资源简介

核心 词汇 1．ocean n．海洋，大海 2．desert n．沙漠 3．recycle vi．& vt．再利用，回收利用 4．flat n．一套公寓房，一套住房 adj．平坦的 5．root n．树根 6．shoot n．芽，苗；嫩枝vt．射中；射击 7．firm adj．坚实的；稳固的 8．poster n．海报 9．profit n．盈利，利润 10．pm n．下午 11．union n．联合会 12．contented adj．满意的；满足的 13．region n．地区，区域 14．slim adj．微小的；苗条的；薄的 15．rate n．比率，率 16．overcome vt．克服(困难)；控制(感情) 17．former adj．以前的，从前的 18．current adj．当前的，现时的 19．ordinary adj．普通的；平常的 20．therefore adv．因此；由此 21．path n．小径，小道 22．destination n．目的地；终点 23．resident n．居民 24．attitude n．看法；态度 25．plastic adj．塑料制的 26．sum vt．概括，总结 27．overflow vi．& vt．满是，有许多；泛滥
阅读 词汇 1．tap n．龙头；阀门 2．tissue n．纸巾 3．smog n．雾霾 4．battery n．电池 5．carbon n．碳 6．just-me-ism n．以自我为中心，自我中心主义 7．gallon n．加仑 8．institute n．机构；研究院 9．chimpanzee n．黑猩猩 10．brick n．砖，砖块 11．wag vi．& vt．(狗)摇(尾巴) 12．quote n．引文，引用(的话) 13．headstone n．墓碑 14．county n．县 15．pedal vi．& vt．骑n．踏板 16．diagram n．图解，示意图 17．disposable adj．一次性的，用完即丢弃的 18．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 19．honey n．蜂蜜 20．butter n．黄油，牛油 21．yoghurt n．酸奶 22．air conditioning n．空调系统 23．landfill n．废弃物填埋场 24．clean-burning adj．清洁焚烧的 25．waste-to-energy adj．以垃圾作为能源的 26．footwear n．鞋类 27．near-surface adj．近地表的 28．build-up n．增长；加强
拓展 词汇 1．global adj．全球的，全世界的→globe n．球体；地球→globally adv．全球地，全世界地 2．industrial adj．工业的→industry n．工业 3．extinction n．灭绝→extinct adj．灭绝的 4．solution n．解决办法→solve v．解决 5．electricity n．电→electric adj．电动的→electrical adj．与电有关的→electronic adj．电子的 6．transport n．交通运输系统，运输方式→transportation n．运输；交通工具 7．balance n．平衡→balanced adj．平衡的 8．bother vi．& vt．费心，麻烦→bothered adj．担心的；烦恼的 9．involve vt．参与；包含→involved adj．卷入的；有关的→involvement n．牵连，参与 10．founder n．创办人，创始者→found v．创办；成立→foundation n．基础；地基 11．organiser n．组织者，安排者→organise vt．组织，筹备→organisation n．组织；团体；机构 12．occur vi．发生→occurrence n．出现；发生；事件 13．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj．农业的 14．proposal n．建议，提议→propose v．建议，提议 15．survival n．继续生存，幸存→survive vi．& vt．幸存(于)；比……活得长→survivor n．幸存者 16．determination n．决心；毅力→determine v．决定→determined adj．坚定的；坚决的 17．parking n．(车辆等的)停放→park v．停车 18．disappear vi．消失，不见→disappearance n．消失，不见→appear vi．出现；似乎，显得 19．tracking n．跟踪→track v．跟踪 n．踪迹 20．official n．官员，高级职员 adj．公务的；官方的→officially adv．官方地→office n．办公室 21．percentage n．百分比，百分率→percent n．百分数 22．container n．容器→contain v．容纳 23．majority n．大多数→major adj．主要的；重要的n．主修课程；主修学生 24．indicate vt．表明；显示→indication n．迹象；表示；标示 25．annually adv．每年；一年一度地→annual adj．每年的；一年一度的 26．pollutant n．污染物→pollute v．污染→pollution n．污染 27．flooding n．水灾，洪水泛滥→flood n．洪水
高频 短语 1．do my part for sth．尽自己所能做某事 2．can't be bothered to do sth．懒得做某事 3．take action to do sth．采取行动做某事 4．all around the world全世界 5．make sb．'s dream come true使某人梦想成真 6．work through调整(情绪) 7．come up with想出，想到 8．take part (in) 参加 9．cut back on削减，缩减 10．to sum up总之 11．green living 绿色生活(低碳生活) 12．in addition to 除……以外(还) 13．set up 建立 14．thanks to 由于，因为 15．pick up 捡起，拾起 16．be committed to 致力于 17．play a role (in) 起作用 18．make the best of 充分利用 19．live in harmony with nature 与自然和谐共处 20．when it comes to sth．当谈到……的时候
句型 公式 1．Of course，it wouldn't matter if there were just a few people in the world．(if引导的虚拟条件句) 当然，如果世界上只有少数几个人，那就无所谓了。 2．To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established．(to do 置于句首作目的状语) 为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们的社区，“根与芽”诞生了。 3．Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up．(leave＋宾语＋动词-ing形式) 嗯，比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。 4．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there．(so that引导目的状语从句) 人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。 5．To sum up，it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment．(it seems that．．．) 总而言之，似乎几乎所有参与的人都理解帮助保护环境的必要性。 6．In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！(with的复合结构) 1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！ 7．The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours．(not．．．but．．．) 新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。 8．Although this is a big problem，many local communities are coming up with solutions to deal with their own waste．(although引导让步状语从句) 虽然这是一个大问题，但许多当地社区正在想办法处理他们自己的垃圾。 9．Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam．(those 作先行词的定语从句) 由于众多人的想法和努力，如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 10．They're also setting a great example for others about how to make the best of a bad situation．(“疑问词＋不定式”结构) 他们也为其他人树立了一个好榜样，告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做到最好。
I used to leave the tap running and lights on，wasting much water and electricity．I couldn't be bothered to pick up litter and it never 1．occurred (occur) to me that I could do my part for oceans and deserts．To sum up，I just thought that not I but others were to blame for smog，2．global (globe) warming and the extinction of wildlife．
However，everything changed after I was introduced to Roots & Shoots，3．whose founder was Jane Goodall，a best-known expert on wild chimpanzees．The purpose of the union is not to gain profits but to involve more young people in working out solutions to 4．pollution (pollute) and a balanced ecosystem．Therefore，we hold 5．an activity once a month；the organiser chooses one destination，and the majority of us will take part in it．We may put up posters 6．to educate (educate) people to recycle honey or butter containers，which mostly are made of plastic．We may advocate cutting back on disposable packaging．Sometimes we help clean up pollutants in rivers；sometimes we come up with proposals that clean-burning and waste-to-energy plants should 7．be built (build)．Besides，we advocate pedaling our bikes and using less air conditioning to live a low-carbon life．Some local residents have negative attitudes to our activities，8．but/yet we just work through our frustration and overcome difficulties with great determination．
Currently，9．branches (branch) of our organisation have spread to many counties and regions in China and all around the world，10．indicating (indicate) a large percentage of people are doing ordinary things to make the world better．
1．balance [课本义]n．平衡　[增补义]v．保持平衡；立稳；同等重视
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 1)Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge．
②She balanced (balance) a huge pot effortlessly on her head and walked down to the river．
③A balanced (balance) diet is essential for healthy growth．
　完成句子
她必须抓住栏杆才能保持平衡。
She had to hold onto the railings to keep her balance．
◎keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
◎keep the balance between．．．and．．．保持……和……的平衡
◎balance between．．．and．．．平衡……和……
◎balance．．．and/with．．．同等重视/兼顾……和……
◎balanced adj．保持平衡的；均衡的
◎(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)To begin with，randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups．
首先，随机组合学生可能导致组内语言能力不平衡。
2．bother [课本义]vi．& vt．费心，麻烦　[增补义]n．麻烦；困难
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 3)Gina often looks pale and ill，but you are what you eat and she never bothers to eat (eat) a proper meal．
②I don't want to bother her with/about my problems at the moment．
③Tourists do not need to bother about transportation and lunch．
④I had no bother finding (find) your house．
　完成句子
我过去总是麻烦你为我做很多事情，你从来不会对我不耐烦。
I used to bother you to do many things for me，but you never got impatient with me．
◎be bothered to do sth．花费时间/精力做某事
◎bother about sth．担忧某事
◎bother sb．with/about sth．为某事打扰或麻烦某人
◎bother to do sth．特意/特地做某事
◎bother sb．to do sth．麻烦某人做某事
◎not bother yourself/your head with/about．．．不操心……
◎have much/no bother (in) doing sth．做某事有/不麻烦
◎He failed his exams but didn't bother about the resits．
他考试没有通过，却没有为补考而感到烦恼。
3．involve vt．[课本义]参与；包含　[增补义]牵涉；牵连
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)As well as studying hard，I've been involved (involve) in social activities．
②(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)It involves doing (do) very slow physical exercises to relax your mind and calm your body．
　一句多译
父母应当参与孩子的教育。
①Parents should involve themselves in their child's education．(involve)
②Parents should be/get involved in their child's education．(involved)
◎involve sb．in (doing) sth．使某人参与/加入(做)某事
◎involve doing sth．包含做某事
◎involved adj．参与；有关联的
◎be/get involved in．．．参与……；全神贯注于……
◎involvement n．参与；加入
◎I was so involved in my book that I didn't hear you knock．
我太全神贯注地看书，没听到你敲门。
4．contented adj．满意的；满足的
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)The young Pelé played football to his heart's content with a ball made of plastic bags．
②More people would be content to be (be) ignorant than would take even a little trouble to acquire knowledge．
③Andy is content with the toy．It is the best he has ever got．
　一句多译
我们不应该使自己满足于课本知识。
①We shouldn't be contented with the knowledge learned from the books．(contented adj．)
②We shouldn't content ourselves with the knowledge learned from the books．(content v．)
◎content n．内容； 目录 (contents) adj．满意；满足；愿意 v．使满足
◎to one's heart's content心满意足
◎feel/be content/contented with对……满足/满意
◎be content to do sth．愿意做某事
◎content oneself with (doing) sth．满足于(做)某事
◎contentment n．满意， 满足
◎Previous students have had nothing but praise for the course content and staff．
以前的学生们对该课程的内容和教师只有称赞。
5．occur vi．[课本义]发生　[增补义]存在(于)；出现(在)
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 6)Experts say this bad weather has occurred (occur) due to climate change．
②Sometimes even routine occurrences (occurrence) can become sources of pre-anger，or anger itself．
③It never occurred to her to ask (ask) anyone for help when she was in trouble．
　一句多译
伊丽莎白也想到了同样的主意。
①The same idea occurred to Elizabeth．(occur)
②The same idea struck Elizabeth．(strike)
③The same idea hit Elizabeth．(hit)
④The same idea came to Elizabeth．(come to)
◎sth．occurs/occurred to sb．某人想到某事
◎it occurs/occurred to sb．to do sth．某人想到要做某事
◎It occurs/occurred to sb．that．．．……的念头/想法出现在某人的脑海里。
◎occurrence n．发生的事情；存在的事物
◎表示“某人突然想到……”的句式还有：
sth．strikes/hits/comes to sb．＝It strikes/hits/comes to sb．that．．．
◎It suddenly occurred to her that she had left her keys at home．
她突然想到把钥匙落在家里了。
6．determination n．决心；毅力
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 2)This insight grew from the determined (determine) attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality．
②He determined to work (work) twice as hard as before to make his dream come true．
③Have you determined on/upon a date for the foundation of your firm
　完成句子
在处理完事故后，她决心毕业后成为一名医生。
After dealing with the accident，she was determined to become a doctor after graduation．
◎determine v．测定；决定；确定
◎determine to do．．．决定做……(表示动作)
◎determine on/upon (doing) sth．决定(做)某事
