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核心 词汇 1．__________ adj．较高的，高级的；年长的 2．__________ n．校园 3．__________ n．日程表，计划表 4．__________ (ante meridiem)午前，上午 5．__________ n．(工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间 6．__________ adj．有利的，好的prep．加 7．__________ vi．(问题或困难)出现，发生 8．__________ n．生活方式 9．__________ vi．& n．闲谈，聊天 10．__________ vi．& vt．冲浪 11．__________ 网上冲浪，浏览因特网 12．__________ adv．确切地，肯定地 13．__________ n．本地人 14．__________ n．一系列；范围 15．__________ n．质量，品质 16．__________ adv．实际上，事实上 17．__________ vt．拖，拉 18．__________ n．目标，目的 19．__________ n．目的，意图vi．力求达到 20．__________ n．目标 21．__________ vt．更新 22．__________ adv．与此同时 23．__________ n．格言，谚语 24．__________ adv．在前面；向前 25．__________ adv．向/在城镇商业中心区 26．__________ n．专家，行家 27．__________ adj．坦率的，坦诚的 28．__________ vt．移走；去掉 29．__________ adv．完全地，彻底地 30．__________ n．职位；位置 31．__________ adv．正是，当然 32．__________ n．程度 33．__________ adv．因此，因而，从而 34．__________ n．紧张；焦虑 35．__________ vi．运转，工作n．功能 36．__________ vt．寻求；请求 37．__________ vt．以……为特色，是……的特征 38．__________ adj．平常的，一贯的；典型的 39．__________ n．省 40．__________ n．种，类；类型 41．__________ n．供应，供给 42．__________ adj．困难的，难办的 43．__________ vi．& vt．闪现，闪过n．照相机闪光灯 44．__________ prep．除……之外 45．__________ n．联系，联络vt．(写信，打电话)联系(某人) 46．__________ n．慈善机构，慈善团体 47．__________ adj．低年级的 48．__________ n．某一时刻 49．__________ adv．向前；进展
阅读 词汇 1．__________ adj．中等教育；中级的；次要的 2．__________ adj．以前的，先前的 3．__________ adj．充满活力的；精力充沛的 4．__________ n．能力，胜任 5．__________ n．一段时期；章节 6．__________ n．公寓套房 7．__________ n．空闲，闲暇，业余时间 8．__________ n．引擎 9．__________ 搜索引擎 10．__________ n．少年，十几岁的孩子 adj．青少年的 11．__________ n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 12．__________ adj．数字的，数码的 13．hardware n．__________ 14．living room__________ 15．media n．__________ 16．social media__________ 17．café n．__________ 18．military n．__________ 19．certificate n．__________ 20．gym n．__________ 21．slide n．__________ 22．digestion n．__________ 23．recreation n．__________ 24．rural adj．__________
拓展 词汇 1．stressful adj．充满压力的，紧张的→__________ n．紧张；压力；忧虑；强调v．强调；着重→__________ adj．焦虑不安的；重读的 2．challenging adj．富有挑战性的→__________ n．挑战；艰巨任务；质询 vt．向(某人)挑战；对……怀疑 3．differ vi．不同，不一样，有区别→__________ adj．不同的→__________ n．差异；不同 4．expectation n．期待；预料，预期→__________ vt．期待；预料，预期 5．confidence n．自信，信心；信赖→__________ adj．自信的 6．pressure n．压力→__________ v．压，按；挤，推；催促，逼迫 7．recover vi．恢复健康，康复→__________ n．康复 8．injury n．伤，损害→__________ vt．损伤；伤害；使受伤→__________ adj．受伤的；有伤的 9．unfortunately adv．不幸地；令人遗憾地→__________ adv．幸运地→__________ adj．幸运的；吉利的→__________ n．财富；运气 10．voluntary adj．志愿的；服务的；自愿的→__________ n．志愿者 vi．& vt．自愿做；义务做；无偿做 11．various adj．各种各样的；多种(类型)的→__________ vi．(大小、形状等)相异，不同，有别 vt．(略为)变更，改变→__________ n．种类；多样性；变化 12．necessity n．必需品→__________ adj．必需的；必要的→__________ adv．必然地；必需地 13．convenient adj．方便的，便利的→__________ n．方便，便利→__________ n．不便 14．addict n．对……着迷的人→__________ adj．入迷的；上瘾的→__________ adj．使人入迷的→__________ n．瘾；入迷；嗜好 15．distance n．距离，间距→__________ adj．遥远的；疏远的 16．revise vi．& vt．复习→__________ n．复习；修订，修改 17．suffer vi．& vt．遭受(痛苦)→__________ n．受难者；患者→__________ n．痛苦；苦难；折磨 18．reduce vt．减少；降低；缩小→__________ n．减少；降低 19．editor n．编辑，主编→__________ vt．编辑；剪辑→__________ n．版本；版次；(报纸、杂志的)一份 20．organise vt．组织，筹划→__________ adj．有组织的；有条理的→__________ n．组织；团体；机构→__________ n．组织者；安排者 21．professional adj．专业的，职业的→__________ n．职业；行业→__________ n．教授 22．graduate vi．毕业n．毕业生→__________ n．毕业 23．inspire vt．鼓励，激励→__________ adj．品质优秀的；借助于灵感创作的→__________ adj．鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→__________ n．灵感；给人以灵感的人/物 24．apply vi．申请；请求→__________ n．申请；应用→__________ n．申请人 25．eager adj．热切的；渴望的→__________ adv．渴望地→__________ n．渴望，热切 26．independently adv．独立地，自立地→__________ adj．独立的→__________ n．独立 27．power n．电，电力；力量→__________ adj．强大的；强有力的 28．unstable adj．不稳定的→__________ adj．稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→__________ n．稳定(性)；稳固(性) 29．dusty adj．布满灰尘的→__________ n．灰尘 30．muddy adj．泥泞的，多泥的→__________ n．泥，泥浆 31．responsible adj．负责的；有责任心的→__________ adj．不负责任的→__________ n．责任 32．attractive adj．有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→__________ n．吸引力；有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)→__________ vt．吸引 33．laughter n．笑；笑声→__________ v．发笑；笑 34．contribution n．贡献→__________ vi．& vt．贡献；捐献；撰稿→__________ n．捐助人；撰稿人 35．intend vt．计划，打算，想要→__________ n．目的，意图；打算 36．formal adj．正式的，官方的→__________ adj．非正式的 37．adapt vi．(使)适应→__________ adj．有适应能力的；能适应的→__________ n．适应；改编本 38．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明→__________ vt．把……交给；颁发；提出；提交；(以某种方式)展现 n．礼物adj．当前的；现存的 39．entertainment n．娱乐→__________ vi．& vt．招待；款待；使快乐；娱乐→__________ adj．使人愉快的；有趣的→__________ n．表演者；艺人
高频 短语 1．all in all__________ 2．from time to time__________ 3．according to__________ 4．in person__________ 5．tend to do sth．__________ 6．get ahead__________ 7．suffer from __________ 8．to be frank__________ 9．due to__________ 10．in other words__________ 11．__________ 从……毕业 12．__________ 各种各样的 13．__________ 放弃 14．__________ 对付，应付，处理 15．__________ 对……负责 16．__________ ……以及…… 17．__________适应某事 18．__________ 此刻，目前，眼下 19．__________期待，盼望 20．__________ 从……康复
句型 公式 1．My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”．(主语＋be＋表示情绪的形容词＋that从句) 我父母担心我会成为一个网迷。 2．Actually，I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes，especially because real life can be just as interesting．(do强调谓语) 事实上，我非常清楚有时我需要强迫自己不上网，特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。 3．I am always attentive in all classes and think actively，so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school．(so that引导目的状语从句) 我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考，这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的事情。 4．It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together．(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 努力工作并一起实现团队目标总是让我兴奋。 5．To achieve all I want，I must use my time well．(动词不定式作目的状语) 为了得到我想要的一切，我必须好好利用我的时间。 6．For example，it usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus．(It takes sb．some time to do sth．) 例如，乘公共汽车回家通常需要花费我20分钟时间。 7．After a long day，Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room，feeling tired．(动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语) 漫长的一天过后，张天疲惫不堪，终于回到了自己的小窝。 8．However，not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes．(部分否定) 但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。 9．What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning．(what引导主语从句) 让他感到欣慰的是，他的学生能够读、说、写英语，并且在学习上更有信心了。 10．It is not surprising that PE is the kids' favourite subject！(It is not surprising that．．．) 毫不意外的是体育是孩子们最喜欢的科目！ 11．In the 18th and 19th centuries，most English people ate only two main meals each day—breakfast in the morning and a large supper which wasn't usually served until seven o'clock in the evening．(not．．．until．．．结构) 在18世纪和19世纪，大多数英国人每天只吃两顿主餐——上午吃的早餐和通常要到晚上7点才开始的丰盛晚餐。
After graduating from senior secondary school，students look forward to entering the campus of college，1．__________ they will experience an entirely dynamic lifestyle that differs from their previous stressful as well as challenging high school days．
Students from different provinces speak various dialects，which 2．__________ (make) it not convenient for them to communicate．Actually，many will have a tough time 3．__________(adapt) to living independently．To be frank，they tend 4．__________ (face) many problems，such as what necessities to buy and how to deal with conflicts．Having suffered 5．__________ much stress，some of them choose to contact professional experts with the aim of seeking help and improving confidence．Besides，as is often the case，college students need to decide on how to spend the leisure time．6．__________ (absorb) in their definitely clear goals，some students don't chat online or surf the Internet．They don't stay with their laptops all day long for entertainment．To live up to their parents' expectations，they study hard to update their knowledge 7．__________ (eager)，revise what they have learnt，participate in a wide range of attractive activities，apply to join organisations and meanwhile，serve as volunteers to make 8．__________ (contribute) to society．Due to their efforts，they become 9．__________ (confident) than before and have competence for many positions．Just as a saying goes，“No pain，no gain．” Only by hard work can you get ahead．All in all，it is the students themselves 10．__________ are responsible for their future．Will you intend to challenge yourselves or give up the effort？It's all up to you．
1．range [课本义]n．一系列；范围　[增补义]v．排列；(在一定的范围内)变化，变动
①Eating a wide range __________ fruit and vegetables is important，so some advice focuses on including different colours of food in our diets．
②When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed __________ the range of speed limiting．
　应用文写作之申请信
此外，我有广泛的爱好，从弹吉他到游泳。
①Besides，I have ______________________________________________ hobbies，which ________________________．(定语从句)
②Besides，I have ______________________________________ hobbies，______________________________________．(非谓语动词)
◎a range of一系列……
◎beyond/out of one's range超出某人的范围
◎in/within the range of在……范围之内
◎range from A to B/between A and B 在A到B之间变化
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art，craft(工艺) and local history exhibitions which changes every month．
临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术、工艺以及地方历史展览，这些展览每月都会更换。
2．convenient adj．方便的，便利的
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 3)It is certainly __________ (convenient) to take out a mobile and make a call at the touch of a button than to press a series of long numbers on a telephone．
②I hope you can send me an answer at your __________ (convenient)．
　一句多译
方便的时候，你可以去参观一些你最喜欢的博物馆。
①You can visit some of your favourite museums __________________________
__________________________．(convenience)
②You can visit some of your favourite museums when ______________________
__________________．(convenient)
◎be convenient for sb．对某人来说是方便的
◎It is convenient for sb．to do sth．对某人来说做某事很方便。
◎convenience n．方便；便利
◎at one's convenience在某人方便时
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)They have good reasons for driving their kids to school，mostly to do with safety and convenience．
他们开车送孩子上学有充分的理由，主要是为了安全和方便。
3．addict n．对……着迷的人
①(译林版必修第三册Unit 3)I was __________ smartphone addict．My eyes were glued to the little screen whenever I walked down the street，had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night．
②It is typical of Jane to buy lots of useless things online but she wants to seek ways to remove her __________ (addict) to it．
　句式升级
(普通表达)I am addicted to my cell phone，so I can't concentrate on my study．
(高级表达)______ ______________________________________________，I can't concentrate on my study．(形容词短语作状语)
◎be/get addicted to (doing) sth．沉迷于(做)某事
◎addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好
◎addictive adj．使人入迷的
◎addicted adj．上瘾的；入迷的
◎I know that if I start watching a soap opera，I immediately become hopelessly addicted．
我知道自己只要一开始看连续剧，就会马上上瘾、无法自拔。
4．aim [课本义]n．目的，意图 vi．力求达到　[增补义]vt．& vi．瞄准；目的是
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 2)The organisation aims __________ (rescue) and raise orphan elephants，and then return them to the wild．
②I am writing __________ the aim of asking you for advice on how to improve my pronunciation．
③The homeless guy walked __________ (aimless) along the road，not knowing where to go．
　应用文写作之通知
旨在唤起我们的环保意识的演讲比赛，将在我们学校的演讲厅举行。
The speech contest，____________________________________________________，will be held in the lecture hall of our school．(过去分词短语作定语)
◎with the aim of有……的目的
◎aim at瞄准；目的在于
◎be aimed at目的是；旨在
◎aim to do．．．旨在做……；力求达到……
◎aimless adj．无目的的
◎aimlessly adv．无目的地
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)What did the new study aim to explore
这项新研究旨在探索什么？
◎(2023·全国甲卷)Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home．
三分之二的人们旨在提高他们在家的舒适度。
5．distance n．[课本义]距离，间距　[增补义]远方；冷淡；疏远
①(外研版必修第一册Unit 4)Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions might be or from what __________ (distant) we might have to come．
②While walking his dog in a park yesterday afternoon，Bob heard someone crying for help __________ the distance．
③After the quarrel，Susan remained cold and distant，so I had to keep her __________ a distance．
　读后续写之环境描写
据说远处有一棵有100年历史的大树。
______________________________________ is a big tree which is said to have a history of 100 years．
◎in the distance在远处；在远方
◎at/from a distance从远处；离一段距离
◎keep one's distance (from sb．/sth．)＝keep sb．/sth．at a distance与……保持距离
◎distant adj．遥远的；疏远的
