资源简介

课时数智作业(四十二)
选择性必修第四册　Unit 6　Space and beyond
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·广西河池模拟)
Apollo 15 was the first flight to the moon that included a spacewalk．On our return trip to Earth，we needed to recover film canisters (胶卷盒) from the service module．Because it was a new activity，an incredible amount of preparation went into it．
I evaluated the entire plan in terms of safety and results．During our pre-flight analysis，we installed a warning tone in the suit in case of low oxygen pressure．Once all pre-flight work was accomplished，the actual spacewalk was easy and accomplished in a short time．I had the pleasure of being outside the spacecraft for 38 minutes，and here's how we did it．
We started suiting up an hour or so before the actual spacewalk．I got a little rush as the Command Module was depressurizing because I was then completely dependent on the pressure in the suit to keep me alive．I had practised this procedure many times on Earth，but this was for real and I had to do it just right．Once the cabin pressure went to zero，we opened the hatch (舱口) and went out．
What a feeling to be free in deep space! I concentrated on reaching for the handholds as I made my way to the back of the service module so I would not float away．I had a small problem right away．The high-resolution camera was stuck out in its extended position．I reached the canister，put a safety clip on it，attached by a rope to my wrist，and pulled it out of the bay．Turning around again I made my way back to the hatch．So far，a piece of cake．After another two trips，I finished my task．
Just by turning my head I could position myself so that both the Earth and the Moon were in field of vision．I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before．What an honour it was．
1．What is the purpose of installing a warning tone in the suit？(　　)
A．To help recover film canisters．
B．To assess the safety of the plan．
C．To improve the quality of the suit．
D．To inform astronauts of low oxygen pressure．
2．Why was the author feel nervous faced with his actual spacewalk？(　　)
A．His task was completely new for him．
B．He lacked full preparation in advance．
C．He was afraid to make any mistake．
D．He suddenly found his suit went wrong．
3．What happened when the author did his task in space？(　　)
A．He couldn't find the canister．
B．He failed to handle the problem himself．
C．He experienced a narrow escape initially．
D．He met with some challenges when doing his task．
4．What does the author feel about his trip to the moon？(　　)
A．Tired． B．Confused．
C．Proud． D．Safe．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北衡水三模)
Save the Earth from Declining Biodiversity
Plants and animals depend on each other for survival．Find out why biodiversity is so important and how you can help．
Skip the selfie (自拍照)．Riding elephants，holding monkeys，and taking photos with little lions might seem fun，but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren't being properly cared for．Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly． 1
Stand up for scary animals．Some people are afraid of animals like wolves，sharks，and bats and try to harm them． 2 Because they keep their habitats healthy．So tell everyone how amazing they are．
Bad plants． 3 They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem．You can help．Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre．
Lights off．Birds can become confused by bright night-time lights，causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they're very tired． 4 You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices．
5 Bring binoculars (望远镜) on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar．That way you don't disturb animals，which can change their behaviour．Critters (生物) are better off spending energy looking for food or caring for young — not hiding from you!
A．Look — Don't touch．
B．But these animals are super important．
C．A large number of birds die from these．
D．We should make an effort to protect local species．
E．Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media．
F．Invasive species are plants and animals that don't belong in a habitat．
G．Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating．
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·辽宁教研教改联合体一模)
The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship successfully 1．__________ (dock) with the space station at 3：32 a．m． on April 26，2024，according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA)．The whole process took 2．__________ (approximate) 6.5 hours．
The spaceship，atop a Long March-2F carrier rocket，blasted off at 8：59 p．m．from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China．About 10 3．__________ (minute) after the launch，the Shenzhou-18 spaceship separated from the rocket 4．__________ entered its designated orbit．The crew members are 5．__________ good shape and the launch is 6．__________ “complete success”，the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced．
While in orbit，the Shenzhou-18 spaceship is scheduled 7．__________ (make) a fast，automated rendezvous and to dock with the space station combination．The Shenzhou-18 crew will rotate with the Shenzhou-17 crew in orbit．