◎determined adj．坚决的；坚毅的
◎be determined to do．．．决心做……(表示状态)
◎You can't help but admire her great determination to succeed．
她有很大的决心获得成功，这一点让人非常钦佩。
7．majority n．[课本义]大多数　[增补义](获胜的)票数；多数票
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)In most countries，turning 18 marks the start of adulthood．But what does reaching this milestone，the age of majority (major)，really mean
②The majority of the audience are (be) opposed to advertisements inserted in TV plays．
　词汇升级
(普通表达)When it comes to education，most people believe that it is a lifetime study．
(高级表达)When it comes to education，the majority of people believe that it is a lifetime study．
◎in a/the majority占大多数
◎the/a majority of．．．大多数……
◎by/with a majority of以多数票
◎major adj．主要的 n．主修科目；专业；主修学生 v．主修
◎major in．．．主修……
◎My mother is a housewife．And she has the same hobby with a majority of other housewives—going shopping．
我的母亲是一位家庭主妇。她有与大多数其他的家庭主妇一样的爱好——逛商店。
8．come up with 想出，想到
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)Experts felt it necessary to come up with a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island．
②With such a weak heart she was lucky to come through the operation．
③When will the matter come up for discussion
　完成句子
是约翰想出了一个绝妙的主意，做爆米花给你卖。
It was John who came up with the brilliant idea of making popcorn for you to sell．
◎come up to走近
◎come up发生；被提及(无被动式)
◎come out出现；出版；开花
◎come through(重病后)康复
◎come down崩塌；落下
◎What's more，we can come up with our own ideas and learn more through discussion．
更重要的是，我们可以提出自己的想法，通过讨论进一步学习。
9．cut back on 削减，缩减
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)The school is seeking to cut down on the dropout rate．
②The current advice for pregnant women is to cut out alcohol．
③I usually cut across the park on my way home so that I can arrive at my destination early．
④Some people may just need to cut back on their schedules and go to bed earlier．
　完成句子
如果我们不能卖出更多，我们将不得不减产。
If we cannot sell more，we will have to cut back on production．
◎cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
◎cut off中断(供给)；切掉；使……与外界隔绝
◎cut．．．out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
◎cut down砍倒；削减；缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)
◎cutting-edge adj．尖端的；先进的
◎Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming is required，employing the most cutting-edge technologies．
许多人认为，有必要采用一种全新的方法、使用最先进的技术来进行室内种植。
10．[教材原句]Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth．．．
(leave＋宾语＋动词-ing形式)嗯，比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)The fire，which is thought to have started from the 8th floor，spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night，leaving people on the upper floors trapped (trap)．
②Accidents left the police running (run) from one place to another．
③His parents died，leaving (leave) him an orphan．
　完成句子
在那个项目上，他没有听从我的建议，最终使计划泡汤了。
He didn't follow my advice on that project，leaving the plan ruined in the end．
◎leave sb．/sth．doing sth．使某人/物一直做某事
◎leave sb．/sth．to do sth．使某人/物做某事
◎leave sth．/sb．done让/使某事被做/让/使某物/人处于被动状态
◎leave sb．/sth．＋ n．/ adj．/ adv．/介词短语
使某人/物成为或处于某种状态
◎Salter drove off，leaving Callendar surveying the scene．
索特尔开车走了，留下加林达继续调查现场。
11．[教材原句]In 1999，the “white bikes”returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！(with的复合结构)
1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing (rush) over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds．
②With so many essays to write (write)，he won't have time to go shopping this morning．
③The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table laid (lay) for a meal to be cooked．
　句式升级
(普通表达)The final examination is approaching，so I am getting increasingly anxious．
(高级表达)With the final examination approaching，I am getting increasingly anxious．(with的复合结构)
◎句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/adj．/adv．/to do/介词短语。
◎As of the end of May，Gansu's total installed power capacity had reached 91 million kw，with renewable energy accounting for 56.3 million kw．
截至5月底，甘肃电力总装机容量达到9 100万千瓦，可再生能源占5 630万千瓦。
12．[教材原句]The new “white bikes”were not actually white but painted in bright colours．
(not．．．but．．．)新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 4)We all share a joint responsibility to protect and preserve them，not just for ourselves，but for future generations．
②Either I or Mary decides (decide) to take part in the competition．
③Not he but you were (be) wrong in the incident which happened last week．
　完成句子
让人难忘的不是他说的话，而是他做的事。
It is not the words he says but the things he does that are unforgettable．
◎not．．．but．．．表示“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致，即就近原则。常见的用就近原则的还有：either．．．or．．．；neither．．．nor．．．；not only．．．but also．．．等。
◎His success is not a result of luck but of hard work and perseverance．
他的成功不是运气的结果，而是努力工作和坚持不懈的结果。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．An organization will organize an activity themed “Green Living”．The organizer is a former graduate from our school．(organize)
2．She is always determined to try new things，and her determination impresses us a lot．(determine)
3．They attach great importance to agriculture in that country．Their agricultural products are popular all over the globe．(agriculture)
4．(译林版必修第三册Unit 1)Large amounts of industrial (industry) waste poison the water after they enter water bodies．
5．(译林版必修第三册Unit 4)Tu and her team managed to find solutions (solve) to the problem．
6．(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 3)Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation (found) of mankind's greatest achievements．
7．(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 3) This proposal (propose) is worth revisiting at a later date．
8．(外研版必修第三册Unit 6) Being prepared is the best way to increase your chances of survival (survive)．
9．The number of cars is increasing globally，which contributes to global warming，so people all over the globe should try to use public transportation．(globe)
10．Suddenly it occurred (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．desert
A．n．沙漠；荒原　B．vt．背离；使失望　C．vt．遗弃；抛弃
(1)(2024·浙江1月卷)While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for． A
(2)The poor lady was deserted by her cruel husband． C
(3)Somehow，her courage seemed to desert her for a moment． B
2．shoot
A．n．芽，苗　 B．vi．拍摄　　　
C．vt．射击 D．vi．射(门)；投(篮)
(1)He shot the arrow from the bow (弓)． C
(2)(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame． B
(3)A time limit was set for a team to shoot at the basket． D
(4)Two weeks after we'd planted the seeds，little green shoots started to appear．A
3．balance
A．vt．使保持平衡　 B．n．平衡　
C．n．天平，秤 D．n．余额
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable，but doesn't seem to come from nowhere，one that fits what's right for the characters．A
(2)How can you find the ball that is heavier by using a balance and only weighing twice？ C
(3)We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the importance of wildlife conservation． B
(4)I was about to pay when I found my credit card balance was low，so I had to pay in cash．D
4．(2022·浙江1月卷)With help from Tesla，Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current，which soon became the major form of power delivery．B
A．普遍的　　　　B．电流　　　　C．现行的
5．Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue． B
A．纸巾
B．(人、动植物细胞的)组织
C．薄纸；绵纸
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上，脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。
(1)She rested her head on her husband's shoulder，a smile of happiness spreading across her face．(独立主格结构)
(2)She rested her head on her husband's shoulder，with a smile of happiness spreading across her face．(with的复合结构)
2．凯特的突然离去使我们大家想知道将要发生什么事。
Kate's sudden leaving left us wondering what was going to happen．
3．Therefore，I want to know if you could bother to recommend some effective approaches to help me out．
→Therefore，I am wondering if you could bother to recommend some effective approaches to help me out．
4．我忽然想起应该给你留张便条。
(1)It occurred to me that I should have left you a note．(occur)
(2)It hit me that I should have left you a note．(hit)
(3)It struck me that I should have left you a note．(strike)
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你所在的城市近年来交通拥堵越来越严重，请你以学生会的名义向全校师生写一封绿色出行的倡议书。内容包括：
1．绿色出行的意义；
2．绿色出行的方式；
3．提出号召。
　写作微练
①随着私家车的增加，我们城市的交通堵塞变得越来越严重，所以我代表学生会呼吁大家绿色出行。
As private cars are increasing，the traffic jams in our city have become more and more serious，so I，on behalf of the Students' Council，appeal to everyone to go green．
②如果我们不采用绿色出行，我们就无法建立一个可持续发展的环境，也无法拥有健康的生活方式。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If we were not to adopt green travel，we wouldn't build a sustainable environment or have a healthy lifestyle．
③我强烈建议，我们首先要进一步提高对绿色出行重要性的认识。(propose)
I strongly propose that we should first raise awareness of the importance of green travel further．
④一旦我们决定骑自行车或乘公共交通工具而不是开私家车出行，我们不仅可以避免交通堵塞，而且还可以改善我们的健康。
Once we determine to ride bicycles or take public transport instead of driving private vehicles，we can not only avoid traffic jams but also improve our health．
⑤在我们的日常生活中，我们应该想出更有效的措施来过绿色生活。(come up with)
In our daily life，we should come up with more effective measures to live a green life．
⑥一个小小的行动就能带来巨大的改变。让我们现在就行动起来，享受绿色生活吧！
A small act can make a great difference．Let's act now and enjoy a green life!
　句式升级
⑦将①用“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构改写句子
With private cars increasing，the traffic jams in our city have become more and more serious，so I，on behalf of the Students' Council，appeal to everyone to go green．
⑧用倒装结构改写④中的句子
Once we determine to ride bicycles or take public transport instead of driving private vehicles，not only can we avoid traffic jams but we can also improve our health．
　妙笔成篇
Dear teachers and classmates，
With private cars increasing，the traffic jams in our city have become more and more serious，so I，on behalf of the Students' Council，appeal to everyone to go green．
Firstly，if we were not to adopt green travel，we wouldn't build a sustainable environment or have a healthy lifestyle．To achieve that，I strongly propose that we should first raise awareness of the importance of green travel further．Once we determine to ride bicycles or take public transport instead of driving private vehicles，not only can we avoid traffic jams but we can also improve our health．Last but not least，in our daily life，we should come up with more effective measures to live a green life．
A small act can make a great difference．Let's act now and enjoy a green life!
