要性。作者认为，哪怕和别人观点不同，哪怕惹怒他人，我们都应该坚持说真话，以免误导他人，做出错误判断。
4．What can we learn from“my friend”in paragraph 2？(　　)
A．He admits other's views with great honesty．
B．He practices Kant's philosophical theories．
C．He loves to discuss philosophy with others．
D．He prevents himself from difficult choices．
B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As a philosophical matter，my friend's belief of‘love conversations'is Kantian．”可知，“我的朋友”实践康德的哲学理论。故选B。]
5．Brad Blanton found telling the truth ．(　　)
A．stressful and emotional
B．unacceptable and harmful
C．thoughtless but courageous
D．challenging but deserving
D　[细节理解题。根据第三段“In the 1990s，Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept，telling it can have costs，...But it is worth the consequences...”可知，布拉德·布兰顿发现说真话具有挑战性，但是值得。故选D。]
6．Why is the author's wife mentioned in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．To distinguish his wife from a stranger．
B．To show his wife's honesty and virtue．
C．To argue for the importance of frankness．
D．To stress avoiding suspicion in marriage．
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some lies might make life easier，but they don't necessarily make life happier．”以及“I don't want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn't，because unreal compliments make me suspicious．”可推知，最后一段提到他的妻子是为了论证坦率的重要性。故选C。]
7．Which statement does the author probably agree with？(　　)
A．Telling the truth can be an act of love．
B．The route to happier life lies in lies．
C．Little white lies are actually virtuous．
D．Our society is being corrupted by lies．
A　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love．(你对完全诚实的承诺是一种爱的行为)”并结合全文内容可知，作者认为说实话是一种爱的行为。故选A。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·浙江宁波二模)
The day I met Hani Irmawati，she stood alone in the parking lot of the International school，a shy seventeen-year-old in worn clothing．Despite some difficulties，she approached me，begging to improve her English．When I inquired about her motivation，expecting a local job search，she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university．
Moved by her determination，I volunteered to help her after school．Each day，Hani woke at dawn，studying on the bus to her public high school，then joining me in the afternoon，exhausted but eager to learn．Despite her struggles with college-level English，her perseverance amazed me．
Hani's family lived modestly，her parents working as a custodian and a maid．Their income couldn't support her American university aspirations，dampening my initial optimism．
In December 1998，a scholarship opportunity arose，but upon reviewing the requirements，I despaired．Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants．Despite my discouragement，she remained resolute，asking me to submit her application．Unable to refuse，I completed the application，highlighting her courage and perseverance．I warned her of slim acceptance odds，but she remained steadfast．
In the following weeks，Hani intensified her English studies，and I arranged for her to take the Test of English Fluency．The computerized test posed a significant challenge for her．Just before departing for the test，she received a letter from the scholarship association．I began reading the letter with her，only to discover she'd been accepted．
Overjoyed，I celebrated while Hani stood quietly，perhaps bewildered by my shock．In that moment，I realized what Hani had known all along：success requires not just intelligence，but also the drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁女孩Hani Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得了奖学金，被大学录取的故事。
8．What motivated Hani to improve her English？(　　)
A．Pressure from family members．
B．Curiosity about foreign languages．
C．Job prospects in the local community．
D．Ambition of entering an American university．
D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When I inquired about her motivation，expecting a local job search，she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university．”可知，进入美国大学这一抱负促使Hani想要提高她的英语水平。故选D。]
9．What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had？(　　)
A．Hani's parents were unsupportive of her dream．
B．Hani was uninterested in extracurricular activities．
C．Hani's application form was not submitted on time．
D．Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship．
D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants．”可知，Hani在学术上不符合获得奖学金的条件。故选D。]
10．How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hani's acceptance to the scholarship？(　　)
A．Surprised and proud．
B．Relieved but envious．
C．Touched and honored．
D．Shocked but concerned．
A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Overjoyed，I celebrated while Hani stood quietly，perhaps bewildered by my shock．”可知，当作者得知Hani获得奖学金时，他感到惊讶和自豪。故选A。]
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．From Shyness to Success
B．A Scholar's Journey
C．The Power of Perseverance
D．Hani's Unrealistic Dream
C　[标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了17岁女孩Hani Irmawati为了自己上大学的梦想，努力学习英语，最终获得了奖学金，被大学录取的故事。由此可知，C选项“毅力的力量”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·湖南衡阳模拟)
If doctors lie，it is surely inexcusable．One of the basic 　1　 the public have of doctors is honesty．But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors 　2　 to lying to their patients？
Mrs．Walton was in her eighties and 　3　 to see her husband．“He's on his way．Don't worry．”I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．The truth is that it is a 　4　 to lie sometimes．
Mrs．Walton is one of the dementia (痴呆) sufferers，who lose their memory of 　5　 events，but hold memories from the distant past．Many of them realize that the past bears little 　6　 to the present，but are at a loss to explain．They often feel scared that they are 　7　 by strange people，even when they are with their family．They look at their adult children 　8　 and wonder who they could be．
I have countless families not knowing how to react as their loved one moves back into distant past and they are 　9　 in the present．And how，as a doctor，does one manage sufferings that come with having no 　10　 of these patients'life for the past 10 or 20 years？Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate—they are 　11　 comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed．