The Shenzhou-18 crew members are Ye Guangfu，Li Cong and Li Guangsu，with Ye as the mission 8．__________ (command)．The Shenzhou-18 mission marks Ye's second journey into space，9．__________ (follow) his previous role as a crew member during the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022．Li Cong and Li Guangsu，10．__________ belong to the third group of Chinese astronauts，are both embarking on their first-ever space adventure．
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dear Jenny，I am really sorry to tell you that you didn't get the position this time．The interviewers had a discussion about you．You have a very good experience，but you are not qualified for this position．The journalist we want is to communicate with people from walks of life，so you should be more sociable and more energetic．So，sorry．” Actually，such was not quite new to Jenny and this was the third time that she had been rejected for a job position after her graduation from university as a top student．
Overwhelmed (淹没) with sadness，she lifted her hands to cover her face．Her heart was broken with self-doubt whether she was never good enough to fit in with the highly competitive adult world．It seemed that the excellence she displayed at school was nothing but illusion．“Maybe I should quit applying for that demanding job，” Jenny whispered to herself．
Sensing something wrong，Jenny's father，James，said to his daughter，“Congratulations on your graduation，and time to enjoy your youth．In celebration of your new life，I'd like to give you something special．Here is a car that I acquired many years ago．But before I give it to you，take it to the used car lot downtown and tell them you want to sell it and see how much they offer you．”
Unwilling as Jenny was，she went to the used car lot and they offered her only one thousand dollars because the car looked very worn out．With that offer，she returned back to her father and out of her expectation，this time her father told her to take this car to a pawnshop (当铺)．Confused，Jenny went to the pawnshop where they should have offered her ten thousand dollars as her father's car looked a little bit old to them．“Maybe it is a perfect deal！” thought Jenny．But then，the father advised his daughter to keep trying and go to a car club and show them the car．The daughter took the car to the club，and then，breathtakingly，something magic happened．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
People there willingly offered one hundred thousand dollars for the same car．____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wearing a satisfied smile，James said，“They identified it as an expensive car．”__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1 / 5核心 词汇 1．________ n．坏影响，阴影 2．________ v．(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫 3．______ n．(飞机上的)全体机组人员 4．__________ adj．简单的 5．_________ adj．很好的，了不起的 6．_______ v．(去)拿来 7．________ v．打喷嚏
阅读 词汇 1．________ n．概念；观点；看法 2．_________ n．航天飞机 3．__________ v．重新激起，重新唤起 4．____________ adv．瞬间地 5．__________ adj．(图画、模型等)生动的， 逼真的 6．___________ n．望远镜 7．self-discipline n．_________ 8．angle v．____ 9．galaxy n．____ 10．cosmic adj．_____ 11．muscle n．____ 12．disc n．____________
拓展 词汇 1．unexceptional adj．平常的→_____________ adj．例外的；特别的；杰出的→________ prep．除……外→___________ n．例外 2．tragically adv．悲惨地，不幸地→________ adj．悲惨的，悲痛的→_________ n．悲剧；不幸；灾难 3．suspend v．暂停，中止→____________ n．停职；暂停；悬浮 4．simulated adj．模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→__________ v．模拟；假装；冒充→___________ n．(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器 5．submit v．提交→____________ n．提交(物)；呈递(物)；屈服 6．invisible adj．看不见的→_________ adj．看得见的→________ n．视野；视力
高频 短语 1．__________________ 习惯于 2．__________________ 给……蒙上阴影 3．_____________ 踏上，登上 4．___________ 心提到嗓子眼 5．__________ 起飞；脱下；突然成功 6．_________ 收看；收听 7．_____________ 向某人挥手 8．reach for the stars　 ________________ 9．sign up for ______ 10．work out ___________ 11．be engaged in _______ 12．be composed of _______ 13．be invisible to _________ 14．quest for ___________
句型 公式 1．Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned．(while引导时间状语从句) “挑战者号”令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时该事故的原因被调查，飞行器的部分零件被重新设计。 2．But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue...(there is never any doubt that...) 但是毫无疑问，载人飞行将继续下去…… 3．Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way．(It＋be＋v．-ed＋that...) 很快，人们认识到，太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。 4．Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances，from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born，to huge black holes，and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life．(where引导定语从句) 它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。 5．The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for dark matter，thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes．(形容词短语作后置定语) 众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。
At present，we 1．_____________ (become) accustomed to observing the night sky with a telescope and most of us have been aware that it is 2．____ awesome invention．With the 3．____________ (assist) of it，we can see numberless stars invisible to the naked eye．4．_________，our quest is far beyond observing the stars，and we have been trying 5．____________ (explore) many galaxies in the universe．Our efforts never suspend，although the loss of the Challenger once cast a shadow 6．____ our hearts．With the purpose of rekindling young pupils' interest in space travel，the space shuttle 7．______ (take) off on 28 January 1986．But only a minute later，it instantaneously exploded and the lives of its crew were tragically killed，8．________ (make) people scream with horror．All the crew sacrificed，9．_____ their spirits would inspire us to continue to reach for the stars，however hazardous and 10．_________ (distance) they are．
