资源简介

课时数智作业(二十一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species，as well as learn how you can help protect them．If you are a wildlife lover，here are some programs you can choose．
·Animal Rescue Project，South Africa
You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town．A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats．The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes．Due to limited funding，the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff，relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands-on care for these animals．
·Sea Turtle Conservation Project，Sri Lanka
Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle's numbers due to numerous commercial fishing．As a wildlife lover，your role extends to supporting hatcheries (孵化场) in their conservation efforts．Additionally，your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds，as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover，enabling them to generate additional income．
·Wildlife Conservation Program，Australia
You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding，cleaning，maintenance，and enrichment．This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain first-hand international work experience．For you，this program is an excellent choice．Not only will you contribute to a noble cause，but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world．
·Marine Conservation Program，Bali
You will be working in Tianyar，where the reef is now in a worsening state．The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar's coral reef，not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents．
1．What problem does the adoption center meet with？(　　)
A．Insufficient equipment．
B．Insecure surroundings．
C．Shortage of shelters．
D．Lack of hands．
2．Which program will offer financial assistance？(　　)
A．Animal Rescue Project，South Africa．
B．Sea Turtle Conservation Project，Sri Lanka．
C．Wildlife Conservation Program，Australia．
D．Marine Conservation Program，Bali．
3．What is the main purpose of the text？(　　)
A．To promote program cooperation．
B．To advocate restoring ecosystems．
C．To introduce endangered species protection．
D．To encourage engagement in animal preservation．
B 篇(限时7分钟)
In the 1970s，a new supermarket selling LPs arrived in my hometown and I began devoting my pocket money to acquiring records．I swiftly developed an affection for Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata，harboring dreams of performing that music myself．Despite the absence of a piano at home，there was one at my grandmother's care home，where I learned to play Beethoven by ear，with pigeons cooing and farmers working in the fields．It was truly magical．
Entering the Royal Academy of Arts at 16 marked the beginning of my artistic journey．In my 30s，I took another significant step in life—marriage．My wife worked at Elephants World，a reserve dedicated to the care of rescued domestic elephants．These elephants have worked for humans all their life and many are blind or disabled from being treated badly，so I wanted to make the effort to carry something heavy myself．For my 50th birthday，my wife successfully persuaded the manager to allow us to bring a piano into the reserve，bringing music to the elephants' lives．
Initially，when I started playing，it was hard to hear the piano above the sounds of nature and the elephants chewing grass．However，everything changed when a blind elephant ceased eating and tuned into my playing．It struck me that this elephant，trapped in a world of darkness，had a profound love for music．From that moment on，there was no longer any concern about disturbing their peace．We occasionally film these performances，and now，we proudly have nearly 700，000 YouTube subscribers．
I continue to play for these elephants that run freely in the reserve，despite the constant potential danger．Surprisingly，it's the moody male elephants who show the most fascination with the music．I firmly believe it has a calming effect．These elephants' breathing actually slows down when I play，which tells me they are relaxed and happy．I've even witnessed elephants seemingly dancing to Beethoven's tunes．With their exceptional hearing and the ability to sense vibrations (震动) through their feet，I am convinced that elephants grasp the language of human expression．This serves as a powerful illustration that music serves as a universal language，connecting us all．
4．What motivated the author's early affection for music？(　　)
A．Exposure to Beethoven's music．
B．Employment at Elephants World．
C．Attendance at the Royal Academy of Arts．
D．Piano teaching at his grandma's care home．
5．What did the author's 50th birthday celebration symbolize？(　　)
A．Personal achievements in music．
B．A combination of music and care．
C．Successful fundraising for the reserve．
D．Recognition for the author's artistic journey．
6．What role did music play in the lives of the elephants in the reserve？(　　)
A．Emotional recovery．
B．Physical exercise．
C．Financial support．
D．Artistic expression．
7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．Save the Mistreated Elephants
B．Male Elephants: Moody and Musical
C．Play the Piano for Rescued Elephants
D．Elephants: Animals of Sharp Hearing
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·福建福州三模)
Urban agriculture，the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city，is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms．By some estimates，between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture．But until recently，its carbon footprint remains understudied．
Using data from 73 low-tech city farms，community gardens and personal plots of land，Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops．The team found that because of urban gardens' relatively low yields，along with the energy used in constructing the planting beds，big-city spuds (马铃薯) were significantly more carbon-intensive than commercially grown ones．This held true even when the researchers factored in emissions from transporting commercially grown produce to often distant grocery stores．That doesn't mean that growing vegetables in big cities is totally bad，however．“Urban farming is great，” if imperfect，says Carola Grebitus，a food choice expert．It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education，she says，and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban “food deserts” where healthy fruit and vegetables are hard to come by．Community gardens can also provide a place to connect with nature，and the added green space can reduce the risks of heat and flooding．
Conscious of these benefits，Newell's team highlighted several ways to make urban agriculture more sustainable．One option is to be selective about what crops are grown．For instance，tomatoes grown in the soil of open-air urban plots had a lower carbon intensity than tomatoes grown in conventional greenhouses．Another strategy is to rely on existing constructions．Include old structures into a new garden's design instead of taking down old buildings．Finally，take the local climate，water quality and soil into account．Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water，energy and pesticides (杀虫剂)，all of which affect the environment．
8．What can we know about urban agriculture from paragraph 1？(　　)
A．It is thoroughly researched．
B．It is welcomed by city people．
C．It is environmentally friendly．
D．It is limited to industrial farms．
9．How does the author explain the reason for urban agriculture's higher carbon intensity？(　　)
A．By making a comparison．
B．By telling a story．
C．By giving a definition．
D．By using a quote．
10．According to Carola，what is a benefit of urban agriculture？(　　)
A．It adds variety to urban people's diet．
B．It provides recreational opportunities．
C．It strengthens the bonds of community．
D．It helps to contain drought and flooding．
11．What is recommended to make urban agriculture more sustainable？(　　)
A．Reconstructing gardens．
B．Developing greenhouse crops．
C．Selecting pesticide-free vegetables．
D．Growing plants suited to local conditions．
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2024·广东江门一模)
In 2014，a sophomore student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo．Little did he know that a chance 1 at the aquarium (水族馆) there would light a lifelong passion．
Fast-forward to today，Xu Yitang，a Beijing native，has 2 to the tropical island of South China's Hainan Province，where he serves as a coral 3 for a Sanya-based tropical biological laboratory attached to the Chinese Academy of Sciences．
Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and 4 the growth and development of the creatures that 5 him all those years ago．Xu，who is nicknamed “coral man”， is 6 engaged on such social media platforms as Sina Weibo，where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of coral．He aims to 7 individuals to take action to protect coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole．
