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Unit 1 Water基础测试卷
Part 1 Grammar and Vocabulary（第一部分 语法和词汇）
I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（每题 1 分，共15分）
1.We should take action to protect water because it’s ________.
A. limited B. salty C. boring D. useful
2.The factory must treat the ________ before it is discharged.
A. water B. chemicals C. wastewater D. litres
3.When we wash our hands, we should turn off the tap to avoid ________ water.
A. waste B. wasting C. wasted D. to waste
4.The ________ of the water treatment is very important for environmental protection.
A. treat B. treated C. treatment D. treating
5.We should raise people’s ________ of water protection.
A. aware B. awareness C. awarely D. awarenesses
6.The students ________ a lot of progress in learning about water resources this term.
A. make B. made C. have made D. will make
7.As we know, the more water we waste, the ________ clean water we will have in the future.
A. less B. fewer C. more D. much
8.Before we use water, we ________ think about how to use it more effectively.
A. could B. should C. might D. would
9.While I ________ a book about water, I learned many interesting facts.
A. read B. was reading C. am reading D. will read
10.The desert area has very ________ water, so people there need to save it carefully.
A. little B. few C. many D. much
11.The ________ of the soap helps clean our hands thoroughly.
A. use B. useful C. usage D. useless
12.We can use ________ water to water the plants to save fresh water.
A. clean B. dirty C. rain D. salty
13.She ________ the idea of water protection among her classmates last week.
A. spreads B. spread C. will spread D. is spreading
14.It’s our duty to ________ the limited water resources.
A. protect B. pollute C. waste D. destroy
15.________ can stop the pollution of water completely, but we can do our best to reduce it.
A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Everybody D. Nobody
II. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the passage（选词填空）（8 题，每题 1 分）
A. rare B. rest C. treatment D. raise E. limited
Water is precious. Only a small part of water on Earth is fresh and clean. Most of it is salty sea water. The 16.______ of the fresh water is in the form of ice or underground. Clean fresh water is 17.______ and becoming less and less, so we should save it. We can start from small things, like using the right amount of water for handwashing and doing the 18.______ for wastewater to make it reusable. Also, we should 19.______ people’s awareness of water protection.
set off B. corner C. stepped D. bathed E. mud
In a place short of water, people have to get water from far away. One day, a girl 20.______ early in the morning to the water hole. She 21.______ carefully on the road covered with 22 . When she reached the water hole, she 23. her face with the precious water.
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用单词适当形式填空）（8 题，每题 1 分）
24.The ________ (use) of this new machine helps save a lot of water.
25.We should ________ (education) people about the importance of water protectio
26.The ________ (chemistry) in the polluted water are harmful to our health.
27.Look! The workers are doing some ________ (treat) to the wastewater.
28.It’s ________ (bore) to just talk about water saving; we should take action.
29.The ________ (rarely) bird is under special protection.
30.We need to make a ________ (decide) on how to use water wisely.
31.The ________ (rest) of the students will go to visit the water treatment plant tomorrow.
IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required（按要求完成句子）（每题2分，共14 分）
32.We should save water because it’s limited.（对画线部分提问）
________ ________ we save water
33.“Let’s take action to protect water,” he said.（保持句意基本不变）
He ________ us ________ take action to protect water.
34.The more we waste water, the less clean water we will have.（保持句意不变）
If we waste more water, we will have ________ clean water.
35.They did some water treatment experiments yesterday.（改为否定句）
They ________ ________ any water treatment experiments yesterday.
36.When I got home, my mother was cooking dinner.（用 while 改写句子）
________ I ________ ________ home, my mother was cooking dinner.
37.There is little water in the bottle, ________ ________ （完成反义疑问句）
38.protect, we, should, take, to, action, water（连词成句）
Part 2 Reading and Writing（第二部分 读和写）
V. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）
A. Choose the best answer（阅读选择）（每题 2 分，共10分）
Water
The Source of Life
Water is one of the most important resources on Earth. About 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, but most of it is salty sea water. Only a small part, around 3%, is fresh water. And most of this fresh water is in the form of ice or underground.