　12　 with them about this false reality is not unprofessional—it is actually kind．That's not to say that lying to patients with dementia 　13　 is right．But what kind-hearted person would put another human being through the unimaginable pain of learning，　14　 again and again，that they have lost their beloved ones．It would be an unthinkable cruelness．
Sometimes honesty is 　15　 not the best policy．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了医生在面对痴呆症患者时是否应该说谎的问题。作者指出，尽管医生对患者撒谎可能违背诚实原则，但在某些情况下，为了减轻病人的痛苦，适当的谎言是必要的。
(　　)1．A．expressions　　　　 B．expectations
　　　　C．reputations D．regulations
B　[根据上文“If doctors lie，it is surely inexcusable．”和下文“the public have of doctors is honesty”可知，医生撒谎是不可原谅的，所以公众对医生的基本期望之一是诚实。故选B。]
(　　)2．A．objected B．contributed
　　　　C．admitted D．appealed
C　[根据上文转折连词“But”和下文“Mrs．Walton was in her eighties and to see her husband．‘He's on his way．Don't worry．'I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．The truth is that it is a to lie sometimes．”可推知，公众的期望与现实并不一致，很多医生都承认对病人撒过谎，作者在后文也承认自己对病人说谎。故选C。]
(　　)3．A．ashamed B．delighted
　　　　C．nervous D．desperate
D　[根据下文“He's on his way．Don't worry．”可知，作者不得不对沃尔顿夫人说谎，由此可推测出，说谎的原因是她非常想见她的丈夫。故选D。]
(　　)4．A．cruelty B．kindness
　　　　C．pain D．pleasure
B　[根据上文“‘He's on his way．Don't worry．'I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．”可知，沃尔顿夫人的丈夫已经去世两年了，所以作者说她丈夫正在来的路上是一种善意的谎言，是一种善行。故选B。]
(　　)5．A．recent B．popular
　　　　C．distant D．major
A　[根据下文转折连词“but”可知，上下文之间是转折关系。下文“but hold memories from the distant past”说痴呆症患者保留了对遥远过去的记忆，上文应说他们失去了对近期事件的记忆，构成转折关系。故选A。]
(　　)6．A．opposition B．connection
　　　　C．attention D．similarity
B　[根据下文“They often feel scared that they are by strange people，even when they are with their family．They look at their adult children and wonder who they could be．”可知，痴呆症患者即使和家人在一起，也不知道这些人是谁。他们无法把过去和现在联系起来。故选B。]
(　　)7．A．attacked B．isolated
　　　　C．surrounded D．attracted
C　[根据下文“by strange people，even when they are with their family”可推知，痴呆症患者害怕被陌生人包围，即使他们和家人在一起，因为他们不认识自己的家人了，把他们也看成陌生人。故选C。]
(　　)8．A．puzzled B．satisfied
　　　　C．amused D．motivated
A　[根据下文“and wonder who they could be”可知，痴呆症患者的记忆被困在了过去，那时他们的孩子们还很小，所以不认识现在身边的成年子女，会感到困惑。故选A。]
(　　)9．A．cut off B．thrown away
　　　　C．put down D．left behind
D　[根据上文“their loved one moves back into distant past”可知，痴呆症患者的记忆回到他们遥远的过去，而他们的家人被留在了现在，所以痴呆症患者周围没有熟悉的人。故选D。]
(　　)10．A．knowledge B．control
　　 　　C．imagination D．record
A　[根据下文“of these patients'life for the past 10 or 20 years”及语境可知，痴呆症患者的记忆回到他们的过去，而照顾这些病人的医生或护士不知道他们过去的生活。have no knowledge of“不知道”。故选A。]
(　　)11．A．brief B．constant
　　 　　C．permanent D．secret
A　[根据上文“Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate”和下文“comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed”可知，这些谎言只是短暂的安慰品，旨在安抚和让话题迅速转移。故选A。]
(　　)12．A．Competing B．Plotting
　　 　　C．Matching D．Mixing
B　[根据上文“Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate—they are comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed．”可知，作者认为医生、护士和家属对这些病人说的谎言只是短暂的安慰品，旨在安抚和让话题迅速转移，所以大家一起策划了这些谎言，且是善意的行为。故选B。]
(　　)13．A．unnecessarily B．inaccurately
　　 　　C．impatiently D．impolitely
A　[根据上文“ with them about this false reality is not unprofessional—it is actually kind．”及语境可知，医生、护士和家属说的谎言是善意的安抚，但这并不是说对痴呆症患者不必要的撒谎是正确的，必须是善意的安抚、避免痴呆症患者过于痛苦的谎言才是可以被接受的。故选A。]
(　　)14．A．ahead of time
　　 　　B．in no time
　　 　　C．for the last time
　　 　　D．for the first time
D　[结合下文“again and again，that they have lost their beloved ones”和常识可知，痴呆症患者会不断忘记现在的事情，所以如果告知沃尔顿夫人真相，就相当于让她一次又一次经历失去了亲人的痛苦，所以每一次知道真相对她来说都是“第一次”。“for the first time again and again”是指痴呆患者无数次地重新体验失去亲人的痛苦，仿佛每次都是第一次经历一样。故选D。]
(　　)15．A．mostly B．informally
　　 　　C．simply D．finally
C　[尽管医生对患者撒谎可能违背诚实原则，但在某些情况下，为了减轻病人的痛苦，适当的谎言是必要的。所以文章最后说“有时候，诚实的确不是上策”。故选C。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·江苏扬州模拟)
假定你所在的城市正在创建全国文明城市。请写一篇演讲稿，呼吁全体同学行动起来，为创建文明城市做出自己的贡献，内容包括：
1．创建文明城市的内容与意义；
2．呼吁同学们从身边的小事做起(不少于两点)。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：文明城市 civilized city
Boys and girls，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Thank you．
【参考范文】
Boys and girls，
As has been promoted by our school，we are to build a civilized city，in which case our city can be cleaner and more competitive，and all the residents will be better off．
On campus，we should pick up litter while we walk around or help others when necessary．At home，we can persuade our parents to quit smoking and get along well with our neighbors．Besides，the core socialist values ought to be put into practice．
Thank you．
课时数智作业
(教师备选)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2024·安徽淮北二模)
While conquering the world's swimming pools in the late 1990s and the 2000s，Amanda Beard had already included breathing exercises in her training．Several years after the end of her athletic career，she discovered walking meditation．Today the seven-time US Olympic medalist practices walking meditation in nature，around the house，or while walking the dog．It's a daily practice with the focused mindfulness of meditation that contributes positively to every aspect of her life，she says．
You don't need equipment or a designated space to start．The idea of a walking meditation is to pay attention to the way your body feels，noticing things like the sky，trees，turning into all of your senses．This means you can meditate“on the go”in the countryside，in the city，in your backyard，and virtually anywhere．A simple，10-minute walking meditation for beginners requires that you just start at ease．Consider what you hear，smell and see．Think about how your feet touch the ground．Fully focus on these feelings．
A report in Health Promotion Perspectives also found that walking meditation can improve your balance，adjust your heart rate，boost your mental focus，and help you battle anxiety and depression．“The benefits of meditation are many，”says Dr．Schramm，a board-certified family physician and meditation teacher．“When we do this over and over again，we train the brain to focus on only one thing at a time and this increases both our blood flow and actual neuronal (神经元) changes within our brains．”
