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Unit 1 Water 提升测试卷
Part 1 Grammar and Vocabulary（第一部分 语法和词汇）
I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）（每题 1 分，共15分）
1.Not only the students but also their teacher _________ aware of the importance of water protection.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2.The water treatment plant _________ by the government next year will greatly improve the local water quality.
A. building B. built C. to be built D. being built
3.It was not until she finished all the experiments on water purification _________ she went home.
A. when B. that C. where D. which
4._________ from space, the Earth looks like a blue ball covered with water.
A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. See
5.The new method of water conservation, _________ many experts have been researching, shows great promise.
A. that B. which C. what D. whose
6.Had we taken more effective measures to protect water resources earlier, we _________ less water shortage now.
A. would have B. would have had C. had D. have
7.The amount of water wasted in big cities _________ to be reduced by 30% in the next five years according to the plan.
A. is expected B. expects C. expected D. are expected
8.We should make full use of ____ water we have and explore new water sources.
A. a little B. the little C. little D. a few
9.The scientist, together with his assistants, _________ on the project of seawater desalination day and night to meet the deadline.
A. work B. works C. is working D. are working
10._________ water pollution is a serious problem, we still have hope to solve it through joint efforts.
A. While B. As C. Since D. Because
11.The company has developed a new type of _________ material that can effectively filter harmful substances in water.
A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemically D. chemist
12._________ to the sunlight for too long, the water in the bottle may become harmful.
A. Exposing B. Exposed C. To expose D. Having exposed
13.The students were asked to write a report on _________ they had learned about water recycling.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
14.If it _________ tomorrow, the outdoor activity about water conservation will be cancelled.
A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. rained
15.The research team is trying to find out _________ the new water treatment technology can be applied on a large scale.
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
II. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the passage（选词填空）（每题 1 分，共10分）
A. sustainable B. initiatives C. deteriorating D. allocate E. crucial
Water is a 16.______ resource for human survival and development. However, the global water situation is 17._____ due to pollution, overuse, and climate change. To address this issue, we need to take various 18. . We should develop19. water management strategies to 20.______ water resources more effectively.
A. implement B. collaboration C. innovative D. challenges E. evaluate
In the field of water protection, different organizations often need to work together in 21. . They come up with 22. ideas and methods. After that, they 23.______ these plans and 24.______ the results to see if they are effective in solving the 25.______ related to water.
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用单词适当形式填空）（每题 1 分，共8分）
26.The _________ (discover) of new water sources is of great significance for solving the water shortage problem.
27.We should _________ (courage) people to use water - saving devices in their daily life.
28.The _________ (pollute) of the river has led to the death of a large number of aquatic plants and animals.
29.Scientists are working on more _________ (effect) ways to treat wastewater.
30.The _________ (aware) of water protection has been gradually raised among the public in recent years.
31.The government has made a series of _________ (policy) to promote water conservation.
32.It is _________ (advisable) to take immediate action to prevent water pollution.
33.The _________ (develop) of water - saving technology will bring great benefits to society.
IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required（按要求完成句子）（每题2分，共14 分）
34.We have made great progress in water treatment technology in the past decade.（改为感叹句）
_________ _________ progress we have made in water treatment technology in the past decade!
35.The water quality of the lake has improved a lot because of the clean - up project.（对画线部分提问）
_________ _________ the water quality of the lake improved a lot
36.“Can you tell me how to save water effectively ” the boy asked his teacher.（改为间接引语）
The boy asked his teacher _________ he _________ tell him how to save water effectively.
37.They are building a new water treatment plant in the suburbs.（改为被动语态）
A new water treatment plant _________ _________ built in the suburbs.
38.Although it was raining heavily, the workers still carried on with the water pipe repair.（保持句意基本不变）
_________ _________ it was raining heavily, the workers still carried on with the water pipe repair.
39.We need to protect water resources. We can’t live without water.（合并为一句）
We need to protect water resources _________ we can’t live without water.