For Xu，who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood，becoming a coral conservationist was an 8 turn of events．After he first saw coral at the aquarium，he began to 9 the local market to learn about coral 10 from merchants who sell decorative plants，fish and coral．He also 11 information online．Before long，he had set up a small fish tank at home and started cultivating coral．
“The coral organism is quite sensitive to its environment and has extremely high 12 for water quality，” recalls Xu．“When I started growing coral，its state was not 13 ．” But as Xu gained more 14 about coral，including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels，his coral gradually started to flourish．He also learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean，providing a 15 for a quarter of all sea creatures．
(　　)1．A．accident　　　 B．encounter
C．application D．performance
(　　)2．A．moved B．driven
C．appealed D．signaled
(　　)3．A．educator B．ambassador
C．artist D．conservationist
(　　)4．A．approve B．increase
C．document D．smooth
(　　)5．A．separated B．relieved
C．preserved D．fascinated
(　　)6．A．actively B．finally
C．universally D．skillfully
(　　)7．A．teach B．arrange
C．encourage D．force
(　　)8．A．impractical B．unexpected
C．unfortunate D．unacceptable
(　　)9．A．frequent B．expand
C．manage D．improve
(　　)10．A．selling B．observing
C．farming D．decorating
(　　)11．A．answered for B．brought in
C．searched for D．gave out
(　　)12．A．requirements B．reputations
C．periods D．priorities
(　　)13．A．pure B．good
C．confusing D．strict
(　　)14．A．evidence B．care
C．equipment D．knowledge
(　　)15．A．map B．home
C．platform D．container
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2025·河南名校联盟模拟)
假定你是李华，你校正在举办以“4月8日国际珍稀动物保护日”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．珍稀动物的重要性；
2．保护珍稀动物的倡议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Protecting Rare Animals
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8/8核心 词汇 1．__________ adj．塑料制的 2．__________ n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能 3．__________ vi．& vt．转换，改变 4．__________ adv．非常地，极端地 5．__________ n．物种，种 6．__________ adj．大量的 7．__________ n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少 8．__________ vt．责怪，指责 9．__________ vt．影响 10．__________ adj．太阳光(能)的 11．__________ vt．(使)恢复 12．__________ vt．包，裹 13．__________ n．交通运输系统，运输方式 14．__________ vi．& vt．吞下，咽下 15．__________ n．筷子 16．__________ n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱 17．__________ n．十年，十年期 18．__________ n．气，气体 19．__________ n．癌症 20．__________ n．论说文；散文 21．__________ vt．包含，需要 22．__________ n．十亿 23．__________ n．例子，实例 24．__________ vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求 25．__________ n．药物，药材；毒品 26．__________ vt．概括，总结n．金额，款项；总数 27．__________ n．谷，山谷 28．__________ n．雷暴 29．__________ adj．农业的
阅读 词汇 1．item n．__________ 2．rhino n．__________ 3．horn n．__________ 4．asteroid n．__________ 5．hatch vi．& vt．__________ 6．packet n．__________ 7．packaging n．__________ 8．coconut n．__________ 9．shell n．__________ 10．innovative adj．__________ 11．refillable adj．__________ 12．bin n．__________ 13．carton n．__________ 14．__________ n．餐具 15．__________ n．委员会；理事会 16．__________ n．道路施工 17．__________ adj．不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的 18．__________ n．机构；研究院 19．__________ n．家禽肉，家禽 20．__________ n．委员会 21．__________ n．庙宇，寺院 22．__________ 孔子 23．__________ n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj．(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的 24．__________ vt．雕，刻 25．__________ n．台风 26．__________ adj．大西洋的
拓展 词汇 1．conservation n．保护→__________ vt．保护；节约→__________ adj．保守的；守旧的 2．destroy vt．破坏；毁掉→__________ n．破坏；毁坏 3．mining n．采矿业→__________ n．矿；矿井→__________ n．矿工 4．recycle vi．& vt．再利用，回收利用→__________ adj．可回收利用的；可再循环的→__________ adj．不可回收的 5．informative adj．有教育意义的；知识性强的→__________ v．通知→__________ n．信息 6．illegally adv．非法地，违法地→__________ adj．非法的，违法的→__________ adv．合法地→__________ adj．合法的 7．hunt vi．& vt．猎取，猎杀→__________ n．打猎→__________ n．猎人 8．extinct adj．灭绝的，绝种的→__________ n．灭绝 9．urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的→__________ adv．迫切地；急切地→__________ n．紧急情况 10．unusual adj．异常的；不平常的→__________ adv．不寻常地→__________ adj．平常的→__________ adv．通常地 11．varied adj．各种各样的，形形色色的→__________ v．变化→__________ adj．各种各样的→__________ n．种类 12．endangered adj．濒危的→__________ v．使面临危险；危及；危害→__________ n．危险→__________ adj．危险的 13．consumer n．消费者→__________ v．消费；消耗；吃，喝→__________ n．消费；消耗 14．wasteful adj．浪费的；挥霍的→__________ v．& n．浪费 15．dirt n．灰尘，尘土→__________ adj．脏的 16．realistic adj．现实的，实际的→__________ adj．真的；真实的→__________ adv．真正地；确实地→__________ n．真实；现实→__________ vt．实现；认识到 17．aware adj．意识到的，明白的→__________ n．意识→__________ adj．不知道的；未察觉到的 18．collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑→__________ v．收集；收藏 19．anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→__________ n．焦虑 20．reusable adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的→__________ v．再使用，重复使用 21．stuck adj．卡住的，无法移动的→__________ v．将……刺入(或插入)；刺 22．annoyed adj．烦恼的，生气的→__________ vt．使……不悦；惹恼→__________ adj．使人烦恼的→__________ n．生气；令人烦恼的事物 23．anger n．愤怒；怒气→__________ adj．生气的；愤怒的→__________ adv．气愤地；愤怒地 24．relate vi．相联系，有关联→__________ adj．相联系的→__________ n．联系，关联 25．regular adj．定期的，有规律的→__________ adv．有规律地→__________ adj．无规律的 26．suit vt．适合 n．套装→__________ adj．适合的 27．opponent n．反对者；对手，敌手→__________ v．反对→__________ adj．反对的；截然不同的 28．cruel adj．残忍的→__________ adv．残忍地；残酷地→__________ n．残忍 29．chemical n．化学品 adj．化学的→__________ n．化学→__________ n．化学家；药剂师 30．scenic adj．景色优美的→__________ n．地点，现场；场面→__________ n．风景 31．historic adj．古老的；历史上重要的→__________ n．历史→__________ n．历史学家
高频 短语 1．die out__________ 2．wipe out__________ 3．be to blame__________ 4．be at risk__________ 5．traffic jam__________ 6．stressed out__________ 7．__________ 与……有关联 8．__________ 例如 9．__________ 概括，总结 10．__________ 起某种作用 11．__________ 尽自己的职责 12．__________ 开始做某事，着手进行
句型 公式 1．Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally，the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern．(It is＋形容词＋for sb．to do．．．) 虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。 2．They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1，000 times faster than normal．(倍数表达法) 他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。 3．Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive．(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句) 没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。 4．This morning，it took me 40 minutes to go downtown．(It takes sb．some time to do．．．) 今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。 5．How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry？(形容词短语作状语) 又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？ 6．Up to 90 people can travel in one bus，while the same number will need at least 18 cars．(while连接并列句) 一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。 7．But of course，as the professor said：“We all have a role to play in protecting the environment．If we all do our part，we can live a healthier life on Earth．”(as引导非限制性定语从句) 当然，正如教授所说，“我们都有责任保护环境。如果我们各尽其责，我们就能在地球上过上更健康的生活。” 8．If we don't do something now，there will be no rhinos left in the world in 20 years．(there is．．．left) 如果我们现在不采取行动20年后世界上就没有犀牛了。 9．It sounds like a wonderful idea，but I wonder how many people really shop there．(I wonder．．．) 听起来是个不错的主意，但我想知道到底有多少人在那里购物。
It's said that dinosaurs died out because of a natural disaster．But now，many species are endangered or even extinct just because humans do varied harm to them．For instance，tigers are being illegally hunted in 1．__________ incredibly cruel way for their fur while rhinos，for their horns．Besides，we have destroyed their habitats by 2．__________(cut) down trees，throwing away unrecyclable plastic rubbish everywhere and discharging 3．__________ (pollute) water that contains poisonous chemicals into rivers．
It is human activity 4．__________ is to blame for the mass extinction．However，we should be aware of the fact that without the species on 5．__________ we depend for our survival，we would be also at risk．Many anxious environmentalists write informative and innovative 6．__________ (essay) to educate people to go green．Conservation measures involve switching to solar energy，stopping using throwaway cartons or chopsticks that can't 7．__________ (recycle)，and taking public transportation on a regular 8．__________ (base) to and from work．To sum up，everybody has a role 9．__________ (play) in protecting our planet and if we all set out to do our part，the 10．__________ (harmony) world will be restored．
1．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)In addition，drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports，posing __________ threat to planes that are taking off or landing．
②Being stuck in a big fire is __________，and we are __________ with it．(threat)
③David threatened __________ (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid．
　完成句子
由于我们仍然处于威胁之下，真的很佩服他们的勇气和贡献。
Since ___________________________________________，we really admire them for their courage and contribution．
◎a threat构成威胁的人或事物
◎under threat受到威胁
◎threaten v．威胁；恐吓；威胁到，危及；预示凶兆
◎threaten to do sth．威胁要做某事
◎threaten sb．with用……威胁某人
◎threatening adj．威胁的；恐吓的
◎Pollution poses a great threat to our existence，and it is high time we took measures to address it．
污染对我们的生存构成巨大威胁，我们是时候采取措施应对它了。