The Students' Council
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 动作描写：tap；recycle；do my part for sth．；shoot；bother；take action；wag；involve；disappear；pedal；cut back on；sum；overflow
环境描写：ocean；smog；desert；path；flooding
情感描写：just-me-ism；contented；overcome；determination；work through
美句 1．Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up． 2．Every individual matters．Every individual has a role to play．Every individual makes a difference．
拓展 语料 单词 anxious adj．焦虑的，担心的→anxiously adv．焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑，忧虑；worried adj．担心的，发愁的→worrying adj．令人担心的→worry vt．使忧虑，使担心 n．担心，忧虑；helpless/hopeless adj．无助的，绝望的→helplessness/hopelessness n．无助；绝望
语块 with anxiety焦虑地；full of/filled with anxiety焦虑不安；feelings of anxiety and concern焦虑且担忧的感觉；bend one's head in despair 绝望地垂下了头；abandon oneself to helplessness陷入无助；be reduced to tears伤心落泪；heart torn with despair绝望得撕心裂肺
句型 1．Fog beginning to creep into the forest，I grew increasingly concerned．(独立主格结构) 雾气开始悄悄进入森林，我越来越担心。 2．Filled with anxiety，he froze there helpless，frowning．(过去分词短语作状语；形容词作状语) 他充满了焦虑，无助地僵在那里，皱着眉头。 3．With everything swallowed by the darkness，Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear．(with的复合结构) 一切都被黑暗吞没了，玛丽既担心又害怕，快要哭了。 4．He gazed at the confusion around him，overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair．(过去分词短语作状语) 他凝视着周围的一片混乱，感到一阵绝望。
　语料运用
①十年后，当我踏入家乡的那一刻，我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河，在那里僵住了，感到一阵绝望。(过去分词短语作状语)
The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later，I gazed at the bare mountain and dirty river and froze there，overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair．
②往日的美景如洪水般涌了回来。(比喻)
Past beautiful scenery came back in floods．
③我流下了眼泪，绝望地低下了头，想着是什么造成了这种可怕的环境。
I was reduced to tears and bent my head in despair，thinking what had contributed to the terrible environment．
④由于担心被破坏的环境，我在最初的几天里心神不宁，感觉如坐针毡。(形容词短语作状语)
Concerned/Worried about the destroyed environment，I was unsettled for the first few days，being on pins and needles．
⑤决定改变这种状况，我开始发表演讲，敦促人们保护环境。(形容词短语作状语)
Determined to change the situation，I began delivering lectures to urge people to protect the environment．
⑥公众的积极反应消除了我焦虑和担忧的感觉。
The public's active responses melted away my feelings of anxiety and concern．
课时数智作业(十五)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2025·湖南长沙模拟)
Community partners need you!
·Swissvale Farmers Market
We're looking for students to help us set up and take down our tent and spend the morning under the tent with us．Activities include some heavy lifting (optional)，engaging with community members，picking up litter，handling small sales and lots of breaks!
Time: September 10，8：30 am—1：15 pm
·Food Pantry Distribution
The CHS Food Pantry needs volunteers to assist during preparation and distribution each week．This involves sorting food，stocking shelves，preparing the outdoor market and assisting families．Customer service skills are important as volunteers may be assisting families directly．Understanding different socio-economic and cultural backgrounds is helpful．
Time: September 1—December 22，Wednesdays，Thursdays: 1：30 pm—6：00 pm
·Garbage Olympics
Join us for the Garbage Olympics! A Pittsburgh wide competition among neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets!
This year，we are competing against each other as well as the entire city! Teams A，B，and C will race to see who can get the most garbage collected!
We'll have all the supplies ready，and will explain the rules to everyone before the event starts．
Time: September 17，8：00 am—11：00 am
·Tutoring assistant
The Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh is actively seeking tutoring assistants for the 2025-2026 school year．As a tutoring assistant，you will offer a positive attitude and coaching to help children to stay on track during the in-person tutoring session．Additionally，you will help provide academic assistance in the form of reading，writing，grammar，pronunciation and math to school-aged children．Volunteers should be able to commit to eight weeks in the fall and may sign on for an additional eight weeks in the spring．
Time: September 28—November 16，Wednesdays from 4：30 pm—6：30 pm
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇广告类应用文。文章宣传了几项利民的社区活动，吸引人们报名参加。
1．You need to be ________ if you decide to engage in community events listed above．(　　)
A．knowledgeable　　　 B．helpful
C．professional D．well-built
B　[推理判断题。根据四项活动中分别提到的“We're looking for students to help us set up and take down our tent”“The CHS Food Pantry needs volunteers to assist during preparation and distribution each week．”“A Pittsburgh wide competition between neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets！”和“As a tutoring assistant，you will offer a positive attitude and coaching to help children．．．”可知，如果你决定参加这些社区活动，就需要对社区活动起到帮助、协助作用。故选B。]
2．As an environmentalist，which one are you most likely to choose？(　　)
A．Tutoring assistant．
B．Garbage Olympics．
C．Swissvale Farmers Market．
D．Food Pantry Distribution．
B　[细节理解题。根据活动Garbage Olympics中描述的“A Pittsburgh wide competition among neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets！”可知，这项活动主要是帮助清理城市街道垃圾，保护城市环境，因此，环保主义者最有可能参加这项活动。故选B。]
3．What do tutoring assistants need to do？(　　)
A．Help children with their studies．
B．Work on weekends for 16 weeks．
C．Join children in physical exercise．
D．Seek academic help for children．
A　[细节理解题。根据最后一项活动中“As a tutoring assistant，you will offer a positive attitude and coaching to help children to stay on track during the in-person tutoring session．Additionally，you will help provide academic assistance in the form of reading，writing，grammar，pronunciation and math to school-aged children．”可知，教师助理需要帮助孩子们学习，提供学业上的帮助。故选A。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北衡水模拟)
Jose Alberto Gutierrez's life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago．It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods at night and seeing deserted books．It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage．He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift．Eventually，he turned his book collection into a community library．
Colombia's capital city of Bogota has 13 million residents and 19 public libraries．However，these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live．The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet．Having access to a library of books and being taken away to another world while immersed in a book is a luxury for the kids who visit Gutierrez's library．
Gutierrez grew up poor，and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school．Nevertheless，his mother was a keen reader and read stories to him every night．Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez，who never let a lack of formal education stop him from reading classics by the likes of Victor Hugo，Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez．
Today，his community library，called “The Strength of Words”， occupies most of his home and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles．Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20，000 books!
The Strength of Words library opens every weekend．It is not just school-going children who are enjoying the benefits of The Strength of Words library．Adults are also welcome to expand their horizons and develop new skills to build a better life for themselves．
Despite having done so much for his community，Gutierrez is not yet content to call it a day．He continues to search through bins for reading materials and has even travelled to book fairs in Mexico and Chile to sell his idea of building library from unwanted books．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了哥伦比亚环卫工人古铁雷斯将富人区被丢弃的书籍带回家，把自己的家变成了一个面向社区开放的图书馆，为低收入家庭的孩子提供阅读的机会的故事。
4．What is Gutierrez's source of inspiration to build a community library？(　　)
A．A book in the trash．
B．The miserable childhood．
C．The desire to collect books．
D．A journey through wealthier neighborhoods．
A　[细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，古铁雷斯建立社区图书馆的灵感来源于垃圾桶里的一本书。故选A项。]
5．What can we learn about Gutierrez's mother？(　　)
A．She was born into a poor family．
B．She influenced Gutierrez greatly．
C．She bought Gutierrez many books．
D．She enjoyed reading Hugo's works．
B　[推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推知，古铁雷斯的母亲对书的热爱极大地影响了他。故选B项。]
6．Which of the following can best describe Gutierrez？(　　)
A．Generous and brave．
B．Ambitious and curious．
C．Determined and sympathetic．
D．Creative and productive．
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，古铁雷斯是坚定的。以及第二段最后两句可知，古铁雷斯是有同情心的，为那些贫穷家庭的孩子建立“图书馆”。由此可知，古铁雷斯是坚定而富有同情心的。故选C项。]
7．What can be learned from Gutierrez's story？(　　)
A．The power of love is infinite．
B．Where there is a will，there is a way．
C．Turn trash into treasure to help others．
D．Books are the ladder of human progress．
C　[推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，文章讲述了Gutierrez将废弃书籍收集起来，创建社区图书馆，为低收入家庭提供阅读机会的故事。由此可推知，我们能从古铁雷斯的故事中明白变废为宝，帮助他人这个道理。故选C项。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河南濮阳模拟)
Even though water covers about 71 percent of the Earth's surface，not all of it is safe to drink．In fact，less than three percent is fresh water，according to the United States Bureau of Reclamation．Most of the water is contained in the oceans and must be desalinated (脱盐) for use．Now researchers from MIT have developed a suitcase-sized desalination device that could be used to produce clean drinking water．
The new portable device produces water that actually goes beyond the World Health Organization standards，just by pushing a button，according to a press release from MIT．There are no filters required．The device powered by a small portable solar panel uses electricity to remove salt and other particles from the saltwater．This eliminates the need for repeatedly checking or repairing it．
Now most available portable desalination units use filters that require high-pressure pumps to push the water，which makes them heavier and less energy efficient．The filterless feature of the new device will allow it to be used in faraway places or places with limited resources like small islands and ships，and even for emergencies．
“This is really the highest point of a 10-year journey that I and my group have been on．We worked for years on the physics behind individual desalination processes，but pushing all those advances into a box，building a system，and testing it in the ocean were really meaningful experiences for me，” says Jongyoon Han，senior author of the study．
After the researchers ran tests in the lab，the device was ready for field tests．At Boston's Carson Beach，the device filled a plastic drinking cup with clear，drinkable water in just half an hour．Now the researchers are still working on a final design that could use cheaper materials so that it can be available to the general public．This small but powerful desalination unit may be the key to bringing safe water to a thirsty world．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲麻省理工学院的研究人员已经开发出一种手提箱大小的脱盐装置，可以用来生产清洁的饮用水。
8．What does the underlined word “eliminates” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　)
A．Proves． B．Creates．
C．Satisfies． D．Removes．
