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八上译林版Unit 1
一、重要词汇
序号 英文 词性 中文 词性转换
1 friendship n 友情 friend（n）朋友；friendly（adj）有好的
2 honest adj 诚实的，正直的 honestly（adv）诚实地；坦率地
3 cheerful adj 快乐的； cheerfully（adv）快乐地
4 Humorous adj 幽默的 humor（n）幽默
5 caring adj 关心的，体贴的 care（n/v）关心
6 truth n 事实 true（adj）真实的
7 joke n 笑话
8 lie v/n 撒谎 lie—lied（过去式）—lied（过去分词）—lying（现在分词）
9 person n 人 personal（adj）个人的
10 thought n 想法 think（v）思考
11 patient adj 有耐心的 patience（n）耐心；impatient（adj）没耐心的
12 sense n 理解；感觉 a sense of ……一种
13 height n 身高 high（adj）高的
14 fight v/n 搏斗，打斗 fought（过去式）
15 dead adj 死的 die（v）；death（n）死亡
重要短语
序号 英文 中文
1 Make friends 交朋友
2 Get along with them 和他们相处
3 Tell the truth 讲实话
4 Be happy to do 快乐做某事
5 Stand by your side 站在你身边
6 Support doing sth 支持做某事
7 Lie to sb 对某人撒谎
8 Spend time with them 花时间陪他们
9 Cheer up 振作
10 A sense of humor 幽默感
11 Feel down 情绪低落
12 Be patient with sb 对某人耐心
13 Leave sb alone 别管某人
14 Care about 关心
15 From time to time 偶尔
16 Have a point 有道理
17 Do well in 擅长
18 Try to help 努力帮忙
重要语法
形容词比较级和最高级
1.构成规则-规则变化
一般在形容词后加-er 构成比较级，加-est 构成最高级。
例如:tall-taller-tallest;fast-faster-fastest。
以不发音的e结尾的形容词，加-r或-st。
例如:nice-nicer-nicest;large-larger-largest。
以"辅音字母+y"结尾的形容词，先把y改为ì，再加-er 或-est。
例如:happy-happier-happiest;easy easier-easiest。
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的形容词，先双写该辅音字母，再加- er或-est。例如:big→bigger-biggest; hot-hotter-hottest。
多音节形容词和部分双音节形容词，在前面加more或most。
例如:beautiful----more beautiful----most beautiful
不规则变化:
good/well-better→best;
bad/badly-worse-worst;
many/much-more-most:
little-less-least:
far-farther/further-farthest-furthest.
（二）情态动词
1.can/could表示能力，意为"能，会"。
例如:I can play badminton.我会打羽毛球。
表示请求或允许，意为"可以"。
例如:Can I borrow your book 我可以借你的书吗？
should表示建议或责任，意为“应该"。
例如:You should be honest with your friends.你应该对朋友诚实。
3.must
表示必须，意为“必须"。例如:You must finish your homework before watching TV.你必须在看电视前完成作业。
表示推测，意为“一定"。
例如:The book must be Lily's,because her name is on it.这本书一定是莉莉的，因为上面有她的名字。
一、单词拼写
1．—Let’s watch Tom and Jerry then.
—Good idea. I like (幽默的) cartoons.
2．The cartoon is very funny and it always makes me (大笑).
3．I think the (友谊) is important in everyone’s life.
4．My father told a (玩笑) last night. It made me laugh.
5．The students decorated (装饰) the classroom with colorful (气球).
6．I felt very (厌烦的) at his boring talk.
7．The boy was (恐惧的) when he heard the terrible story.
8．I have a （感觉）of hunger. Do you have something to eat
9．Sally is an （诚实的）girl and so is her sister.
10．You should be (勇敢的) enough to face your life.
二、适当形式填空
11．My neighbour is (care) and helpful.
12．John is (happy) because he can’t find his schoolbag.
13．We (think) it was a good idea and decided to do it.
14．The weather in the south is (wet) than that in the north.
15．Water makes up the (large) part of the body.
16．It was (high) building in the country.
三、单项选择
17．My sister is good at ________ the violin.
A．play B．played C．to play D．playing
18．—Mum, I can’t take care of Mary. She is crying all the time.
—Try to be ________, Jack. Your little sister is ill.
A．patient B．serious C．excited D．social
19．My mother is very busy, but she still spends time ________ me.