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile．To Eva，“a mile” was used to describe long distances．
没有什么比跑一英里更让她害怕的了。对伊娃来说，“一英里”是用来描述长距离的。
6．reduce vt．减少；降低；缩小
①(译林版必修第三册Unit 1)We've been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，__________ (reduce) pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs．
②The number of employees was reduced __________ 40 to 25．
③The workforce has been reduced __________ half．
　读后续写之环境描写
地震后，这个村庄变成了废墟。
The village ____________________________________________________ after the earthquake．
◎reduce sth．from．．．to．．．从……减少到……
◎reduce to．．．减少到……
◎reduce by．．．减少了……
◎be reduced to沦落为(某种情况或状态)
◎reduction n．减少；缩小；降低
◎In my opinion，people should be banned from using plastic bags in order to reduce white pollution．
在我看来，为了减少白色污染，应该禁止人们使用塑料袋。
7．apply [课本义]vi．申请；请求　[增补义]vt．& vi．适用；涂抹于表面
①(人教版必修第一册Unit 2)Kate has been invited to a meeting in Iceland．She will apply __________ a visa soon．
②Students should apply __________ (them) to their study．
③Tom presented the manager with his __________ (apply)．
④After applying a little ointment to his hand，Jeff soon applied himself to __________ (clean) up the kitchen．
　应用文写作之建议信
你应该立即亲自去或写信申请那个职位。
You should _________________________________________________，in person or by letter．
◎apply for申请
◎apply．．．to．．．把……应用于……
◎apply to．．．适用于……；对……有效
◎apply oneself (to sth．/to doing sth．)勤奋工作；努力学习
◎application n．申请；申请书；应用
◎applicant n．申请人
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application．
随着技术的发展，人们很容易借助移动应用程序对不同的物种进行观察。
8．contribution n．[课本义]贡献　[增补义]捐献物；捐款；稿件
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 6)Look at the three items that contribute __________ a carbon footprint．Add any more you can think of．
②He made __________ very positive contribution to the success of the project．
③I am sure your suggestion will contribute to __________ (solve) the problem．
　读后续写之环境描写
道路崎岖曲折。更糟糕的是，暴雨给我们的行进带来了困难。
The road was rugged and winding．What's worse，the rainstorm __________________________________________________________________ the difficulties with our moving．
◎make a contribution to/towards为……做出贡献；向……捐款
◎contribute vt．捐助；撰稿；捐献
◎contribute sth．to/towards sth．向……捐献……；向……提供……(时间、精力等)
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It contributes much to cultural diversity．
它为文化多样性做出了巨大贡献。
◎It is well known that UV radiation contributes to the development of skin cancer．
众所周知，紫外线辐射会诱发皮肤癌。
9．intend vt．计划，打算，想要
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 2)Rather，the author intends __________ (draw) readers' attention to the topic and make them think about and take an interest in it．
②Their expedition was intended __________ (prepare) them for their lifelong dream of climbing Qomolangma．
③He apologized for his comments and said he had no __________ (intend) of offending the community．
　完成句子
我父母本来打算买一辆新卡车，但没有足够的钱。
My parents ____________________________________________________ but couldn't get enough money to afford it．
◎intend to do/doing sth．打算做某事
◎intend sb．to do sth．打算让某人做某事
◎have intended to do sth．(＝intend to have done sth．)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
◎be intended for/to do sth．旨在，预定……用途；为……打算(或设计)的
◎intention n．目的；意图；打算
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)It is intended for AI professionals．
它是为人工智能专业人士设计的。
10．adapt [课本义]vi．(使)适应　[增补义]vt．改编；改写
①(译林版必修第二册Unit 1)In 1967，Disney adapted the book __________ a cartoon film，which is widely regarded as a classic．
②Adapted __________ her book series of the same title，the movies are universally acknowledged as classics．
③After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to __________ (live) on my own．
　应用文写作之求助信
我写信是想请你对我们改编自一篇英语课文的英文短剧进行指导。
I'm writing to ask for your help with our English short play __________．
◎adapt (oneself) to．．．某人适应……
◎adapt．．．from．．．根据……改编或改写……
◎adapt．．．into．．．将……改编成……
◎adapt．．．for．．．将……改编或调整以适应……
◎adaptable adj．能适应的，有适应能力的
◎adaptation n．改编(本)；适应
◎(2024·全国甲卷)Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work．
伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看其中包含了哪些关键点以及如何将其应用到自己的作品中。
11．get ahead 取得进步，获得成功
①Actually，we can all get __________ in our studies or work through hard work．
②A smile can help us get __________ difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers．
③Looking back on my past tough years，Mr Li gave me so much help that I could get __________ difficulties．
　应用文写作之人物描写
他为人随和，与人相处融洽。
He is easy-going and ____________________________________________________．
◎get across被传达；被理解
◎get over恢复；克服
◎get through通过；接通电话；完成
◎get away逃跑；离开
◎get along/on with与……相处融洽
◎get down to (doing．．．)开始(做……)
◎Seek out ways to get ahead and begin making plans．
寻找方法来获得成功并且开始制订计划。
12．as well as [课本义]……以及……　[增补义]和……一样
①(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)Carbon dioxide is released through human activities such as destroying forests and burning fossil fuel，as well __________ natural processes such as volcanic eruptions．
②Lily as well as her parents __________ (be) very fond of classical music．
　应用文写作之传统文化
这些画作极好，画家的才华和中国传统文化的魅力给我留下了深刻的印象。
So fantastic are the paintings that I am deeply impressed by the talent of the painters __________________________________________________________________．
◎as well as还有“不但……而且……”之意，强调的是前者，所以当它连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前者决定。
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)The goal was twofold: to celebrate cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues．
目标有两个：一是颂扬文化多样性，二是推动所有六种语言的平等使用。
13．[教材原句]However，not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes．(部分否定)
但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)Not everyone __________ (agree) on which is the most important．Some people say health．Others say things like a good job．
②The businessman is never to be __________ (entire) trusted．
③Both __________ his parents are not teachers．
　一句多译
事实上，不是所有的网络资源都对我们有益。
①Actually，____________________________________________________ are beneficial to us．
②Actually，____________________________________________________ are not beneficial to us．
◎all，both，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely 等与not连用，均构成部分否定。
◎Sometimes not everything works out perfectly—and that's OK!
有的时候并不是每件事都能进展顺利——这没什么大不了的！
14．[教材原句]What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning．(what引导主语从句)
让他感到欣慰的是，他的学生能够读、说、写英语，并且在学习上更有信心了。
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)Tim is not sure __________ he wants to be in the future．
②I made a list of __________ we needed to buy in the supermarket．
③__________ amazed everyone was that the shy student delivered such a powerful speech．
　读后续写之心理描写
让我焦虑的是她是否会因为我的过错而不再帮我。
____________________________________________________ is whether she will stop helping me because of my faults．
◎what 除了引导主语从句外，还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
◎what引导名词性从句时，在句中可充当从句的主语、宾语或表语。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients．
对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Tod is worried that he has become an __________ to __________ alcohol．Though he has tried all means to rid himself of the __________，he is still __________ to it．(addict)
2．I am sorry for the __________ caused by my mistake．Is it __________ for you to pick up your parcel another time？Please reply to me at your earliest __________．(convenient)
3．Coming to the Tea Expo，you can have a taste of a large __________ of tea and enjoy __________ tea art shows，__________ from making perfect cups of tea to appreciating tea sets．(vary)
4．With __________ (confident)，I was firmly convinced that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment．
5．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The __________ (differ) between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties．
6．As for the reasons for this decision，first of all，being a doctor can save lives，and seeing my patients recover will __________ (definite) give me a huge sense of achievement．
7．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) In these chapters，I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the __________ (necessary)of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use．
8．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world，it's __________ (actual) concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots．
9．(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier，less __________ (stress) and even more optimistic．
10．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) I went to my teacher's office after the award __________ (present)．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．tough
A．结实的　B．强壮的　C．嚼不烂的　D．强硬的；严厉的　E．艰苦的
(1)Are you sure you're physically tough enough for this job？ __________
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids． __________
(3)Meanwhile，in those countries where the shawls (披肩) are sold，police are getting tough with the dealers． __________
(4)Asparagus (芦笋) is by nature tender and tasty at one end，but gets tough and difficult to eat at the other end． __________
(5)Harvard researchers have created a tough，low-cost，biodegradable (可生物降解的) material inspired by insects' hard outer shells． __________
2．arise
A．起床　B．由……引起　C．起身　D．出现
(1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately．
__________
(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future． __________
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park． __________
(4)The problem arose from lack of experience． __________
3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible． __________
A．模特，实物　　　　B．生活　　　　C．生命
4．The government is aiming at a 50% reduction in unemployment． __________
A．力求达到 　　　B．瞄准　　　C．目标
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．不是每个人都能成为冠军，重在参与。(部分否定)
______________________________________，and participation is the most important．
2．你昨晚没睡好，今天发困不足为奇。(It is not surprising that．．．)
You didn't sleep well last night，______________________________________．
3．我很激动你今年暑假要来我们城市旅游。(主语＋be＋表示情绪的形容词＋that从句)
__________________________________________________________________
4．我真的希望尽快收到你的回复。(do强调谓语)
____________________________________________________ as soon as possible．
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom写信询问你的高中生活。请你用英文给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1．简要介绍学校生活；
2．英语学习情况。
　写作微练
①我很高兴你关心我的新学校生活，我写信告诉你一些关于我高中生活的事情。(delight；senior high)
______________________________________ you are concerned about my new school life and I'm writing to ______________________________________．
②我已经非常适应这里的校园生活了。这里的生活是如此丰富多彩和有吸引力。(adapt)
I have quite ______________________________________．It is so colourful and attractive．
③这儿有各种各样的课外活动和俱乐部。它可以帮助我学习和放松。(various)
There are ______________________________________．It can help me learn and relax．
④我的同学都很友好，充满活力。我们老师的教学方法很有趣，与以前的老师不同。(different)
My classmates are very friendly and dynamic．Our teachers' teaching methods are interesting and ______________________________________．
⑤高中英语更具挑战性，让我感到更有压力，但在英语老师的帮助下，我一直在取得进步。我有信心，如果我继续努力，我能学好它。(challenging)
English in senior high school ______________________________________，but I've been making progress with my English teacher's help．I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard．
⑥我很喜欢我在新学校的生活。你呢？ 期待你的早日答复。(do强调谓语)
I __________．How about you Looking forward to your early reply．
　句式升级
⑦将②合并成一个因果句
__________________________________________________________________
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⑧用定语从句改写③中的句子
__________________________________________________________________
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　妙笔成篇
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　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 动作描写：recover；challenge；chat；drag；get ahead；remove；seek；inspire；apply to；give up；deal with
人物描写：dynamic；confidence→confident；competence→competent；responsible；stress→stressed；professional；eager
美句 1．As the popular saying goes，“Every minute counts！” Set a goal and get ahead! 2．In front of the classrooms，there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days． 3．The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind，but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges．
拓展 语料 单词 overjoyed adj．狂喜的；glad adj．高兴的；giggle v．& n．咯咯笑；cheer/joy n．高兴→cheerful/joyful adj．高兴的；delight n．开心→delighted adj．开心的；pleasure n．高兴，开心→pleased adj．开心的；满意的→pleasant adj．令人愉快的，宜人的；happy adj．高兴的→happily adv．高兴地→happiness n．快乐，幸福；merry adj．高兴的→merrily adv．高兴地