“The magic of meditation is to be able to help you connect with yourself；meditation shouldn't feel a certain way，”says Tara Stiles，a yoga and wellness expert．It's a common mistake in meditation：People fear a wandering mind．“A wandering mind is completely normal，”Stiles says．“Even experienced meditators aren't sitting there never having a thought，but when they have the thought they choose to guide themselves back to their breath instead of getting frustrated．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国奥运奖牌得主Amanda Beard如何将步行冥想融入日常生活、步行冥想的好处以及如何进行步行冥想。
1．What is walking meditation？(　　)
A．Plain walking．
B．Mindful walking．
C．A competitive sport．
D．Deep thought while stationary．
B　[推理判断题。根据第一段中的“It's a daily practice with the focused mindfulness of meditation that contributes positively to every aspect of her life，she says．”以及第二段中的“The idea of a walking meditation is to pay attention to the way your body feels，noticing things like the sky，trees，turning into all of your senses．”可知，“walking meditation”就是“mindful walking”。故选B。]
2．Which of the following is recommended to a beginner starting walking meditation？(　　)
A．A familiar environment．
B．A 10-minute walking time．
C．A relaxed but observant state．
D．A piece of special equipment．
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A simple，10-minute walking meditation for beginners requires that you just start at ease．Consider what you hear，smell and see．”可知，给刚开始进行步行冥想的初学者的建议是保持放松但敏锐的状态。故选C。]
3．What is the brain's reaction to walking meditation according to Dr．Schramm？(　　)
A．Enhancing the blood flow．
B．Undergoing balance training．
C．Having more active thoughts．
D．Decreasing neuronal changes．
A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When we do this over and over again，we train the brain to focus on only one thing at a time and this increases both our blood flow and actual neuronal changes within our brains．”可知，大脑对步行冥想的反应是促进血液流动、增加实际神经元的变化。故选A。]
4．What is Tara Stiles'attitude towards distractions？(　　)
A．Carefree．　　　　　　　 B．Frustrated．
C．Concerned． D．Positive．
A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“‘A wandering mind is completely normal，'Stiles says．”可知，Tara Stiles认为走神是完全正常的，所以是持不必担心的态度。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·山东临沂模拟)
As is known to us all，honesty has always been a traditional virtue in China．Despite the passage of time，honesty has been passed down as a mainstream value．　1　
A famous Chinese idiom (成语)，yinuo qianjin，tells such a story．In the early Western Han Dynasty，a general named Ji Bu was known for being courageous and honest．Legend has it that whenever Ji made a promise，he would make an effort to keep it．　2　 There was a saying widely spread：It is better to have a promise from Ji Bu than to get hundreds of ounces (盎司) of gold．
　3　 During the Qing Dynasty，Li Daquan，a successful businessman in Shanxi Province，was visited by a friend who came up with a new idea．In ancient China，carrying a large amount of cash was not only a heavy burden (负担) but could also put the owner in danger．His friend proposed that a draft (汇票) be issued to replace the real cash．This draft was not only a promise to pay，but also could be cashed everywhere．Li readily agreed and kept his word．The story soon got around，and Li's honesty brought him a flood of customers and a good business．　4　 Such is the beginning of the Chinese banking industry．His banking business finally expanded into 35 branches across the country．Rishengchang has been preserved and turned into a museum now．
In today's China，the spirit of honesty is still well-respected．China selects national role models every year．　5　
A．Everyone should try to be an honest person．
B．Honesty is priceless and honesty also brings creativity．
C．Such a virtue of honesty earned him a good popularity．
D．China is a famous country that values and respects honesty．
E．Li Daquan later set up China's first draft bank，Rishengchang．
F．It is also shown in countless stories throughout China's history．
G．Their stories are told across the country to promote the virtue of honesty．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了诚信一直是中国的传统美德。尽管时间在流逝，诚信已经作为一种主流价值观传承下来。
1．F　[下文介绍了两个中国历史上关于诚信的故事，所以F项“这也体现在中国历史上无数的故事中”符合文意，承接上文，并引出下文。故选F。]
2．C　[根据上下文可知，空处应是过渡句，由介绍季布的事迹过渡到这么做的结果，所以C项“这种诚实的美德为他赢得了良好的声望”符合文意，是前面行为的结果。故选C。]
3．B　[本段主要讲述了诚信会带来创造力，所以B项“诚实是无价的，诚实也带来创造力”符合文意，是本段的中心句。故选B。]
4．E　[根据上下文可知，空处应是过渡句，由李大全的故事过渡到中国银行业，所以E项“李大全后来成立了中国第一家汇票银行——日昇昌”符合文意。故选E。]
5．G　[根据上文可知，现在人们仍旧推崇诚实的精神，评选全国的榜样，因此推断G项“他们的故事在全国传颂，以树立好榜样，倡导诚实的美德”符合文意，承接上文。故选G。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·安徽宿迁三模)
The Duan inkstone，one of the four most famous inkstones in China，1． (originate) in the mountains by the Duanxi River in Guangdong Province．Since the Tang Dynasty，it has been the 2． (center) region for Duan inkstone production and even today，most of the villagers still earn their living by making inkstones．
Throughout hundreds of years，villagers have developed 3． scientific production system．The process involves stone selection，material screening，shape designing，carving，and wooden box matching，among 4． stone selection and carving are the two most important steps．
Purple 5． color，Duan inkstones are glossy and as smooth as silk．They enjoy a great reputation as they never crack even when 6． (place) in low temperatures．It is a long and laborious process to hand-pick flawless Duan stones．Miners dig in tunnels less than one meter high at the riverside，and using tools such as dynamite (炸药) 7． (forbid)．
Carving involves good conception，and highlights the fine shape of the stones 8． carving skills．In addition to natural designs，flying dragons，flowers and birds，figures，mountains and waters are common 9． (image) carved on the stones．The matching boxes are also carefully chosen and are often made of purple sandalwood and rosewood．The Duan inkstone has various styles，and new-style products are designed one after another 10． (meet) increased export demands．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了端砚的制造工艺。
1．originated　[考查时态。空处为谓语动词，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填originated。]
2．central　[考查词性转换。形容词central作定语，修饰名词。故填central。]
3．a　[考查冠词。泛指“一套科学的生产体系”，且scientific首字母为辅音音素。故填a。]
4．which　[考查定语从句。先行词为stone selection，material screening，shape designing，carving，and wooden box matching，指物，作among的宾语，关系代词为which。故填which。]
5．in　[考查介词。in color“在颜色方面”。故填in。]
6．placed　[考查状语从句的省略。空处为状语从句的省略，还原后为：when they are placed，省略了they are。故填placed。]