1．shadow n．坏影响，阴影n．影子 v．在……上投下阴影；跟踪
①It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow ____ people's hearts．
②Jack has always lived ____ the shadow of his brother，which puts him under great pressure．
③The ancient ruins were partially hidden ____ shadow，adding to their mysterious atmosphere．
④The small village lived __________ the shadow of the looming mountain，feeling both protected and overshadowed．
　读后续写之心理描写
这一意想不到的悲剧给他们的幸福生活蒙上了一层阴影，使他们极度愁闷、沮丧。
This unexpected tragedy ___________________________________，causing them extremely gloomy and depressed．
◎in shadow 在暗处
◎in/under the shadow of sth．在……近旁；被(某人的光彩)所掩盖
◎cast/throw a shadow/shadows on
在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影
◎Thunder continued to shake the sky and lightning illuminated the store for seconds，casting frightening shadows on my mind．
雷声继续震动着天空，闪电照亮了商店几秒钟，在我的脑海中投下了可怕的阴影。
2．submit v．提交；投降；屈服；不得已接受
①These stories can relieve my stress and broaden my horizons．Besides，I even ___________ (submit) my own fiction to Youth．
②Under no circumstances should we submit ourselves ____ any difficulties．
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)The researchers then examined these _____________ (submission)，coding(编码) experiences into different categories．
　应用文写作之作品征集
如果你想加入，你可以在7月1日之前将你的作品提交至photocontest@school．com。 (submit)
If you want to join，you can ______________________ photocontest@school．com before July 1st．
◎submit to屈从于；不得已接受
◎submit oneself to屈服；投降；接受
◎submit...to...向……提交……
◎submission n．提交；屈服
◎(2024·九省联考)Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st．
请在6月1日截止日期前将您的参赛作品提交到英语系邮箱。
3．become accustomed to习惯于
①Knowing that you are not accustomed ____ the life here and are considering returning to America，I feel very upset．
②Accustoming himself to ________ (live) in the countryside，Mr．King found it hard to live in the city．
③It took a while for me to accustom ________ (I) to all the new rules and regulations．
　应用文写作之建议信
得知你在适应高中的新生活方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议。
Knowing that you have difficulty in _____________________________________ ________________________，I'm writing to give you some hints．
◎be/get accustomed to (doing) sth．习惯于(做)某事
◎accustom sb．/oneself to (doing) sth．使某人习惯于(做)某事
◎I'm sure you will quickly get accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college．
我相信你很快就会习惯学院浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
4．[教材原句]When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved．(seem后跟不定式作表语)
当“挑战者号”航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，全世界似乎已经对相关宇航员所获得的惊人成就不再感到惊奇。
①(2024·北京卷)Writing seemed _______ (be) another form of drawing．
②Rose showed no anxiety before the competition．She seemed __________________ (prepare) for it pretty well．
③He seems __________________ (struggle) with that problem，maybe we should offer some help．
　读后续写之心理描写
①喧闹声似乎使他们充满了恐惧。他们逃到船上，立即开始拼命地划水。
The noise _______________________________．They fled to their boats and immediately began paddling furiously．
②她好像在找什么东西，满脸焦急，不时停下来在岩石中搜寻。
She ____________________________________，with a face full of anxiety，stopping now and then to search among rocks．
该句中seem后跟不定式作表语，不定式有三种时态：
◎一般式(to do)，表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作或发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后；
◎进行式(to be doing)，表示动作正在进行，且与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生；
◎完成式(to have done)，表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The moment Gunter picked up the phone，he seemed to know I was going to call．
冈特一拿起电话，似乎就知道我要打电话。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not ___________ (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late．
2．____________ (accustom) to climbing the steep mountains，he had no difficulty reaching the top．
3．The Internet is considered _________________ (change) most people's life since it was invented．
4．A team has trained a computer to recognise more than 60 different non-verbal accents on a ___________ (simulate) face．
5．A bright full moon cast her shadow ____ the quiet surface of the West Lake．
6．All the time I was nervously walking across the narrow bridge，my heart ____ my mouth．
7．Most of the time the peaks are _________，but now the peaks which are covered with white floating clouds become ___________ now and then like a fantastic Chinese painting．(visible)
8．As a __________，he has __________ a great deal of music and many of his ______________ are well-known all around the world．(compose)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．shadow
A．影子　B．昏暗处；背光处　C．坏影响　D．少许；一丁点
(1)Someone jumped out of the shadows and grabbed my handbag． ___
(2)An oak tree cast its shadow over a tiny round pool． ___
(3)They stole the money，made a getaway and lived under the shadow of fear． ___
(4)It is a tragic story，but there is a shadow of hope． ___
2．(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts． ___
A．一群人　　　 B．专业人员
C．(飞机上的)全体工作人员