语块 to one's delight/joy/entertainment令某人开心的是；be wild with joy/delight/happiness欣喜若狂；dance/jump for/with joy高兴地跳起舞来/跳起来；be delighted/pleased beyond description高兴得无法形容；grin from ear to ear咧嘴大笑；a sense/wave of joy and happiness sweeps/floods over sb．一种喜悦和幸福感涌上某人的心头；in high/cheerful spirits兴高采烈；be seized by joy/be overcome with happiness非常高兴；beam with smiles笑逐颜开；laugh heartily开怀大笑；a mixture of excitement and delight 既兴奋又开心
句型 1．The thought of the moments shared with my grandpa filled me with great joy．(无灵主语句) 一想到与爷爷共度的时光，我就充满了喜悦。 2．The children were thrilled/wild with joy at the sight of various presents．(人物描写) 孩子们一看到各种各样的礼物便欣喜若狂。 3．Then came a voice far from where we were，bathing us in extreme joy．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 接着，从远处传来一个声音，使我们沉浸在极大的欢乐中。 4．She stepped onto the platform，a bright smile across her face．(独立主格结构) 她走上讲台，脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。 5．Hearing the good news，he jumped up and down with joy．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 听到这个好消息，他欢欣雀跃。 6．She hummed and skipped in the forest like a bird．(动作描写；比喻) 她像鸟儿一样在森林里哼哼跳跳。 7．She came forward with a smile on her face，and told the young girl it was good of her to come．(with的复合结构) 她脸上含着一丝微笑走向前来，告诉这位年轻姑娘，她的到来使她很高兴。 8．A wave of joy/pleasure flooded over him．(无灵主语句) 一阵喜悦涌上他的心头。 9．Her smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds．(动词-ing形式短语作后置定语；比喻) 她的微笑就像冲破云层的太阳。
　语料运用
①一想到选择未来的职业，我们就欣喜若狂。(无灵主语句)
__________________________________________________________________
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②使我们感到兴奋的是，我们就应该选择哪条职业道路进行了激烈的辩论。(to one's＋名词)
_____________________________________________________________________
__________，we had a heated debate over which career path we should choose．
③我们负责任的班长脸上带着灿烂如钻石般的笑容，告诉我们他渴望成为一名医生。(with的复合结构)
Our responsible monitor told us that he was eager to be a doctor，_____________
___________________________________________________________________．
④他的脸上洋溢着笑容，他灿烂的笑容照亮了教室，我的同桌说他期待成为一名工程师。(独立主格结构)
_______________________________________，my deskmate said he looked forward to becoming an engineer．
⑤我们的校长看到我们，满意地点头，她的微笑像花朵一样绽放。(比喻)
Seeing us，our head teacher nodded with satisfaction and __________________．
⑥她叮嘱我们要专心学习，这样才能实现我们的梦想。(apply．．．to．．．)
She told us to ________________________ so that we could achieve our dreams．
26/26课时数智作业(二)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
For lots of kids，toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship．Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships，the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults．Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors，such as kindness，sharing，and cooperation．
Even so，how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格)．Some toddlers are very social，but others are shy．In addition，the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship．Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior．
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior．Regardless of how much they like a playmate，they may still grab his toys，refuse to share，and get bossy．But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age．Through play experiences，toddlers learn social rules．That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are．When you establish these guidelines，explain the reasons behind them．
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying．What's making him so sad？”)，then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball．”)．When your child shares or shows empathy toward a friend，praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better．”)．
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words not fists to express how they feel．It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime．Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry，so schedule playtime when they're refreshed．
1．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior？(　　)
A．They are interested in acting．
B．They are shy with the strangers．
C．They are fond of their playmates．
D．They are tired of playing games．
2．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids？(　　)
A．Design games for them．
B．Find suitable playmates for them．
C．Play together with them．
D．Help them understand social rules．
3．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4？(　　)
A．Give examples． B．Explain concepts．
C．Provide evidence． D．Make comparisons．
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．How Children Adapt to Changes
B．How to Be a Role Model for Children
C．How Your Baby Learns to Love
D．How to Communicate with Your Kid
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·山东德州模拟)
Letting Go of What Holds You Back
The truth is，we all only have a limited amount of time and energy each day． 1 Does that sound familiar We've all been there—feeling overwhelmed，as if carrying a heavy load on our backs．Whether it's physical stuff in your living space or metaphorical (比喻的) trash in life，it's time for a spring cleaning．
2 To do one thing well，you must have the concentration and go all out．Once Warren Buffet famously said，“Really successful people say no to almost everything．” He accumulated wealth by focusing laser-like on one thing—investing，and excelled in it by declining every other shiny distraction that crossed his path．
Reflecting on our life，we've unconsciously collected mental and emotional “junk”．Maybe it's excessive TV watching，continuous gaming，tiring friendships，aimless social media consumption．Honestly，I'll bet we could all name at least one TV show we've been absorbed in out of boredom instead of doing something productive．So the first step is taking stock of exactly what's weighing you down each day．Then it's time to start de-junking，but go slow． 3 Try dumping one thing per week so it's manageable．
Another sneaky trick is to replace bad habits with good alternatives，like switching from endless browsing on social media to learning a new skill instead． 4
Once the unnecessary weight is lifted off，you will have so much extra mental space and energy． 5 So say bye-bye to all the things holding you back and watch your success skyrocket as a result．Your future self will thank you．
A．Detail the time you spend on activities each week．
B．As a saying goes，jack (千斤顶) of all trades，master of none．
C．Throwing everything out at once will just leave you stressed out．
D．Or put away your phone while working，so you're not distracted．
E．When it comes to letting go of trouble causers，you have many alternatives．
F．Suddenly barriers seem not so tough when you're not battling ten things at once．
G．If we shoulder more than we can，we'll end up exhausted and going nowhere．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·广东深圳模拟)
Every year during the Spring Festival，a small village puts on a special show．It's about －15 ℃， and a man dressed in a straw hat and sheepskin coat 1． __________ (throw) spoon after spoon of heavy molten iron (铁水) at a massive，icy wall．The collision (碰撞) between the 1，600 ℃ liquid metal and the frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks (火花) 2． __________ (fall) over him，equally beautiful and dangerous．
This is a performance 3． __________ requires extraordinary courage，skill and strength．Known as Da Shuhua，it has a history of 500 years in Nuanquan，a highly-developed steel town．Da Shuhua translates literally into “beating down the tree flowers”，4． __________ agricultural activity of hitting fruit trees to stimulate growth．
In ancient times，fireworks weren't always 5． __________ (wide) affordable．So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a way 6． __________ (celebrate) festivals．As a result，they brought firework displays 7． __________ a whole new level．
Today，Da Shuhua has become more popular than ever，due to 8． __________ (ban) on fireworks to reduce air pollution in some parts of China．Every year，this unique firework display attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather 9． __________draws attention for its protection．Since 2021，it 10． __________ (list) as an intangible cultural heritage of China．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·广东部分学校联考)
The Gratitude Jar
Once upon a time in a small town，there lived a woman named Emily．Emily was known for her warm smile and compassionate heart．Despite facing life's challenges，she carried an atmosphere of gratitude that inspired everyone who knew her．
One day，Emily came across an old，dusty jar in the corner of an antique shop．Interested，she picked it up and noticed a small label that read，“The Gratitude Jar．”The shopkeeper explained that the jar was meant for collecting moments of gratitude—tiny notes that captured the essence (本质) of thankfulness．
Excited by the idea，Emily decided to start a journey of gratitude．Each day before the sun dipped below the horizon，she would sit down with her Gratitude Jar and reflect on the blessings of the day．From the warmth of the morning sun to the laughter of children playing in the park，Emily found joy in the simple things．She set down the joy in different tiny notes and put them into the jar．
As the days turned into weeks and the weeks into months，Emily's jar began to fill with an abundance of notes of gratitude．She was amazed at how her perspective on life had shifted．Instead of thinking about what she lacked，Emily focused on the richness of what she had—the love of family，the support of friends and the beauty of the world around her．
One chilly autumn evening，Emily faced an unexpected challenge．The news of a job loss cast a shadow over her sunny disposition．Feeling a mix of uncertainty and fear，Emily sat down with her Gratitude Jar，wondering if she could find anything to be thankful for in such a trying time．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
As she read through the gratitude notes in the jar，something magical happened．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Two weeks after the application，she received a letter for her new employment．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1/5课时数智作业(一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2025·浙江台州模拟)
As the excitement of the Summer Olympics attracts audiences worldwide，it presents a golden opportunity to inspire our younger generation not just in sports but in the fields of Science，Technology，Engineering，and Mathematics (STEM)．These disciplines，often perceived as complex，can be made accessible and enjoyable through the lens of the Olympics．Here，we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students，aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning．
Surfing STEM Challenge
The Surfing STEM Challenge invites students to explore the fascinating world of magnetic forces (磁力) by keeping a surfer suspended in mid-air．Using a magnetic stick，students guide the surfer's track，mirroring the fluid movements of surfing waves．
Basketball STEM Challenge
The Basketball STEM Challenge attracts students by tasking them with inventing a basketball game tailored for one-handed play，making use of materials at hand．The activity highlights the importance of creativity，engineering capability，and collaborative effort，all within the vibrant atmosphere of the Summer Olympics．
Skateboarding STEM Activity
The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard，along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills．It's an engaging way to connect with the dynamic world of skateboarding in the Summer Olympics，encouraging teamwork，innovation，and hands-on learning．
Golf STEM Challenge
The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course，along with creating their own golf club．This innovative approach to learning not only brings the spirit of the Summer Olympics into the classroom but also fosters teamwork，problem-solving，and a deeper understanding of the scientific concepts behind the game of golf．
Click Here to find out more information．
1．What is the main goal of the STEM challenges described in the passage？(　　)
A．To train students for future careers in STEM．
B．To encourage students' curiosity and love for learning．
C．To help students understand complex scientific theories．
D．To promote the importance of sports and physical activity．
2．Which two STEM challenges encourage students to build something physical？(　　)
A．Surfing STEM Challenge and Golf STEM Challenge．
B．Surfing STEM Challenge and Basketball STEM Challenge．
C．Skateboarding STEM Activity and Golf STEM Challenge．
D．Basketball STEM Challenge and Skateboarding STEM Activity．
3．Where is this passage most likely to be found？(　　)