D　[词义猜测题。由文章第二段第二、三句以及第三段第一句可知，与以前的设备对比，新设备更简单更轻更有效，能“消除”反复检查或维修这些问题。所以推测eliminate是“消除，排除”的意思。故选D项。]
9．What can we infer about the device from paragraph 3？(　　)
A．It allows high production of clean water．
B．It makes a breakthrough in application．
C．It may provide power for faraway places．
D．It can replace most desalination devices．
B　[推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句可知，新设备在运用的场地方面有了突破。故选B项。]
10．What do Jongyoon Han's words suggest？(　　)
A．The public thinks highly of the device．
B．The testing system for the device has been out of date．
C．Developing the device is challenging but worthwhile．
D．Further studies are needed before marketing the device．
C　[推理判断题。由文章第四段可知，整个研发过程持续了十年，说明这项目很有挑战性，但Jongyoon Han也认为这很有意义，是值得的。故选C项。]
11．Which aspect of the device are the researchers trying to improve？(　　)
A．Its affordability．
B．The energy it needs．
C．Its performance in dry areas．
D．The purity of the water it produces．
A　[细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Now the researchers are still working on a final design that could use cheaper materials so that it can be available to the general public．”可知，现在研究者正在考虑价格问题，准备使用更便宜材料以便公众能够购买得起。故选A项。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·河北保定模拟)
“Hi! Ms Brooks！” It was Sunday morning，my daughter and I were visiting a model home when I heard a(n) 1 voice．Standing in the yard was a boy．“Evans! What are you doing here？” I cried，feeling surprised and a little annoyed．“I'm helping my father grow flowers，” he answered 2 ．Looking at his happy appearance，I stood there， 3 ．
Then my daughter pulled me away，but Evans stayed on my mind for the rest of the weekend．Evans was a 4 ．He was very fond of plants and animals．Even though he 5 with his reading，he never once complained．
Evans's grades showed no sign of 6 despite his determination．So I sometimes 7 whether he would be able to pass the exams．It was not until we studied the life cycle of plants together that I changed my 8 ．Evans behaved attentively．I had never seen him so 9 in the classroom．
In a class project，I 10 a task to each student．That was planting a sunflower seed in one container．Sowing the seeds was 11 for many of the students，but the growing part was much less so．Except Evans，they all lost interest and forgot to 12 their sunflowers-to-be．Every afternoon，he 13 the plants in his container．Some time later，few seeds successfully fully sprouted (发芽) because of too dry soil，but the 14 in his container were about four inches tall．At that moment，I saw that special seed planted inside him．And one day，he would 15 just as his sunflower．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了埃文斯是一个阳光的孩子，尽管他的学习成绩不是很好，但是他有着坚定的信念，并且做事非常努力。从种向日葵一事中，作者开始从担心埃文斯变成看好他的未来。
(　　)1．A．impolite　　　 B．uncivilized
C．familiar D．female
C　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“Standing in the yard was a boy．‘Evans! What are you doing here？’”提到作者叫出男孩的名字可知，此处应表示作者听到了一个熟悉的声音。故选C项。]
(　　)2．A．mournfully B．awkwardly
C．vaguely D．proudly
D　[考查副词词义辨析。根据下文“Looking at his happy appearance”提到他开心的样子可知，此处应表示男孩骄傲地回答。故选D项。]
(　　)3．A．warm-hearted B．open-mouthed
C．easy-going D．hard-working
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据后文可知，男孩在学习上表现并不好，因此作者看到他热爱植物时很惊讶。故选B项。]
(　　)4．A．gardener B．volunteer
C．pioneer D．racer
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“He was very fond of plants and animals．”提到男孩非常喜欢植物和动物可知，此处为埃文斯是一名园艺爱好者。故选A项。]
(　　)5．A．shared B．struggled
C．combined D．dealt
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文 “he never once complained”可知，他的阅读不顺利。故选B项。]
(　　)6．A．improvement B．confusion
C．judgment D．intention
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“despite his determination”可知，此处应表示但他的成绩没有任何改善的迹象。故选A项。]
(　　)7．A．inquired B．proposed
C．decided D．doubted
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文提到的尽管埃文斯下定决心，但他的成绩没有任何改善的迹象可知，此处应表示作者怀疑他是否能通过考试。故选D项。]
(　　)8．A．determination B．lifestyle
C．hobby D．tune
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文提到的作者怀疑埃文斯是否能通过考试，以及此处“It was not until we studied the life cycle of plants together”可知，直到一起研究了植物的生命周期，作者才改变了看法。故选D项。]
(　　)9．A．tired B．devoted
C．casual D．independent
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Evans behaved attentively．”可知，作者从未见过他在课堂上如此投入。故选B项。]
(　　)10．A．advised B．admitted
C．assigned D．asked
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“In a class project”以及下文“That was planting a sunflower seed in one container．”可知，作者给每个学生分配了一个任务。故选C项。]
(　　)11．A．strange B．difficult
C．important D．exciting
D　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文“but the growing part was much less so”为转折说明成长的部分就不那么令人兴奋了可知，播下种子对许多学生来说是令人兴奋的。故选D项。]
(　　)12．A．pack up B．care for
C．move away D．show off
B　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文“Except Evans，they all lost interest”以及下文“Every afternoon，he ________ the plants in his container．”可知，大多数学生都忘记了照顾他们未来的向日葵。故选B项。]
(　　)13．A．irrigated B．cleaned
C．filled D．polished
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文“Some time later，few seeds successfully fully sprouted because of too dry soil，but the ________ in his container were about four inches tall．”提到很少的种子成功发芽，原因在于土壤太干燥，仅有埃文斯的向日葵长得很高，因此推知埃文斯每天都给他的向日葵浇水。故选A项。]
(　　)14．A．fruits B．flowers
C．shoots D．roots
C　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文“Some time later，few seeds successfully fully sprouted because of too dry soil”由于土壤太干燥，很少有种子成功发芽可知，此处应为转折关系，表示埃文斯的容器里的幼苗大约有四英寸高。故选C项。]
(　　)15．A．appear B．fade
C．shine D．adjust
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文“At that moment，I saw that special seed planted inside him．”可知，此处应表示埃文斯会像他的向日葵一样闪耀。故选C项。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·山东菏泽模拟)
假定你是李华，受学生会委托，围绕“垃圾分类，保护环境”这一主题，为学校宣传栏“英语天地”写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．倡议的原因和目的；
2．倡议的具体内容；
3．发出倡议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage sorting；区分differentiate
Dear friends，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The Students' Union
【参考范文】
Dear friends，
Our school produces a lot of rubbish every day，such as leftover food，waste paper and plastic bottles，which brings a wide range of environmental problems as well as the waste of resources．Therefore，it's time that we took immediate action to change the situation．
First of all，it is necessary for us to raise awareness of environmental protection and develop the good habit of garbage sorting．What's more，we should voluntarily differentiate recyclable rubbish from nonrecyclables in our daily life．
In a word，if everyone does his/her bit responsibly in garbage sorting，our school will become better and better．
The Students' Union
课时数智作业(十六)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·湖南怀化模拟)
Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green，sustainable fuels．The universe's most abundant element，hydrogen (氢)，has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel．
More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020，according to Reuters．Airbus，a European multinational aerospace corporation，has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry．It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings，promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights，which aims to achieve zero emissions．The company plans to launch hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2035，according to Daily Mail．
Compared to fossil fuels，hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel．When hydrogen burns，the only by-product is water．However，the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions．The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy，although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive．The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50/kg．This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs，according to Australia's renewable energy agency．
Also，shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging，given that needs to be chilled to －253 ℃ to do so．According to Reuters，most of the world's big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨)，which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only －33 ℃．
With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming，green hydrogen will help decarbonizing industries that can't be electrified hit the targets．
“We could use these circumstances，where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system，to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy，” said Diederik Samsom，who heads the European Commission's climate cabinet．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为降低碳排放，减缓全球气候变暖的趋势，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并阐述了氢气作为能源的运输条件及发展前景。
1．What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel？(　　)
A．It works very efficiently．
B．It is convenient to store．
C．It is environmentally friendly．
D．It produces no by-product．
C　[细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，氢燃料的主要优点就在于环保。故选C。]
2．What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen？(　　)
A．The expensive cost of shipping．
B．The required temperature．
C．The construction of liquefied carriers．
D．Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia．
B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中“Also，shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging，given that needs to be chilled to －253 ℃ to do so．”可知，液态氢气的运输需要先将其冷却至超低温。故选B。]
3．In which industries does green hydrogen benefit for？(　　)
A．Those powered by fossil fuels．
B．Those generating electricity．
C．Those funded by public money．
D．Those making hydrogen．
A　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，绿色氢可以让以化石燃料为动力的行业受益。故选A。]
4．What is the most suitable title for the passage？(　　)
A．Fueling a Green Future
B．Living a Green Life
C．Shipping Liquid Hydrogen
D．Making Hydrogen Competitive
A　[标题归纳题。根据第一段内容，再结合文章主要介绍为了降低碳排放，减缓全球气候变暖的趋势，广大科学家将目光聚焦在绿色的氢气能源上，并阐述了氢气作为能源的运输条件及发展前景。可知，A选项“推动绿色未来”最适合作文章标题。故选A。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北衡水模拟)
Travelling Economically
·Get a ride to travel destinations with friends or acquaintances (熟人)．If people you know are driving to a location you would like to visit，take advantage of the opportunity to ask them for a lift．Offer to help with gas money or，if you don't have any cash，offer a trade or service instead． 1
·Practice safe hitchhiking to get around． 2 Ask each driver several questions before getting in the vehicle，including what their name is，where they are heading and why they are going there．Follow your gut instinct (直觉) and avoid getting into a car with anyone who gives you a bad feeling．
· 3 There are many ridesharing websites and apps that allow budget travellers to find a shared lift to their destination．These sites will also screen and identify the drivers，making the ridesharing experience safe and simple．Search for available rideshares in your area，which may vary in cost but will cost significantly less than travelling alone．
·Join a free hospitality-sharing community． 4 You will be able to chat with participating members living in the area you are travelling to and arrange accommodations before travelling．In addition to being able to sleep on someone's couch or in their spare room，you may find someone to show you around the city．