2．switch [课本义]vi．& vt．转换，改变　[增补义]vt．交换；调换；对调 n．改变；转变；开关；闸
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)In 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major __________ aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country．
②And just in time for the trial performance，I was able to maintain power in my singing despite the switch __________ a head voice．
　完成句子
离开办公室时一定要关灯。
_________________________________________ when you leave the office．
◎switch off切断(电源、气体等)
◎switch on打开(开关)；接通(电源等)
◎switch (from．．．) to．．．(从……)转变成，(从……)转换到
◎switch sth．with sb．和某人交换某物
◎The new software allows users to switch data with other devices easily．
这款新软件允许用户轻松地与其他设备交换数据。
3．urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的
①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists __________ (urge) us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI．
②He denounces people who urge him __________ (change) his ways．
③I need not press on you the __________ (urgent) of the matter．
　完成句子
急需合格的教师。
_________________________________________ for qualified teachers．
◎urge v．催促；力劝；竭力主张
◎urge sb．to do sth．敦促某人做某事
◎urgency n．紧急的事；紧急
◎“Problems such as some inheritors aging，and the single transmission method of traditional cultures are urgent issues that need to be solved，” she said．
她说： “一些遗产继承人老龄化、传统文化传承方式单一等问题是亟待解决的问题。”
4．decrease n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Through Snow's tireless efforts，water companies began to sell clean water，and the threat of cholera around the world saw __________ substantial decrease．
②Last year the number of independent firms decreased __________ 198 to 96．
③We have no idea when the price will decrease __________ the level we can afford．
　应用文写作之动物保护
由于人类的活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。
Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals ________________
________________________________________________________．
◎a decrease in．．．……减少
◎decrease to．．．减少到……
◎decrease by．．．减少了……
◎decrease from．．．to．．．从……减少到……
◎on the decrease正在减少
◎on the increase正在增加
◎There has been a steady decrease in the number of visitors．
游客人数一直在稳步下降。
5．blame [课本义]vt．责怪，指责　[增补义]n．(坏事或错事的)责任；责备；指责
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise __________ (blame) on humans．
②It was the professor rather than his assistant that was __________ (blame) for what had happened in the lab．
③Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame __________ the alarm clock．
　句式升级
(普通表达)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network．
(高级表达)_______ __________________________________，Alice was in low spirits．(过去分词短语作状语)
◎blame sb．for．．．因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
◎blame sth．on sb．/sth．把某事归咎于某人/某物
◎be to blame (for sth．)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
◎put/lay the blame for sth．on．．．把某事推到……身上/归咎于……
◎The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident．
报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
6．relate [课本义]vi．相联系，有关联　[增补义]vt．使有联系；把……联系起来；叙述；讲述
①(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 5)Next，think about the words and phrases you would like to use．Make a list of words __________ (relate) to your theme．
②I am not __________ (relate) to him in any way．
③It's unfortunate when a father and son can't relate __________ each other．
　应用文写作之建议信
你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。
①You should write down all the information ___________________________________________ the problem．(relate)
②You should write down all the information ________________________________
_________________ the problem．(relation)
◎relate．．．to．．．向……讲述……；把……和……联系起来
◎relate to．．．和……有关联；涉及；谈到；了解
◎related adj．有联系的；相关的
◎be related to 与……有关联
◎relation n．联系，关系
◎in/with relation to关于；涉及；与……相比
◎The only stipulation is that the topic you choose must be related to your studies．
唯一的要求是你选择的题目必须和你的研究科目相关。
7．claim [课本义]vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求　[增补义]vt．索取 n．索赔
①(人教版必修第三册Unit 3)Over 3，000 lives __________ (claim) in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it．
②You could have claimed the cost of the hotel room __________ your insurance．
③He entered the manager's office and made a claim __________ higher pay．
　完成句子
据称，幽默不仅会影响患者的情绪，而且还能帮助他们更快地康复。
_________________________________________ humour not only affects patients' moods，but can actually help them recover faster．
◎claim sth．要求获得某物；认领某物
◎claim sth．from sth．从……中索要……
◎claim to do/be．．．声称要做/是……
◎It is claimed that．．．声称/据说……
◎claim to have done．．．声称做了……
◎make a claim for要求……；主张……
◎It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week．
据说有些医生每周工作80小时。
8．die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝
①(人教版必修第三册Unit 3)Thousands of them were killed or forced into slavery．In addition，many died __________ the diseases brought by the Europeans．
②Their chatter and laughter died __________ as the group rushed out of the classroom．
③When all the guests had left，the whole house died __________．
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals die __________．
　应用文写作之环境保护
最终，这些濒危的动物可能会灭绝。
As a result，_________________________________________．
◎die away逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
◎die down逐渐降低，逐渐平息
◎die off相继死去
◎die of死于(内因)
◎die from死于(外因)
◎If we don't protect nature，some wildlife may die out in the future．
如果我们不保护自然，一些野生动物可能会在未来灭绝。
9．be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
①(人教版必修第三册Unit 4)This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge __________ (risk)．
②He jumped into the river __________ the risk of losing his life．
③He worked hard，for he couldn't risk __________ (lose) the good job．
　读后续写之人物描写
当同事身处危险时他表现英勇，不顾个人安危。
He showed himself careless of personal safety when the lives of his colleagues ___________________________________________________________________．
◎at risk of/from．．．有……的危险
◎at the risk of．．．冒着……的风险
◎take risks/a risk冒险
◎put one's life at risk冒生命危险
◎risk (sb．/sth．) doing sth．冒险做某事
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse．
她说，我们必须掌控人工智能，否则就有被边缘化的风险，甚至可能更糟。
10．set out [课本义]开始做某事，着手进行　[增补义]动身；启程
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)They set __________ at 9：00 a．m．and thought they would reach the airport an hour later．
②When the meeting was over，he set about __________ (write) a report about it immediately．
③Mary would always set __________ new ideas that occurred to her．
　词汇升级
(普通表达)Considering his health，I advise him to save an hour or two each day to work out．
(高级表达)Considering his health，I advise him to __________________________
_____________________ an hour or two each day to work out．
◎set out to do sth．开始做某事
◎set about (doing) sth．着手(做)某事
◎set aside把……放置一旁，不理会；留出
◎set back 使推迟，耽误
◎set down写下；记下
◎set in(雨、恶劣天气等)到来
◎set off动身，出发；引发，激起；使爆炸
◎set up创立
◎We set out to determine exactly what happened that night．
我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。
11．[教材原句]Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive．(without引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句)
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
①Without providing the required personal information，you __________ (consider) as having given up on the test．
②Mr Brown gave me a helping hand．Otherwise，I __________ (get) into great trouble．
③But __________ your advice，I would have no way to deal with the problem．
　完成句子
如果不是膝盖受伤，他将参加今天的篮球赛。
But for a knee injury，_________________________________________．
◎without引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。
◎有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等。
◎(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life．
除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方。
12．[教材原句]Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America．(with的复合结构)
各地的暴风雨也愈发肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和中美洲。
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)With trees，bushes，and colourful flowers __________ (grow) along the riversides，the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons．
②With so many famous artists __________ (perform) that day，the exhibition will be a great feast for the eyes．
③With all the work __________ (finish)，they felt relaxed．
　完成句子
有很多工作要做，他今晚不得不熬夜。
___________________________________________________________________，he has to stay up tonight．
with的复合结构，形式为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，这一结构在句中可作状语也可作定语。在这一结构中，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。
◎(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable，the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme．
一旦一对学生被确定为合适的，他们将被单独联系，并获得一个特殊的许可号码，以注册该项目。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．All the teachers will be __________ in the activity．Your __________ will surely add colour to it．(involve)
2．In the past decades，as a __________ she has __________ many fine paintings．Her __________ cost her a lot．(collect)
3．Usually，it was __________ to have such rainy weather，which made people __________．However，he said he had no __________ at all．He enjoyed walking in the rain．(annoy)