A．with B．on C．for D．about
20．The rabbit is ________ smaller than the pig, but it runs faster.
A．more B．so C．much D．quite
21．—All of us think ________ others makes the world wonderful.
—I agree with you. If everyone gives a helping hand, the world will be a better place.
A．talking about B．caring about C．thinking about D．worrying about
22．Anna is my true friend, she can ________ and help me with my problems.
A．tell others B．make me sad C．share my joy D．laugh at me
23．—Your head teacher is the first one to come to the classroom, isn’t she
—Yes. She is _________ than anybody else in our class.
A．early B．earlier C．more early D．more earlier
24．There will be ________ traffic on the road if ________ people drive.
A．more; fewer B．less; more C．less; fewer D．more; less
25．Now, talent shows are getting ________.
A．worse and worse B．more and more interesting
C．more and more boring D．more and more popular
26．—What do you think of math
—It is one of ________ important subjects in our school.
A．most B．the most C．more D．much more
四、阅读理解
Believe it or not, my friends often come first in my heart because I want to make them happy. If anyone asks me for help, I always say, “Yes!” “Can you help me with English practice ” Grace asked me on the first day after she became my deskmate. “Of course,” I answered without hesitation. Grace has been working really hard on her studies and she needed my help though I didn’t have much time left for her.
One day after school, while I was doing lots of homework, Grace’s phone call came. She complained (抱怨) a lot and it made me feel bored, but I still felt bad about saying no. When Grace ended the call, it was 0:15 a.m. I still had homework left but I wanted to sleep. This was bad for a junior high school student in Grade Eight who is going to take an important exam later.
Finally I began to cry. I felt so tired and realized that the stress (压力) had an effect (影响) on my health. I tried to get myself out. Studying is more important than other things, so Grace has to come the second. It’s now important for me to say no, no, no.
“Can you give me a hand ” Grace asked. “Sorry… I just have to go over (复习) my maths notes,” I answered. “All right. It’s up to you,” she said. I felt completely relaxed when I heard her reply. Anyway, it’s not so hard to say no at all.
To be honest, I have felt much happier since learning to say no. I have more time to spend on my study at present. I still try my best to help others, but sometimes I say no because I know everyone has a limit.
27．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “hesitation” in Paragraph 1 in Chinese
A．思考 B．想象 C．犹豫 D．欺骗
28．The writer thinks ________ is more important than other things to a junior high school student.
A．helping classmates B．studying
C．making friends D．saying no to others
29．Which is TRUE according to the passage
A．Grace had no time to study Maths.
B．They often stayed up too late.
C．The writer felt completely relaxed after he said no to Grace.
D．They shouldn’t help each other.
30．What does the writer want to tell us
A．To spend more time on study. B．Helping friends is not so important.
C．How to make ourselves happy. D．We should learn to refuse.
五、阅读以下内容，从其后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，有两项是多余的。
Do you have friends How many friends do you have
Having a good friend can make your school life much more enjoyable. You can talk about things which bring you happiness. 31 But making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you’re a very shy person.
32 Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you!
The easiest thing to do is to smile, and it can make yourself look friendly. If you cross your arms on your breast (胸) and have your headphones on, your body language is saying “Stay away from me!” 33
On the other hand, if you’re feeling confident, you can try to get close to someone. Just say “Hi, do you mind if I sit here ” 34
After that, keep talking, by finding something you have in common. Maybe the person is reading a book you’ve read or has some other good things that interest you. 35
If you follow the advice, you can make a lot of good friends.
A．It is a great way to break the ice.
B．So how can you make new friends
C．This will give you something interesting to talk about.
D．Never fail to be thankful to the friends around you.
E．You can also share your problems and support with each other.
F．Remember, smile all the time if someone gets close to you.
G．You don’t need to care whether your friends are the same as you or different.
六、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容简要回答问题。
Fiona was a popular girl at school. She was smart and fun. From an early age, she tried to be kind and friendly to everyone. She invited (邀请) all her classmates to her birthday party. She gave gifts to everybody. She was very busy because she had so many friends to spend every day with. She felt very lucky. But everything changed (改变)on National Friendship Day. On that day, at school, everyone had to give three gifts to their three best friends. Fiona enjoyed choosing three from all her friends. However, after giving three gifts, Fiona didn’t get one! Even Lily, a girl who always played with her every day, didn’t give her a gift.