·Camp at inexpensive campsites．Camping can be a budget-friendly activity if you find the right park or site． 5 Visit http：//www．uscampgrounds．info/ for a comprehensive list of North American campgrounds，which indicates sites with a rate of $12 or less per night．
A．Get to new destinations with ridesharing services．
B．Hitchhiking is not an exact science but an art form．
C．Search online for campsites near your travel destination．
D．Hitchhiking is a free way to travel，but you need to be cautious．
E．One of my big worries when it comes to camping is keeping everyone safe．
F．Be a polite and respectful co-traveller to show your appreciation for their generosity．
G．Find free accommodations in other cities by joining a couchsurfing community online．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于如何节俭地旅行的几条建议。
1．F　[根据本段中心句“Get a ride to travel destinations with friends or acquaintances．”和前句“Offer to help with gas money or，if you don't have any cash，offer a trade or service instead．”可知，搭便车旅行要做一个有礼貌并能够提供力所能及的帮助的旅行者，以表达自己的感激之情。F项符合语境。故选F。]
2．D　[根据后句可知，搭便车旅行要注意安全问题，所以需要小心谨慎。D项符合语境。故选D。]
3．A　[此空为本段中心句。根据本段的主要内容以及后句可知，本段主要介绍通过拼车服务旅行。A项符合语境。故选A。]
4．G　[根据本段中心句“Join a free hospitality-sharing community．”及后句可知，通过免费在线社区寻找免费住宿。G项符合语境。故选G。]
5．C　[根据本段中心句“Camp at inexpensive campsites．”和前句可知，寻找旅行目的地的露营地进行露营，达到节俭地旅行的目的。C项符合语境。故选C。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·贵州遵义模拟)
Beijing and large areas of northern China woke to 1． __________ (choke) sand and dust，as a winter sandstorm sent many of the air pollution 2． __________ (level) off the charts．
The sandstorm originated in Mongolia and 3． __________ (gradual) moved south，covering much of northern China，from the eastern city of Tianjin to Xinjiang region in the far west．The sandstorm is expected 4． __________ (last) for two days．
In the spring of 2021，Beijing was hit by the biggest sandstorm in nearly a decade，5． __________ turned the skies a shade of orange．In previous decades，each May 6． __________ (see) at least two rounds of sandstorms．The 7． __________ (frequent) and severity of sandstorms were partly due to drought，growing population pressure and poor progress in revegetation (再种植)，which caused rapid desertification of land in the north and northwest．But sandstorms 8． __________ (decrease) sharply ever since．The annual number of sandstorm-affected days in Beijing fell 9． __________ a peak of 26 days in the 1950s to just three days after 2010．
Since 2000，the Chinese government has spent billions of dollars on sandstorm prevention，started 10． __________ (vary) reforestation and ecological projects and sent up satellites to monitor sandstorms and alert weather agencies ahead of time．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了北京等地遭遇沙尘暴，政府投入巨资防治，沙尘暴频率大幅下降。
1．choking　[考查形容词。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，应是choking意为“窒息的，”符合语境。故填choking。]
2．levels　[考查名词的数。根据空前的“air pollution”和所给提示词，此处应是固定搭配：air pollution levels意为“空气污染水平”，many修饰名词复数。故填levels。]
3．gradually　[考查词性转换。空处修饰空后的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填gradually。]
4．to last　[考查非谓语动词。此处是固定搭配：expect to do sth．意为“期望做某事”。故填to last。]
5．which　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。]
6．saw　[考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，see作本句谓语，根据时间状语“In previous decades”可知，用一般过去时。故填saw。]
7．frequency　[考查词性转换。空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作主语，frequent的名词形式是frequency。故填frequency。]
8．have decreased　[考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，decrease作本句谓语，根据标志词“ever since”可知，用现在完成时，主语sandstorms为复数。故填have decreased。]
9．from　[考查介词。此处是固定搭配：fall from．．．to．．．意为“从……下降到……”。故填from。]
10．various/varied　[考查词性转换。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，vary的形容词形式是various/varied。故填various/varied。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·广东东莞模拟)
Sam was a junior high school student．He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life．So much of what he knew about plants came from textbooks．Sam was a kind-hearted person．He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world．
Finally，the opportunity came．On Arbor Day (植树节)，his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees．Sam was excited about it and couldn't wait to tell his mom the good news．So the next day，Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees，including a shovel (铲)，a bucket，gloves and so on．
On the day of the event，Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point．It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy．With the tools in hand，Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination．
As soon as they reached the village，all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher．One team was responsible for planting the trees，one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees．At the teacher's command，everyone started to do their job．
However，it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees，so they had no idea about how to start．Of course，Sam was one of them．Fortunately，their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees．In order to set an example to the students，the teacher started to plant trees himself．After watching the teacher plant the trees，everyone also became busy．Before long，they planted hundreds of trees．Sam watched very carefully，not wanting to miss any of the details．Finally，Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A few days later，a storm damaged some young trees in the community．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
A few days later，a storm damaged some young trees in the community．After seeing what had happened，Sam felt that it was time for him to put the skills of planting trees he had learned to use．He went home and told his mom he wanted to save those trees．So he took the tools that he had used to plant the trees．With the skills taught by his teacher，he worked with his mom to replant those trees．They helped the trees survive．
The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done．Sam told them about his experience of planting trees．But he owed all these to his teacher and mother．He explained that because of his teacher and mother，he learned the skills and saved the trees．The neighbours were very happy to hear that．They said Sam was a role model and that they would ask their children to learn the skills from Sam．Sam felt proud and decided to develop a better community and protect the environment with them．
27/39核心 词汇 1．__________ n．海洋，大海 2．__________ n．沙漠 3．__________ vi．& vt．再利用，回收利用 4．__________ n．一套公寓房，一套住房 adj．平坦的 5．__________ n．树根 6．__________ n．芽，苗；嫩枝vt．射中；射击 7．__________ adj．坚实的；稳固的 8．__________ n．海报 9．__________ n．盈利，利润 10．__________ n．下午 11．__________ n．联合会 12．__________ adj．满意的；满足的 13．__________ n．地区，区域 14．__________ adj．微小的；苗条的；薄的 15．__________ n．比率，率 16．__________ vt．克服(困难)；控制(感情) 17．__________ adj．以前的，从前的 18．__________ adj．当前的，现时的 19．__________ adj．普通的；平常的 20．__________ adv．因此；由此 21．__________ n．小径，小道 22．__________ n．目的地；终点 23．__________ n．居民 24．__________ n．看法；态度 25．__________ adj．塑料制的 26．__________ vt．概括，总结 27．__________ vi．& vt．满是，有许多；泛滥
阅读 词汇 1．tap n．__________ 2．tissue n．__________ 3．smog n．__________ 4．battery n．__________ 5．carbon n．__________ 6．just-me-ism n．__________ 7．gallon n．__________ 8．institute n．__________ 9．chimpanzee n．__________ 10．brick n．__________ 11．wag vi．& vt．__________ 12．quote n．__________ 13．headstone n．__________ 14．county n．__________ 15．__________ vi．& vt．骑n．踏板 16．__________ n．图解，示意图 17．__________ adj．一次性的，用完即丢弃的 18．__________ n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 19．__________ n．蜂蜜 20．__________ n．黄油，牛油 21．__________ n．酸奶 22．__________ n．空调系统 23．__________ n．废弃物填埋场 24．__________ adj．清洁焚烧的 25．__________ adj．以垃圾作为能源的 26．__________ n．鞋类 27．__________ adj．近地表的 28．__________ n．增长；加强
拓展 词汇 1．global adj．全球的，全世界的→__________ n．球体；地球→__________ adv．全球地，全世界地 2．industrial adj．工业的→__________ n．工业 3．extinction n．灭绝→__________ adj．灭绝的 4．solution n．解决办法→__________ v．解决 5．electricity n．电→__________ adj．电动的→__________ adj．与电有关的→__________ adj．电子的 6．transport n．交通运输系统，运输方式→__________ n．运输；交通工具 7．balance n．平衡→__________ adj．平衡的 8．bother vi．& vt．费心，麻烦→__________ adj．担心的；烦恼的 9．involve vt．参与；包含→__________ adj．卷入的；有关的→__________ n．牵连，参与 10．founder n．创办人，创始者→__________ v．创办；成立→__________ n．基础；地基 11．organiser n．组织者，安排者→__________ vt．组织，筹备→__________ n．组织；团体；机构 12．occur vi．发生→__________ n．出现；发生；事件 13．agriculture n．农业→__________ adj．农业的 14．proposal n．建议，提议→__________ v．建议，提议 15．survival n．继续生存，幸存→__________ vi．& vt．幸存(于)；比……活得长→__________ n．幸存者 16．determination n．决心；毅力→__________ v．决定→__________ adj．坚定的；坚决的 17．parking n．(车辆等的)停放→__________ v．停车 18．disappear vi．消失，不见→__________ n．消失，不见→__________ vi．出现；似乎，显得 19．tracking n．跟踪→__________ v．跟踪 n．踪迹 20．official n．官员，高级职员 adj．公务的；官方的→__________ adv．官方地→__________ n．办公室 21．percentage n．百分比，百分率→__________ n．百分数 22．container n．容器→__________ v．容纳 23．majority n．大多数→__________ adj．主要的；重要的n．主修课程；主修学生 24．indicate vt．表明；显示→__________ n．迹象；表示；标示 25．annually adv．每年；一年一度地→__________ adj．每年的；一年一度的 26．pollutant n．污染物→__________ v．污染→__________ n．污染 27．flooding n．水灾，洪水泛滥→__________ n．洪水
高频 短语 1．do my part for sth．__________ 2．can't be bothered to do sth．__________ 3．take action to do sth．__________ 4．all around the world__________ 5．make sb．'s dream come true__________ 6．work through__________ 7．come up with__________ 8．take part (in) __________ 9．cut back on__________ 10．to sum up__________ 11．__________ 绿色生活(低碳生活) 12．__________ 除……以外(还) 13．__________ 建立 14．__________ 由于，因为 15．__________ 捡起，拾起 16．__________ 致力于 17．__________ 起作用 18．__________ 充分利用 19．__________ 与自然和谐共处 20．__________当谈到……的时候
句型 公式 1．Of course，it wouldn't matter if there were just a few people in the world．(if引导的虚拟条件句) 当然，如果世界上只有少数几个人，那就无所谓了。 2．To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established．(to do 置于句首作目的状语) 为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们的社区，“根与芽”诞生了。 3．Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up．(leave＋宾语＋动词-ing形式) 嗯，比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。 4．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there．(so that引导目的状语从句) 人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。 5．To sum up，it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment．(it seems that．．．) 总而言之，似乎几乎所有参与的人都理解帮助保护环境的必要性。 6．In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！(with的复合结构) 1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！ 7．The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours．(not．．．but．．．) 新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。 8．Although this is a big problem，many local communities are coming up with solutions to deal with their own waste．(although引导让步状语从句) 虽然这是一个大问题，但许多当地社区正在想办法处理他们自己的垃圾。 9．Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam．(those 作先行词的定语从句) 由于众多人的想法和努力，如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 10．They're also setting a great example for others about how to make the best of a bad situation．(“疑问词＋不定式”结构) 他们也为其他人树立了一个好榜样，告诉他们如何在糟糕的情况下做到最好。