4．The dinosaur was __________ before the appearance of man and if we don't take action，many species will be in danger of __________．(extinct)
5．These biased perspectives cannot __________ (blame) on one single cause．
6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) We were __________ (stick) in the middle of the lake with a dead motor．
7．According to the World Wildlife Fund，the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500，giving the rhinos a “critically __________ (endanger)” status．
8．They should also prepare plenty of __________ (reuse) bags to carry their “new” clothes home．
9．All the afternoon he worked with the door __________ (lock)．
10．The __________ (urgent) of the situation requires that we should make an immediate decision．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．jam
A．n．拥挤，堵塞　B．n．果酱　C．n．困境，窘境　D．vt．(使)卡住
(1)Strawberries are used for making pies and jam． __________
(2)(2023·全国甲卷) Here's a riddle：What do traffic jams，long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common？ __________
(3)The door jammed behind me and I couldn't get out． __________
(4)I'm in a jam—could you lend me some money till next week __________
2．gas
A．n．气，气体　B．vt．用毒气杀死　C．vi．闲聊
(1)Susan came round and we sat gassing for hours． __________
(2)Hundreds of thousands of soldiers were gassed in the First World War．
__________
(3)Do you prefer cooking with electricity or gas？ __________
3．switch
A．vt．转换；开/关　B．n．开关　C．n．转换；转变
(1)He pulls out a special device，points it at the suspect，and switches it on．
__________
(2)(2023·浙江1月卷)Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch，but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire． __________
(3)He snatched up the receiver and his free hand reached for the switch on the bedside lamp． __________
4．(2023·浙江1月卷) We all know that regular exercise is important，but few of us know how to exercise properly． __________
A．adj．符合规定的；正当的
B．adj．定期的，有规律的
C．n．常客
5．Some people still claim that there is no firm evidence linking smoking with lung cancer． __________
A．vt．认领　　　B．vt．索赔　　　C．vt．声称
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．现在，严重的污染导致许多生物的数量在减少。我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的环境。
Nowadays，heavy pollution causes the number of many creatures ________________
_______________________．We should ____________________________________
___________________ to protect our environment．
2．人类应该为所有的污染负责。
(1)Humans should _________________________________________ all the pollution．
(2)Humans should _________________________________________ all the pollution．
3．Though he was affected with high fever，he continued with his work．
→_________________________________________，he continued with his work．(过去分词作状语)
4．他不适合这份工作，两周后就离职了。
(1)The job __________ and he left after two weeks．(suit)
(2)The job __________ and he left after two weeks．(suitable)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1．活动形式；
2．活动内容。
　写作微练
①很高兴知道你们正在策划以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，我写信给你们提供一些建议。
Glad to know that ______________________， I'm writing to offer some suggestions．
②建议组织一次环城徒步旅行，探索北京的绿色地方，同时推广环保交通。(organise)
__________________________________________________ to explore the green places in Beijing while you are promoting eco-friendly transportation．
③着手种树，既美化城市，又净化空气。(set out)
_______________________________ to not only beautify the city but also purify the air．
④绿色北京离不开大家的共同努力，所以我强调的是当地志愿者和环保组织之间的合作。
_________________________________________，and as a consequence，I ________________________________________________ between local volunteers and local environmental organisations．
⑤只要你考虑以上建议，你就可以成功地组织这个活动，所以不要感到有压力。
________________________________________，and you will succeed in organising this activity，so don't ________________________________________________．
⑥我期待着与大家一起参与这次活动，共同提高环保意识。(strengthen)
I am looking forward to participating in this event and _______________________
_______________ together．
　句式升级
⑦将②改为省略句
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
⑧用why not改写③中的句子
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
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　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 情感描写：anxious；stressed out；anger；annoyed；cruel
动作描写：destroy；recycle；do one's part；hunt；wipe out；decrease；hatch；sum；restore；relate；blame；set out；wrap；swallow；affect；carve
环境描写：dirt；traffic jam；typhoon；valley；scenic；historic；varied；plastic；packaging；shell；thunderstorm
美句 1．How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry 2．Do whichever of these things that suit you．Don't just sit around and complain！
拓展 语料 语块 drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低头；put/hold/bury one's head in one's hands 双手抱头；nod/shake one's head 点/摇头；rest one's head on/against 把头靠在……上面；scratch one's head 挠头；raise one's head 抬头；throw one's head back 把头往后仰
句型 1．When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 他回到家，把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。 2．Her mother stopped her housework，raising her head with worry in her eyes．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 她母亲停止了家务，抬起头，眼里流露出忧虑。 3．I rose，sat close to my mother，rested my head on her shoulder and could hardly resist weeping．(动作链描写) 我站起来，坐在母亲身边，把头靠在她的肩膀上，忍不住哭了起来。 4．I walked slowly to the bus，my head down，tears in my eyes．(独立主格结构) 我慢慢地向公共汽车走去，低着头，眼里含着泪水。
　语料运用
①我住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇。然而，最近我对一些现象感到恼火，我无法控制我的愤怒。
I lived in a historic and scenic town．However，I ____________________________ recently and I couldn't swallow my anger．
②当我慢慢地走在每一个地方时，我看到了各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和刻在墙上和树上的字。
When I walked slowly in each place，I saw ____________________________，shells of nuts and characters carved on walls and trees．
③我抬起头，擦了擦眼泪，眼里充满了希望。
I __________________________________，with hope in my eyes．
④镇上经常有交通堵塞。我很担心我的小镇，于是我开始和其他环保主义者一起清理垃圾。
There were often traffic jams in the town．______________________，I ____________________________ with other environmentalists．
⑤我决定用自己的行为去影响别人，而不是把污染归咎于游客。
Instead of ______________________，I decided to affect others with my behaviour．
21/21核心 词汇 1．plastic adj．塑料制的 2．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能 3．switch vi．& vt．转换，改变 4．incredibly adv．非常地，极端地 5．species n．物种，种 6．mass adj．大量的 7．decrease n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少 8．blame vt．责怪，指责 9．affect vt．影响 10．solar adj．太阳光(能)的 11．restore vt．(使)恢复 12．wrap vt．包，裹 13．transportation n．交通运输系统，运输方式 14．swallow vi．& vt．吞下，咽下 15．chopsticks n．筷子 16．jam n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱 17．decade n．十年，十年期 18．gas n．气，气体 19．cancer n．癌症 20．essay n．论说文；散文 21．involve vt．包含，需要 22．billion n．十亿 23．instance n．例子，实例 24．claim vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求 25．drug n．药物，药材；毒品 26．sum vt．概括，总结n．金额，款项；总数 27．valley n．谷，山谷 28．thunderstorm n．雷暴 29．agricultural adj．农业的
阅读 词汇 1．item n．一项，一条 2．rhino n．犀牛 3．horn n．(牛、羊等头上的)角 4．asteroid n．小行星 5．hatch vi．& vt．(使)孵化 6．packet n．小包，小盒 7．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料 8．coconut n．椰子 9．shell n．壳；贝壳 10．innovative adj．新颖的，创新的，革新的 11．refillable adj．可再填充的 12．bin n．垃圾箱 13．carton n．硬纸盒；塑料盒 14．cutlery n．餐具 15．council n．委员会；理事会 16．roadworks n．道路施工 17．organic adj．不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的 18．institute n．机构；研究院 19．poultry n．家禽肉，家禽 20．committee n．委员会 21．temple n．庙宇，寺院 22．Confucius 孔子 23．memorial n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj．(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的 24．carve vt．雕，刻 25．typhoon n．台风 26．Atlantic adj．大西洋的
拓展 词汇 1．conservation n．保护→conserve vt．保护；节约→conservative adj．保守的；守旧的 2．destroy vt．破坏；毁掉→destruction n．破坏；毁坏 3．mining n．采矿业→mine n．矿；矿井→miner n．矿工 4．recycle vi．& vt．再利用，回收利用→recyclable adj．可回收利用的；可再循环的→unrecyclable adj．不可回收的 5．informative adj．有教育意义的；知识性强的→inform v．通知→information n．信息 6．illegally adv．非法地，违法地→illegal adj．非法的，违法的→legally adv．合法地→legal adj．合法的 7．hunt vi．& vt．猎取，猎杀→hunting n．打猎→hunter n．猎人 8．extinct adj．灭绝的，绝种的→extinction n．灭绝 9．urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的→urgently adv．迫切地；急切地→urgency n．紧急情况 10．unusual adj．异常的；不平常的→unusually adv．不寻常地→usual adj．平常的→usually adv．通常地 11．varied adj．各种各样的，形形色色的→vary v．变化→various adj．各种各样的→variety n．种类 12．endangered adj．濒危的→endanger v．使面临危险；危及；危害→danger n．危险→dangerous adj．危险的 13．consumer n．消费者→consume v．消费；消耗；吃，喝→consumption n．消费；消耗 14．wasteful adj．浪费的；挥霍的→waste v．& n．浪费 15．dirt n．灰尘，尘土→dirty adj．脏的 16．realistic adj．现实的，实际的→real adj．真的；真实的→really adv．真正地；确实地→reality n．真实；现实→realize vt．实现；认识到 17．aware adj．意识到的，明白的→awareness n．意识→unaware adj．不知道的；未察觉到的 18．collection n．收集；收藏品；专辑→collect v．收集；收藏 19．anxious adj．焦虑的，不安的→anxiety n．焦虑 20．reusable adj．可再使用的，可重复使用的→reuse v．再使用，重复使用 21．stuck adj．卡住的，无法移动的→stick v．将……刺入(或插入)；刺 22．annoyed adj．烦恼的，生气的→annoy vt．使……不悦；惹恼→annoying adj．使人烦恼的→annoyance n．生气；令人烦恼的事物 23．anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj．生气的；愤怒的→angrily adv．气愤地；愤怒地 24．relate vi．相联系，有关联→related adj．相联系的→relation n．联系，关联 25．regular adj．定期的，有规律的→regularly adv．有规律地→irregular adj．无规律的 26．suit vt．适合 n．套装→suitable adj．适合的 27．opponent n．反对者；对手，敌手→oppose v．反对→opposed adj．反对的；截然不同的 28．cruel adj．残忍的→cruelly adv．残忍地；残酷地→cruelty n．残忍 29．chemical n．化学品 adj．化学的→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学家；药剂师 30．scenic adj．景色优美的→scene n．地点，现场；场面→scenery n．风景 31．historic adj．古老的；历史上重要的→history n．历史→historian n．历史学家
