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丰台区2024-2025学年度第二学期期中练习
高二英语 参考答案
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30 分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. B
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
11. to save 12. is wasted 13. what 14. have witnessed
15. happier 16. on 17. putting 18. published
19. whom 20. beliefs
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B
29. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
35. A 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. B
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32 分）
第一节（共 4 小题；第 40、41 题各 2 分，第 42 题 3 分，第 43 题 5 分，共 12 分）
40. Empathy is our ability to share, understand and care about others’ emotions.
41. Live theater enabled audience to express more empathy for the characters onstage and change their behavior.
42. Theater can build empathy because it offers us encounters that remind us of our past experiences.
Theater can build empathy because it offers us encounters that help us see different experiences.
43. 略
第二节（20分）
略
1丰台区2024-2025学年度第二学期期中练习
高二英语 考试时间：90分钟
笔试（共三部分100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Sports are important in our family. Both of our sons were high-school athletes. So, I shouldn’t have been 1 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team. But I was, because she has Down syndrome(唐氏综合症) . My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 2 . We treated her like our other children. We didn’t want her to feel disabled.
“I’m gonna play basketball, Daddy.” Lauren ran to meet me when I came in from work. She flew into my arms and lingered long in my embrace. “That’s
3 , honey,” I patted her shoulder and walked into the kitchen. My wife spoke slowly, her tone steady. “What Lauren’s trying to say is that she’s joining the girls’ high-school basketball team.” Her words 4 in. Everything that could happen flashed through my mind. But what could we do
Mid-November, the season’s first basketball game arrived. It got off to a good start, but soon Verden, Lauren’s team, was behind. Lauren 5 followed the movement on the court and reacted to every shot. Even though she wasn’t playing, she looked as if she were having the time of her life.
Just less than two minutes were left, and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren was called in for the game! She 6 the others fairly well. From her agile movement and eager expression, I knew she was desperate to score for her team. Then they passed Lauren the ball. She 7 it. She shot. She scored! A few minutes later, Lauren joined us in the stands. “Did you see I scored! I made a 8 !”
For sixteen years, I’d tried hard to 9 Lauren from feeling like she was different. But watching Lauren in the game, I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally, but 10 .
1. A. disappointed B. surprised C. depressed D. embarrassed
2. A. normal B. ordinary C. different D. typical
3. A. awful B. strange C. hard D. nice
4. A. sank B. poured C. came D. kicked
5. A. frequently B. carelessly C. attentively D. repeatedly
6. A. kept pace with B. gave way to C. put up with D. broke away from
7. A. threw B. missed C. cast D. caught
8. A. mistake B. record C. mess D. basket
9. A. excuse B. shelter C. discourage D. prohibit
10. A. consciously B. spiritually C. literally D. socially
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A
We are writing to call on everyone to take part in the Clear Your Plate campaign. It urges people 11 (save) food by not wasting anything on the dining table. You may not know over 30% of the world’s food 12 (waste) every year, while many people in poor areas do not have enough to eat. Reducing daily food waste by just 5% could save millions of people from starvation. Let’s start doing
13 we can to make the world a better place.
B
Researchers 14 (witness) that more than 3.5 billion people worldwide spend an average of three hours a day glued to their smartphones so far. The researchers also found that people who lowered their usage by one hour every day were 15 (happy) and reduced anxiety symptoms by more than 30%. Cutting back was more effective than total digital detox(戒瘾) : People who spend one hour less per day 16 smartphones during the one-week intervention were more likely to successfully change their habits over the long term than those 17 (put) their smartphones away entirely for a week.
C
A new study, 18 (publish) in Psychological Medicine, found that bedtime music was associated with more sleep disruptions and that instrumental music is even worse than music with lyrics. In the study, 199 online participants, most of 19 live in the US reported on their sleep quality and music listening frequency and timing, as well as their 20 (belief) about how this affected their sleep. Almost all—87%—believed that music improves sleep, or at least does not disrupt it. However, the team found that more overall time spent listening to music was associated with poorer sleep and daytime sleepiness.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
With many Chicken Soup for the Soul books in development, we are always looking for new talent. So whether you are a regular contributor or new to our family, please share your stories with us.