40.The water consumption of the city will increase by 10% next year.（改为否定句）
The water consumption of the city _________ _________ by 10% next year.
Part 2 Reading and Writing（第二部分 读和写）
V. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）
A. Choose the best answer（阅读选择）（每题 2 分，共10分）
The Future of Water
With the rapid growth of the global population and the development of industry, the demand for water is increasing sharply. However, water resources are limited, and water pollution is becoming more and more serious. So, what will the future of water be like
Scientists are constantly exploring new ways to obtain clean water. One of the most promising technologies is seawater desalination. Although it currently requires a large amount of energy, with the progress of science and technology, the cost of desalination is expected to decrease significantly in the future.
Another important aspect is water recycling. Many cities have started to recycle wastewater for non - drinking purposes, such as watering plants, flushing toilets, and industrial use. This not only reduces the demand for fresh water but also helps to reduce water pollution.
In addition, smart water management systems are emerging. These systems use advanced sensors and data analytics to monitor water usage in real - time, helping users to manage water more efficiently and reduce waste.
However, despite these efforts, challenges still remain. Climate change may lead to more extreme weather events, such as droughts and floods, which will further disrupt the water cycle. And ensuring equitable access to clean water for all people around the world is still a long - way - to - go.
41. Why is the demand for water increasing
A. Because people waste more water.
B. Because the quality of water is getting better.
C. Because of the growth of population and industry.
D. Because there are more water - using devices.
42. What do we know about seawater desalination
A. It is already widely used. B. It is very cheap at present.
C. It requires a lot of energy. D. It has no environmental impact.
43. What can smart water management systems do
A. They can produce clean water. B. They can monitor water usage.
C. They can recycle wastewater. D. They can prevent water pollution.
44. What are the challenges in the future of water
A. The high cost of seawater desalination and water recycling.
B. The lack of advanced sensors for water management.
C. The disruption of the water cycle caused by climate change and unequal access to clean water.
D. The low efficiency of water - saving devices.
45. What is the main idea of the passage
A. The importance of water resources.
B. The current situation of water pollution.
C. The future development and challenges of water.
D. The methods of water conservation.
B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（完形填空）（每题 1 分，共7分）
A Community’s Water - Saving Journey
In a small community, water shortage was a big problem. The local government and residents decided to work together to 46.______ this issue.
First, they carried out a series of 47.______ activities to raise people’s awareness of water conservation. Posters were put up everywhere, and experts were invited to give talks about the 48.______ of water and how to save it.
Then, they started to 49.______ water - saving devices in every household. These devices, such as low - flow showerheads and water - saving toilets, could 50.______ a significant amount of water.
The community also built a rainwater collection system. Rainwater was collected in large tanks and 51.______ for watering plants and cleaning public areas.
After a year of hard work, the community’s water consumption decreased by 20%. Everyone was proud of their 52.______ and continued to look for more ways to save water.
46. A. avoid B. solve C. create D. ignore
47. A. awareness - raising B. money - raising
C. house - building D. water - wasting
48. A. history B. pollution C. importance D. shortage
49. A. remove B. install C. repair D. sell
50. A. waste B. save C. use D. produce
51. A. wasted B. polluted C. used D. destroyed
52. A. efforts B. problems C. mistakes D. plans
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（首字母填空）（每题 2 分，共10分）
Water - Saving in Agriculture
Agriculture is one of the largest consumers of water. In many regions, a large amount of water is w 53. due to inefficient irrigation methods. To address this problem, farmers are adopting new irrigation techniques.
Drip irrigation is a popular method. It delivers water directly to the roots of plants through small tubes, r 54. water waste. Another method is sprinkler irrigation, which sprays water over a large area in a more controlled way.
In addition, farmers are using s 55. water - retaining materials in the soil. These materials can hold water and gradually release it to the plants, reducing the frequency of irrigation.