高频 短语 1．die out消失；绝迹，灭绝 2．wipe out彻底毁灭 3．be to blame(对某事)负有责任 4．be at risk处境危险，受到威胁 5．traffic jam交通堵塞 6．stressed out焦虑的 7．be related to 与……有关联 8．for instance 例如 9．sum up 概括，总结 10．have a role 起某种作用 11．do one's part 尽自己的职责 12．set out 开始做某事，着手进行
句型 公式 1．Although it is not unusual for species to die out naturally，the rate at which this is now happening is cause for concern．(It is＋形容词＋for sb．to do．．．) 虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但现在灭绝的速度让人担忧。 2．They found that human activity is causing species to die out 1，000 times faster than normal．(倍数表达法) 他们发现人类活动导致物种灭亡的速度比正常情况快1 000倍。 3．Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive．(without 引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句) 没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。 4．This morning，it took me 40 minutes to go downtown．(It takes sb．some time to do．．．) 今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。 5．How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry？(形容词短语作状语) 又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？ 6．Up to 90 people can travel in one bus，while the same number will need at least 18 cars．(while连接并列句) 一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而乘坐小轿车这些人至少需要18辆车。 7．But of course，as the professor said：“We all have a role to play in protecting the environment．If we all do our part，we can live a healthier life on Earth．”(as引导非限制性定语从句) 当然，正如教授所说，“我们都有责任保护环境。如果我们各尽其责，我们就能在地球上过上更健康的生活。” 8．If we don't do something now，there will be no rhinos left in the world in 20 years．(there is．．．left) 如果我们现在不采取行动20年后世界上就没有犀牛了。 9．It sounds like a wonderful idea，but I wonder how many people really shop there．(I wonder．．．) 听起来是个不错的主意，但我想知道到底有多少人在那里购物。
It's said that dinosaurs died out because of a natural disaster．But now，many species are endangered or even extinct just because humans do varied harm to them．For instance，tigers are being illegally hunted in 1．an incredibly cruel way for their fur while rhinos，for their horns．Besides，we have destroyed their habitats by 2．cutting(cut) down trees，throwing away unrecyclable plastic rubbish everywhere and discharging 3．polluted (pollute) water that contains poisonous chemicals into rivers．
It is human activity 4．that is to blame for the mass extinction．However，we should be aware of the fact that without the species on 5．which we depend for our survival，we would be also at risk．Many anxious environmentalists write informative and innovative 6．essays (essay) to educate people to go green．Conservation measures involve switching to solar energy，stopping using throwaway cartons or chopsticks that can't 7．be recycled (recycle)，and taking public transportation on a regular 8．basis (base) to and from work．To sum up，everybody has a role 9．to play (play) in protecting our planet and if we all set out to do our part，the 10．harmonious (harmony) world will be restored．
1．threat n．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能
①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)In addition，drones cause much trouble for airlines as some of them fly near airports，posing a threat to planes that are taking off or landing．
②Being stuck in a big fire is threatening，and we are threatened with it．(threat)
③David threatened to report (report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid．
　完成句子
由于我们仍然处于威胁之下，真的很佩服他们的勇气和贡献。
Since we are still under threat，we really admire them for their courage and contribution．
◎a threat构成威胁的人或事物
◎under threat受到威胁
◎threaten v．威胁；恐吓；威胁到，危及；预示凶兆
◎threaten to do sth．威胁要做某事
◎threaten sb．with用……威胁某人
◎threatening adj．威胁的；恐吓的
◎Pollution poses a great threat to our existence，and it is high time we took measures to address it．
污染对我们的生存构成巨大威胁，我们是时候采取措施应对它了。
2．switch [课本义]vi．& vt．转换，改变　[增补义]vt．交换；调换；对调 n．改变；转变；开关；闸
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)In 1932，Qian made the decision to switch his major to aviation because he realised that China needed its own powerful air force to protect and defend the country．
②And just in time for the trial performance，I was able to maintain power in my singing despite the switch to a head voice．
　完成句子
离开办公室时一定要关灯。
Be sure to switch off the light when you leave the office．
◎switch off切断(电源、气体等)
◎switch on打开(开关)；接通(电源等)
◎switch (from．．．) to．．．(从……)转变成，(从……)转换到
◎switch sth．with sb．和某人交换某物
◎The new software allows users to switch data with other devices easily．
这款新软件允许用户轻松地与其他设备交换数据。
3．urgent adj．紧急的，急迫的
①(译林版选择性必修第二册Unit 4)As we become more and more dependent on computers，some scientists are urging (urge) us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI．
②He denounces people who urge him to change (change) his ways．
③I need not press on you the urgency (urgent) of the matter．
　完成句子
急需合格的教师。
There is an urgent need for qualified teachers．
◎urge v．催促；力劝；竭力主张
◎urge sb．to do sth．敦促某人做某事
◎urgency n．紧急的事；紧急
◎“Problems such as some inheritors aging，and the single transmission method of traditional cultures are urgent issues that need to be solved，” she said．
她说： “一些遗产继承人老龄化、传统文化传承方式单一等问题是亟待解决的问题。”
4．decrease n．减少；减少的量vi．& vt．减少
①(人教版选择性必修第二册Unit 1)Through Snow's tireless efforts，water companies began to sell clean water，and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease．
②Last year the number of independent firms decreased from 198 to 96．
③We have no idea when the price will decrease to the level we can afford．
　应用文写作之动物保护
由于人类的活动，一些稀有动物的数量正在减少。
Because of human activities，the number of some rare animals is on the decrease．
◎a decrease in．．．……减少
◎decrease to．．．减少到……
◎decrease by．．．减少了……
◎decrease from．．．to．．．从……减少到……
◎on the decrease正在减少
◎on the increase正在增加
◎There has been a steady decrease in the number of visitors．
游客人数一直在稳步下降。
5．blame [课本义]vt．责怪，指责　[增补义]n．(坏事或错事的)责任；责备；指责
①(外研版选择性必修第一册Unit 5)The extinction of the Pinta Island tortoise is blamed (blame) on humans．
②It was the professor rather than his assistant that was to blame (blame) for what had happened in the lab．
③Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock．
　句式升级
(普通表达)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network．
(高级表达)Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits．(过去分词短语作状语)
◎blame sb．for．．．因……而指责某人；把……归咎于某人
◎blame sth．on sb．/sth．把某事归咎于某人/某物
◎be to blame (for sth．)(为某事)承担责任；(因某事)该受责备(主动形式表被动意义)
◎put/lay the blame for sth．on．．．把某事推到……身上/归咎于……
◎The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident．
报告披露这次事故是人为原因造成的。
6．relate [课本义]vi．相联系，有关联　[增补义]vt．使有联系；把……联系起来；叙述；讲述
①(人教版选择性必修第三册Unit 5)Next，think about the words and phrases you would like to use．Make a list of words related (relate) to your theme．
②I am not related (relate) to him in any way．
③It's unfortunate when a father and son can't relate to each other．
　应用文写作之建议信
你应该把与这个问题有关的所有信息都写下来。
①You should write down all the information related to the problem．(relate)
②You should write down all the information in/with relation to the problem．(relation)
◎relate．．．to．．．向……讲述……；把……和……联系起来
◎relate to．．．和……有关联；涉及；谈到；了解
◎related adj．有联系的；相关的
◎be related to 与……有关联
◎relation n．联系，关系
◎in/with relation to关于；涉及；与……相比
◎The only stipulation is that the topic you choose must be related to your studies．
唯一的要求是你选择的题目必须和你的研究科目相关。
7．claim [课本义]vt．声称；断言；主张 n．声称；(根据权利而提出的)要求　[增补义]vt．索取 n．索赔
①(人教版必修第三册Unit 3)Over 3，000 lives were claimed (claim) in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it．
②You could have claimed the cost of the hotel room from your insurance．
③He entered the manager's office and made a claim for higher pay．
　完成句子
据称，幽默不仅会影响患者的情绪，而且还能帮助他们更快地康复。
It is claimed that humour not only affects patients' moods，but can actually help them recover faster．
◎claim sth．要求获得某物；认领某物
◎claim sth．from sth．从……中索要……
◎claim to do/be．．．声称要做/是……
◎It is claimed that．．．声称/据说……
◎claim to have done．．．声称做了……
◎make a claim for要求……；主张……
◎It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week．
据说有些医生每周工作80小时。
8．die out 消失；绝迹，灭绝
①(人教版必修第三册Unit 3)Thousands of them were killed or forced into slavery．In addition，many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans．
②Their chatter and laughter died away as the group rushed out of the classroom．
③When all the guests had left，the whole house died down．
④We need to take action before all the endangered animals die out．
　应用文写作之环境保护
最终，这些濒危的动物可能会灭绝。
As a result，these endangered animals may die out．
◎die away逐渐减弱，逐渐模糊，逐渐消失
◎die down逐渐降低，逐渐平息
◎die off相继死去
◎die of死于(内因)
◎die from死于(外因)
◎If we don't protect nature，some wildlife may die out in the future．
如果我们不保护自然，一些野生动物可能会在未来灭绝。
9．be at risk 处境危险，受到威胁
①(人教版必修第三册Unit 4)This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks (risk)．
②He jumped into the river at the risk of losing his life．
③He worked hard，for he couldn't risk losing (lose) the good job．
　读后续写之人物描写
当同事身处危险时他表现英勇，不顾个人安危。