Here is the recipe for submission.
Story Guidelines
Tell a heartwarming story about something that has happened to you or someone you know.
The story should start “in the action” and draw in the reader. Do not start your story with an introduction about what you are going to say.
Don’t try fancy moves with tenses. Writing in the present tense about something that happened in the past rarely works.
Keep your story within 1200 words. Tighten!
Tips about submitting
The only way to submit your stories is to do it on our website. A message, “Thank you! Your information has been received”, is the only confirmation of your submission. There is no email from us. If you have any problems, please write to: webmaster@.
There are many topics in each of our books. If you have a story that you think fits two of the topics, you may submit it to both. Also, there is no limit to the number of stories you may submit for each book.
After publication
If your story is selected to be published, you will be asked to sign our standard permission release agreement. This means that you maintain ownership of your story but you give us the rights to publish it and use it again in any future book or our other products.
After your story is published, you will receive ten free copies of the book your story appears in. You will be entitled to buy cases of your books at half price. You will also receive our monthly newsletter with advance notice of new books.
21. What kind of story is more likely to be accepted by Chicken Soup for the Soul
A. A story with an introduction. B. A story of one’s own experience.
C. A story with more than 1200 words. D. A story written in the present tense.
22. What can we learn about story submission
A. You can submit your stories by email.
B. A story can just be submitted to one topic.
C. You can submit many stories to the same book.
D. An email will be sent for a successful submission.
23. If your story is published, you will ________.
A. approve of its future publication B. lose its official ownership
C. obtain future books in advance D. get free cases of your books
B
I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. I grabbed a pipette(吸液管) and, as I feared, my hand started to shake. The experience was disheartening: I was hoping to pursue a career in science, but I started to wonder whether that would be possible. I thought my dreams had crashed to the ground.
I was a boy born with brain damage. My family managed to find good doctors where we lived, in Leningrad (now St. Petersburg), Russia, and I took part in clinical trials testing new treatments. Shortly after my first birthday, I started walking and it became clear my intelligence function was unaffected. So, in some sense, I was lucky. Still, I couldn’t do some things growing up. Both hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed. My left hand was much worse than my right, so I learned to write and do simple tasks with my right hand, but it wasn’t easy to do anything precisely.
As a teenager, I faced a lot of bullying at school. Feeling alone, I joined a study group called “The natural world”. I thought that getting into the world of animals would keep me away from people. That’s how I came into the field of biology. At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes. Many lab tasks proved impossible, however. As I struggled with my mood, I read a book about depression. From then on, the physiology of mental disorders became my scientific passion. I looked into what was being done locally and was excited to discover a lab that did behavioral experiments in rats to study depression.
At the end of my second year, I approached the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her. I was afraid to admit I couldn’t do some lab tasks. To my relief, she was completely supportive. She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues. I loved the supportive atmosphere and stayed there to complete my master’s and Ph.D.
I’ve come to realize that my hands aren’t the barrier I thought they were. By making use of my abilities and working as part of a team, I’ve been able to follow my passions. I’ve also realized that there’s much more to being a scientist than performing the physical labor. I may not collect all the data in my papers, but I’m fully capable of designing experiments and interpreting results, which, to me, is the most exciting part of science.