3．I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use． ___
A．夹角 B．角度
C．立场，观点
4．Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements．See how awesome you are？ ___
A．很好的，了不起的
B．很困难的
C．可怕的
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．他在值班期间认真做好自己的工作，得到了大家的认可。
______________________，he did his part conscientiously，gaining everyone's recognition．
2．众所周知，学好英语对我们大家都大有益处。
①______________________________ learning English well will be of great benefit to us all．
②_________________________，learning English well will be of great benefit to us all．
③___________________________ is that learning English well will be of great benefit to us all．
3．这就是为什么我申请这份需要耐心和细心的工作。
This is why I apply for the job ____________________________________．
4．对于那些没有意识到友谊的重要性的人来说，这是一本值得一读的书。
For those _________________________________________，this is a book worth reading．
5．毫无疑问，中国在世界上扮演着极其重要的角色。
①___________________________________ China is playing a vital role in the world．
②________________________ China is playing a vital role in the world．
假设你是李华，听闻神舟十八号载人飞船发射成功，上周六你们班全体同学参观了一场太空展。请你写一篇英语短文，阐述你对太空探索的看法。内容包括：
1．人们对太空探索表示担忧；
2．太空探索的意义；
3．你的看法。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　写作微练
①1986年美国“挑战者号”航天飞机发生爆炸，机上7名机组人员丧命，给人类太空探索蒙上了阴影。
In 1986，the American space shuttle Challenger exploded，which ___________________________________________________________________．
②尽管这项工作危险且困难重重，但人类对宇宙和银河系的探索从来没有停下脚步。
___________________________________________，human exploration of the universe and the Galaxy has never stopped．
③中国在贵州省建成了世界上最大的射电望远镜，使太空微粒清晰可见。
China ___________________________________________ in Guizhou Province，making _________________ clearly visible．
④人类已经步入了新时代，对太空的探索会越走越远。
____________________________________；the exploration of space will go further and further．
⑤无论遇到什么样的困难，中国人民会继续和平利用太空，参与到为人类谋福利的活动中。
____________________________________________________，the Chinese people will continue to make peaceful use of space and ______________________ for the benefit of mankind．
　句式升级
⑥用动词-ing形式作状语和非限制性定语从句改写句①
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
⑦用with复合结构改写句④
_____________________________________________________________________
　妙笔成篇
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 rekindle；scream；suspend；submit；angle；fetch；sneeze
美句 1．Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong． 2．The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane．How wrong they had been！Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure． 3．We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle．
拓展 语料 主题语境结尾升华技巧：脱困类 遇险脱困主要涉及在人与社会主题语境下，出现火灾、洪水、溺水、迷路等紧急情况。此类主题可采用下列升华诀窍：
诀窍一： 经历＋感悟 Finally，we went out of the forest that had trapped us．What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there's always a way out of any difficult situation as long as we stay calm． 最后，我们走出了困住我们的森林。多么难忘的经历啊！原来，只要我们保持冷静，就总有办法脱离困境。
诀窍二： 名言＋感悟 1．A friend in need is a friend indeed．True friends will not abandon us when we are in difficulties． 患难见真情。真正的朋友在我们困难时不会抛弃我们。 2．With joint efforts we finally achieved our goal．(Just as the old saying goes，“Where there's a will，there's a way．”) 在大家的共同努力下，我们终于达成了目标。(正如古话所说：“有志者，事竟成。”)
　语料运用
①终于，奖学金宣布的日子到了。Maya的心跳加速。突然，她听到了自己的名字。(with复合结构)
Finally，the day of the scholarship announcement arrived．__________________ ___________________，suddenly，she heard her name．
②Maya很快提醒自己，她已经克服了所有的挑战。(remind)
Maya quickly ________________________________________ she had already overcome．
③她曾面临来自同学和家人的质疑，但她坚持不懈，全心投入学习和对天文学的热爱之中。(动词-ing形式作状语)
She had faced doubts from classmates and family，yet she had persevered，______________________________________________________________．
④凭借坚定的决心，Maya成功了。每一次失败都激发了她成功的决心，她继续以新的活力追求自己的激情。
With firm determination，Maya succeeded．Each failure only fueled her resolve to succeed，and she _________________________________ with renewed vigor．
⑤Maya的旅程充满挑战，但她致力于克服成为宇航员道路上的每一个障碍。(committed)
Maya's journey was challenging，but she _______________________________ in her path to becoming an astronaut．
1 / 13核心 词汇 1．shadow　n．坏影响，阴影 2．scream v．(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫 3．crew n．(飞机上的)全体机组人员 4．straightforward　adj．简单的 5．awesome adj．很好的，了不起的 6．fetch v．(去)拿来 7．sneeze v．打喷嚏
阅读 词汇 1．notion　　 　　n．概念；观点；看法 2．shuttle n．航天飞机 3．rekindle v．重新激起，重新唤起 4．instantaneously adv．瞬间地 5．lifelike adj．(图画、模型等)生动的， 逼真的 6．telescope n．望远镜 7．self-discipline　　n．自我约束，自律 8．angle v．斜置 9．galaxy n．星系 10．cosmic adj．宇宙的 11．muscle n．肌肉 12．disc n．激光唱片；光碟，光盘
拓展 词汇 1．unexceptional adj．平常的→exceptional adj．例外的；特别的；杰出的→except prep．除……外→exception n．例外 2．tragically adv．悲惨地，不幸地→tragic adj．悲惨的，悲痛的→tragedy n．悲剧；不幸；灾难 3．suspend v．暂停，中止→suspension n．停职；暂停；悬浮 4．simulated adj．模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→simulate v．模拟；假装；冒充→simulator n．(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器 5．submit v．提交→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(物)；屈服 6．invisible adj．看不见的→visible adj．看得见的→vision n．视野；视力
高频 短语 1．become accustomed to　　习惯于 2．cast a shadow on 给……蒙上阴影 3．set foot on 踏上，登上 4．one's heart in one's mouth 心提到嗓子眼 5．take off 起飞；脱下；突然成功 6．tune in 收看；收听 7．wave to sb. 向某人挥手 8．reach for the stars　 有九天揽月之志；努力完成壮举 9．sign up for 报名参加 10．work out 计算出；解决；锻炼 11．be engaged in 忙于；从事 12．be composed of 由……组成 13．be invisible to 无法被……看到 14．quest for 对……的追求；探索