A．An educational website．
B．A travel blog．
C．A scientific report．
D．A sports magazine．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)
Jim Johnson，a mail carrier，was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland，Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods，just north of downtown Wilmington，where he delivered much more than the mail．He knew all the kids and their pets by name；he carried in the groceries；he took note of unlocked doors，offered gardening advice，and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball．When he wasn't doing all that，Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise．
Though the postal service is often disparaged now，the trust in local postal service lives on．In many communities，that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine，greeting cards，social security checks，college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses．
After more than three decades，Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other．He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day．Butch，a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors，was waiting just like every day before．And just like every day before，he got into the jump seat and they were off．On the route，Jim and Butch had become inseparable．Now，the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together．At every stop，Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own．There were tears and laughter，and hugs filled with warm memories．
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route，but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier．That's what the postal service means to us．
4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph？(　　)
A．He's open-minded． B．He's sharp-eyed．
C．He's warm-hearted． D．He's strong-willed．
5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean？(　　)
A．Refused． B．Criticized．
C．Investigated． D．Suspended．
6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work？(　　)
A．He drove Butch to its owner．
B．He sent presents to his friends．
C．He prepared a retirement party．
D．He said goodbye to the neighbors．
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text？(　　)
A．To remember a respected mail carrier．
B．To record an unforgettable experience．
C．To raise funds for the postal service．
D．To call for harmony in the community．
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·河南部分市模拟)
You hate me．You don't even know me and you hate me．Before we've even spoken，you hate me．At least that's how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call centre．
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call．
Sometimes it's an easy task．The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts，and we get through the phone call with ease．Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight，or looking for someone to blame．Through the luck of the phone system，that person is me．
I've had people who shout at me，call me horrible names，accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me．Why I think it's because I am invisible．I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face．Fortunately for me，I have had years of experience in customer service，so I'm fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me．
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心)．I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I've been there．That's why I'm good at my job—I understand what you're going through，and I'm here to help．
Some days though，no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone，it stays with me．I may do some deep breathing，go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air．I do this so I don't carry that negativity on to my next call．That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life，but I don't want to ever be the one who makes it worse．We are all humans just trying to get by in life，which makes you and me equal．So please，the next time we talk，remember that．
8．What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　)
A．Enjoy． B．Fear．
C．Expect． D．Avoid．
9．Why does the author think some callers treat her badly？(　　)
A．They get angry too easily．
B．They blame her for their debts．
C．They do not see her as a real person．
D．They accuse her of taking their money．
10．Why does the author think she is good at her job？(　　)
A．She can offer callers best advice．
B．She is always respected by callers．
C．She can put herself in others' shoes．
D．She isn't easily influenced by negativity．
11．What is the author's main purpose of writing this text？(　　)
A．To call for understanding of her job．
B．To explain why she is good at her job．
C．To introduce what she is responsible for．
D．To complain about her being treated badly．
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2024·海南一模)
Elmer Whitaker sighed as he looked over his muddy crops．A terrible 1 had swept through his farm the night before，and his crops were now covered in 2 and destroyed．His neighbor，a kind young man named Thomas， 3 to offer his help．
“What a disaster．”Whitaker said．“My whole family has always survived on the harvests of this field．I feel 4 and don't know what to do now．”
Thomas calmed him down and thought for a moment．“I see this not as a disaster but as an 5 ，” he said．Whitaker looked at him 6 ．“How can it be？” he asked．Thomas smiled 7 ， “Now you have a chance to try something new．You've always grown beans and cabbages．Why not try planting 8 crops that will also fit in this soil You can diversify and therefore 9 your farm once again．”
Elmer Whitaker considered this．Thomas was right—he had become set in his ways．This disaster could push him to make his farm 10 and sustainable in a new way．“You have 11 me，” Whitaker said．He clapped Thomas on the back．“Thank you for showing me the opportunity in this difficulty．”
And so Whitaker 12 new crops and soon，the farm was full of life again．Farmers from neighboring towns were 13 with the wonder of Whitaker's field，and they began to 14 their crops as well．Elmer Whitaker's farm has become a 15 of adaptability and hope，telling everyone that in every storm，there is a chance for new growth．
(　　)1．A．force　　　　　 B．smoke
C．war D．storm
(　　)2．A．mud B．grass
C．mist D．dust
(　　)3．A．went on B．set off
C．came by D．burst in
(　　)4．A．special B．desperate
C．sensitive D．tireless
(　　)5．A．opportunity B．agreement
C．intention D．element
(　　)6．A．as usual B．in disbelief
C．on purpose D．with pride
(　　)7．A．innocently B．gratefully
C．politely D．cheerfully
(　　)8．A．major B．traditional
C．different D．natural
(　　)9．A．restore B．exchange
C．donate D．abandon
(　　)10．A．formal B．diverse
C．realistic D．obvious
(　　)11．A．informed B．demanded
C．enlightened D．promised
(　　)12．A．tasted B．planted
C．shared D．received
(　　)13．A．careful B．troubled
C．familiar D．impressed
(　　)14．A．diversify B．remove
C．deliver D．observe
(　　)15．A．manner B．dream
C．symbol D．cause
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2025·甘肃白银联考)
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚网友Julia在邮件中提到，最近的一次考试打击了她的自信心，让她对自己的学习能力产生了怀疑。请你给她回一封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示理解；
2．提出建议；
3．给予鼓励。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Julia，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
7/7核心 词汇 1．senior adj．较高的，高级的；年长的 2．campus n．校园 3．schedule n．日程表，计划表 4．am (ante meridiem)午前，上午 5．shift n．(工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间 6．plus adj．有利的，好的prep．加 7．arise vi．(问题或困难)出现，发生 8．lifestyle n．生活方式 9．chat vi．& n．闲谈，聊天 10．surf vi．& vt．冲浪 11．surf the Internet 网上冲浪，浏览因特网 12．definitely adv．确切地，肯定地 13．native n．本地人 14．range n．一系列；范围 15．quality n．质量，品质 16．actually adv．实际上，事实上 17．drag vt．拖，拉 18．goal n．目标，目的 19．aim n．目的，意图vi．力求达到 20．target n．目标 21．update vt．更新 22．meanwhile adv．与此同时 23．saying n．格言，谚语 24．ahead adv．在前面；向前 25．downtown adv．向/在城镇商业中心区 26．expert n．专家，行家 27．frank adj．坦率的，坦诚的 28．remove vt．移走；去掉 29．entirely adv．完全地，彻底地 30．position n．职位；位置 31．absolutely adv．正是，当然 32．extent n．程度 33．thus adv．因此，因而，从而 34．tension n．紧张；焦虑 35．function vi．运转，工作n．功能 36．seek vt．寻求；请求 37．feature vt．以……为特色，是……的特征 38．typical adj．平常的，一贯的；典型的 39．province n．省 40．sort n．种，类；类型 41．supply n．供应，供给 42．tough adj．困难的，难办的 43．flash vi．& vt．闪现，闪过n．照相机闪光灯 44．besides prep．除……之外 45．contact n．联系，联络vt．(写信，打电话)联系(某人) 46．charity n．慈善机构，慈善团体 47．junior adj．低年级的 48．moment n．某一时刻 49．forward adv．向前；进展
阅读 词汇 1．secondary adj．中等教育；中级的；次要的 2．previous adj．以前的，先前的 3．dynamic adj．充满活力的；精力充沛的 4．competence n．能力，胜任 5．chapter n．一段时期；章节 6．apartment n．公寓套房 7．leisure n．空闲，闲暇，业余时间 8．engine n．引擎 9．search engine 搜索引擎 10．teen n．少年，十几岁的孩子 adj．青少年的 11．laptop n．笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 12．digital adj．数字的，数码的 13．hardware n．(计算机)硬件 14．living room起居室 15．media n．新闻媒体，大众传播媒介(总称) 16．social media社交媒体 17．café n．咖啡馆，小餐馆 18．military n．军队，武装力量 19．certificate n．合格证书 20．gym n．体育馆，健身房 21．slide n．幻灯片 22．digestion n．消化 23．recreation n．娱乐，消遣 24．rural adj．农村的，乡村的，田园的
拓展 词汇 1．stressful adj．充满压力的，紧张的→stress n．紧张；压力；忧虑；强调v．强调；着重→stressed adj．焦虑不安的；重读的 2．challenging adj．富有挑战性的→challenge n．挑战；艰巨任务；质询 vt．向(某人)挑战；对……怀疑 3．differ vi．不同，不一样，有区别→different adj．不同的→difference n．差异；不同 4．expectation n．期待；预料，预期→expect vt．期待；预料，预期 5．confidence n．自信，信心；信赖→confident adj．自信的 6．pressure n．压力→press v．压，按；挤，推；催促，逼迫 7．recover vi．恢复健康，康复→recovery n．康复 8．injury n．伤，损害→injure vt．损伤；伤害；使受伤→injured adj．受伤的；有伤的 9．unfortunately adv．不幸地；令人遗憾地→fortunately adv．幸运地→fortunate adj．幸运的；吉利的→fortune n．财富；运气 10．voluntary adj．志愿的；服务的；自愿的→volunteer n．志愿者 vi．& vt．自愿做；义务做；无偿做 11．various adj．各种各样的；多种(类型)的→vary vi．(大小、形状等)相异，不同，有别 vt．(略为)变更，改变→variety n．种类；多样性；变化 12．necessity n．必需品→necessary adj．必需的；必要的→necessarily adv．必然地；必需地 13．convenient adj．方便的，便利的→convenience n．方便，便利→inconvenience n．不便 14．addict n．对……着迷的人→addicted adj．入迷的；上瘾的→addictive adj．使人入迷的→addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好 15．distance n．距离，间距→distant adj．遥远的；疏远的 16．revise vi．& vt．复习→revision n．复习；修订，修改 17．suffer vi．& vt．遭受(痛苦)→sufferer n．受难者；患者→suffering n．痛苦；苦难；折磨 18．reduce vt．减少；降低；缩小→reduction n．减少；降低 19．editor n．编辑，主编→edit vt．编辑；剪辑→edition n．版本；版次；(报纸、杂志的)一份 20．organise vt．组织，筹划→organised adj．有组织的；有条理的→organisation n．组织；团体；机构→organiser n．组织者；安排者 21．professional adj．专业的，职业的→profession n．职业；行业→professor n．教授 22．graduate vi．毕业n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业 23．inspire vt．鼓励，激励→inspired adj．品质优秀的；借助于灵感创作的→inspiring adj．鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的→inspiration n．灵感；给人以灵感的人/物 24．apply vi．申请；请求→application n．申请；应用→applicant n．申请人 25．eager adj．热切的；渴望的→eagerly adv．渴望地→eagerness n．渴望，热切 26．independently adv．独立地，自立地→independent adj．独立的→independence n．独立 27．power n．电，电力；力量→powerful adj．强大的；强有力的 28．unstable adj．不稳定的→stable adj．稳定的；牢固的；稳重的→stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性) 29．dusty adj．布满灰尘的→dust n．灰尘 30．muddy adj．泥泞的，多泥的→mud n．泥，泥浆 31．responsible adj．负责的；有责任心的→irresponsible adj．不负责任的→responsibility n．责任 32．attractive adj．有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→attraction n．吸引力；有吸引力的特征(或品质、人)→attract vt．吸引 33．laughter n．笑；笑声→laugh v．发笑；笑 34．contribution n．贡献→contribute vi．& vt．贡献；捐献；撰稿→contributor n．捐助人；撰稿人 35．intend vt．计划，打算，想要→intention n．目的，意图；打算 36．formal adj．正式的，官方的→informal adj．非正式的 37．adapt vi．(使)适应→adaptable adj．有适应能力的；能适应的→adaptation n．适应；改编本 38．presentation n．报告；陈述，说明→present vt．把……交给；颁发；提出；提交；(以某种方式)展现 n．礼物adj．当前的；现存的 39．entertainment n．娱乐→entertain vi．& vt．招待；款待；使快乐；娱乐→entertaining adj．使人愉快的；有趣的→entertainer n．表演者；艺人
高频 短语 1．all in all总而言之，总的来说 2．from time to time有时；偶尔；间或 3．according to按……所说，根据 4．in person亲自 5．tend to do sth．易于做某事 6．get ahead取得进步，获得成功 7．suffer from (身体或精神上)遭受……(痛苦) 8．to be frank坦白说，坦率地说 9．due to因为 10．in other words换句话说 11．graduate from 从……毕业 12．all sorts of 各种各样的 13．give up 放弃 14．deal with 对付，应付，处理 15．be responsible for 对……负责 16．as well as ……以及…… 17．adapt to sth．适应某事 18．at the moment 此刻，目前，眼下 19．look forward to (doing) sth．期待，盼望 20．recover from 从……康复