24. What was the author’s dream
A. To become a scientist. B. To live a normal life.
C. To get a master’s degree. D. To recover from depression.
25. The author said he was lucky in Paragraph 2 because ________.
A. he didn’t lose the function of both hands
B. he learned how to walk at the age of one
C. his family could afford to see good doctors
D. his brain damage didn’t affect his intellectual capacity
26. From the passage, it is clear that ________.
A. the author finally finished the lab tasks on his own
B. the author was urged by his family to further his study
C. the author’s loneliness moved him towards the world of biology
D. the author’s depression inspired him to help others with mental disorders
27. What message does the author want to convey
A. Loving yourself makes a difference.
B. Opportunity follows prepared people.
C. A bright future begins with a small dream.
D. The sun somehow shines through the storm.
C
GOING TO UNIVERSITY is supposed to be a mind-broadening experience. That statement is probably made in comparison to training for work straight after school, which might not be so encouraging. But is it actually true Jessika Golle of the University of Tübingen, in Germany, thought she would try to find out. Her result, however, is not quite what might be expected. As she reports in Psychological Science this week, she found that those who have been to university do indeed seem to leave with broader and more inquiring minds than those who have spent their immediate post-school years in vocational(职业的) training for work. However, it was not the case that university broadened minds. Rather, work seemed to narrow them.
Dr. Golle came to this conclusion after she and a team of colleagues studied the early careers of 2,095 German youngsters. The team used two standardized tests to assess their volunteers. One was of personality traits, including openness, conscientiousness(认真) and so on. The other was of attitudes, such as realistic, investigative and enterprising. They administered both tests twice—once towards the end of each volunteer’s time at school, and then again six years later. Of the original group, 382 were on the intermediate track, from which there was a choice between the academic and vocational routes, and it was on these that the researchers focused. University beckoned for 212 of them. The remaining 170 chose vocational training and a job.
When it came to the second round of tests, Dr. Golle found that the personalities of those who had gone to university had not changed significantly. Those who had undergone vocational training and then got jobs were not that much changed in personality, either—except in one crucial respect. They had become more conscientious.
That sounds like a good thing, certainly compared with the common public image of undergraduates as a bunch of lazybones. But changes in attitude that the researchers recorded were rather worrying. In the university group, again, none were detectable. But those who had chosen the vocational route showed marked drops in interest in tasks that are investigative and enterprising in nature. And that might restrict their choice of careers.
Some investigative and enterprising jobs, such as scientific research, are, indeed beyond the degreeless. But many, particularly in Germany, with its tradition of vocational training, are not. The researchers mention, for example, computer programmers and finance-sector workers as careers requiring these traits. If Dr. Golle is correct, and changes in attitude brought about by the very training Germany prides itself on are narrowing people’s choices, that is indeed a matter worthy of serious consideration.
28. Which of the following can best replace “beckoned for” in Paragraph 2
A. Examined. B. Attracted. C. Organized. D. Recognized.
29. What can we learn from the research
A. The degreeless have not changed in personalities.
B. Going to university is a mind-broadening experience.
C. Working straight after school might narrow people’s minds.
D. College students pride themselves on their education.
30. According to the last two paragraphs, ________.
A. college students enjoy a very good public image
B. the undergraduates have changed significantly in attitude
C. the degreeless are much better at dealing with challenging tasks
D. people show less interest in investigative jobs due to vocational training
31. What is the author’s attitude towards the finding
A. Concerned. B. Optimistic. C. Unclear. D. Skeptical.
D
When Elinor Lobel was 16, a “smart” insulin(胰岛素) pump was attached to her body. Powered by AI, it tracks her glucose levels and administers the right dose of insulin at the right time to keep her healthy. It is one of the new ways that data and AI can help improve lives.
Books that criticize the dark side of data are plentiful. They generally suggest there is much more to fear than fete in the algorithmic(算法的) age. But the intellectual tide may be turning. One of the most persuasive supporters of a more balanced view is Elinor Lobel’s mother, Orly, a law professor. In The Equality Machine she acknowledges AI’s capacity to produce harmful results. But she shows how, in the right hands, it can also be used to fight inequality and discrimination.
A principle of privacy rules is “minimisation”: collect and keep as little information as possible, especially in areas such as race and gender. Ms Lobel flips the script, showing how in hiring, pay and the legal system, knowing such characteristics leads to fairer outcomes. Ms Lobel’s call to use more, not less, personal information challenges data-privacy orthodoxy(正统观念). But she insists that “tracking differences is key to detecting unfairness.” She advocates a loosening of privacy rules to provide more transparency(透明) over algorithmic decisions.