In our daily life, water is used everywhere. We use it for drinking, cooking, washing, and many other things. However, clean fresh water is becoming less and less because of pollution and overuse. Factories pour dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes, and people waste a lot of water in their daily life.
To solve this problem, we need to take many measures. First, we should save water in our daily life, like turning off the tap when we brush our teeth. Second, we should protect water sources from pollution. Third, we can do some research and development to find new ways to treat wastewater and make it reusable.
What percentage of the Earth’s surface is covered by water
About 3%. B. About 71%. C. About 29%. D. About 97%.
Why is clean fresh water becoming less
Because people don’t like it. B. Because it turns into sea water.
Because of pollution and overuse. D. Because it disappears into the air.
What does the underlined word “measures” probably mean
A. 问题 B. 资源 C. 措施 D. 实验
Which of the following is NOT a way to solve the water problem
Saving water in daily life. B. Pouring dirty water into rivers.
Protecting water sources from pollution. D. Making wastewater reusable.
What is the main idea of the passage
The importance of water and ways to protect it.
The amount of water on Earth.
The use of water in daily life.
The pollution of water.
From the passage, we can infer that ________.
people don’t need to save water
sea water is clean and can be used directly
everyone should take part in water protection
D. there is enough clean fresh water for us
B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（完形填空）（每题 2 分，共10分）
A Day in a Water - Short Area
In a small village far away, water is very 45. . People there have to get water from a well several kilometers away. Every morning, early before the sun rises, villagers 46. to the well with big pots.
On the way, the road is often full of 47.______ after rain, so they have to walk carefully. When they reach the well, they wait in line patiently. The well is just a small 48.______ in the ground, but it’s the only source of water for the whole village.
After getting water, they carry the heavy pots back home. They use the water very carefully. They use it for cooking, drinking, and even 49.______ their faces. They know that every drop of water is precious.
We should learn from them and save water in our daily life. We have much more water than they do, but we should still value it and not 50.______ it.
A. rich B. common C. limited D. plenty
A. set off B. set up C. set down D. set out for
A. water B. mud C. sand D. grass
A. hole B. corner C. pot D. well
A. washing B. washing up C. washing away D. washing off
50. A. save B. waste C. protect D. use
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（首字母填空）（每题 2 分，共6分分）
Protecting Water Resources
Water is important for all living things. But now, water resources are facing many problems. One of the biggest problems is water p 51. Factories and cities pour a lot of dirty water and harmful chemicals into rivers and lakes. This makes the water unclean and dangerous for people and animals.
Another problem is that people
w 52 a lot of water. When we brush our teeth or wash our hands, we often keep the tap running. We should turn off the tap in time to avoid wasting water.
To solve these problems, we need to take action. We can start some projects to clean up rivers and lakes. We can also r 53 people’s awareness of water protection. For example, we can put up posters or give talks in schools.
If we all work together, we can protect our water resources and make the world a better place.
If we all work together, we can protect our water resources and make the world a better place.
D. Answer the questions（回答问题）（每题 2 分，共10分）
The Story of Water Saving
Last month, our school held a water - saving activity. At first, many students didn’t know much about water saving. But after the teachers’ introduction and some interesting videos, they began to understand the importance of saving water.
Then, the students took action. Some of them made posters about water saving and put them up around the school. Some students formed groups to check if there were any leaking taps in the classrooms and bathrooms. They also reminded their classmates to turn off the tap when not using water.
Thanks to these activities, the water consumption in our school decreased a lot. The students not only learned how to save water but also realized that they could make a difference in protecting the environment.