句型 公式 1．My parents are worried that I may become an “Internet addict”．(主语＋be＋表示情绪的形容词＋that从句) 我父母担心我会成为一个网迷。 2．Actually，I do know I need to drag myself away from the online world sometimes，especially because real life can be just as interesting．(do强调谓语) 事实上，我非常清楚有时我需要强迫自己不上网，特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。 3．I am always attentive in all classes and think actively，so that I can have more free time to do other things that I'm interested in after school．(so that引导目的状语从句) 我在所有课上总是专心听讲并积极思考，这样放学后我就有更多可支配的时间做我感兴趣的事情。 4．It always makes me excited to work hard and achieve a team goal together．(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 努力工作并一起实现团队目标总是让我兴奋。 5．To achieve all I want，I must use my time well．(动词不定式作目的状语) 为了得到我想要的一切，我必须好好利用我的时间。 6．For example，it usually takes me 20 minutes to get home by bus．(It takes sb．some time to do sth．) 例如，乘公共汽车回家通常需要花费我20分钟时间。 7．After a long day，Zhang Tian finally got back to his small room，feeling tired．(动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语) 漫长的一天过后，张天疲惫不堪，终于回到了自己的小窝。 8．However，not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes．(部分否定) 但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。 9．What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning．(what引导主语从句) 让他感到欣慰的是，他的学生能够读、说、写英语，并且在学习上更有信心了。 10．It is not surprising that PE is the kids' favourite subject！(It is not surprising that．．．) 毫不意外的是体育是孩子们最喜欢的科目！ 11．In the 18th and 19th centuries，most English people ate only two main meals each day—breakfast in the morning and a large supper which wasn't usually served until seven o'clock in the evening．(not．．．until．．．结构) 在18世纪和19世纪，大多数英国人每天只吃两顿主餐——上午吃的早餐和通常要到晚上7点才开始的丰盛晚餐。
After graduating from senior secondary school，students look forward to entering the campus of college，1．where they will experience an entirely dynamic lifestyle that differs from their previous stressful as well as challenging high school days．
Students from different provinces speak various dialects，which 2．makes (make) it not convenient for them to communicate．Actually，many will have a tough time 3．adapting(adapt) to living independently．To be frank，they tend 4．to face (face) many problems，such as what necessities to buy and how to deal with conflicts．Having suffered 5．from much stress，some of them choose to contact professional experts with the aim of seeking help and improving confidence．Besides，as is often the case，college students need to decide on how to spend the leisure time．6．Absorbed (absorb) in their definitely clear goals，some students don't chat online or surf the Internet．They don't stay with their laptops all day long for entertainment．To live up to their parents' expectations，they study hard to update their knowledge 7．eagerly (eager)，revise what they have learnt，participate in a wide range of attractive activities，apply to join organisations and meanwhile，serve as volunteers to make 8．contributions (contribute) to society．Due to their efforts，they become 9．more confident (confident) than before and have competence for many positions．Just as a saying goes，“No pain，no gain．” Only by hard work can you get ahead．All in all，it is the students themselves 10．who/that are responsible for their future．Will you intend to challenge yourselves or give up the effort？It's all up to you．
1．range [课本义]n．一系列；范围　[增补义]v．排列；(在一定的范围内)变化，变动
①Eating a wide range of fruit and vegetables is important，so some advice focuses on including different colours of food in our diets．
②When driving on highways，the driver must control his or her speed within/in the range of speed limiting．
　应用文写作之申请信
此外，我有广泛的爱好，从弹吉他到游泳。
①Besides，I have a wide range of hobbies，which range from playing the guitar to swimming．(定语从句)
②Besides，I have a wide range of hobbies，ranging from playing the guitar to swimming．(非谓语动词)
◎a range of一系列……
◎beyond/out of one's range超出某人的范围
◎in/within the range of在……范围之内
◎range from A to B/between A and B 在A到B之间变化
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)The temporary exhibition gallery has a wide range of art，craft(工艺) and local history exhibitions which changes every month．
临时展览馆有各种各样的艺术、工艺以及地方历史展览，这些展览每月都会更换。
2．convenient adj．方便的，便利的
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 3)It is certainly more convenient (convenient) to take out a mobile and make a call at the touch of a button than to press a series of long numbers on a telephone．
②I hope you can send me an answer at your convenience (convenient)．
　一句多译
方便的时候，你可以去参观一些你最喜欢的博物馆。
①You can visit some of your favourite museums at your convenience．(convenience)
②You can visit some of your favourite museums when it is convenient for you．(convenient)
◎be convenient for sb．对某人来说是方便的
◎It is convenient for sb．to do sth．对某人来说做某事很方便。
◎convenience n．方便；便利
◎at one's convenience在某人方便时
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)They have good reasons for driving their kids to school，mostly to do with safety and convenience．
他们开车送孩子上学有充分的理由，主要是为了安全和方便。
3．addict n．对……着迷的人
①(译林版必修第三册Unit 3)I was a smartphone addict．My eyes were glued to the little screen whenever I walked down the street，had dinner with friends or lay in bed at night．
②It is typical of Jane to buy lots of useless things online but she wants to seek ways to remove her addiction (addict) to it．
　句式升级
(普通表达)I am addicted to my cell phone，so I can't concentrate on my study．
(高级表达)Addicted to my cell phone，I can't concentrate on my study．(形容词短语作状语)
◎be/get addicted to (doing) sth．沉迷于(做)某事
◎addiction n．瘾；入迷；嗜好
◎addictive adj．使人入迷的
◎addicted adj．上瘾的；入迷的
◎I know that if I start watching a soap opera，I immediately become hopelessly addicted．
我知道自己只要一开始看连续剧，就会马上上瘾、无法自拔。
4．aim [课本义]n．目的，意图 vi．力求达到　[增补义]vt．& vi．瞄准；目的是
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 2)The organisation aims to rescue (rescue) and raise orphan elephants，and then return them to the wild．
②I am writing with the aim of asking you for advice on how to improve my pronunciation．
③The homeless guy walked aimlessly (aimless) along the road，not knowing where to go．
　应用文写作之通知
旨在唤起我们的环保意识的演讲比赛，将在我们学校的演讲厅举行。
The speech contest，aimed at arousing our awareness of environmental protection，will be held in the lecture hall of our school．(过去分词短语作定语)
◎with the aim of有……的目的
◎aim at瞄准；目的在于
◎be aimed at目的是；旨在
◎aim to do．．．旨在做……；力求达到……
◎aimless adj．无目的的
◎aimlessly adv．无目的地
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)What did the new study aim to explore
这项新研究旨在探索什么？
◎(2023·全国甲卷)Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home．
三分之二的人们旨在提高他们在家的舒适度。
5．distance n．[课本义]距离，间距　[增补义]远方；冷淡；疏远
①(外研版必修第一册Unit 4)Well，we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time，no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance (distant) we might have to come．
②While walking his dog in a park yesterday afternoon，Bob heard someone crying for help in the distance．
③After the quarrel，Susan remained cold and distant，so I had to keep her at a distance．
　读后续写之环境描写
据说远处有一棵有100年历史的大树。
In the distance is a big tree which is said to have a history of 100 years．
◎in the distance在远处；在远方
◎at/from a distance从远处；离一段距离
◎keep one's distance (from sb．/sth．)＝keep sb．/sth．at a distance与……保持距离
◎distant adj．遥远的；疏远的
◎(2024·浙江1月卷)There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile．To Eva，“a mile” was used to describe long distances．
没有什么比跑一英里更让她害怕的了。对伊娃来说，“一英里”是用来描述长距离的。
6．reduce vt．减少；降低；缩小
①(译林版必修第三册Unit 1)We've been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce (reduce) pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs．
②The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25．
③The workforce has been reduced by half．
　读后续写之环境描写
地震后，这个村庄变成了废墟。
The village was reduced to ruins after the earthquake．
◎reduce sth．from．．．to．．．从……减少到……
◎reduce to．．．减少到……
◎reduce by．．．减少了……
◎be reduced to沦落为(某种情况或状态)
◎reduction n．减少；缩小；降低
◎In my opinion，people should be banned from using plastic bags in order to reduce white pollution．
在我看来，为了减少白色污染，应该禁止人们使用塑料袋。
7．apply [课本义]vi．申请；请求　[增补义]vt．& vi．适用；涂抹于表面
①(人教版必修第一册Unit 2)Kate has been invited to a meeting in Iceland．She will apply for a visa soon．
②Students should apply themselves (them) to their study．
③Tom presented the manager with his application (apply)．
④After applying a little ointment to his hand，Jeff soon applied himself to cleaning (clean) up the kitchen．
　应用文写作之建议信
你应该立即亲自去或写信申请那个职位。
You should apply for the position immediately/at once，in person or by letter．
◎apply for申请
◎apply．．．to．．．把……应用于……
◎apply to．．．适用于……；对……有效
◎apply oneself (to sth．/to doing sth．)勤奋工作；努力学习
◎application n．申请；申请书；应用
◎applicant n．申请人
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application．
随着技术的发展，人们很容易借助移动应用程序对不同的物种进行观察。
8．contribution n．[课本义]贡献　[增补义]捐献物；捐款；稿件
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 6)Look at the three items that contribute to a carbon footprint．Add any more you can think of．
②He made a very positive contribution to the success of the project．
③I am sure your suggestion will contribute to solving (solve) the problem．
　读后续写之环境描写
道路崎岖曲折。更糟糕的是，暴雨给我们的行进带来了困难。
The road was rugged and winding．What's worse，the rainstorm contributed to the difficulties with our moving．
◎make a contribution to/towards为……做出贡献；向……捐款
◎contribute vt．捐助；撰稿；捐献
◎contribute sth．to/towards sth．向……捐献……；向……提供……(时间、精力等)
◎(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)It contributes much to cultural diversity．
它为文化多样性做出了巨大贡献。
◎It is well known that UV radiation contributes to the development of skin cancer．
众所周知，紫外线辐射会诱发皮肤癌。
9．intend vt．计划，打算，想要
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 2)Rather，the author intends to draw (draw) readers' attention to the topic and make them think about and take an interest in it．
②Their expedition was intended to prepare (prepare) them for their lifelong dream of climbing Qomolangma．
③He apologized for his comments and said he had no intention (intend) of offending the community．
　完成句子
我父母本来打算买一辆新卡车，但没有足够的钱。
My parents had intended to buy a new truck but couldn't get enough money to afford it．
◎intend to do/doing sth．打算做某事
◎intend sb．to do sth．打算让某人做某事
◎have intended to do sth．(＝intend to have done sth．)本打算做某事(但事实上没做)
◎be intended for/to do sth．旨在，预定……用途；为……打算(或设计)的
◎intention n．目的；意图；打算
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)It is intended for AI professionals．
它是为人工智能专业人士设计的。
10．adapt [课本义]vi．(使)适应　[增补义]vt．改编；改写
①(译林版必修第二册Unit 1)In 1967，Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film，which is widely regarded as a classic．
②Adapted from her book series of the same title，the movies are universally acknowledged as classics．
③After graduation from college，I gradually adapted myself to living (live) on my own．
　应用文写作之求助信
我写信是想请你对我们改编自一篇英语课文的英文短剧进行指导。
I'm writing to ask for your help with our English short play adapted from one English text．
◎adapt (oneself) to．．．某人适应……
◎adapt．．．from．．．根据……改编或改写……
◎adapt．．．into．．．将……改编成……
◎adapt．．．for．．．将……改编或调整以适应……
◎adaptable adj．能适应的，有适应能力的
◎adaptation n．改编(本)；适应
◎(2024·全国甲卷)Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work．
伊丽莎白·西姆斯分析了五部伟大小说的最后几章，看看其中包含了哪些关键点以及如何将其应用到自己的作品中。
11．get ahead 取得进步，获得成功
①Actually，we can all get ahead in our studies or work through hard work．
②A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers．
③Looking back on my past tough years，Mr Li gave me so much help that I could get over difficulties．
　应用文写作之人物描写
他为人随和，与人相处融洽。
He is easy-going and can get along/on well with others．
◎get across被传达；被理解
◎get over恢复；克服
◎get through通过；接通电话；完成
◎get away逃跑；离开
◎get along/on with与……相处融洽
◎get down to (doing．．．)开始(做……)
◎Seek out ways to get ahead and begin making plans．
寻找方法来获得成功并且开始制订计划。
12．as well as [课本义]……以及……　[增补义]和……一样
①(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 3)Carbon dioxide is released through human activities such as destroying forests and burning fossil fuel，as well as natural processes such as volcanic eruptions．
②Lily as well as her parents is (be) very fond of classical music．
　应用文写作之传统文化
这些画作极好，画家的才华和中国传统文化的魅力给我留下了深刻的印象。
So fantastic are the paintings that I am deeply impressed by the talent of the painters as well as the charm of traditional Chinese culture．
◎as well as还有“不但……而且……”之意，强调的是前者，所以当它连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由前者决定。
◎(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)The goal was twofold: to celebrate cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six tongues．
目标有两个：一是颂扬文化多样性，二是推动所有六种语言的平等使用。
13．[教材原句]However，not everything lived up to Zhang Tian's hopes．(部分否定)
但是，不是每件事都像张天希望的那样。
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)Not everyone agrees (agree) on which is the most important．Some people say health．Others say things like a good job．
②The businessman is never to be entirely (entire) trusted．
③Both of his parents are not teachers．
　一句多译
事实上，不是所有的网络资源都对我们有益。
①Actually，not all the online resources are beneficial to us．
②Actually，all the online resources are not beneficial to us．
◎all，both，every，everybody，everything，completely，always，whole，entirely 等与not连用，均构成部分否定。
◎Sometimes not everything works out perfectly—and that's OK!