句型 公式 1．Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned．(while引导时间状语从句) “挑战者号”令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时该事故的原因被调查，飞行器的部分零件被重新设计。 2．But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue...(there is never any doubt that...) 但是毫无疑问，载人飞行将继续下去…… 3．Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way．(It＋be＋v．-ed＋that...) 很快，人们认识到，太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。 4．Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances，from enormous clouds of gas where stars are being born，to huge black holes，and even to new planets where we might conceivably find life．(where引导定语从句) 它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。 5．The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for dark matter，thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes．(形容词短语作后置定语) 众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。
At present，we 1．have become (become) accustomed to observing the night sky with a telescope and most of us have been aware that it is 2．an awesome invention．With the 3．assistance (assist) of it，we can see numberless stars invisible to the naked eye．4．However，our quest is far beyond observing the stars，and we have been trying 5．to explore (explore) many galaxies in the universe．Our efforts never suspend，although the loss of the Challenger once cast a shadow 6．on our hearts．With the purpose of rekindling young pupils' interest in space travel，the space shuttle 7．took (take) off on 28 January 1986．But only a minute later，it instantaneously exploded and the lives of its crew were tragically killed，8．making (make) people scream with horror．All the crew sacrificed，9．but their spirits would inspire us to continue to reach for the stars，however hazardous and 10．distant (distance) they are．
1．shadow n．坏影响，阴影n．影子 v．在……上投下阴影；跟踪
①It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people's hearts．
②Jack has always lived in the shadow of his brother，which puts him under great pressure．
③The ancient ruins were partially hidden in shadow，adding to their mysterious atmosphere．
④The small village lived in/under the shadow of the looming mountain，feeling both protected and overshadowed．
　读后续写之心理描写
这一意想不到的悲剧给他们的幸福生活蒙上了一层阴影，使他们极度愁闷、沮丧。
This unexpected tragedy cast a shadow on their happy life，causing them extremely gloomy and depressed．
◎in shadow 在暗处
◎in/under the shadow of sth．在……近旁；被(某人的光彩)所掩盖
◎cast/throw a shadow/shadows on
在……上投下阴影；给……蒙上阴影
◎Thunder continued to shake the sky and lightning illuminated the store for seconds，casting frightening shadows on my mind．
雷声继续震动着天空，闪电照亮了商店几秒钟，在我的脑海中投下了可怕的阴影。
2．submit v．提交；投降；屈服；不得已接受
①These stories can relieve my stress and broaden my horizons．Besides，I even submitted (submit) my own fiction to Youth．
②Under no circumstances should we submit ourselves to any difficulties．
③(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)The researchers then examined these submissions (submission)，coding(编码) experiences into different categories．
　应用文写作之作品征集
如果你想加入，你可以在7月1日之前将你的作品提交至photocontest@school．com。 (submit)
If you want to join，you can submit your works to photocontest@school．com before July 1st．
◎submit to屈从于；不得已接受
◎submit oneself to屈服；投降；接受
◎submit...to...向……提交……
◎submission n．提交；屈服
◎(2024·九省联考)Please submit your entries to the English Department mailbox by the deadline of June 1st．
请在6月1日截止日期前将您的参赛作品提交到英语系邮箱。
3．become accustomed to习惯于
①Knowing that you are not accustomed to the life here and are considering returning to America，I feel very upset．
②Accustoming himself to living (live) in the countryside，Mr．King found it hard to live in the city．
③It took a while for me to accustom myself (I) to all the new rules and regulations．
　应用文写作之建议信
得知你在适应高中的新生活方面有困难，我写信给你一些建议。
Knowing that you have difficulty in becoming/getting accustomed to your new life in high school，I'm writing to give you some hints．
◎be/get accustomed to (doing) sth．习惯于(做)某事
◎accustom sb．/oneself to (doing) sth．使某人习惯于(做)某事
◎I'm sure you will quickly get accustomed to the strong academic atmosphere and colorful activities in the college．
我相信你很快就会习惯学院浓厚的学术氛围和丰富多彩的活动。
4．[教材原句]When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved．(seem后跟不定式作表语)
当“挑战者号”航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，全世界似乎已经对相关宇航员所获得的惊人成就不再感到惊奇。
①(2024·北京卷)Writing seemed to be (be) another form of drawing．
②Rose showed no anxiety before the competition．She seemed to have prepared (prepare) for it pretty well．
③He seems to be struggling (struggle) with that problem，maybe we should offer some help．
　读后续写之心理描写
①喧闹声似乎使他们充满了恐惧。他们逃到船上，立即开始拼命地划水。
The noise seemed to fill them with fear．They fled to their boats and immediately began paddling furiously．
②她好像在找什么东西，满脸焦急，不时停下来在岩石中搜寻。
She seemed to be looking for something，with a face full of anxiety，stopping now and then to search among rocks．
该句中seem后跟不定式作表语，不定式有三种时态：
◎一般式(to do)，表示与谓语动词同时发生的动作或发生在谓语动词表示的动作之后；
◎进行式(to be doing)，表示动作正在进行，且与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生；
◎完成式(to have done)，表示发生在谓语动词之前的动作。
◎(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The moment Gunter picked up the phone，he seemed to know I was going to call．
冈特一拿起电话，似乎就知道我要打电话。
Ⅰ．单句语法填空
1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)An essay not submitted (submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late．