When she got home that night, Fiona told her mother what had happened. Her mother touched her head tenderly (温柔地) and said, “You can’t buy friends with a smile or a few good words. For most of your classmates, you’re only a playmate (玩伴). If you really want true friends, you should really care about your friends.”
That night, in bed, Fiona thought about her mother’s words. Then she thought that her mother always helped her and stayed with her at anytime. Until that moment, Fiona knew the meaning (意思) of a true friend.
36．Who did Fiona invite to her birthday party
37．Why was Fiona very busy
38．Did Fiona get gifts on National Friendship Day
39．What should people do if they want true friends
40．What did Fiona know after talking with her mother
七、短文填空
认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have a wonderful friend named Lily. We 41 (become) friends when we entered the middle school and our friendship has grown stronger ever since.
Every day, we study together, helping each other to understand and dealing with difficult problems. We believe that friendship is 42 (real) about helping each other.
We are such close friends that we enjoy 43 (we) when we do a lot of things together. We go for walks in the park, sharing our dreams and 44 (secret). My teacher often says that whenever she sees me, she is sure that my best friend Lily isn’t far behind. 45 I’m feeling down, Lily is always there to cheer me up with her kind words and funny jokes. She is so 46 (humor) that she can lighten up any mood. And when she faces difficulties, I offer my support and encouragement.
We also support each other in our hobbies. For example, I enjoy Chinese Chess and we usually spend one hour 47 (discuss) it at lunchtime. Because of her, I become even 48 (well) at it. Lily loves reading and I often recommend good books to her. What’s more, she is crazy 49 painting and I always encourage her to follow her dreams.
Our friendship is such 50 special gift that I will cherish for my rest of the life. I know that no matter what life throws at us, we will always be there for each other.
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
1．humorous
【详解】句意：——那我们看《汤姆和杰瑞》吧。——好主意。我喜欢幽默的漫画。根据中文提示，可知此处为形容词humorous“幽默的”，修饰名词。故填humorous。
2．laugh
【详解】句意：漫画非常有趣，总是让我大笑。laugh“大笑”，make sb do sth“让某人做某事”。故填laugh。
3．friendship
【详解】句意：我认为友谊在每个人的生活中都很重要。根据汉语提示可知，friendship“友谊”，抽象名词，不可数。故填friendship。
4．joke
【详解】句意：我爸爸昨晚讲了一个玩笑，这让我笑了。joke“玩笑”，可数名词，根据“My father told a”可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填joke。
5．balloons
【详解】句意：学生们用五颜六色的气球装饰教室。“气球”为balloon，是可数名词，根据“with colorful…”可知，此处应用名词复数balloons，故填balloons。
6．bored
【详解】句意：我对他无聊的讲话感到很厌烦。根据所给中文提示，可拼写出单词bored，形容词，修饰人，在句中作表语，故填bored。
7．scared/afraid/terrified
【详解】句意：男孩听到这个可怕的故事时吓坏了。根据“when he heard the terrible story”可知此处指“听到这个可怕的故事时吓坏了”；scared/afraid/terrified“恐惧的”，形容词作表语。故填scared/afraid/terrified。
8．sense
【详解】句意：我有种饥饿的感觉。你有什么吃的吗？a后跟单数名词，结合“of hunger”可知，此处表示饥饿的感觉，所以用sense表示“感觉”，故填sense。
9．honest