有的时候并不是每件事都能进展顺利——这没什么大不了的！
14．[教材原句]What made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read，speak and write in English，and they became more confident in learning．(what引导主语从句)
让他感到欣慰的是，他的学生能够读、说、写英语，并且在学习上更有信心了。
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)Tim is not sure what he wants to be in the future．
②I made a list of what we needed to buy in the supermarket．
③What amazed everyone was that the shy student delivered such a powerful speech．
　读后续写之心理描写
让我焦虑的是她是否会因为我的过错而不再帮我。
What makes me anxious is whether she will stop helping me because of my faults．
◎what 除了引导主语从句外，还可以引导宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
◎what引导名词性从句时，在句中可充当从句的主语、宾语或表语。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients．
对兽医有效的方法似乎对他的病人也有效。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．Tod is worried that he has become an addict to addictive alcohol．Though he has tried all means to rid himself of the addiction，he is still addicted to it．(addict)
2．I am sorry for the inconvenience caused by my mistake．Is it convenient for you to pick up your parcel another time？Please reply to me at your earliest convenience．(convenient)
3．Coming to the Tea Expo，you can have a taste of a large variety of tea and enjoy various tea art shows，varying from making perfect cups of tea to appreciating tea sets．(vary)
4．With confidence (confident)，I was firmly convinced that I could get a satisfying score in the next assignment．
5．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The differences (differ) between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties．
6．As for the reasons for this decision，first of all，being a doctor can save lives，and seeing my patients recover will definitely (definite) give me a huge sense of achievement．
7．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) In these chapters，I examine issues such as the importance of solitude (独处) and the necessity (necessary)of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spent on mindless device use．
8．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world，it's actually (actual) concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots．
9．(2023·全国甲卷)Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier，less stressed (stress) and even more optimistic．
10．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation (present)．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．tough
A．结实的　B．强壮的　C．嚼不烂的　D．强硬的；严厉的　E．艰苦的
(1)Are you sure you're physically tough enough for this job？ B
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids． E
(3)Meanwhile，in those countries where the shawls (披肩) are sold，police are getting tough with the dealers． D
(4)Asparagus (芦笋) is by nature tender and tasty at one end，but gets tough and difficult to eat at the other end． C
(5)Harvard researchers have created a tough，low-cost，biodegradable (可生物降解的) material inspired by insects' hard outer shells． A
2．arise
A．起床　B．由……引起　C．起身　D．出现
(1)Seeing his mother return home，the boy arose from his chair immediately． C
(2)New problems will arise one after another in the future． D
(3)They arose at sunrise to get an early start to the park． A
(4)The problem arose from lack of experience． B
3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Whether you paint still lifes，portraits，or landscapes，paint from life as much as possible． A
A．模特，实物　　　　B．生活　　　　C．生命
4．The government is aiming at a 50% reduction in unemployment． A
A．力求达到 　　　B．瞄准　　　C．目标
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．不是每个人都能成为冠军，重在参与。(部分否定)
Not everyone can be a champion，and participation is the most important．
2．你昨晚没睡好，今天发困不足为奇。(It is not surprising that．．．)
You didn't sleep well last night，so it is not surprising that you feel sleepy today．
3．我很激动你今年暑假要来我们城市旅游。(主语＋be＋表示情绪的形容词＋that从句)
I am very excited that you are coming to our city for a visit this summer vacation．
4．我真的希望尽快收到你的回复。(do强调谓语)
I do hope to receive your reply as soon as possible．
假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom写信询问你的高中生活。请你用英文给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1．简要介绍学校生活；
2．英语学习情况。
　写作微练
①我很高兴你关心我的新学校生活，我写信告诉你一些关于我高中生活的事情。(delight；senior high)
I'm delighted that you are concerned about my new school life and I'm writing to tell you something about my senior high school life．
②我已经非常适应这里的校园生活了。这里的生活是如此丰富多彩和有吸引力。(adapt)
I have quite adapted to the campus life here．It is so colourful and attractive．
③这儿有各种各样的课外活动和俱乐部。它可以帮助我学习和放松。(various)
There are various after-class activities and clubs．It can help me learn and relax．
④我的同学都很友好，充满活力。我们老师的教学方法很有趣，与以前的老师不同。(different)
My classmates are very friendly and dynamic．Our teachers' teaching methods are interesting and different from the ones of my previous teachers．
⑤高中英语更具挑战性，让我感到更有压力，但在英语老师的帮助下，我一直在取得进步。我有信心，如果我继续努力，我能学好它。(challenging)
English in senior high school is more challenging and makes me feel more stressed，but I've been making progress with my English teacher's help．I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard．
⑥我很喜欢我在新学校的生活。你呢？ 期待你的早日答复。(do强调谓语)
I do enjoy my life in my new school．How about you Looking forward to your early reply．
　句式升级
⑦将②合并成一个因果句
I have quite adapted to the campus life here，for it is so colourful and attractive．
⑧用定语从句改写③中的句子
There are various after-class activities and clubs，which can help me learn and relax．
　妙笔成篇
Dear Tom，
How is everything going I'm delighted that you are concerned about my new school life and I'm writing to tell you something about my senior high school life．
First，I have quite adapted to the campus life here，for it is so colourful and attractive．There are various after-class activities and clubs，which can help me learn and relax．Besides，my classmates are very friendly and dynamic．Our teachers' teaching methods are interesting and different from the ones of my previous teachers．In addition，English in senior high school is more challenging and makes me feel more stressed，but I've been making progress with my English teacher's help．I am confident that I can learn it well if I keep working hard．
All in all，I do enjoy my life in my new school．How about you Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours，
Li Hua
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 动作描写：recover；challenge；chat；drag；get ahead；remove；seek；inspire；apply to；give up；deal with
人物描写：dynamic；confidence→confident；competence→competent；responsible；stress→stressed；professional；eager
美句 1．As the popular saying goes，“Every minute counts！” Set a goal and get ahead! 2．In front of the classrooms，there was a playground which got dusty on windy days and muddy on rainy days． 3．The thought of leaving once flashed through his mind，but he quickly gave up the idea and found ways to deal with the challenges．
拓展 语料 单词 overjoyed adj．狂喜的；glad adj．高兴的；giggle v．& n．咯咯笑；cheer/joy n．高兴→cheerful/joyful adj．高兴的；delight n．开心→delighted adj．开心的；pleasure n．高兴，开心→pleased adj．开心的；满意的→pleasant adj．令人愉快的，宜人的；happy adj．高兴的→happily adv．高兴地→happiness n．快乐，幸福；merry adj．高兴的→merrily adv．高兴地
语块 to one's delight/joy/entertainment令某人开心的是；be wild with joy/delight/happiness欣喜若狂；dance/jump for/with joy高兴地跳起舞来/跳起来；be delighted/pleased beyond description高兴得无法形容；grin from ear to ear咧嘴大笑；a sense/wave of joy and happiness sweeps/floods over sb．一种喜悦和幸福感涌上某人的心头；in high/cheerful spirits兴高采烈；be seized by joy/be overcome with happiness非常高兴；beam with smiles笑逐颜开；laugh heartily开怀大笑；a mixture of excitement and delight 既兴奋又开心
句型 1．The thought of the moments shared with my grandpa filled me with great joy．(无灵主语句) 一想到与爷爷共度的时光，我就充满了喜悦。 2．The children were thrilled/wild with joy at the sight of various presents．(人物描写) 孩子们一看到各种各样的礼物便欣喜若狂。 3．Then came a voice far from where we were，bathing us in extreme joy．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 接着，从远处传来一个声音，使我们沉浸在极大的欢乐中。 4．She stepped onto the platform，a bright smile across her face．(独立主格结构) 她走上讲台，脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。 5．Hearing the good news，he jumped up and down with joy．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 听到这个好消息，他欢欣雀跃。 6．She hummed and skipped in the forest like a bird．(动作描写；比喻) 她像鸟儿一样在森林里哼哼跳跳。 7．She came forward with a smile on her face，and told the young girl it was good of her to come．(with的复合结构) 她脸上含着一丝微笑走向前来，告诉这位年轻姑娘，她的到来使她很高兴。 8．A wave of joy/pleasure flooded over him．(无灵主语句) 一阵喜悦涌上他的心头。 9．Her smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds．(动词-ing形式短语作后置定语；比喻) 她的微笑就像冲破云层的太阳。
　语料运用
①一想到选择未来的职业，我们就欣喜若狂。(无灵主语句)
The thought of choosing the future career filled us with great joy．
②使我们感到兴奋的是，我们就应该选择哪条职业道路进行了激烈的辩论。(to one's＋名词)
To our excitement，we had a heated debate over which career path we should choose．
③我们负责任的班长脸上带着灿烂如钻石般的笑容，告诉我们他渴望成为一名医生。(with的复合结构)
Our responsible monitor told us that he was eager to be a doctor，with a smile on his face shining like a diamond．
④他的脸上洋溢着笑容，他灿烂的笑容照亮了教室，我的同桌说他期待成为一名工程师。(独立主格结构)
His face beaming and his bright smile lighting up the classroom，my deskmate said he looked forward to becoming an engineer．
⑤我们的校长看到我们，满意地点头，她的微笑像花朵一样绽放。(比喻)
Seeing us，our head teacher nodded with satisfaction and her smile bloomed like a flower．
⑥她叮嘱我们要专心学习，这样才能实现我们的梦想。(apply．．．to．．．)
She told us to apply ourselves to studying so that we could achieve our dreams．
课时数智作业(一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2025·浙江台州模拟)
As the excitement of the Summer Olympics attracts audiences worldwide，it presents a golden opportunity to inspire our younger generation not just in sports but in the fields of Science，Technology，Engineering，and Mathematics (STEM)．These disciplines，often perceived as complex，can be made accessible and enjoyable through the lens of the Olympics．Here，we explore a series of innovative STEM challenges designed for both lower elementary and upper elementary students，aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning．
Surfing STEM Challenge
The Surfing STEM Challenge invites students to explore the fascinating world of magnetic forces (磁力) by keeping a surfer suspended in mid-air．Using a magnetic stick，students guide the surfer's track，mirroring the fluid movements of surfing waves．
Basketball STEM Challenge
The Basketball STEM Challenge attracts students by tasking them with inventing a basketball game tailored for one-handed play，making use of materials at hand．The activity highlights the importance of creativity，engineering capability，and collaborative effort，all within the vibrant atmosphere of the Summer Olympics．
Skateboarding STEM Activity
The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard，along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills．It's an engaging way to connect with the dynamic world of skateboarding in the Summer Olympics，encouraging teamwork，innovation，and hands-on learning．
Golf STEM Challenge
The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course，along with creating their own golf club．This innovative approach to learning not only brings the spirit of the Summer Olympics into the classroom but also fosters teamwork，problem-solving，and a deeper understanding of the scientific concepts behind the game of golf．
Click Here to find out more information．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四项结合夏季奥运会的STEM挑战活动，旨在通过体育运动激发小学生对科学、技术、工程和数学的兴趣和学习热情，同时培养他们的创造力、团队合作能力和解决问题的能力。
1．What is the main goal of the STEM challenges described in the passage？(　　)
A．To train students for future careers in STEM．
B．To encourage students' curiosity and love for learning．
C．To help students understand complex scientific theories．
D．To promote the importance of sports and physical activity．
B　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“．．．aimed at sparking their curiosity and fostering a love for learning．”可知，文章描述的STEM挑战的主要目标是激发学生的好奇心并培养他们对学习的热爱。故选B项。]
2．Which two STEM challenges encourage students to build something physical？(　　)
A．Surfing STEM Challenge and Golf STEM Challenge．
B．Surfing STEM Challenge and Basketball STEM Challenge．
C．Skateboarding STEM Activity and Golf STEM Challenge．
D．Basketball STEM Challenge and Skateboarding STEM Activity．