2．Accustomed (accustom) to climbing the steep mountains，he had no difficulty reaching the top．
3．The Internet is considered to have changed (change) most people's life since it was invented．
4．A team has trained a computer to recognise more than 60 different non-verbal accents on a simulated (simulate) face．
5．A bright full moon cast her shadow on the quiet surface of the West Lake．
6．All the time I was nervously walking across the narrow bridge，my heart in my mouth．
7．Most of the time the peaks are visible，but now the peaks which are covered with white floating clouds become invisible now and then like a fantastic Chinese painting．(visible)
8．As a composer，he has composed a great deal of music and many of his compositions are well-known all around the world．(compose)
Ⅱ．一词多义/熟词生义
1．shadow
A．影子　B．昏暗处；背光处　C．坏影响　D．少许；一丁点
(1)Someone jumped out of the shadows and grabbed my handbag． B
(2)An oak tree cast its shadow over a tiny round pool． A
(3)They stole the money，made a getaway and lived under the shadow of fear． C
(4)It is a tragic story，but there is a shadow of hope． D
2．(2022·全国乙卷)That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts． B
A．一群人　　　 B．专业人员
C．(飞机上的)全体工作人员
3．I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle，but it was no use． B
A．夹角 B．角度
C．立场，观点
4．Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements．See how awesome you are？ A
A．很好的，了不起的
B．很困难的
C．可怕的
Ⅲ．写作迁移
1．他在值班期间认真做好自己的工作，得到了大家的认可。
While he was on duty，he did his part conscientiously，gaining everyone's recognition．
2．众所周知，学好英语对我们大家都大有益处。
①It is well known to all that learning English well will be of great benefit to us all．
②As is well known to all，learning English well will be of great benefit to us all．
③What is well known to all is that learning English well will be of great benefit to us all．
3．这就是为什么我申请这份需要耐心和细心的工作。
This is why I apply for the job where patience and care are needed．
4．对于那些没有意识到友谊的重要性的人来说，这是一本值得一读的书。
For those unaware of the importance of friendship，this is a book worth reading．
5．毫无疑问，中国在世界上扮演着极其重要的角色。
①There is not/never any doubt that China is playing a vital role in the world．
②There is no doubt that China is playing a vital role in the world．
假设你是李华，听闻神舟十八号载人飞船发射成功，上周六你们班全体同学参观了一场太空展。请你写一篇英语短文，阐述你对太空探索的看法。内容包括：
1．人们对太空探索表示担忧；
2．太空探索的意义；
3．你的看法。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　写作微练
①1986年美国“挑战者号”航天飞机发生爆炸，机上7名机组人员丧命，给人类太空探索蒙上了阴影。
In 1986，the American space shuttle Challenger exploded，which killed seven crew members on board and cast a shadow on human space exploration．
②尽管这项工作危险且困难重重，但人类对宇宙和银河系的探索从来没有停下脚步。
Hazardous and awesome though this work is，human exploration of the universe and the Galaxy has never stopped．
③中国在贵州省建成了世界上最大的射电望远镜，使太空微粒清晰可见。
China built the world's largest radio telescope in Guizhou Province，making space particles clearly visible．
④人类已经步入了新时代，对太空的探索会越走越远。
Mankind has stepped into a new era；the exploration of space will go further and further．
⑤无论遇到什么样的困难，中国人民会继续和平利用太空，参与到为人类谋福利的活动中。
No matter what kind of difficulties they encounter，the Chinese people will continue to make peaceful use of space and engage in activities for the benefit of mankind．
　句式升级
⑥用动词-ing形式作状语和非限制性定语从句改写句①
In 1986，the American space shuttle Challenger exploded，killing seven crew members on board，which cast a shadow on human space exploration.
⑦用with复合结构改写句④
With mankind having stepped into a new era，the exploration of space will go further and further.
　妙笔成篇
【参考范文】
In 1986，the American space shuttle Challenger exploded，killing seven crew members on board，which cast a shadow on human space exploration．
Hazardous and awesome though this work is，human exploration of the universe and the Galaxy has never stopped．Take China for example．China built the world's largest radio telescope in Guizhou Province，making space particles clearly visible．With mankind having stepped into a new era，the exploration of space will go further and further．
So no matter what kind of difficulties they encounter，the Chinese people will continue to make peaceful use of space and engage in activities for the benefit of mankind．
　语料积累
教材 语料 亮词 rekindle；scream；suspend；submit；angle；fetch；sneeze
美句 1．Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong． 2．The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane．How wrong they had been！Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure． 3．We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle．
拓展 语料 主题语境结尾升华技巧：脱困类 遇险脱困主要涉及在人与社会主题语境下，出现火灾、洪水、溺水、迷路等紧急情况。此类主题可采用下列升华诀窍：
诀窍一： 经历＋感悟 Finally，we went out of the forest that had trapped us．What an unforgettable experience! It turns out that there's always a way out of any difficult situation as long as we stay calm． 最后，我们走出了困住我们的森林。多么难忘的经历啊！原来，只要我们保持冷静，就总有办法脱离困境。
诀窍二： 名言＋感悟 1．A friend in need is a friend indeed．True friends will not abandon us when we are in difficulties． 患难见真情。真正的朋友在我们困难时不会抛弃我们。 2．With joint efforts we finally achieved our goal．(Just as the old saying goes，“Where there's a will，there's a way．”) 在大家的共同努力下，我们终于达成了目标。(正如古话所说：“有志者，事竟成。”)
　语料运用
①终于，奖学金宣布的日子到了。Maya的心跳加速。突然，她听到了自己的名字。(with复合结构)
Finally，the day of the scholarship announcement arrived．With Maya's heart racing wildly，suddenly，she heard her name．
②Maya很快提醒自己，她已经克服了所有的挑战。(remind)
Maya quickly reminded herself of all the challenges she had already overcome．