7．is forbidden　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语与谓语之间为被动关系，且主语为动词-ing形式，谓语动词用单数。故填is forbidden。]
8．and　[考查连词。根据上下文语境可知，前后为并列关系。故填and。]
9．images　[考查名词复数。表示多种形象，名词images作表语。故填images。]
10．to meet　[考查非谓语动词。不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·广东深圳模拟)
Morty was checking out his library books when it caught his eye—a poster for Adventure Rocks Kids Camp．“Check this out！”Morty called to Ben and Fred as he grabbed three brochures and dashed to catch up with his best buddies．They all stopped，books in hands，to stare at the pictures of kids flying above canyons suspended from zip lines．They instantly believed the brochure's headline：Summer won't be complete until you take it to the limit at Adventure Rocks Kids Camp．
Ben broke the silence，“We have less than two weeks until registration opens，and it says the camp fills up fast．”Then an idea popped into Morty's head．“Why don't we sell lemonade and snacks by the side of the road？We can pool our allowance savings for the camp．”“That's a great idea，”Ben said．
The sun had barely come up on Saturday morning when the kids set up their business．They chose a spot，asked permission from the homeowner，and then asked to use her garden hose for water to make lemonade．
Their business went smoothly until Ben announced that they had a comparatively small stock of lemons shortly after noon．Morty decided to make their stock go further．“Fred，when the jug gets down to one-fourth full，just fill it to the top with the water hose．”Morty was thinking out loud，“I'll change the sign and charge 30 more cents for each cup of lemonade．”Their business went on and the three were secretly proud of the little tricks they had done．
Just as Morty finished refilling the jug with water for the third time，a vehicle rounded the comer．Morty saw the minivan with his father at the wheel and his family inside．They pulled up to the sidewalk，and his brothers and sisters jumped out，each clutching a coin or two．They were eager to support their brother's bustling business．Morty's family bought the last of the brownies and drank the last drop of watered-down lemonade．
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Morty's father frowned at the sip of the lemonade．　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
They decided to fix their wrongdoings the next week．　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【语篇解读】　本文以故事情节发展为线索，讲述了Morty，Ben和Fred三个孩子因为想去参加夏令营，在路边摆摊卖柠檬水赚报名费的故事。随着柠檬越来越少，他们打起了歪主意：往柠檬汁里兑水并提价。后来，Morty的家人开心地来照顾生意。Morty的爸爸喝出了柠檬水的问题，不禁发出疑问。几个孩子沉默片刻，还是承认了错误。在Morty的爸爸的鼓励下，他们决定第二周弥补错误。随后，他们用赚到的钱购买了足量的柠檬，将柠檬水降价，并主动声明给上周六下午购买柠檬水的顾客免费送一杯柠檬水。可想而知，他们最终没有赚到足够的钱参加夏令营，但是他们学到了珍贵的一课：做人要保持诚信。
【写作指导】
1．段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“Morty的爸爸喝了一口柠檬水，皱起了眉头”可知，第一段可描写Morty的爸爸发现了柠檬水的问题后，几个孩子很尴尬地承认错误的场景，以及Morty的爸爸建议他们怎么做。
②由第二段首句内容“他们决定下周改正他们的错误”可知，第二段可描写他们如何改正自己的错误。
2．续写线索：
发现夏令营传单——想参加——摆柠檬水摊赚报名费——遇到问题后将柠檬兑水处理——柠檬水兑水被发现——承认错误——纠正错误——感悟
【参考范文】
Morty's father frowned at the sip of the lemonade． As to him，it tasted more like water．Overwhelmed with confusion，he asked directly，“What's wrong？It tastes just like cold water．”The moment Morty heard his father's doubt，he stood awkwardly，not sure what to say．Fred and Ben were also speechless．A moment later，they admitted what they had done．Although Morty's father was disappointed，he said，“You still have time to correct your wrongdoings．”Hearing this，they nodded immediately．
They decided to fix their wrongdoings the next week． Ben suggested to use the money earned to prepare enough lemons first and then reduce the price．They all agreed．When they restarted their business，they even stood a sign，saying，“We send a cup of lemonade to customers who bought it last Saturday afternoon for free．”They made over 50 cups of lemonade for a constant stream of customers with a low price and over 20 cups were for free．As you can imagine，they didn't get enough money for the camp．But they learned a valuable lesson that one should always be honest．
1 / 33课时数智作业(四十一)
选择性必修第四册　UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2024·安徽合肥三模)
China has constructed more than 20 new museums since 2012．Here are some of the best．
Shanghai Astronomy Museum
Launched in 2021，Shanghai Astronomy Museum is reportedly the world's largest astronomy museum，covering more than 630，000 square feet．
In its three main sections—Home，Universe，and Journey—visitors can see 150 interactive exhibits．They can also watch videos of the vast universe in a huge dome theater with an 8K screen，which helps visitors to have a multi-sensory journey for space exploration．
Chengdu Science Fiction Museum
Located on a lake and opened to the public on October 13，2023，the roughly 635，000-square-foot museum explains Chengdu's status as the national center of science fiction writing．It was in this mountain-surrounded city that China's most popular science fiction magazine，Science Fiction World，was first published in 1979．
Beijing Sound Art Museum
For a decade，local artist Colin Chinnery regularly walked the streets of China's capital，recording traditional sounds that are gradually disappearing from this modernizing city．Now，the museum has cataloged hundreds of his audio recordings of Beijing's evolving soundscape—from the calls of street hawkers (商贩) to pigeon whistles blown in parks．Opened on May 20，2023，it's located in Songzhuang Art District of Tongzhou，in Beijing's eastern suburbs．
Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum
Opened to the public on May 18，2016，it is China's first museum to display bricks for the royal families during the Ming and Qing dynasties (1368－1911)．The museum was built close to the brick kiln (窑) to show the complex brick-making process．
The kiln is still in use today．Bricks produced with traditional technologies have been used in restoration projects of heritage buildings，such as the Summer Palace in Beijing and the Puji Temple in Zhejiang Province．
In the exhibition hall，visitors can explore the brick-making process through various cultural relics and interactive games．
1．What can visitors do in the huge theater of Shanghai Astronomy Museum？(　　)
A．Play interactive video games．
B．Watch high-definition videos．