54.When did the school hold the water - saving activity
________________________________________.
55.How did the students know about the importance of saving water
________________________________________.
56.What did some students do to remind their classmates to save water
________________________________________.
57.What was the result of the water - saving activity
________________________________________.
58. Do you think it’s necessary to hold such activities in schools Why or why not
________________________________________.
VI. Writing（作文）（20 分）
水是生命之源，但如今水资源短缺问题日益严重。请你以 “Save Water, Save Life” 为题，写一篇英语短文，向同学们发出节约用水的倡议。
内容包括：
内容包括：
1.说明水资源的重要性；
2.列举生活中浪费水的现象；
3.提出节约用水的具体建议；
4.呼吁大家行动起来。
注意：
1.内容必须包含要点中的所有信息；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4.词数 70 左右（标题已给出，不计入总词数）。
Save Water, Save Life
Save Water, Save Life/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 1 Water 基础测试卷答案解析
一、Part 1 Grammar and Vocabulary（语法和词汇）
I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）
答案：A
解析：根据 Unit 1 知识，水资源是有限的，所以我们要保护水，“limited” 表示 “有限的”，符合语境；“salty” 意为 “含盐的”；“boring” 是 “无聊的”；“useful” 为 “有用的”，均不符合题意，故选 A。
答案：C
解析：工厂排放前必须处理的是 “废水”，“wastewater” 符合；“water” 太笼统；“chemicals” 是 “化学品”；“litres” 是 “升”，是计量单位，所以选 C。
答案：B
解析：“avoid doing sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “避免做某事”，所以用 “wasting”，选 B。
答案：C
解析：“the...of” 结构中需要名词，“treatment” 是 “处理” 的名词形式，“the treatment of the water treatment” 表示 “水处理的过程” ，“treat” 是动词；“treated” 是过去式或过去分词；“treating” 是现在分词，均不符合，选 C。
答案：B
解析：“raise one’s awareness of...” 是固定短语，意为 “提高某人…… 的意识”，“awareness” 是名词，“aware” 是形容词；“awarely” 拼写错误；“awarenesses” 复数形式错误，选 B。
答案：C
解析：“this term” 表示一段时间，且强调对现在的影响，用现在完成时 “have made”，表示 “学生们这学期在学习水资源方面取得了很大进步”，选 C。
答案：A
解析：“the + 比较级，the + 比较级” 表示 “越……，越……”，“water” 是不可数名词，用 “less” 修饰，意为 “我们浪费的水越多，未来拥有的干净水就越少”，选 A。
答案：B
解析：根据语境，在用水前 “应该” 思考如何有效用水，“should” 表示 “应该”；“could” 表示 “能够”；“might” 表示 “可能”；“would” 常用于过去将来时或表示意愿，选 B。
答案：B
解析：“while” 引导时间状语从句，强调主从句动作同时进行，且从句动作有延续性，主句 “learned” 是过去时，从句用过去进行时 “was reading”，表示 “当我正在读一本关于水的书时，我学到了很多有趣的事实”，选 B。
答案：A
解析：“water” 是不可数名词，“desert area” 沙漠地区水少，“little” 修饰不可数名词表示 “少”；“few” 修饰可数名词；“many” 修饰可数名词表示 “多”；“much” 修饰不可数名词表示 “多”，选 A。
答案：A
解析：“the...of” 结构后接名词，“use” 作名词表示 “用途”，“the use of the soap” 表示 “肥皂的用途”；“useful” 是形容词；“usage” 强调 “使用方式”；“useless” 是 “无用的”，选 A。
答案：C