By using these methods, farmers can not only save water but also increase crop yields. This is a win - win s 56. for both water conservation and agricultural development.
However, there are still some c 57. in promoting these new methods. Some farmers may not have enough money to buy the necessary equipment, and others may lack the knowledge and skills to use them properly.
D. Answer the questions（回答问题）（每题 2 分，共10分）
The Story of a Water - Saving Invention
A young inventor named Tom was concerned about the water waste in daily life. He noticed that when people washed their hands, they often used more water than needed. So, he decided to invent a device to solve this problem.
Tom spent months researching and experimenting. He tried different designs and materials. Finally, he came up with a new type of faucet. This faucet could sense the presence of hands and adjust the water flow automatically. When hands were close, it would release a proper amount of water, and when hands left, it would stop the water flow immediately.
Tom took his invention to a science fair. Many people showed great interest in it. Some companies even wanted to cooperate with him to produce and sell the faucet on a large scale.
Thanks to Tom’s invention, more and more people are now able to save water easily in their daily handwashing. And Tom hopes that his invention can inspire more people to think about water - saving and come up with their own creative solutions.
58. What made Tom decide to invent a new device
________________________________________.
59. How does the new type of faucet work
________________________________________.
60. What happened when Tom took his invention to the science fair
________________________________________.
61. What is the significance of Tom’s invention
________________________________________.
62. If you were Tom, what other water - saving ideas would you have
________________________________________.
VI. Writing（作文）（16 分）
随着全球水资源短缺问题日益严峻，科技创新在水资源保护和利用方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。请以 “The Role of Technology in Water Protection” 为题，写一篇英语短文，阐述科技在水保护中的作用。
内容包括：
1.简述全球水资源现状；
2.列举科技在水保护中的具体应用（如海水淡化、污水处理、智能监测等）；
3.分析科技应用面临的挑战；
4.对未来科技助力水保护的展望。
注意：
1.内容必须包含要点中的所有信息；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.文中不能出现真实姓名及学校名称；
4.词数 80 左右（标题已给出，不计入总词数）。
The Role of Technology in Water Protection/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 1 Water 提升测试卷答案解析
一、Part 1 Grammar and Vocabulary（语法和词汇）
I. Choose the best answer（选择最恰当的答案）
答案：A
解析：“not only...but also...” 连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循 “就近原则”，与靠近的 “their teacher” 保持一致，为单数；句子陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，所以选 is，答案是 A。
答案：C
解析：由 “next year” 可知，“water treatment plant（水处理厂）” 是将来要被建造的，动词不定式的被动形式 “to be built” 表示将来的被动动作，符合语境，答案为 C。
答案：B
解析：“It was not until...that...” 是强调句的固定句型，强调 “not until” 引导的时间状语从句，意思是 “直到…… 才……”，这里强调 “直到她完成所有水净化实验”，所以选 that，答案是 B 。
答案：B