C．Attend multi-sensory exhibits．
D．Scan the universe with telescopes．
2．When was Science Fiction World first published？(　　)
A．In 2021．　　　　　 B．In 2016．
C．In 2012． D．In 1979．
3．What do the last two museums have in common？(　　)
A．They preserve the past．
B．They show high technologies．
C．They explain the royal lives．
D．They present personal artworks．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·湖南长沙模拟)
There are a lot of good and logical reasons not to say what you think，especially when others disagree．Offending people isn't nice，and it can lead to social consequences．Nodding along might seem practical or charitable，despite the fact that you are screaming disagreement on the inside．However，the true act of charity is to say what you really think．Your committing to complete honesty can be an act of love．
One of my friends takes honesty to the extreme．He calls talks with others that get to the complete truth of things，even difficult admissions in views，“love conversations”．Once two people have such a conversation，his theory goes，they can understand each other and act accordingly．As a philosophical matter，my friend's belief of “love conversations” is Kantian．The German philosopher Kant argued that lying to others prevents them from making choices based on the truth，which is contradictory with friendship and love．
In the 1990s，Brad Blanton argued when the truth is hard to accept，telling it can have costs，including social disapproval and broken relationships．But it is worth the consequences because it can reduce stress，deepen connections with others，and reduce emotional reactivity．
Both sides can't be right here．Either Kant，Blanton，and my friend are embracing a faulty theory，or our society is missing a big opportunity for moral growth．You might say that little white lies are a social lubricant (润滑剂)．They can even seem virtuous．After telling a white lie，I sometimes pat myself on the back，turning my evil into a virtue inside my own head．Some lies might make life easier，but they don't necessarily make life happier．I wouldn't want my wife to tell me what she thinks I want to hear，as if we were strangers avoiding conflict，and finding out that she had done so would make me feel distrusted and therefore hurt our relationship．I don't want a stranger to tell me she likes my writing if she doesn't，because unreal compliments make me suspicious．
4．What can we learn from “my friend” in paragraph 2？(　　)
A．He admits other's views with great honesty．
B．He practices Kant's philosophical theories．
C．He loves to discuss philosophy with others．
D．He prevents himself from difficult choices．
5．Brad Blanton found telling the truth 　　　　．(　　)
A．stressful and emotional
B．unacceptable and harmful
C．thoughtless but courageous
D．challenging but deserving
6．Why is the author's wife mentioned in the last paragraph？(　　)
A．To distinguish his wife from a stranger．
B．To show his wife's honesty and virtue．
C．To argue for the importance of frankness．
D．To stress avoiding suspicion in marriage．
7．Which statement does the author probably agree with？(　　)
A．Telling the truth can be an act of love．
B．The route to happier life lies in lies．
C．Little white lies are actually virtuous．
D．Our society is being corrupted by lies．
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·浙江宁波二模)
The day I met Hani Irmawati，she stood alone in the parking lot of the International school，a shy seventeen-year-old in worn clothing．Despite some difficulties，she approached me，begging to improve her English．When I inquired about her motivation，expecting a local job search，she quietly expressed her dream of attending an American university．
Moved by her determination，I volunteered to help her after school．Each day，Hani woke at dawn，studying on the bus to her public high school，then joining me in the afternoon，exhausted but eager to learn．Despite her struggles with college-level English，her perseverance amazed me．
Hani's family lived modestly，her parents working as a custodian and a maid．Their income couldn't support her American university aspirations，dampening my initial optimism．
In December 1998，a scholarship opportunity arose，but upon reviewing the requirements，I despaired．Hani lacked the extracurricular experience and standardized test scores typical of applicants．Despite my discouragement，she remained resolute，asking me to submit her application．Unable to refuse，I completed the application，highlighting her courage and perseverance．I warned her of slim acceptance odds，but she remained steadfast．
In the following weeks，Hani intensified her English studies，and I arranged for her to take the Test of English Fluency．The computerized test posed a significant challenge for her．Just before departing for the test，she received a letter from the scholarship association．I began reading the letter with her，only to discover she'd been accepted．
Overjoyed，I celebrated while Hani stood quietly，perhaps bewildered by my shock．In that moment，I realized what Hani had known all along：success requires not just intelligence，but also the drive to persevere and the courage to believe in oneself．
8．What motivated Hani to improve her English？(　　)
A．Pressure from family members．
B．Curiosity about foreign languages．
C．Job prospects in the local community．
D．Ambition of entering an American university．
9．What can we infer about the difficulties that Hani had？(　　)
A．Hani's parents were unsupportive of her dream．
B．Hani was uninterested in extracurricular activities．
C．Hani's application form was not submitted on time．
D．Hani was not academically qualified for the scholarship．
10．How did the author likely feel upon discovering Hani's acceptance to the scholarship？(　　)
A．Surprised and proud．
B．Relieved but envious．
C．Touched and honored．
D．Shocked but concerned．
11．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．From Shyness to Success
B．A Scholar's Journey
C．The Power of Perseverance
D．Hani's Unrealistic Dream
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·湖南衡阳模拟)
If doctors lie，it is surely inexcusable．One of the basic 　1　 the public have of doctors is honesty．But what would you think if I told you that research has shown that 70 percent of doctors 　2　 to lying to their patients？