He showed himself careless of personal safety when the lives of his colleagues were at risk．
◎at risk of/from．．．有……的危险
◎at the risk of．．．冒着……的风险
◎take risks/a risk冒险
◎put one's life at risk冒生命危险
◎risk (sb．/sth．) doing sth．冒险做某事
◎(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)She says it is essential that we keep control of artificial intelligence，or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse．
她说，我们必须掌控人工智能，否则就有被边缘化的风险，甚至可能更糟。
10．set out [课本义]开始做某事，着手进行　[增补义]动身；启程
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 2)They set off at 9：00 a．m．and thought they would reach the airport an hour later．
②When the meeting was over，he set about writing (write) a report about it immediately．
③Mary would always set down new ideas that occurred to her．
　词汇升级
(普通表达)Considering his health，I advise him to save an hour or two each day to work out．
(高级表达)Considering his health，I advise him to set aside an hour or two each day to work out．
◎set out to do sth．开始做某事
◎set about (doing) sth．着手(做)某事
◎set aside把……放置一旁，不理会；留出
◎set back 使推迟，耽误
◎set down写下；记下
◎set in(雨、恶劣天气等)到来
◎set off动身，出发；引发，激起；使爆炸
◎set up创立
◎We set out to determine exactly what happened that night．
我们着手查明那天晚上发生的事情。
11．[教材原句]Without forests，we would have no air to breathe，and without clean water we would be unable to survive．(without引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句)
没有森林，我们就不能呼吸空气；没有干净的水，我们将无法生存。
①Without providing the required personal information，you would be considered (consider) as having given up on the test．
②Mr Brown gave me a helping hand．Otherwise，I would have got (get) into great trouble．
③But for your advice，I would have no way to deal with the problem．
　完成句子
如果不是膝盖受伤，他将参加今天的篮球赛。
But for a knee injury，he would take part in the basketball match today．
◎without引导含蓄虚拟语气条件句既可表示与现在事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should do)；也可表示与过去事实相反的假设(主句中用would/could/might/should have done)。
◎有类似用法的还有：with，otherwise/or(否则)，but for(要不是)等。
◎(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life．
除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方。
12．[教材原句]Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America．(with的复合结构)
各地的暴风雨也愈发肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和中美洲。
①(人教版选择性必修第一册Unit 3)With trees，bushes，and colourful flowers growing (grow) along the riversides，the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons．
②With so many famous artists to perform (perform) that day，the exhibition will be a great feast for the eyes．
③With all the work finished (finish)，they felt relaxed．
　完成句子
有很多工作要做，他今晚不得不熬夜。
With a lot of work to do，he has to stay up tonight．
with的复合结构，形式为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，这一结构在句中可作状语也可作定语。在这一结构中，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式等。
◎(2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined to be suitable，the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme．
一旦一对学生被确定为合适的，他们将被单独联系，并获得一个特殊的许可号码，以注册该项目。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．All the teachers will be involved in the activity．Your involvement will surely add colour to it．(involve)
2．In the past decades，as a collector she has collected many fine paintings．Her collection cost her a lot．(collect)
3．Usually，it was annoying to have such rainy weather，which made people annoyed．However，he said he had no annoyance at all．He enjoyed walking in the rain．(annoy)
4．The dinosaur was extinct before the appearance of man and if we don't take action，many species will be in danger of extinction．(extinct)
5．These biased perspectives cannot be blamed (blame) on one single cause．
6．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) We were stuck (stick) in the middle of the lake with a dead motor．
7．According to the World Wildlife Fund，the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5，500，giving the rhinos a “critically endangered (endanger)” status．
8．They should also prepare plenty of reusable (reuse) bags to carry their “new” clothes home．
9．All the afternoon he worked with the door locked (lock)．
10．The urgency (urgent) of the situation requires that we should make an immediate decision．
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．jam
A．n．拥挤，堵塞　B．n．果酱　C．n．困境，窘境　D．vt．(使)卡住
(1)Strawberries are used for making pies and jam． B
(2)(2023·全国甲卷) Here's a riddle：What do traffic jams，long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common？ A
(3)The door jammed behind me and I couldn't get out． D
(4)I'm in a jam—could you lend me some money till next week C
2．gas
A．n．气，气体　B．vt．用毒气杀死　C．vi．闲聊
(1)Susan came round and we sat gassing for hours． C
(2)Hundreds of thousands of soldiers were gassed in the First World War． B
(3)Do you prefer cooking with electricity or gas？ A
3．switch
A．vt．转换；开/关　B．n．开关　C．n．转换；转变
(1)He pulls out a special device，points it at the suspect，and switches it on． A
(2)(2023·浙江1月卷)Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch，but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire． C
(3)He snatched up the receiver and his free hand reached for the switch on the bedside lamp． B
4．(2023·浙江1月卷) We all know that regular exercise is important，but few of us know how to exercise properly． B
A．adj．符合规定的；正当的
B．adj．定期的，有规律的
C．n．常客
5．Some people still claim that there is no firm evidence linking smoking with lung cancer． C
A．vt．认领　　　B．vt．索赔　　　C．vt．声称
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．现在，严重的污染导致许多生物的数量在减少。我们应该采取一些措施来保护我们的环境。
Nowadays，heavy pollution causes the number of many creatures on the decrease．We should take some measures to protect our environment．
2．人类应该为所有的污染负责。
(1)Humans should be responsible for all the pollution．
(2)Humans should take the blame for all the pollution．
3．Though he was affected with high fever，he continued with his work．
→Affected with high fever，he continued with his work．(过去分词作状语)
4．他不适合这份工作，两周后就离职了。
(1)The job didn't suit him and he left after two weeks．(suit)
(2)The job wasn't suitable for him and he left after two weeks．(suitable)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim正在策划一次以“绿色北京”为主题的社团活动，他发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1．活动形式；
2．活动内容。
　写作微练
①很高兴知道你们正在策划以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动，我写信给你们提供一些建议。
Glad to know that you're planning the club activity with the theme of “Green Beijing”， I'm writing to offer some suggestions．
②建议组织一次环城徒步旅行，探索北京的绿色地方，同时推广环保交通。(organise)
You are advised to organise a walking tour around the city to explore the green places in Beijing while you are promoting eco-friendly transportation．
③着手种树，既美化城市，又净化空气。(set out)
Set out to plant trees to not only beautify the city but also purify the air．
④绿色北京离不开大家的共同努力，所以我强调的是当地志愿者和环保组织之间的合作。
Without joint efforts，a green Beijing wouldn't be built，and as a consequence，I lay stress on the cooperation between local volunteers and local environmental organisations．
⑤只要你考虑以上建议，你就可以成功地组织这个活动，所以不要感到有压力。
Take the above suggestions into account，and you will succeed in organising this activity，so don't be stressed out．
⑥我期待着与大家一起参与这次活动，共同提高环保意识。(strengthen)
I am looking forward to participating in this event and strengthening environmental awareness together．
　句式升级
⑦将②改为省略句
You are advised to organise a walking tour around the city to explore the green places in Beijing while promoting eco-friendly transportation．
⑧用why not改写③中的句子
Why not set out to plant trees to not only beautify the city but also purify the air
　妙笔成篇
Dear Jim，
Glad to know that you're planning the club activity with the theme of “Green Beijing”， I'm writing to offer some suggestions．
First of all，you are advised to organise a walking tour around the city to explore the green places in Beijing while promoting eco-friendly transportation．Additionally，why not set out to plant trees to not only beautify the city but also purify the air？Last but not least，without joint efforts，a green Beijing wouldn't be built，and as a consequence，I lay stress on the cooperation between local volunteers and local environmental organisations．
All in all，take the above suggestions into account，and you will succeed in organising this activity，so don't be stressed out．I am looking forward to participating in this event and strengthening environmental awareness together．
Yours，
Li Hua
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 情感描写：anxious；stressed out；anger；annoyed；cruel
动作描写：destroy；recycle；do one's part；hunt；wipe out；decrease；hatch；sum；restore；relate；blame；set out；wrap；swallow；affect；carve
环境描写：dirt；traffic jam；typhoon；valley；scenic；historic；varied；plastic；packaging；shell；thunderstorm
美句 1．How often do we arrive at work or school，stressed out，tired and angry 2．Do whichever of these things that suit you．Don't just sit around and complain！
拓展 语料 语块 drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one's head 低头；put/hold/bury one's head in one's hands 双手抱头；nod/shake one's head 点/摇头；rest one's head on/against 把头靠在……上面；scratch one's head 挠头；raise one's head 抬头；throw one's head back 把头往后仰