③她曾面临来自同学和家人的质疑，但她坚持不懈，全心投入学习和对天文学的热爱之中。(动词-ing形式作状语)
She had faced doubts from classmates and family，yet she had persevered，pouring her heart into her studies and passion for astronomy．
④凭借坚定的决心，Maya成功了。每一次失败都激发了她成功的决心，她继续以新的活力追求自己的激情。
With firm determination，Maya succeeded．Each failure only fueled her resolve to succeed，and she continued to pursue her passion with renewed vigor．
⑤Maya的旅程充满挑战，但她致力于克服成为宇航员道路上的每一个障碍。(committed)
Maya's journey was challenging，but she was committed to overcoming every obstacle in her path to becoming an astronaut．
课时数智作业(四十二)
Ⅰ．阅读理解(限时7分钟)
(2025·广西河池模拟)
Apollo 15 was the first flight to the moon that included a spacewalk．On our return trip to Earth，we needed to recover film canisters (胶卷盒) from the service module．Because it was a new activity，an incredible amount of preparation went into it．
I evaluated the entire plan in terms of safety and results．During our pre-flight analysis，we installed a warning tone in the suit in case of low oxygen pressure．Once all pre-flight work was accomplished，the actual spacewalk was easy and accomplished in a short time．I had the pleasure of being outside the spacecraft for 38 minutes，and here's how we did it．
We started suiting up an hour or so before the actual spacewalk．I got a little rush as the Command Module was depressurizing because I was then completely dependent on the pressure in the suit to keep me alive．I had practised this procedure many times on Earth，but this was for real and I had to do it just right．Once the cabin pressure went to zero，we opened the hatch (舱口) and went out．
What a feeling to be free in deep space! I concentrated on reaching for the handholds as I made my way to the back of the service module so I would not float away．I had a small problem right away．The high-resolution camera was stuck out in its extended position．I reached the canister，put a safety clip on it，attached by a rope to my wrist，and pulled it out of the bay．Turning around again I made my way back to the hatch．So far，a piece of cake．After another two trips，I finished my task．
Just by turning my head I could position myself so that both the Earth and the Moon were in field of vision．I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before．What an honour it was．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者有幸经历的一次太空之旅。
1．What is the purpose of installing a warning tone in the suit？(　　)
A．To help recover film canisters．
B．To assess the safety of the plan．
C．To improve the quality of the suit．
D．To inform astronauts of low oxygen pressure．
D　[细节理解题。根据文中第二段“During our pre-flight analysis，we installed a warning tone in the suit in case of low oxygen pressure．”可知，在宇航服里安装警告音的目的是以此来预告低氧压力情况的发生。故选D。]
2．Why was the author feel nervous faced with his actual spacewalk？(　　)
A．His task was completely new for him．
B．He lacked full preparation in advance．
C．He was afraid to make any mistake．
D．He suddenly found his suit went wrong．
C　[推理判断题。根据文章第三段“I got a little rush as the Command Module was depressurizing because I was then completely dependent on the pressure in the suit to keep me alive．I had practised this procedure many times on Earth，but this was for real and I had to do it just right．”可知，作者面对实际的太空行走会感到紧张是因为他害怕犯任何错误。故选C。]
3．What happened when the author did his task in space？(　　)
A．He couldn't find the canister．
B．He failed to handle the problem himself．
C．He experienced a narrow escape initially．
D．He met with some challenges when doing his task．
D　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I had a small problem right away．The high-resolution camera was stuck out in its extended position．”可知，他在完成任务时遇到了一些挑战。故选D。]
4．What does the author feel about his trip to the moon？(　　)
A．Tired． B．Confused．
C．Proud． D．Safe．
C　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I realized that no one in all of history had ever seen this sight before．What an honour it was．”可知，作者对他的月球之旅感到很自豪。故选C。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(限时7分钟)
(2024·河北衡水三模)
Save the Earth from Declining Biodiversity
Plants and animals depend on each other for survival．Find out why biodiversity is so important and how you can help．
Skip the selfie (自拍照)．Riding elephants，holding monkeys，and taking photos with little lions might seem fun，but these animals might have been caught from the wild and aren't being properly cared for．Avoid these activities on vacation unless you know the group is trustworthy and not treating animals cruelly． 1
Stand up for scary animals．Some people are afraid of animals like wolves，sharks，and bats and try to harm them． 2 Because they keep their habitats healthy．So tell everyone how amazing they are．
Bad plants． 3 They can destroy native species and shake up the whole ecosystem．You can help．Sign up to help remove invasive plants at a local park or nature centre．
Lights off．Birds can become confused by bright night-time lights，causing them to crash into windows or fly in circles until they're very tired． 4 You can also talk to your parents about turning off the lights at their high-rise offices．
5 Bring binoculars (望远镜) on an outdoor adventure to enjoy wildlife from afar．That way you don't disturb animals，which can change their behaviour．Critters (生物) are better off spending energy looking for food or caring for young — not hiding from you!