Mrs．Walton was in her eighties and 　3　 to see her husband．“He's on his way．Don't worry．” I said this to calm her down．But it was a lie．He died two years ago．The truth is that it is a 　4　 to lie sometimes．
Mrs．Walton is one of the dementia (痴呆) sufferers，who lose their memory of 　5　 events，but hold memories from the distant past．Many of them realize that the past bears little 　6　 to the present，but are at a loss to explain．They often feel scared that they are 　7　 by strange people，even when they are with their family．They look at their adult children 　8　 and wonder who they could be．
I have countless families not knowing how to react as their loved one moves back into distant past and they are 　9　 in the present．And how，as a doctor，does one manage sufferings that come with having no 　10　 of these patients'life for the past 10 or 20 years？Maybe he can tell them lies that are not big and elaborate—they are 　11　 comforts intended to calm and allow the subject to be swiftly changed．
　12　 with them about this false reality is not unprofessional—it is actually kind．That's not to say that lying to patients with dementia 　13　 is right．But what kind-hearted person would put another human being through the unimaginable pain of learning，　14　 again and again，that they have lost their beloved ones．It would be an unthinkable cruelness．
Sometimes honesty is 　15　 not the best policy．
(　　)1．A．expressions　 　 B．expectations
C．reputations D．regulations
(　　)2．A．objected B．contributed
C．admitted D．appealed
(　　)3．A．ashamed B．delighted
C．nervous D．desperate
(　　)4．A．cruelty B．kindness
C．pain D．pleasure
(　　)5．A．recent B．popular
C．distant D．major
(　　)6．A．opposition B．connection
C．attention D．similarity
(　　)7．A．attacked B．isolated
C．surrounded D．attracted
(　　)8．A．puzzled B．satisfied
C．amused D．motivated
(　　)9．A．cut off B．thrown away
C．put down D．left behind
(　　)10．A．knowledge B．control
C．imagination D．record
(　　)11．A．brief B．constant
C．permanent D．secret
(　　)12．A．Competing B．Plotting
C．Matching D．Mixing
(　　)13．A．unnecessarily B．inaccurately
C．impatiently D．impolitely
(　　)14．A．ahead of time
B．in no time
C．for the last time
D．for the first time
(　　)15．A．mostly B．informally
C．simply D．finally
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·江苏扬州模拟)
假定你所在的城市正在创建全国文明城市。请写一篇演讲稿，呼吁全体同学行动起来，为创建文明城市做出自己的贡献，内容包括：
1．创建文明城市的内容与意义；
2．呼吁同学们从身边的小事做起(不少于两点)。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：文明城市 civilized city
Boys and girls，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Thank you．
8 / 8核心词汇 1．____________ adv．刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 2．____________ adj．值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 3．____________ vt．& vi．疑有，觉得n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象 4．____________ n．道德原则；法则；信条　　　　　　　5．____________ vt．& vi．辞职，辞去 6．____________ adj．极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 7．____________ n．皱纹；褶皱，皱痕vt．& vi．(使脸上)起皱纹，皱起 8．____________ vi．停顿，暂停n．停顿，停顿的时间 9．____________ vi．& vt．假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为 10．____________ adv．同样地；也，而且 11．____________ n．最后期限，截止日期 12．____________ n．美德；正直的品性；优点 13．____________ adj．有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 14．____________ n．意外收获；奖金，红利 15．____________ n．收成，收获量；收获季节，收割vt．& vi．收割，捕猎
阅读词汇 1．____________ n．下巴；颌 2．____________ adj．核心的；最重要的 n．核心，最重要的部分 3．____________ adj．大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的 4．____________ n．诚实正直；完整，完好　　　　　　　5．____________ n．海星，星鱼 6．____________ n．引语vt．& vi．引用，引述；举例说明 7．arrest n．& vt．________________ 8．mineral n．________________ 9．phase n．________________ 10．garbage n．________________
拓展词汇 1．innocent adj．无辜的，清白的，无罪的；天真无邪的，纯真的 n．无辜者，单纯的人→____________ n．天真；清白 2．forgive vt．& vi．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)→____________ n．宽恕 3．appoint vt．约定，指定，确定→____________ n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务 4．rely vi．依靠，依赖→____________ adj．可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的 5．crime n．罪行，犯罪行为→____________ n．罪犯 adj．犯法的，犯罪的；刑事的；不道德的 6．legal adj．合法的；法律的→____________ adj．非法的；违法的→____________ adv．违法地 7．social adj．社会的→____________ adj．社会主义的 n．社会主义者→____________ n．社会主义 8．photograph n．照片 vt．拍照 →____________ n．摄影师，拍照者 9．guilt n．内疚；犯罪；有罪→____________ adj．感到内疚的，感到惭愧的；有罪的，有过失的 10．shame n．羞耻，惭愧；让人遗憾的事→____________ adj．惭愧，羞愧，尴尬→____________ adj．可耻的 11．disappoint vt．使失望→____________ adj．失望的，沮丧的→____________ adj．令人失望的→____________ n．失望 12．guide vt．指导；导航 n．向导→____________ n．指导；导航 13．discourage vt．使灰心；劝阻→____________ adj．灰心的→____________ n．勇气→__________ vt．鼓励→____________ n．鼓励 14．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕→ ____________ adj．残忍的；无情的→____________ adj．宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的
高频短语 1．________________ 拆毁，拆除　　　　　　 2．________________ 发财 3．________________ 失去联系 4．________________ 臂挽着臂 5．________________ 被逮捕 6．________________ 任……处置，对……无能为力 7．________________ 使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 8．________________ 二十年前 9．turn up ________________ 10．pull out ________________ 11．take charge of________________ 12．have a chat with sb．________________ 13．make contributions to ________________ 14．set aside ________________
句型公式 1．There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe” Brady's restaurant．(where引导地点状语从句) 这家商店所在的位置曾经是一家餐馆——“大乔”布雷迪餐馆。 2．Always give your best in whatever you set out to do，however difficult that might be．(however引导让步状语从句) 无论你开始做什么，无论多么困难，都要全力以赴。 3．Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．[祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋简单句] 今天播下成功的种子，明天就会收获丰硕的成果。
I'm a policeman on the beat．One cold night，I arrived at a darkened store，1．____________ “Big Joe” Brady's restaurant used to be．In the doorway leant a man 2．____________ (look) about 40 years old．I went over to him．He responded 3．____________ (quick)，saying that he was waiting for a friend to come for an appointment made twenty years ago．While we were talking，he struck a match and 4．____________ (light) his cigar．Then I was able to see a pale face，with keen eyes，a square jaw and a small scar near his right eyebrow．Instantly I recognized him：my best friend Bob，a 5．____________ (want) criminal as well!