解析：“the Earth” 和 “see” 之间是被动关系，即 “地球被看”，所以用过去分词 Seen 作状语，相当于 “ When the Earth is seen from space”，答案为 B 。
答案：B
解析：这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是 “the new method of water conservation（新的节水方法）”，指物，且在从句中作 “researching” 的宾语，所以用 which 引导，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，答案选 B 。
答案：A
解析：“Had we taken...” 是省略 if 的虚拟条件句，对过去情况的虚拟；而 “now” 表明后半句是对现在情况的虚拟，主句用 “would/could/might/should + 动词原形”，这里表示 “现在会有更少的水资源短缺”，所以用 would have，答案是 A 。
答案：A
解析：“the amount of + 不可数名词” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“be expected to do sth.” 表示 “被期望做某事”，句子意思是 “大城市浪费的水量预计在未来五年减少 30%”，所以用 is expected，答案为 A 。
答案：B
解析：“the little” 表示 “仅有的一点”，有特指含义；“a little” 表示 “一点”，表肯定；“little” 表示 “几乎没有”，表否定；“a few” 修饰可数名词。这里指 “我们应充分利用我们仅有的一点水”，所以选 the little，答案是 B 。
答案：C
解析：当主语后有 “together with...” 等介词短语时，谓语动词的单复数与主语保持一致，“The scientist” 是单数，根据 “day and night to meet the deadline（日夜赶工以赶上截止日期）” 可知用现在进行时 is working，答案为 C 。
答案：A
解析：“while” 在此处表示 “虽然，尽管”，引导让步状语从句，可位于句首；“as” 引导让步状语从句时，需用倒装结构；“since” 和 “because” 引导原因状语从句。句子意思是 “虽然水污染是个严重问题，但我们仍有希望通过共同努力解决它” ，所以选 While，答案是 A 。
答案：B
解析：“chemical” 作形容词时，表示 “化学的”，修饰 “material”，“a new type of chemical material” 意为 “一种新型化学材料”；“chemistry” 是名词 “化学”；“chemically” 是副词；“chemist” 是名词 “化学家”，答案为 B 。
答案：B
解析：“the water” 和 “expose” 之间是被动关系，即 “水被暴露在阳光下”，所以用过去分词 Exposed 作状语，答案是 B 。
答案：C
解析：“on” 后接宾语从句，从句中 “learned” 缺少宾语，“what” 在宾语从句中可作主语、宾语或表语，此处表示 “学生们被要求写一篇关于他们所学的水回收知识的报告” ，所以用 what，答案为 C 。
答案：B
解析：“if” 引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则，主句 “will be cancelled” 是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，“it” 是第三人称单数，所以用 rains，答案是 B 。
答案：B
解析：“find out” 后接宾语从句，根据语境 “研究团队试图弄清楚新的水处理技术是否能大规模应用” ，“whether” 表示 “是否”，符合句意，答案为 B 。
II. Choose the proper words in the box to complete the passage（选词填空）
答案：E
解析：水是人类生存和发展 “至关重要的” 资源，“crucial” 表示 “至关重要的”，答案是 E 。
答案：C
解析：由于污染、过度使用和气候变化，全球水状况正在 “恶化”，“deteriorating” 表示 “恶化”，答案为 C 。
答案：B
解析：为解决这个问题，我们需要采取各种 “举措”，“initiatives” 表示 “举措，倡议”，答案是 B 。
答案：A
解析：我们应该制定 “可持续的” 水资源管理策略，“sustainable” 表示 “可持续的”，答案为 A 。
答案：D
解析：“allocate” 表示 “分配”，“allocate water resources” 即 “分配水资源” ，答案是 D 。
答案：B
解析：在水保护领域，不同组织通常需要共同合作，“in collaboration” 表示 “合作”，答案为 B 。
答案：C
解析：他们想出 “创新的” 想法和方法，“innovative” 表示 “创新的”，答案是 C 。
答案：A
解析：“implement” 表示 “实施”，“implement these plans” 即 “实施这些计划” ，答案为 A 。
答案：E
解析：“evaluate” 表示 “评估”，评估结果看是否能有效解决与水相关的问题，答案是 E 。
答案：D
解析：“challenges” 表示 “挑战，问题”，符合语境，答案为 D 。
plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms（用单词适当形式填空）
答案：discovery
解析：“the...of” 结构中需要名词，“discover” 是动词，其名词形式 “discovery” 表示 “发现”，“新水源的发现对解决水资源短缺问题具有重要意义”，答案是 discovery 。
答案：encourage
解析：“should” 是情态动词，后接动词原形；“courage” 是名词 “勇气”，其动词形式 “encourage” 表示 “鼓励”，“我们应该鼓励人们在日常生活中使用节水设备”，答案为 encourage 。
答案：pollution
解析：“the...of” 结构后接名词，“pollute” 是动词，“pollution” 是名词 “污染”，“河流的污染导致大量水生动植物死亡”，答案是 pollution 。
答案：effective
解析：“ways” 是名词，需要形容词修饰；“effect” 是名词 “效果”，“effective” 是形容词 “有效的”，“科学家们正在研究更有效的污水处理方法”，答案为 effective 。
答案：awareness