I used to leave the tap running and lights on，wasting much water and electricity．I couldn't be bothered to pick up litter and it never 1．__________ (occur) to me that I could do my part for oceans and deserts．To sum up，I just thought that not I but others were to blame for smog，2．__________ (globe) warming and the extinction of wildlife．
However，everything changed after I was introduced to Roots & Shoots，3．__________ founder was Jane Goodall，a best-known expert on wild chimpanzees．The purpose of the union is not to gain profits but to involve more young people in working out solutions to 4．__________ (pollute) and a balanced ecosystem．Therefore，we hold 5．__________ activity once a month；the organiser chooses one destination，and the majority of us will take part in it．We may put up posters 6．__________ (educate) people to recycle honey or butter containers，which mostly are made of plastic．We may advocate cutting back on disposable packaging．Sometimes we help clean up pollutants in rivers；sometimes we come up with proposals that clean-burning and waste-to-energy plants should 7．__________ (build)．Besides，we advocate pedaling our bikes and using less air conditioning to live a low-carbon life．Some local residents have negative attitudes to our activities，8．__________ we just work through our frustration and overcome difficulties with great determination．
Currently，9．__________ (branch) of our organisation have spread to many counties and regions in China and all around the world，10．__________ (indicate) a large percentage of people are doing ordinary things to make the world better．
1．balance [课本义]n．平衡　[增补义]v．保持平衡；立稳；同等重视
①(人教版必修第二册Unit 1)Finding and keeping the right balance __________ progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge．
②She __________ (balance) a huge pot effortlessly on her head and walked down to the river．
③A __________ (balance) diet is essential for healthy growth．
　完成句子
她必须抓住栏杆才能保持平衡。
She had to hold onto the railings __________________________________．
◎keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡
◎keep the balance between．．．and．．．保持……和……的平衡
◎balance between．．．and．．．平衡……和……
◎balance．．．and/with．．．同等重视/兼顾……和……
◎balanced adj．保持平衡的；均衡的
◎(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)To begin with，randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups．
首先，随机组合学生可能导致组内语言能力不平衡。
2．bother [课本义]vi．& vt．费心，麻烦　[增补义]n．麻烦；困难
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 3)Gina often looks pale and ill，but you are what you eat and she never bothers __________ (eat) a proper meal．
②I don't want to bother her __________ my problems at the moment．
③Tourists do not need to bother __________ transportation and lunch．
④I had no bother __________ (find) your house．
　完成句子
我过去总是麻烦你为我做很多事情，你从来不会对我不耐烦。
I used to ____________________________，but you never got impatient with me．
◎be bothered to do sth．花费时间/精力做某事
◎bother about sth．担忧某事
◎bother sb．with/about sth．为某事打扰或麻烦某人
◎bother to do sth．特意/特地做某事
◎bother sb．to do sth．麻烦某人做某事
◎not bother yourself/your head with/about．．．不操心……
◎have much/no bother (in) doing sth．做某事有/不麻烦
◎He failed his exams but didn't bother about the resits．
他考试没有通过，却没有为补考而感到烦恼。
3．involve vt．[课本义]参与；包含　[增补义]牵涉；牵连
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 2)As well as studying hard，I've been __________ (involve) in social activities．
②(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)It involves __________ (do) very slow physical exercises to relax your mind and calm your body．
　一句多译
父母应当参与孩子的教育。
①Parents ______________________ their child's education．(involve)
②Parents ______________________ their child's education．(involved)
◎involve sb．in (doing) sth．使某人参与/加入(做)某事
◎involve doing sth．包含做某事
◎involved adj．参与；有关联的
◎be/get involved in．．．参与……；全神贯注于……
◎involvement n．参与；加入
◎I was so involved in my book that I didn't hear you knock．
我太全神贯注地看书，没听到你敲门。
4．contented adj．满意的；满足的
①(外研版必修第二册Unit 3)The young Pelé played football __________ his heart's content with a ball made of plastic bags．
②More people would be content __________ (be) ignorant than would take even a little trouble to acquire knowledge．
③Andy is content __________ the toy．It is the best he has ever got．
　一句多译
我们不应该使自己满足于课本知识。
①We shouldn't _______________ learned from the books．(contented adj．)
②We shouldn't __________________ learned from the books．(content v．)
◎content n．内容； 目录 (contents) adj．满意；满足；愿意 v．使满足
◎to one's heart's content心满意足
◎feel/be content/contented with对……满足/满意
◎be content to do sth．愿意做某事
◎content oneself with (doing) sth．满足于(做)某事
◎contentment n．满意， 满足
◎Previous students have had nothing but praise for the course content and staff．
以前的学生们对该课程的内容和教师只有称赞。
5．occur vi．[课本义]发生　[增补义]存在(于)；出现(在)
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 6)Experts say this bad weather __________ (occur) due to climate change．
②Sometimes even routine __________ (occurrence) can become sources of pre-anger，or anger itself．
③It never occurred to her __________ (ask) anyone for help when she was in trouble．
　一句多译
伊丽莎白也想到了同样的主意。
①The same idea ________________________________ Elizabeth．(occur)
②The same idea ______________________________ Elizabeth．(strike)
③The same idea ______________________________ Elizabeth．(hit)
④The same idea ______________________________ Elizabeth．(come to)
◎sth．occurs/occurred to sb．某人想到某事
◎it occurs/occurred to sb．to do sth．某人想到要做某事
◎It occurs/occurred to sb．that．．．……的念头/想法出现在某人的脑海里。
◎occurrence n．发生的事情；存在的事物
◎表示“某人突然想到……”的句式还有：
sth．strikes/hits/comes to sb．＝It strikes/hits/comes to sb．that．．．
◎It suddenly occurred to her that she had left her keys at home．
她突然想到把钥匙落在家里了。
6．determination n．决心；毅力
①(外研版必修第三册Unit 2)This insight grew from the __________ (determine) attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality．
②He determined __________ (work) twice as hard as before to make his dream come true．
③Have you determined __________ a date for the foundation of your firm
　完成句子
在处理完事故后，她决心毕业后成为一名医生。
After dealing with the accident，she ______________________________．
◎determine v．测定；决定；确定
◎determine to do．．．决定做……(表示动作)
◎determine on/upon (doing) sth．决定(做)某事
◎determined adj．坚决的；坚毅的
◎be determined to do．．．决心做……(表示状态)
◎You can't help but admire her great determination to succeed．
她有很大的决心获得成功，这一点让人非常钦佩。
7．majority n．[课本义]大多数　[增补义](获胜的)票数；多数票
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)In most countries，turning 18 marks the start of adulthood．But what does reaching this milestone，the age of __________ (major)，really mean
②The majority of the audience __________ (be) opposed to advertisements inserted in TV plays．
　词汇升级
(普通表达)When it comes to education，most people believe that it is a lifetime study．
(高级表达)When it comes to education，______________________________ people believe that it is a lifetime study．
◎in a/the majority占大多数
◎the/a majority of．．．大多数……
◎by/with a majority of以多数票
◎major adj．主要的 n．主修科目；专业；主修学生 v．主修
◎major in．．．主修……
◎My mother is a housewife．And she has the same hobby with a majority of other housewives—going shopping．
我的母亲是一位家庭主妇。她有与大多数其他的家庭主妇一样的爱好——逛商店。
8．come up with 想出，想到
①(外研版选择性必修第二册Unit 5)Experts felt it necessary to come up __________ a plan to remove all the rabbits from the island．
②With such a weak heart she was lucky to come __________ the operation．
③When will the matter come __________ for discussion
　完成句子
是约翰想出了一个绝妙的主意，做爆米花给你卖。
It was John ______________________________ for you to sell．
◎come up to走近
◎come up发生；被提及(无被动式)
◎come out出现；出版；开花
◎come through(重病后)康复
◎come down崩塌；落下
◎What's more，we can come up with our own ideas and learn more through discussion．
更重要的是，我们可以提出自己的想法，通过讨论进一步学习。
9．cut back on 削减，缩减
①(译林版必修第一册Unit 3)The school is seeking to cut __________ on the dropout rate．
②The current advice for pregnant women is to cut __________ alcohol．
③I usually cut __________ the park on my way home so that I can arrive at my destination early．
④Some people may just need to cut back __________ their schedules and go to bed earlier．
　完成句子
如果我们不能卖出更多，我们将不得不减产。
If we cannot sell more，we will have to ______________________________．
◎cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
◎cut off中断(供给)；切掉；使……与外界隔绝
◎cut．．．out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
◎cut down砍倒；削减；缩小(尺寸、数量或数目)
◎cutting-edge adj．尖端的；先进的
◎Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming is required，employing the most cutting-edge technologies．
许多人认为，有必要采用一种全新的方法、使用最先进的技术来进行室内种植。
10．[教材原句]Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth．．．
(leave＋宾语＋动词-ing形式)嗯，比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……
①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)The fire，which is thought to have started from the 8th floor，spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night，leaving people on the upper floors __________ (trap)．
②Accidents left the police __________ (run) from one place to another．
③His parents died，__________ (leave) him an orphan．
　完成句子
在那个项目上，他没有听从我的建议，最终使计划泡汤了。
He didn't follow my advice on that project，______________________________．
◎leave sb．/sth．doing sth．使某人/物一直做某事
◎leave sb．/sth．to do sth．使某人/物做某事
◎leave sth．/sb．done让/使某事被做/让/使某物/人处于被动状态
◎leave sb．/sth．＋ n．/ adj．/ adv．/介词短语
使某人/物成为或处于某种状态
◎Salter drove off，leaving Callendar surveying the scene．
索特尔开车走了，留下加林达继续调查现场。
11．[教材原句]In 1999，the “white bikes”returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move！(with的复合结构)
1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了计算机跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 1)One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water __________ (rush) over its edge in a splendid display of sights and sounds．
②With so many essays __________ (write)，he won't have time to go shopping this morning．
③The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table __________ (lay) for a meal to be cooked．
　句式升级
(普通表达)The final examination is approaching，so I am getting increasingly anxious．
(高级表达)_________________________________，I am getting increasingly anxious．(with的复合结构)
◎句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”作状语。“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/adj．/adv．/to do/介词短语。
◎As of the end of May，Gansu's total installed power capacity had reached 91 million kw，with renewable energy accounting for 56.3 million kw．
截至5月底，甘肃电力总装机容量达到9 100万千瓦，可再生能源占5 630万千瓦。
12．[教材原句]The new “white bikes”were not actually white but painted in bright colours．
(not．．．but．．．)新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。
①(译林版选择性必修第三册Unit 4)We all share a joint responsibility to protect and preserve them，not just for ourselves，__________ for future generations．
②Either I or Mary __________ (decide) to take part in the competition．
③Not he but you __________ (be) wrong in the incident which happened last week．
　完成句子
让人难忘的不是他说的话，而是他做的事。
It is _________________________________________ that are unforgettable．
◎not．．．but．．．表示“不是……而是……”，连接两个并列的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致，即就近原则。常见的用就近原则的还有：either．．．or．．．；neither．．．nor．．．；not only．．．but also．．．等。
◎His success is not a result of luck but of hard work and perseverance．
他的成功不是运气的结果，而是努力工作和坚持不懈的结果。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．An __________ will __________ an activity themed “Green Living”．The __________ is a former graduate from our school．(organize)