【详解】句意：萨莉是一个诚实的女孩，她妹妹也是。honest“诚实的”，是形容词，作定语，故填honest。
10．brave
【详解】句意：你应该足够勇敢来面对你的生活。由句意及语境可推出，本题考查形容词brave“勇敢的”，又根据be ... enough可知应用形容词原形，在句中作表语。故填brave。
11．caring
【详解】句意：我的邻居是关心他人和乐于助人的。空处位于is后，且修饰neighbour，填形容词作表语。根据“and helpful”和提示词可知，邻居是关心他人的。care“照顾”，动词，形容词为caring“关心他人的”。故填caring。
12．unhappy
【详解】句意：约翰不开心，因为他找不到他的书包。根据“because he can’t find his schoolbag”可知，约翰因为找不到自己的书包，心情应该是不好的。happy意为“开心的”，其反义词unhappy表示“不开心的”。故填unhappy。
13．thought
【详解】句意：我们认为这是个好主意，决定去做。think“认为”，本句是宾语从句，根据“it was a good idea and decided to do it.”及语境可知，主句时态应用一般过去时。故填thought。
14．wetter
【详解】句意：南方的天气要比北方的天气更潮湿一些。根据than可知空格处要用形容词的比较级，wet的比较级是wetter。故填wetter。
15．largest
【详解】句意：水构成了人体的最大部分。这里是说水在人体组成部分中所占的比例情况，是将水所占部分与人体其他组成部分进行比较，且有定冠词“the”，所以要用形容词“large”的最高级形式“largest”，表示“最大的”，即水构成了人体中最大的那部分。故填largest。
16．the highest
【详解】句意：这是全国最高的建筑。根据“in the country”可知，在一定范围内进行比较，这里用最高级，high最高级是highest，最高级前要加the。故填the highest。
17．D
【详解】句意：我妹妹擅长拉小提琴。
考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth“擅长做某事”，空处填动名词形式的playing。故选D。
18．A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我照顾不了Mary。她一直在哭。——耐心点，Jack。你的小妹妹病了。
考查形容词辨析。patient耐心的；serious严肃的；excited激动的；social善于交际的。根据“She is crying all the time.”及“Your little sister is ill.”可知Mary生病了，Jack需要有耐心，故选A。
19．A
【详解】句意：我的妈妈非常忙，但是她仍然花时间陪着我。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起；on在……上；for为了；about关于。spend time with sb.是固定短语，意为“和某人一起度过时间”，with符合语境。故选A。
20．C
【详解】句意：兔子比猪小得多，但它跑得快。
考查副词辨析。more更多；so如此；much很，非常；quite相当。根据“The rabbit is ... smaller than the pig, but it runs faster.”可知，兔子比猪小得多，修饰比较级应用much，其他选项语意不通。故选C。
21．B
【详解】句意：——我们都认为关心他人使世界变得美好。——我同意你的看法。如果每个人都伸出援助之手，世界将会变得更美好。
考查动词短语。talk about谈论；care about关心；think about考虑；worry about担心。结合对方回答“If everyone gives a helping hand, the world will be a better place.”可知，此处提议应当“关心”他人。故选B。
22．C
【详解】句意：Anna是我真正的朋友，她能分享我的喜悦并且帮助我解决问题。
考查动词及动词短语辨析。tell others告诉其他人；make me sad使我伤心；share my joy分享我的喜悦；laugh at me嘲笑我。根据“Anna is my true friend”可知，应表达分享喜悦。故选C。
23．B
【详解】句意：——你的班主任是第一个到教室的，不是吗？——对。她比我们班上任何人都早。
考查比较级。由than可知是比较级，early的比较级是earlier。故选B。
24．C
【详解】句意：如果开车的人少一些，路上的交通流量就会少一些。
考查形容词比较级。more更多的；fewer更少的，修饰复数名词，表否定；less更少的，修饰不可数名词，表否定。traffic“交通”是不可数名词，people“人们”是复数名词；根据“There will be...traffic on the road if...people drive.”可知，此处应是要表达开车的人越少，路上的交通就会越少，less traffic和fewer people符合语境。故选C。
25．D
【详解】句意：才艺表演正变得越来越受欢迎。
考查形容词比较级。worse and worse越来越糟糕；more and more interesting越来越有趣；more and more boring越来越枯燥；more and more popular越来越流行。根据句子可知，此处的结构是：more and more+形容词原级，表示“越来越 ”，才艺表演应是变得越来越受欢迎。故选D。
26．B
【详解】句意：——你认为数学怎么样？——它是我们学校最重要的科目之一。
考查形容词最高级。根据“one of … important subjects in our school”可知，此处是“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，表示“最……的……之一”，important最高级为the most important。故选B。
27．C 28．B 29．C 30．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在面对朋友的请求时，总是毫不犹豫地答应，导致自己压力过大。后来作者意识到学习更重要，开始学会拒绝，从而感到更加轻松和快乐。