解析：“the...of” 结构中用名词，“aware” 是形容词 “意识到的”，“awareness” 是名词 “意识”，“近年来公众的水保护意识逐渐提高”，答案是 awareness 。
答案：policies
解析：“a series of” 表示 “一系列”，后接可数名词复数，“policy” 的复数形式是 “policies”，“政府制定了一系列促进节水的政策”，答案为 policies 。
答案：advisable
解析：“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.” 是固定句型，“advisable” 是形容词 “明智的，可取的”，“立即采取行动防止水污染是明智的”，答案是 advisable 。
答案：development
解析：“the...of” 结构需要名词，“develop” 是动词，“development” 是名词 “发展”，“节水技术的发展将给社会带来巨大利益”，答案为 development 。
IV. Rewrite the following sentences as required（按要求完成句子）
答案：What great
解析：感叹句结构 “What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，“progress” 是不可数名词，所以用 “What great”，“在过去十年里我们在水处理技术方面取得了多么大的进步啊！”
答案：Why has
解析：对 “because of the clean - up project（因为清理项目）” 原因提问，用 “Why”；原句是现在完成时，“has improved”，将 “has” 提到主语前，答案是 “Why has” 。
答案：if/whether; could
解析：直接引语是一般疑问句，改为间接引语时，用 if 或 whether 引导宾语从句，从句时态由一般现在时变为一般过去时，“can” 变为 “could”，答案是 “if/whether; could” 。
答案：is being
解析：现在进行时的被动语态结构是 “am/is/are + being + 过去分词”，“a new water treatment plant” 是单数，所以用 “is being”，“一座新的水处理厂正在郊区被建造”。
答案：Despite the fact that
解析：“although” 和 “despite the fact that” 都可表示 “尽管”，“despite” 是介词，后接名词或名词性短语，这里接从句需加 “the fact that”，答案是 “Despite the fact that” 。
答案：because
解析：“We can’t live without water（没有水我们无法生存）” 是 “We need to protect water resources（我们需要保护水资源）” 的原因，所以用 “because” 连接，答案是 because 。
答案：won’t increase
解析：一般将来时的否定句，在 “will” 后加 “not”，缩写为 “won’t”，后接动词原形，“这座城市的用水量明年不会增加 10%”，答案是 “won’t increase” 。
二、Part 2 Reading and Writing（读和写）
V. Reading comprehension（阅读理解）
A. Choose the best answer（阅读选择）
答案：C
解析：根据文中 “With the rapid growth of the global population and the development of industry, the demand for water is increasing sharply.” 可知，水需求增加是因为人口增长和工业发展，答案选 C 。
答案：C
解析：从 “One of the most promising technologies is seawater desalination. Although it currently requires a large amount of energy...” 可知，海水淡化目前需要大量能源，答案为 C 。
答案：B
解析：由 “These systems use advanced sensors and data analytics to monitor water usage in real - time...” 可知，智能水管理系统能实时监测用水情况，答案是 B 。
答案：C
解析：根据 “However, despite these efforts, challenges still remain. Climate change may lead to more extreme weather events... And ensuring equitable access to clean water for all people around the world is still a long - way - to - go.” 可知，未来水面临的挑战是气候变化对水循环的破坏以及全球清洁水获取的不平等，答案选 C 。
答案：C
解析：文章先阐述水资源现状，接着介绍海水淡化、水循环利用、智能水管理等未来发展方向，最后说明面临的挑战，主要讲的是水的未来发展和挑战，答案为 C 。
B. Choose the best answer and complete the passage（完形填空）
答案：B
解析：社区缺水是个大问题，政府和居民决定共同努力 “解决” 这个问题，“solve” 表示 “解决”，答案选 B 。
答案：A
解析：从 “to raise people’s awareness of water conservation（提高人们的节水意识）” 可知，开展的是提高意识的活动，“awareness - raising” 表示 “提高意识的”，答案为 A 。
答案：C
解析：专家被邀请来讲解水的 “重要性” 以及如何节水，“importance” 表示 “重要性”，答案是 C 。
答案：B
解析：他们开始在每户 “安装” 节水设备，“install” 表示 “安装”，答案选 B 。
答案：B
解析：这些节水设备能 “节省” 大量的水，“save” 表示 “节省”，答案为 B 。
答案：C
解析：雨水被收集起来 “用于” 浇花和清洁公共区域，“used” 表示 “使用”，答案是 C 。
答案：A
解析：经过一年努力，社区用水量下降，每个人都为他们的 “努力” 感到自豪，“efforts” 表示 “努力”，答案选 A 。
C. Fill in the blanks with proper words（首字母填空）
答案：wasted