2．She is always __________ to try new things，and her __________ impresses us a lot．(determine)
3．They attach great importance to __________ in that country．Their __________ products are popular all over the globe．(agriculture)
4．(译林版必修第三册Unit 1)Large amounts of __________ (industry) waste poison the water after they enter water bodies．
5．(译林版必修第三册Unit 4)Tu and her team managed to find __________ (solve) to the problem．
6．(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 3)Trade and curiosity have often formed the __________ (found) of mankind's greatest achievements．
7．(人教版选择性必修第四册Unit 3) This __________ (propose) is worth revisiting at a later date．
8．(外研版必修第三册Unit 6) Being prepared is the best way to increase your chances of __________ (survive)．
9．The number of cars is increasing __________，which contributes to __________ warming，so people all over the __________ should try to use public transportation．(globe)
10．Suddenly it __________ (occur) to me that I could have the book sent to me．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．desert
A．n．沙漠；荒原　B．vt．背离；使失望　C．vt．遗弃；抛弃
(1)(2024·浙江1月卷)While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China，I had the kind of humbling，educational，and above all else，wonderful encounter with a local that all travelers long for．
__________
(2)The poor lady was deserted by her cruel husband． __________
(3)Somehow，her courage seemed to desert her for a moment． __________
2．shoot
A．n．芽，苗　 B．vi．拍摄　　　
C．vt．射击 D．vi．射(门)；投(篮)
(1)He shot the arrow from the bow (弓)． __________
(2)(2023·全国乙卷)To make some of my landscape shots，I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame． __________
(3)A time limit was set for a team to shoot at the basket． __________
(4)Two weeks after we'd planted the seeds，little green shoots started to appear．
__________
3．balance
A．vt．使保持平衡　 B．n．平衡　
C．n．天平，秤 D．n．余额
(1)(2024·全国甲卷)You have to balance creating an ending that's unpredictable，but doesn't seem to come from nowhere，one that fits what's right for the characters． __________
(2)How can you find the ball that is heavier by using a balance and only weighing twice？ __________
(3)We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the importance of wildlife conservation． __________
(4)I was about to pay when I found my credit card balance was low，so I had to pay in cash． __________
4．(2022·浙江1月卷)With help from Tesla，Westinghouse's firm developed a system using alternating current，which soon became the major form of power delivery．
__________
A．普遍的　　　　B．电流　　　　C．现行的
5．Just before and an hour after each workout，the scientists took additional samples of the men's blood and fat tissue． __________
A．纸巾
B．(人、动植物细胞的)组织
C．薄纸；绵纸
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．她把头靠在丈夫的肩膀上，脸上洋溢着幸福的笑容。
(1)She rested her head on her husband's shoulder，___________________________
____________________________________________________．(独立主格结构)
(2)She rested her head on her husband's shoulder，__________________________
_________________________________________________．(with的复合结构)
2．凯特的突然离去使我们大家想知道将要发生什么事。
Kate's sudden leaving __________________________________________．
3．Therefore，I want to know if you could bother to recommend some effective approaches to help me out．
→Therefore，______________________________________ if you could bother to recommend some effective approaches to help me out．
4．我忽然想起应该给你留张便条。
(1)_____________________________ that I should have left you a note．(occur)
(2)____________________________ that I should have left you a note．(hit)
(3)_____________________________ that I should have left you a note．(strike)
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你所在的城市近年来交通拥堵越来越严重，请你以学生会的名义向全校师生写一封绿色出行的倡议书。内容包括：
1．绿色出行的意义；
2．绿色出行的方式；
3．提出号召。
　写作微练
①随着私家车的增加，我们城市的交通堵塞变得越来越严重，所以我代表学生会呼吁大家绿色出行。
As private cars are increasing，the traffic jams in our city ______________________________，so I，on behalf of the Students' Council，______________________________．
②如果我们不采用绿色出行，我们就无法建立一个可持续发展的环境，也无法拥有健康的生活方式。(if引导的虚拟条件句)
If we ______________________________，we wouldn't build a sustainable environment or have a healthy lifestyle．
③我强烈建议，我们首先要进一步提高对绿色出行重要性的认识。(propose)
______________________________ we should first raise awareness of the importance of green travel further．
④一旦我们决定骑自行车或乘公共交通工具而不是开私家车出行，我们不仅可以避免交通堵塞，而且还可以改善我们的健康。
Once we ______________________________ or take public transport instead of driving private vehicles，______________________________ but also improve our health．
⑤在我们的日常生活中，我们应该想出更有效的措施来过绿色生活。(come up with)
In our daily life，we should ______________________________ to live a green life．
⑥一个小小的行动就能带来巨大的改变。让我们现在就行动起来，享受绿色生活吧！
A small act ______________________________．Let's act now and enjoy a green life!
　句式升级
⑦将①用“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构改写句子
_____________________________________________________________________
⑧用倒装结构改写④中的句子
_____________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 动作描写：tap；recycle；do my part for sth．；shoot；bother；take action；wag；involve；disappear；pedal；cut back on；sum；overflow
环境描写：ocean；smog；desert；path；flooding
情感描写：just-me-ism；contented；overcome；determination；work through
美句 1．Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up． 2．Every individual matters．Every individual has a role to play．Every individual makes a difference．
拓展 语料 单词 anxious adj．焦虑的，担心的→anxiously adv．焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑，忧虑；worried adj．担心的，发愁的→worrying adj．令人担心的→worry vt．使忧虑，使担心 n．担心，忧虑；helpless/hopeless adj．无助的，绝望的→helplessness/hopelessness n．无助；绝望
语块 with anxiety焦虑地；full of/filled with anxiety焦虑不安；feelings of anxiety and concern焦虑且担忧的感觉；bend one's head in despair 绝望地垂下了头；abandon oneself to helplessness陷入无助；be reduced to tears伤心落泪；heart torn with despair绝望得撕心裂肺
句型 1．Fog beginning to creep into the forest，I grew increasingly concerned．(独立主格结构) 雾气开始悄悄进入森林，我越来越担心。 2．Filled with anxiety，he froze there helpless，frowning．(过去分词短语作状语；形容词作状语) 他充满了焦虑，无助地僵在那里，皱着眉头。 3．With everything swallowed by the darkness，Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear．(with的复合结构) 一切都被黑暗吞没了，玛丽既担心又害怕，快要哭了。 4．He gazed at the confusion around him，overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair．(过去分词短语作状语) 他凝视着周围的一片混乱，感到一阵绝望。
　语料运用
①十年后，当我踏入家乡的那一刻，我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河，在那里僵住了，感到一阵绝望。(过去分词短语作状语)
The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later，I gazed at the bare mountain and dirty river and froze there，_______________________________________．
②往日的美景如洪水般涌了回来。(比喻)
Past beautiful scenery _______________________________________________．
③我流下了眼泪，绝望地低下了头，想着是什么造成了这种可怕的环境。
I __________________________________________________，thinking what had contributed to the terrible environment．
④由于担心被破坏的环境，我在最初的几天里心神不宁，感觉如坐针毡。(形容词短语作状语)
______________________________________________，I was unsettled for the first few days，being on pins and needles．
⑤决定改变这种状况，我开始发表演讲，敦促人们保护环境。(形容词短语作状语)
_______________________________________________，I began delivering lectures to ________________________________________．
⑥公众的积极反应消除了我焦虑和担忧的感觉。
The public's active responses ________________________________________．
21/21课时数智作业(十五)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
(2025·湖南长沙模拟)
Community partners need you!
·Swissvale Farmers Market
We're looking for students to help us set up and take down our tent and spend the morning under the tent with us．Activities include some heavy lifting (optional)，engaging with community members，picking up litter，handling small sales and lots of breaks!
Time: September 10，8：30 am—1：15 pm
·Food Pantry Distribution
The CHS Food Pantry needs volunteers to assist during preparation and distribution each week．This involves sorting food，stocking shelves，preparing the outdoor market and assisting families．Customer service skills are important as volunteers may be assisting families directly．Understanding different socio-economic and cultural backgrounds is helpful．
Time: September 1—December 22，Wednesdays，Thursdays: 1：30 pm—6：00 pm
·Garbage Olympics
Join us for the Garbage Olympics! A Pittsburgh wide competition among neighborhoods to see who can get the most litter and garbage off our beloved city streets!
This year，we are competing against each other as well as the entire city! Teams A，B，and C will race to see who can get the most garbage collected!
We'll have all the supplies ready，and will explain the rules to everyone before the event starts．
Time: September 17，8：00 am—11：00 am
·Tutoring assistant
The Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh is actively seeking tutoring assistants for the 2025-2026 school year．As a tutoring assistant，you will offer a positive attitude and coaching to help children to stay on track during the in-person tutoring session．Additionally，you will help provide academic assistance in the form of reading，writing，grammar，pronunciation and math to school-aged children．Volunteers should be able to commit to eight weeks in the fall and may sign on for an additional eight weeks in the spring．
Time: September 28—November 16，Wednesdays from 4：30 pm—6：30 pm
1．You need to be ________ if you decide to engage in community events listed above．(　　)
A．knowledgeable　　　 B．helpful
C．professional D．well-built
2．As an environmentalist，which one are you most likely to choose？(　　)
A．Tutoring assistant．
B．Garbage Olympics．
C．Swissvale Farmers Market．
D．Food Pantry Distribution．
3．What do tutoring assistants need to do？(　　)
A．Help children with their studies．
B．Work on weekends for 16 weeks．
C．Join children in physical exercise．
D．Seek academic help for children．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北衡水模拟)
Jose Alberto Gutierrez's life would never be the same again after finding a copy of Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy in the garbage 20 years ago．It happened while he was driving his garbage truck through wealthier neighborhoods at night and seeing deserted books．It sparked his desire to start rescuing books from the garbage．He took home between 50 and 60 books every morning after his nine-hour shift．Eventually，he turned his book collection into a community library．
Colombia's capital city of Bogota has 13 million residents and 19 public libraries．However，these libraries tend to be far away from where rural and poorer communities live．The option of buying new books is non-existent for families struggling to make ends meet．Having access to a library of books and being taken away to another world while immersed in a book is a luxury for the kids who visit Gutierrez's library．
Gutierrez grew up poor，and his family could not afford to educate him beyond primary school．Nevertheless，his mother was a keen reader and read stories to him every night．Her love for books left a deep impression on Gutierrez，who never let a lack of formal education stop him from reading classics by the likes of Victor Hugo，Mario Vargas Llosa and Gabriel Garcia Marquez．
Today，his community library，called “The Strength of Words”， occupies most of his home and is piled from floor to ceiling with fiction and non-fiction titles．Everything from school textbooks to storybooks can be found in his collection of more than 20，000 books!