句型 1．When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 他回到家，把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。 2．Her mother stopped her housework，raising her head with worry in her eyes．(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 她母亲停止了家务，抬起头，眼里流露出忧虑。 3．I rose，sat close to my mother，rested my head on her shoulder and could hardly resist weeping．(动作链描写) 我站起来，坐在母亲身边，把头靠在她的肩膀上，忍不住哭了起来。 4．I walked slowly to the bus，my head down，tears in my eyes．(独立主格结构) 我慢慢地向公共汽车走去，低着头，眼里含着泪水。
　语料运用
①我住在一个历史悠久、风景优美的小镇。然而，最近我对一些现象感到恼火，我无法控制我的愤怒。
I lived in a historic and scenic town．However，I was annoyed at/about some phenomena recently and I couldn't swallow my anger．
②当我慢慢地走在每一个地方时，我看到了各种各样的塑料包装、坚果壳和刻在墙上和树上的字。
When I walked slowly in each place，I saw varied plastic packaging，shells of nuts and characters carved on walls and trees．
③我抬起头，擦了擦眼泪，眼里充满了希望。
I raised my head and wiped my tears，with hope in my eyes．
④镇上经常有交通堵塞。我很担心我的小镇，于是我开始和其他环保主义者一起清理垃圾。
There were often traffic jams in the town．Anxious about my town，I set out to clean up the rubbish with other environmentalists．
⑤我决定用自己的行为去影响别人，而不是把污染归咎于游客。
Instead of blaming tourists for the pollution/blaming the pollution on tourists，I decided to affect others with my behaviour．
课时数智作业(二十一)
Ⅰ．阅读理解
A 篇(限时6分钟)
Wildlife conservation programs are a great way to get involved in the preservation of endangered species，as well as learn how you can help protect them．If you are a wildlife lover，here are some programs you can choose．
·Animal Rescue Project，South Africa
You will be working with experienced conservationists in Cape Town．A significant challenge is to find new homes for homeless dogs and cats．The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes．Due to limited funding，the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff，relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands-on care for these animals．
·Sea Turtle Conservation Project，Sri Lanka
Recent years have witnessed a significant decline in the sea turtle's numbers due to numerous commercial fishing．As a wildlife lover，your role extends to supporting hatcheries (孵化场) in their conservation efforts．Additionally，your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds，as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover，enabling them to generate additional income．
·Wildlife Conservation Program，Australia
You will be engaged in activities such as animal feeding，cleaning，maintenance，and enrichment．This program provides an incredible opportunity to gain first-hand international work experience．For you，this program is an excellent choice．Not only will you contribute to a noble cause，but it also offers a fantastic opportunity to meet people from around the world．
·Marine Conservation Program，Bali
You will be working in Tianyar，where the reef is now in a worsening state．The project was initiated to restore and conserve Tianyar's coral reef，not only to protect its remarkable and delicate ecosystems but also to secure a sustainable future for the residents．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章为野生动物爱好者提供了一些可以选择的保护处于危险中的物种的项目。
1．What problem does the adoption center meet with？(　　)
A．Insufficient equipment．
B．Insecure surroundings．
C．Shortage of shelters．
D．Lack of hands．
D　[细节理解题。根据Animal Rescue Project，South Africa中的“The project comprises two sections: a fully equipped animal hospital and an adoption center focusing on securing new homes．Due to limited funding，the center can only afford a small number of permanent staff，relying heavily on wildlife lovers to assist with daily tasks and provide hands-on care for these animals．”可知，收养中心面对的问题是缺少员工。故选D项。]
2．Which program will offer financial assistance？(　　)
A．Animal Rescue Project，South Africa．
B．Sea Turtle Conservation Project，Sri Lanka．
C．Wildlife Conservation Program，Australia．
D．Marine Conservation Program，Bali．
B　[细节理解题。根据Sea Turtle Conservation Project，Sri Lanka中的“Additionally，your involvement helps these hatcheries with funds，as we provide a placement fee for each wildlife lover，enabling them to generate additional income．”可知，Sea Turtle Conservation Project，Sri Lanka提供经济援助。故选B项。]
3．What is the main purpose of the text？(　　)
A．To promote program cooperation．
B．To advocate restoring ecosystems．
C．To introduce endangered species protection．
D．To encourage engagement in animal preservation．
D　[推理判断题。根据第一段可知，短文的目的是鼓励参与动物保护。故选D项。]
B 篇(限时7分钟)
In the 1970s，a new supermarket selling LPs arrived in my hometown and I began devoting my pocket money to acquiring records．I swiftly developed an affection for Beethoven's Moonlight Sonata，harboring dreams of performing that music myself．Despite the absence of a piano at home，there was one at my grandmother's care home，where I learned to play Beethoven by ear，with pigeons cooing and farmers working in the fields．It was truly magical．
Entering the Royal Academy of Arts at 16 marked the beginning of my artistic journey．In my 30s，I took another significant step in life—marriage．My wife worked at Elephants World，a reserve dedicated to the care of rescued domestic elephants．These elephants have worked for humans all their life and many are blind or disabled from being treated badly，so I wanted to make the effort to carry something heavy myself．For my 50th birthday，my wife successfully persuaded the manager to allow us to bring a piano into the reserve，bringing music to the elephants' lives．
Initially，when I started playing，it was hard to hear the piano above the sounds of nature and the elephants chewing grass．However，everything changed when a blind elephant ceased eating and tuned into my playing．It struck me that this elephant，trapped in a world of darkness，had a profound love for music．From that moment on，there was no longer any concern about disturbing their peace．We occasionally film these performances，and now，we proudly have nearly 700，000 YouTube subscribers．
I continue to play for these elephants that run freely in the reserve，despite the constant potential danger．Surprisingly，it's the moody male elephants who show the most fascination with the music．I firmly believe it has a calming effect．These elephants' breathing actually slows down when I play，which tells me they are relaxed and happy．I've even witnessed elephants seemingly dancing to Beethoven's tunes．With their exceptional hearing and the ability to sense vibrations (震动) through their feet，I am convinced that elephants grasp the language of human expression．This serves as a powerful illustration that music serves as a universal language，connecting us all．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者是如何爱上音乐，并通过给保护区的大象演奏音乐，帮助它们恢复的故事。这有力地说明了音乐是一种通用语言，将我们所有人与动物联系在了一起。
4．What motivated the author's early affection for music？(　　)
A．Exposure to Beethoven's music．
B．Employment at Elephants World．
C．Attendance at the Royal Academy of Arts．
D．Piano teaching at his grandma's care home．
A　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一、二句可知，作者在一开始接触了贝多芬的音乐，促使作者对音乐产生了早期的喜爱。故选A。]
5．What did the author's 50th birthday celebration symbolize？(　　)
A．Personal achievements in music．
B．A combination of music and care．
C．Successful fundraising for the reserve．
D．Recognition for the author's artistic journey．
B　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后两句及第三段的“However，everything changed when a blind elephant ceased eating and tuned into my playing．．．From that moment on，there was no longer any concern about disturbing their peace．”可知，作者的50岁生日象征着作者通过音乐来关怀这些大象，即，音乐与关怀的结合。故选B。]
6．What role did music play in the lives of the elephants in the reserve？(　　)
A．Emotional recovery．
B．Physical exercise．
C．Financial support．
D．Artistic expression．
A　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“I firmly believe it has a calming effect．．．I've even witnessed elephants seemingly dancing to Beethoven's tunes．”可知，音乐的演奏对于保护区的大象来说给了它们情感上的恢复。故选A。]
7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text？(　　)
A．Save the Mistreated Elephants
B．Male Elephants: Moody and Musical
C．Play the Piano for Rescued Elephants
D．Elephants: Animals of Sharp Hearing
C　[标题归纳题。根据全文内容尤其最后一段的“I continue to play for these elephants that run freely in the reserve，despite the constant potential danger．”及“I firmly believe it has a calming effect．．．I've even witnessed elephants seemingly dancing to Beethoven's tunes．”可知，本文介绍了作者是如何爱上音乐，并通过给保护区的大象演奏音乐，帮助它们恢复的故事。C选项“为获救的大象弹钢琴”为最佳标题。故选C。]
C 篇(限时7分钟)
(2024·福建福州三模)
Urban agriculture，the practice of farming within the restrictions of a city，is becoming increasingly popular and is viewed as a sustainable alternative to big industrial farms．By some estimates，between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture．But until recently，its carbon footprint remains understudied．