解析：为了节约淡水，可以用 “雨水” 浇花，“rain water” 符合；“clean water” 干净的水，用它浇花不能体现节约用水；“dirty water” 脏水不适合浇花；“salty water” 咸水对植物有害，选 C。
答案：B
解析：“last week” 是一般过去时的标志，“spread” 的过去式还是 “spread”，表示 “她上周在同学中传播了水保护的理念”，选 B。
答案：A
解析：根据单元主题，我们的责任是 “保护” 有限的水资源，“protect” 符合；“pollute” 是 “污染”；“waste” 是 “浪费”；“destroy” 是 “破坏”，选 A。
答案：D
解析：根据常识，“没有人” 能完全阻止水污染，但我们可以尽力减少污染，“Nobody” 符合；“Somebody” 有人；“Anybody” 任何人；“Everybody” 每个人，选 D。
II. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the passage（选词填空）
答案：B
解析：“the rest of” 表示 “其余的”，这里指地球上其余的淡水以冰或地下水的形式存在，选 B。
答案：A
解析：根据前文 “淡水少且越来越少” 可知，干净的淡水是 “稀少的”，“rare” 符合，选 A。
答案：C
解析：“do the treatment” 表示 “进行处理”，对废水进行处理使其可重复利用，选 C。
答案：D
解析：“raise awareness” 是固定搭配，意为 “提高意识”，我们应该提高人们的水保护意识，选 D。
答案：A
解析：“set off” 表示 “出发”，女孩早上早早出发去水洞，选 A。
答案：C
解析：“step” 表示 “迈步；踩”，她在满是泥的路上小心地迈步，选 C。
答案：E
解析：雨后路上通常是满是 “泥”，“mud” 符合语境，选 E。
答案：D
解析：“bathe” 表示 “用水清洗（尤指身体部位）”，“bathe one's face” 意为 “洗脸”，她用珍贵的水洗脸，选 D。
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用单词适当形式填空）
答案：use
解析：“the...of” 结构中需要名词，“use” 作名词表示 “用途”，“这台新机器的用途有助于节省大量的水”，故填 “use”。
答案：educate
解析：“should” 是情态动词，后接动词原形，“education” 是名词，其动词形式 “educate” 表示 “教育”，“我们应该教育人们水保护的重要性”，填 “educate”。
答案：chemicals
解析：“are” 表明主语是复数，“chemical” 作名词表示 “化学品”，复数形式是 “chemicals”，“污染水中的化学品对我们健康有害”，填 “chemicals”。
答案：treatment
解析：“some” 后可接名词，“treat” 是动词，“treatment” 是名词 “处理”，“看！工人们正在对废水进行一些处理”，填 “treatment”。
答案：boring
解析：“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.”，“boring” 修饰事物，表示 “无聊的”，“只是谈论节约用水很无聊，我们应该采取行动”，填 “boring”。
答案：rare
解析：“bird” 是名词，需要形容词修饰，“rarely” 是副词，“rare” 是形容词 “稀少的”，“这种稀有的鸟受到特殊保护”，填 “rare”。
答案：decision
解析：“make a decision” 是固定短语，意为 “做决定”，“我们需要就如何明智地用水做一个决定”，填 “decision”。
答案：rest
解析：“the rest of” 表示 “其余的”，“其余的学生明天将去参观水处理厂”，填 “rest”。
IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required（按要求完成句子）
答案：Why should
解析：对 “because it’s limited” 原因提问，用 “Why”，原句有情态动词 “should”，直接提到主语前，故填 “Why should”。
答案：advised; to
解析：“Let’s...” 表示建议，可转换为 “advise sb. to do sth.”，原句是过去时，“advise” 的过去式是 “advised”，所以填 “advised; to”。
答案：less
解析：“the more...the less...” 与 “If...less” 意思相近，都表示浪费水和干净水数量的关系，填 “less”。
答案：didn’t do
解析：一般过去时的否定句，借助助动词 “didn’t”，动词 “did” 还原为 “do”，填 “didn’t do”。
答案：While; was getting
解析：“while” 引导时间状语从句，强调主从句动作同时进行，从句用延续性动词，“get home” 用过去进行时 “was getting home”，填 “While; was getting”。
答案：is there
解析：“little” 表示否定，“There is...” 的反义疑问句，前否后肯，用 “is there”，填 “is there”。
答案：We should take action to protect water.