The problems with algorithmic formulae(公式) are tackled in depth in Escape from Model Land by Erica Thompson of the School of Economics. These statistical models are the backbone of big data and AI. Yet a perfect model will always be beyond reach. “All models are wrong,” runs a wise saying. “Some are useful.”
Ms Thompson focuses on a challenge she calls the Hawkmoth Effect. In the better known Butterfly Effect, a serviceable model, in the prediction of climate change, becomes less reliable over time because of the complexity of what it is simulating(模拟), or because of inaccuracies in the original data. In the Hawkmoth Effect, by contrast, the model itself is flawed; it might fail to take full account of the interplay between humidity, wind and temperature.
The author calls on data geeks to improve their solutions to real-world issues, not merely refine their formulae—in other words, to escape from model land. “We do not need to have the best possible answer,” she writes, “only a reasonable one.”
Both these books exhibit a healthy realism about data, algorithms and their limitations. Both recognize that making progress involves accepting limitations, whether in law or coding. As Ms Lobel puts it: “It’s always better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.”
32. Ms Lobel intends to convey that ________.
A. minimisation is a good privacy rule to go by
B. algorithms are currently challenged by data privacy
C. employing more personal data should be encouraged
D. identifying algorithms’ problems leads to better outcomes
33. What can we learn about “Hawkmoth Effect”
A. It develops from Butterfly Effect.
B. It emphasizes accuracy of original data.
C. It enjoys popularity in climate research field.
D. It is mentioned to show the model can be faulty.
34. Which would be the best title for this passage
A. The Algorithm’s Prospect B. The Algorithm’s Mercy
C. The Algorithm’s Complexity D. The Algorithm’s Recognition
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bad News for the Highly Intelligent
There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the classroom and the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events.
35 In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a high IQ society. The study covered mood(情绪) disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.
To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological “overexcitabilities”, or OE. 36 This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent. 37
The results of this study must be interpreted cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder. 38 All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the link between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy(基因多效性), which occurs when a gene(基因) influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. 39 In a 2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic factors. From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve people’s psychological and physical well-being.
A. Now there’s some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious.
F. It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways
other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood
and anxiety disorders.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
For many, theater is more than entertainment; it is a vital way to build psychological skills—especially empathy, or our ability to share, understand and care about others’ emotions.
Research found that after watching theater, audience expressed more empathy for the characters onstage. The plays also changed behavior. Researchers gave audience members the option to donate some of their payment to charity. After seeing the plays, audience members donated more money to charity—whether or not the charity was related to the topics in the plays.
Why does live theater have these effects Sitting in the dark watching a play can make us forget our own worries and transport us into the life and mind of a different person. We found that the more people reported feeling “immersed” or “lost” in the play, the more their beliefs and behaviors were changed by it.
A classic finding in social psychology is that repeated, positive encounters with people unlike ourselves can build empathy. Many of us have too few experiences—or too little interest—in creating such encounters. Theaters provide the chance to see the experiences of people who differ from us in environments unlike our own.
The arts are essential to human flourishing(繁荣). As we move beyond the pandemic, we will need to focus on healing collectively and connecting better. Providing greater access to the arts—and using them to share stories across cultural and social difference—will be an important part of this path to recovery.
40. What is empathy
41. According to the research, what effects did live theater have on audience
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Theater can build empathy because it offers us encounters that remind us of our past experiences.
43. Besides watching live theater, what other ways can help to build empathy (In about 40 words)
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你校国际部将举办“英文戏剧节”活动，现招募英语主持人。请你给活动负责人写一封英文申请信，内容包括：
1.表达对活动的看法；
2.说明申请的理由。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
（请务必将答案写在答题卡指定区域内）
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