Using data from 73 low-tech city farms，community gardens and personal plots of land，Newell and his team compared the average carbon emissions of food produced at low-tech urban agriculture sites to those of conventionally grown crops．The team found that because of urban gardens' relatively low yields，along with the energy used in constructing the planting beds，big-city spuds (马铃薯) were significantly more carbon-intensive than commercially grown ones．This held true even when the researchers factored in emissions from transporting commercially grown produce to often distant grocery stores．That doesn't mean that growing vegetables in big cities is totally bad，however．“Urban farming is great，” if imperfect，says Carola Grebitus，a food choice expert．It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education，she says，and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban “food deserts” where healthy fruit and vegetables are hard to come by．Community gardens can also provide a place to connect with nature，and the added green space can reduce the risks of heat and flooding．
Conscious of these benefits，Newell's team highlighted several ways to make urban agriculture more sustainable．One option is to be selective about what crops are grown．For instance，tomatoes grown in the soil of open-air urban plots had a lower carbon intensity than tomatoes grown in conventional greenhouses．Another strategy is to rely on existing constructions．Include old structures into a new garden's design instead of taking down old buildings．Finally，take the local climate，water quality and soil into account．Growing plants that are ill-suited to an area requires more water，energy and pesticides (杀虫剂)，all of which affect the environment．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了城市农业受欢迎，其缺点和优点以及确保城市农业可持续性的策略。
8．What can we know about urban agriculture from paragraph 1？(　　)
A．It is thoroughly researched．
B．It is welcomed by city people．
C．It is environmentally friendly．
D．It is limited to industrial farms．
B　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“Urban agriculture．．．By some estimates，between 20% and 30% of the global urban population engages in some form of urban agriculture．”可知，城市农业受到城市居民的欢迎。故选B。]
9．How does the author explain the reason for urban agriculture's higher carbon intensity？(　　)
A．By making a comparison．
B．By telling a story．
C．By giving a definition．
D．By using a quote．
A　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段第一句可推知，作者通过作比较的方法来解释城市农业碳强度较高的原因。故选A。]
10．According to Carola，what is a benefit of urban agriculture？(　　)
A．It adds variety to urban people's diet．
B．It provides recreational opportunities．
C．It strengthens the bonds of community．
D．It helps to contain drought and flooding．
A　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“‘Urban farming is great，’ if imperfect，says Carola Grebitus，a food choice expert．It can be a powerful tool for job creation and education，she says，and a good way to introduce fresh produce to urban ‘food deserts’ where healthy fruit and vegetables are hard to come by．”可推知，城市农业的好处之一是它增加了城市居民饮食的多样性。故选A。]
11．What is recommended to make urban agriculture more sustainable？(　　)
A．Reconstructing gardens．
B．Developing greenhouse crops．
C．Selecting pesticide-free vegetables．
D．Growing plants suited to local conditions．
D　[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知，文章建议种植适合当地条件的植物，这样可以使城市农业更加可持续发展。故选D。]
Ⅱ．完形填空(限时12分钟)
(2024·广东江门一模)
In 2014，a sophomore student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo．Little did he know that a chance 1 at the aquarium (水族馆) there would light a lifelong passion．
Fast-forward to today，Xu Yitang，a Beijing native，has 2 to the tropical island of South China's Hainan Province，where he serves as a coral 3 for a Sanya-based tropical biological laboratory attached to the Chinese Academy of Sciences．
Each day，he spends several hours diving deep under the waves to observe and 4 the growth and development of the creatures that 5 him all those years ago．Xu，who is nicknamed “coral man”， is 6 engaged on such social media platforms as Sina Weibo，where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of coral．He aims to 7 individuals to take action to protect coral reefs (珊瑚礁) and the oceans as a whole．
For Xu，who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood，becoming a coral conservationist was an 8 turn of events．After he first saw coral at the aquarium，he began to 9 the local market to learn about coral 10 from merchants who sell decorative plants，fish and coral．He also 11 information online．Before long，he had set up a small fish tank at home and started cultivating coral．
“The coral organism is quite sensitive to its environment and has extremely high 12 for water quality，” recalls Xu．“When I started growing coral，its state was not 13 ．” But as Xu gained more 14 about coral，including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels，his coral gradually started to flourish．He also learned that coral reefs are known as “tropical rainforests” and “underwater gardens” of the ocean，providing a 15 for a quarter of all sea creatures．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国戏曲学院的学生徐一唐因一次在水族馆内邂逅珊瑚的经历而对珊瑚产生了终生的热爱，他后来成了一名珊瑚保护主义者。
(　　)1．A．accident　　　 B．encounter
C．application D．performance
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据上文中的“went with friends for a birthday celebration to Beijing Zoo”和下文中的“After he first saw coral at the aquarium”可知，他和朋友一起去北京动物园庆生，并没有特意计划，他在这里第一次见到了珊瑚，所以是偶然在水族馆遇到了珊瑚。故选B。]
(　　)2．A．moved B．driven
C．appealed D．signaled
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“to the tropical island of South China's Hainan Province，where he serves as a coral ”可知，身为北京人的徐一唐搬到了海南的热带岛屿上工作。故选A。]
(　　)3．A．educator B．ambassador
C．artist D．conservationist
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据下文中的“Xu，who is nicknamed ‘coral man’”和“He aims to ________ individuals to take action to protect coral reefs and the oceans as a whole．”可知，他致力于保护珊瑚，所以他是一名珊瑚保护主义者。下文中的“becoming a coral conservationist”也是提示。故选D。]
(　　)4．A．approve B．increase
C．document D．smooth
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“the growth and development of the creatures”可知，这里表示观察和记录珊瑚的生长和发展。故选C。]
(　　)5．A．separated B．relieved
C．preserved D．fascinated
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据上文中的“light a lifelong passion”可知，他深深迷恋珊瑚。故选D。]
(　　)6．A．actively B．finally
C．universally D．skillfully
A　[考查副词词义辨析。根据句中的“where he regularly shares visually amazing photos and entertaining videos of coral”可知，他经常在社交媒体平台上分享珊瑚的照片和视频，所以他在这些媒体上很活跃。故选A。]
(　　)7．A．teach B．arrange
C．encourage D．force
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“individuals to take action to protect coral reefs and the oceans as a whole”可知，他想通过这种方式鼓励人们行动起来，保护珊瑚礁和整个海洋。故选C。]
(　　)8．A．impractical B．unexpected
C．unfortunate D．unacceptable
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。根据句中的“For Xu，who had been studying Peking Opera since childhood”可知，徐一唐从小学习京剧，而现在他却成了一名珊瑚保护主义者，这是意想不到的转变。故选B。]
(　　)9．A．frequent B．expand
C．manage D．improve
A　[考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“the local market to learn”可知，他常去光顾当地市场，去了解珊瑚养殖的知识。故选A。]
(　　)10．A．selling B．observing
C．farming D．decorating
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“started cultivating coral”可知，他后来开始养殖珊瑚，所以他是向商人了解珊瑚养殖的知识。故选C。]
(　　)11．A．answered for B．brought in
C．searched for D．gave out
C　[考查动词短语辨析。根据上文中的“learn about coral ”和空后的“information online”可知，他不仅向商人了解珊瑚养殖的知识，还去网上搜索信息。故选C。]
(　　)12．A．requirements B．reputations
C．periods D．priorities
A　[考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的“is quite sensitive to its environment”可知，珊瑚对环境很敏感，所以养殖珊瑚对水质的要求很高。故选A。]
(　　)13．A．pure B．good
C．confusing D．strict
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。下句的But表明前后句之间是转折关系，根据下句“But as Xu gained more ________ about coral，including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels，his coral gradually started to flourish．”可知，他的珊瑚后来慢慢开始茁壮成长，由此可知，一开始的时候珊瑚的状态并不好。故选B。]
(　　)14．A．evidence B．care
C．equipment D．knowledge
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的“including how to control factors like water temperature and pH levels”可知，这里指的是关于珊瑚的知识。故选D。]
(　　)15．A．map B．home
C．platform D．container
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的“reefs are known as ‘tropical rainforests’ and ‘underwater gardens’ of the ocean”和空后的“for a quarter of all sea creatures”以及常识可知，珊瑚礁被称为海洋的“热带雨林”和“水下花园”，它是海洋生物的栖息地，给海洋生物提供了家园。故选B。]
Ⅲ．应用文写作(限时13分钟)
(2025·河南名校联盟模拟)
假定你是李华，你校正在举办以“4月8日国际珍稀动物保护日”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．珍稀动物的重要性；
2．保护珍稀动物的倡议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Protecting Rare Animals
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
【参考范文】
Protecting Rare Animals
Today，many rare animals have disappeared or are facing the possibility of extinction．At the same time，many animals are hunted for fur or food．
Human beings are fully responsible for the situation．Taking care of the world's rare animals is everyone's responsibility．Rare animals are an essential part of our planet，which play a significant role in the ecology．The extinction of them can have wide-ranging effects on humankind．Valuing wild animals enhances the relation between man and nature．We hope our future generation can hear lions roaring and birds singing，but not just see them in picture books．It is high time that we should protect them．
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