C　[细节理解题。根据文章Skateboarding STEM Activity部分的第一句“The Skateboarding STEM Activity challenges students to craft a small skateboard，along with constructing a skatepark to demonstrate their fingerboarding skills．”和Golf STEM Challenge部分的第一句“The Golf STEM Challenge tasks students with the exciting project of designing and building a mini golf course，along with creating their own golf club．”可知，滑板STEM活动和高尔夫STEM挑战都鼓励学生制作实体物品，即滑板和迷你高尔夫球场。故选C项。]
3．Where is this passage most likely to be found？(　　)
A．An educational website．
B．A travel blog．
C．A scientific report．
D．A sports magazine．
A　[文章出处题。根据文章第一段的最后一句可知，文章主要介绍了几个与奥运会相关的STEM挑战，旨在激发学生的好奇心和学习热情。这种内容更符合教育类网站的特点，文章并未涉及旅游、科学研究的具体报告或体育杂志的内容。故选A项。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025年1月·八省高考适应性考试)
Jim Johnson，a mail carrier，was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland，Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods，just north of downtown Wilmington，where he delivered much more than the mail．He knew all the kids and their pets by name；he carried in the groceries；he took note of unlocked doors，offered gardening advice，and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball．When he wasn't doing all that，Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns(草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise．
Though the postal service is often disparaged now，the trust in local postal service lives on．In many communities，that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine，greeting cards，social security checks，college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses．
After more than three decades，Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other．He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day．Butch，a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors，was waiting just like every day before．And just like every day before，he got into the jump seat and they were off．On the route，Jim and Butch had become inseparable．Now，the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together．At every stop，Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own．There were tears and laughter，and hugs filled with warm memories．
It's been 33 years since Jim left the route，but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier．That's what the postal service means to us．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了邮递员Jim Johnson在Wilmington北部社区服务的故事。他不仅尽职送信，还记得每个孩子和宠物的名字，帮忙送杂货，提供园艺建议。工作33年后退休时，他与一条名叫Butch的狗成为好友。虽然现在邮政服务常受批评，但像Jim这样的邮递员为社区带来的温暖和信任一直被人们铭记。
4．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph？(　　)
A．He's open-minded． B．He's sharp-eyed．
C．He's warm-hearted． D．He's strong-willed．
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors，offered gardening advice，and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball．”可知，Jim不仅送信，还帮助居民做很多事情，记住每个孩子和宠物的名字，帮忙送杂货，关注居民安全，教孩子们打球，这些行为都体现了他热心善良的性格特征。故选C。]
5．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean？(　　)
A．Refused． B．Criticized．
C．Investigated． D．Suspended．
B　[词义猜测题。第二段提到 “Though the postal service is often disparaged now，the trust in local postal service lives on．”，从上下文可以看出，这里形成转折关系，虽然邮政服务现在经常受到负面评价，但人们依然信任邮递员。因此“disparaged”表示“受到批评”的意思。故选B。]
6．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work？(　　)
A．He drove Butch to its owner．
B．He sent presents to his friends．
C．He prepared a retirement party．
D．He said goodbye to the neighbors．
D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop，Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own．There were tears and laughter，and hugs filled with warm memories．” 可知，在最后的工作日，Jim在每个停靠点都接受了居民们的道别祝福。故选D。]
7．What is the author's purpose of writing the text？(　　)
A．To remember a respected mail carrier．
B．To record an unforgettable experience．
C．To raise funds for the postal service．
D．To call for harmony in the community．
A　[写作意图题。通过全文，特别是最后一段中“It's been 33 years since Jim left the route，but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier．” 可以看出，作者的写作目的是要纪念这位受人尊敬的邮递员Jim，展现他与社区之间建立的深厚情谊。故选A。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·河南部分市模拟)
You hate me．You don't even know me and you hate me．Before we've even spoken，you hate me．At least that's how it feels on my end of the call as a female collections officer at a call centre．
I dread the moment when I have to log on to our phone system first thing in the morning because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call．
Sometimes it's an easy task．The caller is pleasant and has accepted personal responsibility for their debts，and we get through the phone call with ease．Then there are the ones who call in looking for a fight，or looking for someone to blame．Through the luck of the phone system，that person is me．
I've had people who shout at me，call me horrible names，accuse me personally of taking their money and threaten me．Why I think it's because I am invisible．I think I would be treated with the same level of disrespect if we were face to face．Fortunately for me，I have had years of experience in customer service，so I'm fairly rich in not letting the negative encounters bother me．
The biggest and most effective skill when it comes to the job is empathy (同理心)．I can appreciate the situation which the caller is in because I've been there．That's why I'm good at my job—I understand what you're going through，and I'm here to help．
Some days though，no matter how much I try to leave the stress behind when I hang up the phone，it stays with me．I may do some deep breathing，go for a quick walk or simply stick my head outside for a burst of fresh air．I do this so I don't carry that negativity on to my next call．That next call may be a person having the worst day of their life，but I don't want to ever be the one who makes it worse．We are all humans just trying to get by in life，which makes you and me equal．So please，the next time we talk，remember that．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名客服的感悟，并呼吁人们理解她的工作。
8．What does the underlined word “dread” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　)
A．Enjoy． B．Fear．
C．Expect． D．Avoid．
B　[词义猜测题。根据文章第一段和第二段中的“．．．because I never know who is going to be on the other end of that call．”可知，作者对于电话另一端的未知感到恐惧，画线词所在的句子意思是：我害怕早上第一件事就是登录我们的电话系统。由此可知，dread意为“害怕”。故选B。]
9．Why does the author think some callers treat her badly？(　　)
A．They get angry too easily．
B．They blame her for their debts．
C．They do not see her as a real person．
D．They accuse her of taking their money．
C　[推理判断题。根据文章第四段前三句可推知，作者认为一些打电话的人对她不友好是因为他们没有把她当作一个真实的人。故选C。]
10．Why does the author think she is good at her job？(　　)
A．She can offer callers best advice．
B．She is always respected by callers．
C．She can put herself in others' shoes．
D．She isn't easily influenced by negativity．
C　[推理判断题。根据文章第五段可推知，作者认为她很擅长自己的工作是因为她能设身处地地为别人着想。故选C。]
11．What is the author's main purpose of writing this text？(　　)
A．To call for understanding of her job．
B．To explain why she is good at her job．
C．To introduce what she is responsible for．
D．To complain about her being treated badly．
A　[写作意图题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们理解她的工作。故选A。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2024·海南一模)
Elmer Whitaker sighed as he looked over his muddy crops．A terrible 1 had swept through his farm the night before，and his crops were now covered in 2 and destroyed．His neighbor，a kind young man named Thomas， 3 to offer his help．
“What a disaster．”Whitaker said．“My whole family has always survived on the harvests of this field．I feel 4 and don't know what to do now．”
Thomas calmed him down and thought for a moment．“I see this not as a disaster but as an 5 ，” he said．Whitaker looked at him 6 ．“How can it be？” he asked．Thomas smiled 7 ， “Now you have a chance to try something new．You've always grown beans and cabbages．Why not try planting 8 crops that will also fit in this soil You can diversify and therefore 9 your farm once again．”
Elmer Whitaker considered this．Thomas was right—he had become set in his ways．This disaster could push him to make his farm 10 and sustainable in a new way．“You have 11 me，” Whitaker said．He clapped Thomas on the back．“Thank you for showing me the opportunity in this difficulty．”
And so Whitaker 12 new crops and soon，the farm was full of life again．Farmers from neighboring towns were 13 with the wonder of Whitaker's field，and they began to 14 their crops as well．Elmer Whitaker's farm has become a 15 of adaptability and hope，telling everyone that in every storm，there is a chance for new growth．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Elmer Whitaker的农场受灾后，开始多样化种植作物。
(　　)1．A．force　　　　　 B．smoke
C．war D．storm
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文的“he looked over his muddy crops”和后文的“What a disaster．”可知，这是一场灾难，而且灾难过后农场被泥土覆盖，所以结合选项可知，storm符合语境。故选D。]
(　　)2．A．mud B．grass
C．mist D．dust
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据前文的“he looked over his muddy crops”可知，Whitaker看着泥泞的庄稼，所以他的庄稼现在是被泥浆覆盖。故选A。]
(　　)3．A．went on B．set off
C．came by D．burst in
C　[考查动词短语辨析。根据前文的“his crops were now covered in ________ and destroyed”和后文的“to offer his help”可知，他的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖，被摧毁了，所以一个名叫Thomas的善良的年轻人是过来帮忙。故选C。]
(　　)4．A．special B．desperate
C．sensitive D．tireless
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文的“his crops were now covered in ________ and destroyed”和“My whole family has always survived on the harvests of this field．”可知，他的庄稼现在被泥土覆盖，被摧毁了，他的全家一直靠这片田地的收成生存，所以他感到绝望。故选B。]
(　　)5．A．opportunity B．agreement
C．intention D．element
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据后文的“Now you have a chance to try something new．”可知，现在有机会尝试新事物，所以Thomas认为这不是灾难，而是机会。故选A。]
(　　)6．A．as usual B．in disbelief
C．on purpose D．with pride
B　[考查固定短语辨析。根据后文的“How can it be？”可知，Whitaker认为这不可能，觉得难以置信。故选B。]
(　　)7．A．innocently B．gratefully
C．politely D．cheerfully
D　[考查副词词义辨析。根据前文的“smiled”和后文的“Now you have a chance to try something new．”可知，Thomas认为现在Whitaker有机会尝试新事物了，所以高兴地笑着说。故选D。]
(　　)8．A．major B．traditional
C．different D．natural
C　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文的“You can diversify”可知，Thomas建议Whitaker多样化种植，即种植不同的作物。故选C。]
(　　)9．A．restore B．exchange
C．donate D．abandon
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文的“his crops were now covered in ________ and destroyed”和后文的“your farm once again”可知，Whitaker的庄稼现在被泥浆覆盖，被摧毁了，所以此处指尝试种植适合这种土壤的不同作物，从而再次恢复农场。故选A。]
(　　)10．A．formal B．diverse
C．realistic D．obvious
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文的“You can diversify”和“Thomas was right—he had become set in his ways．”可知，Thomas建议Whitaker多样化种植，Whitaker认为Thomas是对的，应该使他的农场多样化。故选B。]
(　　)11．A．informed B．demanded
C．enlightened D．promised
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文的“This disaster could push him to make his farm ________ and sustainable in a new way．”可知，Whitaker认为Thomas是对的，认为这场灾难可能会促使他以一种新的方式使他的农场多样化和可持续发展，所以Whitaker认为Thomas启发了自己。故选C。]
(　　)12．A．tasted B．planted
C．shared D．received
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据后文的“new crops and soon，the farm was full of life again”可知，农场又充满了生机，所以可以看出Whitaker种上了新作物。故选B。]
(　　)13．A．careful B．troubled
C．familiar D．impressed
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文的“with the wonder of Whitaker's field”可知，邻近城镇的农民对Whitaker的神奇田地印象深刻。故选D。]
(　　)14．A．diversify B．remove
C．deliver D．observe
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文的“You can diversify”“Thomas was right”和后文的“their crops as well”可知，Whitaker种上了多种作物，邻近城镇的农民也开始多样化种植作物。故选A。]
(　　)15．A．manner B．dream
C．symbol D．cause
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据后文的“of adaptability and hope，telling everyone that in every storm，there is a chance for new growth”可知，Elmer Whitaker的农场已经成为适应性和希望的象征。故选C。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2025·甘肃白银联考)
假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚网友Julia在邮件中提到，最近的一次考试打击了她的自信心，让她对自己的学习能力产生了怀疑。请你给她回一封邮件，内容包括：
1．表示理解；
2．提出建议；
3．给予鼓励。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear Julia，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Julia，