解析：由于低效的灌溉方法，很多地区大量的水被 “浪费”，“waste” 表示 “浪费”，这里是被动语态，所以用过去分词 “wasted”，答案是 wasted 。
答案：reducing
解析：滴灌通过小管道直接将水输送到植物根部，“减少” 水浪费，“reduce” 表示 “减少”，此处用现在分词作结果状语，答案为 reducing 。
答案：special
解析：农民在土壤中使用 “特殊的” 保水材料，“special” 表示 “特殊的”，答案是 special 。
答案：situation
解析：这对节水和农业发展来说是双赢的 “局面”，“situation” 表示 “局面，情况”，答案选 situation 。
答案：challenges
解析：根据 “Some farmers may not have enough money... and others may lack the knowledge and skills to use them properly.” 可知，推广这些新方法仍有一些 “挑战”，“challenges” 表示 “挑战”，答案为 challenges 。
D. Answer the questions（回答问题）
答案：He noticed that when people washed their hands, they often used more water than needed.
解析：从 “He noticed that when people washed their hands, they often used more water than needed. So, he decided to invent a device to solve this problem.” 可知答案。
答案：This faucet could sense the presence of hands and adjust the water flow automatically. When hands were close, it would release a proper amount of water, and when hands left, it would stop the water flow immediately.
解析：由 “This faucet could sense the presence of hands and adjust the water flow automatically. When hands were close, it would release a proper amount of water, and when hands left, it would stop the water flow immediately.” 得出答案。
答案：Many people showed great interest in it. Some companies even wanted to cooperate with him to produce and sell the faucet on a large scale.
解析：根据 “Tom took his invention to a science fair. Many people showed great interest in it. Some companies even wanted to cooperate with him to produce and sell the faucet on a large scale.” 可知答案。
答案：Thanks to Tom’s invention, more and more people are now able to save water easily in their daily handwashing. And it can inspire more people to think about water - saving and come up with their own creative solutions.
解析：从 “Thanks to Tom’s invention, more and more people are now able to save water easily in their daily handwashing. And Tom hopes that his invention can inspire more people to think about water - saving and come up with their own creative solutions.” 可总结答案。
答案：Possible answers: I would invent a device that can recycle the water used for washing vegetables and make it clean enough for flushing toilets. （答案不唯一，合理即可）
解析：可从生活中常见的用水场景出发，提出合理的节水创意 。
VI. Writing（作文）
参考范文：
The Role of Technology in Water Protection
Nowadays, water shortage is becoming a serious problem around the world. Many places don’t have enough clean water for people to use.
Technology helps a lot in water protection. For example, seawater desalination technology turns sea water into clean water.Wastewater treatment technology makes dirty water clean again. Smart monitoring systems can watch water quality in real time and find problems quickly.
However, there are challenges. These technologies can be expensive, and some are not perfect.
I hope in the future, technology will become better. It will make water protection easier and solve the water shortage problem.

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