I stared at his smiling face and 6．____________ (memory) came flooding back．Bob used to be a decent and reliable young man．Two decades ago he decided 7．____________ (shoulder) the burden of caring for his family．So he left for the West，hoping to make his fortune there．Gradually we lost contact，but I could barely allow myself to imagine he was earning money 8．____________ ways that were not legal!
I walked away without revealing 9．____________ I was，and then I asked a plain-clothes policeman to arrest Bob．It was a difficult 10．____________ (decide)，but I stuck to my principles anyhow．
1．worthwhile adj．值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的
①I think that it is worthwhile ____________ (be) a volunteer and I'm writing to give you my warm welcome．
②I think it is worth ____________ (you) while taking the trouble to explain the job fully to the new employees．
　读后续写之感悟升华
我们一致认为，向穷人传递善意和温暖是值得的，尤其是在这个令人害怕的日子里。
We all agreed that______________________________________________________
_____________________ to the poor，especially at this chilling day．
◎It is worthwhile doing/to do sth．做某事是值得的。
◎It is worth one's while doing/to do sth．值得某人做某事。
◎I highly recommend visiting this exhibition．Come on! It is worth your while to see the exhibition．
我强烈推荐参观这个展览。来吧！这个展览值得你看一看。
2．suspect vt．& vi．疑有，觉得 n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Snow suspected ____________ the water pump was to blame．
②Police have asked residents to keep an eye out for anything ____________ (suspect)．
③These seven villagers were suspected of ____________ (have) links with several extremist groups．
　读后续写之神态描写
当我们开始窃窃私语时，她皱起了眉头，向我们投来怀疑的目光。
When we started whispering together，she frowned and _________________________
________________________________．
◎suspect sb．of (doing) sth．怀疑某人有……罪/做了某事
◎suspect that...怀疑……
◎be suspicious of/about怀疑……；对……起疑心
◎Hearing my words，David said，“I suspect that kids from other schools would laugh at me，because I am an exception．”
听到我的话，大卫说：“我觉得其他学校的孩子会嘲笑我，因为我是个例外。”
3．forgive vt．& vi．原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)
①If we develop a ____________ nature，we'll also receive____________from others．(forgive)
②Considering he is a green hand，we should forgive him ____________ making such mistakes．
　读后续写之动作描写
我妹妹弄坏了我的电脑，好几天我都对她有点儿生气，但最终妈妈说服我不计前嫌。
When my sister broke my computer，I was kind of angry at her for days，but my mother finally ____________________________________．
◎forgive sb．for (doing) sth．原谅某人做了某事
◎forgive one's doing sth．原谅某人做了某事
◎forgive and forget不计前嫌；既往不咎
◎(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness．
同样重要的是给予你自己一些原谅。
4．pretend vi．& vt．假装；装扮，扮作；自诩，自认为
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)People who pretend ________________ (be) someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves．
②Kate pretended ____________ (smile) all the time，but she was afraid to look at him in the eye．
③Jacy pretended ____________ (learn) about the whole thing，expecting us to tell the truth．
　应用文写作之建议信
我真的希望你能调整你的情绪，不要每天都假装很开心。
I really hope you can adjust your emotions and don't ___________________________
___________________________．
◎pretend to do/to be doing/to have done sth．假装做/正在做/做过某事
◎pretend to be...假装是……；装扮成……
◎pretend that...假装……
◎She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn't exist．
她决定记住她的班级在哪里，然后假装其他地方不存在。
5．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)Esmeralda hears his call for water，and steps forwards out____________mercy．
②The past decade has witnessed that animals are being killed and become extinct due to ____________ (mercy) human activities．
③When he was taken to hospital，his injuries were so severe that death would be a ____________ (mercy) release．
　读后续写之场景描写
那女人冻得发抖，在孤寂泥泞的道路上艰难前行，无情的雨水狠狠地击打着她的身躯。
The woman，trembling with cold，was struggling on the lonely，muddy road while ________________________________________________．
◎show mercy to sb．(＝show sb．mercy) 同情或怜悯某人
◎out of mercy出于同情
◎without mercy毫不留情地；残忍地
◎at the mercy of sb．/sth．任……处置，对……无能为力；任由……摆布
◎After some thinking，my mother said in a soft voice that we should protect his self-esteem rather than punish him without mercy．
妈妈想了想，轻声说，我们应该保护他的自尊，而不是毫不留情地惩罚他。
6．[教材原句]There used to be a restaurant where this store stands—“Big Joe” Brady's restaurant．这家商店所在的位置曾经是一家餐馆——“大乔”布雷迪餐馆。
①(外研版选择性必修第三册Unit 2)He found inspiration ____________others could not，in simple，everyday scenes，such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store...