I'm so sorry to hear about your recent exam experience．Please know that everyone has setbacks，and it's completely understandable to feel disheartened．Remember，one exam doesn't define your entire learning ability．Therefore，don't worry．
During these tough times we must be kind to ourselves．You should take this as a learning opportunity and believe in your capacity to improve．Stay positive and don't let this shake your confidence．I suggest you break down your study tasks into manageable parts and tackle them one by one．
You've always been a dedicated student，and I'm sure you'll bounce back stronger．
Yours，
Li Hua
课时数智作业(二)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
For lots of kids，toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship．Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships，the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults．Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors，such as kindness，sharing，and cooperation．
Even so，how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament(性格)．Some toddlers are very social，but others are shy．In addition，the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship．Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior．
This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior．Regardless of how much they like a playmate，they may still grab his toys，refuse to share，and get bossy．But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age．Through play experiences，toddlers learn social rules．That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are．When you establish these guidelines，explain the reasons behind them．
Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying．What's making him so sad？”)，then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball．”)．When your child shares or shows empathy toward a friend，praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better．”)．
Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words not fists to express how they feel．It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime．Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry，so schedule playtime when they're refreshed．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了孩子学习社会互动和友谊的过程，强调了父母在引导孩子如何表达情感、同理心以及遵守交际规则方面所扮演的关键角色。
1．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior？(　　)
A．They are interested in acting．
B．They are shy with the strangers．
C．They are fond of their playmates．
D．They are tired of playing games．
C　[细节理解题。文章明确指出，研究发现幼儿通过模仿朋友的行为来表达“我喜欢你”，这是表现出他们对玩伴的喜爱的方式。故选C。]
2．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids？(　　)
A．Design games for them．
B．Find suitable playmates for them．
C．Play together with them．
D．Help them understand social rules．
D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中“it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are”并结合作者提到要教孩子同理心和如何处理问题以及在孩子表现出同理心时对其进行表扬可知，文章强调父母在教孩子理解社交规则方面所扮演的角色。故选D。]
3．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4？(　　)
A．Give examples． B．Explain concepts．
C．Provide evidence． D．Make comparisons．
A　[推理判断题。引用语句(如“Ben is crying．What's making him so sad？”和“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play with the ball．”等)是作者用来具体说明如何教孩子同理心的例子，通过这些具体的情景引导父母正确地教孩子同理心。这些例子直接展示了作者的建议。故选A。]
4．Which of the following is the best title for the text？(　　)
A．How Children Adapt to Changes
B．How to Be a Role Model for Children
C．How Your Baby Learns to Love
D．How to Communicate with Your Kid
C　[标题归纳题。整篇文章聚焦于幼儿如何在早期发展阶段学习形成积极的人际关系，并通过交友和玩耍练习社交行为，如体贴、分享和合作，同时强调父母不仅能在孩子理解社会规则的旅程上指导他们，还在帮助孩子学会爱方面扮演着关键角色。因此，“孩子如何学会去爱”最适合作文章标题。故选C。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2025·山东德州模拟)
Letting Go of What Holds You Back
The truth is，we all only have a limited amount of time and energy each day． 1 Does that sound familiar We've all been there—feeling overwhelmed，as if carrying a heavy load on our backs．Whether it's physical stuff in your living space or metaphorical (比喻的) trash in life，it's time for a spring cleaning．
2 To do one thing well，you must have the concentration and go all out．Once Warren Buffet famously said，“Really successful people say no to almost everything．” He accumulated wealth by focusing laser-like on one thing—investing，and excelled in it by declining every other shiny distraction that crossed his path．
Reflecting on our life，we've unconsciously collected mental and emotional “junk”．Maybe it's excessive TV watching，continuous gaming，tiring friendships，aimless social media consumption．Honestly，I'll bet we could all name at least one TV show we've been absorbed in out of boredom instead of doing something productive．So the first step is taking stock of exactly what's weighing you down each day．Then it's time to start de-junking，but go slow． 3 Try dumping one thing per week so it's manageable．
Another sneaky trick is to replace bad habits with good alternatives，like switching from endless browsing on social media to learning a new skill instead． 4
Once the unnecessary weight is lifted off，you will have so much extra mental space and energy． 5 So say bye-bye to all the things holding you back and watch your success skyrocket as a result．Your future self will thank you．
A．Detail the time you spend on activities each week．
B．As a saying goes，jack (千斤顶) of all trades，master of none．
C．Throwing everything out at once will just leave you stressed out．
D．Or put away your phone while working，so you're not distracted．
E．When it comes to letting go of trouble causers，you have many alternatives．
F．Suddenly barriers seem not so tough when you're not battling ten things at once．
G．If we shoulder more than we can，we'll end up exhausted and going nowhere．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章建议我们应该摆脱生活中那些阻碍我们前进的东西，从而拥有更多的精力和空间去追求成功。
1．G　[上文“The truth is，we all only have a limited amount of time and energy each day．”指出我们每天的时间和精力有限，G项承接上文，说明过度承担的后果，与上文构成因果关系，符合语境。故选G项。]
2．B　[下文“To do one thing well，you must have the concentration and go all out．”表达了要专注于一件事，B项意思是如果做的事情太多太杂，就无法精通，与下文的观点一致。故选B项。]
3．C　[上文“Then it's time to start de-junking，but go slow．”提出要开始清理，但要慢慢来，C项解释了为什么要慢慢来，上下文语意一致。故选C项。]
4．D　[上文“Another sneaky trick is to replace bad habits with good alternatives，like switching from endless browsing on social media to learning a new skill instead．”举例说明了用好习惯替代坏习惯，D项也是一个用好习惯替代坏习惯的例子，与上文构成并列关系。故选D项。]
5．F　[上文“Once the unnecessary weight is lifted off，you will have so much extra mental space and energy．”提到摆脱不必要的负担后会有更多的精神空间和精力，F项进一步说明摆脱负担后的好处，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·广东深圳模拟)
Every year during the Spring Festival，a small village puts on a special show．It's about －15 ℃， and a man dressed in a straw hat and sheepskin coat 1． __________ (throw) spoon after spoon of heavy molten iron (铁水) at a massive，icy wall．The collision (碰撞) between the 1，600 ℃ liquid metal and the frozen brick creates a waterfall of sparks (火花) 2． __________ (fall) over him，equally beautiful and dangerous．
This is a performance 3． __________ requires extraordinary courage，skill and strength．Known as Da Shuhua，it has a history of 500 years in Nuanquan，a highly-developed steel town．Da Shuhua translates literally into “beating down the tree flowers”，4． __________ agricultural activity of hitting fruit trees to stimulate growth．
In ancient times，fireworks weren't always 5． __________ (wide) affordable．So people in Nuanquan made use of scrap iron and developed Da Shuhua as a way 6． __________ (celebrate) festivals．As a result，they brought firework displays 7． __________ a whole new level．
Today，Da Shuhua has become more popular than ever，due to 8． __________ (ban) on fireworks to reduce air pollution in some parts of China．Every year，this unique firework display attracts tons of people in spite of the freezing cold weather 9． __________draws attention for its protection．Since 2021，it 10． __________ (list) as an intangible cultural heritage of China．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“打树花”表演。这是一项需要非凡勇气、技巧和力量的表演。自2021年起，它被列为中国非物质文化遗产。
1．throws/is throwing　[考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据空前的“It's”和空后的“creates”可知，本段应该使用throws，一般现在时态；或is throwing，现在进行时态，用于描绘打树花的画面。故填throws/is throwing。]
2．falling　[考查非谓语动词。此处为“掉落在他身上的火花”，其中sparks和fall之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应该使用动词-ing形式作后置定语。故填falling。]
3．which/that　[考查定语从句。先行词为performance，指物，在定语从句中充当主语成分，从句应该由关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。]
4．an　[考查冠词。打树花是一种农业活动，表泛指，且agricultural的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。]
5．widely　[考查副词。此处应该用副词来修饰形容词affordable。故填widely。]
6．to celebrate　[考查非谓语动词。固定结构为a way to do sth．。故填to celebrate。]
7．to　[考查介词。固定搭配：bring．．．to．．．“把……带到……”。故填 to。]
8．bans　[考查名词复数。due to“由于”；“禁令”ban是可数名词，此处应该用名词复数。故填bans。]
9．and　[考查连词。空前的“attracts tons of people”与空后的“draws attention for its protection”形成并列关系。故填and。]
10．has been listed　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句子主语it和谓语动词list之间是被动关系，再根据空前的“Since”可知，应该用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语it为单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填has been listed。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2025·广东部分学校联考)
The Gratitude Jar
Once upon a time in a small town，there lived a woman named Emily．Emily was known for her warm smile and compassionate heart．Despite facing life's challenges，she carried an atmosphere of gratitude that inspired everyone who knew her．
One day，Emily came across an old，dusty jar in the corner of an antique shop．Interested，she picked it up and noticed a small label that read，“The Gratitude Jar．”The shopkeeper explained that the jar was meant for collecting moments of gratitude—tiny notes that captured the essence (本质) of thankfulness．
Excited by the idea，Emily decided to start a journey of gratitude．Each day before the sun dipped below the horizon，she would sit down with her Gratitude Jar and reflect on the blessings of the day．From the warmth of the morning sun to the laughter of children playing in the park，Emily found joy in the simple things．She set down the joy in different tiny notes and put them into the jar．
As the days turned into weeks and the weeks into months，Emily's jar began to fill with an abundance of notes of gratitude．She was amazed at how her perspective on life had shifted．Instead of thinking about what she lacked，Emily focused on the richness of what she had—the love of family，the support of friends and the beauty of the world around her．
One chilly autumn evening，Emily faced an unexpected challenge．The news of a job loss cast a shadow over her sunny disposition．Feeling a mix of uncertainty and fear，Emily sat down with her Gratitude Jar，wondering if she could find anything to be thankful for in such a trying time．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
As she read through the gratitude notes in the jar，something magical happened．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Two weeks after the application，she received a letter for her new employment．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
As she read through the gratitude notes in the jar，something magical happened．Each tiny piece of gratitude became a beacon of hope，a reminder that even in difficult times，there was always something to appreciate．Emily found comfort in the support of her loved ones，the strength within herself，and the countless blessings that had woven themselves into the fabric of her life．Then she began to prepare new skills for the company that she dreamed of working in．After that she sent an application to the company．
Two weeks after the application，she received a letter for her new employment．She was so excited to be hired by the company and she was grateful for her efforts and positive perspective on life．From then on，she was more willing to do good deeds for others and she even encouraged others to embrace gratitude as a way of life，emphasizing that even in the darkest moments，a glimmer of light could be found through a thankful heart．
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