The Strength of Words library opens every weekend．It is not just school-going children who are enjoying the benefits of The Strength of Words library．Adults are also welcome to expand their horizons and develop new skills to build a better life for themselves．
Despite having done so much for his community，Gutierrez is not yet content to call it a day．He continues to search through bins for reading materials and has even travelled to book fairs in Mexico and Chile to sell his idea of building library from unwanted books．
4．What is Gutierrez's source of inspiration to build a community library？(　　)
A．A book in the trash．
B．The miserable childhood．
C．The desire to collect books．
D．A journey through wealthier neighborhoods．
5．What can we learn about Gutierrez's mother？(　　)
A．She was born into a poor family．
B．She influenced Gutierrez greatly．
C．She bought Gutierrez many books．
D．She enjoyed reading Hugo's works．
6．Which of the following can best describe Gutierrez？(　　)
A．Generous and brave．
B．Ambitious and curious．
C．Determined and sympathetic．
D．Creative and productive．
7．What can be learned from Gutierrez's story？(　　)
A．The power of love is infinite．
B．Where there is a will，there is a way．
C．Turn trash into treasure to help others．
D．Books are the ladder of human progress．
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·河南濮阳模拟)
Even though water covers about 71 percent of the Earth's surface，not all of it is safe to drink．In fact，less than three percent is fresh water，according to the United States Bureau of Reclamation．Most of the water is contained in the oceans and must be desalinated (脱盐) for use．Now researchers from MIT have developed a suitcase-sized desalination device that could be used to produce clean drinking water．
The new portable device produces water that actually goes beyond the World Health Organization standards，just by pushing a button，according to a press release from MIT．There are no filters required．The device powered by a small portable solar panel uses electricity to remove salt and other particles from the saltwater．This eliminates the need for repeatedly checking or repairing it．
Now most available portable desalination units use filters that require high-pressure pumps to push the water，which makes them heavier and less energy efficient．The filterless feature of the new device will allow it to be used in faraway places or places with limited resources like small islands and ships，and even for emergencies．
“This is really the highest point of a 10-year journey that I and my group have been on．We worked for years on the physics behind individual desalination processes，but pushing all those advances into a box，building a system，and testing it in the ocean were really meaningful experiences for me，” says Jongyoon Han，senior author of the study．
After the researchers ran tests in the lab，the device was ready for field tests．At Boston's Carson Beach，the device filled a plastic drinking cup with clear，drinkable water in just half an hour．Now the researchers are still working on a final design that could use cheaper materials so that it can be available to the general public．This small but powerful desalination unit may be the key to bringing safe water to a thirsty world．
8．What does the underlined word “eliminates” in paragraph 2 probably mean？(　　)
A．Proves． B．Creates．
C．Satisfies． D．Removes．
9．What can we infer about the device from paragraph 3？(　　)
A．It allows high production of clean water．
B．It makes a breakthrough in application．
C．It may provide power for faraway places．
D．It can replace most desalination devices．
10．What do Jongyoon Han's words suggest？(　　)
A．The public thinks highly of the device．
B．The testing system for the device has been out of date．
C．Developing the device is challenging but worthwhile．
D．Further studies are needed before marketing the device．
11．Which aspect of the device are the researchers trying to improve？(　　)
A．Its affordability．
B．The energy it needs．
C．Its performance in dry areas．
D．The purity of the water it produces．
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2025·河北保定模拟)
“Hi! Ms Brooks！” It was Sunday morning，my daughter and I were visiting a model home when I heard a(n) 1 voice．Standing in the yard was a boy．“Evans! What are you doing here？” I cried，feeling surprised and a little annoyed．“I'm helping my father grow flowers，” he answered 2 ．Looking at his happy appearance，I stood there， 3 ．
Then my daughter pulled me away，but Evans stayed on my mind for the rest of the weekend．Evans was a 4 ．He was very fond of plants and animals．Even though he 5 with his reading，he never once complained．
Evans's grades showed no sign of 6 despite his determination．So I sometimes 7 whether he would be able to pass the exams．It was not until we studied the life cycle of plants together that I changed my 8 ．Evans behaved attentively．I had never seen him so 9 in the classroom．
In a class project，I 10 a task to each student．That was planting a sunflower seed in one container．Sowing the seeds was 11 for many of the students，but the growing part was much less so．Except Evans，they all lost interest and forgot to 12 their sunflowers-to-be．Every afternoon，he 13 the plants in his container．Some time later，few seeds successfully fully sprouted (发芽) because of too dry soil，but the 14 in his container were about four inches tall．At that moment，I saw that special seed planted inside him．And one day，he would 15 just as his sunflower．
(　　)1．A．impolite　　　 B．uncivilized
C．familiar D．female
(　　)2．A．mournfully B．awkwardly
C．vaguely D．proudly
(　　)3．A．warm-hearted B．open-mouthed
C．easy-going D．hard-working
(　　)4．A．gardener B．volunteer
C．pioneer D．racer
(　　)5．A．shared B．struggled
C．combined D．dealt
(　　)6．A．improvement B．confusion
C．judgment D．intention
(　　)7．A．inquired B．proposed
C．decided D．doubted
(　　)8．A．determination B．lifestyle
C．hobby D．tune
(　　)9．A．tired B．devoted
C．casual D．independent
(　　)10．A．advised B．admitted
C．assigned D．asked
(　　)11．A．strange B．difficult
C．important D．exciting
(　　)12．A．pack up B．care for
C．move away D．show off
(　　)13．A．irrigated B．cleaned
C．filled D．polished
(　　)14．A．fruits B．flowers
C．shoots D．roots
(　　)15．A．appear B．fade
C．shine D．adjust
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2024·山东菏泽模拟)
假定你是李华，受学生会委托，围绕“垃圾分类，保护环境”这一主题，为学校宣传栏“英语天地”写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．倡议的原因和目的；
2．倡议的具体内容；
3．发出倡议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；
3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：垃圾分类garbage sorting；区分differentiate
Dear friends，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The Students' Union
5/8课时数智作业(十六)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时7分钟)
(2025·湖南怀化模拟)
Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green，sustainable fuels．The universe's most abundant element，hydrogen (氢)，has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel．
More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020，according to Reuters．Airbus，a European multinational aerospace corporation，has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry．It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings，promoting the use of hydrogen fuel for long-distance flights，which aims to achieve zero emissions．The company plans to launch hydrogen-powered aircraft in 2035，according to Daily Mail．
Compared to fossil fuels，hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel．When hydrogen burns，the only by-product is water．However，the traditional way to get hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions．The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis (电解) powered by renewable energy，although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive．The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50/kg．This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs，according to Australia's renewable energy agency．
Also，shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging，given that needs to be chilled to －253 ℃ to do so．According to Reuters，most of the world's big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia (氨)，which can be changed to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only －33 ℃．
With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to solve the issue of global warming，green hydrogen will help decarbonizing industries that can't be electrified hit the targets．
“We could use these circumstances，where loads of public money are going to be needed into the energy system，to jump forward towards a hydrogen economy，” said Diederik Samsom，who heads the European Commission's climate cabinet．
1．What is the strength of the hydrogen fuel？(　　)
A．It works very efficiently．
B．It is convenient to store．
C．It is environmentally friendly．
D．It produces no by-product．
2．What is the challenge when shipping liquid hydrogen？(　　)
A．The expensive cost of shipping．
B．The required temperature．
C．The construction of liquefied carriers．
D．Changing it to the form of liquid ammonia．
3．In which industries does green hydrogen benefit for？(　　)
A．Those powered by fossil fuels．
B．Those generating electricity．
C．Those funded by public money．
D．Those making hydrogen．
4．What is the most suitable title for the passage？(　　)
A．Fueling a Green Future
B．Living a Green Life
C．Shipping Liquid Hydrogen
D．Making Hydrogen Competitive
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北衡水模拟)
Travelling Economically
·Get a ride to travel destinations with friends or acquaintances (熟人)．If people you know are driving to a location you would like to visit，take advantage of the opportunity to ask them for a lift．Offer to help with gas money or，if you don't have any cash，offer a trade or service instead． 1
·Practice safe hitchhiking to get around． 2 Ask each driver several questions before getting in the vehicle，including what their name is，where they are heading and why they are going there．Follow your gut instinct (直觉) and avoid getting into a car with anyone who gives you a bad feeling．
· 3 There are many ridesharing websites and apps that allow budget travellers to find a shared lift to their destination．These sites will also screen and identify the drivers，making the ridesharing experience safe and simple．Search for available rideshares in your area，which may vary in cost but will cost significantly less than travelling alone．
·Join a free hospitality-sharing community． 4 You will be able to chat with participating members living in the area you are travelling to and arrange accommodations before travelling．In addition to being able to sleep on someone's couch or in their spare room，you may find someone to show you around the city．
·Camp at inexpensive campsites．Camping can be a budget-friendly activity if you find the right park or site． 5 Visit http：//www．uscampgrounds．info/ for a comprehensive list of North American campgrounds，which indicates sites with a rate of $12 or less per night．
A．Get to new destinations with ridesharing services．
B．Hitchhiking is not an exact science but an art form．
C．Search online for campsites near your travel destination．
D．Hitchhiking is a free way to travel，but you need to be cautious．
E．One of my big worries when it comes to camping is keeping everyone safe．
F．Be a polite and respectful co-traveller to show your appreciation for their generosity．
G．Find free accommodations in other cities by joining a couchsurfing community online．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·贵州遵义模拟)
Beijing and large areas of northern China woke to 1． __________ (choke) sand and dust，as a winter sandstorm sent many of the air pollution 2． __________ (level) off the charts．
The sandstorm originated in Mongolia and 3． __________ (gradual) moved south，covering much of northern China，from the eastern city of Tianjin to Xinjiang region in the far west．The sandstorm is expected 4． __________ (last) for two days．
In the spring of 2021，Beijing was hit by the biggest sandstorm in nearly a decade，5． __________ turned the skies a shade of orange．In previous decades，each May 6． __________ (see) at least two rounds of sandstorms．The 7． __________ (frequent) and severity of sandstorms were partly due to drought，growing population pressure and poor progress in revegetation (再种植)，which caused rapid desertification of land in the north and northwest．But sandstorms 8． __________ (decrease) sharply ever since．The annual number of sandstorm-affected days in Beijing fell 9． __________ a peak of 26 days in the 1950s to just three days after 2010．
Since 2000，the Chinese government has spent billions of dollars on sandstorm prevention，started 10． __________ (vary) reforestation and ecological projects and sent up satellites to monitor sandstorms and alert weather agencies ahead of time．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·广东东莞模拟)
Sam was a junior high school student．He lived in a community in Charlotte and usually had little exposure to country life．So much of what he knew about plants came from textbooks．Sam was a kind-hearted person．He longed for a chance to explore nature and he wanted to do his part to beautify the world．
Finally，the opportunity came．On Arbor Day (植树节)，his class organized a trip to a local village to plant trees．Sam was excited about it and couldn't wait to tell his mom the good news．So the next day，Sam and his mom went to buy some tools for planting trees，including a shovel (铲)，a bucket，gloves and so on．
On the day of the event，Sam and his classmates arrived early at the starting point．It was a beautiful day and everyone looked particularly happy．With the tools in hand，Sam got into the bus with everyone else and headed off to their destination．
As soon as they reached the village，all the students were divided into three teams by their teacher．One team was responsible for planting the trees，one team for shovelling the soil and one team for watering the trees．At the teacher's command，everyone started to do their job．
However，it was the first time that many of the students had taken part in planting trees，so they had no idea about how to start．Of course，Sam was one of them．Fortunately，their teacher was a middle-aged man from the countryside who had some knowledge of planting trees．In order to set an example to the students，the teacher started to plant trees himself．After watching the teacher plant the trees，everyone also became busy．Before long，they planted hundreds of trees．Sam watched very carefully，not wanting to miss any of the details．Finally，Sam learned how to plant trees by himself and felt happy．
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
A few days later，a storm damaged some young trees in the community．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
The neighbours praised Sam for what he had done．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
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