②____________ there are Chinese people，there is mobile payment．
③There used to be a small village ____________ the two rivers join，which was completely destroyed by an earthquake years ago．
　应用文写作之介绍信
在我看来，这有点类似于“有志者事竟成”的说法。
In my view，it is sort of similar to the saying—________________________________．
◎where可以引导地点状语从句，此时的where大体相当于in/at the place where，所以不可像引导定语从句的where那样换成in/at which等。where引导的地点状语从句一般放在主句之后，但在一些谚语中或表示抽象意义的句子中，常把地点状语从句放在主句之前。
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use．
护理院的工作人员报告说，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用有所减少。
7．[教材原句]Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow．今天播下成功的种子，明天就会收获丰硕的成果。
①(北师大版选择性必修第三册Unit 7)Keep doing this，____________ you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day．
②Know more words and expressions and you ___________ (find) it easier to read and communicate．
　读后续写之主旨升华
早上浪费一小时，你将花费余下的一整天来补偿。(一日之计在于晨。)
____________________________________________________________，and you will be looking for it the rest of the day．
◎“祈使句＋andthen/orelse/otherwise＋简单句”结构中祈使句表示条件，可转换为if条件状语从句，译为“如果……，就会/否则就会……”。有时候，祈使句也可用一个名词短语替代。
◎“Just give a try，and we all will be proud of you no matter what the result is．” I tried to convince him．
“试一试吧，不管结果如何，我们都会为你感到骄傲。”我试图说服他。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．I always feel ____________ (shame) to see some improper behaviors，such as littering and scribbling．
2．The child looks very simple，with a childlike ____________ shining out of her beautiful and ____________ eyes．(innocent)
3．Cheating destroys self-respect，leaving the cheater ____________ (guilt) and afraid of getting caught．
4．The ______________ result of the exam ____________ him greatly，and he couldn't hide his ____________．(disappoint)
5．It was the teacher's detailed ____________ and excellent teaching that ____________ us in the right direction toward final success．(guide)
6．Whenever you make ____________ with others，make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the ____________ time．(appoint)
7．I think your friend Li Ming is ____________，and you may ____________ on it that he can offer you a hand whenever you're in trouble．(rely)
8．At first，I always felt ____________ for my failure to adapt to the new environment，but my head teacher ____________ me and gave me much ____________．(courage)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．arrest
A．吸引　B．逮捕　C．阻止
(1)It was a policeman who came to arrest him and put him into prison for destroying the shop window． ________
(2)It enjoys wide popularity，so there's no doubt it will arrest the audiences' attention once you start to sing． ________
(3)The sufferer may have to make major changes in his or her life to arrest the disease． ________
2．cheat
A．欺骗　B．消磨　C．作弊
(1)From the first time students take an examination，they are told not to cheat． ________
(2)Because of their lack of social experience，they are more easily cheated by others． ________
(3)He regretted that he cheated those precious time in university． ________
3．(2023·浙江1月卷)Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive． ________
A．vi．谨慎移动　　　　　B．n．英寸
C．n．短距离
4．(2022·浙江1月卷) The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list． ________
A．好处，优点　　　　　　B．奖金，红利　　　　　　　C．意外收获
5．My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree． ________
A．使固定　　　　　　　　B．抛锚　　　　　　　　　　C．主持
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．我很荣幸能站在这里发表关于成为聪明的在线学习者的演讲。(it作形式主语，privilege)
_____________________________________________________________________
deliver a speech on being smart online learners．
2．这本参考书值得你购买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。(worthwhile)
___________________________the reference book，because it is helpful for your study．
3．我们大多数人最终会发现自己处于一个我们或其他人需要帮助的情况下。(where引导定语从句)
Most of us will eventually find ourselves in a situation__________________________．
假如你是新华中学高三年级的学生李华，本月你校校报的英语专栏正在举办以“Be a Student with Dreams and Responsibilities”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1．你的理想；2．发出倡议。
　写作微练
①随着中国的快速发展，我们年轻人应该坚持我们的梦想，肩负起我们的责任。(stick to；shoulder)
With the rapid development of China，we，youngsters，_________________________
__________________．
②至于我，我一直梦想着让这个世界变得更好。(as for)
_____________，I always dream to better this world．
③我努力精通西方和东方文化。它让我传播中国文化。(be good at)
________________________________________．It allows me to spread Chinese culture．
④我将尽我的一份力量，使我们的国家更加强大、美丽。(do one's part)
________________________ to make our country more powerful and beautiful．
⑤我真诚地呼吁每一个学生不遗余力地去实现中国梦。(appeal to)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________ to realize the Chinese Dream．
⑥只有我们年轻一代努力奋斗，我们的国家才能兴旺发达。(thrive)
Our nation will thrive ________________________________________________．
　句式升级
⑦用which引导的非限制性定语从句升级句③
_____________________________________________________________________
⑧用倒装句升级句⑥
_____________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
　语料积累
教材语料 亮词 rejoice；embrace
美句 1．“Thanks，Granny！” I said，smiling． 2．Grandma smiled back happily at me，with deep wrinkles around her eyes．
拓展语料 单词 laugh v．笑；laughter n．笑，笑声；roar v．放声大笑；beam v．笑容满面；sneer at 嘲笑；讥笑；mock v．嘲笑；(模仿)嘲弄
语块 burst out laughing 突然大笑；burst into laughter 突然大笑起来；laugh out loud 大声笑；crack up 哈哈大笑；choke with laughter 笑得喘不过气；can't help laughing 禁不住笑；laugh uncontrollably 无法自控地笑；laugh at 嘲笑；laugh one's head off 大笑不止；laugh up one's sleeve 窃笑；laugh in one's face 当面嘲笑；have a good laugh 开怀大笑
句型 1．A good laugh can brighten even the darkest day． 开怀大笑甚至可以照亮最黑暗的日子。 2．Laughter is the universal language that brings people together． 笑声是一种通用的语言，能把人们团结在一起。 3．Laughter is the best therapy for a weary soul． 对于疲惫的灵魂来说，笑声是最好的治疗。 4．Laughter that lingers is a memory that lasts． 挥之不去的笑声是持久的记忆。 5．A heart filled with laughter is a heart filled with love． 充满笑声的心是充满爱的心。 6．Laughter is the passport to a good time． 笑声是享受美好时光的通行证。
　语料运用
①当我说妈妈不让我带手表时，他们突然大笑起来。
When I said my mother couldn't let me bring the watch，they ________________
________________________．
②“真会编故事！”克劳利冷笑着说。
“What a story！” Crawley said ________________________________．
③其他人甚至笑得喘不过气来。
The others even ________________________________________________．
④我差点儿哭了出来，但我别无选择，只能用笑来消除这种尴尬，因为这是我年轻生命中最悲伤的时刻。
I nearly wept，but I had no choice but to________________________________
________，for it was the saddest moment of my young life．
⑤当我静静地坐在书桌前时，一种奇怪的感觉悄悄袭来。
________________________________________，a strange feeling stole over me．
⑥我所能想到的就是祖父的话：“耐心和努力。”
All I could think of was my grandfather's words，“___________________________
_________________________________”
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