解析：按照 “主语 + 情态动词 + 动词短语 + 目的状语” 的结构，组成句子 “We should take action to protect water.” 。
二、Part 2 Reading and Writing（读和写）
V. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）
A. Choose the best answer（阅读选择）
答案：B
解析：文中明确提到 “About 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water”，所以选 B。
答案：C
解析：从 “In our daily life... because of pollution and overuse.” 可知，干净淡水变少是因为污染和过度使用，选 C。
答案：C
解析：后文列举了节约用水、保护水源等内容，这些都是解决水问题的 “措施”，所以 “measures” 意为 “措施”，选 C。
答案：B
解析：“Pouring dirty water into rivers” 会加剧水污染，不是解决水问题的方法，其他选项均是文中提到的解决措施，选 B。
答案：A
解析：文章先讲了水的重要性，又阐述了保护水的方法，A 选项符合主旨；B、C、D 选项都只是文章部分内容，选 A。
答案：C
解析：文章强调水的重要性和保护水的必要性，可推断出每个人都应该参与水保护，C 正确；A 与文意相悖；海水是咸水，不能直接使用，B 错误；干净淡水越来越少，D 错误，选 C。
B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（完形填空）
答案：C
解析：根据后文人们要去几公里外打水可知，这个村庄水 “有限”，“limited” 符合；“rich” 丰富的；“common” 常见的；“plenty” 大量的，均不符合，选 C。
答案：A
解析：“set off” 表示 “出发”，村民们带着大罐子出发去井边，“set up” 建立；“set down” 记下；“set out for” 出发去（某地），此处 “set off” 更合适，选 A。
答案：B
解析：雨后路上通常是 “泥”，“mud” 符合语境；“water” 水，一般不会使路难走；“sand” 沙子；“grass” 草，均不符合，选 B。
答案：A
解析：井是地上的一个小 “洞”，“hole” 符合；“corner” 角落；“pot” 容器；“well” 井，这里强调井的形态是个洞，选 A。
答案：A
解析：“wash one's face” 是 “洗脸”，“washing up” 是 “洗餐具”；“washing away” 冲走；“washing off” 洗掉，选 A。
答案：B
解析：我们应该珍惜水，不 “浪费” 水，“waste” 符合；“save” 节约；“protect” 保护；“use” 使用，均不符合语境，选 B。
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（首字母填空）
答案：pollution
解析：根据后文 “Factories and cities pour a lot of dirty water...” 可知，水资源面临的最大问题之一是 “污染”，“pollution” 符合，填 “pollution”。
答案：waste
解析：从 “When we brush our teeth or wash our hands... avoid wasting water.” 可知，人们会 “浪费” 很多水，“waste” 符合，填 “waste”。
答案：raise
解析：“raise awareness” 是固定搭配，意为 “提高意识”，我们可以提高人们的水保护意识，填 “raise”。
D. Answer the questions（回答问题）
答案：Last month.
解析：文中明确提到 “Last month, our school held a water - saving activity.”，所以答案是 “Last month.” 。
答案：After the teachers’ introduction and some interesting videos.
解析：由 “But after the teachers’ introduction and some interesting videos, they began to understand the importance of saving water.” 可知答案。
答案：They reminded their classmates to turn off the tap when not using water.
解析：从 “Some students formed groups... turn off the tap when not using water.” 可知，一些学生提醒同学不用水时关掉水龙头。
答案：The water consumption in the school decreased a lot.
解析：根据 “Thanks to these activities, the water consumption in our school decreased a lot.” 得出答案。
答案：Yes, I think so. Because such activities can help students understand the importance of saving water and encourage them to take action.（答案不唯一，合理即可）
解析：可以从活动对学生的教育意义等方面回答，只要言之有理即可。
VI. Writing（作文）
参考范文：
Save Water, Save Life
Water is the source of life. Without water, all living things will die. However, many people still waste water in daily life. For example, they often keep the tap running while brushing teeth.
To save water, we can turn off the tap when we don’t need water. We can also use the water we used to wash vegetables to water plants.
Let’s take action now to save water and protect our planet.

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