27．词义猜测题。根据第一段中“If anyone asks me for help, I always say, ‘Yes!’”以及“‘Of course,’ I answered without hesitation.”可知，作者对Grace的请求毫不犹豫地答应了，“hesitation”的意思是“犹豫”，故选C。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Studying is more important than other things, so Grace has to come the second.”可知，作者认为学习比其他事情更重要，故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中“I felt completely relaxed when I heard her reply.”可知，作者拒绝Grace后感到非常放松，故选C。
30．主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，作者通过自己的经历告诉我们要学会拒绝，故选D。
31．E 32．B 33．F 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文就如何在学校交朋友提出了几点建议。
31．根据“You can talk about things which bring you happiness”此处应提到可以谈论的事情，E选项“你也可以分享你的问题，互相支持。”符合语境。故选E。
32．根据“But making new friends at school is not so easy, especially if you’re a very shy person.”和“Here are some pieces of advice that might be helpful to you!”可知，在学校交朋友并不是一件容易的事，那么如何交朋友呢，以下提出了几点建议，B选项“那么你怎么能交到新朋友呢？”符合语境。故选B。
33．根据“The easiest thing to do is to smile”可知，此处应介绍与“微笑”有关的内容，F选项“记住，如果有人靠近你，要一直微笑。”符合语境。故选F。
34．根据“Hi, do you mind if I sit here ”可知，礼貌用语可以帮助打破僵局，A选项“这是打破僵局的好方法。”符合语境。故选A。
35．根据“After that, keep talking, by finding something you have in common.”可知，此处在介绍找和新朋友的共同点。C选项“这会给你一些可以聊的有趣的东西”符合语境。故选C。
36．All her classmates. 37．Because she had so many friends to spend every day with. 38．No. 39．They should really care about their friends. 40．She knew the meaning of a true friend.
【导语】本文主要讲了Fiona交友广泛，却在友谊日礼物中明白，真朋友是互相理解和陪伴。
36．根据“She invited (邀请) all her classmates to her birthday party.”可知，Fiona邀请了所有的同学来参加她的生日派对。故填All her classmates.
37．根据“She was very busy because she had so many friends to spend every day with.”可知，Fiona每天都很忙因为她有很多朋友一起度过时间。故填Because she had so many friends to spend every day with.
38．根据“However, after giving three gifts, Fiona didn’t get one!”可知，Fiona在友情日没有收到任何礼物。故填No.
39．根据“If you really want true friends, you should really care about your friends.”可知，如果想要真正的朋友，就应该真正关心朋友。故填They should really care about their friends.
40．根据“Until that moment, Fiona knew the meaning (意思) of a true friend.”可知，Fiona通过和母亲的谈话明白了真正朋友的意义。故填She knew the meaning of a true friend.
41．became 42．really 43．ourselves 44．secrets 45．When 46．humorous 47．discussing 48．better 49．about 50．a
【导语】本文主要介绍了我的好朋友莉莉。
41．句意：当我们进入中学时，我们成为了朋友，我们的友谊从此变得更加牢固。由entered可知句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式，become的过去式是became。故填became。
42．句意：我们相信友谊就是互相帮助。用副词really表示强调。故填really。
43．句意：我们是如此亲密的朋友，当我们一起做很多事情时，我们很开心。enjoy oneself“过得开心”，主语we对应的反身代词是ourselves。故填ourselves。
44．句意：我们去公园散步，分享我们的梦想和秘密。secret“秘密”是形容词，此处用复数表示多个。故填secrets。
45．句意：当我情绪低落的时候，莉莉总是在那里用她亲切的话语和有趣的笑话让我振作起来。根据“...I’m feeling down, Lily is always there to cheer me up with her kind words and funny jokes.”可知，此处指我情绪低落时，莉莉使我振作。用when“当……时”引导时间状语从句。故填When。
46．句意：她很幽默，能使任何心情都愉快起来。is后用形容词作表语，humor的形容词形式是humorous“幽默的”。故填humorous。
47．句意：例如，我喜欢中国象棋，我们通常在午餐时间花一个小时讨论它。spend time doing sth“花时间做某事”。故填discussing。
48．句意：因为她，我变得更擅长（象棋）了。even后加比较级，表示“甚至更……”，此处应用well的形容词形式good的比较级better。故填better。
49．句意：更重要的是，她对绘画很着迷，我总是鼓励她追随自己的梦想。be crazy about“对……着迷”，固定搭配。故填about。
50．句意：我们的友谊是如此特别的礼物，余生我会珍惜它。gift“礼物”是可数名词单数，用且special发音以辅音因素开头，故用a表示“一个”。故填a。
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