A．Look — Don't touch．
B．But these animals are super important．
C．A large number of birds die from these．
D．We should make an effort to protect local species．
E．Ask your parents not to “like” similar photos on social media．
F．Invasive species are plants and animals that don't belong in a habitat．
G．Turn off unnecessary lights at night in the spring and fall when birds are migrating．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为拯救地球而减少生物多样性下降的几项措施。
1．E　[根据本段上文可知，上文建议不要与动物进行拍照。E项与上文主题呼应，符合语境。故选E。]
2．B　[根据上下文可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，指出这些动物的重要性，B项中的“these animals”和下文的“they”对应。B项符合语境。故选B。]
3．F　[根据段落小标题“Bad plants．”可知，空处介绍这些有害植物是什么，再结合下文可知，空处介绍的有害植物就是入侵植物，即“Invasive species”。F项符合语境。故选F。]
4．G　[根据上下文可知，上文描述夜间灯光对鸟类的危害，空处和下文并列，一起说明解决灯光造成的光污染问题的方法。G项符合语境。故选G。]
5．A　[空处为段落小标题。根据下文可知，该段主要讲述从远处欣赏野生动物，这样你就不会打扰动物，从而改变它们的行为。A项符合语境。故选A。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(限时6分钟)
(2024·辽宁教研教改联合体一模)
The Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship successfully 1．__________ (dock) with the space station at 3：32 a．m． on April 26，2024，according to the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA)．The whole process took 2．__________ (approximate) 6.5 hours．
The spaceship，atop a Long March-2F carrier rocket，blasted off at 8：59 p．m．from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China．About 10 3．__________ (minute) after the launch，the Shenzhou-18 spaceship separated from the rocket 4．__________ entered its designated orbit．The crew members are 5．__________ good shape and the launch is 6．__________ “complete success”，the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced．
While in orbit，the Shenzhou-18 spaceship is scheduled 7．__________ (make) a fast，automated rendezvous and to dock with the space station combination．The Shenzhou-18 crew will rotate with the Shenzhou-17 crew in orbit．
The Shenzhou-18 crew members are Ye Guangfu，Li Cong and Li Guangsu，with Ye as the mission 8．__________ (command)．The Shenzhou-18 mission marks Ye's second journey into space，9．__________ (follow) his previous role as a crew member during the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022．Li Cong and Li Guangsu，10．__________ belong to the third group of Chinese astronauts，are both embarking on their first-ever space adventure．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了神舟十八号载人飞船于2024年4月26日凌晨成功对接空间站，发射过程顺利，宇航员状态良好，以及飞船的飞行计划和宇航员阵容。
1．docked　[考查动词时态。句子描述的是过去发生的事件，且为成功完成的动作，应使用一般过去时。因此，空格处应填docked。故填docked。]
2．approximately　[考查词性转换。approximate为形容词，意为“近似的，大约的”，此处需要副词修饰动词took。故填approximately。]
3．minutes　[考查名词复数。minute为可数名词，前面有数词10修饰，应使用复数形式。故填minutes。]
4．and　[考查连词。根据句意，前后两个动作“分离”和“进入轨道”是连续发生的，且为并列关系，应使用并列连词and连接。故填and。]
5．in　[考查介词短语。in good shape为固定短语，意为“身体状态良好”，故填in。]
6．a　[考查冠词。success在此处为抽象名词表具体意思，此处含义为“一次完全成功的发射”，应使用定冠词a。故填a。]
7．to make　[考查非谓语动词。be scheduled to do sth．为固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”，故空格处应填动词不定式to make。故填to make。]
8．commander　[考查词性转换。根据句意，此处需要名词“指挥官”作介词as的宾语，应填commander。故填commander。]
9．following　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语marks，根据句意，此处表示“继……之后”，且与前一句为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用动词-ing形式作状语，故填following。]
10．who　[考查定语从句。此处表示“李聪和李广苏都属于中国第三批航天员”，设空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，并指代先行词Li Cong and Li Guangsu，在从句中作主语。故填who。]
Ⅳ．读后续写(限时25分钟)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Dear Jenny，I am really sorry to tell you that you didn't get the position this time．The interviewers had a discussion about you．You have a very good experience，but you are not qualified for this position．The journalist we want is to communicate with people from walks of life，so you should be more sociable and more energetic．So，sorry．” Actually，such was not quite new to Jenny and this was the third time that she had been rejected for a job position after her graduation from university as a top student．
Overwhelmed (淹没) with sadness，she lifted her hands to cover her face．Her heart was broken with self-doubt whether she was never good enough to fit in with the highly competitive adult world．It seemed that the excellence she displayed at school was nothing but illusion．“Maybe I should quit applying for that demanding job，” Jenny whispered to herself．
Sensing something wrong，Jenny's father，James，said to his daughter，“Congratulations on your graduation，and time to enjoy your youth．In celebration of your new life，I'd like to give you something special．Here is a car that I acquired many years ago．But before I give it to you，take it to the used car lot downtown and tell them you want to sell it and see how much they offer you．”
Unwilling as Jenny was，she went to the used car lot and they offered her only one thousand dollars because the car looked very worn out．With that offer，she returned back to her father and out of her expectation，this time her father told her to take this car to a pawnshop (当铺)．Confused，Jenny went to the pawnshop where they should have offered her ten thousand dollars as her father's car looked a little bit old to them．“Maybe it is a perfect deal！” thought Jenny．But then，the father advised his daughter to keep trying and go to a car club and show them the car．The daughter took the car to the club，and then，breathtakingly，something magic happened．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
People there willingly offered one hundred thousand dollars for the same car．____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Wearing a satisfied smile，James said，“They identified it as an expensive car．”__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
People there willingly offered one hundred thousand dollars for the same car.Shocked，Jenny couldn't believe what was happening in front of her．Ideas and questions came to mind，so she asked herself，“How could the prices be so different at different places？Are these guys out of mind to buy such a worn-out car？” Without any clues，she dashed back to her father and couldn't wait to make out the truth．So she told James what had happened in the car club．
Wearing a satisfied smile，James said，“They identified it as an expensive car.” In fact，never had people in the used car lot and the pawnshop recognized the value under the broken cover．Patting gently on Jenny's shoulder，James said，“I want you to know that you are not worth anything if you are not in a right place．Don't stay where your value goes unnoticed．” With moved tears in her eyes，Jenny understood she should know her worth and surround herself with those who could recognize it and that the true value would shine only when she was in the right environment．She knew clearly what to do next．
1 / 19

展开更多......

收起↑